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Lucquin A, Robson HK, Oras E, Lundy J, Moretti G, González Carretero L, Dekker J, Demirci Ö, Dolbunova E, McLaughlin TR, Piezonka H, Talbot HM, Adamczak K, Czekaj-Zastawny A, Groß D, Gumiński W, Hartz S, Kabaciński J, Koivisto S, Linge TE, Meyer AK, Mökkönen T, Philippsen B, Piličiauskas G, Visocka V, Kriiska A, Raemaekers D, Meadows J, Heron C, Craig OE. The impact of farming on prehistoric culinary practices throughout Northern Europe. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2310138120. [PMID: 37844237 PMCID: PMC10614617 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310138120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate changes in culinary practices associated with the arrival of farming, we analysed the organic residues of over 1,000 pottery vessels from hunter-gatherer-fisher and early agricultural sites across Northern Europe from the Lower Rhine Basin to the Northeastern Baltic. Here, pottery was widely used by hunter-gatherer-fishers prior to the introduction of domesticated animals and plants. Overall, there was surprising continuity in the way that hunter-gatherer-fishers and farmers used pottery. Both aquatic products and wild plants remained prevalent, a pattern repeated consistently across the study area. We argue that the rapid adaptation of farming communities to exploit coastal and lagoonal resources facilitated their northerly expansion, and in some cases, hunting, gathering, and fishing became the most dominant subsistence strategy. Nevertheless, dairy products frequently appear in pottery associated with the earliest farming groups often mixed with wild plants and fish. Interestingly, we also find compelling evidence of dairy products in hunter-gatherer-fisher Ertebølle pottery, which predates the arrival of domesticated animals. We propose that Ertebølle hunter-gatherer-fishers frequently acquired dairy products through exchange with adjacent farming communities prior to the transition. The continuity observed in pottery use across the transition to farming contrasts with the analysis of human remains which shows substantial demographic change through ancient DNA and, in some cases, a reduction in marine consumption through stable isotope analysis. We postulate that farmers acquired the knowledge and skills they needed to succeed from local hunter-gatherer-fishers but without substantial admixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Lucquin
- BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, YorkYO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Harry K. Robson
- BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, YorkYO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Ester Oras
- Institute of History and Archaeology, Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu50411, Estonia
- Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study, Uppsala752 38, Sweden
| | - Jasmine Lundy
- BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, YorkYO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Joannes Dekker
- BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, YorkYO10 5DD, United Kingdom
- Section for Geobiology, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen1350, Denmark
| | - Özge Demirci
- BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, YorkYO10 5DD, United Kingdom
- Groningen Institute of Archaeology, University of Groningen, Groningen9712, Netherlands
| | - Ekaterina Dolbunova
- The British Museum, LondonWC1B 3DG, United Kingdom
- Department of Archaeology of Eastern Europe and Siberia, State Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg190000, Russia
| | | | - Henny Piezonka
- Institute of Prehistoric Archaeology, Department of History and Cultural Studies, Free University, Berlin14195, Germany
| | - Helen M. Talbot
- BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, YorkYO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Kamil Adamczak
- Institute of Archaeology, Faculty of History, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń87-100, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Czekaj-Zastawny
- Centre for Archaeology of Hills and Uplands, Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków00-927, Poland
| | - Daniel Groß
- Museum Lolland-Falster, Nykøbing F.4800, Denmark
| | - Witold Gumiński
- Faculty of Archaeology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw00-927, Poland
| | - Sönke Hartz
- Stiftung Schleswig-Holsteinische Landesmuseen, Schloss Gottorf, Schleswig24837, Germany
| | - Jacek Kabaciński
- Centre for Archaeology of Hills and Uplands, Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków00-927, Poland
| | - Satu Koivisto
- Department of Archaeology, University of Turku, TurkuFI-20014, Finland
| | - Trond Eilev Linge
- University Museum of Bergen, Section for Cultural Heritage Management, Bergen5007, Norway
| | - Ann-Katrin Meyer
- Institute of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg20146, Germany
| | - Teemu Mökkönen
- Cultural Environment Services, The Finnish Heritage Agency, Helsinki913, Finland
| | - Bente Philippsen
- NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, TrondheimNO-7491, Norway
| | | | - Vanda Visocka
- Department of History and Archaeology, Faculty of History and Philosophy, University of Latvia, Rīga1050, Latvia
| | - Aivar Kriiska
- Department of Archaeology, Institute of History and Archaeology, University of Tartu, Tartu50090, Estonia
| | - Daan Raemaekers
- Groningen Institute of Archaeology, University of Groningen, Groningen9712, Netherlands
| | - John Meadows
- Centre for Baltic and Scandinavian Archaeology, Schleswig24837, Germany
| | - Carl Heron
- The British Museum, LondonWC1B 3DG, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver E. Craig
- BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, YorkYO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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Oras E, Tõrv M, Johanson K, Rannamäe E, Poska A, Lõugas L, Lucquin A, Lundy J, Brown S, Chen S, Varul L, Haferberga V, Legzdiņa D, Zariņa G, Cramp L, Heyd V, Reay M, Pospieszny Ł, Robson HK, Nordqvist K, Heron C, Craig OE, Kriiska A. Parallel worlds and mixed economies: multi-proxy analysis reveals complex subsistence systems at the dawn of early farming in the northeast Baltic. R Soc Open Sci 2023; 10:230880. [PMID: 37800159 PMCID: PMC10548101 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The transition from foraging to farming was a key turning point in ancient socio-economies. Yet, the complexities and regional variations of this transformation are still poorly understood. This multi-proxy study provides a new understanding of the introduction and spread of early farming, challenging the notions of hierarchical economies. The most extensive biological and biomolecular dietary overview, combining zooarchaeological, archaeobotanical, dietary stable isotope and pottery lipid residue analyses is presented, to unravel the nature and extent of early farming in the 3rd millennium cal BCE in the northeast Baltic. Farming was introduced by incoming Corded Ware cultural groups (CWC), but some dietary segregation existed within these communities, with some having more access to domesticates, others incorporating more wild resources into their diet. The CWC groups coexisted in parallel with local hunter-fisher-gatherers (HFG) without any indication of the adoption of domesticates. There was no transition from foraging to farming in the 3rd millennium cal BCE in the NE Baltic. Instead, we see a complex system of parallel worlds with local HFGs continuing forager lifeways, and incoming farmers practising mixed economies, with the continuation of these subsistence strategies for at least a millennium after the first encounter with domesticated animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Oras
