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Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Spiro
- British Nutrition Foundation London UK
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2
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Poole J, Bentley J, Barraud L, Samish I, Dalkas G, Matheson A, Clegg P, Euston S, Kauffman Johnson J, Haacke C, Westphal L, Molina Beato L, Adams M, Spiro A. Rising to the challenges: Solution‐based case studies highlighting innovation and evolution in reformulation. NUTR BULL 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Poole
- Institute of Food Science and Technology London UK
| | | | - L. Barraud
- Nestlé Product Technology Centre York UK
| | | | | | | | - P. Clegg
- The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - A. Spiro
- British Nutrition Foundation London UK
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3
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Spiro
- British Nutrition Foundation London UK
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Lockyer S, Cade J, Darmon N, Flynn M, Gatenby S, Govindji A, Quick B, Raats M, Rayner M, Sokolović M, Spiro A, Sritharan N, Stanner S, Buttriss JL. Proceedings of a roundtable event ‘Is communicating the concept of nutrient density important?’. NUTR BULL 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Cade
- University of Leeds Leeds UK
| | - N. Darmon
- French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) Paris France
| | - M. Flynn
- Food Safety Authority of Ireland Dublin Ireland
| | | | | | | | - M. Raats
- University of Surrey Guildford UK
| | | | - M. Sokolović
- European Food Information Council (EUFIC) Brussels Belgium
| | - A. Spiro
- British Nutrition Foundation London UK
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5
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Lockyer
- British Nutrition Foundation, London London UK
| | - A. Spiro
- British Nutrition Foundation, London London UK
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6
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Berry SE, Bruce JH, Steenson S, Stanner S, Buttriss JL, Spiro A, Gibson PS, Bowler I, Dionisi F, Farrell L, Glass A, Lovegrove JA, Nicholas J, Peacock E, Porter S, Mensink RP, L Hall W. Interesterified fats: What are they and why are they used? A briefing report from the Roundtable on Interesterified Fats in Foods. NUTR BULL 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - A. Spiro
- British Nutrition Foundation London UK
| | | | | | | | | | - A. Glass
- Food and Drink Federation London UK
| | | | | | | | - S. Porter
- British Dietetic Association Birmingham UK
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7
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Coe S, Spiro A, Lockyer S, Stanner S. Ensuring a healthy approach to long‐term weight management: Review of the Slimming World programme. NUTR BULL 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Coe
- British Nutrition Foundation London UK
| | - A. Spiro
- British Nutrition Foundation London UK
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Chambers L, Avery A, Dalrymple J, Farrell L, Gibson G, Harrington J, Rijkers G, Rowland I, Spiro A, Varela‐Moreiras G, Vokes L, Younge L, Whelan K, Stanner S. Translating probiotic science into practice. NUTR BULL 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Avery
- University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
| | - J. Dalrymple
- Primary Care Society for Gastroenterology London UK
| | | | | | | | - G. Rijkers
- University College Roosevelt Middelburg The Netherlands
| | | | - A. Spiro
- British Nutrition Foundation London UK
| | | | - L. Vokes
- British Dietetic Association Birmingham UK
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9
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Ureña S, Spiro A. AGING VETERANS AND LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF MILITARY SERVICE: A PANEL DISCUSSION. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Ureña
- Sociology Department & Pepper Institute on Aging & Public Policy, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - A Spiro
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
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10
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Lee LO, Kubzansky LD, J Grimm K, Spiro A. PSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING AND CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK OVER FOUR DECADES: FINDINGS FROM THE VA NORMATIVE AGING STUDY. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.3136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L O Lee
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - L D Kubzansky
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K J Grimm
- Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - A Spiro
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
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11
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Brady C, Pless Kaiser A, Davison E, Spiro A. COMBAT-RELATED TRAUMA RE-ENGAGEMENT IN AGING VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS: CORRELATES OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE OUTCOMES. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Brady
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - A Pless Kaiser
- Behavioral Science Division, National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System
| | - E Davison
- Women’s Health Sciences Division, National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System
| | - A Spiro
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System
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12
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Lindert J, Weisskopf M, Spiro A. Relationships are associated with anxiety and depression in a cohort of ageing men. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky212.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Lindert
- University of Applied Sciences Emden – Leer, Emden, Germany
| | - M Weisskopf
- Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - A Spiro
- Boston University, VA Medical Center, Boston, USA
