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Brooks SG, Yosipovitch G. A critical evaluation of nemolizumab for prurigo nodularis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024. [PMID: 38217530 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2306225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that presents with intensely pruritic, hyperkeratotic nodules. The pathophysiology underlying PN is not entirely clear, making treatment challenging. Patients often require a multimodal approach, although many of the available therapies have low efficacy or adverse effects. AREAS COVERED In this review, we discuss the use of nemolizumab for the treatment of PN in adults. Nemolizumab is a biological therapy that reduces type 2 cytokines and the neuroimmune response implicated in the pathophysiology of PN. It also helps maintain skin barrier integrity, which may be damaged during the vicious itch-scratch cycle. Nemolizumab has demonstrated great efficacy in improving itch and clearing lesions in recent clinical trials with respectable tolerance. EXPERT OPINION Nemolizumab is a promising drug for PN that seems comparable to the recently approved dupilumab in terms of its therapeutic effect and excellent safety profile, although nemolizumab may work more rapidly on itch. JAK inhibitors are also emerging as competitors of biologics for PN, however, their safety profile in this population may differ. Trials evaluating these drugs are needed to assess which is preferable. Additional data on the durability and longevity of nemolizumab for PN treatment is highly anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah G Brooks
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miami Itch Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Gil Yosipovitch
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miami Itch Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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Chen FM, Li H, Chung DLS, Mak ATL, Leung FP, Chan HYE, Wong WT. IL-4/STAT6 axis observed to reverse proliferative defect in SCA3 patient-derived neural progenitor cells. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2024; 51:30-39. [PMID: 37933553 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia 3 (SCA3) is an incurable, neurodegenerative genetic disorder that leads to progressive cerebellar ataxia and other parkinsonian-like pathologies because of loss of cerebellar neurons. The role of an expanded polyglutamine aggregate on neural progenitor cells is unknown. Here, we show that SCA3 patient-specific induced neural progenitor cells (iNPCs) exhibit proliferative defects. Moreover, SCA3 iNPCs have reduced autophagic expression compared to control. Furthermore, although SCA3 iNPCs continue to proliferate, they do not survive subsequent passages compared to control iNPCs, indicating the likelihood that SCA3 iNPCs undergo rapid senescence. Exposure to interleukin-4 (IL-4), a type 2 cytokine produced by immune cells, resulted in an observed increase in expression of autophagic programs and a reduction in the proliferation defect observed in SCA3 iNPCs. Our results indicate a previously unobserved role of SCA3 disease ontology on the neural stem cell pool and a potential therapeutic strategy using IL-4 to ameliorate or delay disease pathology in the SCA3 neural progenitor cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis M Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huixian Li
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dittman Lai-Shun Chung
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Angel T L Mak
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fung Ping Leung
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ho Yin Edwin Chan
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Nexus of Rare Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Tak Wong
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Makino T, Mizawa M, Takemoto K, Yamamoto S, Shimizu T. Altered expression of S100 fused-type proteins in an atopic dermatitis skin model. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:2160-2165. [PMID: 36995036 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder with elevated interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 signatures and extensive barrier dysfunction, which is correlated with the downregulation of filaggrin (FLG). FLG is a member of the S100 fused-type protein family and this family also includes cornulin (CRNN), filaggrin-2 (FLG2), hornerin (HRNR) repetin (RPTN), trichohyalin (TCHH) and trichohyalin-like 1 (TCHHL1). The present study aimed to examine the effects of IL-4 and IL-13 and the downregulation of FLG on the expression of S100 fused-type proteins using a three-dimensional (3D) AD skin model by immunohistochemical study and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In the 3D AD skin model, which was generated by a stimulation of recombinant IL-4 and IL-13, the expression of FLG, FLG2, HRNR and TCHH was decreased, while that of RPTN was increased in comparison to the 3D control skin. In the FLG knockdown (KD) 3D skin model, which was generated using FLG siRNA, the expression of HRNR was increased. The expression of the other proteins did not differ to a statistically significant extent. The expression of fused-S100 type protein family members may differ in AD skin. This suggests that these proteins play different roles in the pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruhiko Makino
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Megumi Mizawa
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Keita Takemoto
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Seiji Yamamoto
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tadamichi Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Guedes JR, Ferreira PA, Costa J, Laranjo M, Pinto MJ, Reis T, Cardoso AM, Lebre C, Casquinha M, Gomes M, Shkatova V, Pereira M, Beltrão N, Hanuscheck N, Greenhalgh AD, Vogelaar CF, Carvalho AL, Zipp F, Cardoso AL, Peça J. IL-4 shapes microglia-dependent pruning of the cerebellum during postnatal development. Neuron 2023; 111:3435-3449.e8. [PMID: 37918358 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a type 2 cytokine with pleiotropic functions in adaptive immunity, allergies, and cognitive processes. Here, we show that low levels of IL-4 in the early postnatal stage delineate a critical period in which microglia extensively prune cerebellar neurons. Elevating the levels of this cytokine via peripheral injection, or using a mouse model of allergic asthma, leads to defective pruning, permanent increase in cerebellar granule cells, and circuit alterations. These animals also show a hyperkinetic and impulsive-like phenotype, reminiscent of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These alterations are blocked in Il4rαfl/fl::Cx3cr1-CreER mice, which are deficient in IL-4 receptor signaling in microglia. These findings demonstrate a previously unknown role for IL-4 during a neuroimmune critical period of cerebellar maturation and provide a first putative mechanism for the comorbidity between allergic disease and ADHD observed in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana R Guedes
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC-Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro A Ferreira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Doctoral Program in Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jéssica Costa
