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Espí IM, Soriano J, Barrios L, Ibáñez E, Nogués C. Photochemical internalization to release microparticles entrapped in lysosomes. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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2
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Soriano J, Mora-Espí I, Alea M, Pérez-Gàrcia L, Barrios L, Ibáñez E, Nogués C. Cell death mechanisms in tumoral and non-tumoral human breast epithelial cell lines triggered by Na-H 2 TCPP or Na-ZnTCPP photodynamic treatments: Apoptosis, necrosis and parthanatos. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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3
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Soriano J, Mora-Espí I, Alea-Reyes ME, Pérez-García L, Barrios L, Ibáñez E, Nogués C. Cell Death Mechanisms in Tumoral and Non-Tumoral Human Cell Lines Triggered by Photodynamic Treatments: Apoptosis, Necrosis and Parthanatos. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41340. [PMID: 28112275 PMCID: PMC5256096 DOI: 10.1038/srep41340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death triggered by photodynamic therapy can occur through different mechanisms: apoptosis, necrosis or autophagy. However, recent studies have demonstrated the existence of other mechanisms with characteristics of both necrosis and apoptosis. These new cell death pathways, collectively termed regulated necrosis, include a variety of processes triggered by different stimuli. In this study, we evaluated the cell death mechanism induced by photodynamic treatments with two photosensitizers, meso-tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin sodium salt (Na-H2TCPP) and its zinc derivative Na-ZnTCPP, in two human breast epithelial cell lines, a non-tumoral (MCF-10A) and a tumoral one (SKBR-3). Viability assays showed that photodynamic treatments with both photosensitizers induced a reduction in cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner and no dark toxicity was observed. The cell death mechanisms triggered were evaluated by several assays and cell line-dependent results were found. Most SKBR-3 cells died by either necrosis or apoptosis. By contrast, in MCF-10A cells, necrotic cells and another cell population with characteristics of both necrosis and apoptosis were predominant. In this latter population, cell death was PARP-dependent and translocation of AIF to the nucleus was observed in some cells. These characteristics are related with parthanatos, being the first evidence of this type of regulated necrosis in the field of photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Soriano
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Mora-Espí
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - M E Alea-Reyes
- Departament de Farmacologia, toxicologia i Química Terapèutica and Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Pérez-García
- Departament de Farmacologia, toxicologia i Química Terapèutica and Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Barrios
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Ibáñez
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Nogués
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Durán S, Novo S, Duch M, Gómez-Martínez R, Fernández-Regúlez M, San Paulo A, Nogués C, Esteve J, Ibañez E, Plaza JA. Silicon-nanowire based attachment of silicon chips for mouse embryo labelling. Lab Chip 2015; 15:1508-1514. [PMID: 25609565 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc01299b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The adhesion of small silicon chips to cells has many potential applications as direct interconnection of the cells to the external world can be accomplished. Hence, although some typical applications of silicon nanowires integrated into microsystems are focused on achieving a cell-on-a-chip strategy, we are interested in obtaining chip-on-a-cell systems. This paper reports the design, technological development and characterization of polysilicon barcodes featuring silicon nanowires as nanoscale attachment to identify and track living mouse embryos during their in vitro development. The chips are attached to the outer surface of the Zona Pellucida, the cover that surrounds oocytes and embryos, to avoid the direct contact between the chip and the embryo cell membrane. Two attachment methodologies, rolling and pushpin, which allow two entirely different levels of applied forces to attach the chips to living embryos, are evaluated. The former consists of rolling the mouse embryos over one barcode with the silicon nanowires facing upwards, while in the latter, the barcode is pushed against the embryo with a micropipette. The effect on in vitro embryo development and the retention rate related to the calculated applied forces are stated. Field emission scanning electron microscopy inspection, which allowed high-resolution imaging, also confirms the physical attachment of the nanowires with some of them piercing or wrapped by the Zona Pellucida and revealed extraordinary bent silicon nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Durán
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain.