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14 a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of History and Archaeology, University of Tartu, Jakobi 2, 51005 Tartu, Estonia
- Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS), Linneanum, Thunbergsvägen 2, 75238 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mari Tõrv
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14 a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of History and Archaeology, University of Tartu, Jakobi 2, 51005 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kristiina Johanson
- Institute of History and Archaeology, University of Tartu, Jakobi 2, 51005 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eve Rannamäe
- Institute of History and Archaeology, University of Tartu, Jakobi 2, 51005 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anneli Poska
- Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate Tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Lembi Lõugas
- Archaeological Research Collection, Tallinn University, Rüütli 10, 10130 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Alexandre Lucquin
- BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, Environment Building, Wentworth Way, YO10 5DD York, UK
| | - Jasmine Lundy
- BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, Environment Building, Wentworth Way, YO10 5DD York, UK
| | - Samantha Brown
- Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstrasse 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Shidong Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14 a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liivi Varul
- School of Humanities, Division of History, Tallinn University, Narva rd 25, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Vanda Haferberga
- Institute of Latvian History, University of Latvia, Kalpaka blvd 4, LV-1050 Riga, Latvia
| | - Dardega Legzdiņa
- Institute of Latvian History, University of Latvia, Kalpaka blvd 4, LV-1050 Riga, Latvia
| | - Gunita Zariņa
- Institute of Latvian History, University of Latvia, Kalpaka blvd 4, LV-1050 Riga, Latvia
| | - Lucy Cramp
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Bristol, 43 Woodland Road, BS8 1UU Bristol, UK
| | - Volker Heyd
- Department of Cultures, University of Helsinki, Unioninkatu 38, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michaela Reay
- Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, BS8 1TS Bristol, UK
| | - Łukasz Pospieszny
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Bristol, 43 Woodland Road, BS8 1UU Bristol, UK
- Institute of Archaeology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Bielańska 5, 80-851 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Harry K. Robson
- BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, Environment Building, Wentworth Way, YO10 5DD York, UK
| | - Kerkko Nordqvist
- Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki, Fabianinkatu 24, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carl Heron
- Department of Scientific Research, The British Museum, WC1B 3DG London, UK
| | - Oliver E. Craig
- BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, Environment Building, Wentworth Way, YO10 5DD York, UK
| | - Aivar Kriiska
- Institute of History and Archaeology, University of Tartu, Jakobi 2, 51005 Tartu, Estonia
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Briggs L, Cooper J, Craig OE, Heron C, Lucquin A, Milantchi MMM, Samson A. Molecular evidence for new foodways in the early colonial Caribbean: organic residue analysis at Isla de Mona, Puerto Rico. Archaeol Anthropol Sci 2023; 15:70. [PMID: 37151408 PMCID: PMC10154268 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-023-01771-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Ceramic objects account for over 90% of the cultural material recovered from archaeological sites in the Caribbean. However, little research has been conducted on molecular evidence for past food production from these same vessels. Forty ceramic sherds from Isla de Mona have been analysed by GC-MS and GC-C-IRMS in order to address questions surrounding foodways in the Greater Antilles prior to and post European arrival. We evaluate evidence for dietary changes to illuminate aspects of cultural exchange between Indigenous populations and the first generations of Spanish colonists. Here, we show that plant residues are found in a variety of pottery forms, with some evidence for non-ruminant and ruminant fats. The dearth of marine biomarkers is curious given the volume of fish bones found in archaeological contexts on Isla de Mona and may offer evidence for spit-roasting, pit-roasting, or the use of a 'barbacoa' to cook fish on the island. The ubiquity of plant residues in a variety of pottery forms may relate to the large-scale cultivation and export of cassava (Manihot esculenta) from the island. A Spanish olive jar revealed evidence of wine residues, which may constitute the earliest detection of wine residues in pottery found in the Americas. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12520-023-01771-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Briggs
- Cranfield Forensic Institute, Cranfield University, College Rd, Cranfield, Wharley End, Bedford, MK43 0AL UK
| | - Jago Cooper
- Sainsbury Centre, University of East Anglia, Norfolk Rd, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Oliver E. Craig
- BioArCH, University of York, Environment Building, Wentworth Way, Heslington, YO10 5NG York UK
| | - Carl Heron
- Scientific Research Department, The British Museum, Great Russell Street, London, WC1B 3DG UK
| | - Alexandre Lucquin
- BioArCH, University of York, Environment Building, Wentworth Way, Heslington, YO10 5NG York UK
| | | | - Alice Samson
- University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH UK
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Fauvel C, Mulder P, Heron C, Nicol L, Brakenhielm E, Bellien J, Kalopissis A, Bauer F. A transgenic mouse model mimicking human cardiac amyloidosis. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Heart failure (HF) pathophysiology complicating cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is poorly explored due to the lack of relevant animal model. A recently transgenic mouse expressing an amyloidogenic variant of human apolipoprotein AII was developed that showed ubiquitous amyloid deposit but limited data on cardiac involvement.
Purpose
To investigate heart structure and function in transgenic mice expressing an amyloidogenic variant of human apolipoprotein AII
Methods
Seventy-nine mice ageing 2 to 3 months were included in this study as follow: amyloidosis group (n=44) and sham (i.e. genetic mutation without phenotypic expression, n=35). Both were serially imaged by echocardiography (Vevo3100 Fujifilm) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR, Biospec 4.7 tesla), and invasively explored by left–sided catheterization (pressure-volume loop [PV loop], Millar Catheterization), before sacrifice and histological investigations.
Results
As soon as 2–3 months of age, the amyloidosis group demonstrated significant left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction and left atrial dilatation compared with sham group (p<0.01). Left ventricular ejection fraction was initially normal in both groups but deteriorated in amyloidosis mice (p<0.001) before right ventricular function collapses (p<0.001). In amyloidosis group, PV loops showed significant LV end-diastolic pressure increase (p<0.001), stiffer LV (p<0.01) and reduced systolic function LV elastance (p<0.05). Invasive and non-invasive abnormalities paralleled severe CA deposits and subendocardial fibrosis matrix remodeling, both labeling by Congo red and Red Sirius coloration (p<0.001). CMR analysis showed significant T1 (p<0.05) and T2 (p<0.01) signal increase and significant decrease in myocardial perfusion (p<0.01) in the amyloidosis group. Clinically, mice with amyloidosis covered less distance during exercise test (p<0.001) and died earlier (log-rank test, p<0.01).
