1
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Avenarius MR, Huang Y, Kittai AS, Bhat SA, Rogers KA, Grever MR, Woyach JA, Miller CR. Comparison of karyotype scoring guidelines for evaluating karyotype complexity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia 2024; 38:676-678. [PMID: 38374409 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02177-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ying Huang
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Adam S Kittai
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Seema A Bhat
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kerry A Rogers
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michael R Grever
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer A Woyach
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Cecelia R Miller
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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2
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Teierle SM, Huang Y, Kittai AS, Bhat SA, Grever M, Rogers KA, Zhao W, Jones D, Byrd JC, Avenarius MR, Heerema NA, Woyach JA, Miller CR. Characteristics and outcomes of patients with CLL and CDKN2A/B deletion by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Blood Adv 2023; 7:7239-7242. [PMID: 37851900 PMCID: PMC10698542 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M. Teierle
- Division of Hematology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Ying Huang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Adam S. Kittai
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Seema A. Bhat
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Michael Grever
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Kerry A. Rogers
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Weiqiang Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Daniel Jones
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - John C. Byrd
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | | | - Nyla A. Heerema
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Jennifer A. Woyach
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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3
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Lee KJ, Chkheidze R, Alrefai H, Margaroli C, Gaggar A, Nguyen T, Anderson JC, Bash R, Miller CR, Willey CD. Spatially Resolved Whole Transcriptome Analysis of Histologically-Characterized Tissue Microarray of Patient-Matched Primary and Recurrent Glioblastomas to Identify Underlying Mechanisms of Treatment Resistance. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e127. [PMID: 37784683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a lethal CNS malignancy. Radiation therapy increases overall survival, but tumors often recur in high-radiation dose regions. Additionally, recent investigations have underscored the importance of intra-tumoral heterogeneity as a driver of GBM biology. The purpose of this investigation is to characterize transcriptome differences in primary and recurrent GBM patient clinical samples using a digital spatial profiling approach to better appreciate treatment resistance mechanisms. MATERIALS/METHODS To address the lack of understanding of molecular mechanisms of resistance in GBM, patient-matched primary and recurrent GBM pathological specimens were identified within the brain tissue biorepository and tissue cores were selected for generation of a tissue microarray (TMA). Hematoxylin and eosin staining with histomorphological (cellular tumor, pseudopalisading necrosis, invasive edge, and perivascular inflammation) scoring were performed in a blinded fashion for every core. This array was then molecularly characterized using digital spatial profiling of the transcriptome. Quality assurance including filtering of lowly expressed genes followed by downstream analyses of the data were performed using the manufacturer's recommended methods within their Bioconductor library. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was then performed on the ranked gene lists. RESULTS After recommended filtering, 6171 genes and 248 regions of interest remained for downstream analysis representing 22 unique patients across four different tumor histomorphological types. Significance testing revealed 679 genes that were differentially expressed between primary and recurrent tumor samples (at FDR<1%). On GSEA analysis, the chromosomal positional locus that contains genes most strongly up-regulated is 12q14, a locus that was previously identified as genomically amplified in multiple patient-derived xenograft lines after radiation selection. Additionally, recurrent tumors display a transcriptional profile more similar to the mesenchymal subtype, whereas primary tumors have a more classical transcriptional phenotype. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition pathway is particularly strongly up-regulated in recurrent tumors. CONCLUSION Recurrent selection at previously identified genomic loci and molecular pathways underscores a possible conserved set of pathways for treatment resistance. This analysis has yielded a set of gene and molecular pathways that will guide future work in our lab targeting treatment resistance using novel therapeutics and radiation techniques in GBM. Future directions include assessing the feasibility of mapping these clinical samples onto our previously generated panel of comprehensively characterized patient-derived xenograft lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Lee
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | | | | | | | - T Nguyen
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - J C Anderson
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - R Bash
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - C D Willey
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Department of Radiation Oncology, Birmingham, AL
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4
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Avenarius MR, Huang Y, Hyak J, Byrd JC, Bhat SA, Grever M, Kittai AS, Rogers KA, Jones D, Zhao W, Heerema NA, Abruzzo LV, Woyach J, Miller CR. Refining prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia with normal Fluorescence in situ hybridization results. Hematol Oncol 2023; 41:771-775. [PMID: 37010242 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to detect the recurrent cytogenetics abnormalities deletion 13q, trisomy 12, deletion 11q, and deletion 17p is important for prognostication in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). A subset of patients are negative for each of these abnormalities (normal 12/13/11/17 FISH), and outcomes are heterogenous within this group. To elucidate variables important for prognostication in this subgroup we conducted a retrospective analysis of 280 treatment-naïve CLL patients with normal standard CLL FISH results. In a multivariable model, advanced Rai stage (p = 0.04, hazard ratio [HR] 1.24 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.53)), unmutated immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (IGHV) (p < 0.0001, HR 5.59 (95% CI 3.63-8.62)) and IGH rearrangement by FISH (p = 0.02, HR 2.56 (95% CI 1.20-5.48)) were significantly associated with shorter time to first treatment. In a multivariable model for overall survival, increasing age at 5-year increments (p < 0.0001, HR 1.55 (95% CI 1.25-1.93)), unmutated IGHV (p = 0.01, HR 5.28 (95% CI 1.52-18.35)) and gain of REL (p = 0.01, HR 4.08 (5% CI 1.45-11.49)) were significantly associated with shorter survival. Our study identifies variables important for refining prognosis for CLL patients with normal standard CLL FISH results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Avenarius
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ying Huang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jonathan Hyak
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - John C Byrd
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Seema A Bhat
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael Grever
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Adam S Kittai
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kerry A Rogers
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Dan Jones
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Weiqiang Zhao
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Nyla A Heerema
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lynne V Abruzzo
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jennifer Woyach
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Cecelia R Miller
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Hyak JM, Huang Y, Rogers KA, Bhat SA, Grever MR, Byrd JC, Kittai AS, Jones D, Miller CR, Woyach JA. Combined BCL2 and BTK inhibition in CLL demonstrates efficacy after monotherapy with both classes. Blood Adv 2022; 6:5124-5127. [PMID: 35834733 PMCID: PMC9631640 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022007708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M. Hyak
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; and
| | - Kerry A. Rogers
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; and
| | - Seema A. Bhat
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; and
| | - Michael R. Grever
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; and
| | - John C. Byrd
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Adam S. Kittai
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; and
| | - Dan Jones
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; and
| | - Cecelia R. Miller
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; and
| | - Jennifer A. Woyach
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH; and
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Naufal F, Chaisson LH, Robsky KO, Delgado-Barroso P, Alvarez-Manzo HS, Miller CR, Shapiro AE, Golub JE. Number needed to screen for TB in clinical, structural or occupational risk groups. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:500-508. [PMID: 35650693 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Screening for active TB using active case-finding (ACF) may reduce TB incidence, prevalence, and mortality; however, yield of ACF interventions varies substantially across populations. We systematically reviewed studies reporting on ACF to calculate the number needed to screen (NNS) for groups at high risk for TB.METHODS: We conducted a literature search for studies reporting ACF for adults published between November 2010 and February 2020. We determined active TB prevalence detected through various screening strategies and calculated crude NNS for - TB confirmed using culture or Xpert® MTB/RIF, and weighted mean NNS stratified by screening strategy, risk group, and country-level TB incidence.RESULTS: We screened 27,223 abstracts; 90 studies were included (41 in low/moderate and 49 in medium/high TB incidence settings). High-risk groups included inpatients, outpatients, people living with diabetes (PLWD), migrants, prison inmates, persons experiencing homelessness (PEH), healthcare workers, and miners. Screening strategies included symptom-based screening, chest X-ray and Xpert testing. NNS varied widely across and within incidence settings based on risk groups and screening methods. Screening tools with higher sensitivity (e.g., Xpert, CXR) were associated with lower NNS estimates.CONCLUSIONS: NNS for ACF strategies varies substantially between adult risk groups. Specific interventions should be tailored based on local epidemiology and costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Naufal
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - L H Chaisson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - K O Robsky
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P Delgado-Barroso
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H S Alvarez-Manzo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C R Miller
- World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A E Shapiro
- Departments of Global Health and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - J E Golub
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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7
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Chaisson LH, Naufal F, Delgado-Barroso P, Alvarez-Manzo HS, Robsky KO, Miller CR, Golub JE, Shapiro AE. A systematic review of the number needed to screen for active TB among people living with HIV. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 25:427-435. [PMID: 34049604 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Systematic screening for active TB is recommended for all people living with HIV (PLWH); however, case detection remains poor globally. We investigated the yield of active case finding (ACF) by calculating the number needed to screen (NNS) to detect a case of active TB among PLWH.METHODS: We identified studies reporting ACF for TB among PLWH published from November 2010 to February 2020. We calculated crude NNS for Xpert- or culture-confirmed TB and weighted mean NNS stratified by screening approach, population/risk group, and country TB burden.RESULTS: Of the 27,221 abstracts screened, we identified 58 studies eligible for inclusion, including 5 in low/moderate TB incidence settings and 53 in medium/high incidence settings. Populations screened for TB included inpatients, outpatients not receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), outpatients receiving ART, those with CD4 < 200 cells/µL, children aged ≤15 years, pregnant PLWH, and PLWH in prisons. Screening tools included symptom-based screening, chest X-ray, C-reactive protein levels, and Xpert. The weighted mean NNS varied across groups but was consistently low, ranging from 4 among inpatients in moderate/high TB burden settings to 137 among pregnant PLWH in moderate/high TB burden settings.CONCLUSIONS: ACF is a high yield intervention among PLWH. Approaches to screening should be tailored to local epidemiological and health-system contexts, and sensitive screening tools such as Xpert should be implemented where feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Chaisson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - F Naufal