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Moore CJ, Montón H, O'Kennedy R, Williams DE, Nogués C, Crean (née Lynam) C, Gubala V. Controlling colloidal stability of silica nanoparticles during bioconjugation reactions with proteins and improving their longer-term stability, handling and storage. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:2043-2055. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01915f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Robust protocols for antibody-nanoparticle (Ab-NP) conjugation, and improved method for long-term stability and storage of Ab-NPs using cryoprotectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. J. Moore
- Medway School of Pharmacy
- Universities of Kent and Greenwich
- Chatham
- UK
| | - H. Montón
- Departament de Biologia Ceŀlular
- Fisiologia i Immunologia
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- Bellaterra
- Spain
| | - R. O'Kennedy
- National Centre for Sensor Research
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute
- Dublin City University
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
| | - D. E. Williams
- National Centre for Sensor Research
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute
- Dublin City University
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
| | - C. Nogués
- Departament de Biologia Ceŀlular
- Fisiologia i Immunologia
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- Bellaterra
- Spain
| | | | - V. Gubala
- Medway School of Pharmacy
- Universities of Kent and Greenwich
- Chatham
- UK
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Hynowska A, Blanquer A, Pellicer E, Fornell J, Suriñach S, Baró MD, Gebert A, Calin M, Eckert J, Nogués C, Ibáñez E, Barrios L, Sort J. Nanostructured Ti-Zr-Pd-Si-(Nb) bulk metallic composites: Novel biocompatible materials with superior mechanical strength and elastic recovery. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2014; 103:1569-79. [PMID: 25533018 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The microstructure, mechanical behaviour, and biocompatibility (cell culture, morphology, and cell adhesion) of nanostructured Ti45 Zr15 Pd35- x Si5 Nbx with x = 0, 5 (at. %) alloys, synthesized by arc melting and subsequent Cu mould suction casting, in the form of rods with 3 mm in diameter, are investigated. Both Ti-Zr-Pd-Si-(Nb) materials show a multi-phase (composite-like) microstructure. The main phase is cubic β-Ti phase (Im3m) but hexagonal α-Ti (P63/mmc), cubic TiPd (Pm3m), cubic PdZr (Fm3m), and hexagonal (Ti, Zr)5 Si3 (P63/mmc) phases are also present. Nanoindentation experiments show that the Ti45 Zr15 Pd30 Si5 Nb5 sample exhibits lower Young's modulus than Ti45 Zr15 Pd35 Si5 . Conversely, Ti45 Zr15 Pd35 Si5 is mechanically harder. Actually, both alloys exhibit larger values of hardness when compared with commercial Ti-40Nb, (HTi-Zr-Pd-Si ≈ 14 GPa, HTi-Zr-Pd-Si-Nb ≈ 10 GPa and HTi-40Nb ≈ 2.7 GPa). Concerning the biological behaviour, preliminary results of cell viability performed on several Ti-Zr-Pd-Si-(Nb) discs indicate that the number of live cells is superior to 94% in both cases. The studied Ti-Zr-Pd-Si-(Nb) bulk metallic system is thus interesting for biomedical applications because of the outstanding mechanical properties (relatively low Young's modulus combined with large hardness), together with the excellent biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hynowska
- Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, E-08193, Spain
| | - A Blanquer
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, E-08193, Spain
| | - E Pellicer
- Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, E-08193, Spain
| | - J Fornell
- Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, E-08193, Spain
| | - S Suriñach
- Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, E-08193, Spain
| | - M D Baró
- Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, E-08193, Spain
| | - A Gebert
- IFW Dresden, Institute for Complex Materials, P.O. Box 270116, Dresden, D-01171, Germany
| | - M Calin
- IFW Dresden, Institute for Complex Materials, P.O. Box 270116, Dresden, D-01171, Germany
| | - J Eckert
- IFW Dresden, Institute for Complex Materials, P.O. Box 270116, Dresden, D-01171, Germany.,TU Dresden, Institute of Materials Science, Dresden, D-01062, Germany
| | - C Nogués
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, E-08193, Spain
| | - E Ibáñez
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, E-08193, Spain
| | - L Barrios
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, E-08193, Spain
| | - J Sort
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA) and Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, E-08193, Spain
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Blanquer A, Pellicer E, Hynowska A, Barrios L, Ibáñez E, Baró MD, Sort J, Nogués C. In vitro biocompatibility assessment of Ti40Cu38Zr10Pd12 bulk metallic glass. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2014; 25:163-172. [PMID: 24022801 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-013-5041-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The use of biocompatible materials has attained an increasing importance for tissue regeneration and transplantation. The excellent mechanical and corrosion properties of Ti40Cu38Zr10Pd12 bulk metallic glass (BMG) turn it into a potential candidate for its use in orthopaedic implants. Before being considered as a biomaterial, some biological parameters must be taken into account. In this study,mouse preosteoblasts were cultured in the presence or absence of the alloy at different times (24 h, 7 and 21 days) and no differences in cell viability were detected.Moreover, cells were able to adhere to the alloy surface by establishing focal contacts, and displayed a flattened polygonal morphology. After 14 days in culture, differentiation into osteoblasts was observed. Besides, the amount of Cu ions released and their potential toxic effects were analyzed, showing that the amount of Cu released did not increase cell death. Finally, the low levels of inflammatory cytokines secreted by THP-1 differentiated macrophages exposed to the alloy suggest the absence of an immunogenic response to the alloy. In conclusion, in vitro studies indicate that the Ti40Cu38Zr10Pd12 BMG could be considered as a biomaterial to be used in orthopaedic implants.
