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Gómez-Carballa A, Pardo-Seco J, Pischedda S, Rivero-Calle I, Butler-Laporte G, Richards JB, Viz-Lasheras S, Martinón-Torres F, Salas A. Sex-biased expression of the TLR7 gene in severe COVID-19 patients: Insights from transcriptomics and epigenomics. Environ Res 2022; 215:114288. [PMID: 36152884 PMCID: PMC9508271 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There is abundant epidemiological data indicating that the incidence of severe cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is significantly higher in males than females worldwide. Moreover, genetic variation at the X-chromosome linked TLR7 gene has been associated with COVID-19 severity. It has been suggested that the sex-biased incidence of COVID-19 might be related to the fact that TLR7 escapes X-chromosome inactivation during early embryogenesis in females, thus encoding a doble dose of its gene product compared to males. We analyzed TLR7 expression in two acute phase cohorts of COVID-19 patients that used two different technological platforms, one of them in a multi-tissue context including saliva, nasal, and blood samples, and a third cohort that included different post-infection timepoints of long-COVID-19 patients. We additionally explored methylation patterns of TLR7 using epigenomic data from an independent cohort of COVID-19 patients stratified by severity and sex. In line with genome-wide association studies, we provide supportive evidence indicating that TLR7 has altered CpG methylation patterns and it is consistently downregulated in males compared to females in the most severe cases of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gómez-Carballa
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain; Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain
| | - J Pardo-Seco
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain; Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain
| | - S Pischedda
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain; Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain
| | - I Rivero-Calle
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain; Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - G Butler-Laporte
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - J B Richards
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - S Viz-Lasheras
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain; Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain
| | - F Martinón-Torres
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain; Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Salas
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain; Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain.
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2
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Gómez-Carballa A, Pischedda S, Rivero-Calle I, Montoto-Louzao J, Martinón-Torres F, Salas A. CD14 and related genes in respiratory morbidity after Respiratory Syncytial Virus infection. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:1295-1297. [PMID: 35714332 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Gómez-Carballa
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain
| | - S Pischedda
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain
| | - I Rivero-Calle
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Montoto-Louzao
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain.,Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain
| | - F Martinón-Torres
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Salas
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain.,Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain
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3
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Cebey-López M, Currás-Tuala MJ, Gómez-Rial J, Rivero-Calle I, Pardo-Seco J, Mendez-Gallart R, Pischedda S, Gómez-Carballa A, Barral-Arca R, Justicia-Grande A, Viz-Lasheras S, Rodríguez-Tenreiro C, Gómez R, Salas A, Martinón-Torres F. Case Report: Everolimus reduced bone turnover markers but showed no clinical benefit in a patient with severe progressive osseous heteroplasia. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:936780. [PMID: 36483469 PMCID: PMC9723155 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.936780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive osseous heteroplasia (POH) is an ultrarare genetic disorder characterized by an inactivating mutation in the GNAS gene that causes heterotopic ossification. Inhibition of the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway has been proposed as a therapy for progressive bone fibrodysplasia and non-genetic forms of bone heteroplasia. Herein, we describe the impact of using Everolimus as a rescue therapy for an identical twin girl exhibiting an aggressive clinical phenotype of POH. METHODS Clinical evaluation of the progression of the disease during Everolimus treatment was performed periodically. Cytokine markers involved in bone metabolism and protein markers related to bone activity were analyzed to explore bone turnover activity. RESULTS The patient received Everolimus therapy for 36 weeks. During treatment, no clinical improvement of the disease was perceived. Analysis of biochemical parameters, namely, β-CTX (r 2 = -0.576, P-value = 0.016) and PNIP (r 2 = -0.598, P-value = 0.011), indicated that bone turnover activity was significantly reduced. Additionally, bone metabolism-related biomarkers showed only a significant positive correlation with PTH levels. CONCLUSIONS Everolimus treatment did not modify the clinical progression of the disease in an aggressive form of POH, although an impact on the protein markers studied was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cebey-López
- Genetics, Vaccines, Infectious Diseases and Pediatrics Research Group (GENVIP), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M J Currás-Tuala