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P Delgado-Barroso
- Department of Medicine Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H S Alvarez-Manzo
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K O Robsky
- Department of Medicine Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C R Miller
- World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J E Golub
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA, Department of Medicine Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - A E Shapiro
- Departments of Global Health and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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8
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Gard AL, Luu RJ, Miller CR, Maloney R, Cain BP, Marr EE, Burns DM, Gaibler R, Mulhern TJ, Wong CA, Alladina J, Coppeta JR, Liu P, Wang JP, Azizgolshani H, Fezzie RF, Balestrini JL, Isenberg BC, Medoff BD, Finberg RW, Borenstein JT. High-throughput human primary cell-based airway model for evaluating influenza, coronavirus, or other respiratory viruses in vitro. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14961. [PMID: 34294757 PMCID: PMC8298517 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94095-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza and other respiratory viruses present a significant threat to public health, national security, and the world economy, and can lead to the emergence of global pandemics such as from COVID-19. A barrier to the development of effective therapeutics is the absence of a robust and predictive preclinical model, with most studies relying on a combination of in vitro screening with immortalized cell lines and low-throughput animal models. Here, we integrate human primary airway epithelial cells into a custom-engineered 96-device platform (PREDICT96-ALI) in which tissues are cultured in an array of microchannel-based culture chambers at an air-liquid interface, in a configuration compatible with high resolution in-situ imaging and real-time sensing. We apply this platform to influenza A virus and coronavirus infections, evaluating viral infection kinetics and antiviral agent dosing across multiple strains and donor populations of human primary cells. Human coronaviruses HCoV-NL63 and SARS-CoV-2 enter host cells via ACE2 and utilize the protease TMPRSS2 for spike protein priming, and we confirm their expression, demonstrate infection across a range of multiplicities of infection, and evaluate the efficacy of camostat mesylate, a known inhibitor of HCoV-NL63 infection. This new capability can be used to address a major gap in the rapid assessment of therapeutic efficacy of small molecules and antiviral agents against influenza and other respiratory viruses including coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Gard
- Bioengineering Division, Draper, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - R J Luu
- Bioengineering Division, Draper, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - C R Miller
- Bioengineering Division, Draper, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - R Maloney
- Bioengineering Division, Draper, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - B P Cain
- Bioengineering Division, Draper, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - E E Marr
- Bioengineering Division, Draper, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - D M Burns
- Bioengineering Division, Draper, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - R Gaibler
- Bioengineering Division, Draper, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - T J Mulhern
- Bioengineering Division, Draper, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - C A Wong
- Bioengineering Division, Draper, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - J Alladina
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J R Coppeta
- Bioengineering Division, Draper, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - P Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - J P Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - H Azizgolshani
- Bioengineering Division, Draper, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | | | - J L Balestrini
- Bioengineering Division, Draper, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - B C Isenberg
- Bioengineering Division, Draper, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - B D Medoff
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R W Finberg
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - J T Borenstein
- Bioengineering Division, Draper, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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Miller CR, Huang Y, Ruppert AS, Labanowska J, Jaglowski SM, Maddocks KJ, Rogers KA, Bhat S, Kittai AS, Grever M, Lapalombella R, Abruzzo LV, Heerema NA, Byrd JC, Hertlein EK, Woyach JA. Significance of chromosome 2p gain in ibrutinib-treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. Leukemia 2021; 35:3287-3290. [PMID: 33820961 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01237-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cecelia R Miller
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ying Huang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amy S Ruppert
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jadwiga Labanowska
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Samantha M Jaglowski
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kami J Maddocks
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kerry A Rogers
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Seema Bhat
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Adam S Kittai
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michael Grever
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rosa Lapalombella
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lynne V Abruzzo
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nyla A Heerema
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - John C Byrd
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Erin K Hertlein
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer A Woyach
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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10
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Miller CR, Ruppert AS, Huang Y, Labanowska J, Jaglowski S, Maddocks K, Abruzzo LV, Heerema NA, Byrd JC, Hertlein EK, Woyach JA. 39. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia with gain of 2p responds favorably to ibrutinib despite frequent co-occurrence with additional adverse cytogenetic markers. Cancer Genet 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2021.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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11
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Avenarius MR, Miller CR, Arnold MA, Koo S, Roberts R, Hobby M, Grossman T, Moyer Y, Wilson RK, Mardis ER, Gastier-Foster JM, Pfau RB. Genetic Characterization of Pediatric Sarcomas by Targeted RNA Sequencing. J Mol Diagn 2020; 22:1238-1245. [PMID: 32745614 PMCID: PMC7538815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic variants, primarily fusion genes and single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) or insertions/deletions (indels), are prevalent among sarcomas. In many cases, accurate diagnosis of these tumors incorporates genetic findings that may also carry prognostic or therapeutic significance. Using the anchored multiplex PCR-based FusionPlex system, a custom RNA sequencing panel was developed that simultaneously detects fusion genes, SNVs, and indels in 112 genes found to be recurrently mutated in solid tumors. Using this assay, a retrospective analysis was conducted to identify somatic variants that may have assisted with classifying a cohort of 90 previously uncharacterized primarily pediatric sarcoma specimens. In total, somatic variants were identified in 45.5% (41/90) of the samples tested, including 22 cases with fusion genes and 19 cases with SNVs or indels. In addition, two of these findings represent novel alterations: a WHSC1L1/NCOA2 fusion and a novel in-frame deletion in the NRAS gene (NM_002524: c.174_176delAGC p.Ala59del). These sequencing results, taken in context with the available clinical data, indicate a potential change in the initial diagnosis, prognosis, or management in 27 of the 90 cases. This study presents a custom RNA sequencing assay that detects fusion genes and SNVs in tandem and has the ability to identify novel fusion partners. These features highlight the advantages associated with utilizing anchored multiplex PCR technology for the rapid and highly sensitive detection of somatic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Avenarius
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Cecelia R Miller
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Michael A Arnold
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Pathology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Selene Koo
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Pathology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ryan Roberts
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Martin Hobby
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Thomas Grossman
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Yvonne Moyer
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Richard K Wilson
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Elaine R Mardis
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Julie M Gastier-Foster
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ruthann B Pfau
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
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Miller CR, Lee K, Pfau RB, Reshmi SC, Corsmeier DJ, Hashimoto S, Dave-Wala A, Jayaraman V, Koboldt D, Matthews T, Mouhlas D, Stein M, McKinney A, Grossman T, Kelly BJ, White P, Magrini V, Wilson RK, Mardis ER, Cottrell CE. Disease-associated mosaic variation in clinical exome sequencing: a two-year pediatric tertiary care experience. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2020; 6:mcs.a005231. [PMID: 32371413 PMCID: PMC7304353 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a005231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Exome sequencing (ES) has become an important tool in pediatric genomic medicine, improving identification of disease-associated variation due to assay breadth. Depth is also afforded by ES, enabling detection of lower-frequency mosaic variation compared to Sanger sequencing in the studied tissue, thus enhancing diagnostic yield. Within a pediatric tertiary-care hospital, we report two years of clinical ES data from probands evaluated for genetic disease to assess diagnostic yield, characteristics of causal variants, and prevalence of mosaicism among disease-causing variants. Exome-derived, phenotype-driven variant data from 357 probands was analyzed concurrent with parental ES data, when available. Blood was the source of nucleic acid. Sequence read alignments were manually reviewed for all assessed variants. Sanger sequencing was used for suspected de novo or mosaic variation. Clinical provider notes were reviewed to determine concordance between laboratory-reported data and the ordering provider's interpretation of variant-associated disease causality. Laboratory-derived diagnostic yield and provider-substantiated diagnoses had 91.4% concordance. The cohort returned 117 provider-substantiated diagnoses among 115 probands for a diagnostic yield of 32.2%. De novo variants represented 64.9% of disease-associated variation within trio analyses. Among the 115 probands, five harbored disease-associated somatic mosaic variation. Two additional probands were observed to inherit a disease-associated variant from an unaffected mosaic parent. Among inheritance patterns, de novo variation was the most frequent disease etiology. Somatic mosaicism is increasingly recognized as a significant contributor to genetic disease, particularly with increased sequence depth attainable from ES. This report highlights the potential and importance of detecting mosaicism in ES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecelia R Miller
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.,Department of Pathology
| | - Kristy Lee
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.,Department of Pathology
| | - Ruthann B Pfau
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.,Department of Pathology.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Shalini C Reshmi
