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Ernst AF, Timmerman ME, Ji F, Jeronimus BF, Albers CJ. Mixture multilevel vector-autoregressive modeling. Psychol Methods 2024; 29:137-154. [PMID: 37561488 DOI: 10.1037/met0000551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
With the rising popularity of intensive longitudinal research, the modeling techniques for such data are increasingly focused on individual differences. Here we present mixture multilevel vector-autoregressive modeling, which extends multilevel vector-autoregressive modeling by including a mixture, to identify individuals with similar traits and dynamic processes. This exploratory model identifies mixture components, where each component refers to individuals with similarities in means (expressing traits), autoregressions, and cross-regressions (expressing dynamics), while allowing for some interindividual differences in these attributes. Key issues in modeling are discussed, where the issue of centering predictors is examined in a small simulation study. The proposed model is validated in a simulation study and used to analyze the affective data from the COGITO study. These data consist of samples for two different age groups of over 100 individuals each who were measured for about 100 days. We demonstrate the advantage of exploratory identifying mixture components by analyzing these heterogeneous samples jointly. The model identifies three distinct components, and we provide an interpretation for each component motivated by developmental psychology. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja F Ernst
- Department Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen
| | | | - Feng Ji
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto
| | | | - Casper J Albers
- Department Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen
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2
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Frans N, Hummelen B, Albers CJ, Paap MC. Visualizing Uncertainty to Promote Clinicians' Understanding of Measurement Error. Assessment 2023; 30:2449-2460. [PMID: 36726201 PMCID: PMC10623599 DOI: 10.1177/10731911221147042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Measurement error is an inherent part of any test score. This uncertainty is generally communicated in ways that can be difficult to understand for clinical practitioners. In this empirical study, we evaluate the impact of several communication formats on the interpretation of measurement accuracy and its influence on the decision-making process in clinical practice. We provided 230 clinical practitioners with score reports in five formats: textual, error bar, violin plot, diamond plot, and quantile dot plot. We found that quantile dot plots significantly increased accuracy in the assessment of measurement uncertainty compared with other formats. However, a direct relation between visualization format and decision quality could not be found. Although traditional confidence intervals and error bars were favored by many participants due to their familiarity, responses revealed several misconceptions that make the suitability of these formats for communicating uncertainty questionable. Our results indicate that new visualization formats can successfully reduce errors in interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niek Frans
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Hummelen
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Casper J. Albers
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Muirne C.S. Paap
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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3
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Steenhuis LA, Harms T, Nauta MH, Bartels-Velthuis AA, Albers CJ, Aleman A, Vos M, Pijnenborg GHM, van den Berg D, Palstra EC, Wigman JTW, Booij SH. The dynamics of social activation and suspiciousness in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis. Schizophr Res 2023; 262:67-75. [PMID: 37925753 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Social functioning is often impaired during the ultra-high risk (UHR) phase for psychosis, but group-level studies regarding the role of social functioning in transition to psychosis are inconsistent. Exploring the inter-individual differences which underlie the association between social functioning and psychotic symptoms in this phase could yield new insights. OBJECTIVE To examine the idiographic and dynamic association between social activation and suspiciousness in individuals at UHR for psychosis using time-series analysis. METHODS Twenty individuals at UHR for psychosis completed a diary application every evening for 90 days. Two items on social activation (quantity: 'time spent alone' and quality: 'feeling supported') and two items on suspiciousness ('feeling suspicious' and 'feeling disliked') were used. Time series (T = 90) of each individual were analyzed using vector auto regression analysis (VAR), to estimate the lagged (over 1 day) effect of social activation on suspiciousness, and vice versa, as well as their contemporaneous associations. RESULTS Heterogeneous person-specific associations between social activation and suspiciousness were found in terms of strength, direction and temporal aspects. CONCLUSIONS The association between social activation and suspiciousness differs amongst individuals who are at UHR for psychosis. These findings underline the importance of tailoring psychosocial interventions to the individual. Future studies may examine whether using results of single-subject studies in clinical practice to personalize treatment goals leads to better treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Steenhuis
- University of Groningen, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS Groningen, the Netherlands; GGZ Drenthe, Department of Psychotic Disorders, Dennenweg 9, 9404 LA Assen, the Netherlands.
| | - Tim Harms
- University of Groningen, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maaike H Nauta
- University of Groningen, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Agna A Bartels-Velthuis
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, Rob Giel Research Center, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Casper J Albers
- University of Groningen, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Department of Psychometrics & Statistics, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - André Aleman
- University of Groningen, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten Vos
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, Rob Giel Research Center, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerdina H M Pijnenborg
- University of Groningen, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS Groningen, the Netherlands; GGZ Drenthe, Department of Psychotic Disorders, Dennenweg 9, 9404 LA Assen, the Netherlands
| | - David van den Berg
- VU University and Amsterdam Public Health Research, Department of Clinical Psychology, van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychosis Research, Zoutkeetsingel 40, 2512 HN The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Eline C Palstra
- VU University and Amsterdam Public Health Research, Department of Clinical Psychology, van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychosis Research, Zoutkeetsingel 40, 2512 HN The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Johanna T W Wigman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, Rob Giel Research Center, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neuroscience, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne H Booij
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neuroscience, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Kooiman BEAM, Robberegt SJ, Albers CJ, Bockting CLH, Stikkelbroek YAJ, Nauta MH. Congruency of multimodal data-driven personalization with shared decision-making for StayFine: individualized app-based relapse prevention for anxiety and depression in young people. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1229713. [PMID: 37840790 PMCID: PMC10570515 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1229713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tailoring interventions to the individual has been hypothesized to improve treatment efficacy. Personalization of target-specific underlying mechanisms might improve treatment effects as well as adherence. Data-driven personalization of treatment, however, is still in its infancy, especially concerning the integration of multiple sources of data-driven advice with shared decision-making. This study describes an innovative type of data-driven personalization in the context of StayFine, a guided app-based relapse prevention intervention for 13- to 21-year-olds in remission of anxiety or depressive disorders (n = 74). Participants receive six modules, of which three are chosen from five optional modules. Optional modules are Enhancing Positive Affect, Behavioral Activation, Exposure, Sleep, and Wellness. All participants receive Psycho-Education, Cognitive Restructuring, and a Relapse Prevention Plan. The personalization approach is based on four sources: (1) prior diagnoses (diagnostic interview), (2) transdiagnostic psychological factors (online self-report questionnaires), (3) individual symptom networks (ecological momentary assessment, based on a two-week diary with six time points per day), and subsequently, (4) patient preference based on shared decision-making with a trained expert by experience. This study details and evaluates this innovative type of personalization approach, comparing the congruency of advised modules between the data-driven sources (1-3) with one another and with the chosen modules during the shared decision-making process (4). The results show that sources of data-driven personalization provide complementary advice rather than a confirmatory one. The indications of the modules Exposure and Behavioral Activation were mostly based on the diagnostic interview, Sleep on the questionnaires, and Enhancing Positive Affect on the network model. Shared decision-making showed a preference for modules improving positive concepts rather than combating negative ones, as an addition to the data-driven advice. Future studies need to test whether treatment outcomes and dropout rates are improved through personalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas E. A. M. Kooiman