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13
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Nath R, Aldwin C, Choun S, Kurth M, Spiro A. DO PERSONALITY TRAITS PREDICT CHANGES IN OPTIMAL AGING? LONGITUDINAL FINDINGS FROM VA NORMATIVE AGING STUDY. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy031.3444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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14
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Smith BN, Spiro A, Magruder KM. THE IMPACT OF MILITARY STRESS EXPOSURES ON HEALTH AND FUNCTIONING IN VIETNAM-ERA WOMEN VETERANS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B N Smith
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System & Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - A Spiro
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Departments of Epidemiology and Psychiatry, Boston University Schools of Public Health and Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K M Magruder
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Public Health, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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15
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Schlickewei C, Ridderbusch K, Breyer S, Spiro A, Stücker R, Rupprecht M. Temporary screw epiphyseodesis of the first metatarsal for correction of juvenile hallux valgus. J Child Orthop 2018; 12:375-382. [PMID: 30154929 PMCID: PMC6090185 DOI: 10.1302/1863-2548.12.170208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Juvenile hallux valgus deformity (JHVD) is rare but may be associated with symptoms or deformities that require surgical treatment. Literature recommends waiting to perform surgical treatment until maturity. However, if conservative treatment is not sufficient and the children's psychological or physical suffering is particularly severe, earlier surgical treatment should be considered. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficiency of temporary screw epiphyseodesis of the lateral epiphyseal plate of the first ray metatarsal as a new treatment option for JHVD during growth age. METHODS Between June 2011 and November 2017, 33 patients (24 girls, nine boys; 59 feet) with a JHVD were treated by temporary screw epiphyseodesis of the lateral epiphyseal plate of the first ray metatarsal. At the time of surgery mean age was 11.1 years SD 1.4 (8 to 15). Patients were followed clinically and with standing, weight-bearing radiographs of the feet in two planes. RESULTS In all, 22 patients (39 feet) were included into this study. Mean follow-up was 27.8 months SD 9.9 (12 to 58). The hallux valgus angle changed from 26.5° SD 6.6° preoperatively to 20.2° SD 6.2° (p < 0.001) at time of follow-up. The intermetatarsal angle changed from 14.1° SD 5.4° to 10.5° SD 2.9° during this time (p < 0.01). In two patients (three feet) the screws were removed before the JHVD was fully corrected due to local tenderness over the screw head. In two patients screw migration away from the growth plate was observed, resulting in no further deformity correction in one patient and increasing deformity in the other patient. No other complications were seen. CONCLUSION Temporary screw epiphyseodesis of the lateral epiphyseal plate of the first ray metatarsal seems to be an effective, safe, technically easy and minimally invasive early treatment option to correct JHVD in children with particularly severe suffering. Due to the individual correction rate, frequent follow-up visits are recommended until skeletal maturity. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Schlickewei
- Department of Trauma-, Hand-, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Germany
| | - K. Ridderbusch
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Altonaer Children’s Hospital, Hamburg, Germany,Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S. Breyer
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Altonaer Children’s Hospital, Hamburg, Germany,Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A. Spiro
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Altonaer Children’s Hospital, Hamburg, Germany,Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - R. Stücker
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Altonaer Children’s Hospital, Hamburg, Germany,Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Rupprecht
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Altonaer Children’s Hospital, Hamburg, Germany,Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany, Correspondence should be sent to M. Rupprecht, Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Altonaer Children’s Hospital, Bleickenallee 38, 22763 Hamburg, Germany. E-mail:
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Spiro
- British Nutrition Foundation; London UK
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17
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Wang J, Lee L, Spiro A. COGNITIVE ABILITIES AND ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY: THE VA NORMATIVE AGING STUDY. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.3567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. Wang
- RTI International, Waltham, Massachusetts,
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts,
| | - L.O. Lee
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts,
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - A. Spiro
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts,
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
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18
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Clouston S, Pietrzak R, Kotov R, Richards M, Spiro A, Mukherjee S, Luft B, Bromet E. POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS AND FLUID COGNITION: LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF THE WORLD TRADE CENTER DISASTER. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.1719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Clouston
- Public Health, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York,
| | | | - R. Kotov
- Public Health, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York,
