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Akram AN, Zhang C. Extraction of collagen-II with pepsin and ultrasound treatment from chicken sternal cartilage; physicochemical and functional properties. Ultrason Sonochem 2020; 64:105053. [PMID: 32173183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A simple and green approach was developed to extract the pepsin soluble collagen-II using the ultra-sonication treatment that significantly increased the extracted yield from chicken sternal cartilage (CSC). The pretreatment of raw CSC had positive effects on proximate composition. The maximum yield of pepsin soluble collagen was obtained by ultrasound treatment time 36 min (UPSCII36; 3.37 g) as compared to non-ultrasound treated pepsin soluble collagen at zero minutes (UPSCII0; 1.73 g) (control). The amino acid profile, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of UPSC were significantly (p < 0.05) improved by the application of ultrasound. The results showed the secondary structure of ultrasound treated PSC-II was partially altered as the ultra-sonication time prolonged. Moreover, ultrasound-treated collagen had superior functional properties such as water, oil absorption capacity, water holding capacity, foaming and emulsifying properties than non-ultrasound treated collagen. The poultry by-products CSC would be a potential source of land animal collagen-II. The utilization of ultrasound for the extraction of pepsin soluble collagen-II is a good alternative technology to expand the application of collagen at industrial level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Noreen Akram
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Chunhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Maity PP, Dutta D, Ganguly S, Kapat K, Dixit K, Chowdhury AR, Samanta R, Das NC, Datta P, Das AK, Dhara S. Isolation and mass spectrometry based hydroxyproline mapping of type II collagen derived from Capra hircus ear cartilage. Commun Biol 2019; 2:146. [PMID: 31044171 PMCID: PMC6488623 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0394-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen II (COLII), the most abundant protein in vertebrates, helps maintain the structural and functional integrity of cartilage. Delivery of COLII from animal sources could improve cartilage regeneration therapies. Here we show that COLII can be purified from the Capra ear cartilage, a commonly available bio-waste product, with a high yield. MALDI-MS/MS analysis evidenced post-translational modifications of the signature triplet, Glycine-Proline-Hydroxyproline (G-P-Hyp), in alpha chain of isolated COLII (COLIIA1). Additionally, thirty-two peptides containing 59 Hyp residues and a few G-X-Y triplets with positional alterations of Hyp in COLIIA1 are also identified. Furthermore, we show that an injectable hydrogel formulation containing the isolated COLII facilitates chondrogenic differentiation towards cartilage regeneration. These findings show that COLII can be isolated from Capra ear cartilage and that positional alteration of Hyp in its structural motif, as detected by newly developed mass spectrometric method, might be an early marker of cartilage disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Prasanna Maity
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302 India
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, 711103 India
| | - Debabrata Dutta
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302 India
| | - Sayan Ganguly
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302 India
| | - Kausik Kapat
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302 India
| | - Krishna Dixit
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302 India
| | - Amit Roy Chowdhury
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, 711103 India
| | - Ramapati Samanta
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302 India
| | - Narayan Chandra Das
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302 India
| | - Pallab Datta
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, 711103 India
| | - Amit Kumar Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302 India
| | - Santanu Dhara
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302 India
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Meng D, Tanaka H, Kobayashi T, Hatayama H, Zhang X, Ura K, Yunoki S, Takagi Y. The effect of alkaline pretreatment on the biochemical characteristics and fibril-forming abilities of types I and II collagen extracted from bester sturgeon by-products. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 131:572-580. [PMID: 30880060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-mammalian collagens have attracted increasing attention for industrial and biomedical use. We have therefore evaluated extraction conditions and the biochemical properties of collagens from aquacultured sturgeon. Pepsin-soluble type I and type II collagen were respectively extracted from the skin and notochord of bester sturgeon by-products, with yields of 63.9 ± 0.19% and 35.5 ± 0.68%. Collagen extraction efficiency was improved by an alkaline pretreatment of the skin and notochord (fewer extraction cycles were required), but the final yields decreased to 56.2 ± 0.84% for type I and 31.8 ± 1.13% for type II. Alkaline pretreatment did not affect the thermal stability or triple-helical structure of both types of collagen. Types I and II collagen formed re-assembled fibril structures in vitro, under different conditions. Alkaline pretreatment slowed down the formation of type I collagen fibrils and specifically inhibited the formation of thick fibril-bundle structures. In contrast, alkaline pretreatment did not change type II collagen fibril formation. In conclusion, alkaline pretreatment of sturgeon skin and notochord is an effective method to accelerate collagen extraction process of types I and II collagen without changing their biochemical properties. However, it decreases the yield of both collagens and specifically changes the fibril-forming ability of type I collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Meng
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Taishi Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Hirosuke Hatayama
- Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan.