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Depression Expertise Centre-Youth, GGZ Oost Brabant, Boekel, Netherlands
| | - Suzanne J. Robberegt
- Depression Expertise Centre-Youth, GGZ Oost Brabant, Boekel, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centres–Location AMC, Amsterdam Public Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Casper J. Albers
- Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Claudi L. H. Bockting
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centres–Location AMC, Amsterdam Public Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yvonne A. J. Stikkelbroek
- Depression Expertise Centre-Youth, GGZ Oost Brabant, Boekel, Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Maaike H. Nauta
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Accare Child Study Centre, Groningen, Netherlands
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Ernst AF, Albers CJ, Timmerman ME. A comprehensive model framework for between-individual differences in longitudinal data. Psychol Methods 2023:2023-80142-001. [PMID: 37307355 DOI: 10.1037/met0000585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Across different fields of research, the similarities and differences between various longitudinal models are not always eminently clear due to differences in data structure, application area, and terminology. Here we propose a comprehensive model framework that will allow simple comparisons between longitudinal models, to ease their empirical application and interpretation. At the within-individual level, our model framework accounts for various attributes of longitudinal data, such as growth and decline, cyclical trends, and the dynamic interplay between variables over time. At the between-individual level, our framework contains continuous and categorical latent variables to account for between-individual differences. This framework encompasses several well-known longitudinal models, including multilevel regression models, growth curve models, growth mixture models, vector-autoregressive models, and multilevel vector-autoregressive models. The general model framework is specified and its key characteristics are illustrated using famous longitudinal models as concrete examples. Various longitudinal models are reviewed and it is shown that all these models can be united into our comprehensive model framework. Extensions to the model framework are discussed. Recommendations for selecting and specifying longitudinal models are made for empirical researchers who aim to account for between-individual differences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja F Ernst
- Department Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen
| | - Casper J Albers
- Department Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen
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Hoorelbeke K, Van den Bergh N, De Raedt R, Wichers M, Albers CJ, Koster EHW. Regaining control of your emotions? Investigating the mechanisms underlying effects of cognitive control training for remitted depressed patients. Emotion 2023; 23:194-213. [PMID: 35175068 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Studies suggest that cognitive control training shows potential as a preventive intervention for depression. At the same time, little is known regarding the mechanisms underlying effects of cognitive control training. Informed by theoretical frameworks of cognitive risk for recurrent depression (De Raedt & Koster, 2010; Siegle et al., 2007), the current study sought to model direct effects of cognitive control training on the complex interplay between affect, emotion regulation, residual symptomatology, and resilience in a sample of remitted depressed patients (n = 92). Combining a 4-week experience sampling procedure with an experimental manipulation of cognitive control, we observed beneficial effects of cognitive control training on deployment of rumination. In addition, we obtained evidence for the causal involvement of cognitive control in efficacy of emotion regulation. In contrast to our expectations, cognitive control training did not exert immediate effects on residual symptomatology or resilience when compared with an active control condition, nor did cognitive control training impact the complex interplay between these variables. Overall, immediate effects of cognitive control training on functioning in daily life were limited. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rudi De Raedt
- Psychopathology and Affective Neuroscience (PAN) Lab
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7
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Robberegt SJ, Kooiman BEAM, Albers CJ, Nauta MH, Bockting C, Stikkelbroek Y. Personalised app-based relapse prevention of depressive and anxiety disorders in remitted adolescents and young adults: a protocol of the StayFine RCT. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e058560. [PMID: 36521888 PMCID: PMC9756181 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Youth in remission of depression or anxiety have high risks of relapse. Relapse prevention interventions may prevent chronicity. Aim of the study is therefore to (1) examine efficacy of the personalised StayFine app for remitted youth and (2) identify high-risk groups for relapse and resilience. METHOD AND ANALYSIS In this Dutch single-blind parallel-group randomised controlled trial, efficacy of app-based monitoring combined with guided app-based personalised StayFine intervention modules is assessed compared with monitoring only. In both conditions, care as usual is allowed. StayFine modules plus monitoring is hypothesised to be superior to monitoring only in preventing relapse over 36 months. Participants (N=254) are 13-21 years and in remission of depression or anxiety for >2 months. Randomisation (1:1) is stratified by previous treatment (no treatment vs treatment) and previous episodes (1, 2 or >3 episodes). Assessments include diagnostic interviews, online questionnaires and monitoring (ecological momentary assessment with optional wearable) after 0, 4, 12, 24 and 36 months. The StayFine modules are guided by certified experts by experience and based on preventive cognitive therapy and ingredients of cognitive behavioural therapy. Personalisation is based on shared decision-making informed by baseline assessments and individual symptom networks. Time to relapse (primary outcome) is assessed by the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-lifetime version diagnostic interview. Intention-to-treat survival analyses will be used to examine the data. Secondary outcomes are symptoms of depression and anxiety, number and duration of relapses, global functioning, and quality of life. Mediators and moderators will be explored. Exploratory endpoints are monitoring and wearable outcomes. ETHICS, FUNDING AND DISSEMINATION The study was approved by METC Utrecht and is funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (636310007). Results will be submitted to peer-reviewed scientific journals and presented at (inter)national conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05551468; NL8237.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne J Robberegt
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Depression Expertise Centre-Youth, GGZ Oost Brabant, Boekel, The Netherlands
| | - Bas E A M Kooiman
- Depression Expertise Centre-Youth, GGZ Oost Brabant, Boekel, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Casper J Albers
- Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike H Nauta
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Child Study Centre, Accare, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Claudi Bockting
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Stikkelbroek
- Depression Expertise Centre-Youth, GGZ Oost Brabant, Boekel, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Vollbehr NK, Hoenders HJR, Bartels-Velthuis AA, Nauta MH, Castelein S, Schroevers MJ, Stant AD, Albers CJ, de Jong PJ, Ostafin BD. Mindful yoga intervention as add-on to treatment as usual for young women with major depressive disorder: Results from a randomized controlled trial. J Consult Clin Psychol 2022; 90:925-941. [PMID: 36701531 DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the added value of a 9-week mindful yoga intervention (MYI) as add-on to treatment as usual (TAU) in reducing depression for young women (18-34 years) with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHOD Randomized controlled trial (RCT; n = 171) comparing TAU + MYI with TAU-only. Assessments were at baseline, postintervention, and at 6- and 12-month follow-up. Primary outcome measures were clinician-rated and self-reported symptoms of depression, together with a diagnostic interview to establish MDD diagnosis that was restricted to the baseline and 12-month follow-up assessments. Quality of life in various domains was assessed as secondary outcome measure. As potential mediators for treatment efficacy, we included self-report measures of rumination, self-criticism, self-compassion, intolerance of uncertainty, perceived body awareness and dispositional mindfulness, together with behavioral measures of attentional bias (AB) and depression-related self-associations. RESULTS Adding MYI to TAU did not lead to greater reduction of depression symptoms, lower rate of MDD diagnosis or increase in quality of life in various domains of functioning at post and follow-up assessments. There were no indirect effects through any of the potential mediators, with the exception of self-compassion. CONCLUSION Adding MYI to TAU appeared not more efficacious than TAU-only in reducing depression symptoms in young women. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina K Vollbehr
