1
|
Pharmacokinetics of intravenously and trans-dermally administered fluralaner in healthy laying shaver hens: fluralaner in chickens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103362. [PMID: 38218115 PMCID: PMC10823124 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Ectoparasite infestations negatively affect both backyard and commercial chicken flocks in the United States. Fluralaner is an isoxazoline shown to be efficacious in treating mite and bed bug infestations in poultry. Fluralaner is approved to treat fleas and ticks in dogs and cats in the United States and to treat mite infestations of chickens in Europe and Australia; however, the use of fluralaner in poultry is not yet approved in the United States. This study aimed to investigate the plasma fluralaner pharmacokinetic profile of intravenous and transdermal routes and apparent bioavailability of fluralaner administered trans-dermally in healthy shaver hens. A total of 12 individually housed healthy shaver hens received a single dose of either intravenous technical grade fluralaner at 0.5 mg/kg, or transdermal fluralaner (Bravecto (fluralaner transdermal solution) for dogs, 280 mg/mL, Merck Animal Health) at mean 58.7 mg/kg. Plasma from each hen was collected from the jugular, ulnar, or medial metatarsal vein at multiple intervals. Fluralaner concentrations in plasma were determined using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry (UPLC/MS). Noncompartmental analysis revealed that the geometric mean elimination half-life for intravenous and transdermal routes were 80.5 and 179.6 h, respectively. The geometric mean apparent bioavailability of transdermal routes was estimated as 3.4%. Prolonged fluralaner concentration in plasma above minimum inhibitory concentration of bed bugs following the single dose was observed in healthy shaver hens for both routes. It is important to understand the pharmacokinetic profile could be useful in determining the appropriate treatment strategy.
Collapse
|
2
|
Prevalence of radiographic appendicular osteoarthritis and associated clinical signs in young dogs. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2827. [PMID: 38310147 PMCID: PMC10838335 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52324-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) and associated clinical signs in young dogs. Owners of dogs aged 8 months-4 years from a single practice, were contacted in random order, to participate in a general health screen. Clinical and orthopedic examinations were performed. Each joint was scored for pain reactions (0-4). Orthogonal radiographs of all joints were made under sedation. Each joint was scored for radiographic OA (rOA) severity on an 11-point scale. Clinical OA (cOA) was defined as an overlap of rOA and joint pain in ≥ 1 joint. Owners completed OA questionnaires. The owners of 123 dogs agreed to participate. Overall, 39.8% (49/123) of dogs had rOA in ≥ 1 joint, and 16.3% (20/123) or 23.6% (29/123) dogs had cOA, depending on the cut-off value of joint pain; moderate (2), or mild (1), respectively. Owners of dogs with cOA observed signs of impairment in approximately 30% of cases. Only 2 dogs with cOA were receiving OA pain management. The most commonly affected joints in descending order of frequency were elbow, hip, tarsus, and stifle. Radiographically visible OA is common in young dogs, and 40-60% of dogs with rOA had cOA. However, OA-pain appears underdiagnosed and undertreated in young dogs.
Collapse
|
3
|
Multimodal Biomarkers That Predict the Presence of Gleason Pattern 4: Potential Impact for Active Surveillance. J Urol 2023; 210:257-271. [PMID: 37126232 DOI: 10.1097/ju.0000000000003507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Latent grade group ≥2 prostate cancer can impact the performance of active surveillance protocols. To date, molecular biomarkers for active surveillance have relied solely on RNA or protein. We trained and independently validated multimodal (mRNA abundance, DNA methylation, and/or DNA copy number) biomarkers that more accurately separate grade group 1 from grade group ≥2 cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients were assigned to training (n=333) and validation (n=202) cohorts. We profiled the abundance of 342 mRNAs, 100 DNA copy number alteration loci, and 14 hypermethylation sites at 2 locations per tumor. Using the training cohort with cross-validation, we evaluated methods for training classifiers of pathological grade group ≥2 in centrally reviewed radical prostatectomies. We trained 2 distinct classifiers, PRONTO-e and PRONTO-m, and validated them in an independent radical prostatectomy cohort. RESULTS PRONTO-e comprises 353 mRNA and copy number alteration features. PRONTO-m includes 94 clinical, mRNAs, copy number alterations, and methylation features at 14 and 12 loci, respectively. In independent validation, PRONTO-e and PRONTO-m predicted grade group ≥2 with respective true-positive rates of 0.81 and 0.76, and false-positive rates of 0.43 and 0.26. Both classifiers were resistant to sampling error and identified more upgrading cases than a well-validated presurgical risk calculator, CAPRA (Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Two grade group classifiers with superior accuracy were developed by incorporating RNA and DNA features and validated in an independent cohort. Upon further validation in biopsy samples, classifiers with these performance characteristics could refine selection of men for active surveillance, extending their treatment-free survival and intervals between surveillance.
