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Höhmann S, Ihle N, Schmid A, Bühler B. Glycolic acid as an alternative carbon and energy source for redox biocatalysis. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202255380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Höhmann
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Solar Materials Permoserstr. 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - N. Ihle
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Solar Materials Permoserstr. 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - A. Schmid
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Solar Materials Permoserstr. 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - B. Bühler
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Solar Materials Permoserstr. 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
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2
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Höhmann S, Ihle N, Schmid A, Bühler B. Glycolic acid as an alternative carbon and energy source for redox biocatalysis. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202255243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Höhmann
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Solar Materials Permoserstr. 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - N. Ihle
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Solar Materials Permoserstr. 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - A. Schmid
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Solar Materials Permoserstr. 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - B. Bühler
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Solar Materials Permoserstr. 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
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Siebert N, Tüllinghoff A, Bühler B, Karande R. Development of a photosynthetically driven biocatalyst for the conversion of cyclohexane to
ε
‐caprolactone. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202255342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Siebert
- Leipzig University Interfaculty Centre for Bioactive Matter Johannisallee 21–23 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - A. Tüllinghoff
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Solar Materials Permoserstr. 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - B. Bühler
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Solar Materials Permoserstr. 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - R. Karande
- Leipzig University Interfaculty Centre for Bioactive Matter Johannisallee 21–23 04103 Leipzig Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Solar Materials Permoserstr. 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
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Karande R, Hoschek A, Heuschkel I, Schmid A, Bühler B, Bühler K. Cyanobacterial biofilms as light-driven biocatalysts. CHEM-ING-TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201855284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Karande
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung; Solare Materialien; Permoserstraße 50 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - A. Hoschek
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung; Solare Materialien; Permoserstraße 50 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - I. Heuschkel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung; Solare Materialien; Permoserstraße 50 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - A. Schmid
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung; Solare Materialien; Permoserstraße 50 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - B. Bühler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung; Solare Materialien; Permoserstraße 50 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - K. Bühler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung; Solare Materialien; Permoserstraße 50 04318 Leipzig Germany
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Schöni R, Walenga J, Samama M, Harenberg J, Drenth A, le Courvoisier-Flaujac C, Giese C, Rudin K, Bühler B, Wilmer M. EVALUATION OF A NEW FUNCTIONAL CLOTTING ASSAY FOR THE MONITORING OF HEPARIN AND HEPARINOID ANTICOAGULANTS BASED ON THROMBIN AND/OR FACTOR XA INHIBITION WITH CLINICAL PATIENT PLASMAS AT THREE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTERS. J Thromb Haemost 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.tb02429.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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Brandenbusch C, Glonke S, Collins J, Bühler B, Schmid A, Sadowski G. Stable Emulsions in Biphasic Whole-Cell Biocatalysis: The Mechanism of scCO 2-Assisted Phase Separation. CHEM-ING-TECH 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201250744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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7
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Bühler B, Kocalevent R, Berger R, Mahler A, Preiß B, Liwowsky I, Carl P, Hegerl U. Versorgungssituation von Langzeitarbeitslosen mit psychischen Störungen. Nervenarzt 2012; 84:603-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00115-011-3457-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Lindmeyer M, Schmid A, Bühler B. Katalytische Effizienz und Expression von Oxygenasen in Pseudomonaden. CHEM-ING-TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201250173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Escapa IF, García JL, Bühler B, Blank LM, Prieto MA. The polyhydroxyalkanoate metabolism controls carbon and energy spillage in Pseudomonas putida. Environ Microbiol 2012; 14:1049-63. [PMID: 22225632 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02684.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and degradation of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), the storage polymer of many bacteria, is linked to the operation of central carbon metabolism. To rationalize the impact of PHA accumulation on central carbon metabolism of the prototype bacterium Pseudomonas putida, we have revisited PHA production in quantitative physiology experiments in the wild-type strain vs. a PHA negative mutant growing under low nitrogen conditions. When octanoic acid was used as PHA precursor and as carbon and energy source, we have detected higher intracellular flux via acetyl-CoA in the mutant strain than in the wild type, which correlates with the stimulation of the TCA cycle and glyoxylate shunt observed on the transcriptional level. The mutant defective in carbon and energy storage spills the additional resources, releasing CO(2) instead of generating biomass. Hence, P. putida operates the metabolic network to optimally exploit available resources and channels excess carbon and energy to storage via PHA, without compromising growth. These findings demonstrate that the PHA metabolism plays a critical role in synchronizing global metabolism to availability of resources in PHA-producing microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- I F Escapa
- Environmental Biology Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Bühler B, Blank L, Schmid A. Biocatalysis Meets Systems Biotechnology. CHEM-ING-TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201050576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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Blank L, Ebert B, Bühler B, Schmid A. Modellbasierte Performance-Abschätzung von Mikroorganismen für die Redoxbiokatalyse. CHEM-ING-TECH 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200950435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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Julsing M, Kuhn D, Schmid A, Bühler B. Ein Vergleich von ruhenden und wachsenden E. coliZellen für die oxygenasenbasierte Biokatalyse. CHEM-ING-TECH 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200950277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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13
