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Cheng Q, Lai X, Yang L, Yang H, Luo Y. Serum CD5L predicts acute lung parenchymal injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome in trauma patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27219. [PMID: 34596119 PMCID: PMC8483880 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 5 antigen-like (CD5L), derived from alveolar epithelial cells partly, is a secreted protein. It is shown that CD5L is associated with lung inflammation and systemic inflammatory diseases, but the relationship between CD5L and trauma-related acute lung parenchymal injury (PLI), acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is unclear. This study aims to explore the value of serum CD5L levels in predicting trauma-associated PLI/ARDS and its potential clinical significance.This is a prospective observational study, and a total of 127 trauma patients were recruited from the emergency department (ED), and among them, 81 suffered from PLI/ARDS within 24 hours after trauma, and 46 suffered from trauma without PLI/ARDS. Fifty healthy subjects from the medical examination center were also recruited as controls for comparison. The serum CD5L level was measured within 24 hours of admission. The receiver operating characteristic analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to identify the correlation between high CD5L and trauma associated-PLI/ARDS within 24 hours following trauma.The trauma associated-PLI/ARDS subjects showed a significantly higher level of serum CD5L on emergency department admission within 24 hours after trauma compared with its level in non-trauma associated-PLI/ARDS subjects and healthy subjects. The initial CD5L concentration higher than 150.3 ng/mL was identified as indicating a high risk of PLI/ARDS within 24 hours following trauma (95% confidence interval: 0.674-0.878; P < .001). Moreover, CD5L was an independent risk factor for trauma associated-PLI/ARDS within 24 hours following trauma.CD5L could predict PLI/ARDS within 24 hours following trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Friendship Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaofei Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Friendship Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangyuan Central Hospital, No. 16 Jingxiangzi Road, Lizhou District, Guangyuan City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Huiqing Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Friendship Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Friendship Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
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Schieffer KM, Emrich SM, Yochum GS, Koltun WA. CD163L1 +CXCL10 + Macrophages are Enriched Within Colonic Lamina Propria of Diverticulitis Patients. J Surg Res 2021; 267:527-535. [PMID: 34256195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation of diverticula, which are outpouchings of the colonic bowl wall, causes diverticulitis. Severe cases of diverticulitis require surgical intervention. Through RNA-seq analysis of intestinal tissues, we previously found that the innate immune response was deregulated in surgical diverticulitis patients. In that study, pro-inflammatory and macrophage markers were differentially expressed in the colons of diverticulitis versus control patients. Here we investigate CD163L1+ macrophages and the pro-inflammatory chemokine, CXCL10, in diverticulitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We assessed tissue from an uninvolved area adjacent to a region of the sigmoid colon chronically affected by diverticulitis and performed Spearman's correlation on transcripts associated with macrophage signaling. We identified altered CD163L1 and CXCL10 gene expression levels that we confirmed by RT-qPCR analysis on an independent cohort of diverticulitis patients and controls. We used immunofluorescence microscopy to localize CD163L1+ macrophages and CXCL10 levels in intestinal tissue and ELISA to measure CXCL10 levels in patient serum. RESULTS We found a positive correlation between intestinal CD163L1 and CXCL10 gene expression and an increased number of CD163L1+ macrophages in the sigmoid colons of diverticulitis patients relative to controls (P = 0.036). Macrophages at the apices of colonic crypts expressed the chemokine CXCL10. Correspondingly, these diverticulitis patients also displayed heightened CXCL10 levels in their serum (P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS We identified a novel population of CD163L1+CXCL10+ macrophages in the colonic crypts of diverticulitis patients and demonstrated increased expression of serum CXCL10 in these patients. CXCL10 may serve as a prognostic biomarker to aid in clinical decision making for diverticulitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Schieffer
- The Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Scott M Emrich
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Gregory S Yochum
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA; Department of Surgery, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Walter A Koltun
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA.
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Nock S, Johann K, Harder L, Wirth EK, Renko K, Hoefig CS, Kracke V, Hackler J, Engelmann B, Rauner M, Köhrle J, Schomburg L, Homuth G, Völker U, Brabant G, Mittag J. CD5L Constitutes a Novel Biomarker for Integrated Hepatic Thyroid Hormone Action. Thyroid 2020; 30:908-923. [PMID: 32183611 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2019.0635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Pathological conditions of the thyroid hormone (TH) system are routinely diagnosed by using serum concentrations of thyrotropin (TSH), which is sufficient in most cases. However, in certain conditions, such as resistance to TH due to mutations in THRB (RTHb) or TSH-releasing pituitary adenoma (TSHoma), TSH may be insufficient for a correct diagnosis, even in combination with serum TH concentrations. Likewise, under TH replacement therapy, these parameters can be misleading and do not always allow optimal treatment. Hence, additional biomarkers to assess challenging clinical conditions would be highly beneficial. Methods: Data from untargeted multi-omics analyses of plasma samples from experimental thyrotoxicosis in human and mouse were exploited to identify proteins that might represent possible biomarkers of TH function. Subsequent mouse studies were used to identify the tissue of origin and the involvement of the two different TH receptors (TR). For in-depth characterization of the underlying cellular mechanisms, primary mouse cells were used. Results: The analysis of the plasma proteome data sets revealed 16 plasma proteins that were concordantly differentially abundant under thyroxine treatment compared with euthyroid controls across the two species. These originated predominantly from liver, spleen, and bone. Independent studies in a clinical cohort and different mouse models identified CD5L as the most robust putative biomarker under different serum TH states and treatment periods. In vitro studies revealed that CD5L originates from proinflammatory M1 macrophages, which are similar to liver-residing Kupffer cells, and is regulated by an indirect mechanism requiring the secretion of a yet unknown factor from hepatocytes. In agreement with the role of TRα1 in immune cells and the TRβ-dependent hepatocyte-derived signaling, the in vivo regulation of Cd5l expression depended on both TR isoforms. Conclusion: Our results identify several novel targets of TH action in serum, with CD5L as the most robust marker. Although further studies will be needed to validate the specificity of these targets, CD5L seems to be a promising candidate to assess TH action in hepatocyte-macrophage crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Nock
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Kornelia Johann
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lisbeth Harder
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Eva Katrin Wirth
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, CVK, Berlin, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik für Endokrinologie und Stoffwechselmedizin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Kostja Renko
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, CVK, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carolin S Hoefig
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, CVK, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vanessa Kracke
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Julian Hackler
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, CVK, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatrice Engelmann
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martina Rauner