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Novo S, Morató R, Penon O, Duran S, Barrios L, Nogués C, Gómez-Martínez R, Pérez-García L, Plaza JA, Ibáñez E, Mogas T. 142 ZONA PELLUCIDA TAGGING WITH BARCODES ALLOWS THE TRACEABILITY OF BOVINE EMBRYOS CULTURED IN GROUP. Reprod Fertil Dev 2013. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv25n1ab142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The low number of oocytes collected from unstimulated donors by ovum pick-up means that embryos produced from each female have to be cultured in very small groups. Because embryo quality and development rates are reduced in individual and small group culture, several methods to culture embryos individually but sharing the same medium have been designed. However, these systems prevent embryo movements, interfering with paracrine factors transmission and gradient changes. Here, we present an alternative in vitro culture method to allow the co-culture of embryos from different origins, without movement restriction and preserving their pedigree, by labelling the zygotes with polysilicon barcodes attached to the outer surface of the zona pellucida (ZP). Barcodes (10 × 6 × 1 µm) with 8 rectangular bits of binary codification (256 possible combinations), which can be read under a standard inverted microscope, were fabricated using silicon microtechnologies. To provide the barcodes with a ZP-binding capacity, they were biofunctionalized by self-assembled monolayers with the wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) lectin, which recognizes specific saccharides highly abundant in the ZP of most mammalian species. As a proof of concept, the culture method was tested on bovine zygotes produced from slaughterhouse-derived cow oocytes matured and fertilized in vitro. Using a mouth-controlled pipette, presumptive zygotes were individually rolled over WGA-biofunctionalized barcodes (8 barcodes/embryo) previously placed at the bottom of a drop of manipulation media. Four different barcodes, each one with a different codification, were used to encode 25 embryos (6–7 embryos/barcode codification), which were then cultured together in the same drop of medium. Day 7 (D7) and Day 8 (D8) blastocyst, and barcode retention rates were assessed. In addition, D7 expanded blastocysts were vitrified by the cryotop method and post-warming survival was determined as re-expansion rate at 24 h in culture. Finally, the quality of D8 blastocysts was assessed by differential staining and counting of inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) cells. In all the experiments, a control group without barcodes was cultured and vitrified-warmed. Data were analyzed by chi-square and Mann–Whitney tests. The presence of barcodes attached to the ZP did not affect in vitro embryo development (D8 blastocysts: 29.7% control n = 309, 36.2% encoded n = 315), post-warming survival (86.4% control n = 66, 80.5% encoded n = 82), or blastocyst quality (IMC/TE: 22.1 ± 1.4/64.5 ± 5.7 control n = 18, 22.2 ± 1.7/64.1 ± 6.1 encoded n = 23). The labelling system was effective until D8 of culture, as all the embryos maintained barcodes attached (4 ± 1.8 barcodes/embryo) and could be identified, even after undergoing vitrification and warming. In conclusion, identification of co-cultured embryos by biofunctionalized barcodes attached to the ZP is feasible and will allow to culture embryos from different donors in the same drop, keeping the benefits of collective culture.
Support was provided by Spanish MEC (TEC2011-29140-C03; RZ2010-00015-0-00; AGL2010-19069), Generalitat Catalunya (2009 SGR 282 and 621), and PIF-UAB Fellowship.