Conclusion
By mimicking human cardiac amyloidosis, the model of transgenic mouse expressing an amyloidogenic variant of human apolipoprotein AII is promising to investigate the underlying pathophysiology of heart failure due to amyloidosis.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): Pfizer grant
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fauvel
- University Hospital of Rouen, Cardiology , Rouen , France
| | | | - C Heron
- INSERM U1096 , Rouen , France
| | - L Nicol
- INSERM U1096 , Rouen , France
| | | | | | - A Kalopissis
- Centre de Recherche de Cordeliers , Paris , France
| | - F Bauer
- University Hospital of Rouen, Cardiac Surgery , Rouen , France
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Heron C, Dumesnil A, Houssari M, Renet S, Lemarcis T, Lebon A, Godefroy D, Schapman D, Henri O, Riou G, Nicol L, Henry JP, Valet M, Pieronne-Deperrois M, Ouvrard-Pascaud A, Hägerling R, Chiavelli H, Michel JB, Mulder P, Fraineau S, Richard V, Tardif V, Brakenhielm E. Regulation and impact of cardiac lymphangiogenesis in pressure-overload-induced heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 119:492-505. [PMID: 35689481 PMCID: PMC10064842 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Lymphatics are essential for cardiac health, and insufficient lymphatic expansion (lymphangiogenesis) contributes to development of heart failure (HF) after myocardial infarction. However, the regulation and impact of lymphangiogenesis in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy following pressure-overload remains to be determined. Here, we investigated cardiac lymphangiogenesis following transversal aortic constriction (TAC) in C57Bl/6 and Balb/c mice, and in end-stage HF patients. METHODS & RESULTS Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography, and cardiac hypertrophy, lymphatics, inflammation, edema, and fibrosis by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, microgravimetry, and gene expression analysis. Treatment with neutralizing anti-VEGFR3 antibodies was applied to inhibit cardiac lymphangiogenesis in mice.We found that VEGFR3-signaling was essential to prevent cardiac lymphatic rarefaction after TAC in C57Bl/6 mice. While anti-VEGFR3-induced lymphatic rarefaction did not significantly aggravate myocardial edema post-TAC, cardiac immune cell levels were increased, notably myeloid cells at 3 weeks and T lymphocytes at 8 weeks. Moreover, whereas inhibition of lymphangiogenesis did not aggravate interstitial fibrosis, it increased perivascular fibrosis and accelerated development of left ventricular (LV) dilation and dysfunction. In clinical HF samples, cardiac lymphatic density tended to increased, although lymphatic sizes decreased, notably in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Similarly, comparing C57Bl/6 and Balb/c mice, lymphatic remodeling post-TAC was linked to LV dilation rather than to hypertrophy. The striking lymphangiogenesis in Balb/c was associated with reduced cardiac levels of macrophages, B cells, and perivascular fibrosis at 8 weeks post-TAC, as compared with C57Bl/6 mice that displayed weak lymphangiogenesis. Surprisingly, however, it did not suffice to resolve myocardial edema, nor prevent HF development.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Heron
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU CARNAVAL, Rouen, France
| | - A Dumesnil
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU CARNAVAL, Rouen, France
| | - M Houssari
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU CARNAVAL, Rouen, France
| | - S Renet
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU CARNAVAL, Rouen, France
| | - T Lemarcis
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU CARNAVAL, Rouen, France
| | - A Lebon
- Normandy University, UniRouen, PRIMACEN, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - D Godefroy
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm UMR1239 (DC2N Laboratory), Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - D Schapman
- Normandy University, UniRouen, PRIMACEN, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - O Henri
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU CARNAVAL, Rouen, France
| | - G Riou
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1234 (PANTHER Laboratory), Rouen, France
| | - L Nicol
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU CARNAVAL, Rouen, France
| | - J P Henry
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU CARNAVAL, Rouen, France
| | - M Valet
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU CARNAVAL, Rouen, France
| | - M Pieronne-Deperrois
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU CARNAVAL, Rouen, France
| | - A Ouvrard-Pascaud
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU CARNAVAL, Rouen, France
| | - R Hägerling
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - H Chiavelli
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU CARNAVAL, Rouen, France
| | - J B Michel
- UMR 1148, Inserm-Paris University, X. Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - P Mulder
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU CARNAVAL, Rouen, France
| | - S Fraineau
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU CARNAVAL, Rouen, France
| | - V Richard
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU CARNAVAL, Rouen, France
| | - V Tardif
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU CARNAVAL, Rouen, France
| | - E Brakenhielm
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU CARNAVAL, Rouen, France
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Bondetti M, González Carretero L, Dolbunova E, McGrath K, Presslee S, Lucquin A, Tsybriy V, Mazurkevich A, Tsybriy A, Jordan P, Heron C, Meadows J, Craig OE. Neolithic farmers or Neolithic foragers? Organic residue analysis of early pottery from Rakushechny Yar on the Lower Don (Russia). Archaeol Anthropol Sci 2021; 13:141. [PMID: 34777611 PMCID: PMC8550616 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-021-01412-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The emergence of pottery in Europe is associated with two distinct traditions: hunter-gatherers in the east of the continent during the early 6th millennium BC and early agricultural communities in the south-west in the late 7th millennium BC. Here we investigate the function of pottery from the site of Rakushechny Yar, located at the Southern fringe of Eastern Europe, in this putative contact zone between these two economic 'worlds'. To investigate, organic residue analysis was conducted on 120 samples from the Early Neolithic phase (ca. mid-6th millennium BC) along with microscopic and SEM analysis of associated foodcrusts. The results showed that the earliest phase of pottery use was predominantly used to process riverine resources. Many of the vessels have molecular and isotopic characteristics consistent with migratory fish, such as sturgeon, confirmed by the identification of sturgeon bony structures embedded in the charred surface deposits. There was no evidence of dairy products in any of the vessels, despite the fact these have been routinely identified in coeval sites to the south. Further analysis of some of the mammalian bones using ZooMS failed to demonstrate that domesticated animals were present in the Early Neolithic. Nevertheless, we argue that intensive exploitation of seasonally migratory fish, accompanied by large-scale pottery production, created storable surpluses that led to similar socio-economic outcomes as documented in early agricultural societies. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12520-021-01412-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Bondetti
- BioArCh, University of York, Environment Building, Wentworth Way Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
- Arctic Centre and Groningen Institute of Archaeology (GIA), University of Groningen, Aweg 30, 9718CW Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ekaterina Dolbunova
- Department of Scientific Research, The British Museum, London, WC1B 3DG UK
- Department of Archaeology of Eastern Europe and Siberia, The State Hermitage Museum, 34 Dvortsovaya Embankment, Saint Petersburg, 190000 Russian Federation
| | - Krista McGrath
- ICTA, Universitate Autonoma de Barcelona, UAB 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola), Building Z Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sam Presslee
- BioArCh, University of York, Environment Building, Wentworth Way Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Alexandre Lucquin
- BioArCh, University of York, Environment Building, Wentworth Way Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Viktor Tsybriy
- Don Archaeological Society, 95A M Gorkogo, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey Mazurkevich
