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Luca SV, Zengin G, Kulinowski Ł, Sinan KI, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Trifan A. Phytochemical profiling and bioactivity assessment of underutilized Symphytum species in comparison with Symphytum officinale. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:3971-3981. [PMID: 38252561 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Symphytum (comfrey) genus, particularly Symphytum officinale, has been empirically used in folk medicine mainly for its potent anti-inflammatory properties. In an attempt to shed light on the valorization of less known taxa, the current study evaluated the metabolite profile and antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory effects of nine Symphytum species. RESULTS Phenolic acids, flavonoids and pyrrolizidine alkaloids were the most representative compounds in all comfrey samples. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed that, within the roots, S. grandiflorum was slightly different from S. ibericum, S. caucasicum and the remaining species. Within the aerial parts, S. caucasicum and S. asperum differed from the other samples. All Symphytum species showed good antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities, as evaluated in DPPH (up to 50.17 mg Trolox equivalents (TE) g-1), ABTS (up to 49.92 mg TE g-1), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC, up to 92.93 mg TE g-1), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP, up to 53.63 mg TE g-1), acetylcholinesterase (AChE, up to 0.52 mg galanthamine equivalents (GALAE) g-1), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, up to 0.96 mg GALAE g-1), tyrosinase (up to 13.58 mg kojic acid equivalents g-1) and glucosidase (up to 0.28 mmol acarbose equivalents g-1) tests. Pearson correlation analysis revealed potential links between danshensu and ABTS/FRAP/CUPRAC, quercetin-O-hexoside and DPPH/CUPRAC, or rabdosiin and anti-BChE activity. CONCLUSIONS By assessing for the first time in a comparative manner the phytochemical-biological profile of a considerably high number of Symphytum samples, this study unveils the potential use of less common comfrey species as novel phytopharmaceutical or agricultural raw materials. © 2024 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Vlad Luca
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Łukasz Kulinowski
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, Romania
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Assimopoulou AN, Trifan A. Editorial: Global excellence in ethnopharmacology: europe. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1368610. [PMID: 38352147 PMCID: PMC10861649 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1368610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andreana N. Assimopoulou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence (NatPro-AUTh), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania
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Trifan A, Zengin G, Korona-Glowniak I, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Luca SV. Essential Oils and Sustainability: In Vitro Bioactivity Screening of Myristica fragrans Houtt. Post-Distillation By-Products. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12091741. [PMID: 37176799 PMCID: PMC10181112 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The essential oil of Myristica fragrans Hutt. (nutmeg) is an important commodity used as a flavoring agent in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic fields. Hydrodistillation is chiefly employed at the industrial scale for nutmeg essential oil isolation, but such a technique generates large quantities of post-distillation by-products (e.g., spent plant material and residual distillation water). Therefore, our work aimed to propose a novel strategy for the valorization of nutmeg wastes, with beneficial economic and ecological advantages. Thus, the current study assessed the phytochemical (GC-MS, LC-HRMS/MS) and biological (antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, antimicrobial) profile of nutmeg crude materials (essential oil and total extract) and post-distillation by-products (residual water and spent material extract). Identified in these were 43 volatile compounds, with sabinene (21.71%), α-pinene (15.81%), myristicin (13.39%), and β-pinene (12.70%) as the main constituents. LC-HRMS/MS analysis of the nutmeg extracts noted fifteen metabolites (e.g., organic acids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans, and diarylnonanoids). Among the investigated nutmeg samples, the spent material extract was highlighted as an important source of bioactive compounds, with a total phenolic and flavonoid content of 63.31 ± 0.72 mg GAE/g and 8.31 ± 0.06 mg RE/g, respectively. Moreover, it showed prominent radical-scavenging and metal-reducing properties and significantly inhibited butyrylcholinesterase (4.78 ± 0.03 mg GALAE/g). Further, the spent material extract displayed strong antimicrobial effects against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Micrococcus luteus, and Bacillus cereus (minimum inhibitory concentrations of 62.5 mg/L). Overall, our study brings evidence on the health-promoting (antioxidant, anti-enzymatic, antimicrobial) potential of nutmeg post-distillation by-products with future reference to their valorization in the pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey
| | - Izabela Korona-Glowniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life and Food Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
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Barna AS, Maxim C, Trifan A, Blaga AC, Cimpoesu R, Turcov D, Suteu D. Preliminary Approaches to Cosmeceuticals Emulsions Based on N-ProlylPalmitoyl Tripeptide-56 Acetat-Bakuchiol Complex Intended to Combat Skin Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087004. [PMID: 37108165 PMCID: PMC10138778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on the development of a performant formulation for O/W dermato-cosmetic emulsions, which can be incorporated into novel dermato-cosmetic products or used as such. The O/W dermato-cosmetic emulsions contain an active complex based on a plant-derived monoterpene phenol, bakuchiol (BAK) and a signaling peptide named n-prolyl palmitoyl tripeptide-56 acetate (TPA). As a dispersed phase, we used a mix of vegetable oils, and as a continuous phase, Rosa damascena hydrosol was employed. Three emulsions containing different concentrations of the active complex were formulated (0.5% BAK + 0.5% TPA = E.1.1., 1% BAK + 1%TPA = E.1.2., 1% BAK + 2% TPA = E.1.3.). Stability testing was performed through sensory analysis, stability after centrifugation, conductivity and optical microscopy. A preliminary in vitro study regarding the diffusion ability of antioxidants through chicken skin was also undertaken. DPPH and ABTS assays were used to highlight the optimal concentration and combination in the formulation in terms of antioxidant properties and safety level of the active complex (BAK/TPA). Our results showed that the active complex used for preparing emulsions with BAK and TPA showed good antioxidant activity and is suitable for obtaining topical products with potential antiaging effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Simona Barna
- Department of Organic, Biochemical and Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection "Cristofor Simionescu", "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, D. Mangeron Blvd., No. 73A, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Claudia Maxim
- Department of Organic, Biochemical and Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection "Cristofor Simionescu", "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, D. Mangeron Blvd., No. 73A, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universitatii Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandra Cristina Blaga
- Department of Organic, Biochemical and Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection "Cristofor Simionescu", "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, D. Mangeron Blvd., No. 73A, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ramona Cimpoesu
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, D. Mangeron Blvd., No. 41, 700259 Iasi, Romania
| | - Delia Turcov
- Department of Organic, Biochemical and Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection "Cristofor Simionescu", "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, D. Mangeron Blvd., No. 73A, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Daniela Suteu
- Department of Organic, Biochemical and Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection "Cristofor Simionescu", "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, D. Mangeron Blvd., No. 73A, 700050 Iasi, Romania
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Trifan A, Czerwińska ME, Zengin G, Esslinger N, Grubelnik A, Wolfram E, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Luca SV. Influence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids depletion upon the biological activity of Symphytum officinale L. extracts. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 303:116010. [PMID: 36493995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Comfrey (Symphytum officinale L., Boraginaceae) root preparations are used as both traditional remedies and therapeutic agents in treating pain and inflammation associated with joint, bone, and muscle ailments. Even though numerous phytochemicals contribute to the beneficial effects of comfrey, the presence of toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) overshadows its uses. AIM OF THE STUDY In this work, different PA-/mucilage-depleted/undepleted comfrey root extracts were subjected to detailed phytochemical characterization and biological evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The phytochemical profiling was performed by LC-HRMS/MS. The quantification of PAs and major phenolic compounds was carried out by LC-MS/MS and LC-DAD. Antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity was determined by in vitro free radical scavenging, ion reducing, metal chelating, cholinesterase, tyrosinase, amylase, and glucosidase assays. Using an ex vivo model of LPS-stimulated neutrophils, their viability (as measured by flow cytometry) and the release of IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α were determined (ELISA assay). RESULTS 12 phenolic acids, six PAs, three organic acids, two fatty acids, and two sugars were identified in the obtained comfrey extracts. The PA-depleted materials contained PAs levels below 2 ppm, whereas the removal of mucilage increased the content of rosmarinic acid, globoidnan A, globoidnan B, and rabdosiin. PA-depletion did not significantly affect the antioxidant potential. However, the radical scavenging and metal reducing properties were higher in the mucilage-depleted extracts. Neither PA-depletion nor mucilage-depletion had considerable effects on the in vitro inhibitory activity of cholinesterases, tyrosinase, amylase, and glucosidase or release of ex vivo pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α) in LPS-stimulated neutrophils. CONCLUSIONS In light of their superior safety profiles, PA-depleted comfrey extracts can be utilized further in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Monika E Czerwińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland; Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | | | | | - Evelyn Wolfram
- Phytopharmacy and Natural Products Research Group, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8820, Wädenswil, Switzerland.
| | | | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354, Freising, Germany.
