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Botanas CJ, Perez Custodio RJ, Kim HJ, de la Pena JB, Sayson LV, Ortiz DM, Kim M, Lee HJ, Acharya S, Kim KM, Lee CJ, Ryu JH, Lee YS, Cheong JH. R (-)-methoxetamine exerts rapid and sustained antidepressant effects and fewer behavioral side effects relative to S (+)-methoxetamine. Neuropharmacology 2021; 193:108619. [PMID: 34023336 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The newfound antidepressant efficacy of ketamine has provided opportunities for the development of new-generation, rapid-acting, glutamate-based antidepressants. We previously identified that methoxetamine (MXE), a ketamine analog, and an N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, produced rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in mice. MXE (R, S (±)-MXE) is a racemic mixture containing equal parts of S (+)-MXE and R (-)-MXE. However, studies have yet to investigate the antidepressant effects of its enantiomers. Here, we examined the potential antidepressant properties and behavioral side effects of S- and R-MXE in mice. Both S- and R-MXE showed significant NMDA receptor affinity and appreciable inhibitory activity on serotonin transporter. Also, S- and R-MXE (10 mg kg-1) exerted antidepressant effects and increased gamma waves (electroencephalography) but were inhibited by NBQX (an AMPA receptor antagonist). Subsequently, they increased mammalian target of rapamycin phosphorylation and AMPA receptor subunits GluA1 and GluA2 protein levels in the hippocampus or prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, they increased 5HT2a and 5HT2c receptor mRNA levels in the prefrontal cortex, with their antidepressant effects inhibited by ketanserin (a 5HT2a/c receptor antagonist). Taken together, S-MXE and R-MXE elicit antidepressant effects that are probably mediated via glutamatergic and serotonergic mechanisms. Unlike S-MXE, R-MXE did not induce prepulse inhibition deficits, hyperlocomotion, conditioned place preference, and locomotor sensitization, although it acutely altered motor coordination. This suggests that R-MXE induces fewer behavioral side effects and is a safer antidepressant than S-MXE. Overall, this study provides significant implications for future research on the next generation of rapid-acting, glutamate-based antidepressant drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrislean Jun Botanas
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Raly James Perez Custodio
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - June Bryan de la Pena
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, United States
| | - Leandro Val Sayson
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Darlene Mae Ortiz
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Mikyung Kim
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jun Lee
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Srijan Acharya
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Man Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Jung Lee
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy & Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Ryu
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sup Lee
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy & Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Hoon Cheong
- School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54896 Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Methoxetamine (MXE) is an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist that is chemically and pharmacologically similar to other dissociative substances, such as ketamine and phencyclidine. There are reports on the misuse of MXE, which sometimes resulted in adverse consequences and death. Studies have also shown that MXE has abuse liability and stimulates dopamine neurotransmission in the mesolimbic reward pathway in the brain. These findings have contributed to the negative impression on MXE. However, recent preclinical studies have identified the antidepressant properties of MXE, which are attributed to its ability to affect the glutamatergic and serotonergic systems. MXE is also reported to have analgesic effects. These findings show some of the "redeeming qualities" of MXE and indicate its possible therapeutic uses. In this paper, we have reviewed the findings that provide insights into the adverse and potential therapeutic effects of MXE. We compiled studies on the toxicity, psychotomimetic effects, and abuse liability of MXE, as well as its promising antidepressant and analgesic properties. We also have discussed the mechanism of action that might mediate the somewhat paradoxical effects observed. Importantly, this review provides valuable information on MXE for future research and will enable a better understanding of its psychopharmacological properties and the mechanisms responsible for its unique effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrislean Jun Botanas
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarangro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - June Bryan de la Peña
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarangro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, United States
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarangro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sup Lee
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy & Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cheong
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarangro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea.
