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Siland JE, Geelhoed B, Roselli C, Wang B, Lin HJ, Weiss S, Trompet S, van den Berg ME, Soliman EZ, Chen LY, Ford I, Jukema JW, Macfarlane PW, Kornej J, Lin H, Lunetta KL, Kavousi M, Kors JA, Ikram MA, Guo X, Yao J, Dörr M, Felix SB, Völker U, Sotoodehnia N, Arking DE, Stricker BH, Heckbert SR, Lubitz SA, Benjamin EJ, Alonso A, Ellinor PT, van der Harst P, Rienstra M. Resting heart rate and incident atrial fibrillation: A stratified Mendelian randomization in the AFGen consortium. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268768. [PMID: 35594314 PMCID: PMC9122202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Both elevated and low resting heart rates are associated with atrial fibrillation (AF), suggesting a U-shaped relationship. However, evidence for a U-shaped causal association between genetically-determined resting heart rate and incident AF is limited. We investigated potential directional changes of the causal association between genetically-determined resting heart rate and incident AF. Method and results Seven cohorts of the AFGen consortium contributed data to this meta-analysis. All participants were of European ancestry with known AF status, genotype information, and a heart rate measurement from a baseline electrocardiogram (ECG). Three strata of instrumental variable-free resting heart rate were used to assess possible non-linear associations between genetically-determined resting heart rate and the logarithm of the incident AF hazard rate: <65; 65–75; and >75 beats per minute (bpm). Mendelian randomization analyses using a weighted resting heart rate polygenic risk score were performed for each stratum. We studied 38,981 individuals (mean age 59±10 years, 54% women) with a mean resting heart rate of 67±11 bpm. During a mean follow-up of 13±5 years, 4,779 (12%) individuals developed AF. A U-shaped association between the resting heart rate and the incident AF-hazard ratio was observed. Genetically-determined resting heart rate was inversely associated with incident AF for instrumental variable-free resting heart rates below 65 bpm (hazard ratio for genetically-determined resting heart rate, 0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.94–0.99; p = 0.01). Genetically-determined resting heart rate was not associated with incident AF in the other two strata. Conclusions For resting heart rates below 65 bpm, our results support an inverse causal association between genetically-determined resting heart rate and incident AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. E. Siland
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - B. Geelhoed
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - C. Roselli
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - B. Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - H. J. Lin
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - S. Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics; Department of Functional Genomics; University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research); partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - S. Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M. E. van den Berg
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E. Z. Soliman
- Division of Public Health Sciences and Department of Medicine, Epidemiological Cardiology Research Center, Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Section on Cardiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - L. Y. Chen
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - I. Ford
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - J. W. Jukema
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research); partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - P. W. Macfarlane
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - J. Kornej
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s and Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America
| | - H. Lin
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute’s and Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, Unites States of America
| | - K. L. Lunetta
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s and Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America
| | - M. Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J. A. Kors
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M. A. Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - X. Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - J. Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America
| | - M. Dörr
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research); partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B-Cardiology, Pneumology, Infectious Diseases, Intensive Care Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - S. B. Felix
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research); partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B-Cardiology, Pneumology, Infectious Diseases, Intensive Care Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - U. Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics; Department of Functional Genomics; University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research); partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - N. Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, Unites States of America
