1
|
Zhang X, Shi Y, Song L, Shen C, Cai Q, Zhang Z, Wu J, Fu G, Shen W. Identification of mutations in patients with acquired pure red cell aplasia. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:685-692. [PMID: 29767669 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic acquired pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is a rare, autoimmune-related disease. This study aimed to describe the previously unidentified DNA alterations associated with PRCA. Here, next generation sequencing using a panel containing 295 critical genes was applied to detect potentially pathogenic mutations in four patients with PRCA. A total of 529 mutations were identified and further classified into three categories, namely, uncertain (n = 25), likely benign (n = 20) and benign (n = 484) mutations, based on the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) 2015 guidelines and ClinVar database. The spatial proximity between two loci of the uncertain or benign mutations was evaluated using Hi-C datasets of KBM7 and K562 cell lines, respectively. Significant spatial proximity was observed in uncertain mutation pairs compared with benign mutation pairs. In addition, 17 variants were eventually identified after excluding those with mutant frequencies >0.001, including 7 newly identified variants. FANCF and LRP1B mutations existed twice in patients. FANCF and LRP1B mutations were likely to affect protein stability based on prediction analysis. Taken together, our data may provide valuable information about PRCA. FANCF and LRP1B mutations may be associated with acquired PRCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinchao Zhang
- Pathology Center, Shanghai General Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingjun Song
- Pathology Center, Shanghai General Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Shen
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Cai
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jun Wu
- Pathology Center, Shanghai General Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohui Fu
- Pathology Center, Shanghai General Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Shen
- Pathology Center, Shanghai General Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kessous R, Octeau D, Klein K, Tonin PN, Greenwood CMT, Pelmus M, Laskov I, Kogan L, Salvador S, Lau S, Yasmeen A, Gotlieb WH. Distinct homologous recombination gene expression profiles after neoadjuvant chemotherapy associated with clinical outcome in patients with ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2018; 148:553-558. [PMID: 29395310 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The expression of homologous recombination (HR) genes in high grade ovarian cancer (HGOC) samples from debulking surgeries were correlated to outcomes in patients selected for chemotherapy treatment regimens. STUDY DESIGN RNA was extracted from 96 fresh frozen tumor samples from debulking surgeries from chemotherapy naïve patients with HGOC (primary derived surgeries (PDS), n = 55) or following neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment (NACT), n = 41). The samples were selected for high tumor content by a gynecological pathologist, and cancer cell content was further confirmed using a percent tumor content covariate, and mutation score covariate analysis. Gene expression analysis was performed using a tailored NanoString-based Pancancer Pathway Panel. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to assess the associations between the expression of 19 HR genes and survival. RESULTS In the PDS group, over-expression of six HR genes (C11orf30, NBN, FANCF, FANCC, FANCB, RAD50) was associated with improved outcome, in contrast to the NACT group where four HR genes (BRCA2, TP53, FANCB, RAD51) were associated with worse outcome. With the adding extent of debulking as a covariate, three HR genes (NBN, FANCF, RAD50), and only one HR gene (RAD51) remained significantly associated with survival in PDS and NACT groups, respectively. CONCLUSION Distinct HR expression profiles define subgroups associated with overall outcome in patients that are exposed to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and not only chemotherapy-naïve patients.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Acid Anhydride Hydrolases
- Aged
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- BRCA1 Protein/genetics
- BRCA2 Protein/genetics
- CA-125 Antigen/blood
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/blood
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/genetics
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/pathology
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures
- DNA Repair Enzymes/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group C Protein/genetics
- Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group F Protein/genetics
- Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group Proteins/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Humans
- Membrane Proteins/blood
- Middle Aged
- Neoadjuvant Therapy
- Neoplasm Grading
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous/blood
- Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous/genetics
- Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous/pathology
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/blood
- Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Ovariectomy
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/genetics
- Prognosis
- Proportional Hazards Models
- Rad51 Recombinase/genetics
- Recombinational DNA Repair/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Survival Rate
- Transcriptome
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roy Kessous
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - David Octeau
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Kathleen Klein
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Patricia N Tonin
- Cancer Research Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada; Departments of Medicine and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Celia M T Greenwood
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Cancer Research Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada; Departments of Medicine and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Manuela Pelmus
- Division of Pathology, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Canada
| | - Ido Laskov
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Liron Kogan
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Shannon Salvador
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Susie Lau
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Amber Yasmeen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Walter H Gotlieb
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dai CH, Li J, Chen P, Jiang HG, Wu M, Chen YC. RNA interferences targeting the Fanconi anemia/BRCA pathway upstream genes reverse cisplatin resistance in drug-resistant lung cancer cells. J Biomed Sci 2015; 22:77. [PMID: 26385482 PMCID: PMC4575453 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-015-0185-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin is one of the most commonly used chemotherapy agent for lung cancer. The therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin is limited by the development of resistance. In this study, we test the effect of RNA interference (RNAi) targeting Fanconi anemia (FA)/BRCA pathway upstream genes on the sensitivity of cisplatin-sensitive (A549 and SK-MES-1) and -resistant (A549/DDP) lung cancer cells to cisplatin. RESULT Using small interfering RNA (siRNA), knockdown of FANCF, FANCL, or FANCD2 inhibited function of the FA/BRCA pathway in A549, A549/DDP and SK-MES-1 cells, and potentiated sensitivity of the three cells to cisplatin. The extent of proliferation inhibition induced by cisplatin after knockdown of FANCF and/or FANCL in A549/DDP cells was significantly greater than in A549 and SK-MES-1 cells, suggesting that depletion of FANCF and/or FANCL can reverse resistance of cisplatin-resistant lung cancer cells to cisplatin. Furthermore, knockdown of FANCL resulted in higher cisplatin sensitivity and dramatically elevated apoptosis rates compared with knockdown of FANCF in A549/DDP cells, indicating that FANCL play an important role in the repair of cisplatin-induced DNA damage. CONCLUSION Knockdown of FANCF, FANCL, or FANCD2 by RNAi could synergize the effect of cisplatin on suppressing cell proliferation in cisplatin-resistant lung cancer cells through inhibition of FA/BRCA pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hua Dai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhengjiang, 212001, China.