Collapse
|
4
|
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim After Oral Administration of Single and Multiple Doses to Rhode Island Red Chickens ( Gallus gallus domesticus). J Avian Med Surg 2023; 37:1-12. [PMID: 37358198 DOI: 10.1647/22-00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP), a commonly prescribed antibiotic for backyard hens, is neither Food and Drug Administration approved nor prohibited in laying hens in the United States. The aim of this study was to determine whether plasma concentrations above targeted minimum inhibitory concentration breakpoint values for Enterobacteriaceae could be achieved with oral dosing. Five Rhode Island red hens (Gallus gallus domesticus) were administered a single dose of 96 mg/kg SMZ-TMP (80 mg/kg SMZ and 16 mg/kg TMP) IV followed by the same dose orally after a washout period. Following oral dosing, mean SMZ concentrations exceeded the target breakpoint for approximately 12 hours; however, TMP only briefly exceeded the target breakpoint. Bioavailability was 60.5% for SMZ and 82.0% for TMP. Ten naïve birds were allocated into control (n = 4) and treatment (n = 6) groups for a 7-day multi-dose study. Treatment birds received an oral suspension dosed at 16 mg/kg TMP and 80 mg/kg SMZ every 48 hours (on days 1, 3, 5, and 7); TMP tablets were additionally dosed at 25 mg/bird on days 1, 3, 5, and 7, and 50 mg/bird on days 2, 4, and 6. Plasma SMZ-TMP concentrations were measured on a multiple time interval by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and pharmacokinetic analyses were performed using a noncompartmental model. No accumulation for either drug was noted following repeated dosing, and no statistical differences in biochemical values, packed cell volumes, or weight were found between pre- and posttreatment in either the treatment or control groups. Sulfamethoxazole (80 mg/kg q48h PO) and TMP (24.1-28.0 mg/kg q24h PO) maintained therapeutic plasma concentrations at or exceeding the minimum inhibitory concentration breakpoint of Enterobacteriaceae for 72 and 24 hours for TMP and SMZ, respectively, without evidence of adverse effects or drug accumulation. Further studies are needed to refine this dosage regimen and evaluate adverse effects in ill birds.
Collapse
|
5
|
P084 Socioeconomic Outcomes With Ribociclib in Patients With HR+, HER2– Advanced Breast Cancer (ABC) in UK Real-world Settings. Breast 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(23)00201-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
|
6
|
Activity patterns are associated with fractional lifespan, memory, and gait speed in aged dogs. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2588. [PMID: 36788306 PMCID: PMC9929073 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29181-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining an active lifestyle is considered a hallmark of successful aging. Physical activity significantly reduces the risk of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease in humans. However, pain and lack of motivation are important barriers to exercise. Dogs are a remarkable model for translational studies in aging and cognition as they are prone to Canine Cognitive Dysfunction syndrome, which has many similarities with Alzheimer's disease. According to owner reports, changes in activity levels are characteristic of this syndrome, with decreased daytime activity, but also excessive pacing, especially at sleep time. We used physical activity monitors to record the activity of 27 senior dogs and evaluated the association between activity level and age, fractional lifespan, cognitive status measured by an owner questionnaire and cognitive tests. We also assessed the relationship between activity and joint/spinal pain, and the off/on leash gait speed ratio (a potential marker of gait speed reserve and motivation). We found that activity patterns in dogs are associated with fractional lifespan and working memory. Additionally, dogs with higher on/off leash gait speed are more active in the afternoon of weekdays. These results encourage future studies evaluating how physical activity can improve or delay cognitive impairment in senior dogs.
