1
|
Yang TY, Tsai MS, Jan JY, Chang JJ, Chung CM, Lin MS, Chen HM, Lin YS. Early administration of ivabradine in patients admitted for acute decompensated heart failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1036418. [PMID: 36523364 PMCID: PMC9744812 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1036418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart rate (HR) control is important in heart failure (HF) patients with reduced ejection fraction, and ivabradine is indicated for patients with chronic HF and sinus rhythm. However, ivabradine is limited in initiation of ivabradine at acute stage of HF. MATERIALS AND METHODS This multi-institutional retrospective study enrolled 30,639 patients who were admitted for HF from January 01, 2013 to December 31, 2018 at Chang Gung Memorial Hospitals. After applying selection criteria, the eligible patients were divided into ivabradine and non-ivabradine groups according to the initiation of ivabradine at the index hospitalization. HR, clinical outcomes including HF hospitalization, all-cause hospitalization, mortality, the composite of cardiovascular (CV) death or HF hospitalization and newly developed atrial fibrillation, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left atrium size were compared between the ivabradine and non-ivabradine groups after inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis after 12 months. RESULTS The HR at admission in the ivabradine group (n = 433) was 99.04 ± 20.69/min, compared to 86.99 ± 20.34/min in the non-ivabradine group (n = 9,601). After IPTW, HR was lower in the ivabradine group than that in the non-ivabradine group after 12 months (74.14 ± 8.53 vs. 81.23 ± 16.79 bpm, p = 0.079). However, there were no significant differences in HF hospitalization (HR = 1.02; 95% CI, 0.38-2.79), all-cause hospitalization (HR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.54-1.68), mortality (HR = 0.87; 95% CI, 0.69-1.08), the composite of CV death or HF hospitalization (HR = 0.87; 95% CI, 0.69-1.08) and newly developed AF between the two groups. In addition, LVEF increased with time in both groups, but there were no significant differences during the observation period. CONCLUSION Ivabradine was beneficial in controlling HR when initiated in patients with acute stage of HF, but it did not seem to provide any benefits in reducing HF hospitalization, all-cause hospitalization, and mortality in 1 year after discharge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Yao Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Meng-shu Tsai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Yu Jan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Jung Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ming Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shyan Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ming Chen
- Center for Big Data Analytics and Statistics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang HT, Chen YL, Lin YS, Chen HC, Chong SZ, Hsueh S, Chung CM, Chen MC. Corrigendum: Differential Risk of Dementia Between Patients With Atrial Flutter and Atrial Fibrillation: A National Cohort Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:819771. [PMID: 34957269 PMCID: PMC8696358 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.819771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ting Wang
- Department of Emergency, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Lung Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Lin
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Chung Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shaur-Zheng Chong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shukai Hsueh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ming Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Cheng Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang HT, Chen YL, Lin YS, Chen HC, Chong SZ, Hsueh S, Chung CM, Chen MC. Differential Risk of Dementia Between Patients With Atrial Flutter and Atrial Fibrillation: A National Cohort Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:787866. [PMID: 34869699 PMCID: PMC8638951 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.787866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is linked to an increased risk of stroke and dementia. Atrial flutter (AFL) is also linked to an increased risk of stroke but at a different level of risk as compared to AF. Little is known about the difference in the risk of dementia between AF and AFL. This study aims to investigate whether the risk of dementia is different between AF and AFL. Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed AF and AFL during 2001–2013 were retrieved from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. Patients with incomplete demographic data, aged <20 years, history of valvular surgery, rheumatic heart disease, hyperthyroidism, and history of dementia were excluded. The incidence of new-onset dementia was set as the primary outcome and analyzed in patients with AF and AFL after propensity score matching (PSM). Results: A total of 232,425 and 7,569 patients with AF and AFL, respectively, were eligible for analysis. After 4:1 PSM, we included 30,276 and 7,569 patients with AF and AFL, respectively, for analysis. Additionally, patients with AF (n = 29,187) and AFL (n = 451) who received oral anticoagulants were enrolled for comparison. The risk of dementia