- Department of Archaeology of Eastern Europe and Siberia, The State Hermitage Museum, 34 Dvortsovaya Embankment, Saint Petersburg, 190000 Russian Federation
| | - Andrey Tsybriy
- Don Archaeological Society, 95A M Gorkogo, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Peter Jordan
- Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carl Heron
- Department of Scientific Research, The British Museum, London, WC1B 3DG UK
| | - John Meadows
- Centre for Baltic and Scandinavian Archaeology (ZBSA), SchlossGottorf, Schleswig-Holstein State Museums Foundation, Schlossinsel 1, 24837 Schleswig, Germany
| | - Oliver E. Craig
- BioArCh, University of York, Environment Building, Wentworth Way Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
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Robson HK, Skipitytė R, Piličiauskienė G, Lucquin A, Heron C, Craig OE, Piličiauskas G. Diet, cuisine and consumption practices of the first farmers in the southeastern Baltic. Archaeol Anthropol Sci 2019; 11:4011-4024. [PMID: 31565086 PMCID: PMC6743674 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-019-00804-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With the arrival of the Early Neolithic Globular Amphora and Corded Ware cultures into the southeastern Baltic, ca. 2900/2800-2400 cal BC, a new type of economy was introduced, animal husbandry. However, the degree to which this transformed the subsistence economy is unknown. Here, we conducted organic residue analyses of 64 ceramic vessels to identify their contents. The vessels were sampled from 10 Lithuanian archaeological sites dating across the Subneolithic-Neolithic transition to the Early Bronze Age (ca. 2900/2800-1300 cal BC). Our results demonstrate that regardless of location or vessel type, many ceramics were used to process aquatic resources. Against our expectations, this association continued even after marked economic change concurrent with the migration of pastoralists from central and southeastern Europe, as evidenced by recent ancient DNA analysis of human remains. Moreover, we observed dairy fats in pottery from all cultures of the Early Neolithic (i.e. Rzucewo, Globular Amphora and Corded Ware) but unlike other regions of Europe, it seems that these were incorporated into indigenous culinary practices. Furthermore, some vessels were used to process plant foods, and others may have been used for the production and/or storage of birch bark tar. However, evidence for domesticated plant processing, for example millet, was absent. We show that organic residue analysis of pottery provides a different picture of past consumption patterns compared to the stable isotope analysis of human remains from isolated burials where a clear dietary shift is evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry K. Robson
- BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Raminta Skipitytė
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, Vilnius 10257, Lithuania
- Lithuanian Institute of History, Kražių st. 5, Vilnius 01108, Lithuania
| | - Giedrė Piličiauskienė
- Faculty of History, Vilnius University, Universiteto st. 7, Vilnius 01513, Lithuania
| | - Alexandre Lucquin
- BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Carl Heron
- Department of Scientific Research, The British Museum, Great Russell Street, London, WC1B 3DG, UK
| | - Oliver E. Craig
- BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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Heron C, Cusseau M, Danel Bulh N, Cortot A, Seignez B. Parcours de soins diététique en cancérologie : impact d’une prise en charge précoce ? Rev Mal Respir 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2016.10.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Heron C, Shoda S, Breu Barcons A, Czebreszuk J, Eley Y, Gorton M, Kirleis W, Kneisel J, Lucquin A, Müller J, Nishida Y, Son JH, Craig OE. First molecular and isotopic evidence of millet processing in prehistoric pottery vessels. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38767. [PMID: 28004742 PMCID: PMC5177950 DOI: 10.1038/srep38767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of organic residues in pottery vessels has been successful in detecting a range of animal and plant products as indicators of food preparation and consumption in the past. However, the identification of plant remains, especially grain crops in pottery, has proved elusive. Extending the spectrum is highly desirable, not only to strengthen our understanding of the dispersal of crops from centres of domestication but also to determine modes of food processing, artefact function and the culinary significance of the crop. Here, we propose a new approach to identify millet in pottery vessels, a crop that spread throughout much of Eurasia during prehistory following its domestication, most likely in northern China. We report the successful identification of miliacin (olean-18-en-3β-ol methyl ether), a pentacyclic triterpene methyl ether that is enriched in grains of common/broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum), in Bronze Age pottery vessels from the Korean Peninsula and northern Europe. The presence of millet is supported by enriched carbon stable isotope values of bulk charred organic matter sampled from pottery vessel surfaces and extracted n-alkanoic acids, consistent with a C4 plant origin. These data represent the first identification of millet in archaeological ceramic vessels, providing a means to track the introduction, spread and consumption of this important crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Heron
- Department of Archaeological Sciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Shinya Shoda
- BioArCh, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Adrià Breu Barcons
- Department of Archaeological Sciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Janusz Czebreszuk
- Instytut Prahistorii, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Wieniawskiego 1, 61-712 Poznań, Poland
| | - Yvette Eley
- Center for Integrative Geosciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, USA
| | - Marise Gorton
- Department of Archaeological Sciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Wiebke Kirleis
- Institute of Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology, Johanna-Mestorf-Straße 2-6, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jutta Kneisel
- Institute of Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology, Johanna-Mestorf-Straße 2-6, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Müller
- Institute of Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology, Johanna-Mestorf-Straße 2-6, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Yastami Nishida
- Niigata Prefectural Museum of History, Sekihara 1, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2035, Japan
| | - Joon-Ho Son
- Department of Archaeology and Art History, Korea University, 2511 Sechong-ro, Jochiweon-up, Sejong-si, 339-700, South Korea
| | - Oliver E Craig
- BioArCh, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
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Kuttapitiya A, Harrison A, Assi L, Christidis D, Ejindu V, Heron C, Howe F, Hing C, Mitchell P, Bridle S, Sofat N. THU0483 Relation of Synovitis, Effusions, Bone Marrow Lesions and Cartilage Damage to Pain Sensitisation in People with Knee Osteoarthritis Presenting for Total Knee Replacement: An Observational Study. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.1892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Craig OE, Allen RB, Thompson A, Stevens RE, Steele VJ, Heron C. Distinguishing wild ruminant lipids by gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2012; 26:2359-2364. [PMID: 22956328 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The carbon isotopic characterisation of ruminant lipids associated with ceramic vessels has been crucial for elucidating the origins and changing nature of pastoral economies. δ(13)C values of fatty acids extracted from potsherds are commonly compared with those from the dairy and carcass fats of modern domesticated animals to determine vessel use. However, the processing of wild ruminant products in pottery, such as deer, is rarely considered despite the presence of several different species on many prehistoric sites. To address this issue, the carbon isotope range of fatty acids from a number of red deer (Cervus elaphus) tissues, a species commonly encountered in the European archaeological record, was investigated. METHODS Lipids were extracted from 10 modern red deer tissues obtained from the Slowinski National Park (Poland). Fatty acids were fractionated, methylated and analysed by gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GCCIRMS). The δ(13)C values of n-octadecanoic acid and n-hexadecanoic acid, and the difference between these values (Δ(13)C), were compared with those from previously published ruminant fats. RESULTS Nine of the ten deer carcass fats measured have Δ(13)C values of less than -3.3‰, the threshold previously used for classifying dairy products. Despite considerable overlap, dairy fats from domesticated ruminants with Δ(13)C values less than -4.3‰ are still distinguishable. CONCLUSIONS The finding has implications for evaluating pottery use and early pastoralism. The processing of deer tissues and our revised criteria should be considered, especially where there is other archaeological evidence for their consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver E Craig
