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Pereira DS, Florêncio RS, Cestari VRF, Moreira TMM. Vulnerability to physical inactivity: evidence of content validity and response processes. Rev Bras Enferm 2023; 76Suppl 2:e20220563. [PMID: 38558030 PMCID: PMC10642005 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze content validity evidence and response processes of a bank of items for measuring vulnerability to physical inactivity in adults. METHOD Methodological study, with 13 specialists and 46 representatives of the target population. The Content Validity Index (CVI) and binomial test were calculated; data obtained through validity based on response processes were collected through interviews. RESULTS Of the 105 constructed items, 16 were excluded (CVI<0.78); 89 items showed agreement <80% in the psychometric criteria, being modified. Of the 101 items that remained (CVI>0.78), 34 were changed and 4 were deleted after evaluating the evidence of response processes. In the end, 97 items remained, with a global CVI of 0.92, organized into two dimensions: Subject (CVI=0.91) and Social (CVI=0.94). CONCLUSION The items presented adequate parameters and evidence of validity; and can subsidize the construction of instruments that consider the subject's and social vulnerability in understanding physical inactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Déborah Santana Pereira
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará. Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Lobo BHDSDC, Santos GDS, Porcino C, Mota TN, Machuca-Contreras FA, de Oliveira JF, Carvalho ESDS, de Sousa AR. Transphobia as a social disease: discourses of vulnerabilities in trans men and transmasculine people. Rev Bras Enferm 2023; 76Suppl 2:e20220183. [PMID: 38558029 PMCID: PMC10642006 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to analyze the repercussions of transphobia on trans men's and transmasculine people's health. METHOD a qualitative study carried out with 38 participants, 35 trans men and three trans men, who attended specialized transgender health services in Bahia, Brazil. In-depth interviews were carried out between June 2019 and February 2020. The Discourse of Collective Subject technique was used and interpretation based on the theoretical concept of transphobia. RESULTS transphobia has intra and interpersonal repercussions on the life and health of trans men and transmasculine people who attend health services. There were experiences of violence in the private space, fraying of family ties; discrimination in the school space; limitation in professional/work opportunities; barriers to self-care and access to health services; elaboration of trans identity protection strategies; consequences of transphobia on psycho-emotional health. CONCLUSION transphobia is a social disease that affects different life and health dimensions. It causes damage to the socialization of trans men and transmasculine people, in addition to health service spaces as well as in family environments, schools, universities and at work, which result in non-adherence to self-care, distancing from health services and psycho-emotional distress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carle Porcino
- Universidade Federal da Bahia. Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Gehlen RGS, Langendorf TF, Vieira LB, Padoin SMDM. Vulnerabilities of Venezuelan refugee women: violence and intersectional social relations. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2023; 57:e20220430. [PMID: 37890163 PMCID: PMC10611420 DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2022-0430en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the vulnerabilities of Venezuelan women considering their experiences of violence in refugee situations. METHOD Qualitative study, developed with ten (10) Venezuelan refugee women in the southern region of Brazil, through individual in-depth interviews. The theoretical framework of analysis was Vulnerability, Human Rights, and Intersectionality. RESULTS The greater the intensity of the intersection of social markers present, such as sex, racial, nationality, generation, cultural, bodily, territorial and other relations, the greater the range of vulnerable experiences in the social relations of these women, producing exclusions and violation of rights. CONCLUSION The situations of vulnerabilities of refugee women are enhanced as more or less social markers intersect in their life experiences and established social relationships, causing impacts that allow the transition from 'vulnerable to violated subjects'. Thus, intersectional relationships were formed, either promoting oppression or producing resilience and resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tassiane Ferreira Langendorf
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Departamento de Enfermagem. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia Becker Vieira
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Escola de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós Graduação em Enfermagem, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Stela Maris de Mello Padoin