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Berlit P, Bühler B, Krause KH. Grenzzoneninfarkte mit symptomatischer Epilepsie - klinische und elektroenzephalographische Befunde. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1060913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kauderer C, Schreiber H, Lang M, Hofmann W, Elias W, Freidel M, Reifschneider G, Bühler B, Tröger R, Palmbach M, Kornhuber A, De Winter IM. Fronto-temporale Hirnleistungen und Aufmerksamkeit bei Patienten mit schubförmiger MS (RRMS) – Längsschnittbeobachtung nach 2 Jahren. Akt Neurol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-988004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Bühler B, Schmid A. Whole-cell Biocatalysis for the Oxyfunctionalization of Hydrocarbons – Efficiency and Limitations. CHEM-ING-TECH 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200690089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
CCR5 is the chemokine co-receptor for R5-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates most often associated with primary infection. We have developed an HIV-1 self-inactivating vector, CAD-R5, containing a CCR5 single-chain antibody (intrabody) gene, which when expressed in T-cell lines and primary CD4+ T cells disrupts CCR5 cell surface expression and provides protection from R5-tropic isolate exposure. Furthermore, CAD-R5 intrabody expression in primary CD4+ T cells supports significant growth and enrichment over time during HIV-1-pulsed dendritic cell-T-cell interactions. These results indicate that CCR5 intrabody-expressing CD4+ T cells are refractory against this highly efficient primary route of infection. CD34+ cells transduced with the CAD-R5 vector gave rise to CD4+ and CD8+ thymocytes in non-obese diabetic (NOD)/ severely combined-immunodeficient (SCID)-human thymus/liver (hu thy/liv) mice, suggesting that CCR5 intrabody expression can be maintained throughout differentiation without obvious cellular effects. CD4+ T cells isolated from NOD/SCID-hu thy/liv mice were resistant to R5-tropic HIV-1 challenge demonstrating the maintenance of protection. Our findings demonstrate delivery of anti-HIV-1 activity through CCR5 intrabodies in primary CD4+ T cells and CD34+ cell-derived T-cell progeny. Thus, gene delivery strategies that provide a selective survival and growth advantage for T effector cells may provide a therapeutic benefit for HIV-1-infected individuals who have failed conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Swan
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Schreiber H, Lang M, Fischer T, Hofmann W, Elias W, Reifschneider G, Bühler B, Freidel M, Tröger R, Palmbach M, Kornhuber A, De Winter I. Fronto-temporale Hirnfunktionen und Aufmerksamkeit bei Patienten mit schubförmiger MS (RRMS) - eine neuropsychologische Multicenter-Studie. Akt Neurol 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-919593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sadowski-Cron C, Fischer T, Bühler B, Zimmermann H. [What is your diagnosis? Dorsal cortical triquetum fracture]. Praxis (Bern 1994) 2002; 91:151-152. [PMID: 11865772 DOI: 10.1024/0369-8394.91.5.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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19
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Bühler B, Lin YC, Morris G, Olson AJ, Wong CH, Richman DD, Elder JH, Torbett BE. Viral evolution in response to the broad-based retroviral protease inhibitor TL-3. J Virol 2001; 75:9502-8. [PMID: 11533212 PMCID: PMC114517 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.75.19.9502-9508.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TL-3 is a protease inhibitor developed using the feline immunodeficiency virus protease as a model. It has been shown to efficiently inhibit replication of human, simian, and feline immunodeficiency viruses and therefore has broad-based activity. We now demonstrate that TL-3 efficiently inhibits the replication of 6 of 12 isolates with confirmed resistance mutations to known protease inhibitors. To dissect the spectrum of molecular changes in protease and viral properties associated with resistance to TL-3, a panel of chronological in vitro escape variants was generated. We have virologically and biochemically characterized mutants with one (V82A), three (M46I/F53L/V82A), or six (L24I/M46I/F53L/L63P/V77I/V82A) changes in the protease and structurally modeled the protease mutant containing six changes. Virus containing six changes was found to be 17-fold more resistant to TL-3 in cell culture than was wild-type virus but maintained similar in vitro replication kinetics compared to the wild-type virus. Analyses of enzyme activity of protease variants with one, three, and six changes indicated that these enzymes, compared to wild-type protease, retained 40, 47, and 61% activity, respectively. These results suggest that deficient protease enzymatic activity is sufficient for function, and the observed protease restoration might imply a selective advantage, at least in vitro, for increased protease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bühler
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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20
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Tünnemann R, Mehlmann M, Süssmuth RD, Bühler B, Pelzer S, Wohlleben W, Fiedler HP, Wiesmüller KH, Gauglitz G, Jung G. Optical biosensors. Monitoring studies of glycopeptide antibiotic fermentation using white light interference. Anal Chem 2001; 73:4313-8. [PMID: 11569825 DOI: 10.1021/ac010270f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the design, characterization, and use of an optical biosensor suited for the process control of biotechnological processes. The detector principle is based on reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS). RIfS enables a label-free, product-specific monitoring, with a future outline for on-line process control. The potential of the RIfS biosensor is exemplified by the qualitative and quantitative monitoring of the microbial production of vancomycin-type glycopeptide antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tünnemann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Germany
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Abstract
Proteinases converting the zymogen protein C (PC) of vertebrates into activated PC have been detected in several snake venoms. Most PC activators have been purified from venom of snake species belonging to the genera of the Agkistrodon complex. Unlike the physiological, thrombin-catalyzed PC activation reaction which requires thrombomodulin as a cofactor, most snake venom activators directly convert the zymogen PC into the catalytically active form which can easily be determined by means of coagulation or chromogenic substrate techniques. Due to this feature, the fast-acting PC activator Protac from Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix (southern copperhead snake) venom has found a broad application in diagnostic practice for the determination of disorders in the PC pathway. Recently, screening assays for the PC pathway have been introduced, based on the observation that the PC pathway is probably the most important physiological barrier against thrombosis.