| | - D. E. Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University SOM, Baltimore, MD, Unites States of America
| | - B. H. Stricker
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S. R. Heckbert
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and the Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, Unites States of America
| | - S. A. Lubitz
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, Unites States of America
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, Unites States of America
| | - E. J. Benjamin
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, Unites States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, Unites States of America
| | - A. Alonso
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, Unites States of America
| | - P. T. Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, Unites States of America
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, Unites States of America
| | - P. van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Heart and Lungs, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M. Rienstra
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Ahlberg G, Wang L, Roselli C, Chaffin M, Hoan Choi S, Ghouse J, Hanso S, Svendsen JH, Olesen MS, Lubitz S, Ellinor PT. 4346The genetic risk and interactions in atrial fibrillation, evidence from 335,070 uk biobank participants. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.4346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G Ahlberg
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L Wang
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Cambridge, United States of America
| | - C Roselli
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Cambridge, United States of America
| | - M Chaffin
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Cambridge, United States of America
| | - S Hoan Choi
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Cambridge, United States of America
| | - J Ghouse
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Hanso
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J H Svendsen
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M S Olesen
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Lubitz
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cardiology, Boston, United States of America
| | - P T Ellinor
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cardiology, Boston, United States of America
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Meli MA, Desideri D, Cantaluppi C, Ceccotto F, Feduzi L, Roselli C. Elemental and radiological characterization of commercial Cetraria islandica (L.) Acharius pharmaceutical and food supplementation products. Sci Total Environ 2018; 613-614:1566-1572. [PMID: 28882460 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
An elemental and radiological characterization was performed on Cetraria islandica (L.) Ach. pharmaceutical and food supplementation products purchased in local specialty shops in Italy. Essential elements (K, Ca, P, S, Cl, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Br, I) and nonessential or toxic elements (Al, Ti, Si, Rb, Sr, As, Cd, Sn, and Pb) were determined by Energy Dispersive Polarized X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry; natural radionuclides (238U, 234U, 230Th, 210Po, 232Th, and 228Th) were determined by alpha spectrometry. The results show that C. islandica, whose nutritional value was assessed referring to recommended nutrient intakes, could serve as an important source of essential elements. Moreover, as expected, lichens concentrate airborne 210Po, whose activity ranged from 132 to 489Bqkg-1dw. This value was much higher than those reported by UNSCEAR for leafy vegetables in the world. In addition, total As and Cd were <1mgkg-1dw and Pb mean concentration was 9.25mgkg-1dw. Health risks associated with the toxic elements contained in C. islandica (L.) products were calculated using risk estimators. Their contribution to total elemental intake does not appear to pose a threat, but the concentrations of these elements should be continuously monitored to protect consumers against potential adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Meli
- Biomolecular Sciences Department, Urbino University "Carlo Bo", P.zza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - D Desideri
- Biomolecular Sciences Department, Urbino University "Carlo Bo", P.zza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - C Cantaluppi
- CNR-ICMATE, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - F Ceccotto
- CNR-ICMATE, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - L Feduzi
- Biomolecular Sciences Department, Urbino University "Carlo Bo", P.zza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - C Roselli
- Biomolecular Sciences Department, Urbino University "Carlo Bo", P.zza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy.