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.,Department of Pathology.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Donald J Corsmeier
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
| | - Sayaka Hashimoto
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
| | - Ashita Dave-Wala
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
| | - Vijayakumar Jayaraman
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
| | - Daniel Koboldt
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Theodora Matthews
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
| | - Danielle Mouhlas
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
| | - Maggie Stein
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
| | - Aimee McKinney
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
| | - Tom Grossman
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
| | - Benjamin J Kelly
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
| | - Peter White
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Vincent Magrini
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Richard K Wilson
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Elaine R Mardis
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Catherine E Cottrell
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.,Department of Pathology.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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13
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Miller CR, Mitchell EMH, Nishikiori N, Zwerling A, Lönnroth K. ScreenTB: a tool for prioritising risk groups and selecting algorithms for screening for active tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 24:367-375. [PMID: 32317059 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.19.0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING AND OBJECTIVES: There is an urgent need to improve tuberculosis (TB) case detection globally. This would require greater focus on the implementation of TB screening programs. However, to be productive, cost-effective, and ethical, TB screening efforts should be tailored to their local context, targeted to the populations most likely to benefit and utilizing diagnostic tools with sufficient accuracy.DESIGN AND RESULTS: We have developed an online tool, ScreenTB to help National TB Programmes (NTPs) and their partners plan TB screening activities by modeling the potential outcomes of screening programs, including yield of TB cases diagnosed (true- and false-positives), costs, and cost-effectiveness, specific to the populations screened and the diagnostic algorithms used. In Myanmar, ScreenTB was used to assist the NTP in prioritizing risk groups for screening efforts and selecting appropriate screening algorithms to maximize case detection and minimize false-positive diagnoses.CONCLUSION: The ScreenTB tool can help facilitate the prioritization of risk groups for screening and the selection of appropriate screening algorithms. This is useful when used as part of a larger planning process that considers feasibility of screening, vulnerability of risk groups, potential impact of screening on TB transmission, human rights implications of screening and equity in health care access.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Miller
- Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E M H Mitchell
- General Epidemiology and Disease Control, Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - N Nishikiori
- Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Zwerling
- University of Ottawa, School of Epidemiology & Public Health, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - K Lönnroth
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Miller CR, Labanowska J, Tiefenthaeler C, Messaros K, Marble HA, Heerema NA, Abruzzo LV. 24. Abbott Vysis IntelliFISH Hybridization Buffer evaluation on hematological specimens. Cancer Genet 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2018.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Shete PB, Haguma P, Miller CR, Ochom E, Ayakaka I, Davis JL, Dowdy DW, Hopewell P, Katamba A, Cattamanchi A. Pathways and costs of care for patients with tuberculosis symptoms in rural Uganda. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2016; 19:912-7. [PMID: 26162356 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.14.0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING Six district-level government health centers in rural Uganda and the surrounding communities. OBJECTIVE To determine pathways to care and associated costs for patients with chronic cough referred for tuberculosis (TB) evaluation in Uganda. DESIGN We conducted a cross-sectional study, surveying 64 patients presenting with chronic cough and undergoing first-time sputum evaluation at government clinics. We also surveyed a random sample of 114 individuals with chronic cough in surrounding communities. We collected information on previous health visits for the cough as well as costs associated with the current visit. RESULTS Eighty per cent of clinic patients had previously sought care for their cough, with a median of three previous visits (range 0-32, interquartile range [IQR] 2-5). Most (n = 203, 88%) visits were to a health facility that did not provide TB microscopy services, and the majority occurred in the private sector. The cost of seeking care for the current visit alone represented 28.8% (IQR 9.1-109.5) of the patients' median monthly household income. CONCLUSION Most patients seek health care for chronic cough, but do so first in the private sector. Engagement of the private sector and streamlining TB diagnostic evaluation are critical for improving case detection and meeting global TB elimination targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Shete
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California San Francisco and San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, USA; Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - P Haguma
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - C R Miller
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - E Ochom
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - I Ayakaka
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - J L Davis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California San Francisco and San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, USA; Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - D W Dowdy
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - P Hopewell
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California San Francisco and San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, USA; Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - A Katamba
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda; School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - A Cattamanchi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California San Francisco and San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, USA; Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Fair E, Miller CR, Ottmani SE, Fox GJ, Hopewell PC. Tuberculosis contact investigation in low- and middle-income countries: standardized definitions and indicators. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2015; 19:269-72. [PMID: 25686131 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.14.0512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need for better utilization of program data for global tuberculosis (TB) control. Significant information could be gained from data collected by TB programs that could supplement traditional sources of evidence and contribute to policy development. For this operational information to be useful, it must be collected in a uniform manner, using standardized definitions and approaches to evaluation. As an example of an approach to uniformity in generating useful program data, we present recommendations for the standardization of definitions and indicators for the investigation of contacts of persons with infectious TB in low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fair
- *Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - C R Miller
- *Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - S-E Ottmani
- †Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - G J Fox
- ‡Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Respiratory Division, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - P C Hopewell
- *Curry International Tuberculosis Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Garcia I, Crowther AJ, Gama V, Miller CR, Deshmukh M, Gershon TR. Erratum: Bax deficiency prolongs cerebellar neurogenesis, accelerates medulloblastoma formation and paradoxically increases both malignancy and differentiation. Oncogene 2015; 34:3881. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Miller CR, Stephens D, Ruppert AS, Racke F, McFaddin A, Breidenbach H, Lin HJ, Waller K, Bannerman T, Jones JA, Woyach JA, Andritsos LA, Maddocks K, Zhao W, Lozanski G, Flynn JM, Grever M, Byrd JC, Heerema NA. Jumping translocations, a novel finding in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2015; 170:200-7. [PMID: 25891862 PMCID: PMC4490025 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A jumping translocation (JT) is a rare cytogenetic aberration that can occur in haematological malignancy. It involves the translocation of the same fragment of donor chromosome onto two or more recipient chromosomes, typically in different cells. In this study, we describe the first series of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) patients with JTs reported to date. Following a review of 878 CLL patient karyotypes, we identified 26 patients (3%) with 97 JTs. The most commonly occurring breakpoint in these translocations was 17p11.2. Loss of TP53 was identified prior to or at the same time as JT in 23 of 26 patients (88%). All patients eventually developed a complex karyotype. All but one patient has required treatment for CLL, with estimated median time to treatment of 11·5 months. This study establishes JTs as a recurrent abnormality found in CLL patients with aggressive disease. JTs contribute to complex karyotypes and, in many cases, are involved in chromosomal rearrangements that result in loss of the tumour suppressor gene TP53.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Chromosome Breakpoints
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17
- Female
- Genes, p53
- Humans
- Karyotype
- Karyotyping
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/mortality
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Staging
- Translocation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecelia R. Miller
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Division of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Health and Rehabilitation, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Deborah Stephens
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Amy S. Ruppert
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Frederick Racke
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Andrew McFaddin
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Huey-Jen Lin
- Division of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Health and Rehabilitation, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Kathy Waller
- Division of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Health and Rehabilitation, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Tammy Bannerman
- Division of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Health and Rehabilitation, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey A. Jones
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jennifer A. Woyach
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Leslie A. Andritsos
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Kami Maddocks
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Weiqiang Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Gerard Lozanski
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joseph M. Flynn
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Michael Grever
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - John C. Byrd
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Nyla A. Heerema
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Karginova O, Adamo B, Deal A, Santos C, Darr D, Bash R, Sandison K, Zamboni B, Miller CR, Anders CK. Abstract P6-11-06: Efficacy of carboplatin alone or with ABT888 in an intracranial murine model of BRCA-mutated, basal-like, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p6-11-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: TNBC frequently spreads to the central nervous system and is associated with poor outcome. Twenty percent of women with TNBC harbor a BRCA mutation(mut). BRCA dysfunction impairs repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination(HR) and sensitizes tumor cells to DNA-damaging cytotoxic agents. Emerging evidence suggests that TNBC responds to platinums(Pt) and drugs potentiating efficiency of DNA damage, such as PARP inhibitors; combination therapy may enhance DNA damage and induce additional cytotoxicity. Recognizing that Pt and many PARP inhibitors penetrate the blood brain barrier(BBB), we evaluated the efficacy of carboplatin(Carbo) alone and with the PARP inhibitor, ABT888(ABT), in murine intracranial(IC) TNBC models characterized by BRCA status.
