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Graversen M, Mortensen MB. [Diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cysts]. Ugeskr Laeger 2015; 177:941-945. [PMID: 26535432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Incidental cystic lesions of the pancreas are often detected due to the increased use of cross-sectional imaging. Since mucinous cysts have a malignant potential, whereas pseudocysts and serous cystadenomas are benign, the distinction is of key clinical importance. Current recommendations advocate the use of multiple imaging modalities (CT/MRI/endoscopic US/endoscopic US & fine-needle aspiration) during evaluation and follow-up. This review describes the most frequent cystic lesions of the pancreas and suggests a simple investigation and treatment algorithm.
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MESH Headings
- Algorithms
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/epidemiology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/therapy
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous/diagnosis
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous/epidemiology
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous/therapy
- Cystadenoma, Serous/diagnosis
- Cystadenoma, Serous/epidemiology
- Cystadenoma, Serous/pathology
- Cystadenoma, Serous/therapy
- Humans
- Pancreatic Cyst/diagnosis
- Pancreatic Cyst/epidemiology
- Pancreatic Cyst/pathology
- Pancreatic Cyst/therapy
- Pancreatic Pseudocyst/diagnosis
- Pancreatic Pseudocyst/epidemiology
- Pancreatic Pseudocyst/therapy
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Graversen M, Mortensen MB. [Diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cysts]. Ugeskr Laeger 2014; 176:V06140359. [PMID: 25394925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Incidental cystic lesions of the pancreas are often detected due to the increased use of cross-sectional imaging. Since mucinous cysts have a malignant potential, whereas pseudocysts and serous cystadenomas are benign, the distinction is of key clinical importance. Current recommendations advocate the use of multiple imaging modalities (CT/MRI/endoscopic US/endoscopic US & fine-needle aspiration) during evaluation and follow-up. This review describes the most frequent cystic lesions of the pancreas and suggests a simple investigation and treatment algorithm.
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MESH Headings
- Algorithms
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/epidemiology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/therapy
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous/diagnosis
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous/epidemiology
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous/therapy
- Cystadenoma, Serous/diagnosis
- Cystadenoma, Serous/epidemiology
- Cystadenoma, Serous/pathology
- Cystadenoma, Serous/therapy
- Humans
- Pancreatic Cyst/diagnosis
- Pancreatic Cyst/epidemiology
- Pancreatic Cyst/pathology
- Pancreatic Cyst/therapy
- Pancreatic Pseudocyst/diagnosis
- Pancreatic Pseudocyst/epidemiology
- Pancreatic Pseudocyst/therapy
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Graversen
- Kirurgisk Afdeling A, Odense Universitetshospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense. /
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Anand N, Sampath K, Wu BU. Cyst features and risk of malignancy in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas: a meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 11:913-21; quiz e59-60. [PMID: 23416279 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2013.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS International guidelines for the management of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) of the pancreas recommend surgical resection of those with specific characteristics. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the risk of malignancy associated with each of these features of IPMNs. METHODS We performed a comprehensive search of MEDLINE from January 1, 1996, to November 11, 2011, for studies that included any of the features mentioned in the consensus guidelines for surgical resection of main duct and branch duct IPMNs. Data were analyzed from 41 studies for the following features: cyst size greater than 3 cm, the presence of mural nodules, dilated main pancreatic duct, symptoms, and main duct vs branch duct IPMNs. Malignant IPMNs were defined as those with carcinoma in situ or more advanced histology. A separate meta-analysis was performed for each risk factor to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs). A random-effects model was used, based on the assumption of variation among study populations. RESULTS The risks of malignancy associated with individual cyst features were as follows: cyst size greater than 3 cm (OR, 62.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 30.8-126.3), presence of a mural nodule (OR, 9.3; 95% CI, 5.3-16.1), dilatation of the main pancreatic duct (OR, 7.27; 95% CI, 3.0-17.4), and main vs branch duct IPMN (OR, 4.7; 95% CI, 3.3-6.9). There was a moderate level of heterogeneity among studies (I(2) range, 34-67). CONCLUSIONS Based on a meta-analysis, cyst features proposed by the international guidelines for resection of IPMN were highly associated with malignancy. However, based on our findings, not all cyst features should be weighted equally when considering risk of malignancy; cyst size greater than 3 cm was associated most strongly with malignant IPMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Anand
