1
|
Miyauchi A, Watanabe C, Yamada N, Jimbo EF, Kobayashi M, Ohishi N, Nagayoshi A, Aoki S, Kishita Y, Ohtake A, Ohno N, Takahashi M, Yamagata T, Osaka H. Apomorphine is a potent inhibitor of ferroptosis independent of dopaminergic receptors. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4820. [PMID: 38413694 PMCID: PMC10899610 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55293-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Originally, apomorphine was a broad-spectrum dopamine agonist with an affinity for all subtypes of the Dopamine D1 receptor to the D5 receptor. We previously identified apomorphine as a potential therapeutic agent for mitochondrial diseases by screening a chemical library of fibroblasts from patients with mitochondrial diseases. In this study, we showed that apomorphine prevented ferroptosis in fibroblasts from various types of mitochondrial diseases as well as in normal controls. Well-known biomarkers of ferroptosis include protein markers such as prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), a key gene for ferroptosis-related inflammation PTGS2, lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species. Our findings that apomorphine induced significant downregulation of PTSG2 and suppressed lipid peroxide to the same extent as other inhibitors of ferroptosis also indicate that apomorphine suppresses ferroptosis. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report that the anti-ferroptosis effect of apomorphine is not related to dopamine receptor agonist action and that apomorphine is a potent inhibitor of ferroptotic cell death independent of dopaminergic receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
| | - Chika Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Naoya Yamada
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Eriko F Jimbo
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Mizuki Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Natsumi Ohishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Atsuko Nagayoshi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Shiho Aoki
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Kishita
- Diagnostics and Therapeutics of Intractable Diseases, Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Ohtake
- Department of Clinical Genomics & Pediatrics (Faculty of Medicine), Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
- Center for Intractable Diseases, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Ohno
- Department of Anatomy, Division of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
- Division of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Masafumi Takahashi
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Takanori Yamagata
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ohori S, Miyauchi A, Osaka H, Lourenco CM, Arakaki N, Sengoku T, Ogata K, Honjo RS, Kim CA, Mitsuhashi S, Frith MC, Seyama R, Tsuchida N, Uchiyama Y, Koshimizu E, Hamanaka K, Misawa K, Miyatake S, Mizuguchi T, Saito K, Fujita A, Matsumoto N. Biallelic structural variations within FGF12 detected by long-read sequencing in epilepsy. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202302025. [PMID: 37286232 PMCID: PMC10248215 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We discovered biallelic intragenic structural variations (SVs) in FGF12 by applying long-read whole genome sequencing to an exome-negative patient with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE). We also found another DEE patient carrying a biallelic (homozygous) single-nucleotide variant (SNV) in FGF12 that was detected by exome sequencing. FGF12 heterozygous recurrent missense variants with gain-of-function or heterozygous entire duplication of FGF12 are known causes of epilepsy, but biallelic SNVs/SVs have never been described. FGF12 encodes intracellular proteins interacting with the C-terminal domain of the alpha subunit of voltage-gated sodium channels 1.2, 1.5, and 1.6, promoting excitability by delaying fast inactivation of the channels. To validate the molecular pathomechanisms of these biallelic FGF12 SVs/SNV, highly sensitive gene expression analyses using lymphoblastoid cells from the patient with biallelic SVs, structural considerations, and Drosophila in vivo functional analysis of the SNV were performed, confirming loss-of-function. Our study highlights the importance of small SVs in Mendelian disorders, which may be overlooked by exome sequencing but can be detected efficiently by long-read whole genome sequencing, providing new insights into the pathomechanisms of human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Ohori
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Genetics, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Akihiko Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical School, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical School, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Charles Marques Lourenco
- Neurogenetics Department, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil
- Personalized Medicine Department, Special Education Sector at DLE/Grupo Pardini, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Naohiro Arakaki
- Department of Chromosome Science, National Institute of Genetics, Research Organization of Information and Systems (ROIS), Shizuoka, Japan
- Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Toru Sengoku
- Department of Biochemistry, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ogata
- Department of Biochemistry, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Rachel Sayuri Honjo
- Unidade de Genética Médica do Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chong Ae Kim
- Unidade de Genética Médica do Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Satomi Mitsuhashi
- Department of Neurology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Martin C Frith
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- Computational Bio Big-Data Open Innovation Laboratory, AIST, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rie Seyama
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naomi Tsuchida
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Rare Disease Genomics, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuri Uchiyama
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Rare Disease Genomics, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Eriko Koshimizu
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kohei Hamanaka
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Misawa
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoko Miyatake
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mizuguchi
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Saito
- Department of Chromosome Science, National Institute of Genetics, Research Organization of Information and Systems (ROIS), Shizuoka, Japan
- Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Fujita
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Watanabe C, Osaka H, Watanabe M, Miyauchi A, Jimbo EF, Tokuyama T, Uosaki H, Kishita Y, Okazaki Y, Onuki T, Ebihara T, Aizawa K, Murayama K, Ohtake A, Yamagata T. Total and reduced/oxidized forms of coenzyme Q 10 in fibroblasts of patients with mitochondrial disease. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2023; 34:100951. [PMID: 36632326 PMCID: PMC9826971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2022.100951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is involved in ATP production through electron transfer in the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex. CoQ10 receives electrons from respiratory chain complex I and II to become the reduced form, and then transfers electrons at complex III to become the oxidized form. The redox state of CoQ10 has been reported to be a marker of the mitochondrial metabolic state, but to our knowledge, no reports have focused on the individual quantification of reduced and oxidized CoQ10 or the ratio of reduced to total CoQ10 (reduced/total CoQ10) in patients with mitochondrial diseases. We measured reduced and oxidized CoQ10 in skin fibroblasts from 24 mitochondrial disease patients, including 5 primary CoQ10 deficiency patients and 10 respiratory chain complex deficiency patients, and determined the reduced/total CoQ10 ratio. In primary CoQ10 deficiency patients, total CoQ10 levels were significantly decreased, however, the reduced/total CoQ10 ratio was not changed. On the other hand, in mitochondrial disease patients other than primary CoQ10 deficiency patients, total CoQ10 levels did not decrease. However, the reduced/total CoQ10 ratio in patients with respiratory chain complex IV and V deficiency was higher in comparison to those with respiratory chain complex I deficiency. Measurement of CoQ10 in fibroblasts proved useful for the diagnosis of primary CoQ10 deficiency. In addition, the reduced/total CoQ10 ratio may reflect the metabolic status of mitochondrial disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chika Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- Corresponding author at: Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Miyuki Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Akihiko Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Eriko F. Jimbo
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tokuyama
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hideki Uosaki
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Kishita
- Diagnostics and Therapeutic of Intractable Diseases, Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okazaki
- Diagnostics and Therapeutic of Intractable Diseases, Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Comprehensive Genomic Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takanori Onuki
- Center for Medical Genetics and Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ebihara
- Center for Medical Genetics and Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenichi Aizawa
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kei Murayama
- Center for Medical Genetics and Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Ohtake
- Department of Clinical Genomics & Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shimozawa H, Sato T, Osaka H, Takeda A, Miyauchi A, Omika N, Yada Y, Kono Y, Murayama K, Okazaki Y, Kishita Y, Yamagata T. A Case of Infantile Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy Treated with a Combination of Low-Dose Propranolol and Cibenzoline for Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Stenosis. Int Heart J 2022; 63:970-977. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.21-859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Atsuhito Takeda
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | | | - Narumi Omika