Collapse
|
7
|
Minimally invasive pyeloplasty in adults: A systematic review on stent vs. stentless technique. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01047-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
|
8
|
Correction to: Setting a lived experience agenda for rural suicidality research in Canada. Rural Remote Health 2022; 22:8027. [PMID: 36802682 DOI: 10.22605/rrh8027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
|
9
|
Effects of Intramuscular Alfaxalone and Midazolam Compared With Midazolam and Butorphanol in Rhode Island Red Hens (Gallus gallus domesticus). J Avian Med Surg 2022; 36:287-294. [DOI: 10.1647/20-00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
10
|
Setting a lived experience agenda for rural suicidality research in Canada. Rural Remote Health 2022; 22:7559. [PMID: 36419216 DOI: 10.22605/rrh7559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The perspectives of rural communities, specifically people with lived experience of suicidality and suicide loss in rural places, are often neglected in suicide research. It is critical that rural and remote health researchers acquire a deeper understanding of suicidality in rural Canadian communities for generation of relevant knowledge to better inform the development of suicide prevention, intervention and postvention solutions. This article presents research findings of how rural residents understand their community values, what information gaps they identify in relation to current suicide research, and how research can be mobilized to reach rural communities. METHOD Researchers conducted six virtual focus groups with 47 participants from the Canadian provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, and Newfoundland and Labrador between March and May 2021. All focus groups were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Focus group findings revealed the need for research that recognizes the significance of rural culture, the sense of community experienced and the ways in which they shape rural suicide experiences with associated impacts of suicide. Participatory, community-based action research methods are required to examine the interplay between rural residence, community, and suicide. In addition, the voices of rural people with lived experience of suicide are absent in the research literature. The need exists for qualitative research conducted for the purpose of investigating the lived experience of rural suicidality. CONCLUSION Research participants asked that a lived experience agenda be prioritized to include the voices and stories of rural people, with consideration of rural culture, an aspect of rural suicidality currently not evident in Canadian research literature.
Collapse
|
11
|
Evaluation of a nutritional supplement for the alleviation of pain associated with feline degenerative joint disease: a prospective, randomized, stratified, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Feline Med Surg 2022; 24:962-974. [PMID: 34719996 PMCID: PMC10812307 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x211053484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pain-alleviating and activity-enhancing effects of glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate (Dasuquin) in cats that had degenerative joint disease (DJD) and owner-noted mobility/activity impairment. We hypothesized that the nutritional supplement would produce pain-relieving and activity-enhancing effects in cats with painful DJD. METHODS In this prospective, randomized, stratified, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 59 cats with DJD pain were assigned to receive a placebo (n = 30) or supplement (n = 29) for 6 weeks after 2 weeks of placebo. Outcome measures (at-home accelerometry and client-specific outcome measures [feline (CSOMf); Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index (FMPI); quality of life (QoL)]; and veterinarian examination) were collected at days 14, 28, 42 and 56. RESULTS Twenty-seven cats in the treatment group and 30 in the placebo group completed the trial. Within the first 2 weeks (placebo administration to all cats), 78% of all cats had an improvement in CSOMf scores. Both groups showed significant improvement at most time points in CSOMf, FMPI, QoL and pain scores, with the placebo group showing greater improvement than the supplement group (significant for CSOMf [P = 0.01]). Overall, no differences in activity were seen between the groups. Cumulative distribution function analysis indicated that for most levels of activity, the placebo-treated cats were more active; however, the least active cats were more active on the supplement (P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study showed a strong placebo effect. The glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate supplement did not show pain-relieving effects when compared with placebo.
Collapse
|
12
|
715 Implementation of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) in Total Laryngectomies. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac269.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol for total laryngectomies was first implemented in our tertiary head and neck centre from November 2019. It includes pre-operative carbohydrate loading and an early swallow test which facilitates recommencement of oral intake to improve outcomes. Protocol adherence rate and patient outcomes were measured to determine the effectiveness and benefits of ERAS in laryngectomy patients.
Method
22 total laryngectomy patients from November 2019 to September 2021 were enrolled onto the ERAS protocol, 18 primary and 3 salvage cases. An analysis of the respective patient cohorts was performed to determine adherence to the ERAS protocol and outcomes such as complications and length of inpatient stay were measured.