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Departamento de Enfermagem. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Ribeiro AC, Ianzer FRM, Siqueira FD, Neves ET, de Souza NS, Barreto CN, Senhem GD, Bugs CVM. Vulnerability in adolescents' daily life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2023; 57:e20230100. [PMID: 37882696 PMCID: PMC10601891 DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2023-0100en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To know the vulnerability in adolescents' daily life during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD Qualitative research carried out with 25 adolescents from a public school in a municipality in southern Brazil in the second half of 2021 through individual semi-structured interviews. Data were submitted to thematic content analysis and interpreted with the vulnerability theoretical framework. RESULTS These adolescents' daily lives during the COVID-19 pandemic presented difficulties in keeping family members working, changing habits and routines, accessing classes, the internet and increasing intra-family violence. CONCLUSION Vulnerability in adolescents' daily life during the pandemic can be identified as the absence of interaction in the school context and access to learning resources, reflecting on individual and social vulnerability. Unemployment and possible access to other sources of income have an impact on programmatic vulnerability. Reflection on practices in the context of health and school is suggested, based on the vulnerability identified in adolescents' daily lives during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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da Silva FAJ, Peres AM, Lourenço RG, de Souza MAR, Figueiredo KC, de Camargo CL. Primary Healthcare of black immigrants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2023; 57:e20220441. [PMID: 37738308 PMCID: PMC10634244 DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2022-0441en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze how the healthcare of black immigrants was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic in Primary Healthcare. METHOD An exploratory-descriptive study with a qualitative approach, carried out through semi-structured interviews with professionals who worked in 10 Health Units in the city of Curitiba, Brazil, from October 2020 to January 2021. Structural racism was the conceptual framework. The statements were submitted to content analysis after using the MAXQDA program as support. RESULTS A total of 21 professionals from the multidisciplinary team participated and three categories emerged from the analyzes: Healthcare for black immigrants in PHC during the Covid-19 pandemic; Limits and potentialities of PHC for healthcare for black immigrants; Structural racism in PHC practices aimed at black immigrants. CONCLUSION Action in the pandemic was guided by protocols that did not expand healthcare to vulnerable populations, including black immigrants. The main barrier was communication, as most black immigrants in the surveyed locations were Haitians. Structural racism was identified in professional practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aida Maris Peres
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Climene Laura de Camargo
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Escola de Enfermagem, Departamento de Enfermagem, Salvador, BA, Brazil
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Mendes LMC, Barbosa NG, Carbogim FDC, Ribeiro DK, Silva ÂME, Pinheiro AKB, Gomes-Sponholz FA. Vulnerabilities to illnesses in women living on the border of the Guiana Shield mines. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2023; 57:e20230010. [PMID: 37656989 PMCID: PMC10478830 DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2023-0010en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the the vulnerabilities to illnesses in women living on the border of the Guiana Shield mines: Brazil, French Guiana, and Suriname. METHOD Descriptive, exploratory field study with a qualitative approach. Data collection took place with 19 women who were living in the mining context, in April 2018. The interviews were recorded and transcribed in full and subsequently analyzed in the light of the concept of vulnerability. RESULTS Women aged between 30 and 39 years, predominantly black and brown, on a common-law marriage, multiparous, of low level of education, and with work activities related to mining. Three empirical categories emerged: Exposure to environmental and life conditions in the mines: vulnerabilities to illnesses in women; Sexual and reproductive health in the context of borders: the invisibility between legality and illegality; Gendered facets of violence in the mines on the border of the Guiana Shield. CONCLUSION Vulnerability is marked in the three dimensions of the concept: in the difficult access to health services, in the discontinued treatment, and in the disparity in health policies within countries, which are important aspects of vulnerability and health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Maria Carvalho Mendes
- Universidade de São Paulo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem
em Saúde Pública, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Nayara Gonçalves Barbosa
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Faculdade de Enfermagem,
Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-infantil e Saúde Pública, Juiz de Fora, MG,
Brasil
| | - Fábio da Costa Carbogim
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Faculdade de Enfermagem,
Departamento de Enfermagem Aplicada, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| | - Daniele Knopp Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Programa de Pós-Graduação em
Saúde Coletiva, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| | - Ângela Maria e Silva
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Enfermagem Anna