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University
| | - Yukari Yada
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University
| | - Yumi Kono
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University
| | - Kei Murayama
- Center for Medical Genetics and Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital
| | - Yasushi Okazaki
- Diagnostics and Therapeutic of Intractable Diseases, Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Yoshihito Kishita
- Diagnostics and Therapeutic of Intractable Diseases, Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ikeda T, Kawahara Y, Miyauchi A, Niijima H, Furukawa R, Shimozawa N, Morimoto A, Osaka H, Yamagata T. Low donor chimerism may be sufficient to prevent demyelination in adrenoleukodystrophy. JIMD Rep 2022; 63:19-24. [PMID: 35028267 PMCID: PMC8743339 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a peroxisomal disorder characterized by white matter degeneration caused by adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette subfamily D member 1 (ABCD1) gene mutations, which lead to an accumulation of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the most effective treatment; however, the ratio of donor-to-recipient cells required to prevent the progression of demyelination is unclear. The proband was diagnosed with the childhood cerebral form of ALD at 5 years of age based on the clinical phenotype, elevated plasma VLCFA levels, and pathogenic ABCD1 mutation c.293C>T (p.Ser98Leu). Soon after the diagnosis, he became bedridden. At 1 year of age, his younger brother was found to carry the same ABCD1 mutation; despite being asymptomatic, at 1 year and 9 months, head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed high-signal-intensity lesions in the cerebral white matter. The patient underwent unrelated cord blood transplantation (UCBT) with a reduced conditioning regimen, which resulted in mixed chimerism. For 7 years after UCBT, the donor chimerism remained low (<10%) in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid. However, even though a second HSCT was not performed, his neurological symptoms and brain MRI findings did not deteriorate. Our case suggests that even a small number of donor cells may prevent demyelination in ALD. This is an important case when considering the timing of a second HSCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Ikeda
- Department of PediatricsJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | - Yuta Kawahara
- Department of PediatricsJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | | | - Hitomi Niijima
- Department of PediatricsJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | - Rieko Furukawa
- Department of RadiologyJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | - Nobuyuki Shimozawa
- Division of Genomics Research, Life Science Research CenterGifu UniversityGifuJapan
| | - Akira Morimoto
- Department of PediatricsJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of PediatricsJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Matsumoto A, Kojima K, Miya F, Miyauchi A, Watanabe K, Iwamoto S, Kawai K, Kato M, Takahashi Y, Yamagata T. Two cases of DYNC1H1 mutations with intractable epilepsy. Brain Dev 2021; 43:857-862. [PMID: 34092403 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The DYNC1H1 gene encodes the heavy chain of cytoplasmic dynein 1, a core structure of the cytoplasmic dynein complex. Dominant DYNC1H1 mutations are implicated in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, axonal, type 20, spinal muscular atrophy, lower extremity-predominant 1, and autosomal dominant mental retardation 13 with neuronal migration defects. We report two patients with DYNC1H1 mutations who had intractable epilepsy and intellectual disability (ID), one with and one without pachygyria. CASE REPORTS Patient 1 had severe ID. At the age of 2 months, she presented myoclonic seizures and tonic seizures, and later experienced atonic seizures and focal impaired-awareness seizures (FIAS). EEG showed slow waves in right central areas during myoclonic seizures. Brain MRI revealed pachygyria, predominantly in the occipital lobe. After callosal transection her atonic seizures disappeared, but FIAS remained. Patient 2 was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and severe ID. At the age of 7 years, he presented generalized tonic-clonic seizures, myoclonic seizures, and FIAS. Interictal EEG showed generalized spike-and-wave complexes, predominantly in the left frontal area. Brain MRI was unremarkable. Exome sequencing revealed novel de novo mutations in DYNC1H1: c.4691A > T, p.(Glu1564Val) in Patient 1 and c.12536 T > C, p.(Leu4179Ser) in Patient 2. CONCLUSIONS DYNC1H1 comprises a stem, stalk, and six AAA domains. Patient 2 is the second report of an AAA6 domain mutation without malformations of cortical development. The p.(Gly4072Ser) mutation in the AAA6 domain was also reported in a patient with ASD. It may be that the AAA6 domain has little effect on neuronal movement of DYNC1H1 along microtubules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Matsumoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan; Department of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Karin Kojima
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Miya
- Department of Medical Science Mathematics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Watanabe
- Department of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Sadahiko Iwamoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kawai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukitoshi Takahashi
- National Epilepsy Center, NHO Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorders, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kurane K, Monden Y, Tanaka D, Gunji Y, Ikeda T, Miyauchi A, Osaka H, Takahashi T, Yamagata T. MOG-Ab titer-guided approach for steroid tapering to prevent relapse in children with mog antibody-associated adem diseases: A case report. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020; 45:102320. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
8
|
Miller P, Adachi J, Albergaria BH, Cheung AM, Chines A, Gielen E, Langdahl B, Miyauchi A, Oates M, Reid I, Ruiz Santiago N, Vanderkelen M, Yang W, Yu Z. OP0297 EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ROMOSOZUMAB AMONG POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH OSTEOPOROSIS AND MILD-TO-MODERATE CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Osteoporosis and renal insufficiency are coexisting disease states in a substantial proportion of postmenopausal women. Since bisphosphonates are generally contraindicated in patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <35 mL/min, it is important to evaluate other osteoporosis treatments in this setting.Objectives:To determine if baseline renal function affects the efficacy and safety of romosozumab.Methods:We performed post hoc analyses of two clinical trials of romosozumab in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. In ARCH (NCT01631214), 4,093 patients were randomised 1:1 to romosozumab 210 mg monthly or alendronate 70 mg weekly for 12 months (mean age: 74.3 years; 96.1% with prevalent vertebral fractures [VFx]). In FRAME (NCT01575834), 7,180 patients were randomised 1:1 to romosozumab 210 mg or placebo monthly for 12 months (mean age: 70.9 years; 18.3% with prevalent VFx). For these analyses, patients were categorised by baseline eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2): normal renal function (eGFR ≥90), mild renal insufficiency (eGFR 60–89), or moderate renal insufficiency (eGFR 30–59). Least squares mean (LSM) percent change from baseline in bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck; incidence of new VFx and adverse events (AEs); and changes in renal function were assessed for each eGFR category at Month 12 of the double-blind treatment period.Results:At baseline, most patients had mild/moderate renal insufficiency: 84% in ARCH, 88% in FRAME. In both studies, change from baseline in BMD was significantly higher in the romosozumab group across baseline eGFR categories (Figure). There was an interaction between BMD increase and renal function, and although BMD increase was not as large in women with impaired renal function, differences between romosozumab and control groups remained significant (Figure). In ARCH, among patients with eGFR ≥90, 60–89, and 30–59, the incidence of new VFx (romosozumab vs alendronate) at Month 12 was 3.3% vs 7.3%, 3.2% vs 3.9%, and 3.4% vs 6.2% in ARCH. In FRAME, the incidence of new VFx (romosozumab vs placebo) at Month 12 was 0.5% vs 3.0%, 0.4% vs 1.5%, and 0.6% vs 2.1%.In both studies, the incidences of AEs and serious AEs were similar in both treatment groups within and across eGFR categories. AEs of mild-to-moderate hypocalcaemia (investigator reported) occurred in two patients in ARCH (one romosozumab [eGFR 60–89] and one alendronate [eGFR ≥90]), and one patient in FRAME (romosozumab [eGFR 60–89]). Five patients in ARCH (all in the alendronate group) and 19 patients in FRAME (14 romosozumab, 5 placebo) had decreases in serum Ca levels (albumin adjusted); in the romosozumab group all were mild (<LLN–8.0 mg/dL) or moderate (<8.0–7.0 mg/dL). A similar percentage of patients in each group had changes in renal function over 12 months of treatment.Conclusion:The efficacy and safety of romosozumab vs alendronate or placebo was similar among postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and different levels of renal function.Acknowledgments:This study was funded by Amgen, Astellas and UCB Pharma. Editorial services were provided by Costello Medical.Disclosure of Interests:Paul Miller Grant/research support from: Amgen, Radius Health, Ultragenyx, Consultant of: Amgen, Radius Health, Jonathan Adachi Consultant of: Amgen, Speakers bureau: Amgen, Ben-Hur Albergaria Consultant of: Amgen Inc., Eli Lilly, Speakers bureau: Amgen Inc., Eli Lilly, Angela M Cheung Consultant of: Amgen, Eli Lilly, Arkadi Chines Shareholder of: Amgen Inc., Employee of: Amgen Inc., Evelien Gielen Consultant of: Amgen Inc., Takeda, Sandoz and UCB Pharma, Speakers bureau: Amgen Inc., Takeda, Sandoz and UCB Pharma, Bente Langdahl Grant/research support from: Amgen, NovoNordisk, Consultant of: Amgen Inc., Eli Lilly, UCB Pharma, Akimitsu Miyauchi Consultant of: Amgen Inc., Astellas BioPharma K.K., Teijin Pharma, Mary Oates Shareholder of: Amgen Inc., Employee of: Amgen Inc., Ian Reid Consultant of: Amgen Inc., Eli Lilly, Speakers bureau: Amgen Inc., Eli Lilly, Norma Ruiz Santiago Shareholder of: Amgen Inc., Employee of: Amgen Inc., Mark Vanderkelen Employee of: UCB Pharma, Wenjing Yang Shareholder of: Amgen Inc., Employee of: Amgen Inc., Zhigang Yu Shareholder of: Amgen Inc., Employee of: Amgen Inc.