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de Jong B, van Vuren AJ, Niesink RJM, Brunt TM. [A patient in a methoxetamine-induced dissociative psychosis]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2014; 158:A7358. [PMID: 24867483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The international drug market has dramatically changed with the emergence of various new psychoactive substances that are mostly being sold on the internet. One of those new psychoactive substances is methoxetamine (MXE), a structural analogue of ketamine. CASE DESCRIPTION A 30-year-old man with no history of illness was presented to the accident and emergency department. He had lost his balance and could not move. He was in a dissociative psychosis, felt he had no control over his body and was extremely frightened. Most of this symptoms disappeared within two hours of arrival. The next day there were no indications of a psychosis, and only headache and nausea remained. The state of dissociative psychosis was caused by MXE, which was sold to him as an ecstasy tablet. CONCLUSION Whether mixed with alcohol and other drugs or not, MXE can cause serious feelings of dissociation resulting in extreme anxiety and psychosis. This might cause severely lowered consciousness in these patients. Currently, use of MXE in the Netherlands is limited, but ketamine or MXE intoxication should be considered in patients with these symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben de Jong
- Ziekenhuis Gelderse Vallei, afd. Interne Geneeskunde, Ede
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Mitani Y, Akashiba H, Saita K, Yarimizu J, Uchino H, Okabe M, Asai M, Yamasaki S, Nozawa T, Ishikawa N, Shitaka Y, Ni K, Matsuoka N. Pharmacological characterization of the novel γ-secretase modulator AS2715348, a potential therapy for Alzheimer's disease, in rodents and nonhuman primates. Neuropharmacology 2013; 79:412-9. [PMID: 24373902 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
γ-Secretase is the enzyme responsible for the intramembranous proteolysis of various substrates, such as amyloid precursor protein (APP) and Notch. Amyloid-β peptide 42 (Aβ42) is produced through the sequential proteolytic cleavage of APP by β- and γ-secretase and causes the synaptic dysfunction associated with memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease. Here, we identified a novel cyclohexylamine-derived γ-secretase modulator, {(1R*,2S*,3R*)-3-[(cyclohexylmethyl)(3,3-dimethylbutyl)amino]-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]cyclohexyl}acetic acid (AS2715348), that may inhibit this pathological response. AS2715348 was seen to reduce both cell-free and cellular production of Aβ42 without increasing levels of APP β-carboxyl terminal fragment or inhibiting Notch signaling. Additionally, the compound increased Aβ38 production, suggesting a shift of the cleavage site in APP. The inhibitory potency of AS2715348 on endogenous Aβ42 production was similar across human, mouse, and rat cells. Oral administration with AS2715348 at 1 mg/kg and greater significantly reduced brain Aβ42 levels in rats, and no Notch-related toxicity was observed after 28-day treatment at 100 mg/kg. Further, AS2715348 significantly ameliorated cognitive deficits in APP-transgenic Tg2576 mice. Finally, AS2715348 significantly reduced brain Aβ42 levels in cynomolgus monkeys. These findings collectively show the promise for AS2715348 as a potential disease-modifying drug for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Mitani
- Pharmacology Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Akashiba
- Pharmacology Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Kyoko Saita
- Pharmacology Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Junko Yarimizu
- Pharmacology Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Uchino
- Pharmacology Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Mayuko Okabe
- Pharmacology Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Makoto Asai
- Pharmacology Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Shingo Yamasaki
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takashi Nozawa
- Analysis and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Yoshitsugu Shitaka
- Pharmacology Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Keni Ni
- Pharmacology Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Nobuya Matsuoka
- Pharmacology Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