- Center for Pancreatic Care, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Kaiser Permanente, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Abstract
Thirty-eight patients with ovarian tumours of low malignant potential (borderline) were diagnosed and treated in Tehran University Gynecology Oncology Department from 1991 to 2002, and have been reviewed. In this study age, clinical behavior, symptoms, surgical stage, type of tumour, surgery, adjuvant treatment, survival and recurrences were evaluated. A retrospective chart review was performed on these 38 patients who were treated for histopathologically confirmed tumours of low malignant potential between 1991-2002. The mean age was 34.4 years, range (14-83) (SD: 18.33). Post surgical FIGO staging was: Stage I=93.75%, stage III 6.25%. Histologic subtypes were: Serous 76.31% (29 patients), Mucinous 21.05% (8 patients), Mixed types 2.63% (1 patient). Mean pre-operative CA125 value was 114.90 (SD: +/- 90.30). Thirty-three percent of patients had only a simple cyst in ultrasonography. Conservative surgery was performed in 76.32% (29 patients). More radical surgery (TAH + BSO) was performed in 9 patients (23.68%). There were 6 recurrences. Three patients with recurrence and invasive implants received chemotherapy and secondary surgery was performed. Survival rate was 100% at 3 years for all stages and 89% at 5 years. One patient died of recurrent disease at 48 months after initial diagnosis. Our data suggest that LMP tumours are most frequently diagnosed in stage I. Most common histological type was serous, and 5 of the recurrences of (6 patients) were initially diagnosed at stage I, and had been treated with conservative surgery with no adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Behtash
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ye B, Aponte M, Dai Y, Li L, Ho MCD, Vitonis A, Edwards D, Huang TN, Cramer DW. Ginkgo biloba and ovarian cancer prevention: Epidemiological and biological evidence. Cancer Lett 2007; 251:43-52. [PMID: 17194528 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2006.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2006] [Revised: 10/24/2006] [Accepted: 10/26/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
There is considerable interest in herbal therapies for cancer prevention but often with little scientific evidence to support their use. In this study, we examined epidemiological data regarding effects of commonly used herbal supplements on risk for ovarian cancer and sought supporting biological evidence. 4.2% of 721 controls compared to 1.6% of 668 cases regularly used Ginkgo biloba for an estimated relative risk (and 95% confidence interval) of 0.41 (0.20,0.84) (p=0.01); and the effect was most apparent in women with non-mucinous types of ovarian cancer, RR=0.33 (0.15,0.74) (p=0.007). In vitro experiments with normal and ovarian cancer cells showed that Ginkgo extract and its components, quercetin and ginkgolide A and B, have significant anti-proliferative effects ( approximately 40%) in serous ovarian cancer cells, but little effect in mucinous (RMUG-L) cells. For the ginkgolides, the inhibitory effect appeared to be cell cycle blockage at G0/G1 to S phase. This combined epidemiological and biological data provide supportive evidence for further studies of the chemopreventive or therapeutic effects of Ginkgo and ginkgolides on ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ye
- Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology and Epidemiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Center, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk factors for benign serous and mucinous epithelial ovarian tumors. METHODS Cases were women newly diagnosed with benign serous ovarian tumors (n=230) or benign mucinous tumors (n=133) between 2002 and 2005. Control women were selected at random from the general population (n=752). All participants completed a comprehensive reproductive and lifestyle questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and to simultaneously adjust for potential confounding factors. RESULTS Current smoking was associated with a three-fold increase in risk of benign mucinous tumors (OR 3.25, 95% CI 1.97-5.34), and there was a trend of increasing risk with increasing amount smoked (P<.001). Both recent obesity (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.30-2.88) and obesity at age 20 (OR 4.38, 95% CI 1.88-10.20) were associated with increased risk of benign serous ovarian tumors, and having had a hysterectomy was also related to increased risk of serous (OR 2.75, 95% CI 1.90-3.96), but not mucinous tumors. Ever having had a term pregnancy was inversely associated with both tumor types (combined OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.43-0.97), although greater numbers of pregnancies did not decrease risk further. Use of hormonal contraceptives was unrelated to risk. CONCLUSION Our results suggest some differences in risk factors between benign serous and mucinous epithelial ovarian tumors and that risk factors for benign serous tumors differ from those well established for ovarian cancer. The results also suggest that there is potential for prevention of these common conditions through avoidance of smoking and obesity. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J Jordan