Methods: Athymic (nu/nu) mice(10wks) were inoculated intracerebrally with 2×105 SUM149(BRCA1mut, pTEN-; basal) cells expressing luciferase. On day14, tumor-bearing mice began treatment with Control(PBS IP weekly), Carbo(50mg/kg IP weekly) and ABT(25mg/kg OG daily) as single agents, or in combination. Survival and IC tumor growth via bioluminescence were compared by treatment. Net PAR levels(PARpg/ml/100ug total protein) were measured in IC tumor tissue(ELISA pharmacodynamic assay) 14days post ABT. Presence of Pt DNA adducts was measured in IC tumor tissue following Carbo+/-ABT by ICP-MS. Survival and IC tumor growth via bioluminescence of the MDA-MB468(BRCAnon-mut, pTEN-; basal) IC model treated with the same regimens were assessed.
Results: In the SUM149 TNBC IC model, Carbo+/-ABT resulted in improved survival compared to control (Table). Single agent ABT did not yield a survival benefit over control. Combination Carbo/ABT showed a modest advantage in survival compared to Carbo alone (p = 0.28). IC tumor mean net PAR levels ± SEM were significantly lower in ABT-treated animals compared to control (182.1 ± 91.3 vs 825.7 ± 174.7, p = 0.0043). Addition of ABT did not impair Carbo BBB penetration; Mean ± SEM Pt-DNA adducts were detected in IC tumor after administration of Carbo and Carbo/ABT (0.91±0.13 and 1.46±0.03 pgPt/ugDNA). In contrast to the SUM149 IC model, there was no survival improvement for the MDA-MB468 IC model treated with Carbo+/-ABT compared to control(p = 0.81).
SUM149(BRCA1mut)MDA-MB468(BRCA1non-mut)TreatmentNMedian Survival (95%CI), dayspValueNMedian Survival (95%CI), daysControl1736(34-40)N/A535(29-57)ABT1039(30-46)p = 0.22544(33-57)Carbo1658(47-67)p<.0001537(33-54)Carbo/ABT1764(59-75)p<.0001537(33-50)
Conclusions: This study shows Pt analogues, specifically Carbo, represent a promising treatment strategy for TNBC brain metastases with BRCA dysfunction. Improved survival relies on the ability of Pt analogues to penetrate the BBB and higher cytotoxicity may be due to compromised HR in TNBC as compared to models with functional BRCA. Although inhibitory activity of ABT was detected in IC tumors, we did not observe a significant additive effect of ABT to Carbo when used in combination. Confirmatory studies in additional IC TNBC models, including claudin-low subtype, as well as mechanistic studies evaluating DNA damage via γH2AX foci and differential gene expression in response to treatment are ongoing.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P6-11-06.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Karginova
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Adamo
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Deal
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Santos
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Darr
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Bash
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - K Sandison
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Zamboni
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - CR Miller
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - CK Anders
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
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Miller CR, Davis JL, Katamba A, Sserwanga A, Kakeeto S, Kizito F, Cattamanchi A. Sex disparities in tuberculosis suspect evaluation: a cross-sectional analysis in rural Uganda. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2013; 17:480-5. [PMID: 23485382 PMCID: PMC3641887 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
SETTING Six primary health care centers in rural Uganda. OBJECTIVE To compare the quality of tuberculosis (TB) evaluation for men and women presenting to primary health care facilities in high-burden settings. DESIGN Cross-sectional study using indicators derived from the International Standards of Tuberculosis Care (ISTC) to compare the quality of TB evaluation services provided to men and women. RESULTS Of 161 230 patient visits between January 2009 and December 2010, 112 329 (69.7%) were women. We considered 3308 (2.1%) patients with cough ≥2 weeks as TB suspects, of whom 1871 (56.6%) were women. Female TB suspects were less likely to be referred for sputum smear examination (45.9% vs. 61.6%, P < 0.001), to complete sputum smear examination if referred (73.7% vs. 78.3%, P = 0.024) and to receive comprehensive evaluation and care as defined by the ISTC (33.0% vs. 45.6%, P < 0.001). After adjusting for age, clinic site and visit date, women remained less likely to be referred for sputum smear examination (risk ratio [RR] 0.81, 95%CI 0.74-0.89, P < 0.001) and to receive ISTC-recommended care (RR 0.79, 95%CI 0.72-0.86, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Strategies to ensure that women receive appropriate TB evaluation could provide a valuable opportunity for increasing case detection while also promoting equitable and universal access to care.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Miller
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California 94110, USA
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Vitucci M, Hayes DN, Miller CR. Gene expression profiling of gliomas: merging genomic and histopathological classification for personalised therapy. Br J Cancer 2010; 104:545-53. [PMID: 21119666 PMCID: PMC3049580 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6606031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of DNA microarray technologies over the past decade has revolutionised translational cancer research. These technologies were originally hailed as more objective, comprehensive replacements for traditional histopathological cancer classification systems, based on microscopic morphology. Although DNA microarray-based gene expression profiling (GEP) remains unlikely in the near term to completely replace morphological classification of primary brain tumours, specifically the diffuse gliomas, GEP has confirmed that significant molecular heterogeneity exists within the various morphologically defined gliomas, particularly glioblastoma (GBM). Herein, we provide a 10-year progress report on human glioma GEP, with focus on development of clinical diagnostic tests to identify molecular subtypes, uniquely responsive to adjuvant therapies. Such progress may lead to a more precise classification system that accurately reflects the cellular, genetic, and molecular basis of gliomagenesis, a prerequisite for identifying subsets uniquely responsive to specific adjuvant therapies, and ultimately in achieving individualised clinical care of glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vitucci
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Abstract
A 39-year-old white woman with longstanding Crohn's disease presented with the rare complication of granulomatous bronchiolitis. Rapid resolution after inhaled budesonide is highlighted, as this is the first case described in the literature successfully treated without the need for systemic therapy. This less toxic approach to therapy is warranted in granulomatous bronchiolitis of Crohn's disease to avoid unwanted side effects of steroids and infliximab.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Trow
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8057, USA.
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Lim WT, Zhang WH, Miller CR, Watters JW, Gao F, Viswanathan A, Govindan R, McLeod HL. PTEN and phosphorylated AKT expression and prognosis in early- and late-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Rep 2007. [PMID: 17342327 DOI: 10.3892/or.17.4.853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the commonest cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Growth factor receptor signalling pathways constitute an important mediator for tumor growth and proliferation. PTEN and pAKT play important roles in regulating signal transduction along this pathway. Separate cohorts of stage I (n=25) and stage IV (n=34) NSCLC were examined by immunohistochemistry for PTEN and pAKT expression. There was no correlation between PTEN expression and pAKT expression and neither were associated with age, sex or smoking status. Patients with stage IV disease who overexpressed pAKT (at least 2+) or were PTEN-null had poorer overall survival and progression-free survival. This suggests that PTEN-null or pAKT-positive tumors constitute more aggressive tumors whose clinical course is not altered by therapy. There was no difference in the clinical outcome for stage I disease by PTEN or pAKT expression. A greater proportion of the stage IV patients had PTEN-null disease compared to the stage I cohort, suggesting that loss of PTEN is important in the tumor biology of advanced disease. Loss of PTEN or overexpression of pAKT predicts for an aggressive subset of lung tumors that have a poor prognosis. This will allow identification of a poor prognosis subset that can be targeted with novel treatments that either restore PTEN function or target activated AKT, mTOR and other downstream signal transduction molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Lim
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Republic of Singapore.