Collapse
|
9
|
Yamada Y, Somiya K, Miyauchi A, Osaka H, Harashima H. Validation of a mitochondrial RNA therapeutic strategy using fibroblasts from a Leigh syndrome patient with a mutation in the mitochondrial ND3 gene. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7511. [PMID: 32371897 PMCID: PMC7200808 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64322-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We report on the validation of a mitochondrial gene therapeutic strategy using fibroblasts from a Leigh syndrome patient by the mitochondrial delivery of therapeutic mRNA. The treatment involves delivering normal ND3 protein-encoding mRNA as a therapeutic RNA to mitochondria of the fibroblasts from a patient with a T10158C mutation in the mtDNA coding the ND3 protein, a component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. The treatment involved the use of a liposome-based carrier (a MITO-Porter) for delivering therapeutic RNA to mitochondria via membrane fusion. The results confirmed that the mitochondrial transfection of therapeutic RNA by the MITO-Porter system resulted in a decrease in the levels of mutant RNA in mitochondria of diseased cells based on reverse transcription quantitative PCR. An evaluation of mitochondrial respiratory activity by respirometry also showed that transfection using the MITO-Porter resulted in an increase in maximal mitochondrial respiratory activity in the diseased cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12 Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Kana Somiya
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12 Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Akihiko Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hideyoshi Harashima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12 Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kojima K, Nakajima T, Taga N, Miyauchi A, Kato M, Matsumoto A, Ikeda T, Nakamura K, Kubota T, Mizukami H, Ono S, Onuki Y, Sato T, Osaka H, Muramatsu SI, Yamagata T. Gene therapy improves motor and mental function of aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency. Brain 2019; 142:322-333. [PMID: 30689738 PMCID: PMC6377184 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency, a decrease in catecholamines and serotonin levels in the brain leads to developmental delay and movement disorders. The beneficial effects of gene therapy in patients from 1 to 8 years of age with homogeneous severity of disease have been reported from Taiwan. We conducted an open-label phase 1/2 study of population including adolescent patients with different degrees of severity. Six patients were enrolled: four males (ages 4, 10, 15 and 19 years) and one female (age 12 years) with a severe phenotype who were not capable of voluntary movement or speech, and one female (age 5 years) with a moderate phenotype who could walk with support. The patients received a total of 2 × 1011 vector genomes of adeno-associated virus vector harbouring DDC via bilateral intraputaminal infusions. At up to 2 years after gene therapy, the motor function was remarkably improved in all patients. Three patients with the severe phenotype were able to stand with support, and one patient could walk with a walker, while the patient with the moderate phenotype could run and ride a bicycle. This moderate-phenotype patient also showed improvement in her mental function, being able to converse fluently and perform simple arithmetic. Dystonia disappeared and oculogyric crisis was markedly decreased in all patients. The patients exhibited transient choreic dyskinesia for a couple of months, but no adverse events caused by vector were observed. PET with 6-[18F]fluoro-l-m-tyrosine, a specific tracer for AADC, showed a persistently increased uptake in the broad areas of the putamen. In our study, older patients (>8 years of age) also showed improvement, although treatment was more effective in younger patients. The genetic background of our patients was heterogeneous, and some patients suspected of having remnant enzyme activity showed better improvement than the Taiwanese patients. In addition to the alleviation of motor symptoms, the cognitive and verbal functions were improved in a patient with the moderate phenotype. The restoration of dopamine synthesis in the putamen via gene transfer provides transformative medical benefit across all patient ages, genotypes, and disease severities included in this study, with the most pronounced improvements noted in moderate patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Kojima
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakajima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Taga
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Anesthesiology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Akihiko Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Ayumi Matsumoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ikeda
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Nakamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Kubota
- Department of Pediatrics, Anjo Kosei Hospital, Anjo, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mizukami
- Division of Genetic Therapeutics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Sayaka Ono
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Onuki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Muramatsu
- Division of Genetic Therapeutics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.,Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Yamagata
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Miyauchi A, Kouga T, Jimbo EF, Matsuhashi T, Abe T, Yamagata T, Osaka H. Apomorphine rescues reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis of fibroblasts with mitochondrial disease. Mitochondrion 2019; 49:111-120. [PMID: 31356884 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial disease is a genetic disorder in which individuals suffer from energy insufficiency. The various clinical phenotypes of mitochondrial disease include Leigh syndrome (LS), myopathy encephalopathy lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). Thus far, no curative treatment is available, and effective treatment options are eagerly awaited. We examined the cell protective effect of an existing commercially available chemical library on fibroblasts from four patients with LS and MELAS and identified apomorphine as a potential therapeutic drug for mitochondrial disease. We conducted a cell viability assay under oxidative stress induced by L-butionine (S, R)-sulfoximine (BSO), a glutathione synthesis inhibitor. Among the chemicals of library, 4 compounds (apomorphine, olanzapine, phenothiazine and ethopropazine) rescued cells from death induced by oxidative stress much more effectively than idebenone, which was used as a positive control. The EC50 value showed that apomorphine was the most effective compound. Apomorphine also significantly improved all of the assessed oxygen consumption rate values by the extracellular flux analyzer for fibroblasts from LS patients with complex I deficiency. In addition, the elevation of the Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15), a biomarker of mitochondrial disease, was significantly reduced by apomorphine. Among 441 apomorphine-responsive genes identified by the microarray, apomorphine induced the expression of genes that inhibit the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity and inflammatory responses, suggesting that apomorphine induced cell survival via a new potential pathway. In conclusion, apomorphine rescued fibroblasts from cell death under oxidative stress and improved the mitochondrial respiratory activity and appears to be potentially useful for treating mitochondrial disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kouga
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Eriko F Jimbo
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Matsuhashi
- Department of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Department of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan; Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Osaka H, Miyauchi A. Reply to the Letter, "Leigh syndrome with spinal cord involvement due to a hemizygous NDUFA1 mutation". Brain Dev 2019; 41:224. [PMID: 30458972 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Miyauchi A, Osaka H, Nagashima M, Kuwajima M, Monden Y, Kohda M, Kishita Y, Okazaki Y, Murayama K, Ohtake A, Yamagata T. Leigh syndrome with spinal cord involvement due to a hemizygous NDUFA1 mutation. Brain Dev 2018; 40:498-502. [PMID: 29506883 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Leigh syndrome, which is a common phenotype of pediatric mitochondrial disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. The typical neuroimaging findings of Leigh syndrome include bilateral symmetric lesions in the basal ganglia and/or the brainstem. However, there are a few reports on spinal cord involvement in patients with Leigh syndrome. In the present case, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) obtained during infancy revealed symmetric lesions in the substantia nigra of a patient with Leigh syndrome with an NDUFA1 mutation; lesions of the bilateral putamen and brainstem were subsequently observed. Additionally, our patient presented large and extended spinal cord lesions. Therefore, this case is suggesting that we should consider the occurrence of spinal cord lesions as an atypical finding in Leigh syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Japan.
