1
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Gudefin S, Weiss A, Ciucur E, Herlin C. [Rare case of reconstruction of the anterior thigh compartment after resection of high-grade sarcoma by hybrid technique: Latissimus dorsi free flap associated with a medial gastrocnemius pedicled flap]. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2024; 69:207-211. [PMID: 37271656 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The soft tissue sarcomas of the limbs require extensive surgical excision. Reconstructive surgery plays an essential role in its management to preserve the limb, as exposed in a case of thigh sarcoma. CLINICAL CASE A 73-year-old patient has a large sarcoma within the quadriceps. Its excision requires resection of the entire anterior thigh compartment. Preservation of the limb is permitted by reconstruction by latissimus dorsi free flap and medial gastrocnemius pedicled flap. The patient resumed walking using an orthosis at 3 months. CONCLUSION Surgery to remove a sarcoma of a limb can threaten the integrity of the limb. Plastic surgery, with all the reconstruction techniques, contributes to the preservation of a functional limb.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gudefin
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, CHU de Carrémeau, place du Pr.-Robert-Debré, 30029 Nîmes, France.
| | - A Weiss
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique, traumatologique et chirurgie du rachis, CHU de Carrémeau, place du Pr.-Robert-Debré, 30029 Nîmes, France
| | - E Ciucur
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, CHU de Carrémeau, place du Pr.-Robert-Debré, 30029 Nîmes, France
| | - C Herlin
- Chirurgie plastique reconstructrice et esthétique - brûlés, 371, avenue du Doyen-Gaston-Giraud, 34295 Montpellier, France
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2
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Cabrera GT, Meijboom KE, Abdallah A, Tran H, Foster Z, Weiss A, Wightman N, Stock R, Gendron T, Gruntman A, Giampetruzzi A, Petrucelli L, Brown RH, Mueller C. Artificial microRNA suppresses C9ORF72 variants and decreases toxic dipeptide repeat proteins in vivo. Gene Ther 2024; 31:105-118. [PMID: 37752346 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-023-00418-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons, causing progressive muscle weakness and respiratory failure. The presence of an expanded hexanucleotide repeat in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9ORF72) is the most frequent mutation causing familial ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). To determine if suppressing expression of C9ORF72 gene products can reduce toxicity, we designed a set of artificial microRNAs (amiRNA) targeting the human C9ORF72 gene. Here we report that an AAV9-mediated amiRNA significantly suppresses expression of the C9ORF72 mRNA, protein, and toxic dipeptide repeat proteins generated by the expanded repeat in the brain and spinal cord of C9ORF72 transgenic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Toro Cabrera
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Katharina E Meijboom
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Abbas Abdallah
- Department of Pediatrics and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Helene Tran
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Zachariah Foster
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Alexandra Weiss
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Nicholas Wightman
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Rachel Stock
- Department of Pediatrics and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Tania Gendron
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Alisha Gruntman
- Department of Pediatrics and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Anthony Giampetruzzi
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Leonard Petrucelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Robert H Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA.
| | - Christian Mueller
- Department of Pediatrics and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA.
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3
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Hossain MA, Sarin R, Donnelly DP, Miller BC, Weiss A, McAlary L, Antonyuk SV, Salisbury JP, Amin J, Conway JB, Watson SS, Winters JN, Xu Y, Alam N, Brahme RR, Shahbazian H, Sivasankar D, Padmakumar S, Sattarova A, Ponmudiyan AC, Gawde T, Verrill DE, Yang W, Kannapadi S, Plant LD, Auclair JR, Makowski L, Petsko GA, Ringe D, Agar NYR, Greenblatt DJ, Ondrechen MJ, Chen Y, Yerbury JJ, Manetsch R, Hasnain SS, Brown RH, Agar JN. Evaluating protein cross-linking as a therapeutic strategy to stabilize SOD1 variants in a mouse model of familial ALS. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002462. [PMID: 38289969 PMCID: PMC10826971 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) cause a subset of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS) cases. A shared effect of these mutations is that SOD1, which is normally a stable dimer, dissociates into toxic monomers that seed toxic aggregates. Considerable research effort has been devoted to developing compounds that stabilize the dimer of fALS SOD1 variants, but unfortunately, this has not yet resulted in a treatment. We hypothesized that cyclic thiosulfinate cross-linkers, which selectively target a rare, 2 cysteine-containing motif, can stabilize fALS-causing SOD1 variants in vivo. We created a library of chemically diverse cyclic thiosulfinates and determined structure-cross-linking-activity relationships. A pre-lead compound, "S-XL6," was selected based upon its cross-linking rate and drug-like properties. Co-crystallographic structure clearly establishes the binding of S-XL6 at Cys 111 bridging the monomers and stabilizing the SOD1 dimer. Biophysical studies reveal that the degree of stabilization afforded by S-XL6 (up to 24°C) is unprecedented for fALS, and to our knowledge, for any protein target of any kinetic stabilizer. Gene silencing and protein degrading therapeutic approaches require careful dose titration to balance the benefit of diminished fALS SOD1 expression with the toxic loss-of-enzymatic function. We show that S-XL6 does not share this liability because it rescues the activity of fALS SOD1 variants. No pharmacological agent has been proven to bind to SOD1 in vivo. Here, using a fALS mouse model, we demonstrate oral bioavailability; rapid engagement of SOD1G93A by S-XL6 that increases SOD1G93A's in vivo half-life; and that S-XL6 crosses the blood-brain barrier. S-XL6 demonstrated a degree of selectivity by avoiding off-target binding to plasma proteins. Taken together, our results indicate that cyclic thiosulfinate-mediated SOD1 stabilization should receive further attention as a potential therapeutic approach for fALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Amin Hossain
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Richa Sarin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Biogen Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Daniel P. Donnelly
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Brandon C. Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alexandra Weiss
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Luke McAlary
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Svetlana V. Antonyuk
- Molecular Biophysics Group, Department of Biochemistry & Systems Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph P. Salisbury
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jakal Amin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jeremy B. Conway
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Samantha S. Watson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jenifer N. Winters
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Novera Alam
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rutali R. Brahme
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Haneyeh Shahbazian
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Durgalakshmi Sivasankar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Swathi Padmakumar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Aziza Sattarova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Aparna C. Ponmudiyan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tanvi Gawde
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David E. Verrill
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Wensheng Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sunanda Kannapadi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Leigh D. Plant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jared R. Auclair
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lee Makowski
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gregory A. Petsko
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Rosenstiel Center for Basic Medical Research, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dagmar Ringe
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Rosenstiel Center for Basic Medical Research, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Nathalie Y. R. Agar
- Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David J. Greenblatt
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mary Jo Ondrechen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yunqiu Chen
- Biogen Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Justin J. Yerbury
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Roman Manetsch
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - S. Samar Hasnain
- Molecular Biophysics Group, Department of Biochemistry & Systems Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Robert H. Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey N. Agar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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4
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Dawwas GK, Weiss A, Constant BD, Parlett LE, Haynes K, Yang JY, Brensinger C, Wu Q, Pate V, Jonsson Funk M, Schaubel DE, Hurtado-Lorenzo A, David Kappelman M, Lewis JD. Development and Validation of Claims-Based Definitions to Identify Incident and Prevalent Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Administrative Healthcare Databases. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023; 29:1993-1996. [PMID: 37043675 PMCID: PMC10697409 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To facilitate inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) research in the United States, we developed and validated claims-based definitions to identify incident and prevalent IBD diagnoses using administrative healthcare claims data among multiple payers. METHODS We used data from Medicare, Medicaid, and the HealthCore Integrated Research Database (Anthem commercial and Medicare Advantage claims). The gold standard for validation was review of medical records. We evaluated 1 incidence and 4 prevalence algorithms based on a combination of International Classification of Diseases codes, National Drug Codes, and Current Procedural Terminology codes. The claims-based incident diagnosis date needed to be within ±90 days of that recorded in the medical record to be valid. RESULTS We reviewed 111 charts of patients with a potentially incident diagnosis. The positive predictive value (PPV) of the claims algorithm was 91% (95% confidence interval [CI], 81%-97%). We reviewed 332 charts to validate prevalent case definition algorithms. The PPV was 94% (95% CI, 86%-98%) for ≥2 IBD diagnoses and presence of prescriptions for IBD medications, 92% (95% CI, 85%-97%) for ≥2 diagnoses without any medications, 78% (95% CI, 67%-87%) for a single diagnosis and presence of an IBD medication, and 35% (95% CI, 25%-46%) for 1 physician diagnosis and no IBD medications. CONCLUSIONS Through a combination of diagnosis, procedural, and medication codes in insurance claims data, we were able to identify incident and prevalent IBD cases with high accuracy. These algorithms can be useful for the ascertainment of IBD cases in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadeer K Dawwas
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexandra Weiss
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brad D Constant
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Kevin Haynes
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA
| | - Jeff Yufeng Yang
- Center for Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Colleen Brensinger
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qufei Wu
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Virginia Pate
- Center for Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michele Jonsson Funk
- Center for Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Douglas E Schaubel
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Michael David Kappelman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James D Lewis
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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5
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Weiss A, Barnes EL, Bewtra M. A Practical Guide to the Use of Upadacitinib in Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2023:00000434-990000000-00948. [PMID: 38047577 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Weiss
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Edward L Barnes
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Multidisciplinary Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Meenakshi Bewtra