- Cancer and Population Studies Group, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Jamal
- Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
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Ramirez PT, Slomovitz BM, McQuinn L, Levenback C, Coleman RL. Role of appendectomy at the time of primary surgery in patients with early-stage ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2006; 103:888-90. [PMID: 16806436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2006.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2006] [Revised: 04/24/2006] [Accepted: 05/17/2006] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether appendectomy is warranted in patients with apparent early-stage ovarian cancer who undergo surgery for staging and cytoreduction and to determine the complication rate associated with appendectomy in such patients. METHODS We reviewed the medical records of all patients who underwent appendectomy at the time of primary surgery for ovarian cancer at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center between January 1992 and December 2004 and who did not meet any of the following exclusion criteria: stage III or IV ovarian cancer, appendectomy as part of a second-look procedure or secondary tumor-reductive surgery, primary appendiceal cancer, primary gastrointestinal malignancy with metastasis to the appendix, incomplete clinicopathologic data, appendicitis as a preoperative diagnosis, primary fallopian tube cancer, primary peritoneal cancer, or documented dual primary tumors. RESULTS Fifty-seven patients were included in this analysis. The median age was 47 years (range, 13-75). Median follow-up was 53 months (range, 3-147). Histologic diagnoses were as follows: invasive epithelial carcinoma, 35 patients (61%); tumor of low malignant potential, 15 patients (26%); malignant germ cell tumor, 4 patients (7%); and other, 3 patients (5%). Twenty-three patients (40%) had pure mucinous tumors. Forty-six patients (81%) had stage I and 11 patients (19%) had stage II disease. The median CA-125 level was 36.2 U/mL (range, 7-7900). No patient had evidence of appendiceal involvement. No patient suffered an intraoperative or postoperative complication directly related to appendectomy. CONCLUSIONS Appendectomy at the time of surgery for apparent early-stage ovarian cancer is not associated with complications but should not be routinely recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro T Ramirez
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, PO Box 301439, Unit 1362, Houston, TX 77230-1439, USA.
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Akinci SB, Ornek N, Celebioğlu B, Ayhan A. Outcome at second-look laparotomy: anaesthesia related risk factors. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2004; 25:619-22. [PMID: 15493180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION To identify anaesthesia related risk factors associated with positive second-look laparotomy (SLL) findings in patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma who had previous optimal cytoreduction surgery under general anaesthesia. METHODS A retrospective review of the anaesthesia and medical records of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who underwent SLL at our institution and analysis of patient related (age, haemoglobin, albumin), anaesthesia related (duration of anaesthesia, anaesthetics and dosages, transfusion of blood products), tumour related (stage, grade, presence of ascites, adhesion, histological type, capsule penetration and CA-125) data and outcome of SLL was undertaken. RESULTS The patients had SLL 305 +/- 215 days after the first operation. Of the 83 patients 28 (33.7%) were SLL (+). SLL (+) patients were significantly more likely to have a mucinous histological subtype, required intraoperative packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion and longer anaesthesia duration (p < 0.05). Type of induction agent, whether narcotics were used or not, type of volatile agent used, dosages of induction agents and dosages of narcotic and muscle relaxants did not vary significantly between the patients with and without cancer recurrence (p > 0.05). Duration of anaesthesia (OR, 1.03; CI, 1-1.05, p = 0.031) and histological subtype (OR, 16.1; CI, 1.8-141.7, p = 0.012), were the independent variables predicting cancer recurrence in the multivariate logistic regression. CONCLUSION We emphasize that duration of anaesthesia and histological subtype are risk factors for cancer recurrence in early stage ovarian carcinoma. From our data it seems that interventions to shorten the duration of general anaesthesia or reversing immunosuppression induced by anaesthesia and surgery must be carefully considered.