Results
19 patients (86%) received pre-operative carbohydrate loading successfully, while 3 patients were contraindicated due to background of diabetes. Early swallow test was performed in 59% of patients. Potential reasons for delay were stoma dehiscence or clinical suspicion of neo-pharyngeal leak. 59% of primary cases were deemed medically fit for discharge within the target timeframe of 12–14 days whereas no target was set for salvage cases due to expected poor healing. Main complication in primary cases was neo-pharyngeal leak followed by stoma dehiscence with 28% and 11% respectively.
Conclusion
Limitations of our study include small sample size due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite its infancy, the ERAS protocol has achieved good outcomes in early recommencement of oral intake post-laryngectomy and encouraging early safe discharge from hospital. Future plans include establishment of Prehab Clinic and application of ERAS to neck dissection patients.
Collapse
|
13
|
Having Hard Conversations About Racism Within Nursing Education: A Collaborative Process of Developing an Antiracism Action Plan. J Nurs Educ 2022; 61:461-468. [PMID: 35944195 DOI: 10.3928/01484834-20220602-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple events that occurred in the United States in early 2020 prompted a widespread response to address racism that exists within systemic and social structures. Third-year psychiatric nursing students at a small Western Canadian university answered the call to action by initiating a process to address racism within clinical and educational settings in their faculty. METHODS The researchers used collaborative autoethnography to examine the experience of students and faculty working collaboratively to create a Faculty of Health Studies antiracism action plan. RESULTS The reflections of the student and faculty researchers highlighted three major themes: what inspired the work of creating an antiracism action plan, doing the work, and lessons learned. CONCLUSION Engaging in this research provided an opportunity to critically reflect on the process of students and faculty working together in establishing an antiracism action plan. [J Nurs Educ. 2022;61(8):461-468.].
Collapse
|
14
|
Safety and efficacy of oral mirtazapine in New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). J Exot Pet Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
15
|
An Examination of Inpatient Care of Heart Failure Patients: A Nursing-Led Review. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
16
|
|
17
|
ePS4.10 The principles of the Toyota Production System (TPS) applied to an inpatient food service model can improve nutritional outcomes for children with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(20)30319-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
18
|
|
19
|
Boxing for Parkinson's Disease: Has Implementation Accelerated Beyond Current Evidence? Front Neurol 2019; 10:1222. [PMID: 31866923 PMCID: PMC6904341 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Exercise and physical activity are argued to promote neural plasticity in Parkinson's disease (PD), with potential to slow disease progression. Boxing for PD is rapidly growing in popularity. Objectives: (i) To evaluate evidence on benefits and risks of boxing exercises for people living with PD and (ii) to appraise websites for evidence of global implementation of this intervention. Data Sources: We searched AMED, CINAHL, Cochrane, EMBASE, EMCARE, Health and Medical Collection via ProQuest, MEDLINE, and PEDro electronic databases for the research literature. Websites were also searched for evidence of successful implementation of boxing for PD. Study Selection: Published research and websites were considered if they reported data on adults with PD and boxing as an intervention. Data Extraction: For the literature review, two reviewers independently extracted data on study characteristics and intervention content. Risk of bias was assessed with the PEDro scale and Joanna Briggs Checklist. We conducted a quality appraisal of websites using the QUality Evaluation Scoring Tool (QUEST). Data Synthesis: Two studies, with a total of 37 participants, met the review eligibility criteria for the literature review. Risk of bias was low in these trials. Balance confidence, mobility, and quality of life were reported to improve with community-based boxing training programs delivered in 24–36 sessions over 12 weeks. PD medications were not always documented and some elements of the boxing interventions were incompletely reported against the CERT (Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template). Nine websites advocating boxing programs for PD were also evaluated. The QUEST analysis showed low-level quality, and little scientific evidence verifying findings, despite positive reports. Limitations: In the published literature, findings were limited due to the small number of included studies and participants. Websites were numerous yet often lacked verifiable data. Conclusions: Despite the recent growth in the popularity of boxing for PD and some positive findings, there is limited evidence of efficacy. Risks and disease-specific modifications have not been reported. Safety guidelines and health professional training are key considerations for implementation.