| | | | - Mari Kuwajima
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | | | - Masakazu Kohda
- Division of Translational Research, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Japan; Intractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Kishita
- Division of Translational Research, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Japan; Intractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okazaki
- Division of Translational Research, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Japan; Division of Functional Genomics & Systems Medicine, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Japan; Intractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University, Japan
| | - Kei Murayama
- Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, Japan
| | - Akira Ohtake
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Suzuki C, Kiyota N, Imamura Y, Goto H, Suto H, Chayahara N, Toyoda M, Ito Y, Miya A, Miyauchi A, Otsuki N, Nibu K, Minami H. Exploratory Analysis of Prognostic and Predictive Factors of Lenvatinib for Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.12.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
15
|
Kojima K, Shirai K, Kobayashi M, Miyauchi A, Saitsu H, Matsumoto N, Osaka H, Yamagata T. A patient with early myoclonic encephalopathy (EME) with a de novo KCNQ2 mutation. Brain Dev 2018; 40:69-73. [PMID: 28687180 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 2 (KCNQ2) gene has been reported to be associated with various types of epilepsy, including benign familial neonatal seizure (BFNS), early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE), and unclassified early onset encephalopathies. We herein report a patient with early myoclonic encephalopathy (EME) caused by a KCNQ2 mutation. CASE REPORT A male infant started to exhibit erratic myoclonus several days after birth and apnea attacks lasting for seconds with desaturation. One month after birth, his myoclonuses worsened in frequency. Electroencephalogram (EEG) showed a burst and suppression pattern, and myoclonuses occurred in the burst phase with diffuse polyspikes on EEG. At five months, inter-ictal EEG revealed hypsarrhythmia, but his attacks were still only myoclonuses. ACTH treatment was effective and the myoclonus frequency markedly decreased. At one year of age, whole-exome sequencing revealed a heterozygous mutation of the KCNQ2 gene (NM_172107.2): c.601C>T; p.(Arg201Cys), which was confirmed as de novo by Sanger sequencing. This mutation lies within the extracellular portion of the S4 voltage sensor. CONCLUSION Most patients with a KCNQ2 mutation present with seizures starting in the neonatal period with varying severity, ranging from BFNS to Ohtahara syndrome. Furthermore, KCNQ2 appears to be a causative gene for EME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Kojima
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Kentaro Shirai
- Department of Pediatrics, Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Japan
| | | | | | - Hirotomo Saitsu
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu Medical University, Japan
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Izaki S, Hashimoto B, Yamaga T, Furuya M, Miyauchi A, Tanaka S, Ishizuka K, Suzuki M, Saito A, Kubota A, Tajima T, Narukawa S, Hara W, Yoshida N, Oji S, Dembo T, Fukaura H, Nomura K. Current status of MG-QOL 15-J score in Saitama prefecture 2017. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.3528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
17
|
Oji S, Narukawa S, Ishizuka K, Hashimoto B, Yamaga T, Furuya M, Miyauchi A, Tanaka S, Suzuki M, Saito A, Tajima T, Hara W, Kubota A, Izaki S, Yoshida N, Dembo T, Fukaura H, Kaida K, Nomura K. Serum potassium level and short-term prognosis in patients with anti-GM1 antibody positive Guillan-Barre syndrome - preliminary study -. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.1854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
18
|
Kubota A, Fukaura H, Tanaka S, Miyauchi A, Furuya M, Ishizuka K, Suzuki M, Saito A, Narukawa S, Hara W, Tajima T, Izaki S, Yoshida N, Ohji S, Dembo T, Nomura K. Influence of fingolimod on CD4 T cell subsets in the peripheral blood of patients with multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.1827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
19
|
Tsuchida N, Nakashima M, Miyauchi A, Yoshitomi S, Kimizu T, Ganesan V, Teik KW, Ch'ng GS, Kato M, Mizuguchi T, Takata A, Miyatake S, Miyake N, Osaka H, Yamagata T, Nakajima H, Saitsu H, Matsumoto N. Novel biallelic SZT2 mutations in 3 cases of early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. Clin Genet 2017; 93:266-274. [PMID: 28556953 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The seizure threshold 2 (SZT2) gene encodes a large, highly conserved protein that is associated with epileptogenesis. In mice, Szt2 is abundantly expressed in the central nervous system. Recently, biallelic SZT2 mutations were found in 7 patients (from 5 families) presenting with epileptic encephalopathy with dysmorphic features and/or non-syndromic intellectual disabilities. In this study, we identified by whole-exome sequencing compound heterozygous SZT2 mutations in 3 patients with early-onset epileptic encephalopathies. Six novel SZT2 mutations were found, including 3 truncating, 1 splice site and 2 missense mutations. The splice-site mutation resulted in skipping of exon 20 and was associated with a premature stop codon. All individuals presented with seizures, severe developmental delay and intellectual disabilities with high variability. Brain MRIs revealed a characteristic thick and short corpus callosum or a persistent cavum septum pellucidum in each of the 2 cases. Interestingly, in the third case, born to consanguineous parents, had unexpected compound heterozygous missense mutations. She showed microcephaly despite the other case and previous ones presenting with macrocephaly, suggesting that SZT2 mutations might affect head size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Tsuchida
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - M Nakashima
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - A Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - S Yoshitomi
- Department of Pediatrics, Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorders, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - T Kimizu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorders, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - V Ganesan
- Department of Pediatrics, Penang Hospital, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - K W Teik
- Genetic Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - G-S Ch'ng
- Genetic Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Mizuguchi
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - A Takata
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - S Miyatake
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.,Clinical Genetics Department, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - N Miyake
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - H Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - T Yamagata
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - H Nakajima
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - H Saitsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - N Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sakamoto S, Monden Y, Fukai R, Miyake N, Saito H, Miyauchi A, Matsumoto A, Nagashima M, Osaka H, Matsumoto N, Yamagata T. A case of severe movement disorder with GNAO1 mutation responsive to topiramate. Brain Dev 2017; 39:439-443. [PMID: 27916449 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a 19-year-old female patient who had progressive chorea associated with a GNAO1 mutation. Chorea was refractory to multiple anticonvulsants, and the patient suffered from tiapride-induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome. After identification of a GNAO1 missense mutation at the age of 18years, topiramate treatment was initiated and the frequency of chorea decreased dramatically. The efficacy of topiramate may have been related to the inhibitory modulation of voltage-activated Ca2+ channels. Given the side effects and complications associated with neuroleptics and deep brain stimulation, respectively, topiramate is recommended for the first-line management of severe chorea associated with a GNAO1 mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saori Sakamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yukifumi Monden
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, International University of Health and Welfare, 537-3 Iguchi, Shiobara, Tochigi 329-2763, Japan.
| | - Ryoko Fukai
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Noriko Miyake
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Saito
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Akihiko Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ayumi Matsumoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masako Nagashima
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ito Y, Miyauchi A, Oda H. Low-risk papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid: A review of active surveillance trials. Eur J Surg Oncol 2017; 44:307-315. [PMID: 28343733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillary microcarcinoma (PMC) of the thyroid is defined as papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) measuring ≤1 cm. Many autopsy studies on subjects who died of non-thyroidal diseases reported latent small thyroid carcinoma in up to 5.2% of the subjects. A mass screening study for thyroid cancer in Japanese adult women detected small thyroid cancer in 3.5% of the examinees. This incidence was close to the incidence of latent thyroid cancer and more than 1000 times the prevalence of clinical thyroid cancer in Japanese women reported at that time. The question of whether it was correct to treat such PMCs surgically then arose. In 1993, according to Dr. Miyauchi's proposal, Kuma Hospital initiated an active surveillance trial for low-risk PMC as defined in the text. In 1995, Cancer Institute Hospital in Tokyo, Japan, started a similar observation trial. The accumulated data from the trials at these two institutions strongly suggest that active surveillance (i.e., observation without immediate surgery) can be the first-line management for low-risk PMC. Although our data showed that young age and pregnancy might be risk factors of disease progression, we think that these patients can also be candidates for active surveillance, because all of the patients who showed progression signs were treated successfully with a rescue surgery, and none of them died of PTC. In this review, we summarize the data regarding the active surveillance of low-risk PMC as support for physicians and institutions that are considering adopting this strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Ito
- Department of Surgery, Kuma Hospital, Kobe 650-0011, Japan
| | - A Miyauchi
- Department of Surgery, Kuma Hospital, Kobe 650-0011, Japan.