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Luca SV, Zengin G, Sinan KI, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Trifan A. Post-Distillation By-Products of Aromatic Plants from Lamiaceae Family as Rich Sources of Antioxidants and Enzyme Inhibitors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010210. [PMID: 36671072 PMCID: PMC9855019 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
There is currently no use for the vast quantities of post-distillation by-products, such as spent plant materials and residual waters, produced by the essential oil (EO) industry of aromatic herbs. In this study, the EOs of three Lamiaceae species (thyme, oregano, and basil) and their total, spent, and residual water extracts were phytochemically characterized and biologically assessed. The collected information was put through a series of analyses, including principal component analysis, heatmap analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis. Concerning the EOs, 58 volatile compounds were present in thyme (e.g., p-cymene, thymol), 44 compounds in oregano (e.g., thymol, carvacrol), and 67 compounds in basil (e.g., eucalyptol, linalool, estragole, (E)-methyl cinnamate). The LC-HRMS/MS analysis of the total, spent, and residual water extracts showed the presence of 31 compounds in thyme (e.g., quercetin-O-hexoside, pebrellin, eriodictyol), 31 compounds in oregano (e.g., rosmarinic acid, apigenin, kaempferol, salvianolic acids I, B, and E), and 25 compounds in basil (e.g., fertaric acid, cichoric acid, caftaric acid, salvianolic acid A). The EOs of the three Lamiaceae species showed the highest metal-reducing properties (up to 1792.32 mg TE/g in the CUPRAC assay), whereas the spent extracts of oregano and basil displayed very high radical-scavenging properties (up to 266.59 mg TE/g in DPPH assay). All extracts exhibited anti-acetylcholinesterase (up to 3.29 mg GALAE/g), anti-tyrosinase (up to 70.00 mg KAE/g), anti-amylase (up to 0.66 mmol ACAE/g), and anti-glucosidase (up to 1.22 mmol ACAE/g) effects. Thus, the present research demonstrated that both the raw extracts (EOs and total extracts) and the post-distillation by-products (spent material and residual water extracts) are rich in bioactive metabolites with antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Vlad Luca
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.V.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey
- Correspondence: (S.V.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey
| | | | - Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Trifan A, Czerwińska ME, Mardari C, Zengin G, Sinan KI, Korona-Glowniak I, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Luca SV. Exploring the Artemisia Genus: An Insight into the Phytochemical and Multi-Biological Potential of A. campestris subsp. lednicensis (Spreng.) Greuter & Raab-Straube. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:2874. [PMID: 36365326 PMCID: PMC9658600 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Artemisia L. genus includes over five hundred species with great economic and medicinal properties. Our study aimed to provide a comprehensive metabolite and bioactivity profile of Artemisia campestris subsp. lednicensis (Spreng.) Greuter & Raab-Straube collected from north-eastern Romania. Liquid chromatography with tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) analysis of different polarity extracts obtained from the aerial parts led to the identification of twelve flavonoids, three phenolic acids, two sesquiterpene lactones, two fatty acids, one coumarin, and one lignan. The antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties were shown in the DPPH (0.71−213.68 mg TE/g) and ABTS (20.57−356.35 mg TE/g) radical scavenging, CUPRAC (38.56−311.21 mg TE/g), FRAP (121.68−202.34 mg TE/g), chelating (12.88−22.25 mg EDTAE/g), phosphomolybdenum (0.92−2.11 mmol TE/g), anti-acetylcholinesterase (0.15−3.64 mg GALAE/g), anti-butyrylcholinesterase (0−3.18 mg GALAE/g), anti-amylase (0.05−0.38 mmol ACAE/g), anti-glucosidase (0.43−2.21 mmol ACAE/g), and anti-tyrosinase (18.62−48.60 mg KAE/g) assays. At 100 μg/mL, Artemisia extracts downregulated the secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human neutrophil model (29.05−53.08% of LPS+ control). Finally, the Artemisia samples showed moderate to weak activity (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 625 mg/L) against the seventeen tested microbial strains (bacteria, yeasts, and dermatophytes). Overall, our study shows that A. campestris subsp. lednicensis is a promising source of bioactives with putative use as food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Monika E. Czerwińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey
| | - Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey
| | - Izabela Korona-Glowniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life and Food Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
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Luca SV, Trifan A, Zengin G, Sinan KI, Uba AI, Korona-Glowniak I, Skalicka-Woźniak K. Evaluating the phyto-complexity and poly-pharmacology of spices: The case of Aframomum melegueta K. Schum (Zingiberaceae). FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Trifan A, Zengin G, Sinan KI, Sieniawska E, Sawicki R, Maciejewska-Turska M, Skalikca-Woźniak K, Luca SV. Unveiling the Phytochemical Profile and Biological Potential of Five Artemisia Species. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11051017. [PMID: 35624882 PMCID: PMC9137812 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11051017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Artemisia L. genus comprises over 500 species with important medicinal and economic attributes. Our study aimed at providing a comprehensive metabolite profiling and bioactivity assessment of five Artemisia species collected from northeastern Romania (A. absinthium L., A. annua L., A. austriaca Jacq., A. pontica L. and A. vulgaris L.). Liquid chromatography–tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) analysis of methanol and chloroform extracts obtained from the roots and aerial parts of the plants led to the identification of 15 phenolic acids (mostly hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives), 26 flavonoids (poly-hydroxylated/poly-methoxylated flavone derivatives, present only in the aerial parts), 14 sesquiterpene lactones, 3 coumarins, 1 lignan and 7 fatty acids. Clustered image map (CIM) analysis of the phytochemical profiles revealed that A. annua was similar to A. absinthium and that A. pontica was similar to A. austriaca, whereas A. vulgaris represented a cluster of its own. Correlated with their total phenolic contents, the methanol extracts from both parts of the plants showed the highest antioxidant effects, as assessed by the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging, CUPRAC, FRAP and total antioxidant capacity methods. Artemisia extracts proved to be promising sources of enzyme inhibitory agents, with the methanol aerial part extracts being the most active samples against acetylcholinesterase and glucosidase. All Artemisia samples displayed good antibacterial effects against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra, with MIC values of 64–256 mg/L. In conclusion, the investigated Artemisia species proved to be rich sources of bioactives endowed with antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory and anti-mycobacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, University Campus, 42130 Konya, Turkey; (G.Z.); (K.I.S.)
| | - Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, University Campus, 42130 Konya, Turkey; (G.Z.); (K.I.S.)
| | - Elwira Sieniawska
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: (E.S.); (S.V.L.)
| | - Rafal Sawicki
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Maciejewska-Turska
- Department of Pharmacognosy with the Medicinal Plant Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | | | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
- Correspondence: (E.S.); (S.V.L.)
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Trifan A, Zengin G, Brebu M, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Luca SV. Phytochemical Characterization and Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Anti-Enzymatic Activity of Five Common Spices: Focus on Their Essential Oils and Spent Material Extractives. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10122692. [PMID: 34961163 PMCID: PMC8708095 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The essential oil industry of aromatic herbs and spices is currently producing a significant amount of by-products, such as the spent plant materials remaining after steam or hydrodistillation, that are simply discarded. The aim of this study was to comparatively investigate the phytochemical composition, antioxidant and multi-enzymatic inhibitory potential of the essential oils and spent plant material extractives obtained from cinnamon, cumin, clove, laurel, and black pepper. The essential oils were characterized by the presence of several phytochemical markers (cinnamaldehyde, cuminaldehyde, eugenol, eucalyptol, α-terpinene, limonene, β-caryophyllene or β-pinene). On the other hand, the LC-HRMS/MS profiling of the spent material extracts allowed the annotation of species specific and non-specific metabolites, such as organic acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, hydrolysable tannins, fatty acids, or piperamides. All samples exhibited very strong antioxidant effects, with the clove essential oil displaying the strongest radical scavenging (525.78 and 936.44 mg TE/g in DPPH and ABTS assays), reducing (2848.28 and 1927.98 mg TE/g in CUPRAC and FRAP), and total antioxidant capacity (68.19 mmol TE/g). With respect to the anti-acetylcholinesterase (0.73-2.95 mg GALAE/g), anti-butyrylcholinesterase (0-3.41 mg GALAE/g), anti-tyrosinase (0-76.86 mg KAE/g), anti-amylase and anti-glucosidase (both 0-1.00 mmol ACAE/g) assays, the spice samples showed a modest activity. Overall, our study reports that, not only the volatile fractions of common spices, but also their spent plant materials remaining after hydrodistillation can be regarded as rich sources of bioactive molecules with antioxidant and multi-enzymatic inhibitory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey;
| | - Mihai Brebu
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers Laboratory, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700481 Iasi, Romania;
| | | | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life and Food Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
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11
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Trifan A, Bostănaru AC, Luca SV, Temml V, Akram M, Herdlinger S, Kulinowski Ł, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Granica S, Czerwińska ME, Kruk A, Greige-Gerges H, Mareș M, Schuster D. Honokiol and Magnolol: Insights into Their Antidermatophytic Effects. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:2522. [PMID: 34834886 PMCID: PMC8620735 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Dermatophyte infections represent a significant public health concern, with an alarming negative impact caused by unsuccessful therapeutic regimens. Natural products have been highlighted as a promising alternative, due to their long-standing traditional use and increasing scientific recognition. In this study, honokiol and magnolol, the main bioactives from Magnolia spp. bark, were investigated for their antidermatophytic activity. The antifungal screening was performed using dermatophyte standard strains and clinical isolates. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) were determined in accordance with EUCAST-AFST guidelines, with minor modifications. The effects on ergosterol biosynthesis were assessed in Trichophyton rubrum cells by HPLC-DAD. Putative interactions with terbinafine against T. rubrum were evaluated by the checkerboard method. Their impact on cells' viability and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α) was shown using an ex vivo human neutrophils model. Honokiol and magnolol were highly active against tested dermatophytes, with MIC and MFC values of 8 and 16 mg/L, respectively. The mechanism of action involved the inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis, with accumulation of squalene in T. rubrum cells. Synergy was assessed for binary mixtures of magnolol with terbinafine (FICI = 0.50), while honokiol-terbinafine combinations displayed only additive effects (FICI = 0.56). In addition, magnolol displayed inhibitory effects towards IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α released from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human neutrophils, while honokiol only decreased IL-1β secretion, compared to the untreated control. Overall, honokiol and magnolol acted as fungicidal agents against dermatophytes, with impairment of ergosterol biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Andra-Cristina Bostănaru
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 700489 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life and Food Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Veronika Temml
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (V.T.); (M.A.); (S.H.); (D.S.)
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (V.T.); (M.A.); (S.H.); (D.S.)
| | - Sonja Herdlinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (V.T.); (M.A.); (S.H.); (D.S.)
| | - Łukasz Kulinowski
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (Ł.K.); (K.S.-W.)
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (Ł.K.); (K.S.-W.)
| | - Sebastian Granica
- Microbiota Lab, Centre for Preclinical Studies, Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (S.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Monika E. Czerwińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kruk
- Microbiota Lab, Centre for Preclinical Studies, Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (S.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Hélène Greige-Gerges
- Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Section II, Lebanese University, Jdeidet el-Matn B.P. 90656, Lebanon;
| | - Mihai Mareș
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 700489 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (V.T.); (M.A.); (S.H.); (D.S.)
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12
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Hammoud Z, Kayouka M, Trifan A, Sieniawska E, Jemâa JMB, Elaissari A, Greige-Gerges H. Encapsulation of α-Pinene in Delivery Systems Based on Liposomes and Cyclodextrins. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226840. [PMID: 34833931 PMCID: PMC8623189 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential oil component α-pinene has multiple biological activities. However, its application is limited owing to its volatility, low aqueous solubility, and chemical instability. For the aim of improving its physicochemical properties, α-pinene was encapsulated in conventional liposomes (CLs) and drug-in-cyclodextrin-in-liposomes (DCLs). Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin/α-pinene (HP-β-CD/α-pinene) inclusion complexes were prepared in aqueous solution, and the optimal solubilization of α-pinene occurred at HP-β-CD:α-pinene molar ratio of 7.5:1. The ethanol-injection method was applied to produce different formulations using saturated (Phospholipon 90H) or unsaturated (Lipoid S100) phospholipids in combination with cholesterol. The size, the phospholipid and cholesterol incorporation rates, the encapsulation efficiency (EE), and the loading rate (LR) of α-pinene were determined, and the storage stability of liposomes was assessed. The results showed that α-pinene was efficiently entrapped in CLs and DCLs with high EE values. Moreover, Lipoid S100 CLs displayed the highest LR (22.9 ± 2.2%) of α-pinene compared to the other formulations. Both carrier systems HP-β-CD/α-pinene inclusion complex and Lipoid S100 CLs presented a gradual release of α-pinene. Furthermore, the DPPH radical scavenging activity of α-pinene was maintained upon encapsulation in Lipoid S100 CLs. Finally, it was found that all formulations were stable after three months of storage at 4 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahraa Hammoud
- Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Jdeidet El-Metn 90656, Lebanon; (Z.H.); (M.K.)