| | - M. Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at University College London, London, United Kingdom,
| | - A. Spiro
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts,
| | - S. Mukherjee
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - B. Luft
- Public Health, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York,
| | - E. Bromet
- Public Health, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York,
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Lee H, Aldwin C, Choun S, Nath R, Spiro A. CHANGES IN DEPRESSIVE AND ANXIETY SYMPTOMS IN ADULTHOOD: FINDINGS FROM THE VA NORMATIVE AGING STUDY. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H. Lee
- School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon,
| | - C.M. Aldwin
- School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon,
| | - S. Choun
- School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon,
| | - R. Nath
- School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon,
| | - A. Spiro
- VA Boston Healthcare System & Schools of Public Health and Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
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20
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Kang S, Lee H, Choun S, Aldwin C, Spiro A. A LIFESPAN PERSPECTIVE ON COMBAT EXPOSURE AMONG KOREAN VIETNAM WAR VETERANS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Kang
- Korea Military Academy, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of),
| | - H. Lee
- Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon,
- Korea Military Academy, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of),
| | - S. Choun
- Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon,
| | | | - A. Spiro
- Boston University Schools of Public Health and Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts,
- VA Boston Health Care System, Boston, Massachusetts
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Lee H, Choun S, Aldwin C, Spiro A. DOES COMBAT EXPOSURE HAVE POSITIVE LONG-TERM EFFECTS? FINDINGS FROM THE VA NORMATIVE AGING STUDY. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H. Lee
- HDFS, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon,
- Korea Military Academy, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of),
| | - S. Choun
- HDFS, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon,
| | - C.M. Aldwin
- HDFS, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon,
| | - A. Spiro
- Boston University Schools of Public Health and Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts,
- VA Boston Health Care System, Boston, Massachusetts
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22
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Spiro
- British Nutrition Foundation; London UK
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23
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Lindert J, Lee L, Spiro A. Life events and mental health. Eur J Public Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckw172.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Spiro
- British Nutrition Foundation; London UK
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Lockyer S, Spiro A, Stanner S. Dietary fibre and the prevention of chronic disease – should health professionals be doing more to raise awareness? NUTR BULL 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Spiro
- British Nutrition Foundation London UK
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Miller
- British Nutrition Foundation; London UK
| | - A. Spiro
- British Nutrition Foundation; London UK
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27
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Lowe M, Spiro A, Vogel R, Donaldson N, Gosselin C. SU-E-E-06: Teaching About the Gamma Camera and Ultrasound Imaging. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4923928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Hooper
- British Nutrition Foundation; London UK
| | - A. Spiro
- British Nutrition Foundation; London UK
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Affiliation(s)
| | - B. Hooper
- British Nutrition Foundation; London UK
| | - A. Spiro
- British Nutrition Foundation; London UK
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Abstract
In recent years, there have been reports suggesting a high prevalence of low vitamin D intakes and vitamin D deficiency or inadequate vitamin D status in Europe. Coupled with growing concern about the health risks associated with low vitamin D status, this has resulted in increased interest in the topic of vitamin D from healthcare professionals, the media and the public. Adequate vitamin D status has a key role in skeletal health. Prevention of the well-described vitamin D deficiency disorders of rickets and osteomalacia are clearly important, but there may also be an implication of low vitamin D status in bone loss, muscle weakness and falls and fragility fractures in older people, and these are highly significant public health issues in terms of morbidity, quality of life and costs to health services in Europe. Although there is no agreement on optimal plasma levels of vitamin D, it is apparent that blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels are often below recommended ranges for the general population and are particularly low in some subgroups of the population, such as those in institutions or who are housebound and non-Western immigrants. Reported estimates of vitamin D status within different European countries show large variation. However, comparison of studies across Europe is limited by their use of different methodologies. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency [often defined as plasma 25(OH)D <25 nmol/l] may be more common in populations with a higher proportion of at-risk groups, and/or that have low consumption of foods rich in vitamin D (naturally rich or fortified) and low use of vitamin D supplements. The definition of an adequate or optimal vitamin D status is key in determining recommendations for a vitamin D intake that will enable satisfactory status to be maintained all year round, including the winter months. In most European countries, there seems to be a shortfall in achieving current vitamin D recommendations. An exception is Finland, where dietary survey data indicate that recent national policies that include fortification and supplementation, coupled with a high habitual intake of oil-rich fish, have resulted in an increase in vitamin D intakes, but this may not be a suitable strategy for all European populations. The ongoing standardisation of measurements in vitamin D research will facilitate a stronger evidence base on which policies can be determined. These policies may include promotion of dietary recommendations, food fortification, vitamin D supplementation and judicious sun exposure, but should take into account national, cultural and dietary habits. For European nations with supplementation policies, it is important that relevant parties ensure satisfactory uptake of these particularly in the most vulnerable groups of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Spiro
- British Nutrition FoundationLondon, UK
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31
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Spiro
- British Nutrition Foundation; London UK
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32
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Aronis KN, Moreno M, Polyzos SA, Moreno-Navarrete JM, Ricart W, Delgado E, de la Hera J, Sahin-Efe A, Chamberland JP, Berman R, Spiro A, Vokonas P, Fernández-Real JM, Mantzoros CS. Circulating irisin levels and coronary heart disease: association with future acute coronary syndrome and major adverse cardiovascular events. Int J Obes (Lond) 2013; 39:156-61. [PMID: 24916788 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2014.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Irisin is a newly discovered myokine, associated with 'browning' of the white adipose tissue, obesity, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this study is to evaluate circulating irisin as a predictor of acute coronary syndromes (ACSs) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). METHODS Sub-study 1: a case-control study, nested within the Veteran's Affairs Normative Ageing Study, evaluating circulating irisin levels in 88 ACS cases and 158 age- and sampling year-matched controls, as a predictor of ACS. Sub-study 2: a prospective cohort study, where 103 participants with established coronary artery disease were stratified by circulating irisin levels at the time they received percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) and were followed for the development of MACE. RESULTS Study 1: there was no association between irisin levels and ACS in otherwise healthy individuals (odds ratio: 1.00 95% confidence interval: (0.99-1.00)). Study 2: the incidence of MACE was significantly lower in the first irisin tertile compared with the second and third (incidence rate 0 vs 0.92 (0.51-1.61) vs 0.57 (0.28-1.14) events per 1000 person-days; P < 0.01). This was primarily driven by the lower incidence of unstable angina (incidence rate 0 vs 0.61 (0.31-1.22) vs 0.43 (0.19-0.96) per 1000 person-days; P = 0.01). CONCLUSION This is the first study to date that demonstrates that, although circulating irisin levels do not predict the development of ACS in healthy individuals, increased irisin levels are associated with the development of MACE in patients with established coronary artery disease after PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- K N Aronis
- 1] Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [2] Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [3] Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Moreno
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - S A Polyzos
- Second Medical Clinic, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - J M Moreno-Navarrete
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - W Ricart
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - E Delgado
- Central Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - A Sahin-Efe
- 1] Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [2] Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J P Chamberland
- 1] Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [2] Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Berman
- 1] Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [2] Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Spiro
- Normative Aging Study, VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University Schools of Public Health and Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P Vokonas
- Normative Aging Study, VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - C S Mantzoros
- 1] Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [2] Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Kolb JP, Schilling AF, Bischoff J, Novo de Oliveira A, Spiro A, Hoffmann M, Amling M, Rueger JM, Lehmann W. Calcium homeostasis influences radiological fracture healing in postmenopausal women. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2013. [PMID: 23179475 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-012-1650-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies suggest that calcium and 25-[OH]-cholecalciferol represent substantial co-factors in fracture healing. However, there still seems to be no sustainable consensus regarding the influence on fracture healing patterns. In this study, the influence of calcium and vitamin D levels on fracture callus formation was prospectively analysed using pQCT scan. METHODS 94 postmenopausal females with distal radius fractures and consecutive surgery were included. Calcium, 25-[OH]-cholecalciferol, parathyroid hormone and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase levels were obtained prior surgical treatment and after 6 weeks. A pQCT scan was performed on both sites. Bone mineral density and fracture callus area were determined after detecting the outer border contour at a threshold of 280 mg/ccm. Patients received daily supplements of 1000 mg calcium and 880 IU 25-[OH]-cholecalciferol. RESULTS Mean 25-[OH]-cholecalciferol level was 19.61 ± 21.87 ng/ml, mean parathyroid hormone level was 52.6 ± 58.9 ng/l and mean Ca level was 2.23 ± 0.35 mmol/l. After 6 weeks of supplementation a significant increase of calcium (p < 0.001) and 25-[OH]-cholecalciferol (p < 0.001), and a significant decrease of parathyroid hormone (p < 0.001) levels were observed. Sixth week follow-up fracture callus area correlated significantly with postoperative normal range calcium levels on the fractured site (p = 0.006). Bone mineral density correlated with age (p < 0.001), but not with calcium and 25-[OH]-cholecalciferol levels after 6 weeks. All fractures presented timely adequate callus formation. CONCLUSION Calcium and parathyroid hormone serum levels influence fracture callus area interpreted as fracture callus formation patterns. Calcium levels within physiological range accounted for highest fracture callus area. Therefore, a balanced calcium homeostasis is required for appropriate callus formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Kolb