Collapse
|
20
|
Health-related quality of life (HRQL) in a randomized phase III trial of enzalutamide with standard first-line therapy for metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC): ENZAMET (ANZUP 1304), an ANZUP-led, international, co-operative group trial. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz394.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
21
|
Enhanced monocyte recruitment and delayed alternative macrophage polarization accompanies impaired repair following myocardial infarction in C57BL/6 compared to BALB/c mice. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 198:83-93. [PMID: 31119724 PMCID: PMC6718279 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the innate immune response following myocardial infarction (MI) is essential for infarct repair. Preclinical models of MI commonly use C57BL/6 mice, which have a type 1‐dominant immune response, whereas other mouse strains such as BALB/c mice have a type 2‐dominant immune response. We compared C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice to investigate whether predisposition towards a proinflammatory phenotype influences the dynamics of the innate immune response to MI and associated infarct healing and the risk of cardiac rupture. MI was induced by permanent coronary artery ligation in 12–15‐week‐old male wild‐type BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Prior to MI, C57BL/6 mice had a lower proportion of CD206+ anti‐inflammatory macrophages in the heart and an expanded blood pool of proinflammatory Ly6Chigh monocytes in comparison to BALB/c mice. The systemic inflammatory response in C57BL/6 mice following MI was more pronounced, with greater peripheral blood Ly6Chigh monocytosis, splenic Ly6Chigh monocyte mobilization and myeloid cell infiltration of pericardial adipose tissue. This led to an increased and prolonged macrophage accumulation, as well as delayed transition towards anti‐inflammatory macrophage polarization in the infarct zone and surrounding tissues of C57BL/6 mice. These findings accompanied a higher rate of mortality due to cardiac rupture in C57BL/6 mice compared with BALB/c mice. We conclude that lower post‐MI survival of C57BL/6 mice over BALB/c mice is mediated in part by a more pronounced and prolonged inflammatory response. Outcomes in BALB/c mice highlight the therapeutic potential of modulating resolution of the innate immune response following MI for the benefit of successful infarct healing.
Collapse
|
22
|
Trismus with unilateral facial and neck swelling: an unusual case of Sjogren's Syndrome. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.03.748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
23
|
Does the knowledge equate to the competence: a case of an emergency admission following post operative complications after same day implant placement. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.03.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
24
|
Diagnosis of acute myeloid Leukaemia from an emergency referral of facial swelling of suspected dental abscess. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.03.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
25
|
|
26
|
52FEEDBACK INTEGRATED REHABILITATION FOR SIT-TO-STAND TRAINING (FIRST): A PILOT RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL. Age Ageing 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afy127.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
27
|
Junior doctors' perspectives on transfusion education in Australia. Vox Sang 2018; 113:441-448. [PMID: 29740847 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early postgraduate training is a critical period to develop skills and to influence future clinical practice. Little is known about Australian junior doctors' existing transfusion knowledge and its application in patient care. This study explored their transfusion practice education preferences, developed tools to assist their practice and assessed the usefulness of these tools. METHODS A design-based study was conducted in two phases from April 2016 to March 2017. Phase 1 involved focus group sessions in six hospitals. Transcripts of audio recordings were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings were considered when developing transfusion practice support tools. Phase 2 surveyed junior doctors' response to the tools provided during orientation in five hospitals. Participation was voluntary. RESULTS Fifty-two junior doctors participated in the focus groups. Their priority was to be able to practice safely, appropriately and confidently. Preferred format for transfusion learning included expert-led face-to-face education; printed tools, for example lanyard cards; and for one app that covers essential aspects of transfusion practice. Adverse events management and practical transfusion prescribing were topics of most importance. Thirty-nine survey respondents found the transfusion practice support tools useful and recommended their use to complement practice. CONCLUSION There is a need for improved education to ensure best transfusion practice and patient outcomes. Australian junior doctors want immediate, practical, reliable transfusion information from credible sources to support them in practicing safely and confidently. Their educational needs are driven by real-time patient management. Promotion of the available resources and tools provided by the blood sector is important.