was higher in patients with AF compared with patients with AFL (subdistribution hazard ratio (SHR) = 1.52, 95% CI 1.39–1.66; p < 0.0001) before PSM and remained higher in patients with AF (SHR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.04–1.25; p = 0.0064) after PSM. The risk of dementia was higher in patients with AF without previous history of stroke after PSM but the risk did not differ between patients with AF and AFL with previous history of stroke. Among patients who received oral anticoagulants, the cumulative incidences of dementia were significantly higher in patients with AF than in patients with AFL before and after PSM (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: This study found that, among patients without history of stroke, the risk of dementia was higher in patients with AF than in patients with AFL, and CHA2DS2-VASc score might be useful for risk stratification of dementia between patients with AF and AFL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ting Wang
- Department of Emergency, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Lung Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Lin
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Chung Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shaur-Zheng Chong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shukai Hsueh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ming Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Cheng Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lin YS, Kuan FC, Chao TF, Wu M, Chen SW, Chen MC, Chung CM, Chu PH, Lip GYH, Wu VCC. Mortality associated with the use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in cancer patients: Dabigatran versus rivaroxaban. Cancer Med 2021; 10:7079-7088. [PMID: 34464520 PMCID: PMC8525135 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study assesses the mortality outcomes of non‐vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in cancer patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) and atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods Medical records of cancer patients receiving NOACs for VTE or AF between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2016, were retrieved from Taiwan's National Health Institute Research Database. NOACs were compared using the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method. The primary outcome was cancer‐related death. Secondary outcomes were all‐cause mortality, major bleeding, and gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Results Among 202,754 patients who received anticoagulants, 3591 patients (dabigatran: 907; rivaroxaban: 2684) with active cancers were studied. Patients who received dabigatran were associated with lower risks of cancer‐related death at one year (HR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.54–0.93) and at the end of follow‐ups (HR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.64–0.98) compared with rivaroxaban. Patients who received dabigatran were also associated with lower risks of all‐cause mortality (HR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.67–0.97), major bleeding (HR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.47–0.88), and GI bleeding (HR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.39–0.84) at the end of follow‐ups compared with rivaroxaban. Conclusion Compared with rivaroxaban, the use of dabigatran may be associated with a lower risk of cancer‐related death and all‐cause mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Che Kuan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Fan Chao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Wu
- Divison of Cardiovascular Medicine, Miriam and Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Shao-Wei Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Cheng Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ming Chung
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Hsien Chu
- Division of Cardiology, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.,Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Victor Chien-Chia Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen YL, Chen J, Wang HT, Chang YT, Chong SZ, Hsueh S, Chung CM, Lin YS. Sex Difference in the Risk of Dementia in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11050760. [PMID: 33922776 PMCID: PMC8145027 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11050760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the risk factors for dementia. Female sex is an inconsistent risk factor for dementia after adjusting for age in the general population, and there lacks research on its impact in developing dementia in patients with AF. This paper aims to investigate whether female sex is a risk factor for dementia in AF patients. Data of patients with newly diagnosed AF between 2001–2013 were retrieved from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. Exclusion criteria were: patients with incomplete demographic data, age < 20 years, rheumatic heart disease, hyperthyroidism, past valvular heart surgery, and a history of dementia. Propensity score matching (PSM) between sexes was performed, including comorbidities, medications and index date stratified by age. The primary outcome was a new diagnosis of dementia at follow-up. A total of 117,517 men and 156,705 women were eligible for analysis. After 1:1 PSM, both 100,065 men and women (aged 72.5 ± 12.5 years) were included for analysis. Dementia risk varied with age in women compared with men. The difference was negligible for ≤55 years (sub distribution HR (SHR) = 0.89, 95% CI 0.73–1.07), but increased between 56–65 years (SHR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.02–1.25), 66–75 years (SHR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.09–1.20), 75–85 years (SHR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.07–1.15) and >85 years (SHR 1.10, 95% CI 1.04–1.16) for females. This study establishes that female sex increases the risk of developing dementia compared to male sex in AF patients aged >56 years. However, the impact of female sex on dementia in AF patients differs between dementia types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Lung Chen