- UMR-5280, CNRS-University Lyon-1, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France;
| | - Maya Kayouka
- Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Jdeidet El-Metn 90656, Lebanon; (Z.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Elwira Sieniawska
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (E.S.); (H.G.-G.)
| | - Jouda Mediouni Ben Jemâa
- Laboratory of Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia (INRAT), University of Carthage, El Menzah 1004, Tunisia;
| | | | - Hélène Greige-Gerges
- Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Jdeidet El-Metn 90656, Lebanon; (Z.H.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: (E.S.); (H.G.-G.)
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Trifan A, Luca SV, Bostănaru AC, Brebu M, Jităreanu A, Cristina RT, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Granica S, Czerwińska ME, Kruk A, Greige-Gerges H, Sieniawska E, Mareș M. Apiaceae Essential Oils: Boosters of Terbinafine Activity against Dermatophytes and Potent Anti-Inflammatory Effectors. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10112378. [PMID: 34834740 PMCID: PMC8623916 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Dermatophyte infections represent an important public health concern, affecting up to 25% of the world's population. Trichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophytes are the predominant dermatophytes in cutaneous infections, with a prevalence accounting for 70% of dermatophytoses. Although terbinafine represents the preferred treatment, its clinical use is hampered by side effects, drug-drug interactions, and the emergence of resistant clinical isolates. Combination therapy, associating terbinafine and essential oils (EOs), represents a promising strategy in the treatment of dermatophytosis. In this study, we screened the potential of selected Apiaceae EOs (ajowan, coriander, caraway, and anise) to improve the antifungal activity of terbinafine against T. rubrum ATCC 28188 and T. mentagrophytes ATCC 9533. The chemical profile of EOs was analyzed by gas chromatography. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) of EOs/main compounds were determined according to EUCAST-AFST guidelines, with minor modifications. The checkerboard microtiter method was used to identify putative synergistic combinations of EOs/main constituents with terbinafine. The influence of EOs on the viability and pro-inflammatory cytokine production (IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α) was determined using an ex vivo human neutrophils model. The binary associations of tested EOs with terbinafine were found to be synergistic against T. rubrum, with FICI values of 0.26-0.31. At the tested concentrations (6.25-25 mg/L), EOs did not exert cytotoxic effects towards human neutrophils. Anise EO was the most potent inhibitor of IL-1β release (46.49% inhibition at 25 mg/L), while coriander EO displayed the highest inhibition towards IL-8 and TNF-α production (54.15% and 54.91%, respectively). In conclusion, the synergistic combinations of terbinafine and investigated Apiaceae EOs could be a starting point in the development of novel topical therapies against T. rubrum-related dermatophytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.T.); (A.-C.B.)
| | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life and Food Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany;
| | - Andra-Cristina Bostănaru
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 700489 Iasi, Romania;
- Correspondence: (A.T.); (A.-C.B.)
| | - Mihai Brebu
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers Laboratory, Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700481 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Alexandra Jităreanu
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Romeo-Teodor Cristina
- Department of Pharmacology, The Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 300645 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.S.-W.); (E.S.)
| | - Sebastian Granica
- Microbiota Lab, Centre for Preclinical Studies, Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (S.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Monika E. Czerwińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kruk
- Microbiota Lab, Centre for Preclinical Studies, Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (S.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Hélène Greige-Gerges
- Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Section II, Lebanese University, Jdaidet el-Matn B.P. 90656, Lebanon;
| | - Elwira Sieniawska
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.S.-W.); (E.S.)
| | - Mihai Mareș
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 700489 Iasi, Romania;
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Trifan A, Zengin G, Sinan KI, Esslinger N, Grubelnik A, Wolfram E, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Minceva M, Luca SV. Influence of the Post-Harvest Storage Time on the Multi-Biological Potential, Phenolic and Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Content of Comfrey ( Symphytum officinale L.) Roots Collected from Different European Regions. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10091825. [PMID: 34579358 PMCID: PMC8471851 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.) roots are well-known bioactive ingredients included in various cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical preparations. In this study, the influence of the post-harvest storage on the chemico-biological potential of roots collected from different European regions and stored for up to six months was investigated. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total phenolic acid content (TPAC) were spectrophotometrically estimated, whereas the levels of individual phenolic and pyrrolizidine alkaloidal markers were determined by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS/MS, respectively. The changes in the biological potential was tracked via antioxidant (DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, and FRAP) and anti-enzymatic (cholinesterase, tyrosinase, glucosidase, and amylase) assays. TPC and TPAC varied from 6.48–16.57 mg GAE/g d.w. root and from 2.67–9.03 mg CAE/g, respectively. The concentration of the four phenolics (rosmarinic acid, globoidnan A, globoidnan B, rabdosiin) and six pyrrolizidine alkaloids generally showed maximum values at 1–3 months, after which their levels significantly decreased. With respect to the bioassays, the samples showed a wide range of antioxidant and anti-enzymatic effects; however, a direct storage time–bioactivity relationship was not observed. Similar conclusions were also revealed by the multivariate and correlation analyses. Our study could improve the current knowledge of the shelf-life properties of comfrey-based products and enhance their industrial exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey;
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (S.V.L.)
| | - Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey;
| | - Nils Esslinger
- Alpinamed AG, 9306 Freidorf, Switzerland; (N.E.); (A.G.)
| | | | - Evelyn Wolfram
- Phytopharmacy and Natural Products Research Group, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland;
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Independent Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Mirjana Minceva
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany;
| | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany;
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (S.V.L.)
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15
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Trifan A, Zengin G, Sinan KI, Wolfram E, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Luca SV. LC-HRMS/MS phytochemical profiling of Symphytum officinale L. and Anchusa ochroleuca M. Bieb. (Boraginaceae): Unveiling their multi-biological potential via an integrated approach. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 204:114283. [PMID: 34329923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at providing a comprehensive phytochemical characterization and multi-biological assessment of Symphytum officinale L., a medicinal plant with a noteworthy traditional use, and Anchusa ochroleuca M. Bieb., a Boraginaceae species from the Romanian flora. The dichloromethane, methanol and 65 % ethanol extracts obtained from the roots and aerial parts of both plants revealed the presence of numerous phenolic acids, oxygenated fatty acids, pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and flavonoids, as assessed by LC-HRMS/MS analysis. Consistent with their higher total phenolic content, the polar aerial part extracts of S. officinale and root extracts of A. ochroleuca showed the most significant antioxidant activities, as evaluated by DPPH (173.22-216.98 mg TE/g) and ABTS (219.41-311.97 mg TE/g) radical scavenging, CUPRAC (387.18-626.40 mg TE/g), FRAP (199.36-299.86 mg TE/g) and total antioxidant capacity (2.28-2.68 mmol TE/g). Furthermore, both plants exhibited good tyrosinase (19.11-43.89 mg KAE/g) and α-glucosidase (2.45-12.54 mmol ACAE/g) inhibitory effects. The orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) allowed the objective differentiation between the roots and aerial parts of the two investigated species based on their phytochemical and biological profiles. The partial least square (PLS) analysis showed that several individual phenolic acids, such as danshensu, rabdosiin and rosmarinic acid, significantly contributed to the antioxidant potential of both Boraginaceae species, whilst the relative levels of sucrose were positively correlated with the anti-enzymatic properties. Overall, S. officinale and A. ochroleuca could be regarded as rich sources of bioactive phytochemicals that could further lead to developing novel phyto-pharmaceutical commodities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115, Iasi, Romania
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, University Campus, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, University Campus, 42130, Konya, Turkey
| | - Evelyn Wolfram
- Phytopharmacy and Natural Products Research Group, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8820, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Independent Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354, Freising, Germany.
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16
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Trifan A, Wolfram E, Esslinger N, Grubelnik A, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Minceva M, Luca SV. Globoidnan A, rabdosiin and globoidnan B as new phenolic markers in European-sourced comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.) root samples. Phytochem Anal 2021; 32:482-494. [PMID: 33015885 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Symphytum officinale L. (comfrey, Boraginaceae) is a cultivated or spontaneously growing medicinal plant that is traditionally used for the treatment of bone fractures, hematomas, muscle pains and joint pains. A wide range of topical preparations and dried roots for ex tempore applications are marketed in European drug stores or pharmacies. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to perform the qualitative and quantitative analysis of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and phenolic compounds in the hydroethanolic extracts of 16 commercial comfrey root batches purchased from 12 different European countries. METHODS Liquid chromatography hyphenated with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) was used for the profiling of PAs and phenolic compounds, whereas LC-MS/MS and liquid chromatography with diode array detection (LC-DAD) were used for their quantification. RESULTS 20 PAs (i.e. intermedine, lycopsamine, acetylintermedine, acetyllycopsamine, symphytine, symphytine-N-oxide), 17 phenolic compounds (i.e. caffeic and rosmarinic acids, rabdosiin, globoidnan A, globoidnan B) and 9 nonphenolic compounds (sugars, organic and fatty acids) were fully or partly annotated in the analysed samples. In addition, the quantitative analyses revealed that globoidnan B, rabdosiin and globoidnan A are new phenolic markers that can be used together with rosmarinic acid and PAs for the quality control of commercial comfrey root batches. CONCLUSIONS This study brings new insights into the phytochemical complexity of S. officinale, revealing not only numerous toxic PAs, but also a significant number of valuable phenolic compounds that could contribute to the bioactivities of comfrey-based preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, 700115, Romania
| | - Evelyn Wolfram
- Phytopharmacy and Natural Products Research Group, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil, 8820, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Independent Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, 20-093, Poland
| | - Mirjana Minceva
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, 85354, Germany
| | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, 85354, Germany
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17
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Bujor A, Miron A, Luca SV, Skalicka-Wozniak K, Silion M, Trifan A, Girard C, Demougeot C, Totoson P. Erratum to "Vasorelaxant effects of Crataegus pentagyna: Links with arginase inhibition and phenolic profile" [J. Ethnopharmacol. 252 (2020) 112559]. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 273:113962. [PMID: 33662738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Bujor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115, Iasi, Romania; PEPITE EA 4267, FHU INCREASE, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, F-25030, Besançon, France.
| | - Anca Miron
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115, Iasi, Romania; Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2, 85354, Freising, Germany.