- Department of Medicine III; Technische Universität Dresden Medical Center, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden Medical Center, Dresden, Germany
| | - Josef Köhrle
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, CVK, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lutz Schomburg
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, CVK, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg Brabant
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jens Mittag
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Koyama N, Yamazaki T, Kanetsuki Y, Hirota J, Asai T, Mitsumoto Y, Mizuno M, Shima T, Kanbara Y, Arai S, Miyazaki T, Okanoue T. Activation of apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage is a sensitive diagnostic marker for NASH-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol 2018; 53:770-779. [PMID: 29086016 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-017-1398-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A diagnostic marker is needed enabling early and specific diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Our recent findings have indicated that circulating apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM), which usually associates with IgM pentamer in the blood, is activated by its dissociation from IgM. We investigated the serum levels of IgM-free AIM for AIM activation and its possible relationship with development of HCC in NASH. METHODS Serum levels of IgM-associated and IgM-free AIM were evaluated in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver, NASH, and NASH-HCC using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunoblots. Liver biopsy specimens were graded and staged using Brunt's classification. RESULTS Forty-two patients with fatty liver, 141 with NASH, and 26 with NASH-HCC were evaluated. Patients with stage 4 or grade 3 NASH (with or without HCC) exhibited significantly higher levels of both IgM-free and total AIM than those with fatty liver, whereas the ratio of IgM-free-to-total AIM was equivalent in these groups. Among patients with the same fibrosis stage of NASH, those with HCC had significantly higher IgM-free but not total AIM levels, resulting in a proportional increase in the IgM-free/total AIM ratio. Analysis of the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves indicated the high sensitivity of the IgM-free AIM for NASH-HCC. CONCLUSIONS Our observations suggest the activation of AIM in blood in the presence of NASH-HCC, with a significant increase in IgM-free AIM levels. IgM-free AIM serum levels appear to be a sensitive diagnostic marker for NASH-HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Koyama
- Research and Development Division, Eidia Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
- Eisai Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Kanetsuki
- Research and Development Division, Sekisui Medical Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jiro Hirota
- Research and Development Division, Sekisui Medical Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohide Asai
- Research and Development Division, Sekisui Medical Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Mitsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saiseikai Suita Hospital, Suita City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Mizuno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saiseikai Suita Hospital, Suita City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshihide Shima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saiseikai Suita Hospital, Suita City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kanbara
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Saiseikai Suita Hospital, Suita City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoko Arai
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Max Planck-The University of Tokyo Center for Integrative Inflammology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Okanoue
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saiseikai Suita Hospital, Suita City, Osaka, Japan.
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Zhou F, Wang J, Wang K, Zhu X, Pang R, Li X, Zhu G, Pan X. Serum CXCL16 as a Novel Biomarker of Coronary Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Pilot Study. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2016; 46:184-189. [PMID: 27098626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the diagnostic value of serum C-X-C chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) in subjects with diabetic coronary artery disease (T2DM-CAD). METHODS One hundred twenty Chinese subjects, including patients with coronary artery disease (CAD group), diabetic coronary artery disease (T2DM-CAD group), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM group), and healthy controls of similar age and gender (control group), were enrolled in this study. Serum CXCL16 was detected by a sandwich-type enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Simultaneously, other clinical biochemical parameters such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), uric acid (UA), and glucose (Glu) were tested based on standard methods. RESULTS Compared to the levels in the CAD group (3.912±1.061 mg/L) and the T2DM group (4.115±0.876 mg/L), the levels of serum CXCL16 in the T2DM-CAD group were significantly increased (5.707±1.404 mg/L, P<0.01). In the T2DM-CAD group, serum CXCL16 concentrations correlated positively with hs-CRP (r=0.772, P<0.001) and uric acid levels (r=0.476, P<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that hs-CRP might be the only influencing factor for serum CXCL16 levels (β=0.772, P<0.001). Furthermore, in the T2DM-CAD group/T2DM group, the area under the curve of CXCL16 was 0.824, and the area under the curve of hs-CRP was 0.842; no significant difference was found (z=0.245, P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Serum CXCL16 may be a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of patients with T2DM-CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhou
- Cell Biological Therapy Center, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China Clinical College of Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxiang Wang
- Cell Biological Therapy Center, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqing Zhu
- Cell Biological Therapy Center, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongqing Pang
- Cell Biological Therapy Center, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangxu Zhu
- Cell Biological Therapy Center, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghua Pan
- Cell Biological Therapy Center, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
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Greisen SR, Møller HJ, Stengaard-Pedersen K, Hetland ML, Hørslev-Petersen K, Junker P, Østergaard M, Hvid M, Deleuran B. Macrophage activity assessed by soluble CD163 in early rheumatoid arthritis: association with disease activity but different response patterns to synthetic and biologic DMARDs. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2015; 33:498-502. [PMID: 25962601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease where TNF-α is a central mediator of inflammation, and is cleaved from the cell surface by TACE/ADAM17. This metalloproteinase is also responsible for the release of soluble (s) CD163. Soluble CD163 reflects macrophage activation. In RA, sCD163 has been suggested as a marker of disease activity and progression. Our aim is to investigate sCD163 levels in early RA patients. METHODS Soluble CD163 was measured by ELISA from 150 RA plasma samples from the OPERA trial. Averaged disease duration was three months, prior to randomisation with methotrexate (MTX) and adalimumab (DMARD+ADA) or MTX and placebo (DMARD+PLA). Soluble CD163 levels were evaluated in relation to clinical disease parameters. RESULTS Plasma sCD163 at baseline was 2.39 mg/l (1.74 mg/l-3.18 mg/l), mean (95% CI), vs healthy controls: 1.63 mg/l (1.54 mg/l - 1.73 mg/l), (p<0.001). After three months of treatment sCD163 levels decreased significantly (average 23.5%) in both treatment groups. Significant incremental sCD163 levels followed withdrawal of ADA after 12 months of treatment. Baseline sCD163 correlated with CRP and all investigated disease activity markers (ρ=0.16-0.28, p<0.05). In the DMARD+PLA group baseline sCD163 also correlated with CRP during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS Soluble CD163 correlated with disease activity markers in early RA before treatment. Plasma sCD163 may add to currently available disease measures by specifically reflecting changes in macrophage activity as evidenced by increasing levels following anti-TNF withdrawal, despite maintenance of a stable clinical condition achieved by conventional remedies. It remains to be determined whether sCD163 is an early predictor of disease flare.