- Genetics, Vaccines, Infectious Diseases and Pediatrics Research Group (GENVIP), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Gómez-Rial
- Genetics, Vaccines, Infectious Diseases and Pediatrics Research Group (GENVIP), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Servicio de inmunologia, Servicio de Análisis Clínicos. Hospital Clínico Universitario (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - I Rivero-Calle
- Genetics, Vaccines, Infectious Diseases and Pediatrics Research Group (GENVIP), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Pardo-Seco
- Genetics, Vaccines, Infectious Diseases and Pediatrics Research Group (GENVIP), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R Mendez-Gallart
- Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Pischedda
- Genetics, Vaccines, Infectious Diseases and Pediatrics Research Group (GENVIP), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Gómez-Carballa
- Genetics, Vaccines, Infectious Diseases and Pediatrics Research Group (GENVIP), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R Barral-Arca
- Genetics, Vaccines, Infectious Diseases and Pediatrics Research Group (GENVIP), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Justicia-Grande
- Genetics, Vaccines, Infectious Diseases and Pediatrics Research Group (GENVIP), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Viz-Lasheras
- Genetics, Vaccines, Infectious Diseases and Pediatrics Research Group (GENVIP), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - C Rodríguez-Tenreiro
- Genetics, Vaccines, Infectious Diseases and Pediatrics Research Group (GENVIP), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R Gómez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Salas
- Genetics, Vaccines, Infectious Diseases and Pediatrics Research Group (GENVIP), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses (INCIFOR), Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - F Martinón-Torres
- Genetics, Vaccines, Infectious Diseases and Pediatrics Research Group (GENVIP), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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4
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Toscanini U, Gaviria A, Pardo-Seco J, Gómez-Carballa A, Moscoso F, Vela M, Cobos S, Lupero A, Zambrano AK, Martinón-Torres F, Carabajo-Marcillo A, Yunga-León R, Ugalde-Noritz N, Ordoñez-Ugalde A, Salas A. The geographic mosaic of Ecuadorian Y-chromosome ancestry. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2017; 33:59-65. [PMID: 29197245 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ecuadorians originated from a complex mixture of Native American indigenous people with Europeans and Africans. We analyzed Y-chromosome STRs (Y-STRs) in a sample of 415 Ecuadorians (145 using the AmpFlSTR® Yfiler™ system [Life Technologies, USA] and 270 using the PowerPlex®Y23 system [Promega Corp., USA]; hereafter Yfiler and PPY23, respectively) representing three main ecological continental regions of the country, namely Amazon rainforest, Andes, and Pacific coast. Diversity values are high in the three regions, and the PPY23 exhibits higher discrimination power than the Yfiler set. While summary statistics, AMOVA, and RST distances show low to moderate levels of population stratification, inferred ancestry derived from Y-STRs reveal clear patterns of geographic variation. The major ancestry in Ecuadorian males is European (61%), followed by an important Native American component (34%); whereas the African ancestry (5%) is mainly concentrated in the Northwest corner of the country. We conclude that classical procedures for measuring population stratification do not have the desirable sensitivity. Statistical inference of ancestry from Y-STRS is a satisfactory alternative for revealing patterns of spatial variation that would pass unnoticed when using popular statistical summary indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Toscanini
- Pricai-Fundación Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Galicia (SERGAS), Spain
| | - A Gaviria
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Centros Médicos Especializados Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana-Cruz Vital, Quito, Ecuador
| | - J Pardo-Seco
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Galicia (SERGAS), Spain; Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; GENVIP Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Galicia, Spain(2)
| | - A Gómez-Carballa
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Galicia (SERGAS), Spain; Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; GENVIP Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Galicia, Spain(2)
| | - F Moscoso
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Galicia (SERGAS), Spain; Laboratorio Biomolecular, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - M Vela
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Centros Médicos Especializados Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana-Cruz Vital, Quito, Ecuador
| | - S Cobos
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Centros Médicos Especializados Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana-Cruz Vital, Quito, Ecuador
| | - A Lupero
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Centros Médicos Especializados Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana-Cruz Vital, Quito, Ecuador
| | - A K Zambrano
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial, Quito, 1701129, Ecuador
| | - F Martinón-Torres
- Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; GENVIP Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Galicia, Spain(2)
| | | | | | | | - A Ordoñez-Ugalde
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Galicia (SERGAS), Spain; Laboratorio Biomolecular, Cuenca, Ecuador; Neurogenetics Group, FPGMX-IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Salas
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Galicia (SERGAS), Spain.