- Lentis Psychiatric Institute, Center for Integrative Psychiatry
| | | | | | - Maaike H Nauta
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology
| | | | - Maya J Schroevers
- Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen
| | | | - Casper J Albers
- Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen
| | - Peter J de Jong
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen
| | - Brian D Ostafin
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen
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Schlesselmann AJ, Huntjens RJC, Renard SB, McNally RJ, Albers CJ, De Vries VE, Pijnenborg GHM. A Network Approach to Trauma, Dissociative Symptoms, and Psychosis Symptoms in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders. Schizophr Bull 2022; 49:559-568. [PMID: 36124634 PMCID: PMC10154708 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbac122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dissociative experiences commonly occur in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). Yet little is known about how dissociative experiences in SSD are related to SSD symptoms. Accordingly, we investigated the relations between dissociative experiences and SSD symptoms, focusing on symptoms bridging these 2 symptom clusters as well as their relation to reported trauma history. STUDY DESIGN Network analyses were conducted on the responses of 248 individuals with an SSD who enrolled from multiple mental health centers in The Netherlands. Dissociative experiences were assessed via the Dissociative Experience Scale, SSD symptoms using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, and trauma history through the Trauma History Questionnaire. STUDY RESULTS The results indicated that dissociative symptoms in SSD are mostly independent of other symptoms, but that emotional distress bridges between the dissociative and SSD symptom clusters. Furthermore, results revealed associations between positive and negative SSD symptoms and trauma through emotional distress, whereas dissociative symptoms remained relatively isolated. CONCLUSION Because SSD symptoms and dissociative experiences clustered relatively independent from each other, our findings promote the idea of tailored treatment approaches for individuals with an SSD with frequent dissociative experiences, specifically targeting these symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ante J Schlesselmann
- Department of Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rafaele J C Huntjens
- Department of Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Selwyn B Renard
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, GGZ Friesland, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Casper J Albers
- Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vera E De Vries
- Department of Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychotic Disorders, GGZ Drenthe, Assen, The Netherlands
| | - G H Marieke Pijnenborg
- Department of Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychotic Disorders, GGZ Drenthe, Assen, The Netherlands
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Berends MS, Luz CF, Friedrich AW, Sinha BNM, Albers CJ, Glasner C. AMR: An R Package for Working with Antimicrobial Resistance Data. J Stat Softw 2022. [DOI: 10.18637/jss.v104.i03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Aczel B, Szaszi B, Nilsonne G, van den Akker OR, Albers CJ, van Assen MALM, Bastiaansen JA, Benjamin D, Boehm U, Botvinik-Nezer R, Bringmann LF, Busch NA, Caruyer E, Cataldo AM, Cowan N, Delios A, van Dongen NNN, Donkin C, van Doorn JB, Dreber A, Dutilh G, Egan GF, Gernsbacher MA, Hoekstra R, Hoffmann S, Holzmeister F, Huber J, Johannesson M, Jonas KJ, Kindel AT, Kirchler M, Kunkels YK, Lindsay DS, Mangin JF, Matzke D, Munafò MR, Newell BR, Nosek BA, Poldrack RA, van Ravenzwaaij D, Rieskamp J, Salganik MJ, Sarafoglou A, Schonberg T, Schweinsberg M, Shanks D, Silberzahn R, Simons DJ, Spellman BA, St-Jean S, Starns JJ, Uhlmann EL, Wicherts J, Wagenmakers EJ. Consensus-based guidance for conducting and reporting multi-analyst studies. eLife 2021; 10:e72185. [PMID: 34751133 PMCID: PMC8626083 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Any large dataset can be analyzed in a number of ways, and it is possible that the use of different analysis strategies will lead to different results and conclusions. One way to assess whether the results obtained depend on the analysis strategy chosen is to employ multiple analysts and leave each of them free to follow their own approach. Here, we present consensus-based guidance for conducting and reporting such multi-analyst studies, and we discuss how broader adoption of the multi-analyst approach has the potential to strengthen the robustness of results and conclusions obtained from analyses of datasets in basic and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gustav Nilsonne
- Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | | | | | | | - Jojanneke A Bastiaansen
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
- Friesland Mental Health Care ServicesLeeuwardenNetherlands
| | - Daniel Benjamin
- University of California Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- National Bureau of Economic ResearchCambridgeUnited States
| | - Udo Boehm
- University of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrea M Cataldo
- McLean HospitalBelmontUnited States
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Dreber
- Stockholm School of EconomicsStockholmSweden
- University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yoram K Kunkels
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Brian A Nosek
- Center for Open ScienceCharlottesvilleUnited States
- University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Samuel St-Jean
- University of AlbertaEdmontonCanada
- Lund UniversityLundUnited States
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van Dellen SA, Wisse B, Mobach MP, Albers CJ, Dijkstra A. A cross-sectional study of lactation room quality and Dutch working mothers' satisfaction, perceived ease of, and perceived support for breast milk expression at work. Int Breastfeed J 2021; 16:67. [PMID: 34488788 PMCID: PMC8422697 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-021-00415-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The challenge of combining professional work and breastfeeding is a key reason why women choose not to breastfeed or to stop breastfeeding early. We posited that having access to a high-quality lactation room at the workplace could influence working mothers’ satisfaction and perceptions related to expressing breast milk at work, which could have important longer term consequences for the duration of breastfeeding. Specifically, we aimed to (1) develop a checklist for assessing the quality of lactation rooms and (2) explore how lactation room quality affects lactating mothers’ satisfaction and perceptions. Drawing on social ecological insights, we hypothesized that the quality of lactation rooms (operationalized as any space used for expressing milk at work) would be positively related to mothers’ satisfaction with the room, perceived ease of, and perceived support for milk expression at work. Methods We conducted two studies. In Study 1 we developed a lactation room quality checklist (LRQC) and assessed its reliability twice, using samples of 33 lactation rooms (Study 1a) and 31 lactation rooms (Study 1b). Data were collected in the Northern part of the Netherlands (between December 2016 and April 2017). Study 2 comprised a cross-sectional survey of 511 lactating mothers, working in a variety of Dutch organizations. The mothers were recruited through the Facebook page of a popular Dutch breastfeeding website. They completed online questionnaires containing the LRQC and measures aimed at assessing their satisfaction and perceptions related to milk expression at work (in June and July 2017). Results The LRQC was deemed reliable and easy to apply in practice. As predicted, we found that objectively assessed higher-quality lactation rooms were associated with increased levels of satisfaction with the lactation rooms, perceived ease of milk expression at work, and perceived support from supervisors and co-workers for expressing milk in the workplace. Conclusions The availability of a high-quality lactation room could influence mothers’ decisions regarding breast milk expression at work and the commencement and/or continuation of breastfeeding. Future studies should explore whether and how lactation room quality affects breastfeeding choices, and which aspects are most important to include in lactation rooms. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13006-021-00415-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoukje A van Dellen
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. .,Institute of Future Environments, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Barbara Wisse
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Management & Marketing, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - Mark P Mobach
- Institute of Future Environments, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Management and Organization, The Hague University of Applied Sciences, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Casper J Albers
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arie Dijkstra
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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13
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Timmerman ME, Voncken L, Albers CJ. A tutorial on regression-based norming of psychological tests with GAMLSS. Psychol Methods 2021; 26:357-373. [DOI: 10.1037/met0000348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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14