Collapse
|
28
|
Replicate Effects and Test–Retest Reliability of Quantitative Sensory Threshold Testing in Dogs with and without Chronic Pain. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1660882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
29
|
Pilot study evaluating the effect of feeding method on overall activity of neutered indoor pet cats. J Vet Behav 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
30
|
|
31
|
|
32
|
Replicate effects and test-retest reliability of quantitative sensory threshold testing in dogs with and without chronic pain. Vet Anaesth Analg 2017; 44:615-624. [PMID: 28528759 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate replicate effects and test-retest reliability of mechanical and thermal quantitative sensory testing (QST) in normal dogs and dogs with osteoarthritis (OA)-associated pain. STUDY DESIGN A prospective clinical study. ANIMALS A total of 54 client owned dogs (OA, n=31; controls, n=23). METHODS Mechanical [electronic von Frey (EVF) and blunt pressure] and thermal (hot and cold) sensory thresholds were obtained in dogs with OA-associated pain and control dogs at two visits, 7 days apart, to assess test-retest reliability. Thresholds were measured at the OA-affected joint (hip or stifle), over the tibial muscle and over the midpoint of the metatarsals. Five replicates were obtained for each modality at each site bilaterally. RESULTS Overall, there was no significant effect of replicates on QST response. EVF thresholds were significantly lower at the second visit in OA dogs at the affected and metatarsal sites (p=0.0017 and p=0.0014, respectively). Similarly for control dogs, EVF thresholds were significantly lower at the second visit at the metatarsal site (p=0.001). Significantly higher hot thermal latencies were seen in OA dogs at the affected and tibial testing sites (p=0.014 and p=0.012, respectively), and in control dogs at the tibial site (p=0.004). CONCLUSIONS In QST, a replicate does not show a strong effect. However, QST results show variability over time, particularly for EVF and hot thermal stimuli. CLINICAL RELEVANCE If QST is to be used clinically to evaluate a sensitized state, the variability over time needs to be accounted for in the study design.
Collapse
|
33
|
Is the swing or stance phase more likely to injure the hamstrings during running? An EMG investigation using a reduced bodyweight (Alter-G®) treadmill. J Sci Med Sport 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.01.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
34
|
OC-0558: Automated VMAT planning in prostate cancer patients using a Single Arc SIB Technique. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)31808-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
35
|
Comparison of thermal and mechanical quantitative sensory testing in client-owned dogs with chronic naturally occurring pain and normal dogs. Vet J 2016; 210:95-7. [PMID: 26831178 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Detecting dogs with central sensitization (CS) secondary to chronic pain is hampered by the current inability to measure this condition. The current study aimed to use quantitative sensory testing (QST) to measure (CS) in normal dogs and dogs with painful degenerative joint disease (DJD). It was hypothesized that QST would differ between these two groups of animals. Mechanical and thermal sensory thresholds obtained in animals with DJD-associated pain on two time points 28 days apart were compared with those of normal dogs. Values of sensory thresholds in DJD dogs obtained 28 days after the first evaluation were significantly lower than the results on the first day of evaluation but no differences were found when these results were compared with those of normal dogs. In conclusion, whether QST is different between dogs with chronic pain and normal dogs needs further investigation using a larger group of animals and age, weight and sex matched groups.
Collapse
|
36
|
Shoe–surface interaction and lower extremity injury in the football codes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sci Med Sport 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2015.12.460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
37
|
Post-mortem prediction of primal and selected retail cut weights of New Zealand lamb from carcass and animal characteristics. Meat Sci 2015; 112:39-45. [PMID: 26519607 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Post-mortem measurements (cold weight, grade and external carcass linear dimensions) as well as live animal data (age, breed, sex) were used to predict ovine primal and retail cut weights for 792 lamb carcases. Significant levels of variance could be explained using these predictors. The predictive power of those measurements on primal and retail cut weights was studied by using the results from principal component analysis and the absolute value of the t-statistics of the linear regression model. High prediction accuracy for primal cut weight was achieved (adjusted R(2) up to 0.95), as well as moderate accuracy for key retail cut weight: tenderloins (adj-R(2)=0.60), loin (adj-R(2)=0.62), French rack (adj-R(2)=0.76) and rump (adj-R(2)=0.75). The carcass cold weight had the best predictive power, with the accuracy increasing by around 10% after including the next three most significant variables.