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Wozniak
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Mihaela Silion
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Corine Girard
- PEPITE EA 4267, FHU INCREASE, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, F-25030, Besançon, France.
| | - Céline Demougeot
- PEPITE EA 4267, FHU INCREASE, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, F-25030, Besançon, France.
| | - Perle Totoson
- PEPITE EA 4267, FHU INCREASE, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, F-25030, Besançon, France.
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18
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Trifan A, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Granica S, Czerwińska ME, Kruk A, Marcourt L, Wolfender JL, Wolfram E, Esslinger N, Grubelnik A, Luca SV. Symphytum officinale L.: Liquid-liquid chromatography isolation of caffeic acid oligomers and evaluation of their influence on pro-inflammatory cytokine release in LPS-stimulated neutrophils. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 262:113169. [PMID: 32739565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Symphytum officinale L. (comfrey, Boraginaceae) has been traditionally used for millennia in joint distortions, myalgia, bone fractures and hematomas. However, key activity-determining constituents and molecular mechanisms underlying its use have not been completely elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study was to isolate and identify the major compounds from a hydroethanolic root extract of S. officinale and evaluate their antioxidant potential, alongside their effect on the cytokine production of ex vivo stimulated neutrophils, thus providing scientific support for the traditional use of comfrey root. MATERIAL AND METHODS Four caffeic acid oligomers were isolated from comfrey roots by liquid-liquid chromatography, their structures being established by MS and NMR analyses. In vitro antioxidant evaluation was performed by DPPH and ABTS assays. The cytotoxicity of isolated compounds was established by flow cytometry. The effect on cytokine release, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated neutrophils was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS The main constituents found in comfrey root were represented by four caffeic acid oligomers, namely globoidnan B (1), rabdosiin (2), rosmarinic acid (3) and globoidnan A (4). Rabdosiin, globoidnans A and B were isolated for the first time from S. officinale. In the in vitro antioxidant tests, compound 2 was the most active, with EC50 values in DPPH and ABTS assays of 29.14 ± 0.43 and 11.13 ± 0.39, respectively. Neutrophils' viability over the tested concentration domain of 12.5-50 μM was not altered. At 50 μM, all compounds significantly inhibited IL-1β release, with compound 3 (45.60% release vs. LPS stimulated neutrophils) being the most active, followed by compounds 1 (53.85%), 2 (69.89%) and 4 (60.68%). CONCLUSIONS The four caffeic acid oligomers reported in S. officinale root may contribute to the overall anti-inflammatory activity for which comfrey preparations are used in traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Independent Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Sebastian Granica
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Monika E Czerwińska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Kruk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Laurence Marcourt
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, IPSWS, University of Geneva, CMU, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, IPSWS, University of Geneva, CMU, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
| | - Evelyn Wolfram
- Phytopharmacy and Natural Products Research Group, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8820, Wädenswil, Switzerland.
| | | | | | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115, Iasi, Romania; Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354, Freising, Germany.
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Trifan A, Luca SV, Greige-Gerges H, Miron A, Gille E, Aprotosoaie AC. Recent advances in tackling microbial multidrug resistance with essential oils: combinatorial and nano-based strategies. Crit Rev Microbiol 2020; 46:338-357. [DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2020.1782339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, Romania
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Hélène Greige-Gerges
- Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Jdaidet El-Matn, Lebanon
| | - Anca Miron
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - Elvira Gille
- National Institute of Research & Development for Biological Sciences Bucuresti/Stejarul Biological Research Centre, Piatra Neamt, Romania
| | - Ana Clara Aprotosoaie
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, Romania
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Bujor A, Miron A, Luca SV, Skalicka-Wozniak K, Silion M, Trifan A, Girard C, Demougeot C, Totoson P. Vasorelaxant effects of Crataegus pentagyna: Links with arginase inhibition and phenolic profile. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 252:112559. [PMID: 31935497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Crataegus leaves, flowers and fruits have been traditionally used to improve blood circulation, numerous preclinical and clinical studies supporting the cardiovascular benefits of Crataegus preparations. In this respect, there is very limited data on Crataegus pentagyna; in addition, the chemical profile of this species is still incompletely elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study was to examine the cardiovascular benefits of Crataegus pentagyna Waldst. et Kit. ex Willd. (small-flowered black hawthorn, Rosaceae) extracts (leaf, flower and fruit ethyl acetate extracts) and the underlying mechanisms. We hypothesized that C. pentagyna extracts might exert vasodilatory effects and inhibit arginase activity due, in large part, to their polyphenolic constituents. MATERIALS AND METHODS C. pentagyna extracts induced-relaxation and the mechanisms involved were studied ex vivo in isolated aortic rings from Sprague-Dawley rats. The inhibitory effects on bovine liver arginase I were assessed by an in vitro assay. Metabolite profiling of C. pentagyna extracts was performed and the most endothelium- and nitric oxide synthase-dependent; flower extract additionally reduced Ca2+ entry and, to a lesser extent, Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. C. pentagyna proved to be an important source of arginase inhibitors with potential benefits in endothelial dysfunction that remains to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Bujor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115, Iasi, Romania; PEPITE EA 4267, FHU INCREASE, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, F-25030, Besançon, France.
| | - Anca Miron
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115, Iasi, Romania; Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2, 85354, Freising, Germany.
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Wozniak
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Mihaela Silion
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Corine Girard
- PEPITE EA 4267, FHU INCREASE, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, F-25030, Besançon, France.
| | - Céline Demougeot
- PEPITE EA 4267, FHU INCREASE, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, F-25030, Besançon, France.
| | - Perle Totoson
- PEPITE EA 4267, FHU INCREASE, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, F-25030, Besançon, France.
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Trifan A, Vasincu A, Luca SV, Neophytou C, Wolfram E, Opitz SEW, Sava D, Bucur L, Cioroiu BI, Miron A, Aprotosoaie AC, Cioanca O, Hancianu M, Jitareanu A, Constantinou AI. Unravelling the potential of seaweeds from the Black Sea coast of Romania as bioactive compounds sources. Part I: Cystoseira barbata (Stackhouse) C. Agardh. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 134:110820. [PMID: 31539616 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The Romanian coastlines of the Black Sea have abundant seaweed resources, but little effort has been done to investigate their biological potential. The aim of the present study was to assess the in vitro antioxidant and anti-proliferative effects of Cystoseira barbata (Stackhouse) C. Agardh (Sargassaceae), a brown alga inhabiting the Black Sea coast of Romania. The 70% acetone, methanol and water extracts of C. barbata were evaluated for their total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and anti-proliferative potential against human tumor cell lines (pulmonary A549, colon HT-29, mammary MCF-7) and the non-tumor mammary epithelial MCF-10A cell line. C. barbata 70% acetone extract (CBAE) displayed the highest antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. The mechanism of CBAE anti-proliferative activity involved initially increased intracellular ROS accumulation, followed by increased DNA content in the subG1 phase and DNA fragmentation leading to excessive apoptosis. Thus, our study provides a theoretical basis for the use of CBAE as a tumor preventive agent. Furthermore, UHPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS analysis of CBAE tentatively identified 18 phlorotannins as fucophlorethol and eckol derivatives, containing three up to seven phloroglucinol units. In conclusion, C. barbata represents a valuable source for the development of macroalgal-based products with putative use as nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, 700115, Romania
| | - Alexandru Vasincu
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, 700115, Romania.
| | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, 700115, Romania; Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, 85354, Germany.
| | | | - Evelyn Wolfram
- Centre for Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil, 8820, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian E W Opitz
- Phytopharmacy and Natural Products Research Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil, 8820, Switzerland
| | - Daciana Sava
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Ovidius University, Constanta, 900470, Romania
| | - Laura Bucur
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ovidius University, Constanta, 900470, Romania
| | | | - Anca Miron
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, 700115, Romania
| | - Ana Clara Aprotosoaie
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, 700115, Romania
| | - Oana Cioanca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, 700115, Romania
| | - Monica Hancianu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, 700115, Romania
| | - Alexandra Jitareanu
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, 700115, Romania
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Postu PA, Sadiki FZ, El Idrissi M, Cioanca O, Trifan A, Hancianu M, Hritcu L. Pinus halepensis essential oil attenuates the toxic Alzheimer’s amyloid beta (1-42)-induced memory impairment and oxidative stress in the rat hippocampus. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108673. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Sadiki FZ, Idrissi ME, Cioanca O, Trifan A, Hancianu M, Hritcu L, Postu PA. Tetraclinis articulata essential oil mitigates cognitive deficits and brain oxidative stress in an Alzheimer's disease amyloidosis model. Phytomedicine 2019; 56:57-63. [PMID: 30668354 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tetraclinis articulata is used in traditional medicine and has been reported to possess antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. PURPOSE This study investigated the effects of T. articulata essential oil on memory and brain oxidative stress in amyloid-β peptide 1-42 (Aβ1-42)-induced an Alzheimer's disease amyloidosis model. Moreover, the underlying mechanism for memory enhancement and antioxidant activity was investigated, thus supporting its traditional use with scientific evidence for further studies. METHODS T. articulata essential oil was administered by inhalation to male Wistar rats once daily for 15 min period at doses of 1% and 3% for 21 days after the intracerebroventricular administration of Aβ1-42 right-unilaterally to induce memory deficits. The chemical composition of the essential oil was done by GC-MS and GC-FID. Spatial memory of rats was tested using Y-maze and radial arm maze tests. The possible underlying mechanism for memory improvement exhibited by T. articulata essential oil was investigated by in vivo brain antioxidant effect and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effect. In vitro, experimental evaluations were assessed through DPPH and ABTS tests. RESULTS The GC-MS and GC-FID data showed that the essential oil has a high percent of monoterpene hydrocarbons. Also, we demonstrated the essential oil reversed the Aβ1-42-induced decreasing of the spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze test and the Aβ1-42-induced increasing of the working and reference memory errors in the radial arm maze test. Furthermore, the Aβ1-42-decreased the acetylcholinesterase activity and the oxidant-antioxidant status in the rat hippocampus was retrieved by the treatment with the essential oil. CONCLUSION The study demonstrates that the essential oil could be a potent pharmacological agent against dementia by modulating cholinergic activity and promoting antioxidant action in the rat hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Zahra Sadiki
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Meknes, Moulay Ismail University, Bp. 11201, Zitoune, Meknès, Morocco
| | - Mostafa El Idrissi
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Meknes, Moulay Ismail University, Bp. 11201, Zitoune, Meknès, Morocco