| | - Xi Zhang
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan; College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Kazuhiro Ura
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Shunji Yunoki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan.
| | - Yasuaki Takagi
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous collagen is an ideal soft tissue filler and may serve as a matrix for stem cell implantation and growth. Procurement of autologous collagen has been limited, though, secondary to a sufficient source. Liposuction is a widely performed and could be a source of autologous collagen. OBJECTIVES The amount of collagen and its composition in liposuctioned fat remains unknown. The purpose of this research was to characterize an adipose-derived tissue-based product created using ultrasonic cavitation and cryo-grinding. This study evaluated the cellular and protein composition of the final product. METHODS Fat was obtained from individuals undergoing routine liposuction and was processed by a 2 step process to obtain only the connective tissue. The tissue was then evaluated by scanning electronic microscope, Western blot analysis, and flow cytometry. RESULTS Liposuctioned fat was obtained from 10 individuals with an average of 298 mL per subject. After processing an average of 1 mL of collagen matrix was obtained from each 100 mL of fat. Significant viable cell markers were present in descending order for adipocytes > CD90+ > CD105+ > CD45+ > CD19+ > CD144+ > CD34+. Western blot analysis showed collagen type II, III, IV, and other proteins. Scanning electronic microscope study showed a regular pattern of cross-linked, helical collagen. Additionally, vital staing demonstrated that the cells were still viable after processing. CONCLUSIONS Collagen and cells can be easily obtained from liposuctioned fat by ultrasonic separation without alteration of the overall cellular composition of the tissue. Implantation results in new collagen and cellular growth. Collagen matrix with viable cells for autologous use can be obtained from liposuctioned fat and may provide long term results. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 5.
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Liu Z, Zhou J, Gu L, Deng D. Significant impact of amount of PCR input templates on various PCR-based DNA methylation analysis and countermeasure. Oncotarget 2016; 7:56447-56455. [PMID: 27487147 PMCID: PMC5302926 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylation changes of CpG islands can be determined using PCR-based assays. However, the exact impact of the amount of input templates (TAIT) on DNA methylation analysis has not been previously recognized. Using COL2A1 gene as an input reference, TAIT difference between human tissues with methylation-positive and -negative detection was calculated for two representative genes GFRA1 and P16. Results revealed that TAIT in GFRA1 methylation-positive frozen samples (n = 332) was significantly higher than the methylation-negative ones (n = 44) (P < 0.001). Similar difference was found in P16 methylation analysis. The TAIT-related effect was also observed in methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and denatured high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) analysis. Further study showed that the minimum TAIT for a successful MethyLight PCR reaction should be ≥ 9.4 ng (CtCOL2A1 ≤ 29.3), when the cutoff value of the methylated-GFRA1 proportion for methylation-positive detection was set at 1.6%. After TAIT of the methylation non-informative frozen samples (n = 94; CtCOL2A1 > 29.3) was increased above the minimum TAIT, the methylation-positive rate increased from 72.3% to 95.7% for GFRA1 and 26.6% to 54.3% for P16, respectively (Ps < 0.001). Similar results were observed in the FFPE samples. In conclusion, TAIT critically affects results of various PCR-based DNA methylation analyses. Characterization of the minimum TAIT for target CpG islands is essential to avoid false-negative results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Etiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Etiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Liankun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Etiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Dajun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Etiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
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Jeevithan E, Bao B, Bu Y, Zhou Y, Zhao Q, Wu W. Type II collagen and gelatin from silvertip shark (Carcharhinus albimarginatus) cartilage: isolation, purification, physicochemical and antioxidant properties. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:3852-73. [PMID: 24979271 PMCID: PMC4113802 DOI: 10.3390/md12073852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Type II acid soluble collagen (CIIA), pepsin soluble collagen (CIIP) and type II gelatin (GII) were isolated from silvertip shark (Carcharhinus albimarginatus) cartilage and examined for their physicochemical and antioxidant properties. GII had a higher hydroxyproline content (173 mg/g) than the collagens and cartilage. CIIA, CIIP and GII were composed of two identical α1 and β chains and were characterized as type II. Amino acid analysis of CIIA, CIIP and GII indicated imino acid contents of 150, 156 and 153 amino acid residues per 1000 residues, respectively. Differing Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of CIIA, CIIP and GII were observed, which suggested that the isolation process affected the secondary structure and molecular order of collagen, particularly the triple-helical structure. The denaturation temperature of GII (32.5 °C) was higher than that of CIIA and CIIP. The antioxidant activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals and the reducing power of CIIP was greater than that of CIIA and GII. SEM microstructure of the collagens depicted a porous, fibrillary and multi-layered structure. Accordingly, the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of type II collagens (CIIA, CIIP) and GII isolated from shark cartilage were found to be suitable for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elango Jeevithan
- Department of Marine Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Bin Bao
- Department of Marine Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Yongshi Bu
- Department of Marine Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Marine Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Qingbo Zhao
- Department of Marine Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Marine Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Gu HC, Hu JB, Ding ZS, Fan YS, Ding XH. [Extraction, purification and identification of type II collagen from Agkistrodon acutus]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2013; 38:3672-3675. [PMID: 24494552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The object of the research was to extract, purify and identify the type II collagen of Agkistrodon acutus. Type II collagen of A. acutus was extracted by enzyme decomposition method, and purified by ion exchange column chromatography. It was characterized by SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, infrared absorption spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy. The results showed that the size of C II was about 130 kDa. It absorbed at 223 nm. IR spectrum obtained showed that the triple helical domains of amino-acid sequences were characterized by the repetition of triplets Gly-X-Y. The MS spectrum graphically stated that C II extracted from cow and A. acutus have the similar peptides. The C II of A. acutus was obtained by extraction and purification. Appraisal analysis by SDS-PAGE, UV, IR and MS, C II of A. acutus was consistent with the standard C II of cow. It was proved that the extracted protein was C II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Cun Gu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jin-Bo Hu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Zhi-Shan Ding
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Fan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xing-Hong Ding
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
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Zhao W, Tong T, Wang L, Li PP, Chang Y, Zhang LL, Wei W. Chicken type II collagen induced immune tolerance of mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes by enhancing beta2-adrenergic receptor desensitization in rats with collagen-induced arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 11:12-8. [PMID: 20955833 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Revised: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Chicken type II collagen (CCII) is a protein extracted from the cartilage of chicken breast and exhibits intriguing possibilities for the treatment of autoimmune diseases by inducing oral tolerance. In this study, we investigated the effects of CCII on inflammatory and immune responses to the mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes (MLNLs) and the mechanisms by which CCII regulates beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2-AR) signal transduction in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. The onset of secondary arthritis in rats appeared around day 14 after injection of CCII emulsion. Remarkable secondary inflammatory response and lymphocytes proliferation were observed in CIA rats. The administration of CCII (10, 20, 40μgkg(-1)day(-1), days 15-22) could significantly reduce synovial hyperplasia, lymphatic follicle hyperplasia, inflammatory cells infiltration of MLNLs in CIA rats. CCII (10, 20, 40μgkg(-1)day(-1), days 15-22) restored the previously decreased level of cAMP of MLNLs of CIA rats. Meanwhile, CCII increased total protein expressions of beta2-AR, GRK2 and decreased that of beta-arrestin1, 2 of MLNLs in CIA rats but had an slight effect on GRK3. CCII further increased plasmatic protein expressions of GRK2, G(α)s and decreased that of beta-arrestin1, 2, beta2-AR, and increased membrane protein expressions of beta2-AR, GRK2, G(α)s and decreased that of beta-arrestin1, 2 of MLNLs in CIA rats. These results demonstrate that the mechanisms of CCII on beta2-AR desensitization and beta2-AR-AC-cAMP transmembrane signal transduction of MLNLs play crucial roles in pathogenesis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, China.