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MESH Headings
- Adalimumab
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
- Antigens, CD/blood
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/blood
- Antirheumatic Agents/administration & dosage
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/diagnosis
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/physiopathology
- Biomarkers/blood
- Disease Progression
- Early Diagnosis
- Female
- Humans
- Macrophage Activation/drug effects
- Macrophage Activation/immunology
- Male
- Methotrexate/administration & dosage
- Middle Aged
- Patient Acuity
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Receptors, Cell Surface/blood
- Receptors, Scavenger/blood
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood
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Affiliation(s)
- Stinne Ravn Greisen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University; and Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Holger Jon Møller
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | - Merete Lund Hetland
- Copenhagen Centre for Arthritis Research, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Glostrup Hospital; and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim Hørslev-Petersen
- King Christian 10th Hospital for the Rheumatic Diseases, and University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Peter Junker
- Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Østergaard
- Copenhagen Centre for Arthritis Research, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Glostrup Hospital; and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Malene Hvid
- Department of Biomedicine, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Bent Deleuran
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University; Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
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7
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Wittel UA, Schmidt AI, Poxleitner PJ, Seifert GJ, Chikhladze S, Puolakkainen P, Hopt UT, Kylänpää L. The chemokine ligand CXCL16 is an indicator of bacterial infection in necrotizing pancreatitis. Pancreatology 2015; 15:124-30. [PMID: 25661686 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Current guidelines tell us that intervention in severe necrotizing pancreatitis ought to be performed as late as possible. However, when pancreatic necrosis becomes infected, the necrotic tissue needs to be removed. Unfortunately, bacterial infection can only be proven by invasive methods. METHODS Necrotizing pancreatitis with sterile or infected necrosis was induced in mice. Mice serum samples were examined by antibody-based protein array. After identifying candidate proteins that showed strong regulation, the serum concentration of these proteins was examined by sandwich ELISA. Then, human serum samples were collected from patients with mild pancreatitis, severe pancreatitis with and without pancreatic necrosis and patients with microbiologically proven infection of pancreatic necrosis. These serum samples were then analyzed by sandwich ELISA. RESULTS In mice 6 proteins were strongly up-regulated and were further investigated by ELISAs. Of these proteins, CXCL16 and TRANCE (RANKL) concentrations were analyzed in human serum samples. CXCL16 and TRANCE were increased in patients with pancreatic necrosis and abdominal infection. Receiver operated characteristics showed that CXCL16 was superior in predicting infected pancreatic necrosis when compared to C-reactive protein and TRANCE. CONCLUSIONS Serum CXCL16 is increased in severe pancreatitis with infected pancreatic necrosis and identifies patients who benefit from surgical necrosectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe A Wittel
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Universitätsklinik Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Andrea I Schmidt
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Universitätsklinik Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp J Poxleitner
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Universitätsklinik Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gabriel J Seifert
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Universitätsklinik Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sophia Chikhladze
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Universitätsklinik Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pauli Puolakkainen
- Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ulrich T Hopt
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Universitätsklinik Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Leena Kylänpää
- Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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8
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Yamazaki T, Mori M, Arai S, Tateishi R, Abe M, Ban M, Nishijima A, Maeda M, Asano T, Kai T, Izumino K, Takahashi J, Aoyama K, Harada S, Takebayashi T, Gunji T, Ohnishi S, Seto S, Yoshida Y, Hiasa Y, Koike K, Yamamura KI, Inoue KI, Miyazaki T. Circulating AIM as an indicator of liver damage and hepatocellular carcinoma in humans. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109123. [PMID: 25302503 PMCID: PMC4193837 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the fifth most common cancer type and the third highest cause of cancer death worldwide, develops in different types of liver injuries, and is mostly associated with cirrhosis. However, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease often causes HCC with less fibrosis, and the number of patients with this disease is rapidly increasing. The high mortality rate and the pathological complexity of liver diseases and HCC require blood biomarkers that accurately reflect the state of liver damage and presence of HCC. Methods and Findings Here we demonstrate that a circulating protein, apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM) may meet this requirement. A large-scale analysis of healthy individuals across a wide age range revealed a mean blood AIM of 4.99±1.8 µg/ml in men and 6.06±2.1 µg/ml in women. AIM levels were significantly augmented in the younger generation (20s–40s), particularly in women. Interestingly, AIM levels were markedly higher in patients with advanced liver damage, regardless of disease type, and correlated significantly with multiple parameters representing liver function. In mice, AIM levels increased in response to carbon tetrachloride, confirming that the high AIM observed in humans is the result of liver damage. In addition, carbon tetrachloride caused comparable states of liver damage in AIM-deficient and wild-type mice, indicating no influence of AIM levels on liver injury progression. Intriguingly, certain combinations of AIM indexes normalized to liver marker score significantly distinguished HCC patients from non-HCC patients and thus could be applicable for HCC diagnosis. Conclusion AIM potently reveals both liver damage and HCC. Thus, our results may provide the basis for novel diagnostic strategies for this widespread and fatal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayumi Mori
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoko Arai
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Tateishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Abe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Mihoko Ban
- Shunkaikai, Inoue Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Akemi Nishijima
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Maeda
- Shunkaikai, Inoue Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takeharu Asano
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jichi Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, Omiya, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kai
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Kayo Aoyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sei Harada
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Takebayashi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Gunji
- Center for Preventive Medicine, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin Ohnishi
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yukio Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jichi Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, Omiya, Japan
| | - Yoichi Hiasa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Koike
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Yamamura
- Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Toru Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Max Planck-The University of Tokyo Center for Integrative Inflammology, Tokyo, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Yang T, Li ZN, Chen G, Gu Q, Ni XH, Zhao ZH, Ye J, Meng XM, Liu ZH, Xiong CM, He JG. Increased levels of plasma CXC-Chemokine Ligand 10, 12 and 16 are associated with right ventricular function in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Heart Lung 2014; 43:322-7. [PMID: 24856224 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate plasma levels of CXC-Chemokine Ligand 10 (CXCL10), CXC-Chemokine Ligand 12 (CXCL12) and CXC-Chemokine Ligand 16 (CXCL16) in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). METHODS Plasma levels of biomarkers were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 61 patients with IPAH and 20 healthy volunteers. RESULTS Plasma CXCL10, CXCL12 and CXCL16 concentrations were increased significantly in IPAH patients compared with controls, and significantly correlated with N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, tricuspid annulus plane systolic excursion and right ventricular ejection fraction. CONCLUSIONS Increased levels of CXCL10, CXCL12 and CXCL16 are associated with right ventricular dysfunction in patients with IPAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Zhen-Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Guo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Qing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xin-Hai Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jue Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xian-Min Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Chang-Ming Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Jian-Guo He
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China.