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Lim WT, Zhang WH, Miller CR, Watters JW, Gao F, Viswanathan A, Govindan R, McLeod HL. PTEN and phosphorylated AKT expression and prognosis in early- and late-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Rep 2007; 17:853-7. [PMID: 17342327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the commonest cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Growth factor receptor signalling pathways constitute an important mediator for tumor growth and proliferation. PTEN and pAKT play important roles in regulating signal transduction along this pathway. Separate cohorts of stage I (n=25) and stage IV (n=34) NSCLC were examined by immunohistochemistry for PTEN and pAKT expression. There was no correlation between PTEN expression and pAKT expression and neither were associated with age, sex or smoking status. Patients with stage IV disease who overexpressed pAKT (at least 2+) or were PTEN-null had poorer overall survival and progression-free survival. This suggests that PTEN-null or pAKT-positive tumors constitute more aggressive tumors whose clinical course is not altered by therapy. There was no difference in the clinical outcome for stage I disease by PTEN or pAKT expression. A greater proportion of the stage IV patients had PTEN-null disease compared to the stage I cohort, suggesting that loss of PTEN is important in the tumor biology of advanced disease. Loss of PTEN or overexpression of pAKT predicts for an aggressive subset of lung tumors that have a poor prognosis. This will allow identification of a poor prognosis subset that can be targeted with novel treatments that either restore PTEN function or target activated AKT, mTOR and other downstream signal transduction molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Lim
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Republic of Singapore.
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Marzullo TC, Dudley JR, Miller CR, Trejo L, Kipke DR. Spikes, Local Field Potentials, and Electrocorticogram Characterization during Motor Learning in Rats for Brain Machine Interface Tasks. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2007; 2006:429-31. [PMID: 17282206 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2005.1616437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Brain machine interface development typically falls into two arenas, invasive extracellular recording and non-invasive electroencephalogram recording methods. The relationship between action potentials and field potentials is not well understood, and investigation of interrelationships may improve design of neuroprosthetic control systems. Rats were trained on a motor learning task whereby they had to insert their noses into an aperture while simultaneously pressing down on levers with their forepaws; spikes, local field potentials (LFPs), and electrocorticograms (ECoGs) over the motor cortex were recorded and characterized. Preliminary results suggest that the LFP activity in lower cortical layers oscillates with the ECoG.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Marzullo
- graduate student, Neuroscience Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109 USA; phone: 734-223-8133 (e-mail: )
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Miller CR, Waits LP, Joyce P. Phylogeography and mitochondrial diversity of extirpated brown bear (Ursus arctos) populations in the contiguous United States and Mexico. Mol Ecol 2007; 15:4477-85. [PMID: 17107477 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2006.03097.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The fossil record indicates that the brown bear (Ursus arctos) colonized North America from Asia over 50 000 years ago. The species historically occupied the western United States and northern Mexico but has been extirpated from over 99% of this range in the last two centuries. To evaluate colonization hypotheses, subspecific classifications, and historical patterns and levels of genetic diversity in this region, we sequenced 229 nucleotides of the mitochondrial DNA control region in 108 museum specimens. The work was set in a global context by synthesizing all previous brown bear control region sequences from around the world. In mid-latitude North America a single moderately diverse clade is observed, represented by 23 haplotypes with up to 3.5% divergence. Only eight of 23 haplotypes (35%) are observed in the extensively sampled extant populations suggesting a substantial loss of genetic variability. The restriction of all haplotypes from mid-latitude North America to a single clade suggests that this region was founded by bears with a similar maternal ancestry. However, the levels and distributions of diversity also suggest that the colonizing population was not a small founder event, and that expansion occurred long enough ago for local mutations to accrue. Our data are consistent with recent genetic evidence that brown bears were south of the ice prior to the last glacial maximum. There is no support for previous subspecies designations, although bears of the southwestern United States may have had a distinctive, but recent, pattern of ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Miller
- Department of Fish & Wildlife, College of Natural Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-1136, USA.
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Vadivelu S, Mangano FT, Miller CR, Leonard JR. Multifocal Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the pediatric spine: a case report and literature review. Childs Nerv Syst 2007; 23:127-31. [PMID: 17021733 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-006-0172-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
CASE REPORT An 11-month-old boy presented with a 3-month history of lower extremity weakness. CT and MRI of the spine revealed an enhancing epidural mass, extending from T1 through T5 and exiting through multiple foramina. The largest extraspinal extent was located at the T3 vertebral level and was accompanied by complete T3 vertebral collapse. A second lytic lesion at the L2 vertebral body without an obvious enhancing mass was also noted. Open biopsy and decompression of the spinal cord were performed, and histopathological analysis revealed a mixed inflammatory lesion with abundant S-100 and CD1a immunoreactive Langerhans cells consistent with the diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). DISCUSSION The authors present a very rare pediatric case of spinal LCH causing spinal cord compression. Possible clues to early detection, consideration of differential diagnoses, and a brief literature review are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vadivelu
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University in St. Louis, One Children Place,St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Yuan L, Siegel M, Choi K, Khosla C, Miller CR, Jackson EN, Piwnica-Worms D, Rich KM. Transglutaminase 2 inhibitor, KCC009, disrupts fibronectin assembly in the extracellular matrix and sensitizes orthotopic glioblastomas to chemotherapy. Oncogene 2006; 26:2563-73. [PMID: 17099729 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2, a.k.a. tissue transglutaminase) belongs to a family of transglutaminase enzymes that stabilize proteins by affecting covalent crosslinking via formation of amide bonds. Cell surface TG2 is directly involved as an adhesive receptor in cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. Here, we show that TG2 activity is elevated in glioblastomas compared with non-neoplastic brain. Immunofluorescent studies showed increased staining of fibronectin colocalized with TG2 in the ECM in glioblastomas. In addition, small clusters of invading human glioblastoma cells present in non-neoplastic brain parenchyma secrete high levels of TG2 and fibronectin that distinguish them from normal brain stroma. Downregulation of TG2 in U87MG glioblastoma cells with RNAi demonstrated decreased assembly of fibronectin in the ECM. Treatment with KCC009 blocked the remodeling of fibronectin in the ECM in glioblastomas in both in vitro and in vivo studies. KCC009 treatment in mice harboring orthotopic glioblastomas (DBT-FG) sensitized the tumors to N,N'-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea chemotherapy, as measured by reduced bioluminescence, increased apoptosis and prolonged survival. The ability of KCC009 to interfere with the permissive remodeling of fibronectin in the ECM in glioblastomas suggests a novel target to enhance sensitivity to chemotherapy directed not only at the tumor mass, but also invading glioblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yuan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
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Raghavan A, Robison RL, McNabb J, Miller CR, Williams DA, Bohjanen PR. HuA and tristetraprolin are induced following T cell activation and display distinct but overlapping RNA binding specificities. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:47958-65. [PMID: 11602610 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109511200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
AU-rich elements found in the 3'-untranslated regions of cytokine and proto-oncogene transcripts regulate mRNA degradation and function as binding sites for the mRNA-stabilizing protein HuA and the mRNA-destabilizing protein tristetraprolin. Experiments were performed to evaluate the expression of HuA and tristetraprolin in purified human T lymphocytes and to evaluate the ability of these proteins to recognize specific AU-rich sequences. HuA is a predominantly nuclear protein that can also be found in the cytoplasm of resting T lymphocytes. Within 1 h after stimulation of T lymphocytes with anti-T cell receptor antibodies or a combination of a phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin, an increase in cytoplasmic HuA RNA-binding activity was observed. Although absent in resting cells, cytoplasmic tristetraprolin protein was detected 3-6 h following activation. HuA recognized specific AU-rich sequences found in c-jun or c-myc mRNA that were poorly recognized by tristetraprolin. In contrast, tristetraprolin recognized an AU-rich sequence in interleukin-2 mRNA that was poorly recognized by HuA. Both HuA and tristetraprolin, however, recognized AU-rich sequences from c-fos, interleukin-3, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor mRNA. HuA may transiently stabilize a subset of AU-rich element-containing transcripts following T lymphocyte activation, and tristetraprolin may subsequently mediate their degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Raghavan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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Leikauf GD, McDowell SA, Wesselkamper SC, Miller CR, Hardie WD, Gammon K, Biswas PP, Korfhagen TR, Bachurski CJ, Wiest JS, Willeke K, Bingham E, Leikauf JE, Aronow BJ, Prows DR. Pathogenomic mechanisms for particulate matter induction of acute lung injury and inflammation in mice. Res Rep Health Eff Inst 2001:5-58; discussion 59-71. [PMID: 11954676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To begin identifying genes controlling individual susceptibility to particulate matter, responses of inbred mouse strains exposed to nickel sulfate (NiSO4*) were compared with those of mice