Nery, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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de Jezus SV, Sales CMM, Rissino SDD, Mocelin HJS, Araújo MPDS, Arcêncio RA, Araújo VMS, Terena NDFM, Freitas PDSS, Maciel ELN. Prevalence of tuberculosis, COVID-19, chronic conditions and vulnerabilities among migrants and refugees: an electronic survey. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2023; 31:e3690. [PMID: 36790278 PMCID: PMC10586797 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.5928.3690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to analyze the prevalence of tuberculosis, coronavirus, chronic conditions and vulnerabilities among migrants and refugees in Brazil. METHOD this is a cross-sectional study of the electronic survey type conducted with international migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive statistics was applied for the analysis, with calculation of position and dispersion measures. Regarding the categorical variables, relative and absolute frequencies were estimated. RESULTS the study participants were 553 migrants and refugees, verifying 3.07%, 7.2% and 27.3% prevalence of tuberculosis, COVID-19 and chronic conditions, respectively. Among the vulnerabilities, 32% reported unemployment, 37.6% moved to Brazil as a result of the social situation in their countries and 33.6% were living as refugees or sheltered people. CONCLUSION tuberculosis, chronic diseases and COVID-19 presented higher prevalence values in migrants and refugees than in the general population. As this is a population group that still has significant difficulty accessing health services and social protection systems, based on diverse evidence, the study will subsidize public policies, Nursing care and the incorporation of new routines in the service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Vivian de Jezus
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Silvia das Dores Rissino
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo (CEUNES), São Mateus, ES, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ricardo Alexandre Arcêncio
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Vania Maria Silva Araújo
- Rede Brasileira de Pesquisas em Tuberculose REDE-TB, Parque Tecnológico da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ethel Leonor Noia Maciel
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Vitória, ES, Brazil
- Rede Brasileira de Pesquisas em Tuberculose REDE-TB, Parque Tecnológico da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Cestari VRF, Borges JWP, Florêncio RS, Garces TS, Pessoa VLMDP, Moreira TMM. Structure internal of the dimension Human Person of the Questionnaire of Health Vulnerability in Heart Failure. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2022; 56:e20220117. [PMID: 36541417 PMCID: PMC10111379 DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2022-0117en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to analyze the evidence of validity of the internal structure of the dimension Human Person of the Questionnaire of Health Vulnerability in Heart Failure. METHOD psychometric study with 1,008 people with heart failure, in a tertiary healthcare institution located in Northeastern Brazil. The internal structure was assessed by exploratory factor analysis with a polychoric correlation matrix, followed by confirmatory factor analysis to verify the quality of the model fit. Internal consistency was measured by composite reliability (CR) and McDonald's omega (ω). RESULTS psychometric parameters revealed 22-item model, distributed in five factors, total explained variance of 64.9%, factor loadings (0.38 to 0.97) and adequate communalities (0.20 ≤ h2 ≤ 0.98) and acceptable indicators of precision (0.79 ≤ ORION ≤ 0.98), representativeness (0.89 ≤ FDI ≤ 0.99), sensitivity (1.92 ≤ SR ≤ 7.07), factor expectancy (88.3% ≤ EPTD ≤ 97.9%), replicability (0.82 ≤ H-latent ≤ 0.97; 0.81 ≤ H-observed ≤ 0.87) and reliability (CR = 0.92 and ω = 0.83). Adequate adjustment quality was achieved (TLI = 0.99; CFI = 0.99; GFI = 0.99; RMSEA = 0.04 and RMSR = 0.04). CONCLUSION We obtained an instrument with good evidence of internal structure validity for construct measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virna Ribeiro Feitosa Cestari
- Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cuidados Clínicos em Enfermagem e Saúde, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Sampaio Florêncio
- Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cuidados Clínicos em Enfermagem e Saúde, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Thiago Santos Garces
- Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cuidados Clínicos em Enfermagem e Saúde, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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de Oliveira TMF, Ferreira HLOC, de Freitas VCA, Lima FDSS, Vasconcelos FX, da Costa N, Pinheiro AKB. Vulnerabilities associated with violence against women before entering the prison system. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2022; 56:e20220167. [PMID: 36197029 PMCID: PMC10085637 DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2022-0167en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to analyze the individual and social vulnerabilities of women deprived of their liberty for violence suffered before entering the prison system. METHOD an analytical crosssectional study, carried out with 272 inmates of a female prison unit, in the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza, Ceará. We applied two instruments: a form to analyze sociodemographic information and the violence suffered prior to entering the prison and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), which analyzed the history of psychoactive substance use. RESULTS 44.5% of women suffered violence. Most of the total sample was between 18 and 29 years old, with children, low education and income, early onset of sexual life and history of illicit drug use. Age between 18 and 29 years proved to be a protective factor against violence (OR = 0.632). Cocaine and crack use (p =0.002), amphetamines and ecstasy (p =0.018) increase the chance of violence by 2.2 to 3.3 times. CONCLUSION aspects of the individual and social dimensions of vulnerability are associated with the occurrence of violence in women in the female prison system. Effective strategies need to be designed based on vulnerabilities to prevent violence against women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vívien Cunha Alves de Freitas