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Geier J, Lessmann H, Hillen U, Jappe U, Dickel H, Koch P, Frosch PJ, Schnuch A, Uter W. An attempt to improve diagnostics of contact allergy due to epoxy resin systems. First results of the multicentre study EPOX 2002. Contact Dermatitis 2004; 51:263-72. [PMID: 15606651 DOI: 10.1111/j.0105-1873.2004.00465.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Epoxy resin systems (ERSs) are a frequent cause of occupational allergic contact dermatitis. Sensitization occurs not only to the resins, but also to hardeners and reactive diluents. However, only a fraction of the ERS components currently in use are available for patch testing. With the multicentre study EPOX 2002, we attempted to improve diagnostics in this field by patch testing with components currently used in ERSs. During the first study period (October 2002 to July 2003), in addition to commercially available ERS patch test substances, 16 study substances (1 resin, 9 hardeners and 6 reactive diluents) were patch tested in 70 patients with suspected contact allergy due to ERSs and 22 patients with a prior positive patch test reaction to epoxy resin (ER) in the standard series. Most frequently, allergic reactions to ER based on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A and F were observed (55.2% and 43.7%, respectively). Agreement between positive reactions to both resins, which can be explained by immunological cross-sensitization and/or coexposure, was substantial [Cohen's kappa 0.65 (95% CI: 0.49-0.80)]. Among the reactive diluents, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether (1,6-HDDGE) and 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (1,4-BDDGE) were the most frequent allergens, with 19.5% and 18.4% positive reactions, respectively. Although agreement between positive reactions to 1,6-HDDGE and 1,4-BDDGE was even better than with the 2 resins, the sample size is considered too small to decide reliably whether 1,6-HDDGE alone could serve as a marker allergen for both. Allergic reactions to p-tert-butylphenyl glycidyl ether and to phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE) occurred in 11.5% of the patients tested, with only moderate agreement. All patients positive to cresyl glycidyl ether (6.8%) also reacted to PGE. Of the hardeners tested, m-xylylene diamine was the most frequent allergen (13.8%), followed by isophorone diamine (5.7%). No reactions were observed to several substances, the test concentration of which may have been too low and will be increased in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Geier
- Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK), University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
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Abstract
From August 1999 to April 2001, there was an outbreak of severe eczema at a factory manufacturing medical equipment. A glue, mainly based on the isocyanate dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (DMDI), was suspected as being the cause of the problem. 16 workers with recent episodes of eczema were patch tested with a standard series, an isocyanate series and work material. The latter consisted of, among other things, the glue, DMDI, and an amine, dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diamine (DMDA), which is formed when DMDI reacts with water. 13 patients reacted to DMDI, 9 to 1,6-hexamethylenediisocyanate (HDI) and 4 to isophoronediisocyanate (IPDI), all of which are aliphatic isocyanates. None reacted to the aromatic isocyanates, diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (MDI) or toluenediisocyanate (TDI). One explanation for this pattern could be that aromatic diisocyanates are more reactive than the aliphatic ones and that, therefore, they are inactivated before penetrating the skin. 5 patients reacted to DMDA and 5 to 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (MDA). Concurrent reactions to DMDA and or MDA with DMDI could be due to cross-reactivity. The positive reactions to MDA could also be a marker of MDI exposure. Yet another patient, investigated in 1997 with suspected work-related contact dermatitis from the glue, is described. She, however, showed no positive reactions to any isocyanates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Frick
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Kirkup
- Bristol Dermatology Centre, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, UK
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kelterer
- Department of Dermatology, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Germany
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Tarvainen K, Jolanki R, Henriks Eckerman ML, Estlander T. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from isophoronediamine (IPDA) in operative-clothing manufacture. Contact Dermatitis 1998; 39:46-7. [PMID: 9686993 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05826.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Tarvainen
- North Karelia Central Hospital, Dermatological Department, Joensuu, Finland
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Abstract