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10
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Gooden MJM, Wiersma VR, Boerma A, Leffers N, Boezen HM, ten Hoor KA, Hollema H, Walenkamp AME, Daemen T, Nijman HW, Bremer E. Elevated serum CXCL16 is an independent predictor of poor survival in ovarian cancer and may reflect pro-metastatic ADAM protease activity. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:1535-44. [PMID: 24518602 PMCID: PMC3960624 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In certain cancers, expression of CXCL16 and its receptor CXCR6 associate with lymphocyte infiltration, possibly aiding anti-tumour immune response. In other cancers, CXCL16 and CXCR6 associate with pro-metastatic activity. In the current study, we aimed to characterise the role of CXCL16, sCXCL16, and CXCR6 in ovarian cancer (OC). METHODS CXCL16/CXCR6 expression was analysed on tissue microarray containing 306 OC patient samples. Pre-treatment serum sCXCL16 was determined in 118 patients using ELISA. In vitro, (primary) OC cells were treated with an ADAM-10/ADAM-17 inhibitor (TAPI-2) and an ADAM-10-specific inhibitor (GI254023x), whereupon CXCL16 levels were evaluated on the cell membrane (immunofluorescent analysis, western blots) and in culture supernatants (ELISA). In addition, cell migration was assessed using scratch assays. RESULTS sCXCL16 independently predicted for poor survival (hazard ratio=2.28, 95% confidence interval=1.29-4.02, P=0.005), whereas neither CXCL16 nor CXCR6 expression correlated with survival. Further, CXCL16/CXCR6 expression and serum sCXCL16 levels did not associate with lymphocyte infiltration. In vitro inhibition of both ADAM-17 and ADAM-10, but especially the latter, decreased CXCL16 membrane shedding and strongly reduced cell migration of A2780 and cultured primary OC-derived malignant cells. CONCLUSIONS High serum sCXCL16 is a prognostic marker for poor survival of OC patients, possibly reflecting ADAM-10 and ADAM-17 pro-metastatic activity. Therefore, serum sCXCL16 levels may be a pseudomarker that identifies patients with highly metastatic tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J M Gooden
- 1] Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands [2] Department of Surgery, Translational Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - V R Wiersma
- Department of Surgery, Translational Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Boerma
- 1] Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands [2] Department of Microbiology, Molecular Virology Section, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - N Leffers
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H M Boezen
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - K A ten Hoor
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H Hollema
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A M E Walenkamp
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - T Daemen
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Virology Section, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H W Nijman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - E Bremer
- Department of Surgery, Translational Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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11
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Zhao L, Wu F, Jin L, Lu T, Yang L, Pan X, Shao C, Li X, Lin Z. Serum CXCL16 as a novel marker of renal injury in type 2 diabetes mellitus. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87786. [PMID: 24489966 PMCID: PMC3906379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soluble C-X-C chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16), a scavenger receptor for oxidized low density lipoprotein, has been shown to promote atherogenic effects in vivo and to predict long-term mortality in acute coronary syndrome. The aim of this study was to explore the association of circulating CXCL16 levels with diabetic subjects with and without renal disease. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS One hundred twenty Chinese subjects, which included patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), diabetic nephropathy (DN), and CKD, as well as healthy controls, were enrolled in this study. Serum CXCL16 levels were examined by immunoassay and other clinical biochemical parameters were tested based on standard methods. Our results indicated that, HDL and LDL cholesterol levels are significantly different in DN but not in T2D patients in comparison with healthy subjects. On the other hand, Serum CXCL16 levels were significantly increased in DN subjects compared with age and gender matched healthy and T2DM subjects (p<0.05 respectively). However, no significant changes in serum CXCL16 levels were found between T2DM and healthy subjects. Furthermore, serum CXCL16 concentration negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtrate rate, creatinine clearance rate and blood albumin, and positively with 24 h proteinuria, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and uric acid after adjusting for age, gender and BMI in subjects with DN. Multiple stepwise regression analyses indicated that serum CXCL16 levels were independently associated with serum 24 h proteinuria, and BUN (p<0.05 respectively). CONCLUSION Serum CXCL16 may be an indicator of renal injury in subjects with T2DM. Understanding the exact mechanism of elevated CXCL16 in subjects with DN requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leping Zhao
- The affiliated Yueqing Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Zhejiang, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Leigang Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan College Park, Wenzhou Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingting Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan College Park, Wenzhou Zhejiang, China
| | - Lihui Yang
- The affiliated Yueqing Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuebo Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan College Park, Wenzhou Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuanfeng Shao
- The affiliated Yueqing Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan College Park, Wenzhou Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuofeng Lin
- Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan College Park, Wenzhou Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail:
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12
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Holven KB, Retterstøl K, Ueland T, Ulven SM, Nenseter MS, Sandvik M, Narverud I, Berge KE, Ose L, Aukrust P, Halvorsen B. Subjects with low plasma HDL cholesterol levels are characterized by an inflammatory and oxidative phenotype. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78241. [PMID: 24244297 PMCID: PMC3823918 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have shown that low plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but the mechanisms for the possible atheroprotective effects of HDL cholesterol have still not been fully clarified, in particular in relation to clinical studies. OBJECTIVE To examine the inflammatory, anti-oxidative and metabolic phenotype of subjects with low plasma HDL cholesterol levels. METHODS AND RESULTS Fifteen subjects with low HDL cholesterol levels (eleven males and four females) and 19 subjects with high HDL (three males and 16 females) were recruited. Low HDL cholesterol was defined as ≤10th age/sex specific percentile and high HDL-C was defined as ≥90 age/sex specific percentile. Inflammatory markers in circulation and PBMC gene expression of cholesterol efflux mediators were measured. Our main findings were: (i) subjects with low plasma HDL cholesterol levels were characterized by increased plasma levels of CRP, MMP-9, neopterin, CXCL16 and ICAM-1 as well as low plasma levels of adiponectin, suggesting an inflammatory phenotype; (ii) these individuals also had reduced paraoxonase (PON)1 activity in plasma and PON2 gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) accompanied by increased plasma levels of oxidized LDL suggesting decreased anti-oxidative capacity; and (iii) PBMC from low HDL subjects also had decreased mRNA levels of ABCA1 and ABCG1, suggesting impaired reverse cholesterol transport. CONCLUSION Subjects with low plasma HDL cholesterol levels are characterized by an inflammatory and oxidative phenotype that could contribute to the increased risk of atherosclerotic disorders in these subjects with low HDL levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten B. Holven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Kjetil Retterstøl