| | - H Oda
- Department of Surgery, Kuma Hospital, Kobe 650-0011, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Higuchi M, Hirokawa M, Suzuki A, Takada N, Yamao N, Kuma S, Miyauchi A. Cytological features of solid variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma: a fine needle aspiration cytology study of 18 cases. Cytopathology 2016; 28:268-272. [PMID: 27862483 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Solid variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (SV-PTC) are rare, and there have been few reports describing the cytological findings of such variants. METHODS The cytological features of cellular specimens aspirated from 18 histologically confirmed SV-PTC cases were evaluated, retrospectively. RESULTS Solid and small papillary clusters were observed in 14 (77.8%) and 13 (72.2%) cases, respectively. The incidences of large papillary clusters (11.1%) and sheet-like arrangements (11.1%) were low. Nuclear features were consistent with conventional PTC. The background was clean, and there were no colloid materials, foamy histiocytes, multinucleated giant cells, psammoma bodies, or necrotic materials. CONCLUSIONS Solid clusters and small papillary clusters in conjunction with a clean background are diagnostic clues that indicate SV-PTC cytologically. It is thought that small papillary clusters reflect the micropapillary growth pattern seen within the lumen of middle-sized follicular structures. The presence of nuclear findings typical of conventional PTC and the absence of mitotic figures and necrotic materials are important for distinguishing SV-PTC from poorly differentiated carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Higuchi
- Department of Laboratory Science, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - M Hirokawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Suzuki
- Department of Laboratory Science, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - N Takada
- Department of Laboratory Science, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - N Yamao
- Department of Laboratory Science, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - S Kuma
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Miyauchi
- Department of Surgery, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kojima K, Anzai R, Ohba C, Goto T, Miyauchi A, Thöny B, Saitsu H, Matsumoto N, Osaka H, Yamagata T. A female case of aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency responsive to MAO-B inhibition. Brain Dev 2016; 38:959-963. [PMID: 27371992 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder, caused by defects in the DDC gene. AADC catalyzes the synthesis of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin from l-dopa and 5-HT respectively. Most patients are bed ridden for life, with little response to treatment. We now report one female patient who improved her motor and cognitive function after being prescribed a MAO-B inhibitor. CASE A five years old female presented with the typical clinical features of AADC deficiency. She was floppy, with no head control, had intermittent limb dystonia, and an upward deviation of the eyes (oculogyric crisis). This patient possessed compound heterozygous mutations in DDC (p.Trp105Cys, p.Pro129Ser), with a CSF draw indicating abnormal patterns of biogenic amine metabolites, compatible with AADC deficiency. RESULTS After her diagnosis at 3years of age, medication with levodopa and vitamin B6 failed to show any efficacy. Subsequent administration with a MAO-B inhibitor improved her psychomotor functions to the extent that at 5years of age she could walk several meters with support. CONCLUSION Our analyses of chemical findings, together with in silico structure predictions, lead us to hypothesize that this patient retained some AADC activity. In these cases, accurate diagnosis and early treatment should improve patient outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Kojima
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Rie Anzai
- Department of Neurology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Japan
| | - Chihiro Ohba
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tomohide Goto
- Department of Neurology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Japan
| | | | - Beat Thöny
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hirotomo Saitsu
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu Medical University, Japan
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wada S, Kumagai H, Yokoyama K, Ito T, Miyauchi A, Sakamoto S, Imagawa T, Tulyeu J, Tanaka M, Yamagata T. Mesalazine allergy in a boy with ulcerative colitis: clinical usefulness of mucosal biopsy criteria. Clin J Gastroenterol 2016; 9:302-5. [PMID: 27503129 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-016-0675-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
5-Aminosalicylic acid preparations have been used as first-line drugs for treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, some patients with UC present with exacerbation of symptoms because of allergy to mesalazine. Diagnosis of mesalazine allergy in active UC may be challenging because its symptoms mimic those of UC. Here we describe a 13-year-old boy with mesalazine allergy who achieved remission when his medication was changed from mesalazine to salazosulfapyridine. During his clinical course mesalazine was prescribed twice, and on each occasion exacerbation of the symptoms occurred. We considered a diagnosis of mesalazine allergy, and this was confirmed by a drug lymphocyte stimulation test; the result for salazosulfapyridine was negative. On the basis of criteria involving simple mucosal biopsy combined with endoscopy for predicting patients with UC who would ultimately require surgery, we considered that the UC in this case might be susceptible to steroid treatment, and we therefore treated the patient with salazosulfapyridine and prednisolone. Shortly afterwards, remission was achieved and the patient has remained in good condition on salazosulfapyridine alone. When treating patients with mesalazine, the possibility of allergy should always be borne in mind, especially when the clinical course is inconsistent with the results of biopsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoya Wada
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hideki Kumagai
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Koji Yokoyama
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Takane Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Akihiko Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Saori Sakamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Imagawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Janyerkye Tulyeu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Masanori Tanaka
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hirosaki City Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Takanori Yamagata
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Suzuki A, Hirokawa M, Takada N, Masuoka H, Miyauchi A. Thyroid follicular adenoma with numerous intracytoplasmic lumina mimicking yellow bodies: a case report. Cytopathology 2016; 27:495-498. [PMID: 27146719 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Suzuki
- Department of Laboratory, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - M Hirokawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - N Takada
- Department of Laboratory, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - H Masuoka
- Department of Surgery, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Miyauchi
- Department of Surgery, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Miyauchi A, Monden Y, Osaka H, Takahashi Y, Yamagata T. A case of anti-NMDAR encephalitis presented hypotensive shock during plasma exchange. Brain Dev 2016; 38:427-30. [PMID: 26524986 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We are reporting on a case of pediatric anti-NMDAR encephalitis with autonomic instability. The patient showed little response to first-line treatment of steroid and IVIG. We initiated plasma exchange, also a first-line treatment. This worsened his autonomic instability, resulting in hypotensive shock. He responded well to rituximab and cyclophosphamide, second-line therapies. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is often accompanied by autonomic instability. Our and other reported cases, raise the question of plasma exchange as a first-line therapy for pediatric NMDAR encephalitis, which is frequently accompanied by autonomic instability. Plasma exchange should be performed cautiously in such patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Yukitoshi Takahashi
- National Epilepsy Center, Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorders, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yasuoka H, Tsujimoto M, Hirokawa M, Tori M, Nakahara M, Miyauchi A, Kodama R, Sanke T, Nakamura Y. Podocalyxin expression in undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas. J Clin Pathol 2015; 61:1228-9. [PMID: 18955579 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2008.059956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
28
|
Mizuno M, Matsumoto A, Hamada N, Ito H, Miyauchi A, Jimbo EF, Momoi MY, Tabata H, Yamagata T, Nagata KI. Role of an adaptor protein Lin-7B in brain development: possible involvement in autism spectrum disorders. J Neurochem 2014; 132:61-9. [PMID: 25196215 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Using comparative genomic hybridization analysis for an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patient, a 73-Kb duplication at 19q13.33 (nt. 49 562 755-49 635 956) including LIN7B and 5 other genes was detected. We then identified a novel frameshift mutation in LIN7B in another ASD patient. Since LIN7B encodes a scaffold protein essential for neuronal function, we analyzed the role of Lin-7B in the development of cerebral cortex. Acute knockdown of Lin-7B with in utero electroporation caused a delay in neuronal migration during corticogenesis. When Lin-7B was knocked down in cortical neurons in one hemisphere, their axons failed to extend efficiently into the contralateral hemisphere after leaving the corpus callosum. Meanwhile, enhanced expression of Lin-7B had no effects on both cortical neuron migration and axon growth. Notably, silencing of Lin-7B did not affect the proliferation of neuronal progenitors and stem cells. Taken together, Lin-7B was found to play a pivotal role in corticogenesis through the regulation of excitatory neuron migration and interhemispheric axon growth, while further analyses are required to directly link functional defects of Lin-7B to ASD pathophysiology. Lin-7 plays a pivotal role as a scaffold protein in synaptic development and plasticity. Based on genetic analyses we identified mutations in LIN-7B gene in some ASD (autism-spectrum disorder) patients. Functional defects in Lin-7B caused abnormal neuronal migration and interhemispheric axon growth during mouse brain development. Thus, functional deficiency in Lin-7B could be implicated in clinical phenotypes in some ASD patients through bringing about abnormal cortical architecture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Mizuno