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Pellicer E, González S, Blanquer A, Suriñach S, Baró M, Barrios L, Ibáñez E, Nogués C, Sort J. On the biodegradability, mechanical behavior, and cytocompatibility of amorphous Mg72Zn23Ca5and crystalline Mg70Zn23Ca5Pd2alloys as temporary implant materials. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 101:502-17. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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González S, Pellicer E, Fornell J, Blanquer A, Barrios L, Ibáñez E, Solsona P, Suriñach S, Baró M, Nogués C, Sort J. Improved mechanical performance and delayed corrosion phenomena in biodegradable Mg–Zn–Ca alloys through Pd-alloying. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2012; 6:53-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2011.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Revised: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 09/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Fernández-Rosas E, Baldi A, Ibañez E, Barrios L, Novo S, Esteve J, Plaza JA, Duch M, Gómez R, Castell O, Nogués C, Fernández-Sánchez C. Chemical functionalization of polysilicon microparticles for single-cell studies. Langmuir 2011; 27:8302-8308. [PMID: 21661741 DOI: 10.1021/la200857x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this work, two types of polycrystalline silicon (polysilicon) microparticles were modified with specific ligands in order to be selectively attached to chemical residues located at the plasma membrane and thus to be applied to study individual cells in culture. Two different functionalization approaches based on adsorption and covalent attachment were assayed. A comparative study of the efficiency of the ligand immobilization and stability of the modified particle in the culture medium was carried out using the selected ligands labeled with a fluorophore. Cylindrical microparticles (nonencoded microparticles) and shape-encoded microparticles (bar codes) were used with the aim of demonstrating the nondependence of the particle size and shape on the efficiency of the immobilization protocol. Fluorescence imaging and statistical analysis of the recorded fluorescence intensity showed that the covalent attachment of the ligand to the surface of the microparticle, previously modified with an aldehyde-terminated silane, gave the best results. As a proof of concept, Vero cells in culture were labeled with the covalently modified bar codes and successfully tracked for up to 1 week without observing any alteration in the viability of the cells. Bar code numbers could be easily read by eye using a bright-field optical microscope. It is anticipated that such modified microparticles could be feasible platforms for the introduction of other analytical functions of interest in single-cell monitoring and cell sorting in automatic analysis systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fernández-Rosas
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Campo EM, Lopez-Martinez MJ, Fernández-Rosas E, Barrios L, Ibáñez E, Nogués C, Esteve J, Plaza JA. Focus ion beam micromachined glass pipettes for cell microinjection. Biomed Microdevices 2010; 12:311-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s10544-009-9386-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Martínez-Pasarell O, Templado C, Egozcue J, Vicens-Calvet E, Nogués C. PCR protocol to detect parental origin and hidden mosaicism inSex chromosome aneuploidies. Horm Res 2001; 51:248-52. [PMID: 10559670 DOI: 10.1159/000023379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report an accurate method to determine the parental origin of sex chromosome aneuploidies or polyploidies and to detect low percentage mosaicisms. We have amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) five polymorphic markers along the X chromosome (DXS1283E, DYS II, DMD49, AR and DXS52) and three markers along the Y chromosome (SRY, DYZ3 and DYZ1). False-negative results were discarded by the simultaneous amplification of Y markers and of internal controls. We have applied this protocol to a series of 14 Turner syndrome patients with a 45,X karyotype. We have detected sex chromosome mosaicisms in two patients. The parental origin of the syndrome has been determined in the other 12 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Martínez-Pasarell
- Dept. de Biologia Cellular i Fisiologia, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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14
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Soares SR, Vidal F, Bosch M, Martínez-Pasarell O, Nogués C, Egozcue J, Templado C. Acrocentric chromosome disomy is increased in spermatozoa from fathers of Turner syndrome patients. Hum Genet 2001; 108:499-503. [PMID: 11499675 DOI: 10.1007/s004390100521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there was an increase of aneuploidy in the sperm from fathers of Turner syndrome patients of paternal origin who, in a previous study, showed an elevated incidence of XY meiotic nondisjunction. Sperm disomy frequencies for chromosomes 4, 13, 18, 21 and 22 were assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridisation in four of these individuals. As a group, the Turner syndrome fathers showed a general increase in disomy frequencies for chromosomes 13, 21 and 22, with a statistically significant increase in disomy frequencies for chromosomes 13 and 22 in one of the fathers and for chromosome 21 in two of them. Data from a previous work carried out by us in two fathers of Down syndrome patients of paternal origin also revealed increased sperm disomy frequencies for chromosomes 13, 21 and 22. Pooled as one group, these six fathers of aneuploid offspring of paternal origin had a statistically significant increase in the frequency of nondisjunction for these chromosomes with respect to control individuals. Our findings indicate that there may be an association between fathering aneuploid offspring and increased frequencies of aneuploid spermatozoa. Such increases do not seem to be restricted to the chromosome pair responsible for the aneuploid offspring. Acrocentric chromosomes and other chromosome pairs that usually show only one chiasma during meiosis seem to be more susceptible to malsegregation.