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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Baldwin C, Spiro A, McGough C, Norman AR, Gillbanks A, Thomas K, Cunningham D, O'Brien M, Andreyev HJN. Simple nutritional intervention in patients with advanced cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, non-small cell lung cancers or mesothelioma and weight loss receiving chemotherapy: a randomised controlled trial. J Hum Nutr Diet 2011; 24:431-40. [PMID: 21733143 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-277x.2011.01189.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight loss in patients with cancer is common and associated with a poorer survival and quality of life. Benefits from nutritional interventions are unclear. The present study assessed the effect of dietary advice and/or oral nutritional supplements on survival, nutritional endpoints and quality of life in patients with weight loss receiving palliative chemotherapy for gastrointestinal and non-small cell lung cancers or mesothelioma. METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to receive no intervention, dietary advice, a nutritional supplement or dietary advice plus supplement before the start of chemotherapy. Patients were followed for 1 year. Survival, nutritional status and quality of life were assessed. RESULTS In total, 256 men and 102 women (median age, 66 years; range 24-88 years) with gastrointestinal (n = 277) and lung (n = 81) cancers were recruited. Median (range) follow-up was 6 (0-49) months. One-year survival was 38.6% (95% confidence interval 33.3-43.9). No differences in survival, weight or quality of life between groups were seen. Patients surviving beyond 26 weeks experienced significant weight gain from baseline to 12 weeks, although this was independent of nutritional intervention. CONCLUSIONS Simple nutritional interventions did not improve clinical or nutritional outcomes or quality of life. Weight gain predicted a longer survival but occurred independently of nutritional intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Baldwin
- Department of Medicine Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, UK
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Poduslo SE, Huang R, Spiro A. A genome screen of successful aging without cognitive decline identifies LRP1B by haplotype analysis. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2010; 153B:114-9. [PMID: 19367585 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Successful aging without cognitive decline (SA) is apparent in those who escape age-related illnesses, such as cardiovascular disease and dementia. To determine whether there are protective genotypes that increase the probability of successful cognitive aging, a genome-wide screen was conducted on subjects who were 85 years of older, had MMSE scores >26, and had no major illnesses. SNP 500K microarrays were used. The data from the microarrays was analyzed versus that from Alzheimer's patients. Three SNPs in the gene for the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1B (LRP1B) had significant P values, after Bonferroni correction. Additional SNPs were analyzed in this very large gene. Haplotypes in intron 18 were significant for successful aging versus Alzheimer's patients; those haplotypes were not significant when Alzheimer's patients versus CEPH controls were analyzed. These results suggest that haplotypes in the gene LRP1B are significant/protective for successful aging without cognitive decline.
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Cunnion D, Spiro A, Jones J, Rich S, Papageorgiou C, Tate A, Casamassimo P, Hayes C, Garcia R. Pediatric oral health-related quality of life improvement after treatment of early childhood caries: a prospective multisite study. J Dent Child (Chic) 2010; 77:4-11. [PMID: 20359423 PMCID: PMC9773631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study's purpose was to compare changes in parent-reported pediatric oral health-related quality of life between children with early childhood caries (ECC) and children who were caries-free; the ECC children received surgical dental intervention between baseline and follow-up. METHODS A newly developed self-report instrument, the POQL, was administered to 501 parents of 2- to 8-year-old children (caries-free=315; ECC=186) in hospital dental clinics in Columbus, Ohio, and Washington, D.C. RESULTS At baseline, ECC children were more likely to have fair or poor oral health and were rated as having more pain and trouble with physical, mental, and social functioning due to their teeth or mouth vs caries-free children (P<.001). At 6 and 12 months following dental treatment for ECC, there were significant improvements in parental ratings of their children's oral health status and a significant reduction in problems reported with physical, mental, and social functioning (all P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Compared with caries-free children, early childhood caries children were more likely to have worse questionnaire response scores and to experience greater negative impacts on physical, mental, and social functioning. Dental interventions in ECC children had a significant positive impact on parental ratings of their overall oral health and physical, mental, and social functioning.