- BioArCh, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
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12
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Heron C. Organic Mass Spectrometry in Art and Archaeology. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1711-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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13
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Cheng L, Ezsias A, Tham L, Ghosh R, Watson D, Peters C, Ali E, Ratcliffe S, Levy S, Heron C. P51 The use of Tie-lok to secure endotracheal tube in challenging tracheostomy cases. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0266-4356(10)60142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Reynolds PPM, Heron C, Pilcher J, Kiely PDW. Prediction of erosion progression using ultrasound in established rheumatoid arthritis: a 2-year follow-up study. Skeletal Radiol 2009; 38:473-8. [PMID: 19259659 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-009-0670-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2008] [Revised: 01/13/2009] [Accepted: 02/13/2009] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine whether a range of single-time-point ultrasound (US) measures of synovial disease and serologic characteristics were able to predict progression of US-defined erosive disease in patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty patients were studied prospectively. At baseline, subjective US measures of bone damage and synovial disease, including grayscale and power Doppler (PD) scores pre- and post-Sonovue contrast, were obtained from one proximal inter-phalangeal or metacarpo-phalangeal joint per patient. After a minimum of 2 years, the same joints were scanned to obtain a new US erosion score. RESULTS Follow-up US erosion scores were obtained in 25 joints. Progressive US determined that bone damage occurred in 12/25 joints, including four of eight treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy. Baseline erosion scores were significantly higher in joints that did not show progressive bone damage in the entire cohort (p = 0.05, n = 25) and a subgroup treated with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (p = 0.015, n = 17). There were no other significant differences in baseline US or serologic scores between joints that developed progressive damage and those that did not. CONCLUSIONS The majority of single-time-point US measures of synovial disease were not able to identify metacarpo-phalangeal or inter-phalangeal joint destined to develop progressive US-determined bone damage in patients with established RA. This may reflect the use of single-time-point measures, insensitivity of the US erosion score, and the long duration of RA disease in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P M Reynolds
- Department of Rheumatology, St. Georges Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
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Hameed B, Pilcher J, Heron C, Kiely PDW. The relation between composite ultrasound measures and the DAS28 score, its components and acute phase markers in adult RA. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2007; 47:476-80. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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16
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Rees JD, Pilcher J, Heron C, Kiely PDW. A comparison of clinical vs ultrasound determined synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis utilizing gray-scale, power Doppler and the intravenous microbubble contrast agent 'Sono-Vue'. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2006; 46:454-9. [PMID: 16899500 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kel256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is assessed clinically by the presence of joint tenderness and swelling. Synovial thickening and increased vascularity may also be detected by high-resolution ultrasonography (US) and power Doppler (PD). This study investigated the relationship between clinical and sonographic features of synovial disease utilizing US, PD and the contrast agent Sono-Vue. METHODS Forty RA patients were recruited. One proximal inter-phalangeal or metacarpophalangeal joint was selected per patient, as being unambiguously either: swollen and tender, just swollen, just tender or neither swollen nor tender (Nil). Ten joints were selected per clinical group. On US, the mean synovial thickness was measured and synovial hypertrophy and erosions were graded subjectively. Synovial vascularity demonstrated by PD was scored subjectively pre- and post-contrast. RESULTS All grades of synovial vascularity were found in each clinical group including the Nil group. There were significant differences between the four clinical groups for both synovial hypertrophy (P = 0.024) and PD scores pre- (P = 0.022) and post- (P = 0.039) contrast. Tender-only joints showed significantly less vascularity than other groups. Post-contrast, the median PD scores increased in all but the Nil group, in some cases from the normal to abnormal range. CONCLUSION Synovitis demonstrated by US and PD is not predicted by patterns of disease as described by joint swelling and tenderness despite unambiguous selection of joints. Synovial vascularity was the least in tender-only joints and was heterogeneous in all other groups, including Nil joints. These findings question the reliability of traditional clinical signs in RA synovitis assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Rees
- Department of Rheumatology, St George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Khoo LAL, Heron C, Patel U, Given-Wilson R, Grundy A, Khaw KT, Dundas D. The diagnostic contribution of the frontal lumbar spine radiograph in community referred low back pain--a prospective study of 1030 patients. Clin Radiol 2003; 58:606-9. [PMID: 12887953 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9260(03)00173-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM The diagnostic contribution of the anteroposterior (AP) view was studied to assess whether this view could be omitted safely, thus reducing the radiation burden received by patients undergoing lumbar spine radiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prospective analysis of 1030 consecutive referrals for lumbar spine radiography from general practice. RESULTS In the majority of cases (90.5%) the AP view was non-contributory. In 4.2% the diagnosis was strengthened and it was altered in 4.6%. However, in the latter group only 1.3% of the total were considered significant alterations. These were cases of possible, but not definite, pars defects and sacroiliitis. Specific important conditions such as infection, malignancy and benign tumours were not missed on the lateral view alone, in our study population. The radiation burden is reduced by 75% by omitting the AP view. CONCLUSION A single lateral view is an adequate examination, with the proviso that sacroiliac joint disease is not assessed on this view and some pars defects and facet joint degenerative changes may be overlooked. The radiation protection gains are considerable. A single lateral lumbar view is now our routine practice unless sacroiliitis is a specific clinical concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A L Khoo
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, St George's Hospital, London, UK.
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18
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Rousset JJ, Heron C, Metrot P. [Human helminthiasis at the Gauls]. Hist Sci Med 2001; 30:41-6. [PMID: 11624833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
It was possible to realize a salvaging in urgency in a building site into the enclosure of the Hôpital Avicenne in Bobigny (seine-Saint-Denis). Into ditches, traces of a native farm from the second century AC, near miscellaneous objects (pots, hatchets, fibules, pieces) was found twelve skeletons. In the ground, extracted between the wings of ilium of an adult skeleton, with an appropriated technical, it was possible to find eggs of Trichuris trichiura and a lot of eggs of Ascaris lumbrocoides. It proves, the human manure was used very probably in the gaul gardens.