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Voncken L, Kneib T, Albers CJ, Umlauf N, Timmerman ME. Bayesian Gaussian distributional regression models for more efficient norm estimation. Br J Math Stat Psychol 2021; 74:99-117. [PMID: 33128469 PMCID: PMC7891623 DOI: 10.1111/bmsp.12206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A test score on a psychological test is usually expressed as a normed score, representing its position relative to test scores in a reference population. These typically depend on predictor(s) such as age. The test score distribution conditional on predictors is estimated using regression, which may need large normative samples to estimate the relationships between the predictor(s) and the distribution characteristics properly. In this study, we examine to what extent this burden can be alleviated by using prior information in the estimation of new norms with Bayesian Gaussian distributional regression. In a simulation study, we investigate to what extent this norm estimation is more efficient and how robust it is to prior model deviations. We varied the prior type, prior misspecification and sample size. In our simulated conditions, using a fixed effects prior resulted in more efficient norm estimation than a weakly informative prior as long as the prior misspecification was not age dependent. With the proposed method and reasonable prior information, the same norm precision can be achieved with a smaller normative sample, at least in empirical problems similar to our simulated conditions. This may help test developers to achieve cost-efficient high-quality norms. The method is illustrated using empirical normative data from the IDS-2 intelligence test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieke Voncken
- Department of Psychometrics & StatisticsFaculty of Behavioural and Social SciencesUniversity of GroningenThe Netherlands
- Department of Methodology and StatisticsTilburg School of Social and Behavioral SciencesTilburg UniversityThe Netherlands
| | - Thomas Kneib
- Department of Statistics and EconometricsFaculty of Business and EconomicsGeorg‐August‐Universität GöttingenGermany
| | - Casper J. Albers
- Department of Psychometrics & StatisticsFaculty of Behavioural and Social SciencesUniversity of GroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Nikolaus Umlauf
- Department of StatisticsFaculty of Economics and StatisticsUniversität InnsbruckAustria
| | - Marieke E. Timmerman
- Department of Psychometrics & StatisticsFaculty of Behavioural and Social SciencesUniversity of GroningenThe Netherlands
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15
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Bastiaansen JA, Kunkels YK, Blaauw FJ, Boker SM, Ceulemans E, Chen M, Chow SM, de Jonge P, Emerencia AC, Epskamp S, Fisher AJ, Hamaker EL, Kuppens P, Lutz W, Meyer MJ, Moulder R, Oravecz Z, Riese H, Rubel J, Ryan O, Servaas MN, Sjobeck G, Snippe E, Trull TJ, Tschacher W, van der Veen DC, Wichers M, Wood PK, Woods WC, Wright AGC, Albers CJ, Bringmann LF. Time to get personal? The impact of researchers choices on the selection of treatment targets using the experience sampling methodology. J Psychosom Res 2020; 137:110211. [PMID: 32862062 PMCID: PMC8287646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE One of the promises of the experience sampling methodology (ESM) is that a statistical analysis of an individual's emotions, cognitions and behaviors in everyday-life could be used to identify relevant treatment targets. A requisite for clinical implementation is that outcomes of such person-specific time-series analyses are not wholly contingent on the researcher performing them. METHODS To evaluate this, we crowdsourced the analysis of one individual patient's ESM data to 12 prominent research teams, asking them what symptom(s) they would advise the treating clinician to target in subsequent treatment. RESULTS Variation was evident at different stages of the analysis, from preprocessing steps (e.g., variable selection, clustering, handling of missing data) to the type of statistics and rationale for selecting targets. Most teams did include a type of vector autoregressive model, examining relations between symptoms over time. Although most teams were confident their selected targets would provide useful information to the clinician, not one recommendation was similar: both the number (0-16) and nature of selected targets varied widely. CONCLUSION This study makes transparent that the selection of treatment targets based on personalized models using ESM data is currently highly conditional on subjective analytical choices and highlights key conceptual and methodological issues that need to be addressed in moving towards clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jojanneke A Bastiaansen
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Education and Research, Friesland Mental Health Care Services, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Yoram K Kunkels
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frank J Blaauw
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Distributed Systems group, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Steven M Boker
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Eva Ceulemans
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Meng Chen
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, State College, USA
| | - Sy-Miin Chow
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, State College, USA
| | - Peter de Jonge
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ando C Emerencia
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sacha Epskamp
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Aaron J Fisher
- Department of Psychology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, USA
| | - Ellen L Hamaker
- Department of Methodology and Statistics, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Kuppens
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wolfgang Lutz
- Department of Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - M Joseph Meyer
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Robert Moulder
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Zita Oravecz
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, State College, USA
| | - Harriëtte Riese
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Julian Rubel
- Department of Psychology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
| | - Oisín Ryan
- Department of Methodology and Statistics, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Michelle N Servaas
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gustav Sjobeck
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Evelien Snippe
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Timothy J Trull
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | - Wolfgang Tschacher
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Date C van der Veen
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke Wichers
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Phillip K Wood
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | - William C Woods
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Aidan G C Wright
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Casper J Albers
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Laura F Bringmann
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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16
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Abstract
In 2001, Anderson and Green [2001. Suppressing unwanted memories by executive control. Nature, 410(6826), 366-369] showed memory suppression using a novel Think/No-think (TNT) task. When participants attempted to prevent studied words from entering awareness, they reported fewer of those words than baseline words in subsequent cued recall (i.e., suppression effect). The TNT literature contains predominantly positive findings and few null-results. Therefore we report unpublished replications conducted in the 2000s (N = 49; N = 36). As the features of the data obtained with the TNT task call for a variety of plausible solutions, we report parallel "universes" of data-analyses (i.e., multiverse analysis) testing the suppression effect. Two published studies (Wessel et al., 2005. Dissociation and memory suppression: A comparison of high and low dissociative individuals' performance on the Think-No think Task. Personality and Individual Differences, 39(8), 1461-1470, N = 68; Wessel et al., 2010. Cognitive control and suppression of memories of an emotional film. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 41(2), 83-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2009.10.005, N = 80) were reanalysed in a similar fashion. For recall probed with studied cues (Same Probes, SP), some tests (sample 3) or all (samples 2 and 4) showed statistically significant suppression effects, whereas in sample 1, only one test showed significance. Recall probed with novel cues (Independent Probes, IP) predominantly rendered non-significant results. The absence of statistically significant IP suppression effects raises problems for inhibition theory and its implication that repression is a viable mechanism of forgetting. The pre-registration, materials, data, and code are publicly available (https://osf.io/qgcy5/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ineke Wessel
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Casper J Albers
- Department of Psychometrics & Statistics, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Anna Roos E Zandstra
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Vera E Heininga
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Research group of Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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17
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Abstract
In continuous test norming, the test score distribution is estimated as a
continuous function of predictor(s). A flexible approach for norm