exposed to ozone (O3) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The A strain was sensitive to NiSO4-induced lung injury (quantified by survival time), the C3H/He (C3) strain and several other strains were intermediate in their responses, and the C57BL/6 (B6) strain was resistant. The strains showed a pattern of response similar to the patterns of response to O3 and PTFE. The phenotype of A x B6 offspring (B6AF1) resembled that of the resistant B6 parental strain, with strains exhibiting sensitivity in the order A > C3 > B6 = B6AF1. Pathology was comparable for the A and B6 mice, and exposure to NiSO4 at 15 microg/m3 produced 20% mortality in A mice. Strain sensitivity for the presence of protein or neutrophils in lavage fluid differed from strain sensitivity for survival time, suggesting that they are not causally linked but are controlled by an independent gene or genes. In the B6 strain, exposure to nickel oxide (NiO) by instillation (40 to 1000 nm) or inhalation (50 nm) produced no changes, whereas inhalation of NiSO4 (60 or 250 nm) increased lavage proteins and neutrophils. Complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray analysis with 8,734 sequence-verified clones revealed a temporal pattern of increased oxidative stress, extracellular matrix repair, cell proliferation, and hypoxia, followed by a decrease in surfactant-associated proteins (SPs). Certain expressed sequence tags (ESTs), clustered with known genes, suggest possible coregulation and novel roles in pulmonary injury. Finally, locus number estimation (Wright equation) and a genomewide analysis suggested 5 genes could explain the survival time and identified significant linkage for a quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 6, Aliq4 (acute lung injury QTL4). Haplotype analysis identified an allelic combination of 5 QTLs that could explain the difference in sensitivity to acute lung injury between parental strains. Positional candidate genes for Aliq4 include aquaporin-1 (Aqp1), SP-B, and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha). Transgenic mice expressing TGF-alpha were rescued from NiSO4 injury (that is, they had diminished SP-B loss and increased survival time). These findings suggest that NiSO4-induced acute lung injury is a complex trait controlled by at least 5 genes (all possibly involved in cell proliferation and surfactant function). Future assessment of these susceptibility genes (including evaluations of human synteny and function) could provide valuable insights into individual susceptibility to the adverse effects of particulate matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Leikauf
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, OH 45267-0056, USA
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Abstract
The effects of baclofen, an agonist at GABA(B) receptors, were evaluated in rats trained to discriminate 10.0 mg/kg of cocaine or 1. 0 mg/kg of methamphetamine from saline under a fixed-ratio 10 schedule of food delivery. Baclofen (0.56-5.6 mg/kg) did not attenuate the discriminative-stimulus effects of the training dose of cocaine or methamphetamine and did not produce any shift in the cocaine and methamphetamine dose-response curves. Higher baclofen doses (3.0-5.6 mg/kg), however, markedly depressed or completely eliminated food-maintained responding. This suggests that previous reports of baclofen-induced decreases in cocaine self-administration behavior are connected, in some way, with either a general suppression of appetitive behaviors or with sedation and locomotor depression, rather than with any pharmacologically specific effect, and not accompanied by changes in subjective response to cocaine, as assessed by discriminative-stimulus measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Munzar
- Preclinical Pharmacology Section, Behavioral Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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Kelly FJ, Miller CR, Buchsbaum DJ, Gomez-Navarro J, Barnes MN, Alvarez RD, Curiel DT. Selectivity of TAG-72-targeted adenovirus gene transfer to primary ovarian carcinoma cells versus autologous mesothelial cells in vitro. Clin Cancer Res 2000; 6:4323-33. [PMID: 11106250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Efficient gene transfer by recombinant adenovirus (Ad) vectors depends on expression of CAR and alpha(v) integrin on target cells. Because Ad may also infect nearby nontarget cells expressing these receptors, such as peritoneal mesothelial cells after i.p. injection, we hypothesized that targeting Ad gene delivery to a receptor overexpressed on most ovarian carcinoma cells, such as TAG-72, would enhance the selectivity of Ad gene transfer when used in this context. A monoclonal antibody that has been investigated clinically for immunotherapy and immunodetection of ovarian carcinomas, namely CC49, was used to construct a bispecific conjugate with the Fab fragment of a neutralizing anti-knob mAb to target Ad binding via TAG-72. This conjugate facilitated TAG-72-specific, CAR-independent Ad reporter gene transfer to both ovarian cancer cell lines and primary ovarian cancer cells cultured from malignant ascites fluid. Fab-CC49 was very selective for tumor cells, augmenting Ad gene transfer to primary ovarian cancer cells 2- to 28-fold relative to untargeted Ad, while also decreasing gene transfer to autologous cultured mesothelial cells 4- to 9-fold. These data suggest that targeting Ad via TAG-72 may improve the selectivity of Ad gene transfer for ovarian tumors 8- to 252-fold on i.p. vector injection. These results also define the requirements for a candidate target receptor in the rational design of a targeted Ad vector for ultimate clinical utility, one that selectively infects tumor cells and spares normal cells on i.p. injection. Such a vector may increase gene transfer and decrease the toxicity of Ad vectors, which would improve the therapeutic index of cytotoxic gene therapy for ovarian cancer in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Kelly
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA
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Abstract
It is often necessary for chemical risk assessment to determine a quantitative relationship between the internal dose of a chemical and its biological effect. The tool best suited for this purpose is a biologically based pharmacodynamic (BBPD) model. Such a BBPD model was developed previously (10) to simulate chemically induced lipid peroxidation, and it was experimentally calibrated in precision-cut mouse liver slices in vitro. The BBPD model simulated formation of lipid hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) over time and was originally calibrated with different concentrations of tert-butyl hydroperoxide and bromotrichloromethane. The objective of the present work is to refine this BBPD model so it can describe the kinetics and the dose response of lipid peroxidation induced by a weakly pro-oxidant chemical, trichloroethylene (TCE). The chemical-dependent model parameters were optimized to reflect the chemistry of TCE. Two basic algorithms, linear and square root, for the description of stoichiometric free radical production from TCE were tested. Predictions with the square root algorithm fit the experimental data employing TBARS as an end point better than those by the linear algorithm. The calibrated BBPD model will be used to support our future mathematical description of TCE pharmacodynamics in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Z Byczkowski
- ManTech Environmental Technology Inc., Dayton, OH 45437, USA.
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Abstract
The potential biomedical utility of the photoinduced destabilization of liposomes depends in part on the use of green to near infrared light with its inherent therapeutic advantages. The polymerization of bilayers can be sensitized to green light by associating selected amphiphilic cyanine dyes, i.e. the cationic 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3', 3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine (DiI), or the corresponding anionic disulfonated DiI (DiI-DS), with the lipid bilayer. The DiI sensitization of the polymerization of 1, 2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine/1,2-bis[10-(2', 4'-hexadienoyloxy)-decanoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine liposomes caused liposome destabilization with release of encapsulated aqueous markers. In separate experiments, similar photosensitive liposomes were endocytosed by cultured HeLa cells. Exposure of the cells and liposomes to 550 nm light caused a net movement of the liposome-encapsulated 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (HPTS) from low pH compartment(s) to higher pH compartment(s). This suggests that photolysis of DiI-labelled liposomes results in delivery of the contents of the endocytosed liposomes to the cytoplasm. The release of HPTS into the cytoplasm appears to require the photoactivated fusion of the labelled liposomes with the endosomal membrane. These studies aid in the design of visible light sensitive liposomes for the delivery of liposome-encapsulated reagents to the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Miller
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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Hertzberg BS, Kliewer MA, Decker M, Miller CR, Bowie JD. Antenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata. J Ultrasound Med 1999; 18:715-718. [PMID: 10511306 DOI: 10.7863/jum.1999.18.10.715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by stippled epiphyses and rhizomelic shortening of the long bones. Most fetuses with the disorder die in utero or shortly thereafter, and the few that survive suffer severe debility and profound mental retardation. Death ensues in the first decade of life. Relatively few reports discuss antenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata. We describe the prospective antenatal diagnosis of rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata in a fetus with no family history of the disorder, based on the sonographic findings of severe rhizomelic limb shortening in combination with premature ossification and stippling of multiple epiphyses. The ultrasonographic features and differential diagnosis of rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata are elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Hertzberg