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC-Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal; PDBEB-Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariana Laranjo
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC-Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal; PDBEB-Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria J Pinto
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC-Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tiago Reis
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC-Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal; PDBEB-Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Cardoso
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC-Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carolina Lebre
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Casquinha
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marcos Gomes
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC-Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal; PDBEB-Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Viktoriya Shkatova
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marta Pereira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno Beltrão
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC-Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal; PDBEB-Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nicholas Hanuscheck
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Neurology, 06131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Andrew D Greenhalgh
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Christina Francisca Vogelaar
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Neurology, 06131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ana Luísa Carvalho
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Frauke Zipp
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Neurology, 06131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Ana Luísa Cardoso
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC-Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - João Peça
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Mack MR, Miron Y, Chen F, Miller PE, Zhang A, Korotzer A, Richman D, Bryce PJ. Type 2 cytokines sensitize human sensory neurons to itch-associated stimuli. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1258823. [PMID: 37868811 PMCID: PMC10586051 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1258823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic itch is a central symptom of atopic dermatitis. Cutaneous afferent neurons express receptors interleukins (IL)-4, IL-13, and IL-33, which are type 2 cytokines that are elevated in atopic dermatitis. These neuronal cytokine receptors were found to be required in several murine models of itch. Prior exposure of neurons to either IL-4 or IL-33 increased their response to subsequent chemical pruritogens in mice but has not been previously examined in humans. The objective of the present study was to determine if type 2 cytokine stimulation sensitizes sensory neurons to future itch stimuli in a fully human ex vivo system. Methods We measured calcium flux from human dorsal root ganglia cultures from cadaveric donors in response to pruritogens following transient exposure to type 2 cytokines. We also measured their effect on neuronal calcium flux and changes in gene expression by RNA sequencing. Results Type 2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, and IL-33) were capable of sensitizing human dorsal root ganglia neurons to both histaminergic and nonhistaminergic itch stimuli. Sensitization was observed after only 2 h of pruritogen incubation. We observed rapid neuronal calcium flux in a small subset of neurons directly in response to IL-4 and to IL-13, which was dependent on the presence of extracellular calcium. IL-4 and IL-13 induced a common signature of upregulated genes after 24 h of exposure that was unique from IL-33 and non-type 2 inflammatory stimuli. Discussion This study provides evidence of peripheral neuron sensitization by type 2 cytokines as well as broad transcriptomic effects in human sensory ganglia. These studies identify both unique and overlapping roles of these cytokines in sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison R. Mack
- Immunology and Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area, Sanofi, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | | | | | - Annie Zhang
- Medical Affairs, Sanofi, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Andrew Korotzer
- Medical Affairs, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, United States
| | | | - Paul J. Bryce
- Immunology and Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area, Sanofi, Cambridge, MA, United States
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Leyva-Castillo JM, McGurk A, Strakosha M, Vega-Mendoza D, Smith SEM, Stafstrom K, Elkins M, Chou J, Wang YH, Geha RS. IL-4 receptor alpha blockade dampens allergic inflammation and upregulates IL-17A expression to promote Saureus clearance in antigen sensitized mouse skin. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:907-915. [PMID: 37315811 PMCID: PMC10592541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin colonization with Staphylococcus aureus aggravates atopic dermatitis and exaggerates allergic skin inflammation in mice. IL-4 receptor α (IL-4Rα) blockade is beneficial in atopic dermatitis and reduces Saureus skin colonization through unknown mechanisms. The cytokine IL-17A restrains Saureus growth. OBJECTIVES This study sought to examine the effect of IL-4Rα blockade on Saureus colonization at sites of allergic skin inflammation in mice and determine the mechanism involved. METHODS BALB/c mice were epicutaneously sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA). Immediately after, PSVue 794-labeled S aureus strain SF8300 or saline was applied and a single dose of anti-IL-4Rα blocking antibody, a mixture of anti-IL-4Rα and anti-IL-17A blocking antibodies, or IgG isotype controls were administered intradermally. Saureus load was assessed 2 days later by in vivo imaging and enumeration of colony forming units. Skin cellular infiltration was examined by flow cytometry and gene expression by quantitative PCR and transcriptome analysis. RESULTS IL-4Rα blockade decreased allergic skin inflammation in OVA-sensitized skin, as well as in OVA-sensitized and Saureus-exposed skin, evidenced by significantly decreased epidermal thickening and reduced dermal infiltration by eosinophils and mast cells. This was accompanied by increased cutaneous expression of Il17a and IL-17A-driven antimicrobial genes with no change in Il4 and Il13 expression. IL-4Rα blockade significantly decreased Saureus load in OVA-sensitized and S aureus-exposed skin. IL-17A blockade reversed the beneficial effect of IL-4Rα blockade on Saureus clearance and reduced the cutaneous expression of IL-17A-driven antimicrobial genes. CONCLUSIONS IL-4Rα blockade promotes Saureus clearance from sites of allergic skin inflammation in part by enhancing IL-17A expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex McGurk
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Maria Strakosha