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Weekes CE, Spiro A, Baldwin C, Whelan K, Thomas JE, Parkin D, Emery PW. A review of the evidence for the impact of improving nutritional care on nutritional and clinical outcomes and cost. J Hum Nutr Diet 2009; 22:324-35. [PMID: 19624401 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-277x.2009.00971.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between malnutrition and poor clinical outcome is well-established, yet most research has focussed on the role of artificial nutritional support in its management. More recently, emphasis has been placed on the provision of adequate nutritional care, including nutritional screening and the routine provision of food and drink. The aim of this literature review is to establish the evidence for the efficacy of interventions that might result in improvements in nutritional and clinical outcomes and costs. METHODS A structured literature review was conducted investigating the role of nutritional care interventions in adults, and their effects on nutritional and clinical outcomes and costs, in all healthcare settings. Ten databases were searched electronically using keywords relating to nutritional care, patient outcomes and healthcare costs. High quality trials were included where available. RESULTS Two hundred and ninety-seven papers were identified and reviewed. Of these, only two randomised, controlled trials and six other trials were identified that addressed the major issues. A further 99 addressed some aspects of the provision of nutritional care, although very few formally evaluated nutritional or clinical outcomes and costs. CONCLUSIONS This review reveals a serious lack of evidence to support interventions designed to improve nutritional care, in particular with reference to their effects on nutritional and clinical outcomes and costs. The review suggests that screening alone may be insufficient to achieve beneficial effects and thus more research is required to determine the most cost-effective interventions in each part of the nutritional care pathway, in a variety of healthcare settings and across all age ranges, to impact upon nutritional and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Weekes
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS AND METHODS Perseveration is common in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We document the type and quantitative burden of perseveration as cognitive decline progresses from normal aging (n = 30) through mild AD (n = 20) to moderate AD (n = 20) by administering a semantic verbal fluency task. RESULTS We found perseveration to increase significantly with increasing severity of AD and different types of perseveration that distinguish the subject groups in a statistically significant manner. Recurrent and continuous perseverations appear early in AD. As the disease progresses in severity into moderate stage, the number of recurrent and continuous perseverations increases, and stuck-in-set perseverations emerge. CONCLUSION The different types of perseveration are likely to reflect the progressive deterioration of different brain regions in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pekkala
- Department of Speech Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Edwards GS, Pearlstein RD, Copeland ML, Hutson MS, Latone K, Spiro A, Pasmanik G. 6450 nm wavelength tissue ablation using a nanosecond laser based on difference frequency mixing and stimulated Raman scattering. Opt Lett 2007; 32:1426-8. [PMID: 17546143 DOI: 10.1364/ol.32.001426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A four-stage laser system was developed, emitting at a wavelength of 6450 nm with a 3-5 ns pulse duration, < or = 2 mJ pulse energy, and 1/2 Hz pulse repetition rate. The laser system successfully ablated rat brain tissue, where both the collateral damage and the ablation rate compare favorably with that previously observed with a Mark-III Free-Electron Laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Edwards
- Free-Electron Laser Laboratory, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
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Spiro A, Baldwin C, Patterson A, Thomas J, Andreyev HJN. The views and practice of oncologists towards nutritional support in patients receiving chemotherapy. Br J Cancer 2006; 95:431-4. [PMID: 16880793 PMCID: PMC2360668 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition in patients with cancer is common and an adverse prognostic indicator. A questionnaire answered by 357 (72%) UK specialist oncological trainees suggests that they lack the ability to identify factors that place patients at risk from malnutrition. Major barriers to effective nutritional practice included lack of guidelines, knowledge and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Spiro
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
- The Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden Hospital, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JJ, UK
- The Gastrointestinal Units, Royal Marsden Hospital, Surrey, UK
| | - C Baldwin
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
- The Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden Hospital, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JJ, UK
- The Gastrointestinal Units, Royal Marsden Hospital, Surrey, UK
| | - A Patterson
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Thomas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - H J N Andreyev
- The Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden Hospital, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JJ, UK
- The Gastrointestinal Units, Royal Marsden Hospital, Surrey, UK
- The Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden Hospital, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JJ, UK; E-mail:
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Khalid U, Spiro A, Baldwin C, Sharma B, McGough C, Norman AR, Eisen T, O'Brien MER, Cunningham D, Andreyev HJN. Symptoms and weight loss in patients with gastrointestinal and lung cancer at presentation. Support Care Cancer 2006; 15:39-46. [PMID: 16786329 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-006-0091-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2006] [Accepted: 05/03/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Weight loss is an independent prognostic factor for decreased survival in cancer patients. The effectiveness of treatment is impaired in patients with weight loss. The aetiology of this weight loss is complex and poorly characterised. Decreased calorie intake may be important. The reasons for decreased intake are unknown. AIMS AND METHODS To determine in adult patients with cancer, who had not started chemotherapy or radiotherapy, the prevalence of symptoms which carry a risk to nutritional status and how these relate to weight loss, tumour burden and primary tumour site. New patients referred for treatment of any form of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, non-small cell lung cancer or lung mesothelioma completed a validated questionnaire recording symptoms contributing to weight loss (Patient-generated Subjective Global Assessment--PG-SGA). In a subset of patients without metastatic disease, computed tomography scans were assessed to determine tumour burden. RESULTS Between August and October 2004, 122 patients with GI and 29 with lung cancers were recruited. There were 48% of GI and 28% of lung cancer patients who had lost weight. Sixty-two percent of the patients had one or more symptoms at presentation. The frequency of symptoms varied according to the site of disease. The most common symptom at all tumour sites was loss of appetite (38%). There was a weak but significant correlation between the number of symptoms and amount of weight loss (r=0.347). Patients reporting a reduced food intake had more symptoms than patients who had not lost weight. Tumour burden did not correlate with weight loss. CONCLUSION The symptoms in cancer patients occur across different types of primary tumours, may affect food intake and have a part in causing weight loss. More information on the role of symptom management in improving nutritional status is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Khalid
- Division of Medicine, Imperial College London, Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK
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Weuve J, Kelsey KT, Schwartz J, Bellinger D, Wright RO, Rajan P, Spiro A, Sparrow D, Aro A, Hu H. Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase polymorphism and the relation between low level lead exposure and the Mini-Mental Status Examination in older men: the Normative Aging Study. Occup Environ Med 2006; 63:746-53. [PMID: 16757504 PMCID: PMC2077996 DOI: 10.1136/oem.2006.027417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether a polymorphism the in delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) gene modifies the neurotoxicity of lead in older adults. METHODS The authors studied men participating in the Department of Veterans Affairs' Normative Aging Study, assessing their recent exposure to lead by measuring blood lead (n = 915) at each triennial clinic visit, and, beginning in 1991, assessing their cumulative exposure by measuring lead levels in tibia (n = 722) and patella (n = 720), using K-shell x ray fluorescence. Starting in 1993 and again at each triennial visit, the authors administered the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to assess their cognitive functioning. The relation of the lead biomarkers to MMSE score was evaluated and this association was compared among men who carried the variant allele, ALAD-2, versus men without the allele. RESULTS Sixteen per cent of men carried the ALAD-2 allele. Median tibia and patella lead levels (first-third quartile) were 19 (13-28) and 27 (18-39) microg/g. Blood lead levels were consistent with non-occupational exposure: only 6% of men had levels > or =10 microg/dl. In multivariable adjusted analyses, higher levels of blood lead were associated with poorer performance on the MMSE. This association was most pronounced among ALAD-2 carriers, among whom a 3 microg/dl increment in blood lead (the interquartile range) was associated with a 0.26 point lower mean MMSE score (95% CI -0.54 to 0.01), compared with a 0.04 point lower score (95% CI -0.16 to 0.07) among non-carriers. The modest 0.22 point difference in these associations did not attain statistical significance, however (p(interaction) = 0.13). The associations between bone lead levels and MMSE score did not vary by ALAD-2 status. CONCLUSIONS Although not statistically significant, these findings suggest that ALAD genotype may modify blood lead's adverse association with cognition among older men who had community exposures to lead. However, despite a relatively large sample size and the use of sensitive methods for measuring lead burden, the evidence overall was fairly weak.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Weuve
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Landmark Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Wang FT, Schwartz J, Hersh CP, Kelsey K, Wright RO, Spiro A, Sparrow D, Hu H. Modifying Effects of GST Polymorphisms on the Lead and Cognitive Function Association. Am J Epidemiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/163.suppl_11.s117-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Neupert SD, Almeida DM, Mroczek DK, Spiro A. The effects of the Columbia shuttle disaster on the daily lives of older adults: findings from the VA Normative Aging Study. Aging Ment Health 2006; 10:272-81. [PMID: 16777655 DOI: 10.1080/13607860500409682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
During 2002-2003 the VA Normative Aging Study conducted an eight-day diary survey of stressors and well-being. A sub-sample of 19 men and 13 women (mean age = 71.78) completed daily questionnaires before and after the Columbia shuttle exploded on 1st February 2003, presenting a unique look into peoples' daily lives before and after a tragic event. Results indicated no significant changes in negative affect or physical symptoms, but people reported significant decreases in both positive affect and memory failures on days following the shuttle explosion. Implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Neupert
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-760, USA.