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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Blackwell JL, Miller CR, Douglas JT, Li H, Reynolds PN, Carroll WR, Peters GE, Strong TV, Curiel DT. Retargeting to EGFR enhances adenovirus infection efficiency of squamous cell carcinoma. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1999; 125:856-63. [PMID: 10448731 DOI: 10.1001/archotol.125.8.856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenovirus-mediated gene therapy has been used for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), but the in vivo efficacy has been limited by a lack of tissue specificity and low infection efficiency. We are interested in improving cancer gene therapy strategies using targeted adenovirus vectors. OBJECTIVE To determine if the infection efficiency of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to SCCHN cells could be enhanced by retargeting to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is known to be overexpressed in these tumors. DESIGN Epidermal growth factor receptor retargeting in SCCHN cells was accomplished with a bispecific antibody that recognized the knob domain of adenovirus as well as EGFR. Using this retargeting schema, we compared the infection efficiency and specificity of unmodified and EGFR-retargeted adenovirus. RESULTS Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck cell lines were shown to be infected by adenovirus with low efficiency, which is likely because of the low level of adenovirus receptor expressed in the SCCHN cells. Epidermal growth factor receptor retargeting markedly enhanced transduction in both SCCHN cell lines and primary tumor tissue, as indicated by the elevated levels of reporter gene expression. Furthermore, retargeting enhanced infection of tumor tissue compared with normal tissue from the same patient. CONCLUSIONS Epidermal growth factor receptor retargeting enhanced adenovirus infection of SCCHN cells and, in doing so, augments the potency of the vector. This modification makes the vector potentially more valuable in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Blackwell
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- DP Frush
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
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Douglas JT, Miller CR, Kim M, Dmitriev I, Mikheeva G, Krasnykh V, Curiel DT. A system for the propagation of adenoviral vectors with genetically modified receptor specificities. Nat Biotechnol 1999; 17:470-5. [PMID: 10331807 DOI: 10.1038/8647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The development of genetically modified adenovirus (Ad) vectors with specificity for a single cell type will require both the introduction of novel tropism determinants and the ablation of endogenous tropism. Consequently, it will not be possible to exploit the native cellular entry pathway in the propagation of these targeted Ad vectors. Based on the concept that Ad enters cells by a two-step process in which a primary receptor serves as a high affinity binding site for the Ad fiber knob, with subsequent internalization mediated by alpha v integrins, we designed two artificial primary receptors. The extracellular domain of one of these synthetic receptors was derived from a single-chain antibody (sFv) with specificity for Ad5 knob, while the second receptor consisted of an icosapeptide identified by biopanning a phage display library against Ad5 knob. Expression of either of these artificial virus-binding receptors in fiber receptor-negative cells possessing alpha v integrins conferred susceptibility to Ad infection. We then created a novel mechanism for cell binding by genetically modifying both the vector and the target cell. In this approach, six histidine (His) residues were incorporated at the C-terminal of the Ad fiber protein. The resultant Ad vector was able to infect nonpermissive cells displaying the cognate artificial receptor, containing an anti-His sFv. This strategy, comprising a genetically engineered Ad virion and a modified cell line, should be useful in the propagation of targeted Ad vectors that lack the ability to bind the native fiber receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Douglas
- Gene Therapy Center, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA
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Spencer DL, Masten SA, Lanier KM, Yang X, Grassman JA, Miller CR, Sutter TR, Lucier GW, Walker NJ. Quantitative analysis of constitutive and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced cytochrome P450 1B1 expression in human lymphocytes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1999; 8:139-46. [PMID: 10067811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD or dioxin) results in a broad spectrum of biological responses, including altered metabolism, disruption of normal hormone signaling pathways, reproductive and developmental effects, and cancer. Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) is a dioxin-inducible gene that is active in the formation of 4-hydroxyestradiol, a potentially genotoxic catechol estrogen. Therefore, the analysis of CYP1B1 in humans may be useful in establishing relationships between dioxin exposure and adverse health effects. In this study, we examined the expression of CYP1B1 in human peripheral blood lymphocytes of unexposed individuals using a quantitative reverse transcription-PCR method. Absolute CYP1B1 RNA levels varied more than 30-fold in uncultured mononuclear cells obtained from 10 individuals. In vitro treatment of mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes with TCDD for 1-5 days of culture resulted in a peak induction of CYP1B1 after 3 days. The induction of CYP1B1 RNA levels after 3 days of culture was dose-dependent, exhibited a maximum response above 10 nM TCDD, and varied greatly among different individuals. However, the half maximal dose required for this induction was similar between individuals and comparable to that observed in the MCF-7 and HepG2 human cell lines. These observations indicate that CYP1B1 exhibits variable constitutive expression and is inducible in vitro by TCDD in human lymphocytes and that the magnitude of induction varies within the population. These data define the suitability of CYP1B1 for use as a mechanistically based biomarker in ongoing molecular epidemiological studies of human populations exposed to dioxins and related chemicals that bind the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Spencer
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Risk Analysis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
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Miller CR, Buchsbaum DJ, Reynolds PN, Douglas JT, Gillespie GY, Mayo MS, Raben D, Curiel DT. Differential susceptibility of primary and established human glioma cells to adenovirus infection: targeting via the epidermal growth factor receptor achieves fiber receptor-independent gene transfer. Cancer Res 1998; 58:5738-48. [PMID: 9865732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Adenovirus (Ad) vectors are promising for gene therapy of glioma due to their ability to achieve efficient gene transfer upon intratumoral administration. Yet in this context, Ad mediates widespread gene transfer to both tumor and surrounding parenchyma. Ad entry is dependent upon the expression of fiber receptors, such as coxsackie/adenovirus receptor, and alpha(v) integrins on the target cells for binding and internalization, respectively. We hypothesized that the susceptibility of human gliomas to Ad would likely be heterogeneous due to variable expression of these receptors. It was found that established human glioma cell lines exhibited differential susceptibility to Ad-mediated gene transfer, which correlated directly with the level of radiolabeled Ad binding and with the expression of coxsackie/adenovirus receptor but not with the expression of alpha(v) integrins. To circumvent the lack of fiber receptors and to target Ad gene transfer specifically to tumor cells, we used a bispecific antibody conjugate to ablate Ad binding to fiber receptors and retarget binding to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a tumor-associated marker negligibly expressed in normal, mitotically quiescent neural tissues. The results demonstrate that EGFR-targeted Ad gene transfer was EGFR specific and independent of fiber-fiber receptor interactions. Furthermore, EGFR targeting significantly enhanced Ad gene delivery to 7 of 12 established glioma cell lines and to 6 of 8 cultured primary gliomas. Interestingly, EGFR-targeted Ad gene transfer did not correlate with EGFR expression across cell lines, suggesting the importance of other factors. This study establishes that fiber receptor expression limits the utility of Ad vectors for gene transfer to glioma cells and suggests that targeting Ad via EGFR may prove valuable for tumor-specific gene transfer to high-grade gliomas. These findings have key relevance in the context of Ad vector-based approaches for glioma gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Miller
- Gene Therapy Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA
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Dmitriev I, Krasnykh V, Miller CR, Wang M, Kashentseva E, Mikheeva G, Belousova N, Curiel DT. An adenovirus vector with genetically modified fibers demonstrates expanded tropism via utilization of a coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor-independent cell entry mechanism. J Virol 1998; 72:9706-13. [PMID: 9811704 PMCID: PMC110480 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.72.12.9706-9713.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 567] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant adenoviruses (Ad) have become the vector system of choice for a variety of gene therapy applications. However, the utility of Ad vectors is limited due to the low efficiency of Ad-mediated gene transfer to cells expressing marginal levels of the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR). In order to achieve CAR-independent gene transfer by Ad vectors in clinically important contexts, we proposed modification of viral tropism via genetic alterations to the viral fiber protein. We have shown that incorporation of an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-containing peptide in the HI loop of the fiber knob domain results in the ability of the virus to utilize an alternative receptor during the cell entry process. We have also demonstrated that due to its expanded tissue tropism, this novel vector is capable of efficient transduction of primary tumor cells. An increase in gene transfer to ovarian cancer cells of 2 to 3 orders of magnitude was demonstrated by the vector, suggesting that recombinant Ad containing fibers with an incorporated RGD peptide may be of great utility for treatment of neoplasms characterized by deficiency of the primary Ad type 5 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Dmitriev
- Gene Therapy Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-3300, USA