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Desideri D, Cantaluppi C, Ceccotto F, Meli MA, Roselli C, Feduzi L. Essential and toxic elements in seaweeds for human consumption. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2016; 79:112-22. [PMID: 26817952 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1113598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Essential elements (K, Ca, P, S, Cl, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Br, and I) and nonessential or toxic elements (Al, Ti, Si, Rb, Sr, As, Cd, Sn, and Pb) were determined by energy-dispersive polarized x-ray fluorescence spectrometry in 14 seaweeds purchased in local specialty stores in Italy and consumed by humans. The differences in elements between the algae species reached up to 2-4 orders of magnitude. Lithothamnium calcareum showed the highest levels of Ca, Al, Si, Fe, and Ti. Palmaria palmata showed the highest concentrations of K, Rb, and Cl. The highest content of S was in Chondrus crispus. Laminaria digitata contained the highest concentrations of total As, Cd, Sn, Br, and I. The highest concentration of Zn was in Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Ulva lactuca displayed the highest levels of Cu, Ni, Mn, and Pb. Iodine levels ranged from 3.4 in Chlorella pyrenoidosa to 7316 mg/kg(dry) in Laminaria digitata. The nutrimental importance of essential elements was assessed using nutritional requirements. The results showed that the consumption of algae might serve as an important source of the essential elements. Health risk due to the toxic elements present in seaweed was estimated using risk estimators. Total As, Cd, and Pb concentrations ranged from <1 to 67.6, to 7.2 and to 6.7 mg/kg(dry) respectively; therefore, their contribution to total elemental intake does not appear to pose any threat to the consumers, but the concentrations of these elements should be controlled to protect the consumer against potential adverse health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Desideri
- a Biomolecular Sciences Department , Urbino University "Carlo Bo," Urbino , Italy
| | - C Cantaluppi
- b CNR-IENI, Corso Stati Uniti 4 , Padova , Italy
| | - F Ceccotto
- b CNR-IENI, Corso Stati Uniti 4 , Padova , Italy
| | - M A Meli
- a Biomolecular Sciences Department , Urbino University "Carlo Bo," Urbino , Italy
| | - C Roselli
- a Biomolecular Sciences Department , Urbino University "Carlo Bo," Urbino , Italy
| | - L Feduzi
- a Biomolecular Sciences Department , Urbino University "Carlo Bo," Urbino , Italy
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Meli MA, Desideri D, Roselli C, Benedetti C, Feduzi L. Essential and toxic elements in honeys from a region of central Italy. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2015; 78:617-627. [PMID: 26039679 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2014.1004006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Levels of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in several types of honey produced in a region of Central Italy were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The degree of humidity, sugar content, pH, free acidity, combined acidity (lactones), and total acidity were also measured. These elements were found to be present in honey in various proportions depending upon (1) the area foraged by bees, (2) flower type visited for collection of nectar, and (3) quality of water in the vicinity of the hive. Strong positive correlations occurred between Pb and Hg, Pb and Cd, Pb and Fe, Pb and Cr, Hg and Cd, and Hg and Fe. The honey products synthesized in Central Italy were of good quality, but not completely free of heavy metal contamination. Compared with established recommended daily intakes, heavy metals or trace element intoxication following honey consumption in Italy was found not to be a concern for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Meli
- a Department of Biomolecular Sciences , Urbino University "Carlo Bo" , Urbino , Italy
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Testa C, Desideri D, Guerra F, Meli MA, Roselli C. The Radioanalytical Determination of Cosmogenic 32P in Marine Samples for the Study of the Phosphate Ion Turnover in the Mediterranean Sea. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2013. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.1997.78.special-issue.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Testa
- General Chemistry Institute of Urbino University, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - D. Desideri
- General Chemistry Institute of Urbino University, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - F. Guerra
- General Chemistry Institute of Urbino University, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - M. A. Meli
- General Chemistry Institute of Urbino University, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - C. Roselli
- General Chemistry Institute of Urbino University, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy
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Genzel L, Ahrberg K, Roselli C, Niedermaier S, Steiger A, Dresler M, Roenneberg T. Sleep timing is more important than sleep length or quality for medical school performance. Chronobiol Int 2013; 30:766-71. [PMID: 23750895 DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2012.763132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Overwhelming evidence supports the importance of sleep for memory consolidation. Medical students are often deprived of sufficient sleep due to large amounts of clinical duties and university load, we therefore investigated how study and sleep habits influence university performance. We performed a questionnaire-based study with 31 medical students of the University of Munich (second and third clinical semesters; surgery and internal medicine). The students kept a diary (in 30-min bins) on their daily schedules (times when they studied by themselves, attended classes, slept, worked on their thesis, or worked to earn money). The project design involved three 2-wk periods (A: during the semester; B: directly before the exam period--pre-exam; C: during the subsequent semester break). Besides the diaries, students completed once questionnaires about their sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]), their chronotype (Munich Chronotype Questionnaire [MCTQ]), and their academic history (previous grades, including the previously achieved preclinical board exam [PBE]). Analysis revealed significant correlations between the actual sleep behavior during the semester (MS(diary); mid-sleep point averaged from the sleep diaries) during the pre-exam period and the achieved grade (p = 0.002) as well as between the grades of the currently taken exam and the PBE (p = 0.002). A regression analysis with MS(diary) pre-exam and PBE as predictors in a model explained 42.7% of the variance of the exam grade (effect size 0.745). Interestingly, MS(diary)--especially during the pre-exam period-was the strongest predictor for the currently achieved grade, along with the preclinical board exam as a covariate, whereas the chronotype did not significantly influence the exam grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Genzel
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
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Desideri D, Meli M, Roselli C, Feduzi L. Polarized X ray fluorescence spectrometer (EDPXRF) for the determination of essential and non essential elements in tea. Microchem J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2011.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Desideri D, Meli M, Roselli C, Feduzi L. Alpha and gamma spectrometry for determination of natural and artificial radionuclides in tea, herbal tea and camomile marketed in Italy. Microchem J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
Activity concentrations of ²¹⁰Po, ²¹⁰Pb, and ⁴⁰K were measured in different samples of marine organisms from the central Adriatic Sea. The marine organisms were purchased from the local consumer market during all four seasons of the year to evaluate the spatial and temporal distribution of the natural radioactivity. The concentration trend is the following: ⁴⁰K > ²¹⁰Po > ²¹⁰Pb. ⁴⁰K concentration ranged between 54.9 and 235.9 Bq kg⁻¹ fresh weight, and the arithmetic mean of Pb concentration for all samples is <0.7 Bq kg⁻¹ fresh weight. Po activity concentration ranged between 0.3 and 44.6 Bq kg⁻¹ fresh weight; its arithmetic mean was 5.7 ± 7.2 Bq kg⁻¹ fresh weight. Among the pelagic species, anchovy displayed the highest polonium concentration. The data obtained depend upon the type of marine organism and the period of sampling. Committed effective dose due to ²¹⁰Po ingestion from marine food for individuals in the two different population groups was calculated to be 95.9 and 466.4 μSv y⁻¹, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Desideri
- Donatella Desideri, Institute of General Chemistry, University of Urbino, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy.
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Desideri D, Roselli C, Meli MA. Intake of 210Po, 234U and 238U radionuclides with wine in Italy. Food Chem Toxicol 2009; 48:650-7. [PMID: 19944734 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Revised: 11/20/2009] [Accepted: 11/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
238U, 234U and 210Po activity concentration was determined in 70 samples of red and white wine coming from 16 Italian regions. The radionuclides were determined by alpha spectrometry after separation. The results show that the mean concentrations of 238U, 234U and 210Po were 3.63 x 10(-3)+/-2.19 x 10(-3), 4.41 x 10(-3)+/-3.10 x 10(-3) and 6.85 x 10(-2)+/-3.79 x 10(-2) Bq L(-1) for red wine and 5.08 x 10(-3)+/-4.20 x 10(-3), 5.59 x 10(-3)+/-8.49 x 10(-3) and 3.92 x 10(-2)+/-2.63 x 10(-2) Bq L(-1) for white wine, respectively. The effective radiation dose due to the uranium and polonium ingestions by wine (0.5l per day) ranges from 2.68 x 10(-4) to 4.91 x 10(-2) mSv year(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- D Desideri
- Institute of General Chemistry, Urbino University Carlo Bo, P.zza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy.