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Lewis JD, Parlett LE, Jonsson Funk ML, Brensinger C, Pate V, Wu Q, Dawwas GK, Weiss A, Constant BD, McCauley M, Haynes K, Yang JY, Schaubel DE, Hurtado-Lorenzo A, Kappelman MD. Incidence, Prevalence, and Racial and Ethnic Distribution of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the United States. Gastroenterology 2023; 165:1197-1205.e2. [PMID: 37481117 PMCID: PMC10592313 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We sought to estimate the incidence, prevalence, and racial-ethnic distribution of physician-diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the United States. METHODS The study used 4 administrative claims data sets: a 20% random sample of national fee-for-service Medicare data (2007 to 2017); Medicaid data from Florida, New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and California (1999 to 2012); and commercial health insurance data from Anthem beneficiaries (2006 to 2018) and Optum's deidentified Clinformatics Data Mart (2000 to 2017). We used validated combinations of medical diagnoses, diagnostic procedures, and prescription medications to identify incident and prevalent diagnoses. We computed pooled age-, sex-, and race/ethnicity-specific insurance-weighted estimates and pooled estimates standardized to 2018 United States Census estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS The age- and sex-standardized incidence of IBD per 100,000 person-years was 10.9 (95% CI, 10.6-11.2). The incidence of IBD peaked in the third decade of life, decreased to a relatively stable level across the fourth to eighth decades, and declined further. The age-, sex- and insurance-standardized prevalence of IBD was 721 per 100,000 population (95% CI, 717-726). Extrapolated to the 2020 United States Census, an estimated 2.39 million Americans are diagnosed with IBD. The prevalence of IBD per 100,000 population was 812 (95% CI, 802-823) in White, 504 (95% CI, 482-526) in Black, 403 (95% CI, 373-433) in Asian, and 458 (95% CI, 440-476) in Hispanic Americans. CONCLUSIONS IBD is diagnosed in >0.7% of Americans. The incidence peaks in early adulthood and then plateaus at a lower rate. The disease is less commonly diagnosed in Black, Asian, and Hispanic Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Lewis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | | | - Michele L Jonsson Funk
- Center for Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Colleen Brensinger
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Virginia Pate
- Center for Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Qufei Wu
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ghadeer K Dawwas
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexandra Weiss
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Brad D Constant
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maureen McCauley
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kevin Haynes
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey
| | - Jeff Yufeng Yang
- Center for Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Douglas E Schaubel
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Michael David Kappelman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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7
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Fang M, Deibler SK, Nana AL, Vatsavayai SC, Banday S, Zhou Y, Almeida S, Weiss A, Brown RH, Seeley WW, Gao FB, Green MR. Loss of TDP-43 function contributes to genomic instability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1251228. [PMID: 37849894 PMCID: PMC10577185 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1251228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A common pathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the cytoplasmic mislocalization and aggregation of the DNA/RNA-binding protein TDP-43, but how loss of nuclear TDP-43 function contributes to ALS and FTD pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Here, using large-scale RNAi screening, we identify TARDBP, which encodes TDP-43, as a gene whose loss-of-function results in elevated DNA mutation rate and genomic instability. Consistent with this finding, we observe increased DNA damage in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and iPSC-derived post-mitotic neurons generated from ALS patients harboring TARDBP mutations. We find that the increase in DNA damage in ALS iPSC-derived neurons is due to defects in two major pathways for DNA double-strand break repair: non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination. Cells with defects in DNA repair are sensitive to DNA damaging agents and, accordingly, we find that ALS iPSC-derived neurons show a marked reduction in survival following treatment with a DNA damaging agent. Importantly, we find that increased DNA damage is also observed in neurons with nuclear TDP-43 depletion from ALS/FTD patient brain tissues. Collectively, our results demonstrate that ALS neurons with loss of nuclear TDP-43 function have elevated levels of DNA damage and contribute to the idea that genomic instability is a defining pathological feature of ALS/FTD patients with TDP-43 pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minggang Fang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Sara K. Deibler
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Alissa L. Nana
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Sarat C. Vatsavayai
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Shahid Banday
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Sandra Almeida
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Alexandra Weiss
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Robert H. Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - William W. Seeley
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Fen-Biao Gao
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Michael R. Green
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
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Corriher TJ, Janopaul-Naylor J, Liu Y, Dhere VR, Sebastian N, Weiss A, Hershatter B, Filson CP, Patel SA. Utilization of Radical Prostatectomy vs. Radiation Therapy for Gleason Grade Group 5 Prostate Cancer before and after USPSTF Grade D Recommendation against Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening in 2012. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e374. [PMID: 37785273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The 2012 United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) Grade D recommendation against prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening has resulted in a shift to higher-stage prostate cancer (PC) at diagnosis. While incidence of low-risk prostate cancer has declined, more men are diagnosed with high-risk disease, and multimodal treatment is often required. The impact of this epidemiologic shift on practice patterns, specifically radical prostatectomy (RP) versus definitive radiation therapy (RT), for men with localized PC at high risk of recurrence is unknown. Herein, we evaluate the utilization of RP versus RT in the United States for Gleason grade group 5 (GG5) prostate cancer before and after 2012. MATERIALS/METHODS We identified 34,011 men with localized GG5 PC treated with (1) RP or (2) RT plus androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) between 2004 and 2017 in the National Cancer Database. We excluded those who were clinically node-positive, had metastatic disease, or received chemotherapy or palliative-intent treatment. Chi-square was used to compare the relative use of RP and RT before versus after January 1, 2012, corresponding to the year of USPSTF recommendation against PSA screening. Annual use of RP versus RT from 2004 to 2017 was compared in academic and non-academic centers using Cochran-Armitage test for trend. Joinpoint regression assessed if 2012 was significant for inflection of crude rates of RP. Finally, we modeled the effect of treatment year (i.e., 2012-2017 versus 2004-2011) on use of RP using multivariable logistic regression. Sensitivity analysis tested an interaction term for facility type (i.e., academic versus community). Tests were two-sided with a 0.05 level of significance. RESULTS Of the eligible men, 10,745 (31.6%) had T3-T4 disease. Between 2004 and 2011, 36.5% (n = 5,483) underwent RP; between 2012 and 2017, 42.3% (n = 8,034) underwent RP (p = .02). Across all centers, use of RP increased from 31% to 41% (p for trend <.001). In academic centers, use of RP increased from 32% to 44% (p for trend <.001); in community centers, use of RP increased from 30% to 39% (p for trend <.001). 2012 was associated with significant inflection for increase in RP use in all centers. On multivariable analysis, there was an increased odds of receiving RP after 2012 (adjusted OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.28-1.40, p<.001). No differential effect by facility type was observed (p = .15). CONCLUSION Utilization of RP for GG5 PC has significantly increased in the United States over the past decade, particularly after the USPSTF Grade D recommendation against PSA screening in 2012. It remains unknown whether oncologic or functional outcomes may be compromised in this group of high-risk men, many of whom require post-prostatectomy RT and/or ADT. While historically rare, prospective comparison of RP versus RT+ADT for GG5 PC may be helpful given the evolving epidemiology of localized PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Corriher
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - J Janopaul-Naylor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - V R Dhere
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - N Sebastian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - A Weiss
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - B Hershatter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - C P Filson
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - S A Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
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9
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Meijers AJS, Meredith MP, Shuckburgh EF, Kent EC, Munday DR, Firing YL, King B, Smyth TJ, Leng MJ, George Nurser AJ, Hewitt HT, Povl Abrahamsen E, Weiss A, Yang M, Bell TG, Alexander Brearley J, Boland EJD, Jones DC, Josey SA, Owen RP, Grist JP, Blaker AT, Biri S, Yelland MJ, Pimm C, Zhou S, Harle J, Cornes RC. Finale: impact of the ORCHESTRA/ENCORE programmes on Southern Ocean heat and carbon understanding. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2023; 381:20220070. [PMID: 37150199 PMCID: PMC10164468 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2022.0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The 5-year Ocean Regulation of Climate by Heat and Carbon Sequestration and Transports (ORCHESTRA) programme and its 1-year extension ENCORE (ENCORE is the National Capability ORCHESTRA Extension) was an approximately 11-million-pound programme involving seven UK research centres that finished in March 2022. The project sought to radically improve our ability to measure, understand and predict the exchange, storage and export of heat and carbon by the Southern Ocean. It achieved this through a series of milestone observational campaigns in combination with model development and analysis. Twelve cruises in the Weddell Sea and South Atlantic were undertaken, along with mooring, glider and profiler deployments and aircraft missions, all contributing to measurements of internal ocean and air-sea heat and carbon fluxes. Numerous forward and adjoint numerical experiments were developed and supported by the analysis of coupled climate models. The programme has resulted in over 100 peer-reviewed publications to date as well as significant impacts on climate assessments and policy and science coordination groups. Here, we summarize the research highlights of the programme and assess the progress achieved by ORCHESTRA/ENCORE and the questions it raises for the future. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Heat and carbon uptake in the Southern Ocean: the state of the art and future priorities'.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emily F. Shuckburgh
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, William Gates Building 15 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FD, UK
| | - Elizabeth C. Kent
- National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - David R. Munday
- British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, CB3 0ET Cambridge, UK
| | - Yvonne L. Firing
- National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Brian King
- National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Tim J. Smyth
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth PL1 3DH, UK
| | - Melanie J. Leng
- British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK
| | | | | | - E. Povl Abrahamsen
- British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, CB3 0ET Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexandra Weiss
- British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, CB3 0ET Cambridge, UK
| | - Mingxi Yang
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth PL1 3DH, UK
| | - Thomas G. Bell
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth PL1 3DH, UK
| | | | - Emma J. D. Boland
- British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, CB3 0ET Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel C. Jones
- British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, CB3 0ET Cambridge, UK
| | - Simon A. Josey
- National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Robyn P. Owen
- National Oceanography Centre, Joseph Proudman Building, 6 Brownlow Street, Liverpool L3 5DA, UK
| | - Jeremy P. Grist
- National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Adam T. Blaker
- National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Stavroula Biri
- National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
| | | | - Ciara Pimm
- British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, CB3 0ET Cambridge, UK
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Ecological Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Shenjie Zhou
- British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, CB3 0ET Cambridge, UK
| | - James Harle
- National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Richard C. Cornes
- National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
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10
