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Tous-Espelosín M, Gorostegi-Anduaga I, Corres P, MartinezAguirre-Betolaza A, Maldonado-Martín S. Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life after Different Aerobic Exercise Programs in Physically Inactive Adults with Overweight/Obesity and Primary Hypertension: Data from the EXERDIET-HTA Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17249349. [PMID: 33327586 PMCID: PMC7765072 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Primary hypertension (HTN) and obesity are associated with a worse health-related quality of life (QoL). This research was carried out to analyze the health-related QoL measurements in a physically inactive and obese population with HTN (n = 253) in comparison to a HEALTHY sample (n = 30), to determine the HTN sample changes in QoL following different (high-volume moderate-intensity continuous training, high-volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT), low-volume HIIT) 16-week supervised aerobic exercise training (ExT) programs compared to attention control, and to assess the differences in QoL variables between the different ExT programs. The SF-36 questionnaire was used to assess health-related QoL. At baseline, HTN showed lower scores (p < 0.05) in physical function (88.6 vs. 99.2), general health (63.3 vs. 82.4), vitality (58.2 vs. 68.7), social functioning (88.5 vs. 95.2), and mental health (76.1 vs. 81.8) compared to HEALTHY. Following intervention, all HTN subgroups showed higher (p < 0.05) vitality, but physical functioning and general health significantly improved only in the ExT groups, with even better values in general health for both HIIT subgroups. Only the low-volume HIIT showed positive changes (p < 0.05) in social functioning (∆ = 6.9%) and mental health (∆ = 6.4%) domains after the intervention. These results highlight the important role of supervised exercise in improving physical and psychological health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Tous-Espelosín
- GIzartea, Kirola eta Ariketa Fisikoa Ikerkuntza Taldea (GIKAFIT) Society, Sports, and Physical Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.T.-E.); (I.G.-A.); (P.C.); (A.M.-B.)
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Ilargi Gorostegi-Anduaga
- GIzartea, Kirola eta Ariketa Fisikoa Ikerkuntza Taldea (GIKAFIT) Society, Sports, and Physical Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.T.-E.); (I.G.-A.); (P.C.); (A.M.-B.)
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Pablo Corres
- GIzartea, Kirola eta Ariketa Fisikoa Ikerkuntza Taldea (GIKAFIT) Society, Sports, and Physical Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.T.-E.); (I.G.-A.); (P.C.); (A.M.-B.)
| | - Aitor MartinezAguirre-Betolaza
- GIzartea, Kirola eta Ariketa Fisikoa Ikerkuntza Taldea (GIKAFIT) Society, Sports, and Physical Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.T.-E.); (I.G.-A.); (P.C.); (A.M.-B.)
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Sara Maldonado-Martín
- GIzartea, Kirola eta Ariketa Fisikoa Ikerkuntza Taldea (GIKAFIT) Society, Sports, and Physical Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.T.-E.); (I.G.-A.); (P.C.); (A.M.-B.)
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-945013534; Fax: +34-945013501
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MALDONADO-MARTIN SARA, Gorostegi-Anduaga I, Corres P, MartinezAguirre-Betolaza A, Dominguez-Martinez S, Saracho R, Jurio-Iriarte B, Tous-Espelosín M, Brubaker PH. Sex Differences In Leptin And Cardiometabolic Profile After Exercise Intervention In Obese And Hypertensive Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000677192.23723.b9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Corres P, MartinezAguirre-Betolaza A, Fryer SM, Gorostegi-Anduaga I, Arratibel-Imaz I, Aispuru GR, Maldonado-Martín S. Long-Term Effects in the EXERDIET-HTA Study: Supervised Exercise Training vs. Physical Activity Advice. Res Q Exerc Sport 2020; 91:209-218. [PMID: 31647384 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2019.1656794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To determine whether improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), blood pressure (BP) and body composition previously seen after a 16-week exercise intervention (POST) with hypocaloric diet are maintained following six months (6M) of unsupervised exercise time. Methods: Overweight/obese, physically inactive participants with primary hypertension (HTN) (n = 190) were randomly assigned into an attention control group (physical activity recommendations) or one of three supervised exercise groups. After POST, all participants received diet and physical activity advice for the following 6M but no supervision. All anthropometric and physiological measurements were taken pre and post the 16-week supervised intervention period, as well as after 6M of no supervision. Results: After 6M: 1) body mass (BM) (Δ = 2.5%) and waist circumference (Δ = 1.8%) were higher (P < .005) than POST, but lower (P < .005) than pre-intervention (BM, Δ = -5.1%; waist circumference, Δ = -4.7%), with high-volume and high-intensity interval training group revealing a higher BM reduction (Δ = -6.4 kg) compared to control group (Δ = -3.5 kg); 2) BP variables were higher (P < .001) compared to POST with no change from pre-intervention; and 3) CRF was higher compared to pre-intervention (Δ = 17.1%, P < .001) but lower than POST (Δ = -5.7%, P < .001). Conclusions: When an overweight/obese population with HTN attains significant improvements in cardiometabolic health POST intervention with diet restriction, there is a significant reduction following 6M when exercise and diet supervision is removed, and only recommendations were applied. These results suggest the need for a regular, systematic and supervised diet and exercise programs to avoid subsequent declines in cardiometabolic health.