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Human Service Center, Kasugai, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Miyauchi A, Monden Y, Watanabe M, Sugie H, Morita M, Kezuka T, Momoi M, Yamagata T. Persistent presence of the anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein autoantibody in a pediatric case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis followed by optic neuritis. Neuropediatrics 2014; 45:196-9. [PMID: 24610298 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1371179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a 5-year-old Japanese girl who initially had acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and was positive for the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies and developed unilateral optic neuritis (ON) 71 days after ADEM onset. The patient's serum was positive for the anti-MOG antibodies from the onset of ADEM to the development of ON. This phenotype has been reported in only two previous articles, and the specific mechanism of action of the anti-MOG antibodies is not yet understood. Our case suggests that the anti-MOG antibody can be associated with the pathogenesis of ADEM followed by ON. Thus, patients with ADEM who test positive for the anti-MOG antibody may be at risk of developing subsequent ON.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yukifumi Monden
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Meri Watanabe
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hideo Sugie
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Mitsuya Morita
- Department of Neurology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kezuka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjyuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Momoi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takanori Yamagata
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yamada Y, Miyauchi A, Takagi Y, Tanaka M, Mizuno M, Harada A. Association of the C–509→T polymorphism, alone or in combination with the T869→C polymorphism, of the transforming growth factor-β1 gene with bone mineral density and genetic susceptibility to osteoporosis in Japanese women. J Mol Med (Berl) 2014; 79:149-56. [PMID: 11357939 DOI: 10.1007/s001090100190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta1 is an important local regulator of bone metabolism, acting downstream of estrogen and cooperatively with vitamin D. The possible association of a C 509-->T polymorphism in the promoter region of the transforming growth factor-beta1 gene, alone or in combination with a T869-->C (Leu10-->Pro) polymorphism, with bone mineral density and genetic susceptibility to osteoporosis was investigated in 625 postmenopausal Japanese women. The frequencies of the CC, CT, and TT genotypes of the C-509-->T polymorphism in the study population were 24%, 49%, and 27%, respectively. A significant association of C-509-->T genotype with bone mineral density was detected: lumbar spine (L2-L4) and total body bone mineral density values were 7% and 5% lower, respectively, in individuals with the TT genotype than in those with the CT or CC genotype. The serum concentration of transforming growth factor-beta1 did not vary with C-509-->T genotype. Multivariable logistic regression analysis, with adjustment for age, height, body weight, time since menopause, smoking status, body fat mass, and lean mass, revealed a significantly higher frequency of the TT genotype of the C-509-->T polymorphism in 286 individuals with osteoporosis than in 170 normal controls. Analysis of combined C-509-->T and T869-->C genotypes showed that L2-L4 bone mineral density decreases and the prevalence of osteoporosis increases with the number of T alleles. These results suggest that the C-509-->T polymorphism, alone or in combination with the T869-->C polymorphism, of the transforming growth factor-beta1 gene is a genetic determinant of bone mass, and that the number of T alleles in the combined genotype is a risk factor for the genetic susceptibility to osteoporosis in postmenopausal Japanese women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Yamada
- Department of Gene Therapy, Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Mitake, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Takagi N, Hirokawa M, Nobuoka Y, Higuchi M, Kuma S, Miyauchi A. Diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma: a study of fine needle aspiration cytology in 20 patients. Cytopathology 2013; 25:199-204. [PMID: 23781895 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (DSV-PTC) is a rare variant and reports describing the cytological findings are few. PATIENTS AND METHODS We studied 24 cytological samples from thyroid fine needle aspirates of 20 patients with DSV-PTC. The specimens were taken from 14 non-nodular lesions and 10 nodules. RESULTS All aspirates taken from both non-nodular lesions and nodules had sufficient cellularity. The carcinoma cells frequently (70-100%) appeared as solid cell balls and hollow balls, and showed a hobnail pattern, squamous differentiation, septate cytoplasmic vacuoles and large unilocular vacuoles. Most of the carcinoma cells seem to be taken from the lumen of dilated lymph vessels. Ground glass nuclear chromatin, intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions and grooved nuclei were infrequent (50% or less). In the background, a large number of lymphocytes and abundant psammoma bodies were almost always seen. CONCLUSIONS Cytological findings of DSV-PTC are as follows: (1) solid cell balls and/or hollow balls containing lymphocytes; (2) hobnail cells; (3) septate cytoplasmic vacuoles; (4) large unilocular vacuoles; (5) squamous differentiation; (6) abundant psammoma bodies; (7) lymphocytic background; and (8) the absence or relative lack of characteristic nuclear features of papillary carcinoma. When DSV-PTC is suspected by ultrasound examination, the aspiration cytology from a non-nodular area of the thyroid can led us to the diagnosis of the variant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Takagi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kim-Kaneyama JR, Miyauchi A, Lei XF, Arita S, Mino T, Takeda N, Kou K, Eto K, Yoshida T, Miyazaki T, Shioda S, Miyazaki A. Identification of Hic-5 as a novel regulatory factor for integrin αIIbβ3 activation and platelet aggregation in mice. J Thromb Haemost 2012; 10:1867-74. [PMID: 22812543 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2012.04856.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Integrin αIIbβ3 plays key roles in platelet aggregation and subsequent thrombus formation. Hydrogen peroxide-inducible clone-5 (Hic-5), a member of the paxillin family, serves as a focal adhesion adaptor protein associated with αIIbβ3 at its cytoplasmic strand. OBJECTIVES Hic-5 function in αIIbβ3 activation and subsequent platelet aggregation remains unknown. To address this question, platelets from Hic-5(-/-) mice were analyzed. METHODS AND RESULTS Hic-5(-/-) mice displayed a significant hemostatic defect and resistance to thromboembolism, which were explained in part by weaker thrombin-induced aggregation in Hic-5(-/-) platelets. Mechanistically, Hic-5(-/-) platelets showed limited activation of αIIbβ3 upon thrombin treatment. Morphological alteration in Hic-5(-/-) platelets after thrombin stimulation on fibrinogen plates was also limited. As a direct consequence, the quantity of actin co-immunoprecipitating with the activated αIIbβ3 was smaller in Hic-5(-/-) platelets than in wild-type platelets. CONCLUSION We identified Hic-5 as a novel and specific regulatory factor for thrombin-induced αIIbβ3 activation and subsequent platelet aggregation in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J R Kim-Kaneyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo Department of Clinical Toxicology, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nishihara E, Chen CR, Mizutori-Sasai Y, Ito M, Kubota S, Amino N, Miyauchi A, Rapoport B. Deletion of thyrotropin receptor residue Asp403 in a hyperfunctioning thyroid nodule provides insight into the role of the ectodomain in ligand-induced receptor activation. J Endocrinol Invest 2012; 35:49-53. [PMID: 21597314 DOI: 10.3275/7738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Somatic mutations of the TSH receptor (TSHR) gene are the main cause of autonomously functioning thyroid nodules. Except for mutations in ectodomain residue S281, all of the numerous reported activating mutations are in the TSHR membrane-spanning region. Here, we describe a patient with a toxic adenoma with a novel heterozygous somatic mutation caused by deletion of ectodomain residue Asp403 (Del-D403). Subsequent in vitro functional studies of the Del-D403 TSHR mutation demonstrated greatly increased ligand-independent constitutive activity, 8-fold above that of the wild-type TSHR. TSH stimulation had little further effect, indicating that the mutation produced near maximal activation of the receptor. In summary, we report only the second TSHR ectodomain activating mutation (and the first ectodomain deletion mutation) responsible for development of a thyroid toxic adenoma. Because Del-D403 causes near maximal activation, our finding provides novel insight into TSHR structure and function; residue D403 is more likely to be involved in the ligand-mediated activating pathway than in the ectodomain inverse agonist property.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Nishihara
- Center for Excellence in Thyroid Care, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Matsuse M, Takahashi M, Mitsutake N, Nishihara E, Hirokawa M, Kawaguchi T, Rogounovitch T, Saenko V, Bychkov A, Suzuki K, Matsuo K, Tajima K, Miyauchi A, Yamada R, Matsuda F, Yamashita S. The FOXE1 and NKX2-1 loci are associated with susceptibility to papillary thyroid carcinoma in the Japanese population. J Med Genet 2011; 48:645-8. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2011-100063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
35
|
|
36
|
Nishihara E, Amino N, Ohye H, Ota H, Ito M, Kubota S, Fukata S, Miyauchi A. Extent of hypoechogenic area in the thyroid is related with thyroid dysfunction after subacute thyroiditis. J Endocrinol Invest 2009; 32:33-6. [PMID: 19337012 DOI: 10.1007/bf03345675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To gain an insight into risk factors for hypothyroidism after subacute thyroiditis (SAT), we examined the correlation between initial laboratory and ultrasonographic findings and sequential thyroid dysfunction among treatment modalities. PATIENTS We reviewed retrospectively the medical records of 252 patients (26 men and 226 women) with SAT who consecutively visited our thyroid clinic at Kuma Hospital for at least 6 months from 1996 through 2004. RESULTS Throughout the course, 135 patients (53.6%) developed transient or permanent hypothyroidism. Levels of TSH were most often elevated (greater than 5 IU/ml) 2 months after SAT onset regardless of treatment, and 97.0% of patients who showed transient or permanent hypothyroidism clustered within 6 months from onset. During follow-up, patients treated with prednisone (PSL) were more likely to have normal thyroid function than patients not treated or those receiving anti-inflammatory drug therapy. In patients who developed hypothyroidism with PSL treatment or without treatment, the rates of bilateral hypoechogenic areas (HEA) were 6-fold higher than those of unilateral HEA. Moreover, permanent hypothyroidism occurred in 5.9% of patients, and all patients with permanent hypothyroidism presented initially with bilateral HEA and had consequently small thyroid size with or without abnormal autoimmunity. CONCLUSIONS The rates of thyroid dysfunction after SAT were significantly lower in patients receiving PSL. Extent of HEA in the thyroid, but not laboratory findings, may be a possible marker for developing thyroid dysfunction after SAT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Nishihara