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Bühler B, Schmid A, Hauer B, Witholt B. Xylene monooxygenase catalyzes the multistep oxygenation of toluene and pseudocumene to corresponding alcohols, aldehydes, and acids in Escherichia coli JM101. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:10085-92. [PMID: 10744688 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.14.10085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Xylene monooxygenase of Pseudomonas putida mt-2 catalyzes the methylgroup hydroxylation of toluene and xylenes. To investigate the potential of xylene monooxygenase to catalyze multistep oxidations of one methyl group, we tested recombinant Escherichia coli expressing the monooxygenase genes xylM and xylA under the control of the alk regulatory system of Pseudomonas oleovorans Gpo1. Expression of xylene monooxygenase genes could efficiently be controlled by n-octane and dicyclopropylketone. Xylene monooxygenase was found to catalyze the oxygenation of toluene, pseudocumene, the corresponding alcohols, and the corresponding aldehydes. For all three transformations (18)O incorporation provided stong evidence for a monooxygenation type of reaction, with gem-diols as the most likely reaction intermediates during the oxygenation of benzyl alcohols to benzaldehydes. To investigate the role of benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase (XylB) in the formation of benzaldehydes, xylB was cloned behind and expressed in concert with xylMA. In comparison to E. coli expressing only xylMA, the presence of xylB lowered product formation rates and resulted in back formation of benzyl alcohol from benzaldehyde. In P. putida mt-2 XylB may prevent the formation of high concentrations of the particularly reactive benzaldehydes. In the case of high fluxes through the degradation pathways and low aldehyde concentrations, XylB may contribute to benzaldehyde formation via the energetically favorable dehydrogenation of benzyl alcohols. The results presented here characterize XylMA as an enzyme able to catalyze the multistep oxygenation of toluenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bühler
- Institute of Biotechnology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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23
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Steinberger P, Andris-Widhopf J, Bühler B, Torbett BE, Barbas CF. Functional deletion of the CCR5 receptor by intracellular immunization produces cells that are refractory to CCR5-dependent HIV-1 infection and cell fusion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:805-10. [PMID: 10639161 PMCID: PMC15412 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.97.2.805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of naturally occurring polymorphisms of the CCR5 gene have shown that deletion of the functional receptor or reduced expression of the gene can have beneficial effects in preventing HIV-1 infection or delaying disease. Because these polymorphisms are found in otherwise healthy people, strategies that aim to prevent or limit expression of CCR5 should be beneficial in the treatment of HIV-1 disease. To test this approach we have developed a CCR5-specific single-chain antibody that was expressed intracellularly and retained in the endoplasmic reticulum. This CCR5-intrabody efficiently blocked surface expression of human and rhesus CCR5 and thus prevented cellular interactions with CCR5-dependent HIV-1 and simian immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein. Intrabody-expressing cells were shown to be highly refractory to challenge with R5 HIV-1 viruses or infected cells. These results suggest that gene therapy approaches that deliver this intracellular antibody could be of benefit to infected individuals. Because the antibody reacts with a conserved primate epitope on CCR5 this strategy can be tested in nonhuman lentivirus models of HIV-1 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Steinberger
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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24
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Prieto MA, Bühler B, Jung K, Witholt B, Kessler B. PhaF, a polyhydroxyalkanoate-granule-associated protein of Pseudomonas oleovorans GPo1 involved in the regulatory expression system for pha genes. J Bacteriol 1999; 181:858-68. [PMID: 9922249 PMCID: PMC93452 DOI: 10.1128/jb.181.3.858-868.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The phaC1 gene codes for the medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate (mcl PHA) synthase of Pseudomonas oleovorans GPo1, which produces mcl PHA when grown in an excess of carbon source and under nitrogen limitation. In this work, we have demonstrated, by constructing a recombinant P. oleovorans strain carrying a phaC1::lacZ reporter system, that the phaC1 gene is expressed efficiently in the presence of octanoic acid while its expression is repressed when glucose or citrate is used as the carbon source. Moreover, a P. oleovorans GPo1 mutant (strain GPG-Tc6) expressing higher levels of the reporter gene than the wild-type strain in the presence of glucose or citrate has been generated by mini-Tn5 insertional mutagenesis. Characterization of this mutant allowed us to conclude that phaF, a gene located downstream of the pha gene cluster, was knocked out in this strain. P. oleovorans GPG-Tc6 regained the ability to control phaC1 gene expression when complemented with the phaF wild-type gene. Sequencing data revealed the presence of three complete open reading frames (ORFs) in this region: ORF1 and phaI and phaF genes. The amino acid sequences of the phaI gene product and the N-terminal half of the PhaF protein showed a significant degree of similarity. Furthermore, the primary structure of the PhaF C terminus identifies this protein as a member of the histone H1-like group of proteins. Northern blot analysis showed two transcription units containing phaF, i.e., phaF and phaIF transcripts. Expression of the phaIF operon is more efficient in the presence of octanoic acid and is enhanced by the lack of the PhaF protein. In addition, it has also been demonstrated that both PhaF and PhaI proteins are bound to PHA granules produced by P. oleovorans. A model for the role of PhaF in regulating PHA synthesis is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Prieto