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MESH Headings
- Aneuploidy
- Centromere
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4/genetics
- Family Health
- Gene Frequency
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Male
- Spermatozoa/metabolism
- Turner Syndrome/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Soares
- Facultat de Medicina, Departament de Biologia Cel.lular, Fisiologia i Inmunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
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García F, Nogués C, Ponsà M, Ruiz-Herrera A, Egozcue J, Garcia Caldés M. Chromosomal homologies between humans and Cebus apella (Primates) revealed by ZOO-FISH. Mamm Genome 2000; 11:399-401. [PMID: 10790541 DOI: 10.1007/s003350010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F García
- Departament de Biologia Cel.lular i Fisiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Riqué S, Nogués C, Ibàñez L, Marcos MV, Ferragut J, Carrascosa A, Potau N. Identification of three novel mutations in the insulin receptor gene in type A insulin resistant patients. Clin Genet 2000; 57:67-9. [PMID: 10733238 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0004.2000.570110.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Type A insulin resistance syndrome is characterized by the association of ovarian hyperandrogenism, acanthosis nigricans, and severe insulin resistance. We have identified three novel mutant alleles of the insulin receptor gene in 3 patients with type A syndrome, a severe form of insulin resistance. Two of the patients were sisters (A1, A2), 1 of them was a compound heterozygote for a mutation at the 3'-splice acceptor site of intron 21 (AG-->AA), and a missense mutation Val140Leu in exon 2. Her sister was a simple heterozygote for the 3'-splice acceptor mutation. The third patient (A3) was heterozygous for the missense mutation Ala1028Val in exon 17, in the consensus sequence for ATP binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Riqué
- Laboratori Hormonal, Hospital Universitari Materno-Infantil Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
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17
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García F, Nogués C, Garcia M, Egozcue J, Ponsà M. Characterization of constitutive heterochromatin in Cebus apella (Cebidae, Primates) and Pan troglodytes (Hominidae, Primates): comparison to human chromosomes. Am J Primatol 1999; 49:205-21. [PMID: 10512541 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2345(199911)49:3<205::aid-ajp1>3.0.co;2-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Using G bands, some homologies between the chromosomes of Cebus apella (CAP) and human chromosomes are difficult to establish. To solve this problem, we analyzed these homologies by fluorescence in situ hybridization using human whole chromosome probes (ZOO-FISH). The results indicated that 1) the human probe for chromosome 2 partially hybridizes with CAP chromosomes 13 and 5, 2) the human probe for chromosome 3 partially hybridizes with CAP chromosomes 18 and 20, 3) the human probe for chromosome 9 partially hybridizes with CAP chromosome 19, and 4) the human probe for chromosome 14 hybridizes with the p-terminal and q-terminal regions of CAP chromosome 6. However, none of the human probes employed hybridized with the heterochromatic regions of CAP chromosomes. For this reason, we characterized the heterochromatic regions of CAP chromosomes and of the chromosomes of Pan troglodytes (PTR), to allow comparison between CAP, PTR, and human chromosomes using in situ digestion of fixed chromosomes with the restriction enzymes AluI, HaeIII, and RsaI and by fluorescent staining with DA/DAPI. The results show that 1) centromeric heterochromatin is heterogeneous in the three species studied and 2) noncentromeric heterochromatin is homogeneous within each of the three species, but is different for each species. Thus, centromeric heterochromatin undergoes a higher degree of variability than noncentromeric heterochromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- F García
- Departament de Biologia Cellular i Fisiologia, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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Martínez-Pasarell O, Templado C, Vicens-Calvet E, Egozcue J, Nogués C. Paternal sex chromosome aneuploidy as a possible origin of Turner syndrome in monozygotic twins: case report. Hum Reprod 1999; 14:2735-8. [PMID: 10548612 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/14.11.2735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The meiotic or mitotic origin of most cases of Turner syndrome remains unknown, due to the difficulty in detecting hidden mosaicisms and to the lack of meiotic segregation studies. We have had the opportunity to study one pair of monozygotic twins concordant for Turner syndrome of paternal origin. The paternal origin of the single X chromosome was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. No mosaicism was detected for the X or Y chromosome. In this case, a meiotic error during gametogenesis would be a likely origin of X monosomy. To determine if meiotic errors are more frequent in the father of these monozygotic twins concordant for Turner syndrome of paternal origin, molecular studies in spermatozoa were conducted to analyse sex chromosome numerical abnormalities. A total of 12520 sperm nuclei from the twins' father and 85338 sperm nuclei from eight normal donors were analysed using three-colour fluorescent in-situ hybridization. There were significant differences between the twins' father and control donors for XY disomy (0.22 versus 0.11%, P < 0.001) and total sex chromosome disomy (0.38 versus 0.21%, P < 0.001). These results could indicate an increased tendency to meiotic sex chromosome non-disjunction in the father of the Turner twins.