The use of controlled environments is subject to problems from contaminants emitted from materials of the system and from plants. Many contaminants are difficult to identify because injurious dosages are very low, there is a lack of information on what compounds injure plants, because species and cultivars differ greatly in their sensitivity to injury and injury symptoms often are not distinctive. Plastics have been shown to emit many different volatile compounds. The compound, di-butyl phthalate, contained in certain flexible plastics, has been shown to be very toxic to plants. Other injuries have been produced by caulking compounds and bonded screening. Paints have been shown to release xylene that is toxic to plants. Steam for humidification can cause problems because of hydroxylamines and other compounds added to steam used for heating to control fungal growth in return lines. Mercury, from broken thermometers is a particular problem in growth chambers because small quantities can collect in cracks and slowly volatilize to slow growth of plants. Plants themselves release large quantities of volatile hydrocarbons, with ethylene being the commonly recognized chemical that can be damaging when allowed to accumulate. People release large quantities of carbon dioxide which can cause variations in the rate of growth of plants. Contaminant problems can be controlled through filtering of the air or ventilation with make-up air, however the potential for problems is always present and careful testing should be undertaken with the particular species and cultivars being grown insure that there are no toxic agents altering growth in each particular controlled environment being utilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Patussi
- SPISAL, ULSS 12, Conegliano (TV), Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lodi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Milan, San Paolo Hospital, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- L Guerra
- Department of Dermatology, University of Bologna, Italy
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Aleva RM, Aalbers R, Koëter GH, De Monchy JG. Occupational asthma caused by a hardener containing an aliphatic and a cycloaliphatic diamine. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 145:1217-8. [PMID: 1586069 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm/145.5.1217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
An otherwise healthy 44-yr-old man experienced a serious attack of bronchial obstruction after working with resins and hardeners, releasing fumes of a mixture of an alipathic and a cycloaliphatic diamine hardener. Eight hours after deliberate challenge with the hardener a large increase of airway resistance was found. Seventy-two hours after challenge, eosinophilia in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid together with a decrease of peripheral eosinophils was seen. After cessation of contact with this hardener, no more acute episodes occurred, although maintenance treatment with a topical corticosteroid and a beta 2-agonist remained necessary. A BAL performed 1 yr later showed a normal cell distribution. The results suggest that these aliphatic and cycloaliphatic diamine hardeners may be occupational hazards. Eosinophil inflammation may play a causal role.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Aleva
- Department of Allergology, University Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Abstract
A case of erythema multiforme associated with an allergic contact dermatitis in response to an epoxy-based compound is presented. Patch tests revealed a positive reaction to both the epoxy resin and the hardener. Chemicals applied directly to the skin should be considered as a potential cause of erythema multiforme.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Whitfeld
- Department of Dermatology, University of Sydney, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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Workplace exposures to corrosion-inhibiting chemicals from a steam humidification system--Ohio, 1988. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1990; 39:863-5. [PMID: 2122224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Abstract
Six chemicals, diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), ethanol, cyclohexylamine (CHA), sodium saccharin (NaS), cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and triflupromazine (TFP), were suggested to be unique germ-cell mutagens (Auletta and Ashby, 1988) by the GeneTox Workgroups of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). If this is a correct classification it would have major consequences when screening for mutagenicity and when labelling genotoxic substances. However, our re-evaluation of the GeneTox literature, including some more recent publications, has failed to find substantive evidence that any of these chemicals have been unequivocally established as having unique mutagenic activity in germ cells. For DEHP, NaS and TFP the evidence for genotoxic/mutagenic effects is questionable, in both germinal and somatic cells. Ethanol and CdCl2 showed clastogenic activity, but it was not restricted to germ cells. Both, ethanol and cadmium salts, appear to induce aneuploidy. The unconfirmed clastogenic effect of CHA was restricted to rats, but it occurred in both bone marrow and spermatogonia. Therefore, the general observation that rodent germ-cell mutagens are also genotoxic in somatic cells in vivo (Brusick, 1980; Holden, 1982) remains valid.