- Institute of Biotechnology, ETH Hönggerberg, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Spenger C, Haque NS, Studer L, Evtouchenko L, Wagner B, Bühler B, Lendahl U, Dunnett SB, Seiler RW. Fetal ventral mesencephalon of human and rat origin maintained in vitro and transplanted to 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats gives rise to grafts rich in dopaminergic neurons. Exp Brain Res 1996; 112:47-57. [PMID: 8951406 DOI: 10.1007/bf00227177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Free-floating roller tube cultures of human fetal (embryonic age 6-10 weeks post-conception) and rat fetal (embryonic day 13) ventral mesencephalon were prepared. After 7-15 days in vitro, the mesencephalic tissue cultures were transplanted into the striatum of adult rats that had received unilateral injections of 6-hydroxydopamine into the nigrostriatal bundle 3-5 weeks prior to transplantation. Graft survival was assessed in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunostained serial sections of the grafted brains up to post-transplantation week 4 for the human fetal xenografts and post-transplantation week 11 for the rat fetal allografts. D-amphetamine-induced rotation was monitored up to 10 weeks after transplantation in the allografted animals and compared with that of lesioned-only control animals. All transplanted animals showed large, viable grafts containing TH-immunoreactive (ir) neurons. The density of TH-ir neurons in the human fetal xenografts and in rat fetal allografts was similar. A significant amelioration of the amphetamine-induced rotation was observed in the animals that received cultured tissue allografts. These results promote the feasibility of in vitro maintenance of fetal human and rat nigral tissue prior to transplantation using the free-floating roller tube technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Spenger
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bern, Inselspital, Switzerland
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Studer L, Psylla M, Bühler B, Evtouchenko L, Vouga CM, Leenders KL, Seiler RW, Spenger C. Noninvasive dopamine determination by reversed phase HPLC in the medium of free-floating roller tube cultures of rat fetal ventral mesencephalon: a tool to assess dopaminergic tissue prior to grafting. Brain Res Bull 1996; 41:143-50. [PMID: 8886383 DOI: 10.1016/0361-9230(96)00114-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The low availability of dopamine containing neurons for grafting in Parkinson's disease is a general problem. Free-floating roller tube (FFRT) cultures allow storage of fetal mesencephalic tissue prior to transplantation. Preoperative functional testing permits to select an optimized set of individual cultures for transplantation. Rat fetal ventral mesencephali (E13) were dissected out and divided into four equally sized pieces each and individually prepared as FFRT cultures. After 4, 8, 12, and 16 days in vitro (DIV) the medium of each culture was collected during routine medium change and immediately stabilized. Dopamine was extracted and probes were determined with reversed phase HPLC using electro-chemical detection. After 16 DIV cultures were fixed and cell counts performed in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunostained serial sections. The mean dopamine content +/- SEM In culture conditioned media was at 4 DIV: 21 +/- 2 pg, n = 38; at 8 DIV: 37 +/- 4 pg, n = 40; at 12 DIV: 52 +/- 7 pg, n = 38; and at 16 DIV: 39 +/- 5 pg, n = 38. In all cultures devoid of dopamine after 4 and 8 DIV (12.5%) levels remained below detectability at 12 and 16 DIV. Cultures derived from the rostral mesencephalon showed significantly higher dopamine values than those from the caudal mesencephalon at 12 DIV. The mean number of TH-immunoreactive (-ir) cells/culture +/- SEM after 16 DIV was 556 +/- 51, n = 40. The correlation between TH-ir cell number (CN) and dopamine content of rostrally derived cultures at 16 DIV was: CN = 7.4 (dopamine [pg]) + 248; R = 0.75; n = 19; p < 0.001. No dopamine was present in cultures without TH-ir cells. These results demonstrate that sequential noninvasive screening of dopamine in single cultures is feasible and that the dopamine content is correlated to the number of surviving TH-ir cells. This permits to select cultures rich in dopaminergic neurons for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Studer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bern, Inselspital, Switzerland
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27
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Abstract
The severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mutation affects both coding joint formation during immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor V(D)J recombination and double-strand break repair. We analyzed scid cells for their ability to undergo other types of DNA end joining: nonhomologous and homologous recombination. Using plasmid constructs carrying antibiotic resistance genes, we observed that the efficiency of nonhomologous integration in scid cells was equal to that in wildtype cell lines. In addition, there was no obvious difference in the fidelity of the integration and in the expression of the resistance genes. Moreover, scid cells were able to carry out homologous recombination of extrachromosomal substrates just as well as wildtype cells. These results suggest a mechanistic difference between nonhomologous integration and homologous recombination on the one hand and V(D)J recombination and double-strand break repair on the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bühler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Immunbiologie, Freiburg, Germany
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28
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Abstract
Episomal vectors have been developed which are useful for studying V(D)J recombination both after transient transfections and in stably transfected cells. In contrast to recombination substrates previously described for transient assays, rearrangement of these vectors results in expression of beta-galactosidase which can be visualized directly in the transfected cell, shortening the time required for the assay to 1-2 days instead of 3-4 days. When these substrates are stably integrated into a preB cell line, subclones are found which show no beta-galactosidase staining, although the substrate is properly integrated, transcriptionally active and the transfectants still possess recombinase activity. This finding suggests that, at least in some chromosomal locations, transcription through a locus bearing recombination signal sequences is not sufficient for V(D)J recombination. Using these same vectors, we estimate that the frequency with which V(D)J recombination-negative preB variants arise is less than 10(-4) per generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bühler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Immunbiologie, Freiburg, Germany
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29
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Rapp M, Messerle M, Bühler B, Tannheimer M, Keil GM, Koszinowski UH. Identification of the murine cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B gene and its expression by recombinant vaccinia virus. J Virol 1992; 66:4399-406. [PMID: 1318410 PMCID: PMC241247 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.66.7.4399-4406.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene encoding glycoprotein B (gB) of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) strain Smith was identified, sequenced, and expressed by recombinant vaccinia virus. The gB gene was found adjacent to the polymerase gene, as it is in the genome of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). The open reading frame consists of 2,784 nucleotides capable of encoding a protein of 928 amino acids. Comparison with gB homologs of other herpesviruses revealed a high degree of homology. The similarity between the MCMV gB and the HCMV gB is most prominent, since 45% of the amino acids are identical. In addition, all cysteine residues are at homologous positions, indicating a similar tertiary structure of the two proteins. In contrast to HCMV, the MCMV gB mRNA is a true late transcript. A recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the MCMV gB gene has been constructed (Vac-gB). Antibodies raised against the Vac-gB recombinant precipitated proteins of 130, 105, and 52 kDa from MCMV-infected cells. The identity of the MCMV gB with the major envelope glycoprotein of MCMV described by Loh et al. was shown (L. C. Loh, N. Balachandran, and L. F. Qualtiere, Virology 166:206-216, 1988). Immunization of mice with the Vac-gB recombinant gave rise to neutralizing antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rapp
- Department of Virology, University of Ulm, Germany
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30
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Bühler B, Thalweiser R, Gerber G. Photoionization and fragmentation dynamics of Na3 studied by ion and electron kinetic energy analysis. Chem Phys Lett 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(92)90017-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Messerle M, Bühler B, Keil GM, Koszinowski UH. Structural organization, expression, and functional characterization of the murine cytomegalovirus immediate-early gene 3. J Virol 1992; 66:27-36. [PMID: 1309246 PMCID: PMC238256 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.66.1.27-36.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously defined ie3 as a coding region located downstream of the ie1 gene which gives rise to a 2.75-kb immediate-early (IE) transcript. Here we describe the structural organization of the ie3 gene, the amino acid sequence of the gene product, and some of the functional properties of the protein. The 2.75-kb ie3 mRNA is generated by splicing and is composed of four exons. The first three exons, of 300, 111, and 191 nucleotides (nt), are shared with the ie1 mRNA and are spliced to exon 5, which is located downstream of the fourth exon used by the ie1 mRNA. Exon 5 starts 28 nt downstream of the 3' end of the ie1 mRNA and has a length of 1,701 nt. The IE3 protein contains 611 amino acids, the first 99 of which are shared with the ie1 product pp89. The IE3 protein expressed at IE times has a relative mobility of 88 kDa in gels, and a mobility shift to 90 kDa during the early phase is indicative of posttranslational modification. Sequence comparison reveals significant homology of the exon 5-encoded amino acid sequence with the respective sequence of UL 122, a component of the IE1-IE2 complex of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). This homology is also apparent at the functional level. The IE3 protein is a strong transcriptional activator of the murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) e1 promoter and shows an autoregulatory function by repression of the MCMV ie1/ie3 promoter. The high degree of conservation between the MCMV ie3 and HCMV IE2 genes and their products with regard to gene structure, amino acid sequence, and protein functions suggests that these genes play a comparable role in the transcriptional control of the two cytomegaloviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Messerle