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Daniela Vega-Mendoza
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Sophia E M Smith
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Kelsey Stafstrom
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Megan Elkins
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Janet Chou
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | | | - Raif S Geha
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
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Chang L, Wu H, Huang W, Li Y, Chen Y, Li X, Yao Z, Chen X, Lai X, Zheng R, Huang Z, Wu X, Zhang G. IL-21 induces pyroptosis of Treg cells via Akt-mTOR-NLRP3-caspase 1 axis in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:641-655.e14. [PMID: 37164271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory T (Treg) cells, which prevent inflammation-induced eosinophil infiltration, are deficient in nasal polyps (NPs) in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS). It is concomitant with loss of Foxp3 after certain inflammatory stimuli. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the inflammatory cytokines involved in inducing the loss of Treg cells in NPs. METHODS The abundance of cytokines in ECRS patients or mice were tested using ELISA, immunochemistry, immunofluorescence, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qPCR), and/or flow cytometry. Expression of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), CD4+ T cells, IL-4, and IL-17A and eosinophils in nasal mucosa of mouse model was investigated by immunochemistry, immunofluorescence, and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The percentage and death of induced Treg (iTreg) cells, source of IL-21 in NPs from ECRS and non-ECRS patients, and abundance of different systemic phenotypes of CD4+ T cells in a mouse model were studied by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis, scanning, and transmission electronic microscopy were used to detect pyroptosis of iTreg cells. RESULTS IL-21 was highly expressed in nasal mucosa of ECRS patients and mice, causing pyroptosis and preventing development of iTreg cells in vitro. The elevated IL-21 in NPs from ECRS patients was mainly produced by CD3+ T cells, including T follicular helper, T peripheral helper, TH2, and TH17 cells and CD3+CD4- T cells. T peripheral helper cells and CD3+CD4- T cells were the predominant source of IL-21 in NPs from non-ECRS patients. Blocking IL-21/IL-21R signaling significantly reduced the number of eosinophils and CD4+ T cells along with ECP, IL-4, and IL-17A expression in the nasal mucosa of ECRS mice. It also increased Treg cell percentage and systemically decreased TH2 and TH17 ratios. Akt-mTOR inhibition prevented IL-21-induced pyroptosis in human and mouse iTreg cells. CONCLUSION Elevated IL-21 drives pyroptosis and prevents Treg cell development in ECRS patients. IL-21 induced pyroptosis via activating Akt-mTOR-NLRP3-caspase 1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haotian Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiqiang Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Clinical Immunology, the Third Hospital at Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhouzhou Yao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Lai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zizhen Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xifu Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gehua Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Li H, He C, Zhu R, Chen FM, Wang L, Leung FP, Tian XY, Tse G, Wong WT. Type 2 cytokines promote angiogenesis in ischemic muscle via endothelial IL-4Rα signaling. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112964. [PMID: 37556326 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet current trials on therapeutic angiogenesis remain suboptimal. Type 2 immunity is critical for post-ischemic regeneration, but its regulatory role in revascularization is poorly characterized. Here, we show that type 2 cytokines, interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13), are the key mediators in post-ischemic angiogenesis. IL-4/IL-13-deficient mice exhibit impaired reperfusion and muscle repair in an experimental model of PAD. We find that deletion of IL-4Rα in the endothelial compartment, rather than the myeloid compartment, leads to remarkable impairment in revascularization. Mechanistically, IL-4/IL-13 promote endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation via IL-4Rα/STAT6 signaling. Furthermore, attenuated IL-4/IL-13 expression is associated with the angiogenesis deficit in the setting of diabetic PAD, while IL-4/IL-13 treatment rescues this defective regeneration. Our findings reveal the therapeutic potential of type 2 cytokines in treating patients with muscle ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Li
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Chufeng He
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ruiwen Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Francis M Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Fung Ping Leung
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiao Yu Tian
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Gary Tse
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong 999077, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Wing Tak Wong
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
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Ferreira ACF, Szeto ACH, Clark PA, Crisp A, Kozik P, Jolin HE, McKenzie ANJ. Neuroprotective protein ADNP-dependent histone remodeling complex promotes T helper 2 immune cell differentiation. Immunity 2023; 56:1468-1484.e7. [PMID: 37285842 PMCID: PMC10501989 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 immune responses are critical in tissue homeostasis, anti-helminth immunity, and allergy. T helper 2 (Th2) cells produce interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, and IL-13 from the type 2 gene cluster under regulation by transcription factors (TFs) including GATA3. To better understand transcriptional regulation of Th2 cell differentiation, we performed CRISPR-Cas9 screens targeting 1,131 TFs. We discovered that activity-dependent neuroprotector homeobox protein (ADNP) was indispensable for immune reactions to allergen. Mechanistically, ADNP performed a previously unappreciated role in gene activation, forming a critical bridge in the transition from pioneer TFs to chromatin remodeling by recruiting the helicase CHD4 and ATPase BRG1. Although GATA3 and AP-1 bound the type 2 cytokine locus in the absence of ADNP, they were unable to initiate histone acetylation or DNA accessibility, resulting in highly impaired type 2 cytokine expression. Our results demonstrate an important role for ADNP in promoting immune cell specialization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paula A Clark
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Alastair Crisp
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Patrycja Kozik
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Helen E Jolin
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
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10