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhengjiang, 212001, China.
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhengjiang, 212001, China.
| | - He-Guo Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhengjiang, 212001, China.
| | - Ming Wu
- Institute of Medical Science, Jiangsu University, Zhengjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Yong-Chang Chen
- Institute of Medical Science, Jiangsu University, Zhengjiang, 212013, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Y, Zhao L, Sun H, Yu J, Li N, Liang J, Wang Y, He M, Bai X, Yu Z, Zheng Z, Mi X, Wang E, Wei M. Gene silencing of FANCF potentiates the sensitivity to mitoxantrone through activation of JNK and p38 signal pathways in breast cancer cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44254. [PMID: 22952942 PMCID: PMC3429446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia complementation group-F (FANCF) is a key factor to maintain the function of FA/BRCA, a DNA-damage response pathway. However, the functional role of FANCF in breast cancer has not been elucidated. In this study, we examined the effects and mechanisms of FANCF-RNAi on the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to mitoxantrone (MX). FANCF silencing by FANCF-shRNA blocked functions of FA/BRCA pathway through inhibition of FANCD2 mono-ubiquitination in breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and T-47D. In addition, FANCF shRNA inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and chromosome fragmentation in both breast cancer cells. We also found that FANCF silencing potentiated the sensitivity to MX in breast cancer cells, accompanying with an increase in intracellular MX accumulation and a decrease in BCRP expression. Furthermore, we found that the blockade of FA/BRCA pathway by FANCF-RNAi activated p38 and JNK MAPK signal pathways in response to MX treatment. BCRP expression was restored by p38 inhibitor SB203580, but not by JNK inhibitor SP600125. FANCF silencing increased JNK and p38 mediated activation of p53 in MX-treated breast cancer cells, activated the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Our findings indicate that FANCF shRNA potentiates the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to MX, suggesting that FANCF may be a potential target for therapeutic strategies for the treatment of breast tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning, China
| | - Haigang Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiankun Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingwei Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning, China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning, China
| | - Xuefeng Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhaojin Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhihong Zheng
- Institute of Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoyi Mi
- Institute of Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning, China
| | - Enhua Wang
- Institute of Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning, China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning, China
- Institute of Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
The Fanconi anemia (FA) gene family is a recent addition to the complex network of proteins that respond to and repair certain types of DNA damage in the human genome. Since little is known about the regulation of this novel group of genes at the DNA level, we characterized the promoters of the eight genes (FANCA, B, C, E, F, G, L and M) that compose the FA core complex. The promoters of these genes show the characteristic attributes of housekeeping genes, such as a high GC content and CpG islands, a lack of TATA boxes and a low conservation. The promoters functioned in a monodirectional way and were, in their most active regions, comparable in strength to the SV40 promoter in our reporter plasmids. They were also marked by a distinctive transcriptional start site (TSS). In the 5' region of each promoter, we identified a region that was able to negatively regulate the promoter activity in HeLa and HEK 293 cells in isolation. The central and 3' regions of the promoter sequences harbor binding sites for several common and rare transcription factors, including STAT, SMAD, E2F, AP1 and YY1, which indicates that there may be cross-connections to several established regulatory pathways. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and siRNA experiments confirmed the shared regulatory responses between the prominent members of the TGF-β and JAK/STAT pathways and members of the FA core complex. Although the promoters are not well conserved, they share region and sequence specific regulatory motifs and transcription factor binding sites (TBFs), and we identified a bi-partite nature to these promoters. These results support a hypothesis based on the co-evolution of the FA core complex genes that was expanded to include their promoters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Meier
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tumini E, Plevani P, Muzi-Falconi M, Marini F. Physical and functional crosstalk between Fanconi anemia core components and the GINS replication complex. DNA Repair (Amst) 2010; 10:149-58. [PMID: 21109493 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2010.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2010] [Revised: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is an inherited disease characterized by bone marrow failure, increased cancer risk and hypersensitivity to DNA cross-linking agents, implying a role for this pathway in the maintenance of genomic stability. The central player of the FA pathway is the multi-subunit E3 ubiquitin ligase complex activated through a replication- and DNA damage-dependent mechanism. A consequence of the activation of the complex is the monoubiquitylation of FANCD2 and FANCI, late term effectors in the maintenance of genome integrity. The details regarding the coordination of the FA-dependent response and the DNA replication process are still mostly unknown. We found, by yeast two-hybrid assay and co-immunoprecipitation in human cells, that the core complex subunit FANCF physically interacts with PSF2, a member of the GINS complex essential for both the initiation and elongation steps of DNA replication. In HeLa cells depleted for PSF2, we observed a decreased binding to chromatin of the FA core complex, suggesting that the GINS complex may have a role in either loading or stabilizing the FA core complex onto chromatin. Consistently, GINS and core complex bind chromatin contemporarily upon origin firing and PSF2 depletion sensitizes cells to DNA cross-linking agents. However, depletion of PSF2 is not sufficient to reduce monoubiquitylation of FANCD2 or its localization to nuclear foci following DNA damage. Our results suggest a novel crosstalk between DNA replication and the FA pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Tumini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari e Biotecnologie, Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Affiliation(s)