| | - Oana Cioanca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Gr. T. Popa", Iasi, Str. Universitatii, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Gr. T. Popa", Iasi, Str. Universitatii, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Monica Hancianu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Gr. T. Popa", Iasi, Str. Universitatii, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Lucian Hritcu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700505 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Paula Alexandra Postu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700505 Iasi, Romania
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Aprotosoaie AC, Miron A, Ciocârlan N, Brebu M, Roşu CM, Trifan A, Vochiţa G, Gherghel D, Luca SV, Niţă A, Costache I, Mihai CT. Essential oils of MoldavianThymusspecies: Chemical composition, antioxidant, anti‐Aspergillusand antigenotoxic activities. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clara Aprotosoaie
- Faculty of PharmacyGrigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi Universitatii Str. 16 700115 Iasi Romania
| | - Anca Miron
- Faculty of PharmacyGrigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi Universitatii Str. 16 700115 Iasi Romania
| | - Nina Ciocârlan
- Botanical GardenAcademy of Sciences of Moldova Padurii Str. 18 2002 Chisinau Republic of Moldova
| | - Mihai Brebu
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers LaboratoryPetru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41A 70048 Iasi Romania
| | - Crăiţa Maria Roşu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences/Biological Research Institute Lascar Catargi Str. 47 700107 Iasi Romania
| | - Adriana Trifan
- Faculty of PharmacyGrigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi Universitatii Str. 16 700115 Iasi Romania
| | - Gabriela Vochiţa
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences/Biological Research Institute Lascar Catargi Str. 47 700107 Iasi Romania
| | - Daniela Gherghel
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences/Biological Research Institute Lascar Catargi Str. 47 700107 Iasi Romania
| | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Faculty of PharmacyGrigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi Universitatii Str. 16 700115 Iasi Romania
| | - Alexandru Niţă
- Faculty of BiologyAlexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi Carol I Avenue 22 700505 Iasi Romania
| | - Irina‐Iuliana Costache
- Faculty of MedicineGrigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Universitatii Str. 16 700115 Iasi Romania
| | - Cosmin Teodor Mihai
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences/Biological Research Institute Lascar Catargi Str. 47 700107 Iasi Romania
- CEMEXGrigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Universitatii Str. 16 700115 Iasi Romania
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Luca SV, Macovei I, Bujor A, Miron A, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Aprotosoaie AC, Trifan A. Bioactivity of dietary polyphenols: The role of metabolites. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:626-659. [PMID: 30614249 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1546669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A polyphenol-rich diet protects against chronic pathologies by modulating numerous physiological processes, such as cellular redox potential, enzymatic activity, cell proliferation and signaling transduction pathways. However, polyphenols have a low oral bioavailability mainly due to an extensive biotransformation mediated by phase I and phase II reactions in enterocytes and liver but also by gut microbiota. Despite low oral bioavailability, most polyphenols proved significant biological effects which brought into attention the low bioavailability/high bioactivity paradox. In recent years, polyphenol metabolites have attracted great interest as many of them showed similar or higher intrinsic biological effects in comparison to the parent compounds. There is a huge body of literature reporting on the biological functions of polyphenol metabolites generated by phase I and phase II metabolic reactions and gut microbiota-mediated biotransformation. In this respect, the review highlights the pharmacokinetic fate of the major dietary polyphenols (resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, rutin, genistein, daidzein, ellagitannins, proanthocyanidins) in order to further address the efficacy of biometabolites as compared to parent molecules. The present work strongly supports the contribution of metabolites to the health benefits of polyphenols, thus offering a better perspective in understanding the role played by dietary polyphenols in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Vlad Luca
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, Romania.,Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy with Medical Analytics Division, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Irina Macovei
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandra Bujor
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - Anca Miron
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy with Medical Analytics Division, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ana Clara Aprotosoaie
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, Romania
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Grădinaru A, Trifan A, Şpac A, Brebu M, Miron A, Aprotosoaie A. Antibacterial activity of traditional spices against lower respiratory tract pathogens: combinatorial effects of Trachyspermum ammi
essential oil with conventional antibiotics. Lett Appl Microbiol 2018; 67:449-457. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A.C. Grădinaru
- Department of Animal and Vegetal Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi; Iasi Romania
| | - A. Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi; Iasi Romania
| | - A. Şpac
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi; Iasi Romania
| | - M. Brebu
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers Laboratory; Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry; Iasi Romania
| | - A. Miron
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi; Iasi Romania
| | - A.C. Aprotosoaie
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi; Iasi Romania
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Paduraru(Giurescu Bedreag) CF, Filip N, Trifan A, Miron SD, Badescu C, Costache II, Namat RA, Diaconescu B, Dumitrescu N, Ciocoiu M. Evaluation of the Effects of a Pinus Brutia Bark Extract on Biochemical Parameters and Blood Pressure in an Experimental Arterial Hypertension. Rev Chim 2018. [DOI: 10.37358/rc.18.7.6403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The new hypertension therapies which are thought to improve the mechanisms impairing the target organs in arterial hypertension (AHT) would have great practical value. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of Pinus brutia bark extract (EPb) on serum lipid profiles and oxidative stress in N(G)-Nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertension. The experiment demonstrated that PbE improved lipid profile and reduced pro-oxidative effects of L-NAME, thus suggesting a possible role of the extract in the management of AHT. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure decrease was significant in the group undergoing simultaneous EPb extract and L-NAME therapy, as compared to the group that was administered only L-NAME. Due to its effects, the Pinus brutia bark extract may be used for the prophylaxis and as adjuvant therapy of cardiovascular conditions.
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Preda CM, Popescu CP, Baicus C, Constantinescu I, Oproiu A, Voiosu T, Diculescu M, Negreanu L, Gheorghe L, Sporea I, Trifan A, Ceausu E, Proca D, Manuc M. Risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation in hepatitis B virus + hepatitis C virus-co-infected patients with compensated liver cirrhosis treated with ombitasvir, paritaprevir/r + dasabuvir + ribavirin. J Viral Hepat 2018; 25:834-841. [PMID: 29397016 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus may reactivate in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with direct-acting antivirals. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in HBV + hepatitis C virus (HCV)-co-infected patients with compensated liver cirrhosis treated with paritaprevir/ombitasvir/ritonavir, dasabuvir with ribavirin. We reviewed prospectively gathered data from a national cohort of 2070 hepatitis C virus patients with compensated liver cirrhosis who received reimbursed paritaprevir/ombitasvir/r, dasabuvir with ribavirin for 12 weeks from the Romanian National Health Agency during 2015-2016. Twenty-five patients in this cohort were HBs antigen positive (1.2%); 15 untreated with nucleotide analogues agreed to enter the study. These patients were followed up: ALT monthly, serology for HBV and DNA viral load at baseline, EOT and SVR at 12 weeks. Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-co-infected patients were all genotype 1b and 52% females, with a median age of 60 years (51 ÷ 74); 76% were pretreated with peginterferon + ribavirin; 72% were with severe necroinflammatory activity on FibroMax assessment; 40% presented comorbidities; and all were HBe antigen negative. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) SVR response rate was 100%. Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA viral load was undetectable in 7/15 (47%) before therapy, and for the other 8 patients, it varied between below 20 and 867 IU/mL. Five patients (33%) presented virological reactivation (>2 log increase in HBV-DNA levels) during therapy. One patient presented with hepatitis associated with HBV reactivation, and two started anti-HBV therapy with entecavir. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) virological reactivation was present in 33% in our patients. Generally, HBV-DNA elevations were mild (<20 000 IU/mL); however, we report one case of hepatitis associated with HBV reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Preda
- UMF "Carol Davila" Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Clinic Fundeni Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - C P Popescu
- UMF "Carol Davila" Virology Department, Victor Babes Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - C Baicus
- UMF "Carol Davila" Internal Medicine Department, Colentina Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - I Constantinescu
- UMF "Carol Davila" Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Clinic Fundeni Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - A Oproiu
- UMF "Carol Davila" Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Clinic Fundeni Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - T Voiosu
- UMF "Carol Davila" Internal Medicine Department, Colentina Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - M Diculescu
- UMF "Carol Davila" Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Clinic Fundeni Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - L Negreanu
- UMF "Carol Davila" Gastroenterology Department, Emergency Universitary Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - L Gheorghe
- UMF "Carol Davila" Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Clinic Fundeni Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - I Sporea
- UMF Timisoara, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Timisoara Emergency Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
| | - A Trifan
- UMF Gr T Popa Iasi, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Institute, Iasi, Romania
| | - E Ceausu
- UMF "Carol Davila" Virology Department, Victor Babes Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - D Proca
- UMF "Carol Davila" Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Clinic Fundeni Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - M Manuc
- UMF "Carol Davila" Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Clinic Fundeni Institute, Bucharest, Romania
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Trifan A, Opitz SE, Josuran R, Grubelnik A, Esslinger N, Peter S, Bräm S, Meier N, Wolfram E. Is comfrey root more than toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids? Salvianolic acids among antioxidant polyphenols in comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.) roots. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 112:178-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Livadariu R, Timofte D, Trifan A, Danila R, Ionescu L, Sîngeap A, Ciobanu D. VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY, A NONINVASIVE MARKER OF STEATOHEPATITIS IN PATIENTS WITH OBESITY AND BIOPSY PROVEN NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE. Acta Endocrinol (Buchar) 2018; 14:76-84. [PMID: 31149239 PMCID: PMC6516593 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2018.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes simple steatosis, steatohepatitis (NASH) which can evolve with progressive fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. As liver biopsy cannot be used as a screening method, noninvasive markers are needed. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to test if there is a significant association between vitamin D deficit and the severity of NAFLD. DESIGN The patients were divided into two groups (vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency) and statistical analyses were performed on the correlation of clinical and biochemical characteristics with histopathological hepatic changes. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We prospectively studied 64 obese patients referred for bariatric surgery between 2014 and 2016 to our Surgical Unit. Anthropometric, clinical measurements, general and specific biological balance were noted. NAFLD diagnosis and activity score (NAS) were evaluated on liver biopsies. RESULTS Increased serum fibrinogen was correlated with NASH (p=0.005) and higher NAS grade. T2DM was positively correlated with liver fibrosis (p=0.002). 84.37% of the patients had vitamin D deficit and 15.62% were vitamin D insufficient. Lobular inflammation correlated with vitamin D deficit (p=0.040). Fibrosis (p=0.050) and steatohepatitis (p=0.032) were independent predictors of low vitamin D concentration. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D status in conjunction with other parameters - such as T2DM - or serum biomarkers - namely fibrinogen level and PCR level - may point out the aggressive forms of NAFLD and the need for liver biopsy for appropriate management.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Livadariu