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Weuve J, Kelsey KT, Schwartz J, Bellinger D, Rajan P, Spiro A, Sparrow D, Aro A, Hu H. 183: Δ-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase Variant, Lead Exposure and Cognition in Older Men. Am J Epidemiol 2005. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/161.supplement_1.s46b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Weuve
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02215
| | - K T Kelsey
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02215
| | - J Schwartz
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02215
| | - D Bellinger
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02215
| | - P Rajan
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02215
| | - A Spiro
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02215
| | - D Sparrow
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02215
| | - A Aro
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02215
| | - H Hu
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02215
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Wang FT, Wright RO, Schwartz J, Weuve J, Spiro A, Hu H. 186-S: Modifying Effects of the Hemochromatosis Variants on Lead Burden and Cognitive Decline. Am J Epidemiol 2005. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/161.supplement_1.s47a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F T Wang
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - R O Wright
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - J Schwartz
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - J Weuve
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - A Spiro
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - H Hu
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115
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Abstract
Prior research has rarely examined the impact of ADA-recommended preventive practices on tooth retention. We hypothesized that better oral hygiene leads to increased tooth retention. We examined the association of cross-sectional and long-term assessments of preventive practices, as well as various combinations of hygiene practices, with tooth retention. Among 736 male participants in the VA Dental Longitudinal Study, we utilized cross-sectional and longitudinal self-reports of toothbrushing, dental floss use, annual prophylaxis, and combinations of such behaviors, and examined their association with clinically assessed numbers of teeth. Baseline and long-term hygiene behaviors (except brushing) were associated with an increased baseline number of teeth and decreased subsequent tooth loss. Use of multiple hygiene behaviors was associated with greater tooth retention, cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Adherence to ADA recommendations for preventive care leads to better oral health, and consistently practicing preventive behaviors over the long term confers greater benefits than doing so over the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Kressin
- Center for Health Quality, Outcomes and Economic Research, VAMC, 200 Springs Road, Building 70 (152), Bedford, MA 01730, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The personality trait of negative affectivity (NA) is associated with reports of worse physical health, more symptoms and worse health-related quality of life but its associations with oral quality of life (OQOL) are unexplored. In this study we examined the association of NA with OQOL. METHODS We drew on data from two samples of older men: The VA Dental Longitudinal Study (DLS; n=177) and the Veterans Health Study (VHS; n=514), which included three measures of oral quality of life: the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Measure (OHQOL), the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP), and the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Instrument (GOHAI). For each OQOL measure, and the GOHAI and OHIP subscales, two regression models were estimated to examine the marginal change in variance due to NA: the first model included age, number of teeth, and self-rated oral health, and the second added NA. RESULTS In both bivariate and multivariate analyses, higher NA was consistently associated with worse scores on the OQOL measures. In the regression analyses, NA explained an additional.01 to 18% of the variance in OQOL, explaining the most variance in the OHIP and the least in the OHQOL. The addition of NA explained more variance in the more subjective, psychologically oriented GOHAI and OHIP subscales than it did in the more objective, physical function oriented subscales. CONCLUSIONS Psychosocial factors such as personality are significantly associated with quality of life ratings. Such associations should be taken into account when OQOL measurements are used and interpreted.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Kressin
- Center for Health Quality, Outcomes and Economic Research, VAMC, 200 Springs Rd., Building 70, Bedford, MA 01730, USA.
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Brady CB, Spiro A, McGlinchey-Berroth R, Milberg W, Gaziano JM. Stroke risk predicts verbal fluency decline in healthy older men: evidence from the normative aging study. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2001; 56:P340-6. [PMID: 11682587 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/56.6.p340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Risk factors for stroke cause ischemic changes in the cerebral white matter that may affect frontal lobe functions more than other brain functions. Therefore, stroke risk could specifically affect performance on behavioral indexes traditionally associated with frontal lobe function such as verbal fluency. The authors examined this hypothesis in 235 healthy older men (mean age = 66.41 years) who received concurrent medical and neuropsychological examinations twice at a 3-year interval. Relations between stroke risk and decline in verbal fluency, memory, and visuospatial performance were analyzed through regression, controlling for age and education. Age was associated with decline in all cognitive functions; stroke risk was associated with decline only on verbal fluency. The relation between stroke risk and fluency decline was 80% as large as that between age and fluency decline. These results suggest that stroke risk rivals the effects of aging on verbal fluency performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Brady
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts 02130, USA.
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