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Meli MA, Desideri D, Roselli C, Feduzi L. 210Po determination in urines of people living in Central Italy. J Environ Radioact 2009; 100:84-88. [PMID: 19081163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2008] [Revised: 09/25/2008] [Accepted: 11/04/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the results of the monitoring programme on the urines of people living in an area of Central Italy (near the Republic of S. Marino) to evaluate the background level of the 210Po excretion rate (mBq day(-1)) in this region. The volunteers were subdivided in five age classes and in every age class groups of males and females, cigarette smokers and non-smokers were taken into account. The results indicated that the 210Po excretion rate was widely distributed within each group of volunteers. The 210Po excretion rate was <30 mBq day(-1) for 93.2% of people. The obtained results are discussed and some conclusion, based upon the average values, was drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Meli
- Institute of General Chemistry, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", P.zza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Pesaro, Italy
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Desideri D, Roselli C, Meli M, Feduzi L. Analytical methods for the characterization and the leachability evaluation of a solid waste generated in a phosphoric acid production plant. Microchem J 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2007.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Desideri D, Meli MA, Feduzi L, Roselli C, Rongoni A, Saetta D. (238)U, (234)U, (226)Ra, (210)Po concentrations of bottled mineral waters in Italy and their dose contribution. J Environ Radioact 2007; 94:86-97. [PMID: 17343961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2006] [Revised: 12/07/2006] [Accepted: 01/11/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to the importance of bottled mineral water in human diet with special regard to children in lactation period, a monitoring of natural radioactivity in some bottled mineral waters produced in Italy was performed. Gross alpha and beta activities and (226)Ra, (238)U, (234)U, and (210)Po concentrations were measured. Gross alpha and beta activities were determined by standards ISO 9696 and ISO 9697; for (226)Ra determination liquid scintillation was used. The (238)U and (234)U concentrations were determined by alpha spectrometry after their separation from matrix by extraction chromatography and electroplating. (210)Po was measured by alpha spectrometry. The results revealed that the concentrations (mBqL(-1)) of (226)Ra, (238)U, (234)U, and (210)Po ranged from <10.00 to 52.50, from <0.17 to 89.00, from <0.17 to 79.00, and from <0.04 to 21.01, respectively. Uranium and radium concentrations do not reach the relevant recommended derived activity concentration (DWC). For polonium concentration, none of the samples reaches the relevant DWC in the case of adults and children, but one sample exceeds this value for infants. The dose contribution for different classes of age was calculated using the dose coefficient factors reported by EC Directive 96/29 EURATOM and certain annual intake. For children and adult age class, the calculated doses are quite similar and lower than 0.1mSvy(-1); for infants (<1y) in three cases the calculated dose ranges from 0.11 to 0.17mSvy(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- D Desideri
- Institute of General Chemistry, Urbino University Carlo Bo, P.zza Rinascimento 6, Urbino, Italy.
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Desideri D, Roselli C, Rongoni A, Saetta D. 222Rn determination in drinkable waters of a central eastern Italian area: Comparison between liquid scintillation and gamma-spectrometry. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-005-0891-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Desideri D, Meli MA, Roselli C, Testa C, Boulyga SF, Becker JS. Determination of (236)U and transuranium elements in depleted uranium ammunition by alpha-spectrometry and ICP-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2002; 374:1091-5. [PMID: 12458425 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-002-1575-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2002] [Accepted: 08/16/2002] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that ammunition containing depleted uranium (DU) was used by NATO during the Balkan conflict. To evaluate the origin of DU (the enrichment of natural uranium or the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel) it is necessary to directly detect the presence of activation products ((236)U, (239)Pu, (240)Pu, (241)Am, and (237)Np) in the ammunition. In this work the analysis of actinides by alpha-spectrometry was compared with that by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after selective separation of ultratraces of transuranium elements from the uranium matrix. (242)Pu and (243)Am were added to calculate the chemical yield. Plutonium was separated from uranium by extraction chromatography, using tri- n-octylamine (TNOA), with a decontamination factor higher than 10(6); after elution plutonium was determined by ICP-MS ((239)Pu and (240)Pu) and