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Ben-Baruch Morgenstern N, Shoda T, Rochman Y, Caldwell JM, Collins MH, Mukkada V, Putnam PE, Bolton SM, Felton JM, Rochman M, Murray-Petzold C, Kliewer KL, Rothenberg ME. Local type 2 immunity in eosinophilic gastritis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:136-144. [PMID: 36754294 PMCID: PMC10330288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eosinophilic gastritis (EoG) associates with type 2 immunity. However, the type 2 cytokine cellular source, gastric T-cell composition, and gastric T-cell relationship (or relationships) with disease pathology remain understudied. OBJECTIVE We defined gastric T-cell populations and their association with histologic and endoscopic EoG pathology. METHODS Gastric biopsy samples (n = 6 EoG, n = 7 control) were subjected to histologic, endoscopic, and flow cytometry analyses. In a complementary cohort (n = 83 EoG), IL4, IL5, and IL13 mRNA levels were correlated with EoG pathologic parameters. RESULTS Gastric biopsy samples contained CD3+ T cells that were mainly CD8+; the CD8/CD4 ratio was comparable in EoG and control biopsy samples (5.7 ± 3.0 and 4.3 ± 0.6, respectively; P = .28). Gastric regulatory T (CD3+CD4+FOXP3+) and TH2 (CD3+CD4+GATA3+) cell levels were increased in EoG versus controls (2-fold, P < .05 and 10-fold, P < .001, respectively) and correlated with gastric eosinophil levels (r = 0.63, P < .05 and r = 0.85, P < .001, respectively), endoscopic pathology (r = 0.56, P < .01; r = 0.84, P < .001, respectively), and histopathology (r = 0.72, P < .01; r = 0.82, P < .01, respectively). Cytokine-positive, most notably IL-4+, TH2 cell levels strongly correlated with histologic and endoscopic scores (r = 0.82, P < .0001 and r = 0.78, P < .0001, respectively). In an independent EoG cohort (n = 83), bulk gastric IL4, IL5, and IL13 mRNA levels correlated with histologic score (r = 0.22, P < .005; r = 0.54, P < .0001; and r = 0.36, P < .0001, respectively) and endoscopic score (r = 0.27, P < .001; r = 0.40, P < .0001; and r = 0.35, P < .0001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS EoG is a TH2 cell-associated disease featuring increased gastric type 2 cytokine-producing CD3+CD4+GATA3+TH2 cells that strongly correlate with disease pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Netali Ben-Baruch Morgenstern
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Tetsuo Shoda
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Yrina Rochman
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Julie M Caldwell
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Margaret H Collins
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Vincent Mukkada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Philip E Putnam
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Scott M Bolton
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jennifer M Felton
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Mark Rochman
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Cristin Murray-Petzold
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Kara L Kliewer
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Marc E Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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11
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Gimenez-Rivera VA, Patel H, Dupuy FP, Allakhverdi Z, Bouchard C, Madrenas J, Bissonnette R, Piccirillo CA, Jack C. NOD2 Agonism Counter-Regulates Human Type 2 T Cell Functions in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Cultures: Implications for Atopic Dermatitis. Biomolecules 2023; 13. [PMID: 36830738 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is known as a skin disease; however, T cell immunopathology found in blood is associated with its severity. Skin Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and associated host-pathogen dynamics are important to chronic T helper 2 (Th2)-dominated inflammation in AD, yet they remain poorly understood. This study sought to investigate the effects of S. aureus-derived molecules and skin alarmins on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, specifically testing Th2-type cells, cytokines, and chemokines known to be associated with AD. We first show that six significantly elevated Th2-related chemokine biomarkers distinguish blood from adult AD patients compared to healthy controls ex vivo; in addition, TARC/CCL17, LDH, and PDGF-AA/AB correlated significantly with disease severity. We then demonstrate that these robust AD-associated biomarkers, as well as associated type 2 T cell functions, are readily reproduced from healthy blood mononuclear cells exposed to the alarmin TSLP and the S. aureus superantigen SEB in a human in vitro model, including IL-13, IL-5, and TARC secretion as well as OX-40-expressing activated memory T cells. We further show that the agonism of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein (NOD)2 inhibits this IL-13 secretion and memory Th2 and Tc2 cell functional activation while inducing significantly increased pSTAT3 and IL-6, both critical for Th17 cell responses. These findings identify NOD2 as a potential regulator of type 2 immune responses in humans and highlight its role as an endogenous inhibitor of pathogenic IL-13 that may open avenues for its therapeutic targeting in AD.
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12
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Dong Z, Myklebust Å, Johnsen IB, Jartti T, Døllner H, Risnes K, DeWan AT. Type 2 cytokine genes as allergic asthma risk factors after viral bronchiolitis in early childhood. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1054119. [PMID: 36685501 PMCID: PMC9852873 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1054119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Genome-wide association studies of asthma have identified associations with variants in type-2 related genes. Also, specific interactions between genetic variants and viral bronchiolitis in the development of asthma has been suggested. Objective To conduct a gene-based analysis of genetic variants in type 2 cytokine related genes as risk factors for allergic asthma at school age, and further, to study their interaction with specific viral infections in early childhood. Methods A prospectively investigated cohort of children with previous bronchiolitis and controls came for follow-up at school age. The research visit, blinded to viral exposure, included detailed lung function tests, laboratory investigation, and questionnaires. Allergic asthma was defined as typical symptoms plus objective variable airway obstruction, in addition to laboratory verified atopy (elevated eosinophil count or sensitization to an allergen). Targeted and complete sequencing was performed for nine type 2 cytokine candidate genes: IL4, 5, 13, 25, 33 and 37, IL17RB, CRLF2 and TSLP. Results At follow-up, there were 109 children with genetic data, 91 with a history of bronchiolitis (46% respiratory syncytial virus, 24% human rhinovirus, 15% human metapneumovirus and 14% mixed viral etiology) and 18 without. The median age was 9.4 years (range 6-13) and 41 (38%) had laboratory verified atopy. Twenty-one children (19%) met the definition of allergic asthma. After adjusting for age, sex and five viral categories, IL33 achieved nominal significance (p = 0.017) for a positive association with allergic asthma development. In the gene-virus interaction analysis, the variant set in IL17RB demonstrated a nominally significant positive interaction with human metapneumovirus infection (p=0.05). Conclusion The results highlight the multifactorial nature of allergic asthma risk, with both viral infection and inherited genetic variants contributing to increasing risk. Results for IL33 and IL17RB were nominally significant and are potential candidate targets for designing therapeutics and early screening, but these results must be replicated in an independent study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Dong