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Dominov JA, Madigan LA, Whitt JP, Rademacher KL, Webster KM, Zhang H, Banno H, Tang S, Zhang Y, Wightman N, Shychuck EM, Page J, Weiss A, Kelly K, Kucukural A, Brodsky MH, Jaworski A, Fallon JR, Lipscombe D, Brown RH. Up-regulation of cholesterol synthesis pathways and limited neurodegeneration in a knock-in Sod1 mutant mouse model of ALS. bioRxiv 2023:2023.05.05.539444. [PMID: 37205335 PMCID: PMC10187330 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.05.539444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder affecting brain and spinal cord motor neurons. Mutations in the copper/zinc superoxide dismutase gene ( SOD1 ) are associated with ∼20% of inherited and 1-2% of sporadic ALS cases. Much has been learned from mice expressing transgenic copies of mutant SOD1, which typically involve high-level transgene expression, thereby differing from ALS patients expressing one mutant gene copy. To generate a model that more closely represents patient gene expression, we created a knock-in point mutation (G85R, a human ALS-causing mutation) in the endogenous mouse Sod1 gene, leading to mutant SOD1 G85R protein expression. Heterozygous Sod1 G85R mutant mice resemble wild type, whereas homozygous mutants have reduced body weight and lifespan, a mild neurodegenerative phenotype, and express very low mutant SOD1 protein levels with no detectable SOD1 activity. Homozygous mutants exhibit partial neuromuscular junction denervation at 3-4 months of age. Spinal cord motor neuron transcriptome analyses of homozygous Sod1 G85R mice revealed up-regulation of cholesterol synthesis pathway genes compared to wild type. Transcriptome and phenotypic features of these mice are similar to Sod1 knock-out mice, suggesting the Sod1 G85R phenotype is largely driven by loss of SOD1 function. By contrast, cholesterol synthesis genes are down-regulated in severely affected human TgSOD1 G93A transgenic mice at 4 months. Our analyses implicate dysregulation of cholesterol or related lipid pathway genes in ALS pathogenesis. The Sod1 G85R knock-in mouse is a useful ALS model to examine the importance of SOD1 activity in control of cholesterol homeostasis and motor neuron survival. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a devastating disease involving the progressive loss of motor neurons and motor function for which there is currently no cure. Understanding biological mechanisms leading to motor neuron death is critical for developing new treatments. Using a new knock-in mutant mouse model carrying a Sod1 mutation that causes ALS in patients, and in the mouse, causes a limited neurodegenerative phenotype similar to Sod1 loss-of-function, we show that cholesterol synthesis pathway genes are up-regulated in mutant motor neurons, whereas the same genes are down-regulated in transgenic SOD1 mice with a severe phenotype. Our data implicate dysregulation of cholesterol or other related lipid genes in ALS pathogenesis and provide new insights that could contribute to strategies for disease intervention.
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11
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O'Grady HM, Harrison R, Snedeker K, Trufen L, Yue P, Ward L, Fifen A, Jamieson P, Weiss A, Coulthard J, Lynch T, Croxen MA, Li V, Pabbaraju K, Wong A, Zhou HY, Dingle TC, Hellmer K, Berenger BM, Fonseca K, Lin YC, Evans D, Conly JM. A two-ward acute care hospital outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 delta variant including a point-source outbreak associated with the use of a mobile vital signs cart and sub-optimal doffing of personal protective equipment. J Hosp Infect 2023; 131:1-11. [PMID: 36195200 PMCID: PMC9527227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2022.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The arrival of the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 was associated with increased transmissibility and illness of greater severity. Reports of nosocomial outbreaks of Delta variant COVID-19 in acute care hospitals have been described but control measures varied widely. AIM Epidemiological investigation of a linked two-ward COVID-19 Delta variant outbreak was conducted to elucidate its source, risk factors, and control measures. METHODS Investigations included epidemiologic analysis, detailed case review serial SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing of patients and healthcare workers (HCWs), viral culture, environmental swabbing, HCW-unaware personal protective equipment (PPE) audits, ventilation assessments, and the use of whole genome sequencing (WGS). FINDINGS This linked two-ward outbreak resulted in 17 patient and 12 HCW cases, despite an 83% vaccination rate. In this setting, suboptimal adherence and compliance to PPE protocols, suboptimal hand hygiene, multi-bedded rooms, and a contaminated vital signs cart with potential fomite or spread via the hands of HCWs were identified as significant risk factors for nosocomial COVID-19 infection. Sudden onset of symptoms, within 72 h, was observed in 79% of all Ward 2 patients, and 93% of all cases (patients and HCWs) on Ward 2 occurred within one incubation period, consistent with a point-source outbreak. RT-PCR assays showed low cycle threshold (CT) values, indicating high viral load from environmental swabs including the vital signs cart. WGS results with ≤3 SNP differences between specimens were observed. CONCLUSION Outbreaks on both wards settled rapidly, within 3 weeks, using a `back-to-basics' approach without extraordinary measures or changes to standard PPE requirements. Strict adherence to recommended PPE, hand hygiene, education, co-operation from HCWs, including testing and interviews, and additional measures such as limiting movement of patients and staff temporarily were all deemed to have contributed to prompt resolution of the outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M O'Grady
- Infection Prevention and Control, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - R Harrison
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Workplace Health and Safety, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - K Snedeker
- Provincial Population and Public Health, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - L Trufen
- Workplace Health and Safety, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - P Yue
- Infection Prevention and Control, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - L Ward
- Infection Prevention and Control, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - A Fifen
- Infection Prevention and Control, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - P Jamieson
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Site Administration, Foothills Medical Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - A Weiss
- Site Administration, Foothills Medical Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - J Coulthard
- Site Administration, Foothills Medical Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - T Lynch
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Genomics and Bioinformatics, Alberta Public Health Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Public Health Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - M A Croxen
- Alberta Public Heath Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - V Li
- Alberta Public Heath Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - K Pabbaraju
- Alberta Public Health Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - A Wong
- Alberta Public Health Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - H Y Zhou
- Alberta Public Health Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - T C Dingle
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Public Health Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - K Hellmer
- Site Administration, Foothills Medical Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - B M Berenger
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Public Health Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - K Fonseca
- Alberta Public Health Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Y-C Lin
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - D Evans
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - J M Conly
- Infection Prevention and Control, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; W21C Research and Innovation Centre, O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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12
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Abstract
LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Everhov et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17175 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17229
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Weiss
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anna M Buchner
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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13
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Aleshchenko E, Swart E, Spix C, Voigt M, Trocchi P, Langer T, Calaminus G, Baust K, Glogner J, Ihle P, Küpper-Nybelen J, Lüpkes C, Kloppe T, Horenkamp-Sonntag D, Meier I, Marschall U, Dröge P, Klein M, Weiss A, Apfelbacher C. Long-term care, care needs and wellbeing of individuals after cancer in childhood or adolescence (VersKiK): study protocol of a large scale multi-methods non-interventional study. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:1176. [PMID: 36127717 PMCID: PMC9487026 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08549-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been shown previously that a relevant proportion of childhood cancer survivors suffers from late effects, which are often directly related to the cancer itself or its therapy, resulting in particular follow-up needs, additionally burdening healthcare systems. Being diagnosed with cancer at a vulnerable stage of development, this group of cancer survivors is at comparatively higher risk of relapse or subsequent cancer. Although national and international follow-up guidelines based on treatment modalities have been developed, their implementation seems to leave room for improvement. Additionally, they lack a sufficient consideration of the survivors' psychosocial needs, affecting their adherence to them. The aim of the VersKiK study is to provide representative information on late effects in childhood and adolescence cancer survivors in Germany. The main research objectives are: (1) to describe the state of follow-up care among survivors after a cancer diagnosis in childhood or adolescence; (2) to quantify the occurrence of late effects among this group of survivors; (3) to examine the adherence to selected audiological and cardiological follow-up guidelines and to identify factors affecting it; (4) to explore actual follow-up needs of paediatric cancer survivors; (5) to review selected follow-up guidelines with the aim to improve and expand them. METHODS VersKiK is designed as a mixed-methods non-interventional study. We will use claims data from statutory health insurance companies in combination with individually linked population-based registry data from the German Childhood Cancer Registry (GCCR). This data base will permit us to quantify diagnoses and procedures in comparison to the general population as well as the adherence to existing follow-up guidelines. Additional information will be obtained through interviews with childhood and adolescence cancer survivors and their informal caregivers, as well as in focus groups with healthcare professionals. DISCUSSION The present study aims to research the actual needs of individuals after cancer diagnosis and treatment in childhood or adolescence - physical, psychological and organisational - in order to improve existing follow-up guidelines. These improvements might further positively affect not only actual care provided to paediatric cancer survivors, but also benefit healthcare systems in general while decreasing consequent medical visits in this group of patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registered at German Clinical Trial Register (ID: DRKS00025960 and DRKS00026092).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Aleshchenko
- Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Faculty of Medicine, Otto Von Guericke Univiersity, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - E Swart
- Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Faculty of Medicine, Otto Von Guericke Univiersity, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - C Spix
- Division of Childhood Cancer Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - M Voigt
- Division of Childhood Cancer Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - P Trocchi
- Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Faculty of Medicine, Otto Von Guericke Univiersity, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - T Langer
- University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - G Calaminus
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - K Baust
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - J Glogner
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - P Ihle
- PMV Research Group at the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany
| | - J Küpper-Nybelen
- PMV Research Group at the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany
| | - C Lüpkes
- OFFIS-Institute for Information Technology, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - T Kloppe
- OFFIS-Institute for Information Technology, Oldenburg, Germany
| | | | - I Meier
- Techniker Krankenkasse (TK), Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - P Dröge
- AOK Research Institute (WIdO), Berlin, Germany
| | - M Klein
- DAK-Gesundheit, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Weiss
- Medical Sociology, Institute for Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Bavarian Care and Nursing Authority, Amberg, Germany
| | - C Apfelbacher
- Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Faculty of Medicine, Otto Von Guericke Univiersity, Magdeburg, Germany
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14
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Khan N, Pernes T, Weiss A, Trivedi C, Patel M, Medvedeva E, Xie D, Yang YX. Efficacy of Vedolizumab in a Nationwide Cohort of Elderly Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022; 28:734-744. [PMID: 34245261 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The elderly inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) population has historically been under-represented in clinical trials, and data on the efficacy of biologic medications in elderly IBD patients are generally lacking. Our study aims to evaluate the efficacy of vedolizumab (VDZ) among elderly IBD patients and compare it with younger IBD patients in a nationwide population-based cohort of IBD patients. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients within the US national Veterans Affairs Healthcare System (VAHS). Patients were stratified into 2 groups based on age at the time of starting VDZ (60 years of age and older or younger than 60 years of age) with outcomes compared between the 2 groups. The primary outcome was steroid-free remission during the 6- to 12-month period after starting VDZ therapy among those patients who were on steroids when VDZ was started. RESULTS There were 568 patients treated with VDZ, of whom 56.7% had Crohn's disease and 43.3% had ulcerative colitis. Among them, 316 patients were on steroids when VDZ was started. The percentage of patients who were on VDZ and off steroids during the 6- to 12-month period after VDZ initiation was 46.8% and 40.1% for the younger and elderly groups, respectively (P = 0.2374). Rates of hospitalization for an IBD-related reason within 1 year of VDZ start among the whole cohort were nearly identical in the younger and elderly groups (11.2% vs 11.3%, P = 0.9737). Rates of surgery for an IBD-related reason within 1 year of VDZ start were also similar between the young and elderly (3.9% vs 3.9%, P = 0.9851). CONCLUSIONS In a nationwide real-world retrospective cohort study of elderly IBD patients, we found that the efficacy of VDZ was similar among younger and older IBD patients and comparable with the published data in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Khan
- Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tyler Pernes
- Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexandra Weiss
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chinmay Trivedi
- Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Manthankumar Patel
- Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elina Medvedeva
- Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dawei Xie
- Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yu-Xiao Yang
- Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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15
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Arredondo C, Cefaliello C, Dyrda A, Jury N, Martinez P, Díaz I, Amaro A, Tran H, Morales D, Pertusa M, Stoica L, Fritz E, Corvalán D, Abarzúa S, Méndez-Ruette M, Fernández P, Rojas F, Kumar MS, Aguilar R, Almeida S, Weiss A, Bustos FJ, González-Nilo F, Otero C, Tevy MF, Bosco DA, Sáez JC, Kähne T, Gao FB, Berry JD, Nicholson K, Sena-Esteves M, Madrid R, Varela D, Montecino M, Brown RH, van Zundert B. Excessive release of inorganic phosphate by ALS/FTD astrocytes causes non-cell-autonomous toxicity to motoneurons. Neuron 2022; 110:1656-1670.e12. [PMID: 35276083 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Non-cell-autonomous mechanisms contribute to neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), in which astrocytes release unidentified factors that are toxic to motoneurons (MNs). We report here that mouse and patient iPSC-derived astrocytes with diverse ALS/FTD-linked mutations (SOD1, TARDBP, and C9ORF72) display elevated levels of intracellular inorganic polyphosphate (polyP), a ubiquitous, negatively charged biopolymer. PolyP levels are also increased in astrocyte-conditioned media (ACM) from ALS/FTD astrocytes. ACM-mediated MN death is prevented by degrading or neutralizing polyP in ALS/FTD astrocytes or ACM. Studies further reveal that postmortem familial and sporadic ALS spinal cord sections display enriched polyP staining signals and that ALS cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) exhibits increased polyP concentrations. Our in vitro results establish excessive astrocyte-derived polyP as a critical factor in non-cell-autonomous MN degeneration and a potential therapeutic target for ALS/FTD. The CSF data indicate that polyP might serve as a new biomarker for ALS/FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Arredondo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; CARE Biomedical Research Center, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Carolina Cefaliello
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Agnieszka Dyrda
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; CARE Biomedical Research Center, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Nur Jury
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; CARE Biomedical Research Center, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Pablo Martinez
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; CARE Biomedical Research Center, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Iván Díaz
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; CARE Biomedical Research Center, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Armando Amaro
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; CARE Biomedical Research Center, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Helene Tran
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Danna Morales
- Program of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channels-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Santiago 9160000, Chile
| | - Maria Pertusa
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channels-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Santiago 9160000, Chile; Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago 9160000, Chile; Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9160000, Chile
| | - Lorelei Stoica
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Elsa Fritz
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; CARE Biomedical Research Center, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Daniela Corvalán
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; CARE Biomedical Research Center, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Sebastián Abarzúa
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; CARE Biomedical Research Center, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile; FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | - Maxs Méndez-Ruette
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; CARE Biomedical Research Center, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Paola Fernández
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Fabiola Rojas
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; CARE Biomedical Research Center, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Meenakshi Sundaram Kumar
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Rodrigo Aguilar
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
| | - Sandra Almeida
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Alexandra Weiss
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Fernando J Bustos
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
| | - Fernando González-Nilo
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile; Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
| | - Carolina Otero
- School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Maria Florencia Tevy
- Cell Biology Laboratory, INTA, University of Chile and GEDIS Biotech, Santiago 7810000, Chile
| | - Daryl A Bosco
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Juan C Sáez
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Thilo Kähne
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical School, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Fen-Biao Gao
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - James D Berry
- Massachusetts General Hospital Neurological Clinical Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Katharine Nicholson
- Massachusetts General Hospital Neurological Clinical Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Miguel Sena-Esteves
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Rodolfo Madrid
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channels-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Santiago 9160000, Chile; Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago 9160000, Chile; Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9160000, Chile
| | - Diego Varela
- Program of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channels-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Santiago 9160000, Chile
| | - Martin Montecino
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | - Robert H Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Brigitte van Zundert
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; CARE Biomedical Research Center, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile; Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
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16
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Lewis JD, Cross RK, Long M, Singh S, Herfarth H, Weiss A, Buchner A. High Degree of Practice Variability in Colonic Dysplasia Surveillance for Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022; 28:1289-1292. [PMID: 35022777 PMCID: PMC9340525 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Lay Summary
Dysplasia surveillance practice varies widely among high-volume inflammatory bowel disease providers. We surveyed high-volume inflammatory bowel disease providers about practice patterns to detect dysplasia. Regular use of dye-based chromoendoscopy was reported by 20%, virtual chromoendoscopy by 27%, and random biopsies by 58%.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Lewis
- Address correspondence to: James D Lewis, MD, MSCE, 720 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104 ()
| | - Raymond K Cross
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Millie Long
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Siddharth Singh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Hans Herfarth
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alexandra Weiss
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anna Buchner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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17
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Mahmud N, Weiss A, Trivedi C, Yang YX, Lewis J, Khan N. Risk of Venous Thromboembolism Among Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Who Contract Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Gastroenterology 2021; 161:1709-1711.e1. [PMID: 34139204 PMCID: PMC8204846 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - A Weiss
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - C Trivedi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Y-X Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - J Lewis
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - N Khan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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18
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Abushouk AI, Abdelfattah O, Saad A, Gad MM, Reed GW, Puri R, Yun J, Vargo PR, Weiss A, Burns D, Popovic Z, Harb SC, Krishnaswamy A, Svensson LG, Kapadia SR. Late Clinical and Hemodynamic Outcomes in patients with degenerated bioprosthetic aortic valves undergoing transcatheter valve-in-valve implantation. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Clinical studies have shown promising early outcomes for valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve implantation (ViV-TAVI); however, the late outcomes of this procedure remain under-investigated.
Purpose
We performed the present analysis to assess the late clinical and hemodynamic outcomes of ViV-TAVI in patients with degenerated bioprosthetic aortic valves.
Methods
A comprehensive chart review was performed for eligible patients to retrieve data on procedural characteristics, admission details following the procedure, and echocardiographic parameters. Clinical outcomes included all-cause mortality, heart failure hospitalization and structural valve deterioration (SVD), as defined by VARC-II criteria, up to 5 years of follow-up. To assess the trends in mean and peak transvalvular gradients, data from the follow-up echocardiographic reports were analyzed using Syngo Dynamics imaging software.
Results
A total of 188 patients were included with a mean age of 75.8±10.4 years. Balloon- and self-expandable valves were used in 155 (82.4%) and 33 (17.6%) patients, respectively. At 30 days, 3 (1.6%) patients died and 8 (4.2%) required hospitalization for heart failure, while at 5 years, both events were recorded in 29 (15.4%) and 37 (19.7) patients, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with smaller surgical valves (internal diameter ≤21 mm) had a significantly higher mortality rate (log-rank p=0.021) than those with larger valves; however, no significant difference (log-rank p=0.59) was detected between different transcatheter valves (self vs. balloon-expandable). Three patients underwent re-intervention, performed via a transcatheter approach. Further, assessment of follow-up echocardiographic reports revealed 9 (4.8%) cases of SVD, as well as stable mean (16.3±6.9 at discharge and 16.9±11.3) and peak (30.3±12.1 at discharge and 30.7±18.4 at 5 years) transvalvular gradients. No difference (p>0.05) was observed based on transcatheter valve type or surgical valve internal diameter in terms of mean and peak transvalvular gradients throughout the follow-up period.