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Miller CR, Bondurant B, McLean SD, McGovern KA, O'Brien DF. Liposome-cell interactions in vitro: effect of liposome surface charge on the binding and endocytosis of conventional and sterically stabilized liposomes. Biochemistry 1998; 37:12875-83. [PMID: 9737866 DOI: 10.1021/bi980096y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 397] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The cellular uptake of liposomes is generally believed to be mediated by adsorption of liposomes onto the cell surface and subsequent endocytosis. This report examines the effect of liposome surface charge on liposomal binding and endocytosis in two different cell lines: a human ovarian carcinoma cell line (HeLa) and a murine derived mononuclear macrophage cell line (J774). The large unilamellar liposomes were composed of 1, 2-dioleolyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine with and without the addition of either a positively charged lipid, 1, 2-dioleoyl-3-dimethylammonium propanediol (DODAP), or a negatively charged lipid, 1,2-dioleolyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylserine. In some experiments 5 mol % of the anionic PEG2000-PE or a neutral PEG lipid of the same molecular weight was added. HeLa cells were found to endocytose positively charged liposomes to a greater extent than either neutral or negatively charged liposomes. This preference was not lipid-specific since inclusion of a cationic cyanine dye, DiIC18(3), to impart positive charge in place of DODAP resulted in a similar extent of endocytosis. In contrast the extent of liposome interaction with J774 cells was greater for both cationic and anionic liposomes than for neutral liposomes. The greater uptake of positively charged liposomes by HeLa cells was also observed with sterically stabilized liposomes (PEG liposomes). Although the overall amount of endocytosis for all the PEG liposomes examined was attenuated relative to conventional liposomes, the extent of endocytosis was greatest for positively charged PEG liposomes, whereas negatively charged PEG2000-PE liposomes were hardly endocytosed by the HeLa cells. Incorporation of a neutral PEG lipid into liposomes permits the independent variation of liposome steric and electrostatic effects in a manner that may allow interactions with cells of the reticuloendothelial system to be minimized, yet permit strong interactions between liposomes and proliferating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Bisset
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Krasnykh V, Dmitriev I, Mikheeva G, Miller CR, Belousova N, Curiel DT. Characterization of an adenovirus vector containing a heterologous peptide epitope in the HI loop of the fiber knob. J Virol 1998; 72:1844-52. [PMID: 9499035 PMCID: PMC109474 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.72.3.1844-1852.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The utility of the present generation of recombinant adenovirus vectors for gene therapy applications could potentially be improved by designing targeted vectors capable of gene delivery to selected cell types in vivo. In order to achieve such targeting, we are investigating the possibilities of incorporation of ligands in the adenovirus fiber protein, which mediates primary binding of adenovirus to its cell surface receptor. Based on the proposed structure of the cell-binding domain of the fiber, we hypothesized that the HI loop of the fiber knob can be utilized as a convenient locale for incorporation of heterologous ligands. In this study, we utilized recombinant fiber proteins expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells to demonstrate that the incorporation of the FLAG octapeptide into the HI loop does not ablate fiber trimerization and does not disturb formation of the cell-binding site localized in the knob. We then generated a recombinant adenovirus containing this modified fiber and showed that the short peptide sequence engineered in the knob is compatible with the biological functions of the fiber. In addition, by using a ligand-specific antibody, we have shown that the peptide incorporated into the knob remains available for binding in the context of mature virions containing modified fibers. These findings suggest that heterologous ligands can be incorporated into the HI loop of the fiber knob and that this locale possesses properties consistent with its employment in adenovirus retargeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Krasnykh
- Gene Therapy Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294-3300, USA
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Miller CR. Costs at for-profit and not-for-profit hospitals. N Engl J Med 1997; 337:1779. [PMID: 9411258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Miller CR. Pediatric aspects of AIDS. Radiol Clin North Am 1997; 35:1191-221. [PMID: 9298092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Children comprise only 2% of patients with AIDS in the United States, and this article considers the vast array of clinical and radiographic manifestations that may be seen in this patient population. Particular attention is paid to ways in which the disease in children differs from that in the adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Miller
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Whaley MH, Brubaker PH, Kaminsky LA, Miller CR. Validity of rating of perceived exertion during graded exercise testing in apparently healthy adults and cardiac patients. J Cardiopulm Rehabil 1997; 17:261-7. [PMID: 9271770 DOI: 10.1097/00008483-199707000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent exercise guidelines recommend a generalized rating of perceived exertion (RPE) range of 12 to 16 (15-point Borg scale) as the perceptual range associated with a physiological training effect. However, whether an individual who selects an RPE within the generalized range during an graded exercise test or exercise training, is actually within the correlated physiological range (50 to 85% maximum oxygen consumption [VO2max]) has not been studied in large samples of apparently healthy individuals or cardiac patients. The purpose of the present study was to assess the validity of the generalized RPE recommendations in a large heterogeneous group of apparently healthy subjects and cardiac patients. METHODS Subjects included apparently healthy adults (N = 463) and cardiac patients (N = 217) who presented for a sign-symptom limited maximal graded exercise test (SSLMGXT). Ratings of perceived exertion associated with relative exercise intensities of 60 and 80% of maximal heart rate reserve (MHRR) and peak exercise were selected for analyses. RESULTS Significant interindividual variability in RPE was observed at both relative exercise intensities (6 to 20 RPE range at 60% MHRR; 8 to 20 RPE range at 80% MHRR) for both populations. Thirty-nine percent of healthy subjects and 32% of cardiac patients reported an RPE outside an 11 to 14 range at 60% of MHRR, whereas 32% of healthy subjects and 52% of cardiac patients reported an RPE outside of a 14 to 17 range at 80% of MHRR. Peak RPE was higher for the apparently healthy subjects compared with the cardiac patients (18.8 +/- 1.2 versus 16.5 +/- 1.8; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS These results challenge the applicability of the generalized RPE recommendations described in recent exercise guidelines under typical clinical exercise testing conditions. The basis for the generalized RPE recommendations warrant further investigation. Those who desire to use RPE as a marker of relative exercise intensity during SSLMGXT should take into consideration the large interindividual variability in these measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Whaley
- Adult Physical Fitness Programs, Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47306, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE An unfortunate consequence of increased success in childhood cancer survival rates is the increase in the number of secondary malignant neoplasms after therapy for the initial lesion. Renal cell carcinoma can occur as a secondary malignant neoplasm after therapy for neuroblastoma and may become more common as more patients with treated neuroblastomas survive into adulthood. We studied one case and reviewed four cases of secondary renal cell carcinoma to determine if the relationship between these two neoplasms is significant. CONCLUSION An awareness of the association between these two neoplasms is important in the diagnostic follow-up of neuroblastoma so that secondary renal cell carcinoma is not confused with recurrence of primary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Donnelly
- Department of Radiology, Childrens Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA
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Abstract
Bennett and O'Brien [(1995) Biochemistry 34, 3102] showed that the ultraviolet light exposure of two-component large unilamellar liposomes (LUV) composed of a 3:1 molar mixture of dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) and 1,2-bis[10-(2'-hexadienoyloxy)decanoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidyl- choline (bis-SorbPC) facilitated liposome fusion. The rate and extent of liposome fusion was dependent on the extent of photopolymerization, the temperature, and the pH. Examination of the temperature dependence of fusion of photolyzed and unphotolyzed liposomes demonstrated that an enhancement of the rate of fusion occurred in the temperature range associated with the initial appearance of precursors to the inverted cubic (QII) phase [Barry et al. (1992) Biochemistry 31, 10114]. Here, the effect of the molar lipid ratio of the DOPE/bis-SorbPC liposomes on the temperature for the onset of fusion, i.e. the critical fusion temperature, was characterized by changing the relative amounts of unreactive polymorphic lipid and reactive lamellar lipid. In each case, photopolymerization of bis-SorbPC lowered the critical fusion temperature by ca. 15-20 degrees C. The photoreaction of the bis-SorbPC-containing LUV yields cross-linked poly-SorbPC, enhancing the lateral separation of the DOPE and the polylipid and causing isothermal induction of liposome fusion by lowering the temperature for the onset of fusion. Evidence is presented to support the hypothesis that the critical temperature for fusion of two LUV populations depends on the molar ratio of the monomeric lipids in heterodimers of the two LUV. This analysis indicates that the photopolymerization of appropriately designed LUV can decrease the critical fusion temperature from above to below 37 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Miller
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA
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Byczkowski JZ, Channel SR, Pravecek TL, Miller CR. Mathematical model for chemically induced lipid peroxidation in precision-cut liver slices: computer simulation and experimental calibration. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 1996; 50:73-84. [PMID: 8835842 DOI: 10.1016/0169-2607(96)01735-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A biologically based pharmacodynamic (BBPD) model was developed in order to describe and simulate chemically induced lipid peroxidation in precision cut mouse liver slices. The model was written in Advanced Continuous Simulation Language (ACSL) and simulations were performed using SIMUSOLV software on a VAX/VMS mainframe computer. The BBPD model simulated formation of lipid hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) over time as a function of the amounts of cytochrome P450 (CYP)-activated chemical inducer and active antioxidants. The rate of peroxidation was controlled by lipid peroxidizability, destruction of CYP, autooxidation, and activity of glutathione peroxidase. The BBPD model was initially parameterized with the literature data for TBARS formation during lipid peroxidation, reported for rat liver slices induced with bromotrichloromethane and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBOOH). Then, the biochemical parameters were adjusted to reflect the physiology of the mouse liver, and the BBPD model was used to simulate TBARS formation during lipid peroxidation in precision cut mouse liver slices induced with TBOOH. The BBPD model predictions were in agreement with the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Z Byczkowski
- ManTech Environmental Technology, Inc., Dayton, OH 45437-0009, USA
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