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States,Center for Perinatal, Pediatric and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Åsne Myklebust
- Children’s Clinic, St Olav Hospital, University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingvild Bjellmo Johnsen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tuomas Jartti
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Henrik Døllner
- Children’s Clinic, St Olav Hospital, University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kari Risnes
- Children’s Clinic, St Olav Hospital, University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway,*Correspondence: Andrew T. DeWan, ; Kari Risnes,
| | - Andrew T. DeWan
- Center for Perinatal, Pediatric and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States,Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States,*Correspondence: Andrew T. DeWan, ; Kari Risnes,
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13
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Brewer MG, Monticelli SR, Moran MC, Miller BL, Beck LA, Ward BM. Conditions That Simulate the Environment of Atopic Dermatitis Enhance Susceptibility of Human Keratinocytes to Vaccinia Virus. Cells 2022; 11:1337. [PMID: 35456017 PMCID: PMC9025056 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals with underlying chronic skin conditions, notably atopic dermatitis (AD), are disproportionately affected by infections from members of the herpesviridae, papovaviridae, and poxviridae families. Many patients with AD experience recurrent, widespread cutaneous viral infections that can lead to viremia, serious organ complications, and even death. Little is known about how the type 2 inflammatory environment observed in the skin of AD patients impacts the susceptibility of epidermal cells (keratinocytes) to viral pathogens. Herein, we studied the susceptibility of keratinocytes to the prototypical poxvirus, vaccinia virus (VV)-the causative agent of eczema vaccinatum-under conditions that simulate the epidermal environment observed in AD. Treatment of keratinocytes with type 2 cytokines (IL-4 and -13) to simulate the inflammatory environment or a tight junction disrupting peptide to mirror the barrier disruption observed in AD patients, resulted in a differentiation-dependent increase in susceptibility to VV. Furthermore, pan JAK inhibition was able to diminish the VV susceptibility occurring in keratinocytes exposed to type 2 cytokines. We propose that in AD, the increased viral susceptibility of keratinocytes leads to enhanced virus production in the skin, which contributes to the rampant dissemination and pathology seen within patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G. Brewer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (B.L.M.); (L.A.B.)
| | - Stephanie R. Monticelli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (S.R.M.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Mary C. Moran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (S.R.M.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Benjamin L. Miller
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (B.L.M.); (L.A.B.)
| | - Lisa A. Beck
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (B.L.M.); (L.A.B.)
| | - Brian M. Ward
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (S.R.M.); (M.C.M.)
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14
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[CPUO (chronic pruritus of unknown origin)]. Arerugi 2022; 71:140-1. [PMID: 35296605 DOI: 10.15036/arerugi.71.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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15
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Parkinson JE, Pearson S, Rückerl D, Allen JE, Sutherland TE. The magnitude of airway remodeling is not altered by distinct allergic inflammatory responses in BALB/c versus C57BL/6 mice but matrix composition differs. Immunol Cell Biol 2021; 99:640-655. [PMID: 33587776 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Allergic airway inflammation is heterogeneous with variability in immune phenotypes observed across asthmatic patients. Inflammation has been thought to directly contribute to airway remodeling in asthma, but clinical data suggest that neutralizing type 2 cytokines does not necessarily alter disease pathogenesis. Here, we utilized C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice to investigate the development of allergic airway inflammation and remodeling. Exposure to an allergen cocktail for up to 8 weeks led to type 2 and type 17 inflammation, characterized by airway eosinophilia and neutrophilia and increased expression of chitinase-like proteins in both C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. However, BALB/c mice developed much greater inflammatory responses than C57BL/6 mice, effects possibly explained by a failure to induce pathways that regulate and maintain T-cell activation in C57BL/6 mice, as shown by whole lung RNA transcript analysis. Allergen administration resulted in a similar degree of airway remodeling between mouse strains but with differences in collagen subtype composition. Increased collagen III was observed around the airways of C57BL/6 but not BALB/c mice while allergen-induced loss of basement membrane collagen IV was only observed in BALB/c mice. This study highlights a model of type 2/type 17 airway inflammation in mice whereby development of airway remodeling can occur in both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice despite differences in immune response dynamics between strains. Importantly, compositional changes in the extracellular matrix between genetic strains of mice may help us better understand the relationships between lung function, remodeling and airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Parkinson
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Stella Pearson
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Dominik Rückerl
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Judith E Allen
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Tara E Sutherland
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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16