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Pischedda S, Barral-Arca R, Gómez-Carballa A, Pardo-Seco J, Catelli ML, Álvarez-Iglesias V, Cárdenas JM, Nguyen ND, Ha HH, Le AT, Martinón-Torres F, Vullo C, Salas A. Phylogeographic and genome-wide investigations of Vietnam ethnic groups reveal signatures of complex historical demographic movements. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12630. [PMID: 28974757 PMCID: PMC5626762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12813-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The territory of present-day Vietnam was the cradle of one of the world’s earliest civilizations, and one of the first world regions to develop agriculture. We analyzed the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) complete control region of six ethnic groups and the mitogenomes from Vietnamese in The 1000 Genomes Project (1000G). Genome-wide data from 1000G (~55k SNPs) were also investigated to explore different demographic scenarios. All Vietnamese carry South East Asian (SEA) haplotypes, which show a moderate geographic and ethnic stratification, with the Mong constituting the most distinctive group. Two new mtDNA clades (M7b1a1f1 and F1f1) point to historical gene flow between the Vietnamese and other neighboring countries. Bayesian-based inferences indicate a time-deep and continuous population growth of Vietnamese, although with some exceptions. The dramatic population decrease experienced by the Cham 700 years ago (ya) fits well with the Nam tiến (“southern expansion”) southwards from their original heartland in the Red River Delta. Autosomal SNPs consistently point to important historical gene flow within mainland SEA, and add support to a main admixture event occurring between Chinese and a southern Asian ancestral composite (mainly represented by the Malay). This admixture event occurred ~800 ya, again coinciding with the Nam tiến.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pischedda
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.,GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Galicia, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,GENVIP Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Galicia, Spain
| | - R Barral-Arca
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.,GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Galicia, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,GENVIP Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Galicia, Spain
| | - A Gómez-Carballa
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.,GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Galicia, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,GENVIP Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Galicia, Spain
| | - J Pardo-Seco
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.,GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Galicia, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,GENVIP Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Galicia, Spain
| | - M L Catelli
- Equipo Argentino de Antropología Forense, Independencia, 644, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - V Álvarez-Iglesias
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.,GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Galicia, Spain
| | - J M Cárdenas
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.,GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Galicia, Spain.,Grupo de Investigación en Genética Forense - Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - N D Nguyen
- National Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Health, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - H H Ha
- National Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Health, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - A T Le
- National Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Health, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - F Martinón-Torres
- Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,GENVIP Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Galicia, Spain
| | - C Vullo
- Equipo Argentino de Antropología Forense, Independencia, 644, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - A Salas
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain. .,GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Galicia, Spain.