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MESH Headings
- Anesthesia, General/adverse effects
- Anesthesia, General/statistics & numerical data
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/epidemiology
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/etiology
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/pathology
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/surgery
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous/epidemiology
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous/etiology
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous/pathology
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous/surgery
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/epidemiology
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/etiology
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/pathology
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/surgery
- Female
- Humans
- Laparoscopy/statistics & numerical data
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/epidemiology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/etiology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery
- Ovarian Neoplasms/epidemiology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/etiology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/surgery
- Risk Factors
- Second-Look Surgery/statistics & numerical data
- Treatment Outcome
- Turkey/epidemiology
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Akinci
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara (Turkey)
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Population-based data on the familial association of specific histologic types of ovarian malignancy with other malignancies are limited. Such data may help to elucidate etiologic differences among histologic types of ovarian malignancy. METHODS The nationwide Swedish Family-Cancer Database, which includes 10.3 million individuals and 20,974 ovarian carcinomas, was used to calculate standardized incidence ratios and 95% confidence intervals for age- and histology-specific ovarian malignancies in women whose parents or siblings were affected with malignancies at the most common disease sites. RESULTS Ovarian malignancy was found to be associated with ovarian, laryngeal, breast, endometrial, liver, and colon carcinoma, as well as myeloma; epithelial ovarian malignancy was found to be associated with ovarian, endometrial, and skin malignancies and with melanoma and myeloma; papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma was found to be associated with ovarian and skin malignancies and with myeloma; and endometrioid carcinoma was found to be associated with endometrial, ovarian, and prostate malignancies and with melanoma. For younger women (ages 40-45 years) whose mothers were affected with endometrial malignancies, the risk of developing endometrioid carcinoma was slightly greater than the risk of developing papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Specific types of ovarian malignancy may be associated with specific familial disease sites, with such associations depending on age at diagnosis; the strength of the observed associations varied according to histology. Associations were found between endometrioid carcinoma and endometrial malignancy and between serous carcinoma and Hodgkin disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justo Lorenzo Bermejo
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Epithelial tumors of the ovary account for about 15% of pediatric ovarian masses. The authors reviewed a 14-year experience with ovarian masses to understand the spectrum of pathology, presentation, and outcome of children with epithelial lesions. METHODS All ovarian masses resected or biopsied at the authors' institution from 1988 to the present were reviewed retrospectively. Patient age, presenting symptoms, operative procedures, postoperative treatment, and outcome were obtained from the medical record. RESULTS A total of 240 cases were identified. A total of 123 (51.2%) were nonneoplastic in nature. Of the 117 neoplastic masses, 79 (67.5%) were germ cell tumors and nineteen (16.2%) were epithelial-derived tumors. Patients with epithelial tumors had a mean age of 13.9 +/- 4 years. Ten patients (52.6%) presented with abdominal pain, and 9 (47.4%) presented with an asymptomatic mass. Eleven underwent oophorectomy, 6 underwent cystectomy, and 2 had biopsy alone. Four patients (21%) had ascites, and 1 (5.3%) had a pleural effusion. The histopathologic diagnoses for the epithelial tumors included 9 serous cystadenomas (47%) and 3 mucinous cystadenomas (16%), 3 mucinous cystadenocarcinomas (16%), and 4 serous tumors of borderline malignancy (21%). Two patients (11%) had bilateral disease. Four patients (21%) underwent a subsequent laparotomy for either staging or recurrence, and 2 patients (11%) required chemotherapy. One patient (5.3%) died of ovarian adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Epithelial tumors comprise a small but significant proportion of pediatric ovarian masses. The pediatric surgeon must understand the biologic characteristics, operative management, and follow-up treatment of these tumors, and how these differ from germ cell lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Morowitz