estimation is the use of generalized additive models for location,
scale, and shape. It is unknown how sensitive their estimates are to
model flexibility and sample size. Generally, a flexible model that
fits at the population level has smaller bias than its restricted
nonfitting version, yet it has larger sampling variability. We
investigated how model flexibility relates to bias, variance, and
total variability in estimates of normalized z scores
under empirically relevant conditions, involving the skew Student
t and normal distributions as population
distributions. We considered both transversal and longitudinal
assumption violations. We found that models with too strict
distributional assumptions yield biased estimates, whereas too
flexible models yield increased variance. The skew Student
t distribution, unlike the Box–Cox Power
Exponential distribution, appeared problematic to estimate for
normally distributed data. Recommendations for empirical norming
practice are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieke Voncken
- University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
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18
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Abstract
Abstract. Theories of emotion regulation posit the existence of individual differences in emotion dynamics. Current multi-subject time-series models account for differences in dynamics across individuals only to a very limited extent. This results in an aggregation that may poorly apply at the individual level. We present the exploratory method of latent class vector-autoregressive modeling (LCVAR), which extends the time-series models to include clustering of individuals with similar dynamic processes. LCVAR can identify individuals with similar emotion dynamics in intensive time-series, which may be of unequal length. The method performs excellently under a range of simulated conditions. The value of identifying clusters in time-series is illustrated using affect measures of 410 individuals, assessed at over 70 time points per individual. LCVAR discerned six clusters of distinct emotion dynamics with regard to diurnal patterns and augmentation and blunting processes between eight emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja F. Ernst
- Department Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Casper J. Albers
- Department Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bertus F. Jeronimus
- Department Developmental Psychology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke E. Timmerman
- Department Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
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19
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Albers CJ, Bringmann LF. Inspecting Gradual and Abrupt Changes in Emotion Dynamics With the Time-Varying Change Point Autoregressive Model. European Journal of Psychological Assessment 2020. [DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Recent studies have shown that emotion dynamics such as inertia (i.e., autocorrelation) can change over time. Importantly, current methods can only detect either gradual or abrupt changes in inertia. This means that researchers have to choose a priori whether they expect the change in inertia to be gradual or abrupt. This will leave researchers in the dark regarding when and how the change in inertia occurred. Therefore in this article, we use a new model: the time-varying change point autoregressive (TVCP-AR) model. The TVCP-AR model can detect both gradual and abrupt changes in emotion dynamics. More specifically, we show that the inertia of positive affect and negative affect measured in one individual differs qualitatively in how it changes over time. Whereas the inertia of positive affect increased only gradually over time, negative affect changed both in a gradual and abrupt fashion over time. This illustrates the necessity of being able to model both gradual and abrupt changes in order to detect meaningful quantitative and qualitative differences in temporal emotion dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casper J. Albers
- Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, Heymans Institute for Psychological Research, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura F. Bringmann
- Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, Heymans Institute for Psychological Research, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, The Netherlands
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20
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Brouwer ME, Molenaar NM, Burger H, Williams AD, Albers CJ, Lambregtse-van den Berg MP, Bockting CLH. Tapering Antidepressants While Receiving Digital Preventive Cognitive Therapy During Pregnancy: An Experience Sampling Methodology Trial. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:574357. [PMID: 33192705 PMCID: PMC7641921 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.574357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies indicated that affect fluctuations, the use of antidepressant medication (ADM), as well as depression during pregnancy might have adverse effects on offspring outcomes. The aim of the current proof-of-principle study is to explore the effect of tapering ADM while receiving online preventive cognitive therapy (PCT) on pregnant women and the offspring as compared to pregnant women continuing ADM. Objectives: We sought to compare positive and negative affect fluctuations in pregnant women receiving online PCT while tapering ADM vs. pregnant women continuing ADM, and to investigate if affect fluctuations in early pregnancy were related to offspring birth weight. Method: An experience sampling methodology (ESM)-trial ran alongside a Dutch randomized controlled trial (RCT) and prospective observational cohort of women using ADM at the start of pregnancy. In the ESM-trial fluctuations of positive and negative affect were assessed in the first 8 weeks after inclusion. Recurrences of depression were assessed up to 12 weeks post-partum, and birth records were used to assess offspring birth weight. The RCT has been registered at the Netherlands Trial Register (NTR4694, https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/4551). Results: In total, 19 pregnant women using ADM at start of their pregnancy participated in the ESM-trial. There were no significant differences in positive and negative affect fluctuations, nor recurrence rates between women receiving PCT while tapering ADM vs. women continuing ADM. We found no association between affect fluctuations, pre-natal depressive symptoms, and birth weight (all p > 0.05). Conclusion: This explorative study showed that tapering ADM while receiving online PCT may protect pregnant women against recurrences of depression and affect fluctuations, without affecting birth weight. There is a high need for more controlled studies focusing on tapering ADM with (online) psychological interventions during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies E Brouwer
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nina M Molenaar
- Departments of Psychiatry and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Huibert Burger
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of General Practice, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Alishia D Williams
- Faculty of Science, School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Casper J Albers
- Heymans Institute for Psychological Research, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Mijke P Lambregtse-van den Berg
- Departments of Psychiatry and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Claudi L H Bockting
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Institute for Advanced Study, Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities and Social Sciences, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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21
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Abstract
Studying emotion dynamics through time series models is becoming increasingly popular in the social sciences. Across individuals, dynamics can be rather heterogeneous. To enable comparisons and generalizations of dynamics across groups of individuals, one needs sophisticated tools that express the essential similarities and differences. A way to proceed is to identify subgroups of people who are characterized by qualitatively similar emotion dynamics through dynamic clustering. So far, these methods assume equal generating processes for individuals per cluster. To avoid this overly restrictive assumption, we outline a probabilistic clustering approach based on a mixture model that clusters on individuals’ vector autoregressive coefficients. We evaluate the performance of the method and compare it with a nonprobabilistic method in a simulation study. The usefulness of the methods is illustrated using 366 ecological momentary assessment time series with external measures of depression and anxiety.
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22
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Abstract
The debate between Bayesians and frequentist statisticians has been going on for decades. Whilst there are fundamental theoretical and philosophical differences between both schools of thought, we argue that in two most common situations the practical differences are negligible when off-the-shelf Bayesian analysis (i.e., using ‘objective’ priors) is used. We emphasize this reasoning by focusing on interval estimates: confidence intervals and credible intervals. We show that this is the case for the most common empirical situations in the social sciences, the estimation of a proportion of a binomial distribution and the estimation of the mean of a unimodal distribution. Numerical differences between both approaches are small, sometimes even smaller than those between two competing frequentist or two competing Bayesian approaches. We outline the ramifications of this for scientific practice.