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Axford JS, Howe FA, Heron C, Griffiths JR. Sensitivity of quantitative (1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the brain in detecting early neuronal damage in systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 2001; 60:106-11. [PMID: 11156541 PMCID: PMC1753471 DOI: 10.1136/ard.60.2.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify N-acetylaspartate (NAA), total creatines (tCr), total cholines (tCho), and myo-inositol (mI) levels in normal and abnormal appearing white matter of patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) in order to determine the specific changes in metabolite concentrations. METHODS Axial proton density and T(2) weighted magnetic resonance images, and short echo time (TE 30 ms) (1)H spectra were acquired with a GE SIGNA 1.5 T magnetic resonance system. Concentrations of NAA, tCr, tCho, and mI were determined, using brain tissue water as a reference, from nine patients (seven female, mean age 40.3 years, range 16-65) with NPSLE and eight healthy women (mean age 43 years, range 31-65). RESULTS A significant rise of tCho (12.4%, p<0.05) and mI (31.4%, p<0.005) and a significant reduction in NAA (-12%, p<0.05) was found in normal appearing white matter compared with controls. Analysis according to severity of the clinical NPSLE features (subgrouped as major or minor) showed that SLE major had reduced NAA compared with SLE minor (-18.4%, p<0.05) and controls (-20%, p<0.005). The SLE major group showed a significant rise of mI (32%, p<0.01) and the SLE minor group a significant increase in tCho (18.6%, p<0.05) compared with controls. Longitudinal analysis of brain metabolites in normal appearing white matter showed consistent abnormalities in NAA, tCho, and mI in a patient with stable clinical features and a constant rise of tCho, but transient rise of mI was seen during a flare of disease in another patient. CONCLUSION Quantitative (1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) suggests a particular course of neurometabolite changes that precedes irreversible reductions in NAA and permanent neuronal loss. Initially, in patients with SLE minor, there is a significant rise in tCho and a trend (reversible) for mI also to be raised. In patients with SLE major the NAA is significantly and permanently reduced and mI is significantly raised, whereas the tCho levels are near normal. Further investigations are needed to determine how specific MRS is as a clinical marker for brain disturbance in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Axford
- Academic Unit for Musculoskeletal Disease, St George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK.
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Heron C. Speech and language therapy for adults in Hackney: an assessment of need. Int J Lang Commun Disord 2001; 36 Suppl:46-51. [PMID: 11340832 DOI: 10.3109/13682820109177857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
With the development of separate community and the hospital trusts in the London borough of Hackney, at a time of increasing numbers and range of referrals, a number of gaps in service became apparent. The need for community adult speech and language therapy (SLT) in Hackney was identified, based on previous studies and other relevant literature. Comparison with services locally and nationally shows clearly that Hackney, in having virtually no community SLT for adults, is significantly disadvantaged. It was intended that this work would result in the widest consultation and discussion by the relevant agencies to explore ways of meeting this need.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Heron
- Homerton Hospital NHS Trust, Homerton Row, London E9 6SR.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pachymeningitis is a fibrous inflammatory process with non-specific symptoms, involving the dura mater. Due to MRI development, diagnosis is both easier and earlier. CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND KEY POINTS We report seven cases and review current literature. Clinical features are headaches and cranial nerve palsies. CSF shows inflammatory changes, while MRI evidences thickening of the dura mater. Disease etiologies in the present study were tuberculosis in two cases, sarcoidosis, Lyme disease, lymphoma and dural puncture; in one case only the disease was of unknown origin. The condition of six patients improved with specific treatment. FUTURE PROSPECTS AND PROJECTS Further MRI development should allow detection of new forms of pachymeningitis and standardization of patients' management through the study of more important series.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Fain
- Service de médecine interne, hôpital Jean-Verdier, Bondy, France
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Abstract
This study present an approach designed to calculate input provided by a speech and language therapy service. A case weighting system was developed in order to evaluate the cost of services, predict the need for intervention, balance and prioritise the caseload among therapists. It is suggested that this approach can be use widely in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Papathanasiou
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurology, University of London
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Papathanasiou I, Macfarlane S, Heron C. A case of verbal auditory agnosia: missing the word ... missing the sound... Int J Lang Commun Disord 1998; 33 Suppl:214-217. [PMID: 10343694 DOI: 10.3109/13682829809179425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The neuropsychological nature of verbal auditory agnosia is not fully understood. This study aims to describe the language deficits and the remediation strategies used in a person with verbal auditory agnosia. In addition, it will address the theoretical issues concerning the nature of the phenomenon and the clinical implications in the management of people with this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Papathanasiou
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurology, University of London
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Gaudouen Y, Heron C, Gallais V, Laroche L, Krivitzky A. Amylose secondaire diffuse liée à une acné conglobata. Rev Med Interne 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(98)90215-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Bickford PC, Adams CE, Boyson SJ, Curella P, Gerhardt GA, Heron C, Ivy GO, Lin AM, Murphy MP, Poth K, Wallace DR, Young DA, Zahniser NR, Rose GM. Long-term treatment of male F344 rats with deprenyl: assessment of effects on longevity, behavior, and brain function. Neurobiol Aging 1997; 18:309-18. [PMID: 9263197 DOI: 10.1016/s0197-4580(97)80313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
L-Deprenyl (selegiline) was chronically administered to male Fischer 344 rats via their drinking water beginning at 54 weeks of age (estimated daily dose: 0.5 mg/kg/day). Beginning at 84 weeks of age, the rats were behaviorally evaluated using a sensorimotor battery, a motor-learning task, and the Morris water maze. At 118 weeks of age, cerebellar noradrenergic function was evaluated in the surviving rats using in vivo electrochemistry. The rats were then sacrificed to measure brain monoamine oxidase activity and perform quantitative autoradiography to evaluate the effect of chronic deprenyl treatment on beta-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellum, alpha 2-adrenergic receptors several brain regions, and D1 and D2 dopamine receptors in the striatum. Deprenyl treatment reduced brain monoamine oxidase B activity by 85%, but had no effect on brain monoamine oxidase A. A clear effect of chronic deprenyl treatment upon longevity was not observed. Several measures of CNS function were altered in the deprenyl-treated animals: 1) spatial learning in the Morris water maze was improved; 2) electrochemical signals recorded following local application of NE were reduced, and the responsiveness to the reuptake blocker nomifensine was enhanced, in the cerebellum; 3) beta-adrenergic receptor binding affinity was increased in the cerebellum; 4) alpha 2-adrenergic receptor density was increased in the inferior colliculus; and 5) striatal D1 dopamine receptor density was reduced but binding affinity was enhanced. In contrast, chronic deprenyl treatment did not cause changes in: 1) sensorimotor function, as evaluated by balance beam, inclined screen, or wire hang tasks; 2) motor learning; 3) alpha 2-adrenergic receptor density in any region examined except for the inferior colliculus, or binding affinity in any region examined; or 4) striatal D2 dopamine receptor number or affinity. Thus, long-term oral administration of deprenyl extended the functional life span of rats with respect to cognitive, but not motor, performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Bickford
- Medical Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, CO 80220, USA
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Lowe B, Hutchison P, Heron C, Brenner B, Kruger S, Cadwallader J. Treatment of male infertility: the ICSI revolution is secure. N Z Med J 1996; 109:303-4. [PMID: 8773679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Abstract
Performance of rats on a motor learning paradigm that has been demonstrated to be dependent upon cerebellar norepinephrine (NE) was studied in male F344 rats treated with an alpha 1 antagonist (prazosin), an alpha 2 antagonist (yohimbine) or a beta noradrenergic antagonist (propranolol). The ability of propranolol-treated rats (10 mg/kg i.p. 30 min prior to daily testing) to acquire proficiency on the novel motor task was impaired while prazosin-treated rats' (0.5 mg/kg i.p. 30 min prior to daily testing) and yohimbine-treated rats' (1 mg/kg i.p. 30 min prior to daily testing) rates of acquisition of the novel motor task were not different from controls. In an attempt to distinguish between alterations in motor coordination and motor learning, additional tests of psychomotor performance were assessed for all groups of rats. These examinations included a walking test on 2.5 and 5 cm rods and speed of running on the motor task. The data indicate that drug-treated rats show no difference from controls on the above parameters. Some differences, however, were observed between propranolol and controls in the time spent in the goal box. Overall, the data are consistent with our hypothesis that the beta noradrenergic receptor is involved in the ability to acquire novel motor tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Heron