Collapse
|
38
|
43 Frontal plane knee and pelvis angles during single leg squat and step down tasks do not differ between people with and without chronic ankle instability. Br J Sports Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-095573.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
39
|
Protective effect of advanced age on post-ERCP pancreatitis and unplanned hospitalisation. Intern Med J 2015; 45:1020-5. [DOI: 10.1111/imj.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
40
|
Abnormal anatomy of inferior orbital fissure and herniation of buccal fat pad. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 53:92-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2014.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
41
|
Personal context and childhood experiences affect adult vaccination behaviour. Eur J Public Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cku161.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
42
|
Trust and adult vaccination: what matters the most? Eur J Public Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cku151.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
43
|
The Molecular Profile of Matched Primary Breast Cancer and Resected or Biopsied Brain Metastases. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu329.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
44
|
Abstract
STUDY RATIONALE Clinical trials are frequently hindered by difficulties in recruiting eligible participants, increasing the timeline and limiting generalizability of results. In veterinary medicine, where proxy enrollment is required, no studies have detailed what factors influence owner participation in clinical trials involving cats. We aimed to investigate these factors through a survey of owners at first opinion practices. PROTOCOL The survey was designed using feedback from a pilot study and input from clinical researchers. Owners were asked demographic questions and whether they would, would not, or were unsure about participating in a clinical trial with their cat. They then ranked the importance and influence of various factors on participation using a five-point Likert-type scale, and incentives from most to least encouraging. A total of 413 surveys were distributed to cat owners at four hospitals, two feline-only and two multi-species; 88.6% were completed. Data for importance and influence factors as well as incentive rankings were analyzed overall, and by hospital type, location and whether owners would consider participating. FINDINGS The most influential factors were trust in the organization, benefit to the cat and veterinarian recommendation. Importance and influence factors varied by willingness to participate. Ranked incentives were not significantly different across groups, with 'Free Services' ranked highest. RELEVANCE This study provides a first look at what factors influence participation in clinical trials with cats. Given the importance placed in the recommendation of veterinarians, continued work is needed to determine veterinarian-related factors affecting clinical trial participation. The results provide guidance towards improved clinical trial design, promotion and education.
Collapse
|
45
|
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in the treatment of intraoperatively demonstrated choledocholithiasis. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2014; 96:45-8. [PMID: 24417830 PMCID: PMC5137657 DOI: 10.1308/003588414x13824511650290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and complications of postoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in confirming and treating choledocholithiasis found at intraoperative cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS Patients who had undergone ERCP following a cholecystectomy between 2008 and 2011 with an indication of intraoperative cholangiography findings consistent with choledocholithiasis were identified from a prospectively collected database of a single endoscopist. Deep biliary access rate, confirmation of choledocholithiasis, clearance rate of bile duct stones, delay between cholecystectomy and postoperative ERCP, and the complication rates following the procedure were analysed. RESULTS The median age of the 41 patients (16 male, 25 female) was 42 years (range: 18–82 years). Sixteen surgeons performed the operations with a median delay of 6 days (range: 1–103 days) between cholecystectomy and postoperative ERCP. Common bile duct access was achieved in 100% of the patients, with ERCP taking a median time of 16 minutes (range: 6–40 minutes). Initial ERCP confirmed the presence of a stone in 30 patients (73%) and successful stone removal occurred in 28 of these 30 patients (93%) during the first ERCP and in the remaining 2 on a subsequent ERCP. Following ERCP, two patients (4.9%) experienced extended hospital stays for four and eight days owing to complications, including one patient (2.4%) with mild acute pancreatitis. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that postoperative ERCP is highly effective in both confirming and treating choledocholithiasis. However, there is a significant risk of short-term complications that must be taken into consideration when deciding management.