- Department of Virology, University of Ulm, Germany
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32
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Abstract
During B cell differentiation rearrangement of immunoglobulin (Ig) genes is partially regulated by the Ig proteins. Rearrangement of heavy (H) chain genes is inhibited, whilst that of light (L) chain genes is induced by the membrane form of the mu H chain. In order to analyse additional structural requirements of mu induced L chain gene rearrangement we transfected wild-type mu and mutant mu constructs lacking functional exons encoding the first or second constant domains into Abelson murine leukemia virus (AMuLV) transformed pre-B cells. All mu chains are expressed on the surface of the pre-B cell and all associate with omega and iota, two proteins forming a surrogate light chain, necessary for mu membrane expression. Nevertheless, only wild-type mu and not the mutant mu proteins promote L gene rearrangement. A heterodimer of proteins with Mr of 33 kd and 36 kd was found associated with wild-type but not with the mutant mu proteins. Continuous presence of mu is required for L chain gene recombination since loss of mu stopped and readdition of mu started L gene rearrangement. We propose that the protein complex composed of mu and the 33 kd/36 kd protein heterodimer is responsible for the activation of the L chain gene locus and its rearrangement.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blotting, Northern
- Blotting, Southern
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
- DNA/genetics
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Flow Cytometry
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Heavy Chain/genetics
- Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Light Chain/genetics
- Immunoglobulin Light Chains
- Immunoglobulin Light Chains, Surrogate
- Immunoglobulin mu-Chains/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Mutation
- RNA/analysis
- Recombination, Genetic
- Restriction Mapping
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- A Iglesias
- Max-Planck-Institut für Immunbiologie, Freiburg, FRG
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33
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Münch K, Bühler B, Messerle M, Koszinowski UH. The core histone-binding region of the murine cytomegalovirus 89K immediate early protein. J Gen Virol 1991; 72 ( Pt 8):1967-74. [PMID: 1651989 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-72-8-1967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene regulatory immediate early protein, pp89, of murine cytomegalovirus interacts with both DNA-associated and isolated histones in vitro. We characterized the histone-binding region of pp89 and its cellular localization during cell division to examine the possible interaction between pp89 and chromatin. pp89 expressed constitutively in cell line BALB/c 3T3 IE1 does not interact with condensed chromatin. As observed in infected cells, pp89 is localized within the nucleus of cells during interphase but spreads throughout the cell plasma following degradation of the nuclear membrane during early mitosis. In late telophase, pp89 is reorganized within the nucleus. Analysis of pp89 deletion mutants and of fragments generated by cleavage at pH 2.5 revealed that the regions responsible for association with histone are located between amino acids 71 and 415, and are not identical with the domain that shows homology to histone H2B or the highly acidic carboxy-terminal region. A potential gene-activating role of the high affinity of pp89 for isolated histones and the low affinity for DNA-associated histones is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Münch
- Department of Virology, University of Ulm, Germany
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34
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Rzany B, Przybilla B, Jarisch R, Aberer W, Dietschi R, Wüthrich B, Bühler B, Frosch P, Rakoski J, Kiehn H. Clinical characteristics of patients with repeated systemic reactions during specific immunotherapy with hymenoptera venoms. A retrospective study. Allergy 1991; 46:251-4. [PMID: 1897686 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00582.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In general, specific immunotherapy with hymenoptera venoms can be considered as safe, but occasionally there are patients who cannot reach the maintenance dose due to repeated systemic reactions (RSR) or who suffer from RSR during maintenance therapy. In a multicenter retrospective study comprising seven departments in Germany, Austria and Switzerland 23 patients with RSR were reported from approximately 3000 patients treated with hymenoptera venoms (bee and wasp venom to approximately equivalent frequency). From these, 22 were allergic to bee venom and only one to vespid venom. In general the clinical symptoms of RSR were milder than the initial reaction. But 4/23 (18%) exhibited cardiovascular reactions up to full shock. Neither anamnestic details, reactivity in skin tests or in vitro tests revealed a special pattern of patients with RSR. In some patients, however, an extremely high reactivity in the skin test was found and may indicate the possibility of further RSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rzany