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Ichimasu N, Chen Y, Kobayashi K, Suzuki S, Chikazawa S, Shimura S, Katagiri K. Possible involvement of type 2 cytokines in alloknesis in mouse models of menopause and dry skin. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:1745-1753. [PMID: 34181782 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alloknesis, an abnormal itch sensation induced by innocuous stimuli, is a key phenomenon in the vicious itch-scratch cycle in patients with atopic dermatitis. Dry skin and pruritus, including alloknesis, are major health problems in peri- and post-menopausal women. We recently reported permeability barrier dysfunction in ovariectomized (OVX) mice-a model of menopause-and found that the dysfunction was related to dry skin. However, the mechanism of the itch remains unknown. Therefore, we examined touch- and pruritogen-evoked alloknesis and epidermal innervation in OVX mice and acetone, diethyl ether and water (AEW)-treated mice, for the experimental dry skin model. Both alloknesis and epidermal innervation were comparable in OVX and AEW mice. Neutralizing antibodies against IL-4 and IL-13 inhibited alloknesis in both OVX and AEW mice as early as 30 min after intradermal administration. Comparable values close to the measurement limit of IL-4 were found in the skin of HRT and Sham mice as well as AEW and the control mice, but the levels of IL-4 were within the measurement limit in OVX mice. We could not detect mRNAs of IL-4 or IL-13 in any groups of mice. On the other hand, the number of eosinophils and basophils was increased in OVX and AEW mice. These results suggest that impaired barrier function in cooperation with type 2 cytokines derived from eosinophils and basophils in the skin or with endogenous type 2 cytokine may trigger the development of alloknesis, and thus, these cytokines could be a therapeutic target for sensitive skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Ichimasu
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kobayashi
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - So Suzuki
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Sakiko Chikazawa
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Sakiko Shimura
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Kazumoto Katagiri
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan
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17
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Schiffers C, Lundblad LKA, Hristova M, Habibovic A, Dustin CM, Daphtary N, Aliyeva M, Seward DJ, Janssen-Heininger YMW, Wouters EFM, Reynaert NL, van der Vliet A. Downregulation of DUOX1 function contributes to aging-related impairment of innate airway injury responses and accelerated senile emphysema. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L144-L158. [PMID: 33951398 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00021.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a gradual loss of lung function due to increased cellular senescence, decreased regenerative capacity, and impaired innate host defense. One important aspect of innate airway epithelial host defense to nonmicrobial triggers is the secretion of alarmins such as IL-33 and activation of type 2 inflammation, which were previously found to depend on activation of the NADPH oxidase (NOX) homolog DUOX1, and redox-dependent signaling pathways that promote alarmin secretion. Here, we demonstrate that normal aging of C57BL/6J mice resulted in markedly decreased lung innate epithelial type 2 responses to exogenous triggers such as the airborne allergen Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, which was associated with marked downregulation of DUOX1, as well as DUOX1-mediated redox-dependent signaling. DUOX1 deficiency was also found to accelerate age-related airspace enlargement and decline in lung function but did not consistently affect other features of lung aging such as senescence-associated inflammation. Intriguingly, observations of age-related DUOX1 downregulation and enhanced airspace enlargement due to DUOX1 deficiency in C57BL/6J mice, which lack a functional mitochondrial nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT), were much less dramatic in C57BL/6NJ mice with normal NNT function, although the latter mice also displayed impaired innate epithelial injury responses with advancing age. Overall, our findings indicate a marked aging-dependent decline in (DUOX1-dependent) innate airway injury responses to external nonmicrobial triggers, but the impact of aging on DUOX1 downregulation and its significance for age-related senile emphysema development was variable between different C57BL6 substrains, possibly related to metabolic alterations due to differences in NNT function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caspar Schiffers
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lennart K A Lundblad
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Milena Hristova
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Aida Habibovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Christopher M Dustin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Nirav Daphtary
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Minara Aliyeva
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - David J Seward
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Yvonne M W Janssen-Heininger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Emiel F M Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Ludwig Boltzman Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
| | - Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert van der Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
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18
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Fukuda K. [PATHOGENESIS AND FUTURE TREATMENT OF SEVERE OCULAR ALLERGIC DISEASES]. Arerugi 2021; 70:171-177. [PMID: 34011771 DOI: 10.15036/arerugi.70.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Fukuda
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University
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19
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Ogasawara N, Poposki JA, Klingler AI, Tan BK, Hulse KE, Stevens WW, Peters AT, Grammer LC, Welch KC, Smith SS, Conley DB, Takano KI, Himi T, Kern RC, Schleimer RP, Kato A. TNF induces production of type 2 cytokines in human group 2 innate lymphoid cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 145:437-440.e8. [PMID: 31526804 PMCID: PMC6949387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
TNF receptor II is expressed on ILC2s and TNF is able to induce production of type 2 cytokines in human ILC2s. TNF may play a role in causing or amplifying type 2 immunity contributing to health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Ogasawara
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otolaryngology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Julie A Poposki
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Aiko I Klingler
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Bruce K Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Kathryn E Hulse
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Whitney W Stevens
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Anju T Peters
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Leslie C Grammer
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Kevin C Welch
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Stephanie S Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - David B Conley
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Ken-Ichi Takano
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Himi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Robert C Kern
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Robert P Schleimer
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill.