- Department of Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- The Lipid Clinic, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- OsloUniversity Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- OsloUniversity Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stine M. Ulven
- Department of Health, Nutrition and Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit S. Nenseter
- The Lipid Clinic, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- OsloUniversity Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Sandvik
- Department of Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingunn Narverud
- Department of Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut E. Berge
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- OsloUniversity Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Leiv Ose
- Department of Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- The Lipid Clinic, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- OsloUniversity Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Disease Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- OsloUniversity Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammatory Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bente Halvorsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- OsloUniversity Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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13
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Holmøy T, Løken-Amsrud KI, Bakke SJ, Beiske AG, Bjerve KS, Hovdal H, Lilleås F, Midgard R, Pedersen T, Šaltytė Benth J, Torkildsen Ø, Wergeland S, Myhr KM, Michelsen AE, Aukrust P, Ueland T. Inflammation markers in multiple sclerosis: CXCL16 reflects and may also predict disease activity. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75021. [PMID: 24069377 PMCID: PMC3777920 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Serum markers of inflammation are candidate biomarkers in multiple sclerosis (MS). ω-3 fatty acids are suggested to have anti-inflammatory properties that might be beneficial in MS. We aimed to explore the relationship between serum levels of inflammation markers and MRI activity in patients with relapsing remitting MS, as well as the effect of ω-3 fatty acids on these markers. Methods We performed a prospective cohort study in 85 relapsing remitting MS patients who participated in a randomized clinical trial of ω-3 fatty acids versus placebo (the OFAMS study). During a period of 24 months 12 repeated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and nine serum samples were obtained. We measured 10 inflammation markers, including general down-stream markers of inflammation, specific markers of up-stream inflammatory pathways, endothelial action, and matrix regulation. Results After Bonferroni correction, increasing serum levels of CXCL16 and osteoprotegerin were associated with low odds ratio for simultaneous MRI activity, whereas a positive association was observed for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 9. CXCL16 were also associated with low MRI activity the next month, but this was not significant after Bonferroni correction. In agreement with previously reported MRI and clinical results, ω-3 fatty acid treatment did not induce any change in the inflammation markers. Conclusions Serum levels of CXCL16, MMP-9, and osteoprotegerin reflect disease activity in MS, but are not affected by ω-3 fatty acid treatment. CXCL16 could be a novel biomarker and potential predictor of disease activity in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trygve Holmøy
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Kristin Ingeleiv Løken-Amsrud
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Søren Jacob Bakke
- Department of Neuroradiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Kristian S. Bjerve
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Harald Hovdal
- Department of Neurology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Rune Midgard
- Department of Neurology, Molde Hospital, Molde, Norway
- Unit for Applied Clinical Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Jutrate Šaltytė Benth
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Helse Sør-Øst Health Services Research Centre, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Øivind Torkildsen
- Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- KG KG Jebsen MS Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stig Wergeland
- Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- KG KG Jebsen MS Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kjell-Morten Myhr
- Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- KG KG Jebsen MS Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Annika E. Michelsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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14
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Yilmaz S, Cinar M, Pekel A, Simsek I, Musabak U, Erdem H, Pay S. The expression of transmembrane and soluble CXCL16 and the relation with interferon-alpha secretion in patients with Behçet's disease. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2013; 31:84-87. [PMID: 24064021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES CXCL16 is a member of CXC chemokine, which is synthesised in plasmacytoid dendritic cell as a transmembrane molecule. Transmembrane CXCL16 on plasmacytoid dendritic cell plays a role in binding, uptaking and accumulation of CpG D ODN in early endosomes rather then lysosomal vesicles, thereby causing a high level of interferon-alpha secretion. Previously, we disclosed pronounced interferon-alpha production from these cells in patients with Behçet's disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between the secretion of IFN-α and the expression of CXCL16 on surface of plasmacytoid dendritic cell from patients with Behçet's disease, and compare it with patients with ankylosing spondylitis and healthy controls. METHODS The study population consisted of 73 cases (35 with Behçet's disease, 19 with ankylosing spondylitis and 19 controls). We investigated the expression of CXCL16 on surface of plasmacytoid dendritic cells by flow cytometry, and the serum levels of IFN-α and CXCL16 with ELISA. RESULTS Serum levels of IFN-α in patients with Behçet's disease were significantly higher than the controls (p=0.009), and than patients with ankylosing spondylitis, but not statistically significant (p=0.124). Serum levels of CXCL16 in patients with Behçet's disease and patients with ankylosing spondylitis were significantly higher than controls (p=0.009, p=0.003, respectively). We found no difference in the percentage and MFI of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and CD123+CXCL16+ cells determined by flow cytometry among the study and control groups. In patients with Behçet's disease, a positive correlation was found between the percentage of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and CD123+CXCL16+ cells (p<0.001). Furthermore, there was also a positive correlation between the percentage of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and serum levels of CXCL16 in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (p=0.001). In addition, there was a positive correlation between the percentage of CD123+CXCL16+ cells and serum levels of IFN-α in Behçet's disease group (p=0.034). We could not find any significant difference in other comparisons. CONCLUSIONS We suggested that the expression of transmembrane CXCL16 on surface of plasmacytoid dendritic cell might contribute to high serum IFN-α levels seen in patients with BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedat Yilmaz
- Division of Rheumatology, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara,Turkey.