alpha-spectrometry ((239+240)Pu) after electroplating. The concentration of Pu in two DU penetrator samples was 7 x 10(-12) g g(-1) and 2 x 10(-11) g g(-1). The (240)Pu/(239)Pu isotope ratio in one penetrator sample (0.12+/-0.04) was significantly lower than the (240)Pu/(239)Pu ratios found in two soil samples from Kosovo (0.35+/-0.10 and 0.27+/-0.07). (241)Am was separated by extraction chromatography, using di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (HDEHP), with a decontamination factor as high as 10(7). The concentration of (241)Am in the penetrator samples was 2.7 x 10(-14) g g(-1) and <9.4 x 10(-15) g g(-1). In addition (237)Np was detected at ultratrace levels. In general, ICP-MS and alpha-spectrometry results were in good agreement. The presence of anthropogenic radionuclides ((236)U, (239)Pu,(240)Pu, (241)Am, and (237)Np) in the penetrators indicates that at least part of the uranium originated from the reprocessing of nuclear fuel. Because the concentrations of radionuclides are very low, their radiotoxicological effect is negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Desideri
- General Chemistry Institute, Urbino University, Urbino, Italy
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Jia G, Testa C, Desideri D, Guerra F, Meli MA, Roselli C, Belli ME. Soil concentration, vertical distribution and inventory of plutonium, 241Am, 90Sr and 137Cs in the Marche Region of Central Italy. Health Phys 1999; 77:52-61. [PMID: 10376542 DOI: 10.1097/00004032-199907000-00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Soil concentrations of 239+240Pu, 238Pu, 241Am, 90Sr, and 137Cs are investigated in the Marche Region of Central Italy. Mean values in uncultivated soils (0.721 +/- 0.456, 0.023 +/- 0.014, 0.241 +/- 0.165, 5.40 +/- 3.32, and 62.3 +/- 33.9 Bq kg(-1), respectively) are 3.5-8 times higher than the corresponding values in cultivated soils (0.147 +/- 0.054, 0.005 +/- 0.002, 0.047 +/- 0.021, 1.53 +/- 0.44, and 7.70 +/- 2.07 Bq kg(-1)). Radionuclide inventories and ratios are consistent with values reported by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effect of Atomic Radiation for this latitude (40-50 degrees N). This suggests that radiocontamination in this region is mainly due to atmospheric deposition of nuclear weapon test fallout. The vertical distribution of these radionuclides is also studied. The results show that, with the exception of 90Sr (68%), more than 90% of these radionuclides are contained in the first 20 cm of soil and that mobility follows the order 90Sr > 241Am > 239+240Pu, 238Pu > 137Cs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Jia
- Institute of General Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urbino University, Italy
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Testa C, Desideri D, Guerra F, Meli MA, Roselli C, Degetto S. Concentration and speciation of plutonium, americium, uranium, thorium, potassium and 137Cs in a venice canal sediment sample. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/s10582-999-1045-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Roselli C, Boussac A, Mattioli TA, Griffiths JA, el-Sayed MA. Detection of a Yb3+ binding site in regenerated bacteriorhodopsin that is coordinated with the protein and phospholipid head groups. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996; 93:14333-7. [PMID: 8962051 PMCID: PMC26132 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.25.14333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Near infrared Yb3+ vibronic sideband spectroscopy was used to characterize specific lanthanide binding sites in bacteriorhodopsin (bR) and retinal free bacteriorhodopsin (bO). The VSB spectra for deionized bO regenerated with a ratio of 1:1 and 2:1 ion to bO are identical. Application of a two-dimensional anti-correlation technique suggests that only a single Yb3+ site is observed. The Yb3+ binding site in bO is observed to consist of PO2- groups and carboxylic acid groups, both of which are bound in a bidentate manner. An additional contribution most likely arising from a phenolic group is also observed. This implies that the ligands for the observed single binding site are the lipid head groups and amino acid residues. The vibronic sidebands of Yb3+ in deionized bR regenerated at a ratio of 2:1 ion to bR are essentially identical to those in bO. The other high-affinity binding site is thus either not evident or its fluorescence is quenched. A discussion is given on the difference in binding of Ca2+ (or Mg2+) and lanthanides in phospholipid membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Roselli