- Najim Ameziane
- Department of Clinical GeneticsVU University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Internal MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - C. René Leemans
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head–Neck SurgeryVU University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Ruud H. Brakenhoff
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head–Neck SurgeryVU University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Hans Joenje
- Department of Clinical GeneticsVU University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- *Hans Joenje:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Meyer S, White DJ, Will AM, Eden T, Sim A, Brown R, Strathdee G. No evidence of significant silencing of Fanconi genes FANCF and FANCB or Nijmegen breakage syndrome gene NBS1 by DNA hyper-methylation in sporadic childhood leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2006; 134:61-3. [PMID: 16803569 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2006.06107.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anaemia (FA) and Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) carry a high risk of haematological cancer. Affected cellular pathways may be modulated in sporadic malignancies and silencing of FANCF through methylation has been shown to cause somatic disruption of the FA pathway. Combined bisulphite restriction analysis for methylation of FANCF, FANCB and NBS1 was used to investigate 81 sporadic acute childhood leukaemias. No methylation was detected at any associated CpG sites analysed. This does not exclude very low levels of FANCF, FANCB or NBS1 methylation, but suggests other factors are responsible for chemo-sensitivity and chromosomal instability in sporadic childhood leukaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Meyer
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Central Manchester and Manchester Children's University Hospitals NHS Trust, Manchester, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Z, Li M, Lu S, Zhang Y, Wang H. Promoter hypermethylation of FANCF plays an important role in the occurrence of ovarian cancer through disrupting Fanconi anemia-BRCA pathway. Cancer Biol Ther 2006; 5:256-60. [PMID: 16418574 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.5.3.2380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with Fanconi anemia (FA) are predisposed to develop ovarian cancer than those without FA, this is largely contributed to promoter methylation of the FANCF gene and subsequent disruption of the FA-BRCA pathway. In an attempt to understand more molecular genetic bases of ovarian cancer, we examined the expression of the FANCF and the status of the promoter methylation of the FANCF gene in ovarian cancer. METHODS Seven ovarian cancer cell lines and eighteen ovarian cancer specimens were selected for this study. Both genomic DNA and total RNA were extracted from fresh tissues and cell lines. The DNA was treated with bisulfite and then analyzed with methylation-specific PCR (MSP) to detect FANCF methylation. The expression of FANCF mRNA was detected with Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Additionally, the proliferation of cell lines before and after the treatment with demethylating agent 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine(5-ADC) was examined with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay. RESULTS The expression of FANCF mRNA decreased in most ovarian cancers as compared with those in normal ovarian tissues. Similarly, the level of FANCF protein decreased in ovarian cancers. The decrease of FANCF was due, in part, to FANCF methylation (five of 12 specimens). The methylation rates were 27.8% (five of 18 specimens) in primary tumors and 14.3% (one of seven cell lines) in established ovarian cancer cell lines respectively. The treatment of ovarian cancer cells with 5-ADC contributed to the following results: the inhibition of DNA promoter methylation, the reactivation of FANCF mRNA expression and protein, and the subsequent reduction in the proliferation of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that FANCF methylation regulates the expression of FANCF at both mRNA and protein levels. Methylation-induced inactivation of FANCF plays an important role in the occurrence of ovarian cancers via disrupting the FA-BRCA pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
An increasing number of studies provide evidences linking disruption of Fanconi anemia/BRCA cascade with sporadic cancers. Given that this pathway plays essential roles in response to the DNA interstrand cross-links, these cancers are expected to be chemosensitive to cross-link based therapy. In the present mini-review we expand the spectrum of possibilities for FA/BRCA disruption and review some works describing functional upstream and downstream events linking disruption of the FA/BRCA pathway to sporadic cancer. This may involve but not limited to epigenetic silencing of the FA-core complex or BRCA1/2, mutations of one or several FA-BRCA genes or modification of encoded products. All this may serve as a platform for occurrence, development and treatment of sporadic cancers and therefore deserves to be in the focus of new research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Lyakhovich
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|