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Menzin AW. Update on low malignant potential ovarian tumors. Oncology (Williston Park) 2000; 14:897-902, 906; discussion 907-8, 910. [PMID: 10887637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Low malignant potential (LMP) ovarian tumors represent a small subset of epithelial ovarian cancers that were first identified 70 years ago but were recognized in a systematic way only within the last 30 years. These lesions afflict women at a much younger age than invasive ovarian cancer, behave in a more indolent manner, and have a much more favorable prognosis. The management of women with LMP tumors is primarily surgical; adjuvant therapy plays little role in early disease and its use in advanced disease is not well defined. Ongoing investigations are attempting to define prognostic factors that may assist clinicians in the appropriate application of postoperative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Menzin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, North Shore University Hospital, North Shore-Long Island, Jewish Health System, Manhasset, New York, USA
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Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Patients presenting with a pancreatic mass often have a curable lesion rather than the more common adenocarcinoma. Greater awareness of this among nonsurgeons is necessary. DESIGN Retrospective case series. SETTING Tertiary care referral hospital. PATIENTS All patients who presented with a pancreatic mass during the 8 years from 1990 to 1998 were studied. Patients with a history of chronic pancreatitis, a functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, or pancreatic adenocarcinoma were excluded. Forty patients were identified, demographic and clinical characteristics recorded, and long-term follow-up obtained. INTERVENTIONS Therapy included either a Whipple procedure or distal pancreatectomy. Two patients underwent a biliary bypass. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Tumor histology, morbidity, and survival. RESULTS Three hundred thirty-six patients with a pancreatic mass were treated during this 8-year period. Two hundred ninety-six of these had pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Forty (11.9%) of the 336 patients had other types of pancreatic tumors. Two thirds of these patients were female, with an average age of 57 years. Seventy-five percent of these tumors were either malignant or potentially malignant. In several instances, cystic tumors were diagnosed as inflammatory pseudocysts and managed accordingly. Fourteen (35%) of 40 patients had no symptoms and their tumor was found on a computed tomographic scan performed for another indication. Percutaneous biopsy was performed in 9 patients, of whom 5 were assigned an incorrect diagnosis. There were no operative deaths, although the postoperative complication rate was 23%. CONCLUSIONS In this series, nearly 12% of patients presenting with a pancreatic mass did not have pancreatic adenocarcinoma, but rather more favorable lesions amenable to operation. Preoperative biopsy should not be carried out. Curative procedures can be safely performed in centers seeing a large number of patients with pancreatic tumors, and the long-term results of extirpation are excellent.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sheehan
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Ill 60153, USA
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Abstract
Between 1976 and 1996, 176 borderline ovarian tumours were registered in the Cancer Registry of the Swiss canton of Vaud, corresponding to an age-adjusted incidence (world standard) of 2.7 in 100,000. Incidence rose from 1.7 per 100,000 during 1976-81 to 2.7 per 100,000 during 1987-91, and then levelled off; 58% of cases were serous and 41% mucinous. Relative survival was 94% at 10 years; 18 second neoplasms were observed, compared with 10.3 expected, and there was a significant excess of invasive ovarian cancers (four observed, including three synchronous, compared with 0.4 expected).
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Affiliation(s)
- F Levi
- Registre Vaudois des Tumeurs, Institut Universitaire de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the occurrence of ovarian endometriosis in epithelial ovarian cancer in Japan. METHOD The presence of ovarian endometriosis was determined by reviewing the sections of resected specimens in 172 epithelial ovarian cancers. RESULTS The incidence of ovarian endometriosis in ovarian cancer (14.5%) was higher than that in Western countries. The rank order of incidence of endometriosis in each histologic type was clear cell (40.6%)>endometrioid (23.1%)>serous (8.7%)>mucinous (2.9%). The incidence in serous type was higher when compared with that reported in Western countries. The higher incidence of endometriosis in Japan can be explained by a greater proportion of clear cell type, comprising 18.6% of all the cases and a higher incidence of endometriosis in the serous type. CONCLUSION The association of ovarian endometriosis with epithelial ovarian cancer was more frequently found in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jimbo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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