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24
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Slofstra C, Nauta MH, Bringmann LF, Klein NS, Albers CJ, Batalas N, Wichers M, Bockting CL. Individual Negative Affective Trajectories Can Be Detected during Different Depressive Relapse Prevention Strategies. Psychother Psychosom 2018; 87:243-245. [PMID: 29758551 PMCID: PMC6159830 DOI: 10.1159/000489044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christien Slofstra
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maaike H. Nauta
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Laura F. Bringmann
- Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands,Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Department of Psychiatry (UCP), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicola S. Klein
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Casper J. Albers
- Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nikolaos Batalas
- Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke Wichers
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Department of Psychiatry (UCP), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Claudi L.H. Bockting
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands,Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,*Claudi L.H. Bockting, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 5, NL–1105 AZ Amsterdam (The Netherlands), E-Mail
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25
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Meijer RR, Boevé AJ, Tendeiro JN, Bosker RJ, Albers CJ. Corrigendum: The Use of Subscores in Higher Education: When Is This Useful? Front Psychol 2018; 9:873. [PMID: 29872417 PMCID: PMC5985774 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rob R Meijer
- Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Anja J Boevé
- Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jorge N Tendeiro
- Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Roel J Bosker
- Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Education, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Casper J Albers
- Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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26
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Hoendervanger JG, Ernst AF, Albers CJ, Mobach MP, Van Yperen NW. Individual differences in satisfaction with activity-based work environments. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193878. [PMID: 29518104 PMCID: PMC5843264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Satisfaction with activity-based work environments (ABW environments) often falls short of expectations, with striking differences among individual workers. A better understanding of these differences may provide clues for optimising satisfaction with ABW environments and associated organisational outcomes. The current study was designed to examine how specific psychological needs, job characteristics, and demographic variables relate to satisfaction with ABW environments. Survey data collected at seven organizations in the Netherlands (N = 551) were examined using correlation and regression analyses. Significant correlates of satisfaction with ABW environments were found: need for relatedness (positive), need for privacy (negative), job autonomy (positive), social interaction (positive), internal mobility (positive), and age (negative). Need for privacy appeared to be a powerful predictor of individual differences in satisfaction with ABW environments. These findings underline the importance of providing work environments that allow for different work styles, in alignment with different psychological need strengths, job characteristics, and demographic variables. Improving privacy, especially for older workers and for workers high in need for privacy, seems key to optimizing satisfaction with ABW environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gerard Hoendervanger
- Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Mark P. Mobach
- Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
- The Hague University of Applied Sciences, The Hague, The Netherlands
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Lakens D, Adolfi FG, Albers CJ, Anvari F, Apps MAJ, Argamon SE, Baguley T, Becker RB, Benning SD, Bradford DE, Buchanan EM, Caldwell AR, Van Calster B, Carlsson R, Chen SC, Chung B, Colling LJ, Collins GS, Crook Z, Cross ES, Daniels S, Danielsson H, DeBruine L, Dunleavy DJ, Earp BD, Feist MI, Ferrell JD, Field JG, Fox NW, Friesen A, Gomes C, Gonzalez-Marquez M, Grange JA, Grieve AP, Guggenberger R, Grist J, van Harmelen AL, Hasselman F, Hochard KD, Hoffarth MR, Holmes NP, Ingre M, Isager PM, Isotalus HK, Johansson C, Juszczyk K, Kenny DA, Khalil AA, Konat B, Lao J, Larsen EG, Lodder GMA, Lukavský J, Madan CR, Manheim D, Martin SR, Martin AE, Mayo DG, McCarthy RJ, McConway K, McFarland C, Nio AQX, Nilsonne G, de Oliveira CL, de Xivry JJO, Parsons S, Pfuhl G, Quinn KA, Sakon JJ, Saribay SA, Schneider IK, Selvaraju M, Sjoerds Z, Smith SG, Smits T, Spies JR, Sreekumar V, Steltenpohl CN, Stenhouse N, Świątkowski W, Vadillo MA, Van Assen MALM, Williams MN, Williams SE, Williams DR, Yarkoni T, Ziano I, Zwaan RA. Justify your alpha. Nat Hum Behav 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41562-018-0311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bosman RC, Albers CJ, de Jong J, Batalas N, Aan Het Rot M. No Menstrual Cyclicity in Mood and Interpersonal Behaviour in Nine Women with Self-Reported Premenstrual Syndrome. Psychopathology 2018; 51:290-294. [PMID: 29874668 PMCID: PMC6492812 DOI: 10.1159/000489268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Before diagnosing premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), 2 months of prospective assessment are required to confirm menstrual cyclicity in symptoms. For a diagnosis of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), this is not required. Women with PMDD and PMS often report that their symptoms interfere with mood and social functioning, and are said to show cyclical changes in interpersonal behaviour, but this has not been examined using a prospective approach. We sampled cyclicity in mood and interpersonal behaviour for 2 months in women with self- reported PMS. METHODS Participants met the criteria for PMS on the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST), a retrospective questionnaire. For 2 menstrual cycles, after each social interaction, they used the online software TEMPEST to record on their smartphones how they felt and behaved. We examined within-person variability in negative affect, positive affect, quarrelsomeness, and agreeableness. RESULTS Participants evaluated TEMPEST as positive. However, we found no evidence for menstrual cyclicity in mood and interpersonal behaviour in any of the individual women (n = 9). CONCLUSION Retrospective questionnaires such as the PSST may lead to oversampling of PMS. The diagnosis of PMS, like that of PMDD, might require 2 months of prospective assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renske C Bosman
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Casper J Albers
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jettie de Jong
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nikolaos Batalas
- Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Marije Aan Het Rot
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,School for Behavioural and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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van der Gaag MAE, Albers CJ, Kunnen ES. Micro-level mechanisms of identity development: The role of emotional experiences in commitment development. Dev Psychol 2017; 53:2205-2217. [PMID: 29094981 DOI: 10.1037/dev0000336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Based on Marcia's theory, many researchers consider exploration and commitment as the main processes in identity development. Although some identity theorists have hypothesized that emotional experience may also be an important part of the mechanisms of identity development, empirical research to investigate this claim has been lagging behind. In this study, we shed light on the role of emotional experiences in micro-level commitment dynamics, and compare this to the role of exploration. We take a within-individual approach, and particularly focus on educational commitment. We collected weekly measurements among 103 first year university students over several months, resulting in 22 to 30 measurements for each individual. Every week, the students reported an important experience and accompanying positive and negative emotions, their level of educational exploration and commitment. We generated linear growth models for each individual separately, using Dynamic Linear Modeling. These individual models generate regression weights that indicate how strong the impact is of exploration, positive and negative emotional experiences on changes in micro-level commitment for each individual. Our main finding is that both positive and negative emotional experiences are indeed related to changes in educational commitment. Positive experiences, but surprisingly, also negative experiences, are related to increases in educational commitment for the majority of individuals. Moreover, for the large majority of individuals, the impact of emotional experiences is larger than the impact of exploration. Therefore, we conclude that it is highly likely that emotional experiences are an essential part of the micro-level mechanisms of identity development. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Casper J Albers
- Department of Psychometrics & Statistics, University of Groningen
| | - E Saskia Kunnen
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Groningen
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J L Brown
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Casper J Albers
- University of Groningen, Heymans Institute for Psychological Research, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712TS Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stuart J Ritchie
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
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Abstract
To compute norms from reference group test scores, continuous norming is preferred over traditional norming. A suitable continuous norming approach for continuous data is the use of the Box-Cox Power Exponential model, which is found in the generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape. Applying the Box-Cox Power Exponential model for test norming requires model selection, but it is unknown how well this can be done with an automatic selection procedure. In a simulation study, we compared the performance of two stepwise model selection procedures combined with four model-fit criteria (Akaike information criterion, Bayesian information criterion, generalized Akaike information criterion (3), cross-validation), varying data complexity, sampling design, and sample size in a fully crossed design. The new procedure combined with one of the generalized Akaike information criterion was the most efficient model selection procedure (i.e., required the smallest sample size). The advocated model selection procedure is illustrated with norming data of an intelligence test.