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, Denver, CO, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Murray
- Department of Radiology, St George's Hospital, London, UK
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29
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Abstract
A magnetic resonance imaging sequence, combining fat and flow suppression with T2 weighting, has been used to produce high conspicuity images of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel. Standard maximum intensity projection techniques were then used to produce three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of the nerve. Comparison of 3D projections with the wrist in a neutral position and wrist flexed at 45 degrees depicted changes in the shape and course of the median nerve through the carpal tunnel of normal volunteers. In some cases of carpal tunnel syndrome evidence of a localized compression was observed. A 3D image of a nerve may help in the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy and be an aid to surgery of or near major nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Howe
- CRC Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK
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Abstract
The mode of cell death in Parkinson's disease (PD) substantia nigra is uncertain. However, evidence is accumulating that certain of the biochemical abnormalities present in PD nigra at the time of death may precipitate apoptosis. We have investigated the mode of death induced by complex I inhibition of dopaminergic cell cultures, and our results suggest that both 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and rotenone cause apoptosis at low concentrations and necrosis at high concentrations. This dose-dependent shift in the mode of cell death induced by these mitochondrial toxins may have important implications for the mechanisms of neuronal cell death in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hartley
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, England
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32
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Heron C. Magnetic resonance imaging in joint disease. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 1994; 51:97-101. [PMID: 8193848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging permits accurate and non-invasive assessment of the internal structure of joints. Consequently, it is reducing the requirement for both arthrography and diagnostic arthroscopy in the evaluation of patients with suspected internal derangement of joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Heron
- MRI Unit, St George's Hospital, London
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33
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Heron C. Book reviewsMRI of the Wrist and Hand. By ReicherM. A. and KellerhouseL. E., pp. xiii + 214 (Raven Press, New York), $107.00. ISBN 0–88167–664–0. Br J Radiol 1992. [DOI: 10.1259/0007-1285-65-779-1064-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vinnicombe
- Department of Radiology, St George's Hospital, London, UK
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Bickford P, Heron C, Young DA, Gerhardt GA, De La Garza R. Impaired acquisition of novel locomotor tasks in aged and norepinephrine-depleted F344 rats. Neurobiol Aging 1992; 13:475-81. [PMID: 1508298 DOI: 10.1016/0197-4580(92)90075-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Performance of rats on a motor learning paradigm that has been demonstrated to be dependent upon cerebellar norepinephrine (NE) was studied in 20-month-old F344 rats. The behavioral task is identical to that described by Watson and McElligott: Rats are trained on a runway consisting of aluminum pegs arranged in a regular pattern. Rats receive a water reward at either end of the runway. Subsequent to training, rats are tested for running times on a runway with irregularly spaced rods. The ability of rats to improve their performance (decrease their running times) on this novel motor task is diminished in young rats that have received 6-hydroxydopamine lesions. Rats at 20 months of age are known to have deficits in cerebellar noradrenergic transmission; thus, the hypothesis to be tested was to determine if aged rats demonstrated performance deficits similar to young rats depleted of central stores of NE. The rate of acquisition of the task was determined by the decrease in running times with successive days of training. The ability of 20-month-old F344 rats to acquire proficiency on the novel motor task was impaired and the rate of acquisition of the novel motor task was not different from the young 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats. In an attempt to distinguish between alterations in motor coordination and motor learning, additional tests of psychomotor performance were assessed for all groups of rats. These tests included a walking on 2.5- and 5-cm rods, speed of running on the motor task, and number and types of mistakes made on the motor learning task.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bickford
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, Denver, CO 80217
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36
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Heron C. Book reviewsMRI of the Musculoskeletal System—A Teaching File. Ed. by MinkJerrold H. and DeutschAndrew L., pp. xv+607, 1990 (Raven Press, New York), $144.00. ISBN 0–88167–559–8. Br J Radiol 1991. [DOI: 10.1259/0007-1285-64-767-1078-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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37
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Heron C. Book reviewsMRI Musculoskeletal System. By BeltranJavier, pp. xi+344, 1990 (J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia), $79.50. ISBN 0–397–44644–6. Br J Radiol 1991. [DOI: 10.1259/0007-1285-64-767-1078-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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38
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Hardy JR, Powles TJ, Judson I, Heron C, Williams M, Cherryman G, Husband J, Cosgrove D, Blaszcyzyk M, Sinnett HD. How many tests are required in the diagnosis of palpable breast abnormalities? Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 1990; 2:148-52. [PMID: 2261402 DOI: 10.1016/s0936-6555(05)80148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Palpable breast nodules in 143 patients attending our primary diagnosis breast clinics were assessed by clinical examination, needle cytology, mammography, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The diagnostic accuracy of all test combinations was compared with the final diagnosis of malignant or benign disease. Two-test combinations increased the sensitivity of diagnosis over that of the individual tests to between 93% and 100% except for MRI/mammography and MRI/cytology. The combinations of three or more tests increased the sensitivity further, but at the expense of an increased false-positive rate. MRI does not appear to have an important role in the primary diagnosis of breast cancer. Mammography is necessary because of the possibility of occult or multifocal disease. Clinical examination was associated with a high false-positive rate. The combination of cytology and ultrasound was best at correctly diagnosing malignancy, but in this series only 42% of patients underwent ultrasound examination. The role of breast ultrasound together with needle aspiration cytology for the diagnosis of malignancy in palpable breast nodules deserves further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Hardy
- Department of Radiology, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK
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39
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Evershed RP, Heron C, Goad LJ. Analysis of organic residues of archaeological origin by high-temperature gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Analyst 1990. [DOI: 10.1039/an9901501339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Quigley M, Brada M, Heron C, Horwich A. Severe lung toxicity with a weekly low dose chemotherapy regimen in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Hematol Oncol 1988; 6:319-24. [PMID: 2460399 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2900060407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nineteen patients in poor prognostic subgroups of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were treated with weekly chemotherapy consisting of low dose mitoxantrone and cyclophosphamide alternating with bleomycin and vincristine together with continuous oral prednisolone. Six patients developed pneumonitis which was severe in five patients. This occurred at total bleomycin doses of less than 50 U/m2 and cyclophosphamide less than 1875 mg/m2. The 31 per cent incidence of pneumonitis following low dose bleomycin suggests an increased susceptibility to drug-induced pulmonary damage in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Quigley
- Institute of Cancer Research, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey
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Abstract
The abdominal radiographs of 74 patients with calcific pancreatitis were reviewed to assess the distribution, density and patterns of calcification. These characteristics were compared with the results of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and ultrasonography. There was a decreasing gradient of calcification from head to tail in most patients. Foci of calcification greater than 5 mm in diameter were almost always associated with pancreatic duct obstruction. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography did not provide additional diagnostic information and is unnecessary in calcific pancreatitis except when a precise map is required before operation.