- Section de Bioénergetique, Commissariat á l'Energie Atomique Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Testa C, Desideri D, Meli MA, Roselli C. New radiochemical procedures for environmental actinide measurements and data quality control. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02037620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Roselli C, Boussac A, Mattioli TA. Direct vibrational structure of protein metal-binding sites from near-infrared Yb3+ vibronic side band spectroscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994; 91:12897-901. [PMID: 7809143 PMCID: PMC45547 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.26.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared Yb3+ vibronic side band (VSB) spectroscopy is used to obtain structural information of metal binding sites in metalloproteins. This technique provides a selective "IR-like" vibrational spectrum of those ligands chelated to the Yb3+ ion. VSB spectra of various model complexes of Yb3+ representing different ligand types were studied to provide references for the VSB spectra of Yb(3+)-reconstituted metalloproteins. Ca2+ in the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin and Fe3+ in the iron-transporting protein transferrin were replaced with Yb3+. The fluorescence of Yb3+ reconstituted into these two proteins exhibits weak VSBs whose energy shifts, with respect to the main 2F5/2-->2F7/2 Yb3+ electronic transition, represent the vibrational frequencies of the Yb3+ ligands. The chemical nature of the ligands of the Yb3+ in these proteins, as deduced by the observed VSB frequencies, is entirely in agreement with their known crystal structures. For transferrin, replacement of the 12CO3(2-) metal counterion with 13CO3(2-) yielded the expected isotopic shift for the VSBs corresponding to the carbonate vibrational modes. This technique demonstrates enormous potential in elucidating the localized structure of metal binding sites in proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Roselli
- Section de Bioénergétique, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Testa C, Desideri D, Meli MA, Roselli C, Bassignani A, Colombo G, Fantoni RF. Radiation protection and radioactive scales in oil and gas production. Health Phys 1994; 67:34-38. [PMID: 8200799 DOI: 10.1097/00004032-199407000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Low specific-activity scales consisting of alkaline earth metal carbonates and sulfates are often present in some gaseous and liquid hydrocarbon plants. These scales contain a certain concentration of radium, uranium, and thorium which can cause a risk of gamma irradiation and internal radiocontamination when they must be mechanically removed. The gamma dose rates and the 238U, 232Th, 226Ra concentrations were determined in sludges, scales, and waters of some gas and oil hydrocarbon plants located in Italy, Congo, and Tunisia. 238U and 232Th concentrations were were low. The isotopes 238U and 234U resulted in radioactive equilibrium, while 232Th and 228Th were not always equilibrium. A rough correlation was found between the gamma dose rate and the 226Ra concentration. Some considerations and conclusions about radiation protection problems are pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Testa
- General Chemistry Institute, Urbino University, Italy
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Testa C, Desideri D, Meli M, Roselli C, Bassignani A, Finazzi P. Determination of uranium, thorium and radium in waters, soils and muds around a uranium mine in decommissioning. Appl Radiat Isot 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0969-8043(94)90079-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Testa C, Desideri D, Meli MA, Roselli C, Bassignani A, Finazzi PB. Radium, uranium and thorium concentrations in low specific activity scales and in waters of some oil and gas production plants. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 1993. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02134582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mattioli TA, Roselli C, Boussac A. Near-infrared Yb(3+) vibronic sideband spectroscopy: application to Ca(2+)-binding proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta 1992; 1101:121-4. [PMID: 1633175 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(92)90475-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We have used near-infrared (NIR) vibronic fluorescence spectroscopy to study the vibrational structure of ligands associated with model complexes of the lanthanide Yb(3+). This technique exploits the similar binding properties of the lanthanide Yb(3+) to probe Ca(2+)-binding sites in proteins. The (NIR) fluorescence of complexed Yb(3+) exhibits, in addition to main 0-0 (2F5/2----2F7/2) electronic transition of Yb(3+), weak vibronic sidebands which provide infrared-like, local vibrational spectra of the chelates (inner sphere ligands) of Yb(3+). A similar approach has been used for the lanthanide Gd(3+) (MacGregor, R.B., Jr (1989) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 274, 312-316) which fluoresces in the UV and which is usually complicated by amino-acid residues fluorescing in the same spectral region. In this same spectral region, other complications in studying photosynthetic membranes occur in the form of the excitation wavelength being actinic, promoting photodegradation of the membranes, as well as the reabsorption of Gd(3+) fluorescence. NIR excitation and fluorescence detection of Yb(3+) avoid these problems when studying photosynthetic membranes. A preliminary study has been conducted here on rat muscle parvalbumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Mattioli
- Service de Biophysique des Protéines Membranaires, Département de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, France
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