- “Gr. T. Popa” University, Dept. of Surgery, Iasi, Romania
- “Gr. T. Popa” University, 3 Surgical Clinic, Iasi, Romania
| | - D. Timofte
- “Gr. T. Popa” University, Dept. of Surgery, Iasi, Romania
- “Gr. T. Popa” University, 3 Surgical Clinic, Iasi, Romania
| | - A. Trifan
- “Gr. T. Popa” University, Dept. of Gastroenterology, Iasi, Romania
- “Gr. T. Popa” University, Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Iasi, Romania
| | - R. Danila
- “Gr. T. Popa” University, Dept. of Surgery, Iasi, Romania
- “Gr. T. Popa” University, 3 Surgical Clinic, Iasi, Romania
| | - L. Ionescu
- “Gr. T. Popa” University, Dept. of Surgery, Iasi, Romania
- “Gr. T. Popa” University, 3 Surgical Clinic, Iasi, Romania
| | - A.M. Sîngeap
- “Gr. T. Popa” University, Dept. of Gastroenterology, Iasi, Romania
- “Gr. T. Popa” University, Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Iasi, Romania
| | - D. Ciobanu
- “Gr. T. Popa” University, Dept. of Pathology, “St. Spiridon” Emergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania
- “Gr. T. Popa” University, Dept. of Pathology, Iasi, Romania
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Miron
- Faculty of Pharmacy; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Iasi Romania
| | - Ana Clara Aprotosoaie
- Faculty of Pharmacy; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Iasi Romania
| | - Adriana Trifan
- Faculty of Pharmacy; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Iasi Romania
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine; University of Macau; Taipa Macau
- College of Food Science; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University; Fuzhou Fujian China
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Aprotosoaie AC, Zavastin DE, Mihai CT, Voichita G, Gherghel D, Silion M, Trifan A, Miron A. Antioxidant and antigenotoxic potential of Ramaria largentii Marr & D. E. Stuntz, a wild edible mushroom collected from Northeast Romania. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 108:429-437. [PMID: 28174115 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Ramaria largentii Marr & D. E. Stuntz (orange coral mushroom) is a wild edible mushroom whose chemical composition and bioactivity have not been investigated. Herein, we present a study on the phenolic constituents, antioxidant and antigenotoxic effects of a hydromethanolic extract of the fruiting bodies. Total phenolic content, estimated by Folin-Ciocalteu assay, was found to be 42.33 ± 0.18 mg GAE/g. Protocatechuic and vanillic acids were detected by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. The extract showed good free radical scavenging and reducing capacities (EC50 = 64.3 ± 0.2 and 61.54 ± 0.46 μg/mL, respectively). In normal Vero cells, the extract (100, 200 and 300 μg/mL) showed no genotoxic potential and moreover, almost completely protected DNA against H2O2-induced damage (2.09-7.91% tail DNA) (24 and 48 h pre-treatment). Taken together, the results of our study show that Ramaria largentii extract is devoid of genotoxicity and has a remarkable DNA protective activity against H2O2-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clara Aprotosoaie
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Universitatii Str. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Daniela Elena Zavastin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Universitatii Str. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Cosmin-Teodor Mihai
- Interdisciplinary Research Department-Field Science, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Carol I Bd. 20A, 700506 Iasi, Romania; National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences/Biological Research Institute, Lascar Catargi Str. 47, 700107 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Gabriela Voichita
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences/Biological Research Institute, Lascar Catargi Str. 47, 700107 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Daniela Gherghel
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences/Biological Research Institute, Lascar Catargi Str. 47, 700107 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Mihaela Silion
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Petru Poni, Grigore Ghica Voda Al. 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Adriana Trifan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Universitatii Str. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Anca Miron
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Universitatii Str. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
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Aprotosoaie AC, Miron A, Trifan A, Luca VS, Costache II. The Cardiovascular Effects of Cocoa Polyphenols-An Overview. Diseases 2016; 4:E39. [PMID: 28933419 PMCID: PMC5456324 DOI: 10.3390/diseases4040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cocoa is a rich source of high-quality antioxidant polyphenols. They comprise mainly catechins (29%-38% of total polyphenols), anthocyanins (4% of total polyphenols) and proanthocyanidins (58%-65% of total polyphenols). A growing body of experimental and epidemiological evidence highlights that the intake of cocoa polyphenols may reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. Beyond antioxidant properties, cocoa polyphenols exert blood pressure lowering activity, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory, metabolic and anti-atherosclerotic effects, and also improve endothelial function. This paper reviews the role of cocoa polyphenols in cardiovascular protection, with a special focus on mechanisms of action, clinical relevance and correlation between antioxidant activity and cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clara Aprotosoaie
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa Iasi, Universitatii Str. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Anca Miron
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa Iasi, Universitatii Str. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa Iasi, Universitatii Str. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Vlad Simon Luca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa Iasi, Universitatii Str. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Irina-Iuliana Costache
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa Iasi, Universitatii Str. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
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Aelenei P, Miron A, Trifan A, Bujor A, Gille E, Aprotosoaie AC. Essential Oils and Their Components as Modulators of Antibiotic Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria. Medicines (Basel) 2016; 3:medicines3030019. [PMID: 28930130 PMCID: PMC5456245 DOI: 10.3390/medicines3030019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria cause infections that are difficult to treat due to the emergence of multidrug resistance. This review summarizes the current status of the studies investigating the capacity of essential oils and their components to modulate antibiotic activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Synergistic interactions are particularly discussed with reference to possible mechanisms by which essential oil constituents interact with antibiotics. Special emphasis is given to essential oils and volatile compounds that inhibit efflux pumps, thus reversing drug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. In addition, indifference and antagonism between essential oils/volatile compounds and conventional antibiotics have also been reported. Overall, this literature review reveals that essential oils and their purified components enhance the efficacy of antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria, being promising candidates for the development of new effective formulations against Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petruta Aelenei
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa-Iasi, Universitatii 16, Iasi 700115, Romania.
- Regulatory Affairs Department, Fiterman Pharma LLC, Pacurari Road 127, Iasi 700544, Romania.
| | - Anca Miron
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa-Iasi, Universitatii 16, Iasi 700115, Romania.
| | - Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa-Iasi, Universitatii 16, Iasi 700115, Romania.
| | - Alexandra Bujor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa-Iasi, Universitatii 16, Iasi 700115, Romania.
| | - Elvira Gille
- Stejarul Biological Research Centre/National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Alexandru cel Bun 6, Piatra Neamt 610004, Romania.
| | - Ana Clara Aprotosoaie
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa-Iasi, Universitatii 16, Iasi 700115, Romania.
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Chiriac Ş, Stanciu C, Negru R, Trifan A. ASSESSMENT OF ADRENOCORTICAL DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH STABLE LIVER CIRRHOSIS. Acta Endocrinol (Buchar) 2016; 12:262-267. [PMID: 31149099 PMCID: PMC6535276 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2016.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Relative adrenal insufficiency (RAI) is common in the setting of critical illness as well as in hemodynamically instable cirrhotic patients with sepsis. Several studies have also shown that RAI is frequent in patients with stable cirrhosis without sepsis. The aim of this study was to prospectively assess the incidence of RAI in patients with stable cirrhosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty-seven patients with hemodynamically stable liver cirrhosis without sepsis were prospectively included. RAI, assessed by using low dose-short Synacthen test (LD-SST), was defined as either a basal total cortisol concentration below 3.6 µg/dL or a peak total serum cortisol ≤ 16 µg/dL at 30 min after stimulation. RESULTS RAI was present in 10 (21.3%) of 47 cirrhotic patients. Peak cortisol level was negatively correlated with the severity of cirrhosis evaluated by Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) (r=-0.46; P=0.001) and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) (r=-0.51; P=0.001) scores. The frequency of RAI increased from CTP-A (10%) to CTP-B (30%) to CTP-C (60%). CONCLUSION RAI diagnosed by LD-SST is frequent in patients with stable cirrhosis and is related to the severity of liver disease. Further studies are needed to define clinical importance of RAI in stable cirrhotic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ş. Chiriac
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
| | - C. Stanciu
- “St. Spiridon” Emergency Hospital - Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Iaşi, Romania
- *Correspondence to: Carol Stanciu MD, PhD, “St. Spiridon” Emergency Hospital, Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 1 Independentei street, Iasi, 700111, Romania, E-mail:
| | - R. Negru
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
| | - A. Trifan
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
- “St. Spiridon” Emergency Hospital - Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Iaşi, Romania
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Trifan A, Aprotosoaie AC, Cioancă O, Hăcianu M, Jităreanu A, Gille E, Miron A. Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil From Carum Carvi L. Cultivated in North-Eastern Romania. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2016; 120:732-736. [PMID: 30152663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils have significant antioxidant activity, being used frequently as preservatives in the food and cosmetic industries. Aim: To assess the in vitro antioxidant activity of essential oil from Carum carvi L. (caraway) cultivated in northeastern Romania. Materials and Methods: The essential oil was isolated by hydrodistillation from dried caraway fruits. The chemical composition was investigated by gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analyses. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by three different in vitro antioxidant assays (DPPH∙ and ABTS•+ scavenging and reducing power assays). Butylhydroxyanisole was used as reference standard. Results and Discussion: Carvone was the major compound of essential oil of caraway fruits (48.53%), followed by limonene (44.42%). Evaluation of the antioxidant activity (DPPH∙and ABTS•+ scavenging activity and reducing power) revealed significant effects, with IC50 values of 46.51 ± 1.61 µg/mL, 5.34 ± 0.07 µg/mL and 7.64 ± 0.22 µg/mL, respectively, as compared to those of the reference standard, butylhydroxyanisole (6.09 ± 0.27 µg/mL, 1.49 ± 0.00 µg/mL and 3.39 ± 0.07 µg/mL, respectively). Conclusions: Essential oil of Carum carvi cultivated in northeastern Romania belongs to carvone chemotype. Due to its high antioxidant activity it might be a potential alternative to conventional preservatives in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
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Preda C, Fulger L, Gheorghe L, Gheorghe C, Goldis A, Trifan A, Tantau M, Tantau A, Negreanu L, Manuc M, Cijevschi-Prelipcean C, Iacob R, Tieranu C, Meianu C, Diculescu M. Adalimumab and Infliximab in Crohn's disease - real life data from a national retrospective cohort study. Curr Health Sci J 2016; 42:115-124. [PMID: 30568821 PMCID: PMC6256158 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.42.02.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM to compare the efficacy and safety of Adalimumab(ADA) and Infliximab(IFX), in a large Romanian population and to identify predictors of response. Methods We performed a national retrospective cohort study including 265 patients (136 ADA, 129 IFX) between 2008-2014. Binary logistic regression was performed with the statistical program Minitab. RESULTS Patients were half women, with a median age of 36, a median disease duration of 2.5 years, 80% received Azathioprine. Mean therapy duration was 20 months in ADA group and 36 months in IFX group. Complete response to Adalimumab respectively Infliximab was recorded in 77%vs.65%, secondary loss of response in 18%vs.28%, statistically comparable. We failed to identify predictors of response. In 79.2%of patients with secondary loss of response to ADA, the dose was escalated, 12.5% were switched to Infliximab. In 70%of patients that lost response to IFX, the dose was increased, 30% were switched to Adalimumab. CONCLUSIONS Adalimumab and Infliximab have similar efficacy, with a complete response rate of~70%. In case of secondary loss of response to IFX, the best solution is to switch to ADA, with 83% response rate, while in case of secondary loss of response to ADA, increasing the dose leads to 84 % response rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Preda