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Ernst AF, Albers CJ. Regression assumptions in clinical psychology research practice-a systematic review of common misconceptions. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3323. [PMID: 28533971 PMCID: PMC5436580 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Misconceptions about the assumptions behind the standard linear regression model are widespread and dangerous. These lead to using linear regression when inappropriate, and to employing alternative procedures with less statistical power when unnecessary. Our systematic literature review investigated employment and reporting of assumption checks in twelve clinical psychology journals. Findings indicate that normality of the variables themselves, rather than of the errors, was wrongfully held for a necessary assumption in 4% of papers that use regression. Furthermore, 92% of all papers using linear regression were unclear about their assumption checks, violating APA-recommendations. This paper appeals for a heightened awareness for and increased transparency in the reporting of statistical assumption checking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja F Ernst
- Heymans Institute for Psychological Research, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Casper J Albers
- Heymans Institute for Psychological Research, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Meijer RR, Boevé AJ, Tendeiro JN, Bosker RJ, Albers CJ. The Use of Subscores in Higher Education: When Is This Useful? Front Psychol 2017; 8:305. [PMID: 28326049 PMCID: PMC5339241 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment in higher education is challenging because teachers face more students, with less contact time as compared to primary and secondary education. Therefore, teachers and management are often interested in efficient ways of giving students diagnostic feedback and providing information on the basis of subscores is one method that is often used in large-scale standardized testing. In this article we discuss some recent psychometric literature that warns against the use of subscores in addition to the use of total scores. We illustrate how the added value of subscores can be evaluated using two college exams: A multiple choice exam and a combined open-ended question and multiple choice exam; these formats are often used in higher education and represent cases in which using subscores may be informative. We discuss the implications of our findings for future classroom evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob R Meijer
- Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Anja J Boevé
- Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jorge N Tendeiro
- Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Roel J Bosker
- Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Education, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Casper J Albers
- Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
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Abstract
Abstract: To represent the complex structure of intensive longitudinal data of multiple individuals, we propose a hierarchical Bayesian Dynamic Model (BDM). This BDM is a generalized linear hierarchical model where the individual parameters do not necessarily follow a normal distribution. The model parameters can be estimated on the basis of relatively small sample sizes and in the presence of missing time points. We present the BDM and discuss the model identification, convergence and selection. The use of the BDM is illustrated using data from a randomized clinical trial to study the differential effects of three treatments for panic disorder. The data involves the number of panic attacks experienced weekly (73 individuals, 10–52 time points) during treatment. Presuming that the counts are Poisson distributed, the BDM considered involves a linear trend model with an exponential link function. The final model included a moving average parameter and an external variable (duration of symptoms pre-treatment). Our results show that cognitive behavioural therapy is less effective in reducing panic attacks than serotonin selective re-uptake inhibitors or a combination of both. Post hoc analyses revealed that males show a slightly higher number of panic attacks at the onset of treatment than females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Krone
- Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, Faculty of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - CJ Albers
- Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, Faculty of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - ME Timmerman
- Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, Faculty of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Albers CJ, Meijer RR, Tendeiro JN. Derivation and Applicability of Asymptotic Results for Multiple Subtests Person-Fit Statistics. Appl Psychol Meas 2016; 40:274-288. [PMID: 29881053 PMCID: PMC5978505 DOI: 10.1177/0146621615622832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In high-stakes testing, it is important to check the validity of individual test scores. Although a test may, in general, result in valid test scores for most test takers, for some test takers, test scores may not provide a good description of a test taker's proficiency level. Person-fit statistics have been proposed to check the validity of individual test scores. In this study, the theoretical asymptotic sampling distribution of two person-fit statistics that can be used for tests that consist of multiple subtests is first discussed. Second, simulation study was conducted to investigate the applicability of this asymptotic theory for tests of finite length, in which the correlation between subtests and number of items in the subtests was varied. The authors showed that these distributions provide reasonable approximations, even for tests consisting of subtests of only 10 items each. These results have practical value because researchers do not have to rely on extensive simulation studies to simulate sampling distributions.
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Abstract
To estimate a time series model for multiple individuals, a multilevel model may be used. In this paper we compare two estimation methods for the autocorrelation in Multilevel AR(1) models, namely Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) and Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Furthermore, we examine the difference between modeling fixed and random individual parameters. To this end, we perform a simulation study with a fully crossed design, in which we vary the length of the time series (10 or 25), the number of individuals per sample (10 or 25), the mean of the autocorrelation (-0.6 to 0.6 inclusive, in steps of 0.3) and the standard deviation of the autocorrelation (0.25 or 0.40). We found that the random estimators of the population autocorrelation show less bias and higher power, compared to the fixed estimators. As expected, the random estimators profit strongly from a higher number of individuals, while this effect is small for the fixed estimators. The fixed estimators profit slightly more from a higher number of time points than the random estimators. When possible, random estimation is preferred to fixed estimation. The difference between MLE and Bayesian estimation is nearly negligible. The Bayesian estimation shows a smaller bias, but MLE shows a smaller variability (i.e., standard deviation of the parameter estimates). Finally, better results are found for a higher number of individuals and time points, and for a lower individual variability of the autocorrelation. The effect of the size of the autocorrelation differs between outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Krone
- Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, Heymans Institute, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Casper J Albers
- Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, Heymans Institute, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marieke E Timmerman
- Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, Heymans Institute, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
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Abstract
Purpose
Despite their growing popularity among organisations, satisfaction with activity-based work (ABW) environments is found to be below expectations. Research also suggests that workers typically do not switch frequently, or not at all, between different activity settings. Hence, the purpose of this study is to answer two main questions: Is switching behaviour related to satisfaction with ABW environments? Which factors may explain switching behaviour?
Design/methodology/approach
Questionnaire data provided by users of ABW environments (n = 3,189) were used to carry out ANOVA and logistic regression analyses.
Findings
Satisfaction ratings of the 4 per cent of the respondents who switched several times a day appeared to be significantly above average. Switching frequency was found to be positively related to heterogeneity of the activity profile, share of communication work and external mobility.
Practical implications
Our findings suggest that satisfaction with ABW environments might be enhanced by stimulating workers to switch more frequently. However, as strong objections against switching were observed and switching frequently does not seem to be compatible with all work patterns, this will presumably not work for everyone. Many workers are likely to be more satisfied if provided with an assigned (multifunctional) workstation.
Originality/value
In a large representative sample, clear evidence was found for relationships between behavioural aspects and appreciation of ABW environments that had not been studied previously.
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Albers CJ, Kardaun OJWF, Schaafsma W. Assigning probabilities to hypotheses in the context of a binomial distribution. BRAZ J PROBAB STAT 2016. [DOI: 10.1214/14-bjps264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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39
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Affiliation(s)
- Casper J Albers
- Heymans Institute for Psychological Research, University of Groningen, 9712 TS Groningen, The Netherlands
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40
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Abstract
Various estimators of the autoregressive model exist. We compare their performance in estimating the autocorrelation in short time series. In Study 1, under correct model specification, we compare the frequentist r1 estimator, C-statistic, ordinary least squares estimator (OLS) and maximum likelihood estimator (MLE), and a Bayesian method, considering flat (Bf) and symmetrized reference (Bsr) priors. In a completely crossed experimental design we vary lengths of time series (i.e., T = 10, 25, 40, 50 and 100) and autocorrelation (from −0.90 to 0.90 with steps of 0.10). The results show a lowest bias for the Bsr, and a lowest variability for r1. The power in different conditions is highest for Bsr and OLS. For T = 10, the absolute performance of all measurements is poor, as expected. In Study 2, we study robustness of the methods through misspecification by generating the data according to an ARMA(1,1) model, but still analysing the data with an AR(1) model. We use the two methods with the lowest bias for this study, i.e., Bsr and MLE. The bias gets larger when the non-modelled moving average parameter becomes larger. Both the variability and power show dependency on the non-modelled parameter. The differences between the two estimation methods are negligible for all measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Krone