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20
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Schneider C, Lee J, Koga S, Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Nussbaum JC, Smith LK, Villeda SA, Liang HE, Locksley RM. Tissue-Resident Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Differentiate by Layered Ontogeny and In Situ Perinatal Priming. Immunity 2019; 50:1425-1438.e5. [PMID: 31128962 PMCID: PMC6645687 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The perinatal period is a critical window for distribution of innate tissue-resident immune cells within developing organs. Despite epidemiologic evidence implicating the early-life environment in the risk for allergy, temporally controlled lineage tracing of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) during this period remains unstudied. Using complementary fate-mapping approaches and reporters for ILC2 activation, we show that ILC2s appeared in multiple organs during late gestation like tissue macrophages, but, unlike the latter, a majority of peripheral ILC2 pools were generated de novo during the postnatal window. This period was accompanied by systemic ILC2 priming and acquisition of tissue-specific transcriptomes. Although perinatal ILC2s were variably replaced across tissues with age, the dramatic increases in tissue ILC2s following helminth infection were mediated through local expansion independent of de novo generation by bone marrow hematopoiesis. We provide comprehensive temporally controlled fate mapping of an innate lymphocyte subset with notable nuances as compared to tissue macrophage ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schneider
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jinwoo Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Satoshi Koga
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | - Jesse C Nussbaum
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Lucas K Smith
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Saul A Villeda
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Hong-Erh Liang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Richard M Locksley
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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21
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Kanter JE, Goodspeed L, Wang S, Kramer F, Wietecha T, Gomes-Kjerulf D, Subramanian S, O'Brien KD, den Hartigh LJ. 10,12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid-Driven Weight Loss Is Protective against Atherosclerosis in Mice and Is Associated with Alternative Macrophage Enrichment in Perivascular Adipose Tissue. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101416. [PMID: 30282904 PMCID: PMC6213611 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The dietary fatty acid 10,12 conjugated linoleic acid (10,12 CLA) promotes weight loss by increasing fat oxidation, but its effects on atherosclerosis are less clear. We recently showed that weight loss induced by 10,12 CLA in an atherosclerosis-susceptible mouse model with characteristics similar to human metabolic syndrome is accompanied by accumulation of alternatively activated macrophages within subcutaneous adipose tissue. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether 10,12 CLA-mediated weight loss was associated with an atheroprotective phenotype. Male low-density lipoprotein receptor deficient (Ldlr−/−) mice were made obese with 12 weeks of a high-fat, high-sucrose diet feeding (HFHS: 36% fat, 36% sucrose, 0.15% added cholesterol), then either continued on the HFHS diet with or without caloric restriction (CR), or switched to a diet with 1% of the lard replaced by either 9,11 CLA or 10,12 CLA for 8 weeks. Atherosclerosis and lipid levels were quantified at sacrifice. Weight loss in mice following 10,12 CLA supplementation or CR as a weight-matched control group had improved cholesterol and triglyceride levels, yet only the 10,12 CLA-treated mice had improved en face and aortic sinus atherosclerosis. 10,12 CLA-supplemented mice had increased lesion macrophage content, with enrichment of surrounding perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) alternative macrophages, which may contribute to the anti-atherosclerotic effect of 10,12 CLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny E Kanter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Box 358062, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Leela Goodspeed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Box 358062, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Shari Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Box 358062, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Farah Kramer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Box 358062, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Tomasz Wietecha
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Box 358062, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, University of Washington, Box 356422, 1959 Pacific Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Diego Gomes-Kjerulf
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Box 358062, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Savitha Subramanian
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Box 358062, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Kevin D O'Brien
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Box 358062, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, University of Washington, Box 356422, 1959 Pacific Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Laura J den Hartigh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Box 358062, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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22
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Abstract
Helminth infections represent a significant public health concern resulting in devastating morbidity and economic consequences across the globe. Helminths migrate through mucosal sites causing tissue damage and the induction of type 2 immune responses. Antihelminth protection relies on the mobilization and activation of multiple immune cells, including type 2 innate lymphocytes (ILC2s), basophils, mast cells, macrophages, and hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Further, epithelial cells and neurons have been recognized as important regulators of type 2 immunity. Collectively, these pathways stimulate host-protective responses necessary for worm expulsion and the healing of affected tissues. In this review we focus on the innate immune pathways that regulate immunity to helminth parasites and describe how better understanding of these pathways may lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Inclan-Rico
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Mark C Siracusa
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA.
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23
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Huang YC, Weng CM, Lee MJ, Lin SM, Wang CH, Kuo HP. Endotypes of severe allergic asthma patients who clinically benefit from anti-IgE therapy. Clin Exp Allergy 2018; 49:44-53. [PMID: 30107059 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omalizumab, a recombinant monoclonal anti-IgE antibody, was developed for the treatment of severe allergic asthma. Not all these patients respond to omalizumab. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate whether the proinflammatory cytokine profiles in the severe allergic asthma patients were different between who responded and nonresponded to omalizumab therapy. METHODS A prospective study was conducted to examine type 2 cytokines and epithelium-derived cytokines in the bronchial tissues by immunohistochemistry, Western blot and PCR analysis among patients with severe allergic asthma before and after omalizumab therapy. RESULTS Fourteen of 23 patients with unstable severe allergic asthma improved their asthma control after 4 months of omalizumab treatment (Responders), while nine failed to improve (Non-Responders). Most of Responders were type 2-high endotype (12/14) with upregulated expression of IL-33, IL-25 and TSLP in their bronchial tissues, while most of Non-Responders were type 2-low endotype (8/9). Repeated bronchoscopic biopsy was done in nine responders after omalizumab treatment and showed a decline in IL-13, IL-33, IL-25 and TSLP expression in the bronchial tissues. Among 14 Responders who continued omalizuamb treatments to a total 12 months, six patients achieved a well control of asthma (ACT ≥ 23), while eight patients required additional treatment for asthma symptoms and had more rhinosinusitis comorbidities and a mixed eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation in their bronchial tissues. CONCLUSION Most of the severe allergic asthma patients who benefited from omalizumab treatment were IL-33, IL-25 and TSLP aggravated type 2-high endotype. Rhinosinusitis or with a mixed eosinophilic and neutrophilic airway inflammation should be evaluated in patients who partially responded to omalizumab treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Huang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Weng