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Paterson C, Stone KJ, Stoner L, Credeur DP, MartinezAguirre-Betolaza A, Festa J, Brown MA, Parker JK, Fryer S. Investigating the Effect of a High Fat Meal and Prolonged Sitting on Executive Function: A Pilot Study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000562513.68051.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fryer S, Stone KJ, Paterson C, Brown MA, MartinezAguirre-Betolaza A, Credeur DP, Faulkner J, Zieff GH, Kelsch E, Burnet K, Stoner L. Impact of a High Fat Meal Combined with Prolonged Sitting on Central and Peripheral Arterial Stiffness; A Pilot Study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000562509.52872.d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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MartinezAguirre-Betolaza A, Maldonado-Martín S, Corres P, Gorostegi-Anduaga I, Aispuru GR, Mujika I. Actigraphy-based sleep analysis in sedentary and overweight/obese adults with primary hypertension: data from the EXERDIET-HTA study. Sleep Breath 2019; 23:1265-1273. [PMID: 30815806 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-019-01813-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to analyze actigraphy-based sleep quantity and quality in sedentary and overweight/obese adults with primary hypertension (HTN) divided by sex and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and to assess the association of sleep parameters with body composition, blood pressure (BP), and CRF. METHODS This is a cross-sectional design utilizing data from the EXERDIET-HTA study conducted in 154 non-physically, obese adults with HTN (53.3 ± 7.8 years). Sleep parameters (total bedtime; total sleep time, TST; and sleep efficiency = (TST/total bedtime) × 100)) were calculated from raw accelerometer data (ActiGraph GT3X+). Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) determined the CRF. Blood pressure was assessed with the 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring. The distributions of V̇O2peak were divided into tertiles (low, medium, and high CRF) in each sex. Series of linear regression analyses were conducted between sleep, fitness, and health-related variables. RESULTS Short sleep duration (6.2 h) both on weekdays and weekends, poor sleep quality (< 85% of efficiency), and no significant differences in sleep variables between women and men, nor among CRF groups, were observed. The short sleeping pattern was negatively associated (P < 0.05) with mean and night systolic BP (mmHg, β = - 0.2), and sleep efficiency with waist circumference (cm, β = - 0.08, P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Actigraphy-based sleep analysis reinforces that sleep disorders, such as short sleep duration and poor sleep quality, are associated with high BP and abdominal obesity in sedentary adults with overweight/obesity and HTN. Sleep pattern did not appear to be related with CRF level in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor MartinezAguirre-Betolaza
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Portal de Lasarte, 71, 01007, Vitoria-Gasteiz, (Araba/Alava)-Basque Country, Spain
| | - Sara Maldonado-Martín
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Portal de Lasarte, 71, 01007, Vitoria-Gasteiz, (Araba/Alava)-Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Pablo Corres
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Portal de Lasarte, 71, 01007, Vitoria-Gasteiz, (Araba/Alava)-Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ilargi Gorostegi-Anduaga
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Portal de Lasarte, 71, 01007, Vitoria-Gasteiz, (Araba/Alava)-Basque Country, Spain
| | - G Rodrigo Aispuru
- Cardiology Unit, Igualatorio Médico Quirúrgico (IMQ-Amárica), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba/Álava, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Iñigo Mujika
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
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Gorostegi-Anduaga I, Maldonado-Martín S, MartinezAguirre-Betolaza A, Corres P, Romaratezabala E, Whittaker AC, Francisco-Terreros S, Pérez-Asenjo J. Effects on Cardiovascular Risk Scores and Vascular Age After Aerobic Exercise and Nutritional Intervention in Sedentary and Overweight/Obese Adults with Primary Hypertension: The EXERDIET-HTA Randomized Trial Study. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2018; 25:361-368. [PMID: 30251109 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-018-0281-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The EXERDIET-HTA study was a multi-arm parallel, a randomized, single-blind controlled experimental trial comparing the effects of 16 weeks of different aerobic exercise programs two days per week, and dietary intervention in a hypertensive, overweight/obese and non-physically active population. AIM To evaluate the influence of diet and aerobic exercise program intervention on cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors and predicted CVR and vascular age (VA) profiles in overweight/obese people with primary hypertension (HTN), and to analyze the potential sex differences in the ability to predict VA and CVR via different methods. METHODS The CVR and VA determined (n = 167, 53.7 ± 7.8 years) using the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) and the new equation for the prediction of 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, before and after the 16-week intervention period (different aerobic exercise programs + hypocaloric diet). The sex-specific risk factors considered were age, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diabetes mellitus (DM) and smoking status. RESULTS From baseline to follow-up, participants reduced (p ≤ 0.001) FRS-CVR score and VA, and SBP. Total cholesterol decreased significantly, but specifically in men (p ≤ 0.001), and antihypertensive medication (%) in women (p = 0.047). No significant differences over time were observed for HDL-C, smoking, DM overall for either sex. For ASCVD-CVR there was no overall change or for either sex. After the intervention, women had a lower CVR score than men (p ≤ 0.001), irrespective of the calculation method. CONCLUSIONS The improvement in CVR factors after 16-week lifestyle changes reduced the risk of suffering a cardiovascular event in overweight/obese adults with HTN through the FRS estimation tool, but not with the ASCVD score. The risk score algorithms could underestimate CVR in women. In contrast, VA could be a useful and easier tool in the management of individuals with CVR factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilargi Gorostegi-Anduaga