Collapse
|
46
|
Detection of clinically relevant pain relief in cats with degenerative joint disease associated pain. J Vet Intern Med 2014; 28:346-50. [PMID: 24512390 PMCID: PMC4064787 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Detection of clinically relevant pain relief in cats with degenerative joint disease (DJD) is complicated by a lack of validated outcome measures and a placebo effect. Hypothesis/Objectives To evaluate a novel approach for detection of pain relief in cats with DJD. Animals Fifty‐eight client‐owned cats. Methods Prospective, double‐masked, placebo‐controlled, stratified, randomized, clinical study. Enrolled cats were 6–21 years of age, with owner‐observed mobility impairment, evidence of pain in at least 2 joints during orthopedic examination, and overlapping radiographic evidence of DJD, and underwent a 2‐week baseline period, 3‐week treatment period with placebo or meloxicam, and 3‐week masked washout period. Outcome measures were evaluated at days 0, 15, 36, and 57. Results Both groups significantly improved after the treatment period (day 36) on client‐specific outcome measures (CSOM) and feline musculoskeletal pain index (FMPI) (P < .0001 for both); there was no difference between the groups on CSOM or FMPI score improvement. After the masked washout period, more cats that received meloxicam during the treatment period had a clinically relevant decrease in CSOM score (P = .048) and FMPI score (P = .021) than cats that received placebo. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Using both a client‐specific and a general clinical metrology instrument, owners of cats with DJD were able to detect evident recurrence of clinical signs after withdrawal of active medication than after withdrawal of placebo, and that this study design might be a novel and useful way to circumvent the placebo effect and detect the efficacy of pain‐relieving medications.
Collapse
|
47
|
Phase II trial of docetaxel, cisplatin and 5FU chemotherapy in locally advanced and metastatic penis cancer (CRUK/09/001). Br J Cancer 2013; 109:2554-9. [PMID: 24169355 PMCID: PMC3833214 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Penis cancer is rare and clinical trial evidence on which to base treatment decisions is limited. Case reports suggest that the combination of docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-flurouracil (TPF) is highly active in this disease. METHODS Twenty-nine patients with locally advanced or metastatic squamous carcinoma of the penis were recruited into a single-arm phase II trial from nine UK centres. Up to three cycles of chemotherapy were received (docetaxel 75 mg m(-2) day 1, cisplatin 60 mg m(-2) day 1, 5-flurouracil 750 mg m(-2) per day days 1-5, repeated every 3 weeks). Primary outcome was objective response (assessed by RECIST). Fourteen or more responses in 26 evaluable patients were required to confirm a response rate of 60% or higher (Fleming-A'Hern design), warranting further evaluation. Secondary endpoints included toxicity and survival. RESULTS 10/26 evaluable patients (38.5%, 95% CI: 20.2-59.4) achieved an objective response. Two patients with locally advanced disease achieved radiological complete remission. 65.5% of patients experienced at least one grade 3/4 adverse event. CONCLUSION Docetaxel, cisplatin and 5FU did not reach the pre-determined threshold for further research and caused significant toxicity. Our results do not support the routine use of TPF. The observed complete responses support further investigation of combination chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting.
Collapse
|
48
|
Inaugural Speech Delivered at the Opening of the Conference. Acta Radiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/028418515404100102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
49
|
A daily board round improves communication and discharge planning on an elderly medicine ward. Eur Geriatr Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurger.2013.07.571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
50
|
Increasing the detection rate of congenital heart disease during routine obstetric screening using cine loop sweeps. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2013; 32:973-979. [PMID: 23716518 DOI: 10.7863/ultra.32.6.973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to demonstrate an increase in the detection rate of fetal cardiac defects using 2 cine loop sweeps. METHODS Image reviewers examined a series of 93 cases randomly sorted, including 79 studies with normal findings and 14 studies with abnormal findings. All of the images were assessed by 5 standard criteria. Cases were classified as normal, abnormal, or indeterminate. Reviewers using the conventional approach reviewed 3 still images: the 4-chamber, left ventricular outflow tract, and right ventricular outflow tract views. Reviewers using the cine loop sweeps viewed 2 grayscale sweeps through the fetal heart in real time. The image sequences were reviewed independently by 2 experts, 3 nonexperts, and 2 sonographers blinded to each others' results. RESULTS The cine loop sweeps had an increased detection rate of 38% for the nonexperts and 36% for the experts compared with the conventional approach. The cine loop sweeps allowed identification of all cardiac defects by at least 2 of the 7 reviewers; the percentage of cases with false-positive findings was 3.9%. With the conventional approach, 2 defects went undetected by all reviewers, and 4 defects were found by only 1 reviewer; the percentage of cases with false-positive findings was 5.4%. CONCLUSIONS The use of cine loop sweeps has the potential to increase the detection of fetal cardiac defects without increasing the rate of false-positive findings or increasing the interpretation and decision-making times.
Collapse
|