- College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Jung Lee
- College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Min Lin
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hua Wang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Pin Kuo
- College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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24
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Oetjen LK, Mack MR, Feng J, Whelan TM, Niu H, Guo CJ, Chen S, Trier AM, Xu AZ, Tripathi SV, Luo J, Gao X, Yang L, Hamilton SL, Wang PL, Brestoff JR, Council ML, Brasington R, Schaffer A, Brombacher F, Hsieh CS, Gereau RW, Miller MJ, Chen ZF, Hu H, Davidson S, Liu Q, Kim BS. Sensory Neurons Co-opt Classical Immune Signaling Pathways to Mediate Chronic Itch. Cell 2017; 171:217-228.e13. [PMID: 28890086 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 595] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mammals have evolved neurophysiologic reflexes, such as coughing and scratching, to expel invading pathogens and noxious environmental stimuli. It is well established that these responses are also associated with chronic inflammatory diseases, including asthma and atopic dermatitis. However, the mechanisms by which inflammatory pathways promote sensations such as itch remain poorly understood. Here, we show that type 2 cytokines directly activate sensory neurons in both mice and humans. Further, we demonstrate that chronic itch is dependent on neuronal IL-4Rα and JAK1 signaling. We also observe that patients with recalcitrant chronic itch that failed other immunosuppressive therapies markedly improve when treated with JAK inhibitors. Thus, signaling mechanisms previously ascribed to the immune system may represent novel therapeutic targets within the nervous system. Collectively, this study reveals an evolutionarily conserved paradigm in which the sensory nervous system employs classical immune signaling pathways to influence mammalian behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon K Oetjen
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Madison R Mack
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jing Feng
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Timothy M Whelan
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Haixia Niu
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Changxiong J Guo
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sisi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Anna M Trier
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Amy Z Xu
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shivani V Tripathi
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jialie Luo
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Xiaofei Gao
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Lihua Yang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Samantha L Hamilton
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Peter L Wang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jonathan R Brestoff
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - M Laurin Council
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Richard Brasington
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - András Schaffer
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Frank Brombacher
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa
| | - Chyi-Song Hsieh
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Robert W Gereau
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mark J Miller
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Zhou-Feng Chen
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Hongzhen Hu
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Steve Davidson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Qin Liu
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Brian S Kim
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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25
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Han X, Chai R, Qi F, Bai S, Cui Y, Teng Y, Liu B. Natural helper cells mediate respiratory syncytial virus-induced airway inflammation by producing type 2 cytokines in an IL-33-dependent manner. Immunotherapy 2017; 9:715-722. [PMID: 28771101 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2017-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Type 2 cytokine production during respiratory virus infection is considered to be linked with asthma exacerbation. As potent Th2 cytokine producers, natural helper (NH) cells play a key role in influenza virus-induced airway hyper-responsiveness. However, it is unclear whether NH cells contribute to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced airway inflammation, and how the cytokine profile in NH cells is changed during RSV infection. METHODS BALB/c mice were infected intranasally with RSV. The number of NH cells in lungs was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of cytokine mRNAs was performed by real-time RT-PCR. Cytokines levels were determined by ELISA. RESULTS Following intranasal infection with RSV, BALB/c mice showed an increase in the expression of mRNAs for Th2-like cytokines in NH cells. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of pulmonary NH cells resulted in a massive infiltration of mononuclear cells, in particular eosinophils and neutrophils in lungs, in parallel with an augmented production of Th2-associated cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids, providing convincing evidence that NH cells contribute to RSV-induced lung pathogenesis by producing type 2 cytokines. It should be noted that blocking IL-33 with antibody can diminish the absolute number of pulmonary NH cells and the relative expression of mRNAs for type 2 cytokines in pulmonary NH cells, suggesting that IL-33 is necessary for activating Th2-type NH cells. CONCLUSION These results reveal that pulmonary NH cells might participate in RSV-induced airway inflammation by producing large quality of type 2 cytokines in an IL-33-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Ruonan Chai
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Feifei Qi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Song Bai
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yulin Cui
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yuee Teng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Beixing Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
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26
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Kalogerakou F, Albanidou-Farmaki E, Markopoulos AK, Antoniades DZ. Detection of T cells secreting type 1 and type 2 cytokines in the peripheral blood of patients with oral lichen planus. Hippokratia 2008; 12:230-235. [PMID: 19158967 PMCID: PMC2580045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to detect and enumerate T cells secreting type 1 and 2 cytokines in the peripheral blood of patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and in healthy controls. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study group consisted of 80 OLP patients and 80 healthy individuals. Cytokine secreting T cells were detected using ELISPOT assay. RESULTS There was a statistically significant decrease (p<0.05) in the number of IFN- and IL-12 secreting cells in the peripheral blood of patients with OLP compared to the controls. No statistical difference was observed in the number of IL-2 and TNF-a secreting cells between OLP patients and controls (p>0.05). Also there was no significant difference in the numbers of IFN-gamma, IL-12, IL-2 and TNF-a secreting cells between reticular and erosive forms of OLP (p>0.05). As regards type 2 cytokines, the number of IL-5 and IL-10 secreting cells was significantly decreased in OLP patients compared to the healthy control group (p<0.05). No statistical difference was observed in the number of IL-6 secreting cells between OLP patients and control group (p>0.05). Similarly, no statistical difference was observed in the number of IL-4 secreting cells between OLP patients and controls (p>0.05). No significant difference was also found in the numbers of IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 and IL-6 secreting cells between reticular and erosive OLP group. CONCLUSION These data suggest decreased type 1 and type 2 cytokine production (except IL-4) in OLP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kalogerakou
- Department of Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
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