- I. Universitäts-Hautklinik Wien
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35
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of symptoms and signs of acute mountain sickness of the Swiss Alps. DESIGN A study using an interview and clinical examination in a representative population of mountaineers. Positive symptoms and signs were assigned scores to quantify the severity of acute mountain sickness. SETTING Four huts in the Swiss Alps at 2850 m, 3050 m, 3650 m, and 4559 m. SUBJECTS 466 Climbers, mostly recreational: 47 at 2850 m, 128 at 3050 m, 82 at 3650, and 209 at 4559 m. RESULTS In all, 117 of the subjects were entirely free of symptoms and clinical signs of acute mountain sickness; 191 had one or two symptoms and signs; and 158 had more than two. Those with more than two symptoms and signs were defined as suffering from acute mountain sickness. At 4559 m 11 climbers presented with high altitude pulmonary oedema or cerebral oedema, or both. Men and women were equally affected. The prevalence of acute mountain sickness correlated with altitude: it was 9% at 2850 m, 13% at 3050 m, 34% at 3650 m, and 53% at 4559 m. The most frequent symptoms and signs were insomnia, headache, peripheral oedema, and scanty pulmonary rales. Severe headache, vomiting, dizziness, tachypnoea, and pronounced pulmonary rales were associated with other symptoms and signs and therefore characteristic of acute mountain sickness. CONCLUSION Acute mountain sickness is not an uncommon disease at moderately high altitude--that is, above 2800 m. Severe headache, vomiting, dizziness, tachypnoea, and pronounced pulmonary rales indicate severe acute mountain sickness, and subjects who suffer these should immediately descend to lower altitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Maggiorini
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital Zürich
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36
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Bühler B, Keil GM, Weiland F, Koszinowski UH. Characterization of the murine cytomegalovirus early transcription unit e1 that is induced by immediate-early proteins. J Virol 1990; 64:1907-19. [PMID: 2157860 PMCID: PMC249344 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.64.5.1907-1919.1990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of murine cytomegalovirus early (E) gene expression was studied in the cell line B25, which is stably transfected with the immediate-early ie1/ie3 gene complex. Infection of B25 cells in the presence of the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide resulted in the expression of some E genes, whereas for the expression of other E genes prior protein synthesis was still mandatory, thus showing differences in the expression requirements of individual E genes. Transcription unit e1, a member of the E genes induced by immediate-early products of the ie1/ie3 gene complex, was characterized. It is located between map units 0.709 and 0.721 of the genome of murine cytomegalovirus strain Smith. A 2.6-kilobase RNA specified in this region is spliced from three exons of 912, 177, and 1,007 or 1,020 nucleotides, which are separated by introns of 93 and 326 nucleotides. The second AUG located in the first exon 119 nucleotides downstream of the 5' cap site is followed by an open reading frame of 990 nucleotides. The predicted polypeptide of 330 amino acids has a calculated molecular mass of 36.4 kilodaltons. Transfection with e1 revealed three antigenically related proteins of 36, 37, and 38 kilodaltons; these proteins probably represent differently modified forms of the predicted protein. These three proteins are phosphorylated and are associated with intranuclear inclusion bodies. A 33-kilodalton protein also derived from e1 was identified as a product of nonspliced transcripts. Comparison of amino acid sequences revealed homology between the murine cytomegalovirus transcription unit e1 and a human cytomegalovirus E transcription unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bühler
- Department of Virology, University of Ulm, Federal Republic of Germany
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37
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Baumert T, Bühler B, Thalweiser R, Gerber G. Femtosecond spectroscopy of molecular autoionization and fragmentation. Phys Rev Lett 1990; 64:733-736. [PMID: 10042064 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.64.733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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38
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Abstract
In a retrospective study the CT scans of 138 patients with the clinical diagnosis of SAH were reviewed. CT was highly sensitive in detecting blood in the CSF spaces during the 3 days following SAH, with decreasing accuracy correlated to the time interval between SAH and CT examination. Clinical state on admission and CT findings were closely related, as were the localisation of detectable blood and the site of source of bleeding. Whereas blood clots in the basal cisterns, above the convexities, and intracerebrally, as well as the finding of a brain oedema, were significantly correlated to the time of survival, hydrocephalus and ventricular haemorrhage had no bearing on the survival time.