- Laboratory of Performance Analysis in Sport, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Science Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Portal de Lasarte 71, 01007, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba/Álava, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Sara Maldonado-Martín
- Laboratory of Performance Analysis in Sport, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Science Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Portal de Lasarte 71, 01007, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba/Álava, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Aitor MartinezAguirre-Betolaza
- Laboratory of Performance Analysis in Sport, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Science Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Portal de Lasarte 71, 01007, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba/Álava, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Pablo Corres
- Laboratory of Performance Analysis in Sport, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Science Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Portal de Lasarte 71, 01007, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba/Álava, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Estíbaliz Romaratezabala
- Laboratory of Performance Analysis in Sport, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Science Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Portal de Lasarte 71, 01007, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba/Álava, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Anna C Whittaker
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Silvia Francisco-Terreros
- Clinical Trials Unit, Health and Quality of Life Area, TECNALIA, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba/Álava, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Javier Pérez-Asenjo
- Cardiology Unit, Igualatorio Médico Quirúrgico (IMQ-Amárica), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba/Álava, Basque Country, Spain
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Gorostegi-Anduaga I, Corres P, MartinezAguirre-Betolaza A, Pérez-Asenjo J, Aispuru GR, Fryer SM, Maldonado-Martín S. Effects of different aerobic exercise programmes with nutritional intervention in sedentary adults with overweight/obesity and hypertension: EXERDIET-HTA study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2018; 25:343-353. [DOI: 10.1177/2047487317749956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Both exercise training and diet are recommended to prevent and control hypertension and overweight/obesity. Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of different 16-week aerobic exercise programmes with hypocaloric diet on blood pressure, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and pharmacological treatment. Methods Overweight/obese, sedentary participants ( n = 175, aged 54.0 ± 8.2 years) with hypertension were randomly assigned into an attention control group (physical activity recommendations) or one of three supervised exercise groups (2 days/week: high-volume with 45 minutes of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), high-volume and high-intensity interval training (HIIT), alternating high and moderate intensities, and low-volume HIIT (20 minutes)). All variables were assessed pre- and post-intervention. All participants received the same hypocaloric diet. Results Following the intervention, there was a significant reduction in blood pressure and body mass in all groups with no between-group differences for blood pressure. However, body mass was significantly less reduced in the attention control group compared with all exercise groups (attention control –6.6%, high-volume MICT –8.3%, high-volume HIIT –9.7%, low-volume HIIT –6.9%). HIIT groups had significantly higher cardiorespiratory fitness than high-volume MICT, but there were no significant between-HIIT differences (attention control 16.4%, high-volume MICT 23.6%, high-volume HIIT 36.7%, low-volume HIIT 30.5%). Medication was removed in 7.6% and reduced in 37.7% of the participants. Conclusions The combination of hypocaloric diet with supervised aerobic exercise 2 days/week offers an optimal non-pharmacological tool in the management of blood pressure, cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition in overweight/obese and sedentary individuals with hypertension. High-volume HIIT seems to be better for reducing body mass compared with low-volume HIIT. The exercise-induced improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness is intensity dependent with low-volume HIIT as a time-efficient method in this population. ClinicalTrials.gov Registration: NCT02283047.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Corres
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Spain
| | | | | | | | - Simon M Fryer
- School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, UK
| | - Sara Maldonado-Martín
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Spain
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