- Heymans Institute for Psychological Research, Psychometrics and Statistics, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712TS Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Casper J Albers
- Heymans Institute for Psychological Research, Psychometrics and Statistics, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712TS Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke E Timmerman
- Heymans Institute for Psychological Research, Psychometrics and Statistics, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712TS Groningen, The Netherlands
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Schuppert HM, Albers CJ, Minderaa RB, Emmelkamp PMG, Nauta MH. Severity of borderline personality symptoms in adolescence: relationship with maternal parenting stress, maternal psychopathology, and rearing styles. J Pers Disord 2015; 29:289-302. [PMID: 25102082 DOI: 10.1521/pedi_2104_28_155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The development of borderline personality disorder (BPD) has been associated with parenting styles and parental psychopathology. Only a few studies have examined current parental rearing styles and parental psychopathology in relationship to BPD symptoms in adolescents. Moreover, parenting stress has not been examined in this group. The current study examined 101 adolescents (14-19 years old) with BPD symptoms and their mothers. Assessments were made on severity of BPD symptoms, youth-perceived maternal rearing styles, and psychopathology and parenting stress in mothers. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine potential predictors of borderline severity. No correlation was found between severity of BPD symptoms in adolescents and parenting stress. Only youth-perceived maternal overprotection was significantly related to BPD severity. The combination of perceived maternal rejection with cluster B traits in mothers was significantly related to BPD severity in adolescents. This study provides a contribution to the disentanglement of the developmental pathways that lead to BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Marieke Schuppert
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Casper J Albers
- 2 Department of Psychometrics and Statistical Methods, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ruud B Minderaa
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paul M G Emmelkamp
- 3 Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maaike H Nauta
- 4 Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
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Abstract
Measurement bias has been defined as a violation of measurement invariance. Potential violators—variables that possibly violate measurement invariance—can be investigated through restricted factor analysis (RFA). The purpose of the present paper is to investigate a Bayesian approach to estimate RFA models with interaction effects, in order to detect uniform and nonuniform measurement bias. Because modeling nonuniform bias requires an interaction term, it is more complicated than modeling uniform bias. The Bayesian approach seems especially suited for such complex models. In a simulation study we vary the type of bias (uniform, nonuniform), the type of violator (observed continuous, observed dichotomous, latent continuous), and the correlation between the trait and the violator (0.0, 0.5). For each condition, 100 sets of data are generated and analyzed. We examine the accuracy of the parameter estimates and the performance of two bias detection procedures, based on the DIC fit statistic, in Bayesian RFA. Results show that the accuracy of the estimated parameters is satisfactory. Bias detection rates are high in all conditions with an observed violator, and still satisfactory in all other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Barendse
- Psychometrics and Statistics, Heymans Institute for Psychological Research, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - C J Albers
- Psychometrics and Statistics, Heymans Institute for Psychological Research, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - F J Oort
- Department of Education, Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M E Timmerman
- Psychometrics and Statistics, Heymans Institute for Psychological Research, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
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Anacleto O, Queen C, Albers CJ. Forecasting Multivariate Road Traffic Flows Using Bayesian Dynamic Graphical Models, Splines and Other Traffic Variables. AUST NZ J STAT 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/anzs.12026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Catriona Queen
- The Open University; Department of Mathematics and Statistics; Walton Hall; Milton Keynes; MK7 6AA; UK
| | - Casper J. Albers
- Department Psychometrics & Statistics; University of Groningen; Grote Kruisstraat 2/1; Groningen; 9712 TS; The Netherlands
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Anacleto O, Queen C, Albers CJ. Multivariate forecasting of road traffic flows in the presence of heteroscedasticity and measurement errors. J R Stat Soc Ser C Appl Stat 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9876.2012.01059.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
Abstract
To test the hypothesis H
0: f=ψ that an unknown density f is equal to a specified one, ψ, an estimate f^ of f is compared with ψ. The total variation distance ∥ f^-ψ∥1 is used as test statistic.
The density estimate f^ considered is a peculiar one. A table of critical values is provided, this table is applicable for arbitrary ψ.
Relations with other methods, Neyman´s smooth tests in particular, are discussed and power comparisons are performed. In certain situations, our test is recommendable. An example from practice is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Willem Schaafsma
- University of Groningen, Department of Mathematics, Groningen, Niederlande
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Queen CM, Wright BJ, Albers CJ. ELICITING A DIRECTED ACYCLIC GRAPH FOR A MULTIVARIATE TIME SERIES OF VEHICLE COUNTS IN A TRAFFIC NETWORK. AUST NZ J STAT 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-842x.2007.00477.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Albers CJ, Jansen RC, Kok J, Kuipers OP, van Hijum SAFT. SIMAGE: simulation of DNA-microarray gene expression data. BMC Bioinformatics 2006; 7:205. [PMID: 16613602 PMCID: PMC1479841 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-7-205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2006] [Accepted: 04/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Simulation of DNA-microarray data serves at least three purposes: (i) optimizing the design of an intended DNA microarray experiment, (ii) comparing existing pre-processing and processing methods for best analysis of a given DNA microarray experiment, (iii) educating students, lab-workers and other researchers by making them aware of the many factors influencing DNA microarray experiments. Results Our model has multiple layers of factors influencing the experiment. The relative influence of such factors can differ significantly between labs, experiments within labs, etc. Therefore, we have added a module to roughly estimate their parameters from a given data set. This guarantees that our simulated data mimics real data as closely as possible. Conclusion We introduce a model for the simulation of dual-dye cDNA-microarray data closely resembling real data and coin the model and its software implementation "SIMAGE" which stands for simulation of microarray gene expression data. The software is freely accessible at: .
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Affiliation(s)
- Casper J Albers
- Groningen Bioinformatics Centre, University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands
- Department of Statistics, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Ritsert C Jansen
- Groningen Bioinformatics Centre, University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Kok
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar P Kuipers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands
| | - Sacha AFT van Hijum
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands
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van Hijum SAFT, de Jong A, Baerends RJS, Karsens HA, Kramer NE, Larsen R, den Hengst CD, Albers CJ, Kok J, Kuipers OP. A generally applicable validation scheme for the assessment of factors involved in reproducibility and quality of DNA-microarray data. BMC Genomics 2005; 6:77. [PMID: 15907200 PMCID: PMC1166551 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-6-77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2004] [Accepted: 05/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In research laboratories using DNA-microarrays, usually a number of researchers perform experiments, each generating possible sources of error. There is a need for a quick and robust method to assess data quality and sources of errors in DNA-microarray experiments. To this end, a novel and cost-effective validation scheme was devised, implemented, and employed. RESULTS A number of validation experiments were performed on Lactococcus lactis IL1403 amplicon-based DNA-microarrays. Using the validation scheme and ANOVA, the factors contributing to the variance in normalized DNA-microarray data were estimated. Day-to-day as well as experimenter-dependent variances were shown to contribute strongly to the variance, while dye and culturing had a relatively modest contribution to the variance. CONCLUSION Even in cases where 90% of the data were kept for analysis and the experiments were performed under challenging conditions (e.g. on different days), the CV was at an acceptable 25%. Clustering experiments showed that trends can be reliably detected also from genes with very low expression levels. The validation scheme thus allows determining conditions that could be improved to yield even higher DNA-microarray data quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sacha AFT van Hijum
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, the Netherlands
| | - Anne de Jong
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, the Netherlands
| | - Richard JS Baerends
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, the Netherlands
| | - Harma A Karsens
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, the Netherlands
| | - Naomi E Kramer
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, the Netherlands
| | - Rasmus Larsen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, the Netherlands
| | - Chris D den Hengst
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, the Netherlands
| | - Casper J Albers
- Groningen Bioinformatics Centre, University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Kok
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, the Netherlands
| | - Oscar P Kuipers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, the Netherlands
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Abstract
Gene expression can be studied at a genome-wide scale with the aid of modern microarray technologies. Expression profiling of tens to hundreds of individuals in a genetic population can reveal the consequences of genetic variation. In this paper it is argued that the design and analysis of such a study is not a matter of simply applying the existing and more-or-less standard computational tools for microarrays to a new type of experimental data. It is shown how to fully exploit the power of genetics through optimal experimental design and analysis for two major microarray technologies, cDNA two-colour arrays and Affymetrix short oligonucleotide arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudi Alberts
- Groningen Bioinformatics Centre, University of Groningen, Kerklaan 30, 9751 NN, Haren, the Netherlands
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