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Gómez-Rial J, Curras-Tuala MJ, Talavero-González C, Rodríguez-Tenreiro C, Vilanova-Trillo L, Gómez-Carballa A, Rivero-Calle I, Justicia-Grande A, Pardo-Seco J, Redondo-Collazo L, Salas A, Martinón-Torres F. Salivary epidermal growth factor correlates with hospitalization length in rotavirus infection. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:370. [PMID: 28558652 PMCID: PMC5450176 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The IFI27 interferon gene expression has been found to be largely increased in rotavirus (RV)-infected patients. IFI27 gene encodes for a protein of unknown function, very recently linked to epidermal proliferation and related to the epidermal growth factor (EGF) protein. The EGF is a low-molecular-weight polypeptide that is mainly produced by submandibular and parotid glands, and it plays an important physiological role in the maintenance of oro-esophageal and gastric tissue integrity. Our aim was to determine salivary EGF levels in RV-infected patients in order to establish its potential relationship with IFI27 increased expression and EGF-mediated mucosal protection in RV infection. METHODS We conducted a prospective comparative study using saliva samples from 27 infants infected with RV (sampled at recruitment during hospital admission and at convalescence, i.e. at least 3 months after recovery) and from 36 healthy control children. RESULTS Median (SD) EGF salivary concentration was 777 (529) pg/ml in RV-infected group at acute phase and 356 (242) pg/m at convalescence, while it was 337 (119) pg/ml in the healthy control group. A significant association was found between EGF levels and hospitalization length of stay (P-value = 0.022; r2 = -0.63). CONCLUSIONS The salivary levels of EGF are significantly increased during the acute phase of natural RV infection, and relate to length of hospitalization. Further assessment of this non-invasive biomarker in RV disease is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Gómez-Rial
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
| | - M. J. Curras-Tuala
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
| | - C. Talavero-González
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
| | - C. Rodríguez-Tenreiro
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
| | - L. Vilanova-Trillo
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
| | - A. Gómez-Carballa
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
- GenPob Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
| | - I. Rivero-Calle
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
- Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
| | - A. Justicia-Grande
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
- Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
| | - J. Pardo-Seco
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
- GenPob Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
| | - L. Redondo-Collazo
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
- Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
| | - A. Salas
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
- GenPob Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
| | - F. Martinón-Torres
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
- Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia Spain
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Coia V, Cipollini G, Anagnostou P, Maixner F, Battaggia C, Brisighelli F, Gómez-Carballa A, Destro Bisol G, Salas A, Zink A. Whole mitochondrial DNA sequencing in Alpine populations and the genetic history of the Neolithic Tyrolean Iceman. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18932. [PMID: 26764605 PMCID: PMC4725900 DOI: 10.1038/srep18932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Tyrolean Iceman is an extraordinarily well-preserved natural mummy that lived south of the Alpine ridge ~5,200 years before present (ybp), during the Copper Age. Despite studies that have investigated his genetic profile, the relation of the Iceman´s maternal lineage with present-day mitochondrial variation remains elusive. Studies of the Iceman have shown that his mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) belongs to a novel lineage of haplogroup K1 (K1f) not found in extant populations. We analyzed the complete mtDNA sequences of 42 haplogroup K bearing individuals from populations of the Eastern Italian Alps - putatively in genetic continuity with the Tyrolean Iceman-and compared his mitogenome with a large dataset of worldwide K1 sequences. Our results allow a re-definition of the K1 phylogeny, and indicate that the K1f haplogroup is absent or rare in present-day populations. We suggest that mtDNA Iceman´s lineage could have disappeared during demographic events starting in Europe from ~5,000 ybp. Based on the comparison of our results with published data, we propose a scenario that could explain the apparent contrast between the phylogeographic features of maternal and paternal lineages of the Tyrolean Iceman within the context of the demographic dynamics happening in Europe from 8,000 ybp.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Coia
- Accademia Europea di Bolzano (EURAC-Research), Istituto per le mummie e l´Iceman, Bolzano, Italy
| | - G Cipollini
- Accademia Europea di Bolzano (EURAC-Research), Istituto per le mummie e l´Iceman, Bolzano, Italy
| | - P Anagnostou
- Dipartimento Biologia Ambientale, Università La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - F Maixner
- Accademia Europea di Bolzano (EURAC-Research), Istituto per le mummie e l´Iceman, Bolzano, Italy
| | - C Battaggia
- Dipartimento Biologia Ambientale, Università La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - F Brisighelli
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
| | - A Gómez-Carballa
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, and Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - G Destro Bisol
- Dipartimento Biologia Ambientale, Università La Sapienza, Roma, Italy.,Istituto Italiano di Antropologia, Roma, Italy
| | - A Salas
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, and Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - A Zink
- Accademia Europea di Bolzano (EURAC-Research), Istituto per le mummie e l´Iceman, Bolzano, Italy
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