- Kuma Hospital, Center for Excellence in Thyroid Care, Kobe, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Fujita T, Oue M, Fujii Y, Miyauchi A, Takagi Y. Analgesic and Chondroprotective Effects of Risedronate in Osteoarthritis Assessed by Electroalgometry and Measurement of Collagen Type II Fragments in Urine. J Int Med Res 2008; 36:932-41. [DOI: 10.1177/147323000803600509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of the bisphosphonate, risedronate, on pain and cartilage metabolism in 33 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee, randomized into two groups. Group RC was treated with risedronate (2.5 mg/day) and calcium (900 mg/day); group C received calcium (900 mg/day) alone. Pain on exercise was estimated using a subjective visual rating scale (VRS) and an electroalgometric method of measuring decrease in skin impedance, previously shown to be indicative of pain. We measured urinary excretion of cartilage-specific collagen type II fragments as a marker of cartilage degradation. Multiple regression analysis revealed that pain alleviation as measured by skin impedance, but not VRS, was associated with a decrease in collagen fragment excretion. This suggests that, for pain evaluation, reduction in skin impedance may have a greater physiological basis compared with VRS-based evaluation. We consider that the chondroprotective and analgesic effects of risedronate may be related.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Fujita
- Katsuragi Hospital, Kishiwada, Osaka, Japan
- Calcium Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Oue
- Katsuragi Hospital, Kishiwada, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- Calcium Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - A Miyauchi
- Calcium Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Takagi
- Hyogo Chuo Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sakagami T, Miyauchi A, Hase T, Fuchizaki K. Equation of state for the low-pressure crystalline phase of tin tetraiodide. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308080240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
39
|
Maeda I, Yamada H, Takano T, Nishihara E, Ito Y, Matsuzuka F, Miya A, Kobayashi K, Yoshida H, Miyauchi A, Hidaka Y. Increased expression levels of tensin3 mRNA in thyroid functional adenomas as compared to non-functioning adenomas. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2008; 117:191-3. [PMID: 18561090 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1078742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Tensin3 is a member of tensin family which is localized in focal adhesion. In our previous study, a high level of tensin3 mRNA expression was observed in the thyroid but not in other tissues, thus, tensin3 gene was regarded as a novel thyroid-specific gene. The high expression level of tensin3 mRNA in normal thyroid tissue suggests some fundamental roles in thyroid functions. In fact, the expression level of tensin3 mRNA was low in most thyroid carcinomas and non-functioning thyroid follicular adenomas which do not produce thyroid hormone. In the present study, we measured the expression levels of tensin3 mRNA in twelve functional adenomas and compared the results with those in normal thyroid tissues, adenomatous goiters and non-functioning thyroid follicular adenomas. Tensin3 mRNA was expressed abundantly in all twelve functional adenomas at almost the same level as in normal thyroid tissues and adenomatous goiters, while its expression was significantly lower in non-functioning follicular adenomas. Considering these facts, an abundant expression of tensin3 mRNA is observed in tissues that produce thyroid hormone, which suggests some fundamental roles in basic thyroid functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Maeda
- Central Laboratory for Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Hospital, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
Frequency of a BRAFV600E mutation in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, which is thought to be derived mainly from papillary carcinoma by multi-step carcinogenesis, is much lower than that in papillary carcinomas. To clarify this phenomenon, we analysed BRAFV600E mutation in 20 cases of anaplastic carcinoma and 13 accompanying differentiated carcinomas. Among twenty cases of anaplastic carcinomas, nine and four accompanied papillary and follicular carcinomas, respectively. BRAFV600E mutation was found in four (20%) cases. BRAFV600E mutation was found in three of nine (33.3%), none of four and one of seven (14.3%) anaplastic carcinomas with papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma and without differentiated components, respectively. All three papillary carcinomas accompanied by anaplastic carcinoma with a BRAFV600E mutation were also shown to have a BRAFV600E mutation. In summary, BRAFV600E mutation was occasionally observed in anaplastic carcinomas with papillary carcinoma, and the low frequency of BRAFV600E mutation in anaplastic carcinoma was thought to be due to the low frequency of anaplastic carcinomas with papillary carcinoma. These findings raise a question about the classical model of anaplastic transformation and suggest some roles of thyroid cancer stem cells in the generation of anaplastic carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Takano
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, D2, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zuo H, Tang W, Yasuoka H, Nakamura Y, Ito Y, Miyauchi A, Kakudo K. A review of 227 cases of small papillary thyroid carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2007; 33:370-5. [PMID: 17071044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2006.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2006] [Accepted: 09/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To review differences in biological aggressiveness, clinical behaviors or selected surgical treatments between the PMC and the slightly larger PTC of 1.0<T<or=2.0 cm. METHODS Two hundred and twenty-seven cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma not larger than 2.0 cm, diagnosed and treated at the Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan, with a 10-year follow-up from 1992 to 2003, were reviewed. RESULTS The small PTCs demonstrated excellent outcomes, and persistent/recurrent disease was identified in only nine patients (4%). None of the patients died of the disease. A multivariate analysis revealed that massive extrathyroidal extension at presentation was the only independent prognostic factor for locoregional recurrence. Subdivision into PMCs and slightly larger tumors (1<T<or=2 cm) did not affect the excellent outcomes, but the patients in the latter subgroup received more lymph node surgery and displayed more aggressive clinico-histological features such as higher rates of extrathyroidal extension, lymph node metastasis, loss of polarity, invasive growth pattern and loss of cohesiveness. CONCLUSIONS Small PTC not larger than 2.0 cm could be considered as favorable a prognosis as PMC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Zuo
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University, Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kubota S, Kawaki H, Kondo S, Yosimichi G, Minato M, Nishida T, Hanagata H, Miyauchi A, Takigawa M. Multiple activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases by purified independent CCN2 modules in vascular endothelial cells and chondrocytes in culture. Biochimie 2006; 88:1973-81. [PMID: 16938382 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2006.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2006] [Accepted: 07/06/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
CCN2 consists of 4 distinct modules that are conserved among various CCN family protein members. From the N-terminus, insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP), von Willebrand factor type C repeat (VWC), thrombospondin type 1 repeat (TSP1) and C-terminal cysteine-knot (CT) modules are all aligned tandem therein. The multiple functionality of CCN2 is thought to be enabled by the differential use of these modules when interacting with other molecules. In this study, we independently prepared all 4 purified module proteins of human CCN2, utilizing a secretory production system with Brevibacillus choshinensis and thus evaluated the cell biological effects of such single modules. In human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs), VWC, TSP and CT modules, as well as a full-length CCN2, were capable of efficiently activating the ERK signal transduction cascade, whereas IGFBP was not. In contrast, the IGFBP module was found to prominently activate JNK in human chondrocytic HCS-2/8 cells, while the others showed similar effects at lower levels. In addition, ERK1/2 was modestly, but significantly activated by IGFBP and VWC in those cells. No single module, but a mixture of the 4 modules provoked a significant activation of p38 MAPK in HCS-2/8 cells, which was activated by the full-length CCN2. Therefore, the signals emitted by CCN2 can be highly differential, depending upon the cell types, which are thus enabled by the tetramodular structure. Furthermore, the cell biological effects of each module on these cells were also evaluated to clarify the relationship among the modules, the signaling pathways and biological outcomes. Our present results not only demonstrate that single CCN2 modules were potent activators of the intracellular signaling cascade to yield a biological response per se, while also providing new insight into the module-wise structural and functional relationship of a prototypic CCN family member, CCN2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Kubota
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is an extremely rare cause of thyrotoxicosis in pregnant women. Untreated, thyrotoxicosis may result in complications, such as prematurity and congenital malformations in the fetus. We report two cases of first trimester subacute thyroiditis, one mild and one severe. The severe case, as demonstrated by laboratory and ultrasound findings, was successfully treated with prednisolone. In this case, it was thought that the benefits of pharmacological therapy outweighed the risk of potential teratogenesis by the medication. In contrast, the milder case was managed conservatively and resolved without treatment. These cases illustrate how laboratory and ultrasound findings can be used to determine whether treatment should be initiated and, once begun, if medication levels need to be adjusted. In both cases, the pregnancies resulted in healthy full-term infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Hiraiwa