Conclusion
The present study showed good clinical outcomes among patients undergoing VIV-TAVI, with stable VIV performance over a five-year period. Future long-term studies are warranted to analyze the predictors of outcomes following ViV-TAVI and explore the role of this treatment option in the life-long management of aortic stenosis.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): Jennifer and Robert McNeil Donation to the Heart, Thoracic, and Vascular Institute at Cleveland Clinic. Figure 1
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Abushouk
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - O Abdelfattah
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - A Saad
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - M M Gad
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - G W Reed
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - R Puri
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - J Yun
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - P R Vargo
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - A Weiss
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - D Burns
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - Z Popovic
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - S C Harb
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - A Krishnaswamy
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - L G Svensson
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - S R Kapadia
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland, United States of America
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19
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20
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Khan N, Pernes T, Weiss A, Trivedi C, Patel M, Xie D, Yang YX. Incidence of Infections and Malignancy Among Elderly Male Patients with IBD Exposed to Vedolizumab, Prednisone, and 5-ASA Medications: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study. Adv Ther 2021; 38:2586-2598. [PMID: 33844132 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-021-01713-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vedolizumab (VDZ) is postulated to have a potentially safer side effect profile than other biologic medications owing to its gut-selective mechanism. However, extrapolating these safety data to older patients is challenging because of their underrepresentation in or exclusion from most clinical trials, higher rates of withdrawal, and higher rates of comorbidities. Our aim was to evaluate the absolute risk of infections and malignancies in an elderly group of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) exposed to VDZ vs. the absolute risks associated with 5-aminosalicyclic acid (5-ASA) medications and chronic steroid use. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study among the US national Veterans Affairs Healthcare System (VAHS). Our cohort comprised patients who were followed in the VAHS, had a diagnosis of IBD, and were aged 65 years or older. The patients were divided into three cohorts: primary exposure group (elderly patients on VDZ), assumed low-risk group (elderly patients on 5-ASA only), and assumed high-risk group (elderly patients on chronic prednisone). The low-risk and high-risk groups were matched to the VDZ group on race, gender, IBD type, age, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Primary outcomes gathered and confirmed via chart review included mild infections, severe infections, malignancies, and non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC). The results were based on a descriptive analysis. RESULTS A total of 497 patients were included in our study with 213, 186, and 98 patients in the VDZ, 5-ASA, and steroid groups, respectively. The total patient-years (PYs) of follow up were 405, 656, and 303 in VDZ, 5-ASA, and steroid groups respectively. The incidence of mild infection was the lowest in the VDZ group with 93.1 outcomes per 1000 PYs as compared to the 5-ASA group (114.4 outcomes per 1000 PYs) and 155.1 outcomes per 1000 PYs in the steroid group. In regard to severe infections, the VDZ group had an incidence of 38.5 outcomes per 1000 PYs as compared to 30.6 outcomes per 1000 PYs in the 5-ASA group and 67.4 outcomes per 1000 PYs in the steroids group. Mild infections with the highest incidence in the VDZ group were upper respiratory infection (including pharyngitis and sinusitis) at 20.3 per 1000 PYs, Clostridium difficile (15.1 per 1000 PYs), and cellulitis (10.0 per 1000 PYs). The severe infection with the highest incidence was pneumonia for each group, with incidence rates of 10.0, 14.0, and 48.6 per 1000 PYs for the VDZ, 5-ASA, and steroid groups, respectively. Incidence of malignancies (excluding NMSC) was numerically similar in the VDZ and 5-ASA group (17.6 and 15.6 per 1000 PYs, respectively), while the steroid group showed a higher incidence of 42.6 per 1000 PYs. NMSC incidence was numerically similar in the VDZ and steroid groups (36.3 and 39.0 per 1000 PYs, respectively), with the 5-ASA group showing a much lower NMSC incidence (4.6 per 1000 PYs). CONCLUSION In a large nationwide cohort of elderly patients, we found the safety profile of VDZ among elderly patients with IBD with respect to the risk of infection and malignancy to be numerically similar to elderly patients with IBD taking 5-ASA, and favorable when compared to the elderly patients with IBD taking chronic steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Khan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Tyler Pernes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Alexandra Weiss
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chinmay Trivedi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Manthankumar Patel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Dawei Xie
- Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yu-Xiao Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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21
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Peters OM, Weiss A, Metterville J, Song L, Logan R, Smith GA, Schwarzschild MA, Mueller C, Brown RH, Freeman M. Genetic diversity of axon degenerative mechanisms in models of Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 155:105368. [PMID: 33892050 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative movement disorder, associated with profound loss of dopaminergic neurons from the basal ganglia. Though loss of dopaminergic neuron cell bodies from the substantia nigra pars compacta is a well-studied feature, atrophy and loss of their axons within the nigrostriatal tract is also emerging as an early event in disease progression. Genes that drive the Wallerian degeneration, like Sterile alpha and toll/interleukin-1 receptor motif containing (Sarm1), are excellent candidates for driving this axon degeneration, given similarities in the morphology of axon degeneration after axotomy and in PD. In the present study we assessed whether Sarm1 contributes to loss of dopaminergic projections in mouse models of PD. In Sarm1 deficient mice, we observed a significant delay in the degeneration of severed dopaminergic axons distal to a 6-OHDA lesion of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) in the nigrostriatal tract, and an accompanying rescue of morphological, biochemical and behavioural phenotypes. However, we observed no difference compared to controls when striatal terminals were lesioned with 6-OHDA to induce a dying back form of neurodegeneration. Likewise, when PD phenotypes were induced using AAV-induced alpha-synuclein overexpression, we observed similar modest loss of dopaminergic terminals in Sarm1 knockouts and controls. Our data argues that axon degeneration after MFB lesion is Sarm1-dependent, but that other models for PD do not require Sarm1, or that Sarm1 acts with other redundant genetic pathways. This work adds to a growing body of evidence indicating Sarm1 contributes to some, but not all types of neurodegeneration, and supports the notion that while axon degeneration in many context appears morphologically similar, a diversity of axon degeneration programs exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen M Peters
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
| | - Alexandra Weiss
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Jake Metterville
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Lina Song
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Robert Logan
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Eastern Nazarene College, Quincy, MA 02170, USA
| | - Gaynor A Smith
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Michael A Schwarzschild
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Christian Mueller
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Robert H Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Marc Freeman
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
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22
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Strohbehn GW, Heiss BL, Rouhani SJ, Trujillo JA, Yu J, Kacew AJ, Higgs EF, Bloodworth JC, Cabanov A, Wright RC, Koziol AK, Weiss A, Danahey K, Karrison TG, Edens CC, Bauer Ventura I, Pettit NN, Patel BK, Pisano J, Strek ME, Gajewski TF, Ratain MJ, Reid PD. COVIDOSE: A Phase II Clinical Trial of Low-Dose Tocilizumab in the Treatment of Noncritical COVID-19 Pneumonia. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2021; 109:688-696. [PMID: 33210302 PMCID: PMC7753375 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.2117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6)-mediated hyperinflammation may contribute to the mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The IL-6 receptor-blocking monoclonal antibody tocilizumab has been repurposed for COVID-19, but prospective trials and dose-finding studies in COVID-19 have not yet fully reported. We conducted a single-arm phase II trial of low-dose tocilizumab in nonintubated hospitalized adult patients with COVID-19, radiographic pulmonary infiltrate, fever, and C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥ 40 mg/L. We hypothesized that doses significantly lower than the emerging standards of 400 mg or 8 mg/kg would resolve clinical and laboratory indicators of hyperinflammation. A dose range from 40 to 200 mg was evaluated, with allowance for one repeat dose at 24 to 48 hours. The primary objective was to assess the relationship of dose to fever resolution and CRP response. Thirty-two patients received low-dose tocilizumab, with the majority experiencing fever resolution (75%) and CRP decline consistent with IL-6 pathway abrogation (86%) in the 24-48 hours following drug administration. There was no evidence of a relationship between dose and fever resolution or CRP decline over the dose range of 40-200 mg. Within the 28-day follow-up, 5 (16%) patients died. For patients who recovered, median time to clinical recovery was 3 days (interquartile range, 2-5). Clinically presumed and/or cultured bacterial superinfections were reported in 5 (16%) patients. Low-dose tocilizumab was associated with rapid improvement in clinical and laboratory measures of hyperinflammation in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Results of this trial provide rationale for a randomized, controlled trial of low-dose tocilizumab in COVID-19.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/adverse effects
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacokinetics
- C-Reactive Protein/analysis
- COVID-19/blood
- COVID-19/physiopathology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Monitoring/methods
- Female
- Fever/diagnosis
- Fever/drug therapy
- Humans
- Male
- Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis
- Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy
- Pneumonia, Viral/etiology
- Receptors, Interleukin-6/antagonists & inhibitors
- SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification
- Severity of Illness Index
- Time Factors
- Treatment Outcome
- COVID-19 Drug Treatment
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Affiliation(s)
- Garth W. Strohbehn
- Department of MedicineSection of Hematology/OncologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Brian L. Heiss
- Department of MedicineSection of Hematology/OncologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Sherin J. Rouhani
- Department of MedicineSection of Hematology/OncologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Jonathan A. Trujillo
- Department of MedicineSection of Hematology/OncologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Jovian Yu
- Department of MedicineSection of Hematology/OncologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Alec J. Kacew
- Pritzker School of MedicineThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Emily F. Higgs
- Committee on ImmunologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Jeffrey C. Bloodworth
- Department of MedicineSection of Hematology/OncologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | | | - Rachel C. Wright
- Department of MedicineSection of Hematology/OncologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Adriana K. Koziol
- Department of MedicineSection of Hematology/OncologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Alexandra Weiss
- Department of MedicineSection of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Keith Danahey
- Center for Personalized TherapeuticsThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Center for Research InformaticsThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | | | - Cuoghi C. Edens