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Abstract
We have previously reported that COMP (cartilage oligomeric matrix protein) is prominent in cartilage but is also present in tendon and binds to collagens I and II with high affinity. Here we show that COMP influences the fibril formation of these collagens. Fibril formation in the presence of pentameric COMP was much faster, and the amount of collagen in fibrillar form was markedly increased. Monomeric COMP, lacking the N-terminal coiled-coil linker domain, decelerated fibrillogenesis. The data show that stimulation of collagen fibrillogenesis depends on the pentameric nature of COMP and not only on collagen binding. COMP interacts primarily with free collagen I and II molecules, bringing several molecules to close proximity, apparently promoting further assembly. These assemblies further join in discrete steps to a narrow distribution of completed fibril diameters of 149 +/- 16 nm with a banding pattern of 67 nm. COMP is not found associated with the mature fibril and dissociates from the collagen molecules or their early assemblies. However, a few COMP molecules are found bound to more loosely associated molecules at the tip/end of the growing fibril. Thus, COMP appears to catalyze the fibril formation by promoting early association of collagen molecules leading to increased rate of fibrillogenesis and more distinct organization of the fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Halász
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
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Pieper JS, van der Kraan PM, Hafmans T, Kamp J, Buma P, van Susante JLC, van den Berg WB, Veerkamp JH, van Kuppevelt TH. Crosslinked type II collagen matrices: preparation, characterization, and potential for cartilage engineering. Biomaterials 2002; 23:3183-92. [PMID: 12102190 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(02)00067-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The limited intrinsic repair capacity of articular cartilage has stimulated continuing efforts to develop tissue engineered analogues. Matrices composed of type II collagen and chondroitin sulfate (CS), the major constituents of hyaline cartilage, may create an appropriate environment for the generation of cartilage-like tissue. In this study, we prepared, characterized, and evaluated type 11 collagen matrices with and without CS. Type II collagen matrices were prepared using purified, pepsin-treated, type II collagen. Techniques applied to prepare type I collagen matrices were found unsuitable for type II collagen. Crosslinking of collagen and covalent attachment of CS was performed using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl)carbodiimide. Porous matrices were prepared by freezing and lyophilization, and their physico-chemical characteristics (degree of crosslinking, denaturing temperature, collagenase-resistance, amount of CS incorporated) established. Matrices were evaluated for their capacity to sustain chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation in vitro. After 7 d of culture, chondrocytes were mainly located at the periphery of the matrices. In contrast to type I collagen, type II collagen supported the distribution of cells throughout the matrix. After 14 d of culture, matrices were surfaced with a cartilagenous-like layer, and occasionally clusters of chondrocytes were present inside the matrix. Chondrocytes proliferated and differentiated as indicated by biochemical analyses, ultrastructural observations, and reverse transcriptase PCR for collagen types I, II and X. No major differences were observed with respect to the presence or absence of CS in the matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Pieper
- Department of Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, NCMLS, The Netherlands
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Li S, Ye C, Zou H, Peng Y, Yang X. [Preparation and analysis of pure type II collagen from porcine articular cartilage]. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 2001; 18:592-4. [PMID: 11791316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
This investigation was aimed at the preparation of pure type II collagen from porcine articular cartilage and the feasible method for producing type II collagen in bulk. After dispersal of the porcine articular cartilage, the proteoglycans were extracted by guanidinium hydrochloride and dissolved by pepsin in acid solvent. The contaminants including denatured and degraded protein and other collagen was removed via the repeated procedure of purification. For obtaining the purer type II collagen, the chromatography with sepharose H. P. Column was also used. The purity of the sample was compared with the type II collagen produced by Sigma Company. Both type II collagens were characterized by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, amino acid analysis and maximal violet chromatography, and all of the results accorded with the standard photograph in the references. The purity of the sample was higher than that of the product of Sigma Company. This prepared collagen of type II is a product of high purity. The raw materials are the common porcine articular cartilage, which is rich in resource and low in cost. Therefore, it is suitable to produce type II collagen in batches.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220
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