- Clinic Fundeni Institute, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Bucharest
| | - L Fulger
- Clinic Fundeni Institute, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Bucharest
| | - L Gheorghe
- Clinic Fundeni Institute, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Bucharest
| | - C Gheorghe
- Clinic Fundeni Institute, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Bucharest
| | - A Goldis
- University of Medicine "Victor Babes", Clinic of Gastroenterology, Timisoara
| | - A Trifan
- Clinic County Hospital "Sf.Spiridon", Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Iassy
| | - M Tantau
- Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology "O.Fodor", Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cluj
| | - A Tantau
- Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology "O.Fodor", Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cluj
| | - L Negreanu
- Clinic Universitary Emergency Hospital, Bucharest
| | - M Manuc
- Clinic Fundeni Institute, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Bucharest
| | | | - R Iacob
- Clinic Fundeni Institute, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Bucharest
| | - C Tieranu
- Clinic Fundeni Institute, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Bucharest
| | - C Meianu
- Clinic Fundeni Institute, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Bucharest
| | - M Diculescu
- Clinic Fundeni Institute, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Bucharest
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Luca VS, Stan AM, Trifan A, Miron A, Aprotosoaie AC. CATECHINS PROFILE, CAFFEINE CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CAMELLIA SINENSIS TEAS COMMERCIALIZED IN ROMANIA. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2016; 120:457-463. [PMID: 27483735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Catechins profile, caffeine content and antioxidant activity of different green tea and white tea samples commercialized on the Romanian market were investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Five green tea samples and five white tea samples commonly available on the Romanian market were processed by infusion and the lyophilisates of infusions were analyzed. Total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Catechins and caffeine profile was analyzed by RP-HPLC-DAD (Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column, binary mobile phase (A) 3% acetic acid and (B) methanol). In vitro antioxidant activity was assessed by free radical scavenging and ferrous ion chelating assays. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Total phenolic content ranged between 44.73 +/- 0.63 and 63.57 +/- 0.45 GAE% in green tea samples and between 9.69 +/- 0.90 and 52.99 +/- 0.45 GAE% in white tea samples. RP-HPLC-DAD analysis allowed the identification of epigallocatechin gallate (45.18-118.58 mg/g lyophilisate) and caffeine (47.79-108.07 mg/g lyophilisate) in all tea samples; epicatechin was detected in all samples (5.04-31.04 mg/g lyophilisate) except for two white teas infusions. Green tea samples scavenged DPPH radical and chelated ferrous ion with EC50=9.68 +/- 0.02-16.11 +/- 0.02 microg/mL and 10.91 +/- 0.04-18.65 +/- 0.03 microg/mL, respectively. For white teas, EC50 values varied between 9.50 +/- 0.02-20.95 +/- 0.02 microg/mL in DPPH assay and 12.49 +/- 0.03-20.32 +/- 0.07 microg/mL in ferrous ion chelating assay. CONCLUSIONS This study showed a large variability in the content of catechins and caffeine and in the antioxidant capacity of both green and white tea samples.
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Trifan A, Stoica O, Stanciu C, Cojocariu C, Singeap AM, Girleanu I, Miftode E. Clostridium difficile infection in patients with liver disease: a review. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 34:2313-24. [PMID: 26440041 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-015-2501-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, there has been a dramatic worldwide increase in both the incidence and severity of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Paralleling the increased incidence of CDI in the general population, there has been increased interest in CDI among patients with liver disease, particularly in those with liver cirrhosis and post liver transplantation. MEDLINE and several other electronic databases from January 1995 to December 2014 were searched in order to identify potentially relevant literature. Patients with cirrhosis and liver transplant recipients are at high risk for the development CDI because of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors use, frequent and prolonged hospitalization, immunosuppressant therapy, and multiple comorbidities. Enzyme immunoassay to detect C. difficile toxins A and B in stool remains the most widely used test for CDI diagnosis, although, more recently, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays have become the preferred diagnostic test in many laboratories. Metronidazole and vancomycin, given orally, have proved to be effective in the treatment of CDI. Both cirrhotic patients and liver transplant recipients with CDI have longer length of hospital stay, increased mortality, and higher healthcare costs than those without CDI. A rapid diagnosis and adequate therapy of CDI are of paramount importance to improve liver disease patients' outcome. The aim of this review is to provide up-to-date information on the epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, treatment, and outcomes in liver disease patients with CDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Trifan
- "Gr. T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111, Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, "St. Spiridon" Emergency University Hospital, Independentei Street no. 1, 700111, Iasi, Romania
| | - O Stoica
- "Gr. T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111, Iasi, Romania
| | - C Stanciu
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, "St. Spiridon" Emergency University Hospital, Independentei Street no. 1, 700111, Iasi, Romania.
| | - C Cojocariu
- "Gr. T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111, Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, "St. Spiridon" Emergency University Hospital, Independentei Street no. 1, 700111, Iasi, Romania
| | - A-M Singeap
- "Gr. T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111, Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, "St. Spiridon" Emergency University Hospital, Independentei Street no. 1, 700111, Iasi, Romania
| | - I Girleanu
- "Gr. T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111, Iasi, Romania
| | - E Miftode
- Hospital of Infectious Diseases, "Gr. T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111, Iasi, Romania
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Oprea E, Tuchiluş C, Aprotosoaie AC, Cioancă O, Trifan A, Grădinariu V, Miron A, Hăncianu M. Assessment of the microbial load of some medicinal plants commonly used in Romania. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2015; 119:267-272. [PMID: 25970977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to assess the microbial load of some medicinal plants (Matricaria chamomilla, Achillea millefolium, Ocimum basilicum, Calendula officinalis, Tilia cordata, Hypericum perforatum) commonly used as medicinal teas. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 24 samples collected from the local market, as well as from the spontaneous flora of Galati County, were analyzed in terms of the total number of germs, the content of coliform bacteria, yeasts and molds, and the presence of specific pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus, Salmonella spp.). RESULTS The values obtained for total number of germs, yeasts and molds were in accordance with the limits set by the European Pharmacopoeia for plant products to which hot water is added before use. In the case of specific pathogenic bacteria, the presence of E. coli was confirmed in 41.66% of the samples, the presence of Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus in 16.66% of the samples, and the presence of Bacillus cereus in 33.33% of the samples. Salmonella spp. was absent in all samples. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights a certain microbial load of medicinal plants analyzed, emphasizing the importance of quality control in all stages of production.
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Cojocariu C, Trifan A, Stoica O, Chihaia CA, Stanciu C. Clostridium difficile infection and inflammatory bowel disease: what gastroenterologists and surgeons should know. Chirurgia (Bucur) 2014; 109:579-83. [PMID: 25532244 DOI: pmid/25532244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades there has been a dramatic increase worldwide in both incidence and severity of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Paralleling the rising incidence of CDI in the general population, there has been an even higher increase in the incidence of CDI among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). CDI may mimic a flare of IBD as symptoms and laboratory parameters are often similar, and therefore, screening for CDI is recommended at every flare in such patients. Enzyme immunoassay to detect Clostridium difficile toxin A and B in stool is still the most widely used test for CDI diagnosis despite its low sensitivity. Metronidazole for mild/moderate CDI,and vancomycin for severe CDI are the preferred agents for the treatment of infection. CDI has a negative impact both on short- and long- term IBD outcomes, increasing the need for surgery, as well as the mortality rate and healthcare costs. All gastroenterologists and surgeons should have a high index of suspicion for CDI when evaluating a patient with IBD flare, as prompt diagnosis and adequate treatment of infection improve outcomes. Measures must be taken to prevent spreading of infection in gastroenterology /surgery settings.
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Gradinaru AC, Silion M, Trifan A, Miron A, Aprotosoaie AC. Helichrysum arenariumsubsp.arenarium: phenolic composition and antibacterial activity against lower respiratory tract pathogens. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:2076-80. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.924931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gradinaru AC, Miron A, Trifan A, Spac A, Brebu M, Aprotosoaie AC. Screening of antibacterial effects of anise essential oil alone and in combination with conventional antibiotics against Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2014; 118:537-543. [PMID: 25076728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the effects of anise essential oil alone and in combination with conventional antibiotics (amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin) against Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates. MATERIAL AND METHODs: Anise essential oil (AEO) was isolated by hydrodistillation from dried powdered fruits. Its chemical composition was investigated by GC-MS and GC-FID. Broth dilution assay was used to evaluate the antibacterial effects of anise essential oil. The interactions with antibiotics were studied by the checkerboard assay. RESULTS Trans-anethole (90.18%) was identified as major constituent in anise essential oil. Almost all combinations AEO-amoxicillin and AEO-ciprofloxacin showed indifferent interactions (1 < FIC index < or = 2). Positive interactions (addition and weak synergism) were found only for four combinations AEO-amoxicillin (FIC index = 1,0.62, 0.75 and 0.5) and one combination AEO-ciprofloxacin (FIC index = 0.62). CONCLUSIONS Herbal products containing anise essential oil may be used as expectorants in combination with amoxicillin or ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae infections without diminishing antibiotic efficacy.
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Amalinei RLM, Trifan A, Cioanca O, Miron SD, Mihai CT, Rotinberg P, Miron A. Polyphenol-rich extract from Pinus sylvestris L. bark--chemical and antitumor studies. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2014; 118:551-557. [PMID: 25076730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Pinus sylvestris L. is a very important timber tree in Romania, the bark being the main waste from the wood processing. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antitumor effects against HeLa cells of a polyphenol-rich extract from Pinus sylvestris L. bark. MATERIAL AND METHODS The polyphenolic content and profile were analyzed by means of spectrophotometry and RP-HPLC-UV/ESI-MS in the negative ion mode. The antitumor activity was investigated using two in vitro assays: MTT and flow cytometric apoptosis assays. RESULTS Pine bark extract contained a high total phenolic content (48.16 +/- 0.29%). RP-HPLC-UV/ESI-MS analysis allowed the identification of taxifolin, a taxifolin-hexoside and several procyanidins (two monomers, three dimers and three trimers). At 200 microg/mL, pine bark extract exhibited a high cytotoxicity against HeLa cells (82.10 +/- 1.95%). Flow cytometry revealed the ability of pine bark extract to induce apoptosis: 71.97 +/- 0.96% apoptotic cells were determined in HeLa cells after a 48 h incubation with pine bark extract (200 microg/mL). CONCLUSIONS The ability of pine bark extract to reduce viability and induce apoptosis in HeLa cells suggests the presence of compounds with antitumor properties and encourages further studies for their isolation and characterization.