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Affiliation(s)
- I D Adler
- GSF-Institut für Säugetiergenetik, Neuherberg, F.R.G
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Camarasa
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Haustein UF, Ziegler V. [Scleroderma and scleroderma-like diseases caused by environmental pollutants]. Derm Beruf Umwelt 1986; 34:61-7. [PMID: 2427299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
For the stimulation of research on scleroderma and the prophylaxis of occupational scleroderma-like diseases and the prevention of iatrogenic injuries, respect., it is important to know the inducing environmental substances. Plastics (vinyl chloride, epoxy resins), solvents (chlorinated, aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons), drugs (bleomycin, pentazocine), cocaine (abuse) and contaminated rapeseed oil are more or less able to induce scleroderma-like diseases. Vinyl chloride disease is the best known among these. The toxic oil syndrome represents the most inglorious example of the recent time. Paraffin and silicon can act as adjuvants and induce a progressive systemic sclerosis. In our studies it could be shown, that silica is able to induce not only a silicosis, but also a true progressive systemic sclerosis after long term exposure. Acknowledgment of such cases as an occupational disease is justified and regulated by law in the German Democratic Republic.
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Klinger J. [Evaluation of the antispasmodic pramiverine as an aid for endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (author's transl)]. Rev Med Chil 1978; 106:1031-33. [PMID: 746258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Breda G, Brontesi L, Dal Bianco M. [Cineradiographic study of the mechanism of action of a commonly used antispastic drug on the upper urinary tract: pramiverine]. Chir Ital 1978; 30:629-41. [PMID: 699236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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23
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Paustovskaia VV, Krasniuk EP, Onikienko FA, Vasiliuk LM. [Effect of working conditions on health of persons working with inhibitors of atmospheric corrosion of metals]. Vrach Delo 1977:121-4. [PMID: 860484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Koch E, Eisele W. [Therapeutic results with the combination pramiverine/metamizole in a multicentre trial (author's transl)]. Arzneimittelforschung 1976; 26:745-52. [PMID: 782472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
279 physicians took part in a multicentre trial to assess the efficacy and acceptability of the combination of 4,4-diphenyl-N-isopropyl-cyclohexylamine-hydrochloride (pramiverine, Sistalgin) and N-methyl-N-(2,3-dimethyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-3-pyrazolin-4-yl)-aminomethanesulfonate (metamizole) (Sistalgin comp) in the forms of ampoules, coated tablets and suppositories. 1301 out of 1329 case reports could be evaluated; in 28 cases treatment was discontinued. The trial included 59% acute colics and 41% subacute recurrent painful spasms of the caval organs. A single presentation form was used in 44%; all other patients were treated with the combined regimen of ampoules/coated tablets/suppositories. A good or very good result was obtained in 91% of cases, with a low rate of undesired side-effects. In 3%, the result was unsatisfactory. The patients' judgment was in agreement with that of the physician. Both judgments confirmed the rapid onset, long duration and reliable effect of pramiverine/metamizole in treating colics of the intestinal, biliary and urinary tracts as well as recurrent spastic pain. Similarly favourable results were obtained with all presentation forms.
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Abstract
Cyclamates were prohibited for use as food additives in the U.S.A. and other parts of the world during 1970 because of the fears of carcinogenicity. The author reviews the evidence leading to this ban and discusses the appeal made against the decision which led to the lifting of the cyclamate restrictions in Australia in November 1974.
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Henri A, Klastersky J. Comparative evaluation of cyclacillin and ampicillin in urinary tract infections. A double-blind study. Chemotherapy 1974; 20:102-12. [PMID: 4367636 DOI: 10.1159/000221798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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27
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Ganança M, Trabulsi LR. The therapeutic effects of cyclacillin in acute sinusitis: in vitro and in vivo correlations in a placebo-controlled study. Curr Med Res Opin 1973; 1:362-8. [PMID: 4359033 DOI: 10.1185/03007997309111694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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28
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Valencia-Parparcen J. Tubeless hypotónic duodenography. G E N 1972; 27:157-83. [PMID: 4201407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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29
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Espejo Romero H, Castillo Rosales T. [Effects of the drug HSp-2986 on antral motility, pyloric opening and gastric distensibility. Study with the fibrogastrocamera]. G E N 1972; 27:1-12. [PMID: 4632023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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