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Abstract
There are theoretical reasons for expecting some aspects of image quality in intravenous urography to be modified when low-osmolality, rather than conventional, contrast agents are used. The clinical findings in urography using two of these, the non-ionic agents iohexol (Omnipaque 350, Nyegaard) and iopamidol (Niopam 370, Bracco/Merck), are compared with those using sodium iothalamate (Conray 420, May & Baker Ltd), and are discussed against this theoretical background. The best nephrogram obtained with the new agents often occurred later than with the conventional agent, but quantitative differences in its density were explicable on a total iodine dose basis. The pyelographic density obtained with the new agents was significantly greater than with the conventional agent without any evidence, when abdominal compression was used, of the predicted associated poor distension of the collecting system.
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Heron C. Focus on the elderly: communication problems. Nurs Mirror 1983; 157:suppl ix-xi. [PMID: 6555820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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44
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Bussi S, Bouveret C, Heron C. [Mushroom worker's lung. 1 case]. Nouv Presse Med 1979; 8:3059. [PMID: 574952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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45
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Heron C, Smith S, Ragan CI. An analysis of the polypeptide composition of bovine heart mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase by two-dimensional polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. Biochem J 1979; 181:435-43. [PMID: 496892 PMCID: PMC1161175 DOI: 10.1042/bj1810435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Purified preparations of Complex I (NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase) from bovine heart mitochondria may be resolved into 26 polypeptides by two-dimensional analysis combining isoelectric focusing and polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulphate. Similar analyses of the fragments obtained from chaotropic resolution of the enzyme show that each of these fragments contains a distinct and non-overlapping set of polypeptides. Evidence that the polypeptides seen in the intact enzyme are true constituents comes from analyses of immunoprecipitates obtained by allowing Complex I or solubilized submitochondrial particles to react with antisera directed against the whole enzyme and a subfragment of the enzyme.
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46
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Heron C, Gore MG, Ragan CI. The effects of lipid phase transitions on the interaction of mitochondrial NADH--ubiquinone oxidoreductase with ubiquinol--cytochrome c oxidoreductase. Biochem J 1979; 178:415-26. [PMID: 220964 PMCID: PMC1186530 DOI: 10.1042/bj1780415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
1. The endogenous phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine of Complexes I and III from bovine heart mitochondria may be completely replaced with 1,2-ditetradecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine with at least partial retention of activity. 2. The lipid-replaced enzymes associate in 1:1 molar ratio to give a Complex I--III unit catalysing NADH-cytochrome c oxidoreductase activity. 3. On increasing the concentration of ubiquinone-10 and the synthetic phospholipid, the lipid-replaced Complexes appear to operate independently of each other as in the natural membrane. Thus the lipid-replaced enzymes associate in exactly the same ways as the enzymes containing natural phospholipids. 4. Arrhenius plots of NADH--cytochrome c oxidoreductase activity reconstituted from lipid-replaced Complexes I and III exhibit changes in slope at 24 degrees C. When the concentrations of phospholipid and ubiquinone-10 are increased, the Arrhenius plots show discontinuities at 24 degrees C as well as changes in slope. 5. The kinetics of cytochrome b reduction by NADH were measured in mixtures containing 2 mol of Complex III/mol of Complex I. When the enzymes contained natural phospholipids. the reduction kinetics were biphasic. When the enzymes had been supplemented with further phospholipid and ubiquinone-10 the kinetics were monophasic. When lipid-replaced enzymes were supplemented with 1,2-ditetradecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and ubiquinone-10, reduction of cytochrome b was monophasic above the phase-transition temperature of the lipid but biphasic below it. 6. These findings are interpreted in terms of the model for the interaction of Complexes in the natural membrane proposed by Heron, Ragan & Trum-power [(1978) Biochem. J. 174, 791--800].
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Heron C, Ragan CI, Trumpower BL. The interaction between mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase and ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase. Restoration of ubiquinone-pool behaviour. Biochem J 1978; 174:791-800. [PMID: 215123 PMCID: PMC1185984 DOI: 10.1042/bj1740791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
1. In the inner mitochondrial membrane, dehydrogenases and cytochromes appear to act independently of each other, and electron transport has been proposed to occur through a mobile pool of ubiquinone-10 molecules [Kröger & Klingenberg (1973) Eur. J. Biochem. 34, 358--368]. 2. Such behaviour can be restored to the interaction between purified Complex I and Complex III by addition of phospholipid and ubiquinone-10 to a concentrated mixture of the Complexes before dilution. 3. A model is proposed for the interaction of Complex I with Complex III in the natural membrane that emphasizes relative mobility of the Complexes rather than ubiquinone-10. Electron transfer occurs only through stoicheiometric Complex I-Complex III units, which, however, are formed and re-formed at rates higher than the rate of electron transfer.
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48
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Ragan CI, Heron C. The interaction between mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase and ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase. Evidence for stoicheiometric association. Biochem J 1978; 174:783-90. [PMID: 215122 PMCID: PMC1185983 DOI: 10.1042/bj1740783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
1. The NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex (Complex I) and the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase complex (Complex III) combine in a 1:1 molar ratio to give NADH-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (Complex I-Complex III). 2. Experiments on the inhibition of the NADH-cytochrome c oxidoreductase activity of mixtures of Complexes I and III by rotenone and antimycin indicate that electron transfer between a unit of Complex I-Complex III and extra molecules of Complexes I or III does not contribute to the overall rate of cytochrome c reduction. 3. The reduction by NADH of the cytochrome b of mixtures of Complexes I and III is biphasic. The extents of the fast and slow phases of reduction are determined by the proportion of the total Complex III specifically associated with Complex I. 4. Activation-energy measurements suggest that the structural features of the Complex I-Complex III unit promote oxidoreduction of endogenous ubiquinone-10.
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Heron C, Corina D, Ragan CI. The phospholipid annulus of mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone reductase: a dual phospholipid requirement for enzyme activity. FEBS Lett 1977; 79:399-403. [PMID: 891954 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(77)80830-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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