- Department of MedicineSection of RheumatologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Department of PediatricsSection of RheumatologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Iazsmin Bauer Ventura
- Department of MedicineSection of RheumatologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | | | - Bhakti K. Patel
- Department of MedicineSection of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Jennifer Pisano
- Department of MedicineSection of Infectious Diseases and Global HealthThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Mary E. Strek
- Department of MedicineSection of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Thomas F. Gajewski
- Department of MedicineSection of Hematology/OncologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Mark J. Ratain
- Department of MedicineSection of Hematology/OncologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Center for Personalized TherapeuticsThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Pankti D. Reid
- Department of MedicineSection of RheumatologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
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23
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Strohbehn GW, Heiss BL, Rouhani SJ, Trujillo JA, Yu J, Kacew AJ, Higgs EF, Bloodworth JC, Cabanov A, Wright RC, Koziol A, Weiss A, Danahey K, Karrison TG, Edens CC, Ventura IB, Pettit NN, Patel B, Pisano J, Strek ME, Gajewski TF, Ratain MJ, Reid PD. COVIDOSE: Low-dose tocilizumab in the treatment of Covid-19. medRxiv 2020. [PMID: 32743594 DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.20.20157503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Interleukin-6 (IL-6)-mediated hyperinflammation may contribute to the high mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Tocilizumab, an IL-6 receptor blocking monoclonal antibody, has been repurposed for Covid-19, but prospective trials and dose-finding studies in Covid-19 are lacking. Methods We conducted a phase 2 trial of low-dose tocilizumab in hospitalized adult patients with Covid-19, radiographic pulmonary infiltrate, fever, and C-reactive protein (CRP) >= 40 mg/L who did not require mechanical ventilation. Dose cohorts were determined by a trial Operations Committee, stratified by CRP and epidemiologic risk factors. A range of doses from 40 to 200 mg (low-dose tocilizumab) was evaluated, with allowance for one repeat dose at 24-48 hours. The primary objective was to assess the relationship of dose to fever resolution and CRP response. Outcomes were compared with retrospective controls with Covid-19. Correlative studies evaluating host antibody response were performed in parallel. Findings A total of 32 patients received low-dose tocilizumab. This cohort had improved fever resolution (75.0% vs. 34.2%, p = 0.001) and CRP decline (86.2% vs. 14.3%, p < 0.001) in the 24-48 hours following drug administration, as compared to the retrospective controls (N=41). The probabilities of fever resolution or CRP decline did not appear to be dose-related in this small study (p=0.80 and p=0.10, respectively). Within the 28-day follow-up, 5 (15.6%) patients died. For patients who recovered, median time to clinical recovery was 3 days (IQR, 2-5). Clinically presumed and/or cultured bacterial superinfections were reported in 5 (15.6%) patients. Correlative biological studies demonstrated that tocilizumab-treated patients produced anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies comparable to controls. Interpretation Low-dose tocilizumab was associated with rapid improvement in clinical and laboratory measures of hyperinflammation in hospitalized patients with Covid-19. Results of this trial and its correlative biological studies provide rationale for a randomized, controlled trial of low-dose tocilizumab in Covid-19.
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24
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Gai M, Kading E, Hass M, Nollett K, Stern S, Stora T, Weiss A. The Interaction of Neutrons with 7Be at BBN Temperatures: Lack of Standard Nuclear Solution to the “Primordial 7Li Problem”. EPJ Web Conf 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202022701007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first measurement of alpha-particles from the interaction of neutrons with 7Be at “temperatures” of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN). We measured the Maxwellian averaged cross sections (MACS), with neutron beams produced by the LiLiT at the SARAF in Israel (with kT = 49.5 keV hence 0.57 GK). In addition, we measured the cross section of the 7Be(n,p) reaction, which is in excellent agreement with the recent measurement of the n_TOF collaboration, further substantiating our method as a demonstration of “proof of principle”. The cross section for the 7Be(n,ga) and the 7Be(n,a) reaction measured in the “BBN window” is considerably smaller than compiled by Wagoner in 1969 and used today in Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN). We also rule out a hitherto unknown resonance in 8Be at the BBN window, that was conjectured as a possible standard nuclear physics solution to the “Primordial 7Li Problem”. Together with previous results, we deduce a new Wagoner-like Rate for the destruction of 7Be by neutrons which is based on all current measured data. We conclude the lack of a standard nuclear solution to the “Primordial 7Li Problem”. Our upper limit on the cross sections for the high energy alpha-particles is in agreement with recent measurement of the n_TOF collaboration, but it is considerably smaller than the p-wave extrapolation of the Kyoto collaboration. We measured the alpha-particles from the 7Be(n,gi)8Be*(3.03 MeV) reaction, which is considerably larger than a previous s-wave estimate. Hence, in contrast, we conclude s-wave dominance at BBN energies, as would be expected due to the broad (122 keV) low lying 2” state at En = 10 keV.
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25
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Martin JS, Staes N, Weiss A, Stevens JMG, Jaeggi AV. Facial width-to-height ratio is associated with agonistic and affiliative dominance in bonobos (Pan paniscus). Biol Lett 2019; 15:20190232. [PMID: 31455170 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2019.0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR) is associated with social dominance in human and non-human primates, which may reflect the effects of testosterone on facial morphology and behaviour. Given that testosterone facilitates status-seeking motivation, the association between fWHR and behaviour should be contingent on the relative costs and benefits of particular dominance strategies across species and socioecological contexts. We tested this hypothesis in bonobos (Pan paniscus), who exhibit female dominance and rely on both affiliation and aggression to achieve status. We measured fWHR from facial photographs, affiliative dominance with Assertiveness personality scores and agonistic dominance with behavioural data. Consistent with our hypothesis, agonistic and affiliative dominance predicted fWHR in both sexes independent of age and body weight, supporting the role of status-seeking motivation in producing the link between fWHR and socioecologically relevant dominance behaviour across primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Martin
- Behavioral Ecology Lab, Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Anthropology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - N Staes
- Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Center for Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, Department of Anthropology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - A Weiss
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,The Scottish Primate Research Group, UK
| | - J M G Stevens
- Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - A V Jaeggi
- Behavioral Ecology Lab, Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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26
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Peters OM, Lewis EA, Osterloh JM, Weiss A, Salameh JS, Metterville J, Brown RH, Freeman MR. Loss of Sarm1 does not suppress motor neuron degeneration in the SOD1G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:3761-3771. [PMID: 30010873 PMCID: PMC6196650 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Axon degeneration occurs in all neurodegenerative diseases, but the molecular pathways regulating axon destruction during neurodegeneration are poorly understood. Sterile Alpha and TIR Motif Containing 1 (Sarm1) is an essential component of the prodegenerative pathway driving axon degeneration after axotomy and represents an appealing target for therapeutic intervention in neurological conditions involving axon loss. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by rapid, progressive motor neuron degeneration and muscle atrophy, causing paralysis and death. Patient tissue and animal models of ALS show destruction of upper and lower motor neuron cell bodies and loss of their associated axons. Here, we investigate whether loss of Sarm1 can mitigate motor neuron degeneration in the SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS. We found no change in survival, behavioral, electrophysiogical or histopathological outcomes in SOD1G93A mice null for Sarm1. Blocking Sarm1-mediated axon destruction alone is therefore not sufficient to suppress SOD1G93A-induced neurodegeneration. Our data suggest the molecular pathways driving axon loss in ALS may be Sarm1-independent or involve genetic pathways that act in a redundant fashion with Sarm1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen M Peters
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Lewis
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jeannette M Osterloh
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra Weiss
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Johnny S Salameh
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jake Metterville
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Robert H Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Marc R Freeman
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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27
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Macdonnell CA, Telford JJ, Galorport C, Lam E, Donnellan F, Byrne M, Weiss A, Enns RA. A278 SMALL GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS (GIST): A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF EUS SURVEILLANCE. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz006.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C A Macdonnell
- Medicine, Div. of Gastroenterology, St. Paul’s Hospital , Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - J J Telford
- Medicine, Div. of Gastroenterology, St. Paul’s Hospital , Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - C Galorport
- Medicine, Div. of Gastroenterology, St. Paul’s Hospital , Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - E Lam
- Medicine, Div. of Gastroenterology, St. Paul’s Hospital , Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - F Donnellan
- Gastroenterology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Byrne
- Gastroenterology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Weiss
- Gastroenterology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - R A Enns
- Medicine, Div. of Gastroenterology, St. Paul’s Hospital , Vancouver, BC, Canada
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gayed
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA
| | - A Weiss
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA
| | - J Hodge
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA
| | - W Ingram
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA
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29
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Bauer Ventura I, Adegunsoye A, Strek M, Chung J, Vij R, Weiss A, Curran J, Dua A. 005. COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF RADIOGRAPHIC AND AUTOIMMUNE SEROLOGIC FEATURES BETWEEN ANCA- ASSOCIATED ILD AND IPAF. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez057.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rekha Vij
- University of Chicago Chicago, IL USA
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30
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Stecklein S, Rosso K, Tadros A, Weiss A, DeSnyder S, Kuerer H, Buchholz T, Stauder M, Ueno N, Lucci A, Woodward W. Excellent Locoregional Control in Inflammatory Breast Cancer with a Personalized Radiation Therapy Approach. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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31
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Zhong C, Song H, Weiss A, Tan WH, Coury S, Huang J. Myofibromatosis presenting as reticulated vascular changes and subcutaneous atrophy in a patient with somatic mosaicism of PDGFRB
mutation. Br J Dermatol 2018; 179:1408-1409. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C.S. Zhong
- Harvard Medical School; 50 Staniford Street 2nd Floor Boston MA 02114 U.S.A
| | - H. Song
- Harvard Medical School; 50 Staniford Street 2nd Floor Boston MA 02114 U.S.A
| | - A. Weiss
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology; Maine Medical Center; Scarborough ME U.S.A
| | - W.-H. Tan
- Division of Genetics and Genomics; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston MA U.S.A
| | - S. Coury