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15
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Zhuge X, Wang LL, Sun N, Zhang Y. [Correlation of elevated serum CXCL16 and severity of acute coronary syndromes in male elders]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2011; 91:3271-3274. [PMID: 22333148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the level of circulating soluble CXC-chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) in different types of coronary artery disease and its association with severity of disease. METHODS A total of 204 male elders, aged 60 - 92 years old, were recruited and divided into control group (n = 40), stable angina pectoris group (SAP, n = 80) and acute coronary syndrome group (ACS, n = 84). enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to examine the concentration of serum soluble CXCL16. RESULTS As compared with the control (1.87 mg/L) and SAP groups (2.01 mg/L), CXCL16 level was significantly increased in ACS group (2.35 mg/L) P = (0.001, 0.026). Correlation analysis showed that CXCL16 was associated with age (r = 0.152, P = 0.038) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (r = 0.270, P < 0.001). When categorizing CXCL16 into quartiles, logistic analysis adjusted for age and CRP showed that the higher CXCL16 concentrations significantly increased the risk of ACS but not SAP. The odds ratio of group IV OR (95%CI) were 7.91(2.41 - 21.54) versus group I as reference in ACS. CONCLUSION The elevated level of circulating soluble CXCL16 is associated with severity of disease in male elder ACS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhuge
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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16
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Yang HL, Xu YY, DU LF, Liu CH, Zhao Q, Wei WJ, You Y, Quan ZH. Chemokine SR-PSOX/CXCL16 expression in peripheral blood of patients with acute coronary syndrome. Chin Med J (Engl) 2008; 121:112-117. [PMID: 18272035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scavenger receptor that binds phosphatidylserine and oxidized lipoprotein/CXC chemokine ligand 16 (SR-PSOX/CXCL16) promotes foam cell formation through the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha mediated mechanism. Because chemokine CXCL16 could be expressed in atherosclerotic lesions and induce smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, we presume that the monocyte SR-PSOX/CXCL16 detection in the patients' peripheral blood will be important for early diagnosis and prognosis of atherosclerosis (AS). METHODS Enrolled in this study were 40 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), including 20 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 20 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 20 normal controls. Monocytes in the peripheral blood were isolated, and the changes of expression of CXCL16/SR-PSOX mRNA were compared using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), with beta-actin as internal control. We compared the expression of CXCL16/SR-PSOX in the ACS subgroups, using Western-blot to analyze protein expression levels. Tissue sections were made from biopsy specimens taken from patients with infective endocarditis, liver cirrhosis, and lung cancer as well as normal controls. And the expression of CXCL16/SR-PSOX was analyzed with a confocal microscope. RESULTS The expression of CXCL16/SR-PSOX mRNA and protein in the monocytes of peripheral blood was significantly higher in ACS patients than in normal controls (P < 0.05); however, there was no significant difference in CXCL16/SR-PSOX expression between UAP group and AMI group (P > 0.05). Immunofluorescence showed that there were low expression of SR-PSOX in normal vascular endothelial cells and enhanced expression in every layer of the infected vessels, while spreading from endothelial cells to surrounding tissues as infection worsens. Confocal microscopy showed that the expression of SR-PSOX was enhanced in the infiltrated lymphocytes in liver cirrhosis, and that the expression level was proportionate to the degree of inflammation in the portal hepatis and folia. CONCLUSIONS The expression of CXCL16/SR-PSOX in the monocytes of peripheral blood was significantly higher in ACS patients than in the controls. CXCL16/SR-PSOX-mediated inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of ACS, and CXCL16 may play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of AS in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-ling Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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17
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Levy AP, Purushothaman KR, Levy NS, Purushothaman M, Strauss M, Asleh R, Marsh S, Cohen O, Moestrup SK, Moller HJ, Zias EA, Benhayon D, Fuster V, Moreno PR. Downregulation of the Hemoglobin Scavenger Receptor in Individuals With Diabetes and the Hp 2-2 Genotype. Circ Res 2007; 101:106-10. [PMID: 17525367 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.107.149435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM), the haptoglobin (Hp) genotype is a major determinant of susceptibility to myocardial infarction. We have proposed that this is because of DM and Hp genotype–dependent differences in the response to intraplaque hemorrhage. The macrophage hemoglobin scavenging receptor CD163 plays an essential role in the clearance of hemoglobin released from lysed red blood cells after intraplaque hemorrhage. We sought to test the hypothesis that expression of CD163 is DM and Hp genotype–dependent. CD163 was quantified in plaques by immunohistochemistry, on peripheral blood monocytes (PBMs) by FACS, and as soluble CD163 (sCD163) in plasma by ELISA. In DM plaques, despite an increase in macrophage infiltration, CD163 immunoreactivity was lower, resulting in a dramatic reduction in the percentage of macrophages expressing CD163 (27±2% versus 70±2%,
P
=0.0001). In individuals with DM as compared with individuals without DM, the percentage of PBMs expressing CD163 was reduced (3.7±0.6% versus 7.1±0.9%,
P
<0.002) whereas soluble plasma CD163 was increased (2.6±1.1 μg/mL versus 1.6±0.8 μg/mL,
P
<0.0005). Among DM individuals, the Hp 2-2 genotype was associated with a decrease in the percentage of PBMs expressing CD163 (2.3±0.5% versus 5.6±1.3%,
P
=0.01) and an increase in plasma soluble CD163 (3.0±0.2 μg/mL versus 2.3±0.2 μg/mL,
P
=0.04). Taken together, these results demonstrate an impaired hemoglobin clearance capacity in Hp 2-2 DM individuals and may provide the key insight explaining the increased incidence of myocardial infarction in this population.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD/biosynthesis
- Antigens, CD/blood
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/blood
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus/pathology
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease/epidemiology
- Genotype
- Haptoglobins/genetics
- Haptoglobins/metabolism
- Hemoglobins/genetics
- Hemoglobins/metabolism
- Hemorrhage/blood
- Hemorrhage/epidemiology
- Hemorrhage/genetics
- Humans
- Incidence
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Myocardial Infarction/blood
- Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology
- Myocardial Infarction/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Cell Surface/blood
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Scavenger/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Scavenger/blood
- Receptors, Scavenger/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Levy
- Technion Faculty of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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18
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van Lieshout AWT, Popa C, Meyer-Wentrup F, Lemmers HL, Stalenhoef AF, Adema GJ, van Riel PLCM, van Tits LJ, Radstake TRDJ. Circulating CXCL16 is not related to circulating oxLDL in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 355:392-7. [PMID: 17300746 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.01.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2007] [Accepted: 01/30/2007] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
CXCL16 acts as a scavenger receptor for oxLDL in its membrane-bound form and induces migration of activated T cells in its soluble form. Due to these properties, CXCL16 has been suggested to play a role in both atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our aim was to evaluate the contribution of soluble CXCL16 to the scavenging of oxLDL and its potential as a marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with RA. We found that circulating CXCL16 was not correlated with plasma oxLDL or ApoB and was not related to the presence of CVD in RA patients. Moreover, CXCL16 did not bind and scavenge oxLDL in an in vitro setting. These data suggest that binding of oxLDL by soluble CXCL16 does not play a role in atherosclerosis and, although confirmation in larger studies is needed, that circulating CXCL16 is not related to the presence of CVD in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine W T van Lieshout
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre and Nijmegen Centre of Molecular Life Sciences, The Netherlands
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19
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van Lieshout AWT, Fransen J, Flendrie M, Eijsbouts AMM, van den Hoogen FHJ, van Riel PLCM, Radstake TRDJ. Circulating levels of the chemokine CCL18 but not CXCL16 are elevated and correlate with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2007; 66:1334-8. [PMID: 17350968 PMCID: PMC1994323 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2006.066084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antigen-presenting cells (APC) and T cells are considered to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). CCL18 and CXCL16 are two chemokines that facilitate T cell attraction by APC, of which a role in the pathogenesis of RA has been suggested. OBJECTIVE To compare the circulating levels of CXCL16 and CCL18 in RA with controls and to investigate the relation of CXCL16 and CCL18 with RA disease activity and joint damage. METHODS Circulating CCL18 and CXCL16 levels were determined in 61 RA patients with a follow-up of 6 years and a group of 41 healthy controls with ELISA. Chemokine levels were correlated with demographic data, disease activity (DAS28) and joint damage (modified Sharp score). In addition, serum CCL18 and CXCL16 levels from a cohort of 44 RA patients treated with anti-TNF-alpha were correlated with disease activity. RESULTS CCL18 levels in serum were significantly elevated in RA patients compared with controls, while serum CXCL16 levels were not. In contrast to CXCL16, serum CCL18 was positively correlated with disease activity. Both CCL18 and CXCL16 levels decreased upon treatment with anti-TNF-alpha. Neither CCL18 nor CXCL16 correlated with joint damage and progression. CONCLUSION Here, we show, for the first time, that circulating CCL18 and not CXCL16 levels are elevated in RA patients as compared with controls and correlate with disease activity in RA. More knowledge regarding the regulation and function of both CCL18 and CXCL16 is essential to value their role in RA.