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Bedreag CFG, Trifan A, Vasincu A, Miron SD, Aprotosoaie AC, Miron A. In vitro screening of Crataegus succulenta extracts for free radical scavenging and 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory activities. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2014; 118:544-550. [PMID: 25076729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Crataegus succulenta Schrad. ex Link is widely spread in North America. A literature survey revealed no studies on the chemical composition and biological effects of this species. AIM The aim of the present study was to investigate the phenolic content, free radical scavenging and 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory effects of Crataegus succulenta leaf and flower extracts. MATERIAL AND METHODS Total phenolic, flavonoid and proanthocyanidin contents were quantified by spectrophotometric methods. Both extracts were evaluated for their ability to scavenge DPPH, superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals and to inhibit 15-lipoxygenase activity. RESULTS There were noticed no striking differences in the total phenolic, flavonoid and proanthocyanidin contents between leaf and flower extracts. Both extracts showed similar 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory effects. Flower extract scavenged more effectively DPPH and superoxide radicals while leave extract was more active against hydroxyl radical. In superoxide anion radical scavenging assay, both extracts were more active than (+)-catechin. In hydroxyl radical scavenging and 15-lipoxygenase inhibition assays, the extracts were only 4-5 times less active than (+)-catechin. CONCLUSIONS The high antioxidant potential of Crataegus succulenta extracts suggest a possible use as ingredients in functional foods for the prevention of oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Cretu E, Karonen M, Salminen JP, Mircea C, Trifan A, Charalambous C, Constantinou AI, Miron A. In vitro study on the antioxidant activity of a polyphenol-rich extract from Pinus brutia bark and its fractions. J Med Food 2013; 16:984-91. [PMID: 24195749 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A crude hydromethanolic extract from Pinus brutia bark and its fractions (diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and aqueous fractions) were studied with regard to their phenolic content and antioxidant activities. The total phenolics and proanthocyanidins in each extract were quantified by spectrophotometric methods; the polyphenolic profile was analyzed by RP-HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. All extracts were tested with regard to their ability to scavenge free radicals (ABTS radical cation, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals), reduce ferric ions, and inhibit 15-lipoxygenase. P. brutia bark extracts had high phenolic contents (303.79±7.34-448.90±1.39 mg/g). Except diethyl ether extract, all other extracts contained proanthocyanidins ranging from 225.79±3.94 to 250.40±1.44 mg/g. Several polyphenols were identified by RP-HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS: taxifolin in diethyl ether extract, a taxifolin-O-hexoside, catechin, procyanidin dimers, and trimers in ethyl acetate extract. Except diethyl ether extract, all other extracts were effective scavengers of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals (EC₅₀=33.5±1.1-54.93±2.85 μg/mL and 0.47±0.06-0.6±0.0 mg/mL, respectively). All extracts had noticeable 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory effects (EC₅₀=22.47±0.75-34.43±2.25 μg/mL). We conclude that P. brutia bark is very promising for the dietary supplements industry due to its high free radical scavenging and 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cretu
- 1 Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Gr. T. Popa" Iasi , Iasi, Romania
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Aprotosoaie AC, Spac A, Cioancă O, Trifan A, Miron A, Hăncianu M. The chemical composition of essential oils isolated from sweet fennel fruits available as herbal tea products. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2013; 117:819-824. [PMID: 24502057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Sweet fennel fruits (Foeniculum vulgare subsp. vulgare var. dulce Mill.) are a spice with various uses in medicine, but also in food, pharmaceutic and cosmetic industries. Their biological activities as well as the flavoring properties are due to the essential oil. AIM In this paper, the essential oils obtained from seven Romanian fennel herbal tea products were comparatively characterized in terms of their chemical composition. MATERIAL AND METHODS The volatile oils obtained by hydrodistillation, according to the Ph. Eur. 6th edition, were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. RESULTS The volatile oil content of fennel herbal tea products varies widely (28.10-101.00 mL/kg dried fruits), but all the samples meet the requirements of the Ph Eur. 6th edition (min. 20 mL/kg dried fruits). Phenylpropanoid derivatives (52.12%-57.66%) and monoterpenes (39.25%-45.28%) represent the bulk of the fennel volatile oils. Trans-anethole, estragole, limonene, fenchone, a-pinene, y-terpinene and myrcene were the main compounds in all samples, but their levels vary greatly. CONCLUSIONS The Romanian fennel herbal tea products showed important differences in terms of volatile oil content. The qualitative and quantitative differences in the chemical composition of fennel volatile oils were also observed. The most striking variations concern trans-anethole and estragole phenylpropanoid derivatives. Furthermore, these variations could have a significant impact on the flavouring and biological effects of fennel volatile oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clara Aprotosoaie
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa", Iaşi
| | - Adrian Spac
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa", Iaşi
| | - Oana Cioancă
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa", Iaşi
| | - Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa", Iaşi
| | - Anca Miron
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa", Iaşi
| | - Monica Hăncianu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa", Iaşi
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Aprotosoaie AC, Răileanu E, Trifan A, Cioanca O. The polyphenolic content of common lamiaceae species available as herbal tea products in Romanian pharmacies. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2013; 117:233-237. [PMID: 24505921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The plants belonging to Lamiaceae family are widely used in medicine, cosmetic and food industry. Besides volatile oils, the main constituents of these plants are polyphenols. These compounds are secondary metabolites with multiple biological activities useful in the prevention and treatment of many disorders. AIM To determine the flavonoids. hydroxycinnamic acids and total polyphenols content in several aromatic Lamiaceae plants available in Romanian pharmacies as herbal tea products: Melissa officinalis, Lavandula officinalis, Rosmarinus officinalis, Mentha piperita, Thymus vulgaris and Salvia pratensis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The quantitative determination of different types of polyphenols was performed in ethanolic extracts 70% and 50%, respectively, of each sample, using spectrophotometric methods. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The total polyphenols levels in the investigated products ranged between 3.10% and 6.51% (expressed as g GAE/100 g dry weight), the largest amount being identified in Melissa officinalis (6.51%). The samples of Salvia pratensis and Mentha piperita were the richest in flavonoid derivatives expressed as g rutin/100 g dry weight (1.83% and 1.53%, respectively), the optimal extraction being with 70% ethanol. The highest content in hydroxycinnamic acids expressed as g rosmarinic acid/100 g dry weight was found in Melissa officinalis sample (4.15%). CONCLUSIONS There is a wide variability of polyphenolic content not only by species, but also depending on the polyphenols type or solvent used for extraction. The best extraction rate of total polyphenols in the investigated Lamiaceae species was obtained with 50% ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clara Aprotosoaie
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, Iaşi
| | - Elena Răileanu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, Iaşi
| | - Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, Iaşi
| | - Oana Cioanca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, Iaşi
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Creţu E, Trifan A, Aprotosoaie AC, Miron A. 15-lipoxygenase inhibition, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals scavenging activities of Cedrus brevifolia bark extracts. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2013; 117:250-256. [PMID: 24505924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cedrus brevifolia (Hook. f.) Henry, a species endemic to Cyprus, has not been studied regarding its constituents and potential biological activities. MATERIAL AND METHODS A crude extract from Cedrus brevifolia bark and its four fractions (diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions) were investigated regarding their capacity to inhibit 15-lipoxygenase and scavenge reactive oxygen species (superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals). Catechin was used as positive control in all antioxidant assays. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In the superoxide anion radical scavenging assay, the crude extract showed the highest activity (EC50 = 57.73 +/- 1.25 microg/mL) comparable to that of the positive control, catechin (EC50 = 52.60 +/- 1.65 microg/mL). All other fractions exhibited noticeable scavenging effects against superoxide radical, their EC50 values ranging from 76.33 +/- 3.50 to 91.06 +/- 4.45 microg/mL. The ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions were the most active in the hydroxyl radical scavenging (EC50 = 580.20 +/- 18.72 and 792.10 +/- 15.36 microg/mL, respectively) and 15-lipoxygenase inhibition assays (EC50 = 34.0 +/- 0.9 and 40.96 +/- 0.45 microg/mL, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Cedrus brevifolia bark is a valuable source of compounds with reactive oxygen species and 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory activities. These results support further studies for the identification and isolation of the bioactive constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Creţu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, Iasi
| | - Adriana Trifan
- Discipline of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, Iasi
| | - Ana Clara Aprotosoaie
- Discipline of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, Iasi
| | - Anca Miron
- Discipline of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, Iasi
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Creţu E, Trifan A, Vasincu A, Miron A. Plant-derived anticancer agents - curcumin in cancer prevention and treatment. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2012; 116:1223-1229. [PMID: 23700916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays cancer is still a major public health issue. Despite all the progresses made in cancer prevention, diagnosis and treatment, mortality by cancer is on the second place after the one caused by cardiovascular diseases. The high mortality and the increasing incidence of certain cancers (lung, prostate, colorectal) justify a growing interest for the identification of new pharmacological agents efficient in cancer prevention and treatment. In the last fifty years many plant-derived agents (vinblastine, vincristine, vindesine, paclitaxel, docetaxel, topotecan, irinotecan, elliptinium) played a major role in cancer treatment. Other very promising plant-derived anticancer agents (combrestatins, betulinic acid, roscovitine, purvalanols, indirubins) are in clinical or preclinical trials. Curcumin, a liposoluble polyphenolic pigment isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberaceae), is another potential candidate for new anticancer drug development. Curcumin has been reported to influence many cell-signaling pathways involved in tumor initiation and proliferation. Curcumin inhibits COX-2 activity, cyclin D1 and MMPs overexpresion, NF-kB, STAT and TNF-alpha signaling pathways and regulates the expression of p53 tumor suppressing gene. Curcumin is well-tolerated but has a reduced systemic bioavailability. Polycurcumins (PCurc 8) and curcumin encapsulated in biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles (NanoCurc) showed higher bioavailability than curcumin together with a significant tumor growth inhibition in both in vitro and in vivo studies. BILITY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Creţu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T Popa lasi, Faculty of Pharmacy
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