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Martínez-Pasarell
- Dept de Biologia Cel.lular i Fisiologia, Unitat de Biologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Martínez-Pasarell O, Nogués C, Bosch M, Egozcue J, Templado C. Analysis of sex chromosome aneuploidy in sperm from fathers of Turner syndrome patients. Hum Genet 1999; 104:345-9. [PMID: 10369165 DOI: 10.1007/s004390050964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Numerical sex chromosome abnormalities were analyzed in sperm from four fathers of Turner syndrome patients of paternal origin to determine whether there was an increased frequency of sex chromosome aneuploidy and to elucidate whether meiotic malsegregation mechanisms could be involved in the origin of Turner syndrome. Determination of the parental origin of the single X chromosome (maternal in all four cases) and exclusion of X and Y mosaicism were carried out by polymerase chain reaction amplification of five X chromosome polymorphisms and three Y chromosome segments. A total of 45,299 sperm nuclei from Turner fathers and 85,423 sperm nuclei from eight control donors was analyzed by three-color fluorescence in situ hybridization. The four patients showed a significant increase in the percentages of XY sperm (mean 0.22%; range 0.20% to 0.22%) compared with control donors (mean 0.11%; range 0.06% to 0.18%). These results suggest that the four individuals have an increased frequency of nondisjunctional errors in meiosis I, resulting in the production of an increased proportion of XY spermatozoa and of sperm lacking a sex chromosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Martínez-Pasarell
- Dept. de Biologia Cellular i Fisiologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
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Martínez-Pasarell O, Vidal F, Colls P, Nogués C, Egozcue J, Templado C. Sex chromosome aneuploidy in sperm-derived pronuclei, motile sperm and unselected sperm, scored by three-color FISH. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1997; 78:27-30. [PMID: 9345901 DOI: 10.1159/000134620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O Martínez-Pasarell
- Departament de Biologia Cel.lular i Fisiologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
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Martí M, Nogués C, Egozcue J, Ponsà M. Freezing of zona-free mouse embryos: characteristics of the plasma membrane and subsequent development of the embryos. J Exp Zool 1995; 272:227-34. [PMID: 7790843 DOI: 10.1002/jez.1402720307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Frozen-thawed mouse embryos with (+ZP) and without (-ZP) zona pellucida have been studied at the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to determine how the process affects the plasma membrane and the subsequent embryo development. The main difference observed in -ZP embryos immediately after thawing is the abnormal morphology and distribution of microvilli. This could explain the spontaneous separation of blastomeres in -ZP embryos, and the decrease in their survival rate. If thawed -ZP embryos are allowed to recover in culture, their plasma membrane characteristics and survival rate are identical to those of control embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martí
- Departament de Biologia Cel.lular i Fisiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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Abstract
We describe for the first time the cytogenetic characteristics of mouse 'embryos' obtained by oocyte fusion (oocyte fusion products; OFP). Our results indicate that, after fusion, meiosis II is resumed correctly, with extrusion of two haploid polar bodies, and that metaphase synchronisation of the two haploid sets and chromosome segregation during the first cleavage are also normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nogués
- Department de Biologia Cellular i Fisiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
A simple method for handling individual specimens that must be processed either for scanning or transmission electron microscopy studies is described. For scanning microscope processing, dehydration is carried out with samples enclosed in small cages made from TAAB capsules in which top and bottom are substituted by plankton nets, and for transmission electron microscopy, samples are preembedded in agarose. This procedure significantly reduces mouth pipetting, dissecting microscope observations, is less labour intensive and, most importantly, reduces sample loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nogués