- Division of Genetics and Genomics; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston MA U.S.A
| | - J.T. Huang
- Department of Immunology; Dermatology Program, Boston Children's Hospital; Boston MA U.S.A
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32
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Gartner MC, Weiss A. Studying primate personality in zoos: implications for the management, welfare and conservation of great apes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/izy.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. C. Gartner
- Philadelphia Zoo; 3400 West Girard Avenue Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - A. Weiss
- Department of Psychology; School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences; The University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh EH8 9JZ United Kingdom
- Scottish Primate Research Group; United Kingdom
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33
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Taylor SA, Byrne M, Weiss A, Donnellan F. A330 MANAGEMENT OF COMPLEX PANCREATIC FLUID COLLECTIONS USING THE NAGITM COVERED EXPANDABLE METAL STENT. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwy008.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S A Taylor
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Byrne
- Gastroenterology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Weiss
- Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - F Donnellan
- Gastroenterology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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34
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Kayal A, Weiss A. A284 ARGON PLASMA COAGULATION ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH HEMOSPRAY FOR RADIATION PROCTITIS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwy008.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Kayal
- Gastroenterology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Weiss
- Gastroenterology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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35
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Bawa MS, Schaeffer DF, Byrne M, Weiss A, Donnellan F. A253 DETERMINATION OF OPTIMAL NUMBER OF ACTUATIONS FOR AN EUS GUIDED FNA PASS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwy009.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M S Bawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - D F Schaeffer
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Byrne
- Division of Gastroenterology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Weiss
- Division of Gastroenterology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - F Donnellan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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36
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Wentlandt K, Weiss A, O'Connor E, Kaya E. Palliative and end of life care in solid organ transplantation. Am J Transplant 2017; 17:3008-3019. [PMID: 28976070 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Palliative care is an interprofessional approach that focuses on quality of life of patients who are facing life-threatening illness. Palliative care is consistently associated with improvements in advance care planning, patient and caregiver satisfaction, quality of life, symptom burden, and lower healthcare utilization. Most transplant patients have advanced chronic disease, significant symptom burden, and mortality awaiting transplant. Transplantation introduces new risks including perioperative death, organ rejection, infection, renal insufficiency, and malignancy. Numerous publications over the last decade identify that palliative care is well-suited to support these patients and their caregivers, yet access to palliative care and research within this population are lacking. This review describes palliative care and summarizes existing research supporting palliative intervention in advanced organ failure and transplant populations. A proposed model to provide palliative care in parallel with disease-directed therapy in a transplant program has the potential to improve symptom burden, quality of life, and healthcare utilization. Further studies are needed to elucidate specific benefits of palliative care for this population. In addition, there is a tremendous need for education, specifically for clinicians, patients, and families, to improve understanding of palliative care and its benefits for patients with advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wentlandt
- Division of Palliative Care, Department of Supportive Care, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Weiss
- Division of Palliative Care, Department of Supportive Care, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E O'Connor
- Division of Palliative Care, Department of Supportive Care, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E Kaya
- Division of Palliative Care, Department of Supportive Care, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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37
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Gruber R, Rainer G, Weiss A, Udvardi A, Thiele H, Eckl KM, Schupart R, Nürnberg P, Zschocke J, Schmuth M, Volc-Platzer B, Hennies HC. Morphological alterations in two siblings with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis associated with CYP4F22 mutations. Br J Dermatol 2017; 176:1068-1073. [PMID: 27449533 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) caused by mutations in CYP4F22 is very rare. CyP4F22, a protein of the cytochrome-P450 family 4, encodes an epidermal ω-hydroxylase decisive in the formation of acylceramides, which is hypothesized to be crucial for skin-barrier function. We report a girl with consanguineous parents presenting as collodion baby with contractures of the great joints and palmoplantar hyperlinearity. In the course of the disease she developed fine scaling of the skin with erythroderma, the latter disappearing until the age of 6 months. Her sister showed a generalized fine-scaling phenotype, and, interestingly, was born without a collodion membrane. The analysis of all known candidate genes for ARCI in parallel with a next-generation sequencing approach using a newly designed dermatogenetics gene panel revealed a previously unknown homozygous splice-site mutation c.549+5G>C in CYP4F22 in both girls, confirming the diagnosis of ARCI. Ultrastructural analysis by transmission electron microscopy in both patients showed epidermal hyperplasia, orthohyperkeratosis with persistence of corneodesmosomes into the outer stratum corneum layers, fragmented and disorganized lamellar lipid bilayers, which could be ascribed to inhomogeneous lamellar body secretion, as well as lamellar body and lipid entombment in the corneocytes. These findings correlated with increased transepidermal water loss on the functional level. For the first time, we report a collodion baby phenotype and epidermal barrier impairment in CyP4F22-deficient epidermis at both the ultrastructural and functional level, and corroborate the importance of CyP4F22 for epidermal maturation and barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gruber
- Division of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - G Rainer
- Department of Dermatology, Donauspital Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Karl Landsteiner Institute for Pediatric Dermatology, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Weiss
- Department of Paediatrics, Wilhelminen Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Udvardi
- Department of Dermatology, Donauspital Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Paediatrics, Wilhelminen Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Thiele
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - K M Eckl
- Division of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Schupart
- Division of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - P Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - J Zschocke
- Division of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Schmuth
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B Volc-Platzer
- Department of Dermatology, Donauspital Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Karl Landsteiner Institute for Pediatric Dermatology, Vienna, Austria
| | - H C Hennies
- Division of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, U.K
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38
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Mandell E, Weiss A, Beloosesky Y, Shohat Z, Robenshtok E, Grossman A. Are Thyroid Hormone Values Obtained in Hospitalized Elderly Patients Reproducible? - A Cohort Study. Horm Metab Res 2016; 48:802-805. [PMID: 27711952 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-117720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
It is unclear whether TSH should be obtained in elderly hospitalized patients as several factors associated with hospitalization influence these levels, which may not truly represent the thyroid status of the individual. All patients≥65 years old hospitalized in a geriatric ward in the years 2012-2014 had TSH measured irrespective of the cause for hospitalization. All patients in whom TSH levels were performed in an ambulatory setting 2-12 months following hospitalization were identified and these TSH levels were correlated with levels recorded during hospitalization. Factors influencing TSH reproducibility were identified through review of patients' medical records. Of 562 patients hospitalized during the study period, 198 had repeat ambulatory TSH measurements during follow-up. The Katz Index of Independence was higher (9.43±2.98 vs. 8.43±3.67 p=0.002) and cerebrovascular disease was less prevalent (15.6 vs. 25.2% p=0.014) in those who had a repeat TSH measurement compared with those who did not, but other baseline characteristics and TSH levels on admission were similar. Ambulatory TSH values were significantly correlated with those obtained during hospitalization (correlation coefficient=0.677), irrespective of baseline systolic blood pressure, cause of hospitalization, or admission albumin levels. Mean TSH difference between in-hospital and ambulatory was 0.65±2.36 mIU/l and in more than 94% of cases TSH values differed by less than 2 mIU/l between the 2 measurements. In hospitalized patients≥65 years old, TSH levels are highly concordant with ambulatory values. TSH obtained during hospitalization may be used for making treatment decisions and has clinical utility in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mandell
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Weiss
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Y Beloosesky
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Z Shohat
- Bio-Statistical Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus
| | - E Robenshtok
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Grossman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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39
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Wilson VAD, Weiss A, Humle T, Morimura N, Udono T, Idani G, Matsuzawa T, Hirata S, Inoue-Murayama M. Chimpanzee Personality and the Arginine Vasopressin Receptor 1A Genotype. Behav Genet 2016; 47:215-226. [PMID: 27804047 PMCID: PMC5306277 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-016-9822-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphisms of the arginine vasopressin receptor 1a (AVPR1a) gene have been linked to various measures related to human social behavior, including sibling conflict and agreeableness. In chimpanzees, AVPR1a polymorphisms have been associated with traits important for social interactions, including sociability, joint attention, dominance, conscientiousness, and hierarchical personality dimensions named low alpha/stability, disinhibition, and negative emotionality/low dominance. We examined associations between AVPR1a and six personality domains and hierarchical personality dimensions in 129 chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) living in Japan or in a sanctuary in Guinea. We fit three linear and three animal models. The first model included genotype, the second included sex and genotype, and the third included genotype, sex, and sex × genotype. All personality phenotypes were heritable. Chimpanzees possessing the long form of the allele were higher in conscientiousness, but only in models that did not include the other predictors; however, additional analyses suggested that this may have been a consequence of study design. In animal models that included sex and sex × genotype, chimpanzees homozygous for the short form of the allele were higher in extraversion. Taken with the findings of previous studies of chimpanzees and humans, the findings related to conscientiousness suggest that AVPR1a may be related to lower levels of impulsive aggression. The direction of the association between AVPR1a genotype and extraversion ran counter to what one would expect if AVPR1a was related to social behaviors. These results help us further understand the genetic basis of personality in chimpanzees.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A D Wilson
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.,Cognitive Ethology, German Primate Center, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Leibniz-ScienceCampus, Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Weiss
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.