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20
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Rahman SH, Menon KV, Holmfield JHM, McMahon MJ, Guillou JP. Serum macrophage migration inhibitory factor is an early marker of pancreatic necrosis in acute pancreatitis. Ann Surg 2007; 245:282-9. [PMID: 17245183 PMCID: PMC1877000 DOI: 10.1097/01.sla.0000245471.33987.4b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if 24-hour blood concentrations of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), soluble CD14, and CD163 receptors could predict complications associated with acute pancreatitis (AP). SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA Soluble receptor proteins derived from the macrophage-monocyte lineage potentiate the inflammatory cytokine response early in AP. Understanding the temporal expression of these molecules could afford better measures for therapeutic intervention. METHODS Patients with AP (amylase >5 times normal) were recruited within 24-hour of onset of pain. Peripheral blood was analyzed for MIF, sCD163, and sCD14 levels and levels correlated with CRP, APACHE-II score, and clinical disease severity (Atlanta criteria); subclassified as multiorgan dysfunction (MOF), pancreatic necrosis (PN >30% on contrast CT), and death. RESULTS In total, 64 patients with AP (severe, 19: 8 had MOF alone, 7 both PN and MOF, 2 PN without MOF, and 2 single-organ failures with local septic complications) were recruited. Both sCD14 and MIF concentrations were elevated in patients with severe attacks (P = 0.004 and P < 0.001 respectively), and patients who developed MOF (P = 0.004 and P < 0.001). However, only serum MIF was significantly raised in patients who subsequently developed PN (median, 92.5 ng/mL; IQR, 26-181 vs. 31.1 ng/mL; IQR, 5-82, P < 0.001), independently of MOF (P = 0.01). Multivariate analysis demonstrated serum MIF as an independent predictor of PN (P = 0.01; OR = 2.73; 95% CI, 2.72-2.74). CONCLUSION The prognostic utility of 24-hour plasma MIF concentration in predicting PN has major clinical and healthcare resource implications. Its mechanistic pathway may afford novel therapeutic interventions in clinical disease by using blocking agents to ameliorate the systemic manifestations of AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakhawat H Rahman
- Division of Surgery, University of Leeds School of Medicine, St. James's University Hospital, UK.
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21
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van Lieshout AWT, Popa C, van Riel PLCM, Radstake TRDJ. Can CXCL16 be linked to coronary vascular disease? Atherosclerosis 2006; 189:470-1; author reply 472-3. [PMID: 16787649 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2006] [Accepted: 05/03/2006] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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22
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Kageyama Y, Torikai E, Nagano A. Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha antibody treatment reduces serum CXCL16 levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2006; 27:467-72. [PMID: 17051360 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-006-0241-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2006] [Accepted: 09/19/2006] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the change of serum chemokins levels of CXCL16, CX3CL1/Fractalkine, and CXCL10/interferon-gamma inducible protein-10 (IP-10) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), by infliximab treatment. The effects of infliximab treatment were studied in 23 patients with RA, over a period of 30 weeks. The serum levels of CXCL16, Fractalkine, and IP-10, were measured at the baseline, just before initial treatment, and at 14 and 30 weeks after the initial treatment, with infliximab by ELISA. The higher levels of serum CXCL16 in the RA patients before treatment with infliximab significantly decreased at 14 and 30 weeks after the initial treatment with infliximab, but the serum Fractalkine and IP-10 levels did not decrease significantly. Infliximab treatment significantly lowered the serum levels of CXCL16 in patients with RA. CXCL16 is one of the crucial chemokines regulated by infliximab treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Kageyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan.
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23
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Handberg A, Levin K, Højlund K, Beck-Nielsen H. Identification of the oxidized low-density lipoprotein scavenger receptor CD36 in plasma: a novel marker of insulin resistance. Circulation 2006; 114:1169-76. [PMID: 16952981 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.106.626135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage CD36 scavenges oxidized low-density lipoprotein, leading to foam cell formation, and appears to be a key proatherogenic molecule. Increased expression of CD36 has been attributed to hyperglycemia and to defective macrophage insulin signaling in insulin resistance. Premature atherosclerosis is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes. Here, we report the identification of a soluble form of CD36 (sCD36) in plasma and hypothesize that sCD36 would be elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. METHODS AND RESULTS sCD36 in plasma was demonstrated by immunopurification and Western blotting. We established ELISA assays to determine sCD36 in plasma and measured sCD36 in obese type 2 diabetic patients, obese nondiabetic relatives, and obese and lean control subjects. sCD36 was markedly elevated in type 2 diabetic patients compared with both lean (5-fold) and obese (2- to 3-fold) control subjects. There was a strong, inverse correlation between sCD36 and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal and a direct correlation with fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, and body mass index. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates sCD36 in plasma for the first time. sCD36 is highly related to risk factors of accelerated atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes such as insulin resistance and glycemic control, and we propose that sCD36 might represent a marker of the metabolic syndrome and a potential surrogate marker of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aase Handberg
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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24
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Morgan AJ, Guillen C, Symon FA, Huynh TT, Berry MA, Entwisle JJ, Briskin M, Pavord ID, Wardlaw AJ. Expression of CXCR6 and its ligand CXCL16 in the lung in health and disease. Clin Exp Allergy 2006; 35:1572-80. [PMID: 16393323 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02383.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemokine receptors (CR) play an important role in T cell migration, but their contribution to lung trafficking is unclear. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that if a particular CR was involved in T cell homing its expression would be enriched on lung T cells compared with peripheral blood T cells (PBT). METHODS We have measured the CR expression on BAL T cells from patients with sarcoid, other interstitial lung diseases (ILD), asthma and healthy volunteers. RESULTS Of 14 CR studied in sarcoid, CXCR6 expression was the most markedly increased in the lung compared with the blood, a finding that was also seen in ILD patients. A striking although lesser increase was also seen in asthmatics and healthy controls. Analysis of expression of the CXCR6 ligand, CXCL16, by immunohistochemistry suggested that alveolar macrophages (AM) were the major source of CXCL16 in the lung. AM expressed mRNA for CXCL16 and released nanogram quantities after adhesion to plastic as shown by RT-PCR, Western blotting and ELISA. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from all subjects contained large amounts of CXCL16. The full-length CXCL16 was the predominant isoform in AM lysates, supernatants and BAL. CONCLUSION This data suggests that CXCR6 and CXCL16 may play a role in T cell recruitment to the lung.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Asthma/immunology