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Fabiane da Silva Severino Lima
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Flávia Ximenes Vasconcelos
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Nicolau da Costa
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ana Karina Bezerra Pinheiro
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Duarte-Gómez MB, Cuadra-Hernández SM, Ruiz-Rodríguez M, Arredondo A, Cortés-Gil JD. Challenges of health services related to the population displaced by violence in Mexico. Rev Saude Publica 2018; 52:77. [PMID: 30066814 PMCID: PMC6063640 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2018052017094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the impacts of the care to the population displaced by violence on the health system and the challenges that this entails. METHODS This is a narrative review of the national and international literature in PubMed, SciELO, WHO/PAHO, and Bireme. Inclusion criteria were date of publication (from 2000), relation with the subject, and language (Spanish or English). We found 292 documents, of which 91 met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS The main challenges are the intersectoral, participatory, and integral approach (with emphasis on mental health and sexual and reproductive health), ensured accessibility to health services, the need for a reliable registration and information system of the population displaced by violence and its characteristics, and the addressing of the biopsychosocial problems of the different groups, especially women, persons with disabilities or infectious diseases, adolescents, children, ethnic minorities, older adults and the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, and intersexual population. CONCLUSIONS The lack of political will to accept and see the internal displacement by violence and its importance as a humanitarian and public health problem is an obstacle to the adequate and timely care of the population displaced by violence in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Beatriz Duarte-Gómez
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Centro de Investigación en Sistemas de Salud. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | | | - Myriam Ruiz-Rodríguez
- Universidad Industrial de Santander. Escuela de Medicina. Departamento de Salud Pública. Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Armando Arredondo
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Centro de Investigación en Sistemas de Salud. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Jesús David Cortés-Gil
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia. Pelotas, RS, Brasil
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Gómez-Restrepo C, Rincón CJ, Medina-Rico M. [Chronic diseases in the population affected by the armed conflict in Colombia, 2015]. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2018; 41:e144. [PMID: 29466525 PMCID: PMC6660899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to identify the most frequent non-mental chronic illnesses in the Colombian population affected by the armed conflict. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study using data from the National Mental Health Survey 2015. The study population was stratified by sex and age and other general data were extracted, including education and poverty level, measured by the Multidimensional Poverty Index. Data analysis was based on information from people who reported having been victims of the Colombian armed conflict at some time in their lives; the frequency of presentation of non-mental chronic illnesses was reported as a measure of indirect relative risk. RESULTS Information on 10,764 people over 18 years of age was described, this being a representative sample at the national level. It was found that 10.4% of subjects affected by the armed conflict have a high educational level (technical school or university), and that 43.6% are living in conditions of poverty or vulnerability. The non-mental chronic illnesses identified were: hypertension 20.4% (CI95%: 15.7-26.1); diabetes 6.7% (CI95%: 4.4-10.3); rheumatologic diseases 10.4% (CI95%: 7.1-14.9); gastrointestinal diseases 19.1% (CI95%: 14.5-24.7); and chronic pain 6.9% (CI95%: 4.2-11). CONCLUSIONS The population affected by the armed conflict is apparently at greater risk of presenting non-mental chronic illnesses such as hypertension and diabetes, which shows the vulnerability of these communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gómez-Restrepo
- Pontificia Universidad JaverianaPontificia Universidad JaverianaBogotáColombiaPontificia Universidad Javeriana. Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Carlos Javier Rincón
- Pontificia Universidad JaverianaPontificia Universidad JaverianaBogotáColombiaPontificia Universidad Javeriana. Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Mauricio Medina-Rico
- Pontificia Universidad JaverianaPontificia Universidad JaverianaBogotáColombiaPontificia Universidad Javeriana. Bogotá, Colombia.
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