- Departament Biologia Cellular i Fisiologia, Facultat Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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Abstract
Oocyte fusion induced by inactivated Sendai virus results in the production of 'zygotes' that are able to undergo the first stages of embryonic development. The oocyte fusion products (OFP) obtained follow a morphological developmental pattern equivalent to that of control embryos, at least up to the 8-cell stage. The percentage of OFP that reach the 8-cell stage is extremely low (3%) compared with control embryos cultured in vitro (95%). On light microscopy, the OFP obtained show morphological characteristics identical to control embryos, although their cell diameters are larger. The cortical reaction, meiotic reactivation, extrusion of second polar bodies and pronucleus formation take place as observed in controls. The ultrastructural characteristics of oocyte fusion products at the 1-, 2-, 4- and 8-cell stages are analogous to those of controls, including the presence of structures related to the activation of the embryo genome. However some differences concerning cell ultrastructure, mainly in the nucleus, are observed and discussed in the text.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nogués
- Departament de Biologia Cellular i Fisiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Calafell JM, Nogués C, Ponsà M, Santaló J, Egozcue J. Zona pellucida surface of immature and in vitro matured mouse oocytes: analysis by scanning electron microscopy. J Assist Reprod Genet 1992; 9:365-72. [PMID: 1472816 DOI: 10.1007/bf01203961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this work was to determine the morphology of the zona pellucida surface of immature and in vitro matured mouse oocytes by scanning electron microscopy. For this purpose two groups of immature oocytes (germinal vesicle group and metaphase I group) were studied either before or after in vitro maturation. RESULTS Before in vitro maturation, the germinal vesicle immature group showed mainly an unstructured zona pellucida surface with smooth cumulus cells. The metaphase I immature group showed a more structured zona pellucida with smooth or blebbing cumulus cells. After in vitro maturation, development of the zona pellucida toward a mature surface, related to the initial degree of oocyte maturity, was observed in both groups. CONCLUSIONS These observations show a correlation between the morphology of the zona pellucida surface and the degree of oocyte maturity; the in vitro maturation process can give rise to a proper development of this endowment when immature oocytes are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Calafell
- Dept. Biologia Cel.lular i Fisiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Ponsà M, Nogués C, Vidal F, Egozcue J. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) study of mouse embryos obtained from isolated blastomeres. J In Vitro Fert Embryo Transf 1991; 8:279-85. [PMID: 1757742 DOI: 10.1007/bf01139785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Preimplantation diagnosis and embryo sexing offer great possibilities in the prevention of human diseases and in the field of animal production. These techniques involve blastomere isolation. Isolated blastomeres can grow in culture and develop as whole embryos. In this paper we describe, at the scanning electron microscope level, the characteristics of the plasma membrane surface of isolated blastomeres obtained from mouse embryos at the two-cell stage and of embryos grown to the 2/4- and 4/8-cell stages and compare them to control embryos grown in vitro. According to our results the in vitro manipulation of these embryos does not affect the surface characteristics of the plasma membrane in the early cleavage stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ponsà
- Departament de Biologia Cellular i Fisiologia, Institut de Biologia Fonamental Vicent Villar Palasi, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Nogués C, Ponsà M, Vidal F, Boada M, Egozcue J. Effects of aging on the zona pellucida surface of mouse oocytes. J In Vitro Fert Embryo Transf 1988; 5:225-9. [PMID: 3183470 DOI: 10.1007/bf01131126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In a scanning microscopy study of mouse oocytes from immature, young, and aged females and of oocytes aged in vivo or in vitro, we have observed four types of zona pellucida, which we classify as types A, B, C, and D. Oocyte aging gives rise to a significant increase in predegenerative (type C) oocytes; this type of zona pellucida surface could result from a zona hardening effect and decrease the rate of fertilization of the oocytes affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nogués
- Department de Biologia Cel.lular i Fisiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
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