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39
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Bühler B, Berlit P, Gretz N. [Polyneuropathy and myopathy in oxalosis]. Nervenarzt 1988; 59:422-5. [PMID: 3043242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B Bühler
- Neurologische Klinik, Universität Heidelberg
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40
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Berlit P, Johann A, Bühler B. Klinik und Therapie der Kohlenmonoxidvergiftung - Ein kasuistischer Beitrag. Akt Neurol 1988. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1020626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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41
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Koszinowski UH, Reddehase MJ, Keil GM, Volkmer H, Jonjic S, Messerle M, del Val M, Mutter W, Münch K, Bühler B. Molecular analysis of herpesviral gene products recognized by protective cytolytic T lymphocytes. Immunol Lett 1987; 16:185-92. [PMID: 2832318 DOI: 10.1016/0165-2478(87)90146-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The infection of the mouse with murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) served as a model system to understand the biology of human CMV infection. The contribution of cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) to the recovery from infection was studied. Protection against lethal MCMV disease could be conferred on immunodepleted hosts by adoptive transfer of lymphocytes. The antiviral effect was mediated by specifically sensitized T lymphocytes of the CD8+ subset. These cells limited viral spread, prevented tissue destruction by viral cytopathic effects, and protected from lethal disease. Transferred cells have protective therapeutic function even when the virus has already colonized host tissues. CD8+ cells do not require the contribution of CD4+ cells for in vivo function. Selective expression of immediate-early (IE) phase genes in target cells allowed the detection of the immunodominant IE antigen recognized by CTL. The major IE gene ieI encodes a non-structural viral phosphoprotein, pp89, which resides in the nucleus of infected cells where it acts as transcriptional regulator. Expression of gene ieI is under temporal control, and membrane presentation of the protein domain detected by CTL is down-regulated by MCMV early-phase products. A recombinant vaccinia virus expressing gene ieI induced immunity that protected mice against a subsequent challenge with a lethal dose of MCMV. The protective effect was entirely mediated by CD8+ T lymphocytes. Thus, an experimental vaccine expressing a single nonstructural herpesvirus protein can induce a protective cellular immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- U H Koszinowski
- Dept. of Microbiology, Bundesforschungsanstalt für Viruskrankheiten der Tiere, Tübingen, F.R.G
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42
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Berlit P, Bühler B, Krause KH. [Borderline infarcts with symptomatic epilepsy--clinical and electroencephalographic findings]. EEG EMG Z Elektroenzephalogr Elektromyogr Verwandte Geb 1987; 18:131-4. [PMID: 3115755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In 6 patients with repeating seizures early after stroke periodic lateralizing epileptiform discharges were detected in EEG. Computed tomography scans showed border-zone infarctions including the territories of the middle and the posterior cerebral artery in four patients; sonographic and angiographic findings were suspicious of embolic stroke in five cases. Seizures and EEG-discharges resolved during a short term treatment with anticonvulsants. In contrast to cerebral infarctions of other regions with comparable EEG-changes long term treatment was necessary in none of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Berlit
- Neurologische Kliniken, Mannheim
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43
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Bühler B, Berlit P, Bode H, Huck K, Palitzsch KD. [Hyponatremia due to water intoxication]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1987; 112:781-2. [PMID: 3582191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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44
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Bühler B, Drumm H, Mohr H. Investigations on the role of ethylene in phytochrome-mediated photomorphogenesis : I. Anthocyanin Synthesis. Planta 1978; 142:109-117. [PMID: 24408006 DOI: 10.1007/bf00385128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/1978] [Accepted: 05/23/1978] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The etiolating, intact mustard (Sinapis alba L.) seedling exhibits a distinct temporal pattern of ethylene production. Light, operating through phytochrome, increases the rate of ethylene production without changing the pattern. Ethylene production of the isolated plant parts (segments), added together, exceed the production of the intact system even if the wound effect is taken into account. There is no significant light effect on ethylene production of the segments. Phytochrome-mediated anthocyanin synthesis in the cotyledons is inhibited by ethylene. The responsiveness towards ethylene of the anthocyanin producing metabolic chain is decreased by phytochrome. As anthocyanin synthesis is only partly inhibited under saturating ethylene concentrations in the atmosphere around the seedlings (100 μl l(-1)), a twofactor analysis becomes feasible. This analysis leads to the result that phytochrome and ethylene show multiplicative behavior, meaning that phytochrome and ethylene act on the same metabolic sequence (leading to anthocyanin) but independently of each other, and at different sites. Therefore, the hypothesis that ethylene mediates the action of phytochrome in anthocyanin synthesis and photomorphogenesis in general appears to be inapplicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bühler
- Biologisches Institut II, Universität Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, D-7800, Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany
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45
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Bühler B, Drumm H, Mohr H. Investigations on the role of ethylene in phytochrome-mediated photomorphogenesis : II. Enzyme levels and chlorophyll synthesis. Planta 1978; 142:119-22. [PMID: 24408007 DOI: 10.1007/bf00385129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/1978] [Accepted: 05/23/1978] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The concept (Burg, 1973) that ethylene mediates the action of phytochrome in seedling photomorphogenesis was tested in the intact mustard (Sinapis alba L.) seedling. The effect of exogenous ethylene (100 μl l(-1)) on five distinct, phytochrome-mediated photoresponses of the cotyledons was investigated. It was found that anthocyanin contents (see Bühler et al., 1978) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase levels (EC 4.3.1.5) are strongly reduced by ethylene while the capacity of chlorophyll synthesis is considerably enhanced. Levels of glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2) and pools of photoconvertible protochlorophyll(ide) are unaffected by ethylene. It is concluded that these findings are incompatible with the idea that ethylene plays the role of a mediator in phytochrome-induced photomorphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bühler
- Biologisches Institut II, Universität Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, D-7800, Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany
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46
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Bürkle G, Bühler B, Dietz J, Bürkle V. [Bleomycin -induced changes in cytokinesis of the mucosa of the small intestine (author's transl)]. Virchows Arch A Pathol Pathol Anat 1973; 360:209-22. [PMID: 4127115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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47
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Interlandi S, Bühler B. [Evaluation of "facial growth tendency (Tweed)" in patients registered in the post-graduate course of the F.O.U.S.P. (SP)]. Ortodontia 1968; 1:61-4. [PMID: 5256760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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