- First Department of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki city, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hiraiwa T, Ito M, Imagawa A, Takamatsu J, Kuma K, Miyauchi A, Hanafusa T. Restriction of dietary Iodine does not ameliorate the early effect of anti-thyroid drug therapy for Graves' disease in an area of excessive iodine intake. J Endocrinol Invest 2006; 29:380-4. [PMID: 16699308 DOI: 10.1007/bf03344113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The close relationship between iodine intake and the effects of anti-thyroid drugs (ATD) for Graves' disease (GD) has been well established. However, it remains unknown whether restriction of dietary iodine improves the effect of ATD. This study aimed to clarify this issue in Japanese patients with GD who routinely ingest large amounts of dietary iodine. We performed a prospective clinical study in 81 patients with newly diagnosed GD who were divided into an iodine restricted group and a control group. Urinary iodine, thyroid hormones and TSH receptor antibody were measured during the first 8 weeks of ATD therapy. Urinary iodine concentrations in the iodine restricted group were significantly lower than in the control group (p=0.043). However, there were no significant differences in the decrease of thyroid hormones and TSH receptor antibody between the two groups. Restriction of dietary iodine does not ameliorate the effect of ATD therapy for GD in an area of excessive iodine intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Hiraiwa
- First Department of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki city, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ito Y, Yoshida H, Tomoda C, Uruno T, Miya A, Kobayashi K, Matsuzuka F, Kakudo K, Kuma K, Miyauchi A. Expression of S100A2 and S100A6 in thyroid carcinomas. Histopathology 2005; 46:569-75. [PMID: 15842639 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2005.02137.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS S100 calcium-binding proteins are known to play multiple roles in carcinoma development. In this study, we focused on two kinds of these proteins, S100A2 and S100A6, and investigated their expression in thyroid neoplasms. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated S100A2 and S100A6 expression in 141 thyroid neoplasms by immunohistochemistry. S100A2 was not expressed in normal follicles or follicular tumours, with one exception. Although 89.5% of papillary carcinoma were positive for S100A2, the expression was heterogeneous except in two cases. In anaplastic carcinoma, 78.5% of cases expressed S100A2 diffusely, while the remaining cases were negative. In normal follicles, S100A6 expression was always low, while 8.3% of follicular adenomas and 39.5% of follicular carcinomas showed increased expression. In papillary carcinomas, S100A6 expression was increased in 75% of cases, but in anaplastic carcinomas it was decreased, with only 14.3% showing high expression. CONCLUSIONS The expression patterns of S100A2 and S100A6 in thyroid neoplasms are unique compared with those of other carcinomas, suggesting that: (i) S100A2 and S100A6 contribute to certain events in papillary carcinoma progression, and (ii) S100A2 expression is one of the biological characteristics of anaplastic carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Ito
- Kuma Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ito Y, Yoshida H, Uruno T, Nakano K, Takamura Y, Miya A, Kobayashi K, Yokozawa T, Matsuzuka F, Kuma K, Miyauchi A. Tie-1 tyrosine kinase expression in human thyroid neoplasms. Histopathology 2004; 44:318-22. [PMID: 15049896 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2003.01805.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate tie-1 expression in human thyroid neoplasms. Recent studies have demonstrated that receptor-type tyrosine kinases (RTKs) contribute to carcinoma progression. Tie-1 is one of the RTKs and plays a role in angiogenesis, although its pathophysiological significance in human carcinoma is still to be elucidated. METHODS AND RESULTS Immunohistochemical expression of tie-1 was studied in various thyroid neoplasms. Tie-1 immunoreactivity was only occasionally observed in normal follicular cells. In papillary carcinoma, tie-1 was classified as positive in carcinoma cells in 55.7% of the cases and was more frequently expressed in those of smaller size with an absence of a poorly differentiated lesion. In contrast, tie-1 was positive in only 8.3% of anaplastic carcinoma and no cases of follicular carcinoma or adenoma were positive. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that tie-1 has a role in thyroid tumorigenesis, especially in the early phase of papillary carcinoma, but it is not important in the progression of anaplastic carcinoma or follicular tumour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Ito
- Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kakudo K, Tang W, Ito Y, Mori I, Nakamura Y, Miyauchi A. Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid in Japan: subclassification of common type and identification of low risk group. J Clin Pathol 2004; 57:1041-6. [PMID: 15452157 PMCID: PMC1770442 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2004.017889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is classified into two subgroups-common type and other histological variants. Correlations between further subgrouping of the common type and patient prognosis are not well documented. AIMS To introduce two novel histological parameters to characterise PTC-loss of cellular polarity and loss of cellular cohesiveness. To investigate a new subgroup of common type PTC with possible prognostic value. METHODS In total, 213 patients with PTCs larger than 1 cm were studied. Histological characteristics of these PTCs, including tumour growth pattern, encapsulation, extrathyroidal invasion, loss of cellular polarity, and loss of cellular cohesiveness were examined and correlated with disease free survival (DFS). RESULTS Multivariate analysis revealed that invasive growth of unencapsulated PTC, in addition to sex (male) and tumour size (>4 cm) were significant and independent parameters for poor DFS, whereas loss of cellular polarity and cohesiveness, old age (>60 years), extrathyroid invasion, and completeness of surgery were significant only in univariate analysis. PTCs that showed expansive growth and retained cellular polarity had a favourable course, with no recurrence and no cancer related deaths. In contrast, PTCs exhibiting loss of cellular polarity and/or invasive growth with no tumour capsule had a higher risk of recurrence. CONCLUSION Cytological features alone cannot predict patient outcome in PTC. This study indicates for the first time that loss of cellular polarity and the tumour growth pattern are useful parameters for identifying the so called low risk group in common type PTC and in predicting patient outcome in terms of tumour recurrence and cancer related death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Kakudo
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
To investigate the roles of soluble CD4 (sCD4) and CD8 (sCD8) in the severity of autoimmune thyroid diseases, we examined serum concentrations of sCD4 and sCD8 in various degrees of severity of Hashimoto's disease (HD) and Graves' disease (GD) by enzyme immunoassay. The serum concentration of sCD8 was lower in euthyroid patients with HD undergoing treatment for hypothyroidism (severe HD) than in untreated, euthyroid patients with HD (mild HD), but the sCD4 concentration did not differ between patients with severe and mild HD. The serum sCD8 concentration was negatively correlated with the proportion of CD25(+) cells in CD8(+) cells in patients with severe HD. Serum sCD4 and sCD8 concentrations did not differ between euthyroid patients with GD in remission and those with intractable GD. These results indicate that serum sCD8 is involved in the severity of HD, possibly by down-regulating the function of cytotoxic T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Yamamoto
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Course of Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
To clarify immunological differences among patients with Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's disease (HD) at various levels of severity, we examined the expression of the CD154 molecules on peripheral T cells, which regulate B cell activation, B cell differentiation, and T-cell survival. We found decreases in the intensities of CD154 on peripheral CD4(+) cells from euthyroid patients with GD and HD, but we did not find any differences between patients with different disease severities. CD8(+) cells did not express CD154 molecules. Thus, CD154 expression on CD4(+) cells may be related to the pathogenesis of the autoimmune thyroid diseases, not to the disease severity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Watanabe
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Takano T, Miyauchi A, Yoshida H, Kuma K, Amino N. High-throughput differential screening of mRNAs by serial analysis of gene expression: decreased expression of trefoil factor 3 mRNA in thyroid follicular carcinomas. Br J Cancer 2004; 90:1600-5. [PMID: 15083192 PMCID: PMC2409722 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
To find mRNAs whose expression differs between thyroid follicular adenomas and carcinomas, a high-throughput analysis of mRNAs in these two tumours was performed. This method, named high-throughput differential screening by serial analysis of gene expression (HDSS), combines a modified method of serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A total of 40 candidate tag sequences that showed extremely different expression levels between a follicular carcinoma and a follicular adenoma in the SAGE analysis were analysed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR, using RNAs from an additional four typical follicular carcinomas and adenomas. One sequence tag that represents trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) mRNA showed a clear difference in its expression level between adenomas and carcinomas. The expression levels of TFF3 mRNA in 48 follicular adenomas and 29 follicular carcinomas were measured by real-time quantitative RT-PCR using a specific probe for TFF3. They were significantly decreased in follicular carcinomas, especially in widely invasive types and those with evident metastases. These results indicate that the decreased expression of TFF3 mRNA is a marker of follicular carcinomas, especially those with a high risk of invasion or metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Takano
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, D2, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|