| | - T Humle
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - N Morimura
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Udono
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - G Idani
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Matsuzawa
- Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan.,Japan Monkey Centre, Inuyama, Japan
| | - S Hirata
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Inoue-Murayama
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
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Personeni N, Giordano L, Abbadessa G, Porta C, Borbath I, Daniele B, Salvagni S, van Laethem JL, Van Vlierberghe H, Trojan J, Weiss A, Gasbarrini A, Shuster D, De Toni E, Lencioni M, Miles S, Lamar M, Schwartz B, Santoro A, Rimassa L. Prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: An exploratory analysis from the ARQ197-215 study. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw371.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Personeni N, Giordano L, Abbadessa G, Porta C, Borbath I, Daniele B, Salvagni S, Van Laethem J, Van Vlierberghe H, Trojan J, De Toni E, Weiss A, Miles S, Gasbarrini A, Lencioni M, Lamar M, Shuster D, Schwartz B, Santoro A, Rimassa L. Prognostic significance of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: the ARQ197-215 study. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw333.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Belle F, Wengenroth L, Weiss A, Sommer G, Popovic MB, Ansari M, Bochud M, Kuehni C. SUN-P082: Low Adherence to Dietary Recommendations in Adult Childhood Cancer Survivors. Clin Nutr 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(16)30425-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Beloosesky Y, Grinblat J, Weiss A, Grosman B, Gafter U, Chagnac A. Electrolyte Disorders Following Oral Sodium Phosphate Administration for Bowel Cleansing in Elderly Patients. Nutr Clin Pract 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0115426503018006523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Louahem D, Lozach F, Delpont M, Weiss A, Prodhomme O, Cottalorda J. Mosaicplasty for femoral osteochondritis dissecans. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2016; 102:247-50. [PMID: 26896409 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The authors describe a surgical mosaicplasty technique, with an anterior surgical dislocation approach without trochanterotomy, for osteochondritis dissecans of the hip. A graft was taken from the lateral condyle of the knee. Two adolescents underwent this procedure with good results. No osteonecrosis was observed at the longest follow-up. Mosaicplasty is a useful treatment method for small osteochondritis dissecans (<2cm(2)).
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Affiliation(s)
- D Louahem
- Service d'orthopédie pédiatrique, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - F Lozach
- Service d'orthopédie pédiatrique, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - M Delpont
- Service d'orthopédie pédiatrique, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - A Weiss
- Service d'orthopédie pédiatrique, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - O Prodhomme
- Service de radiologie pédiatrique, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - J Cottalorda
- Service d'orthopédie pédiatrique, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Weiss A, Beck-Fruchter R, Golan J, Lavee M, Geslevich Y, Shalev E. Ectopic pregnancy risk factors for ART patients undergoing the GnRH antagonist protocol: a retrospective study. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2016; 14:12. [PMID: 27005813 PMCID: PMC4804527 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-016-0146-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In-vitro fertilization is a known risk factor for ectopic pregnancies. We sought to establish the risk factors for ectopic pregnancy in GnRH antagonist cycles examining patient and stimulation parameters with an emphasis on ovulation trigger. METHODS We conducted a retrospective, cohort study of 343 patients undergoing 380 assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles with the GnRH antagonist protocol and achieving a clinical pregnancy from November 2010 through December 2015. RESULTS Significant risk factors for ectopic pregnancy in the univariate analysis included prior Cesarean section (CS), endometriosis, mechanical factor infertility, longer stimulation, elevated estradiol and progesterone levels, GnRH agonist trigger, higher number of oocytes aspirated, and insemination technique. Independent risk factors for ectopic pregnancy in the multivariate analysis included GnRH agonist trigger, higher number of oocytes aspirated, insemination technique, and prior Cesarean section. CONCLUSION Excessive ovarian response, IVF (as opposed to ICSI), prior Cesarean section and GnRH agonist trigger were found to be independent risk factors for ectopic pregnancy. Caution should be exercised before incorporating the GnRH agonist trigger for indications other than preventing OHSS. When excessive ovarian response leads to utilization of GnRH agonist trigger, strategies for preventing ectopic pregnancy, such as a freeze all policy or blastocyst transfer, should be considered. Further studies should elucidate whether adjusting the luteal support can reduce the ectopic pregnancy risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Weiss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - R. Beck-Fruchter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - J. Golan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - M. Lavee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Y. Geslevich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - E. Shalev
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Weiss A, Friedenberg F. Patterns of cannabis use in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A population based analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend 2015; 156:84-89. [PMID: 26422462 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco use patterns and effects in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease have been extensively studied, however the role and patterns of cannabis use remains poorly defined. Our aim was to evaluate patterns of marijuana use in a large population based survey. METHODS Cases were identified from the NHANES database from the National Center for Health Statistics for the time period from January, 2009 through December, 2010 as having ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, and exact matched with controls using the Propensity Score Module of SPSS, based on age, gender, and sample weighted using the nearest neighbor method. RESULTS After weighting, 2084,895 subjects with IBD and 2013,901 control subjects were identified with no significant differences in demographic characteristics. Subjects with IBD had a higher incidence of ever having used marijuana/hashish (M/H) (67.3% vs. 60.0%) and an earlier age of onset of M/H use (15.7 years vs. 19.6 years). Patients with IBD were less likely to have used M/H every month for a year, but more likely to use a heavier amount per day (64.9% subjects with IBD used three or more joints per day vs. 80.5% of subjects without IBD used two or fewer joints per day). In multivariable logistic regression, presence of IBD, male gender, and age over 40 years predicted M/H use. CONCLUSION Our study is the first to evaluate marijuana patterns in a large-scale population based survey. Older, male IBD patients have the highest odds of marijuana use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Weiss
- Temple University Hospital, Internal Medicine Department, 3401 N Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States.
| | - Frank Friedenberg
- Temple University Hospital, Gastroenterology Department, 3401 N Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States.
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White TR, Aguirre VS, Boyajian T, Creevey O, Huber D, von Braun K, Bedding TR, Elsworth Y, Hekker S, Stello D, Weiss A. Testing Asteroseismic Scaling Relations with Interferometry. EPJ Web of Conferences 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201510106068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Delishaj D, Pasqualetti F, Caramella D, Fatigante L, Matteucci F, Perrini P, Weiss A, Vannozzi R, Cosottini M, Cantarella M, Cristaudo A, Gonnelli A, Ursino S, Fabrini M. 2918 Preliminary experiences of second surgery combined with postoperative systemic therapy in patients with recurrent Glioblastoma. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31633-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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49
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Weiss A, Gernert K, Schaefer S, Maegel L, Jonigk D, Ghofrani A, Weissmann N, Grimminger F, Seeger W, Schermuly R. MicroRNA-9 is a regulator of PDGFRβ expression in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Pneumologie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1556634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Nowak-Sliwinska P, Weiss A, van Beijnum JR, Wong TJ, Kilarski WW, Szewczyk G, Verheul HMW, Sarna T, van den Bergh H, Griffioen AW. Photoactivation of lysosomally sequestered sunitinib after angiostatic treatment causes vascular occlusion and enhances tumor growth inhibition. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1641. [PMID: 25675301 PMCID: PMC4669819 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The angiogenesis inhibitor sunitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that acts mainly on the VEGF and PDGF pathways. We have previously shown that sunitinib is sequestered in the lysosomes of exposed tumor and endothelial cells. This phenomenon is part of the drug-induced resistance observed in the clinic. Here, we demonstrate that when exposed to light, sequestered sunitinib causes immediate destruction of the lysosomes, resulting in the release of sunitinib and cell death. We hypothesized that this photoactivation of sunitinib could be used as a vaso-occlusive vascular-targeting approach to treating cancer. Spectral properties of sunitinib and its lysosomal accumulation were measured in vitro. The human A2780 ovarian carcinoma transplanted onto the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and the Colo-26 colorectal carcinoma model in Balb/c mice were used to test the effects of administrating sunitinib and subsequently exposing tumor tissue to light. Tumors were subsequently resected and subject to immunohistochemical analysis. In A2780 ovarian carcinoma tumors, treatment with sunitinib+light resulted in immediate specific angio-occlusion, leading to a necrotic tumor mass 24 h after treatment. Tumor growth was inhibited by 70% as compared with the control group (**P<0.0001). Similar observations were made in the Colo-26 colorectal carcinoma, where light exposure of the sunitinib-treated mice inhibited tumor growth by 50% as compared with the control and by 25% as compared with sunitinib-only-treated tumors (N≥4; P=0.0002). Histology revealed that photoactivation of sunitinib resulted in a change in tumor vessel architecture. The current results suggest that the spectral properties of sunitinib can be exploited for application against certain cancer indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Nowak-Sliwinska
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Weiss
- 1] Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland [2] Department of Medical Oncology, Angiogenesis Laboratory, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J R van Beijnum
- Department of Medical Oncology, Angiogenesis Laboratory, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T J Wong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Angiogenesis Laboratory, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W W Kilarski
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, SV IBI LLCB, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G Szewczyk
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - H M W Verheul
- Department of Medical Oncology, Angiogenesis Laboratory, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T Sarna
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - H van den Bergh
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A W Griffioen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Angiogenesis Laboratory, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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