- Biomarkers/analysis
- Blotting, Western
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/chemistry
- Case-Control Studies
- Chemokine CXCL16
- Chemokines, CXC/analysis
- Chemokines, CXC/blood
- Chemokines, CXC/genetics
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry/methods
- Lung/immunology
- Lung Diseases/immunology
- Lymphocyte Count
- Macrophages, Alveolar/immunology
- Male
- Pulmonary Fibrosis/immunology
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- Receptors, CXCR6
- Receptors, Chemokine
- Receptors, Cytokine/analysis
- Receptors, Cytokine/blood
- Receptors, Cytokine/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/analysis
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/blood
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, Scavenger/analysis
- Receptors, Scavenger/blood
- Receptors, Scavenger/genetics
- Receptors, Virus/analysis
- Receptors, Virus/blood
- Receptors, Virus/genetics
- Sarcoidosis/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Morgan
- Institute for Lung Health, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Leicester University, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
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25
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le Blanc LMP, van Lieshout AWT, Adema GJ, van Riel PLCM, Verbeek MM, Radstake TRDJ. CXCL16 is elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid versus serum and in inflammatory conditions with suspected and proved central nervous system involvement. Neurosci Lett 2006; 397:145-8. [PMID: 16406320 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2005.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2005] [Revised: 12/02/2005] [Accepted: 12/04/2005] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In neuro-inflammatory diseases, activated T cells are thought to drive the inflammatory process. In this study, we investigated the potential role of three T cell attracting chemokines (CK) in neuro-inflammation. For this purpose, we measured levels of CXCL16, CCL17 and CCL18 in matched serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of patients with different neurological diseases. Interestingly, CXCL16 levels were significantly elevated in the CSF and were higher in inflammatory disease than in controls, whereas CCL17 and CCL18 were absent in the CSF. CCL18 was only elevated in serum of SLE patients. These data suggest that attraction of activated memory type T cells by CXCL16 might play an important role in the orchestration of immune responses in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda M P le Blanc
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
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26
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Aristoteli LP, Møller HJ, Bailey B, Moestrup SK, Kritharides L. The monocytic lineage specific soluble CD163 is a plasma marker of coronary atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2006; 184:342-7. [PMID: 15979079 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2005] [Revised: 04/26/2005] [Accepted: 05/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD163 is a monocyte-macrophage lineage specific scavenger receptor that mediates the uptake and clearance of haptoglobin-haemoglobin complexes, and soluble CD163 (sCD163) is also present in plasma. As atherosclerosis involves infiltration by monocyte-derived macrophages, we investigated whether sCD163 may act as a marker of coronary atherosclerosis (CAD). METHODS AND RESULTS Clinical features were identified and plasma was collected from 147 consecutive patients presenting for coronary angiography. Patients were classified as having CAD+, or being free of CAD- haemodynamically significant (>50% luminal diameter) coronary stenoses in one or more major coronary arteries (1, 2 or 3 vessel disease), and sCD163 concentration was measured by ELISA. Plasma sCD163 was non-parametrically distributed, being significantly higher in CAD+ patients (median 2.47 mg/L, 25th-75th percentile, 1.79-3.5mg/L) than in CAD- patients (2.09, 1.31-2.72 mg/L) (p=0.021, Mann-Whitney U-test). LogsCD163 increased significantly with increasing CAD extent (p=0.0036) and was significantly greater in patients with 3 vessel disease than in CAD- patients (p<0.001). Whereas logsCD163 correlated with CAD extent (Spearman r=0.22, p=0.008), logCRP did not, and sCD163 was only weakly correlated with CRP (r=0.19, p=0.039). Importantly, multivariate linear regression identified that sCD163 (p=0.0021) was a significant predictor of CAD extent and was independent of conventional risk factors age (p<0.0001), hypercholesterolemia (p=0.0023), hypertension (p=0.068), and current smoking (p=0.066). CONCLUSIONS The monocyte-specific marker sCD163 is a novel potential plasma marker of coronary atherosclerotic burden.
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27
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Sheikine Y, Bang CS, Nilsson L, Samnegård A, Hamsten A, Jonasson L, Eriksson P, Sirsjö A. Decreased plasma CXCL16/SR-PSOX concentration is associated with coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 2005; 188:462-6. [PMID: 16378611 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2005] [Revised: 11/16/2005] [Accepted: 11/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate for the first time whether the plasma CXCL16 concentration is altered in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that the novel chemokine/scavenger receptor CXCL16/SR-PSOX is involved in the development of atherosclerosis and CAD. METHODS Using ELISA we assessed the plasma CXCL16 concentration in 40 stable angina pectoris (SAP) patients, 17 unstable angina pectoris/non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (UAP/non-STEMI) patients, 387 survivors of a first myocardial infarction (MI) and healthy control subjects (44 controls for SAP and UAP/non-STEMI patient groups and 387 controls for post-MI patients). RESULTS SAP patients exhibited significantly lower median CXCL16 levels (2111 pg/ml) than the corresponding control subjects (2678 pg/ml) (P=0.0012). UAP/non-STEMI patients also appeared to have lower CXCL16 levels (2192 pg/ml) compared with controls (NS). Patients investigated 3 months after MI tended (P=0.07) to have lower CXCL16 levels (2529 pg/ml) than the corresponding controls (2638 pg/ml). There were no significant correlations between CXCL16 levels and different measures of CAD severity determined by quantitative coronary angiography in post-MI patients. Neither patients nor controls exhibited significant correlations between CXCL16 levels and plasma lipoprotein fractions, inflammatory cytokines, C-reactive protein or numbers of inflammatory cells in peripheral blood. CONCLUSIONS The finding that lower plasma CXCL16 concentration is associated with CAD might indicate a potential atheroprotective function of CXCL16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Sheikine
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, L8:03, S-17176, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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