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (Y.-L.C.); (S.-Z.C.); (S.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Joseph Chen
- University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Hui-Ting Wang
- Emergency Department, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
| | - Ya-Ting Chang
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
| | - Shaur-Zheng Chong
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (Y.-L.C.); (S.-Z.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Shukai Hsueh
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (Y.-L.C.); (S.-Z.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Chang-Ming Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Sheng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-5-362-1000 (ext. 2854)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen YL, Wang HT, Chen HC, Liu WH, Hsueh S, Chung WJ, Wu PJ, Liu CH, Chung CM, Lin YS. A risk stratification scoring system for new-onset atrial fibrillation after ischemic stroke: A National cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20881. [PMID: 32629677 PMCID: PMC7337555 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major independent risk factor of stroke and anticoagulation therapy is needed in patients with AF after ischemic stroke. However, the detection rate of AF is low after ischemic stroke. Developing a prediction model for newly diagnosed AF after ischemic stroke will help to assess the subclinical AF.We identified 98,103 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and 261,893 patients without DM, who were not AF history and admitted for newly ischemic stroke from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. The prediction model for 3-year incidence of AF after ischemic stroke was derived from multivariate logistic regression and also the accuracy rate of the prediction model was compared with CHA2DS2-VASC and CHADS2 scores as a reference.Four thousand nine hundred seventy six patients in the DM cohort and 16,127 patients in the non-DM cohort developed AF during 3 years of follow-up. The variables in the point-based prediction model for non-DM patients (range: -3-28), included age, heart failure, coronary artery disease, gout, obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, female, and statin use, while those for DM patients (range: -2-30) included age, heart failure, coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, hypertension, obstructive pulmonary disease, and statin use. Compared to the CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scoring systems, this scoring system was better at predicting 3-year risk of AF after ischemic stroke in both cohorts.This model might be useful in evaluating the benefit of insertable cardiac monitor implantation and anticoagulation agents in individual patients after ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Lung Chen
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University
| | - Hui-Ting Wang
- Emergency Department, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
| | - Huang-Chung Chen
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine
| | - Wen-Hao Liu
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine
| | - Shukai Hsueh
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine
| | - Wen-Jung Chung
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine
| | - Po-Jui Wu
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine
| | - Chi-Hung Liu
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan
| | - Chang-Ming Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lee WK, Lo A, Chong G, Chang SYS, Lu V, Yip PLI, Liu CMK, Leung M, Chung CM, Wong KY, Yeung YYE, Chan SMA, Ngai YS, Wong PS, Lo TL. New Service Model for Common Mental Disorders in Hong Kong: a Retrospective Outcome Study. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2019; 29:75-80. [PMID: 31566182 DOI: 10.12809/eaap1822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the first 8-month outcome of the Common Mental Disorder Clinic model in Hong Kong in terms of patient exit status and improvement in depressive and anxiety symptoms. METHODS During the first appointment, patients were interviewed by a multidisciplinary team comprising a psychiatrist, a psychiatric nurse, and an occupational therapist. A multidisciplinary case conference was conducted to discuss clinical observations, diagnosis, issues of concern, and the optimal individualised treatment plan. Low-intensity interventions by nurses and/or occupational therapists were provided, as were optional, time-limited, protocol-based interventions by clinical psychologists for those with mild to moderate depressive and anxiety symptoms. Pharmacological intervention may be used when indicated. Upon completion of the treatment plan, patients were reassessed by the treating psychiatrist. Discharge options included discharge without psychiatric follow-up, step-up to psychiatric outpatient clinics, and step-down services. The self-administered Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) were used to assess the past 2 weeks' depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively, at baseline and at each session. RESULTS From July 2015 to February 2016, 1325 Chinese patients received the new service. Of them, 170 men and 363 women (mean age, 52.6 years) completed the treatment plan. After treatment, their mean PHQ-9 score decreased from 11.06 to 7.55 (p < 0.001), and the mean GAD-7 score decreased from 9.94 to 6.54 (p < 0.001). After treatment, 42.4% and 48.2% of the patients were within the normal range of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores, respectively, compared with 16.9% and 20.8% before treatment. The mean time to implementation of the individualised treatment plan was 82.33 days. Of the patients, 54.4% were discharged without any need for medical or psychiatric follow-up; 28% were stepped up to psychiatric outpatient clinics; and 17.3% were stepped down. The predictors of exit status were whether psychiatric medication was prescribed during initial intake (p = 0.011), whether psychiatric medication was prescribed at last follow-up (p < 0.001), the service period (p = 0.010), and the GAD-7 final score (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS The first 8-month outcome of the new service model was encouraging, with shortened waiting time, reduced severity of symptoms, and better exit status (high recovery and step-down rates).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W K Lee
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - A Lo
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - G Chong
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - V Lu
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P L I Yip
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C M K Liu
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M Leung
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C M Chung
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K Y Wong
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - S M A Chan
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Y S Ngai
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P S Wong
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T L Lo
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lin YS, Chen YL, Chen TH, Lin MS, Liu CH, Yang TY, Chung CM, Chen MC. Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation or Atrial Flutter Stratified by CHA2DS2-VASc Score. JAMA Netw Open 2018; 1:e180941. [PMID: 30646091 PMCID: PMC6324304 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.0941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Current guidelines support treating atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL) as equivalent risk factors for ischemic stroke stratified by CHA2DS2-VASc scores, recommending anticoagulation therapy for patients with a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 2 or higher, but some studies found differences in clinical outcomes. Objective To investigate differences in clinical outcomes among AF, AFL, and matched control cohorts. Design, Setting, and Participants This nationwide cohort study analyzed data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from January 1, 2001, through December 31, 2012. Follow-up and data analysis ended December 31, 2012. A total of 219 416 age- and sex-matched individuals participated in the study. Clinical outcomes were compared after stratification by CHA2DS2-VASc score (possible score range, 0-9; higher scores indicate greater risk of ischemic stroke). Main Outcomes and Measures Ischemic stroke, heart failure hospitalization, and all-cause mortality among the AF, AFL, and matched control cohorts were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results This study comprised 188 811 patients in the AF cohort (mean [SD] age, 73.8 [13.4] years; 104 703 [55.5%] male), 6121 patients in the AFL cohort (mean [SD] age, 67.7 [15.8] years; 3735 [61.0%] male), and 24 484 patients in the matched control cohort (mean [SD] age, 67.3 [15.6] years; 14 940 [61.0%] male). The patients with AF were older, were more predominantly female, and had higher CHA2DS2-VASc scores than the patients with AFL and the control participants. After stratification by CHA2DS2-VASc score, the incidence densities (IDs; events per 100 person-years) of ischemic stroke (AF cohort: ID, 3.08; 95% CI, 3.03-3.13; AFL cohort: ID, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.28-1.62; controls: ID, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.92-1.03), heart failure hospitalization (AF cohort: ID, 3.39; 95% CI, 3.34-3.44; AFL cohort: ID, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.39-1.74; controls: ID, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.29-0.35), and all-cause mortality (AF cohort: ID, 17.8; 95% CI, 17.7-17.9; AFL cohort: ID, 13.9; 95% CI, 13.4-14.4; controls: ID, 4.2; 95% CI, 4.1-4.4) were significantly higher in the AF cohort than in the matched control cohort. For the AFL cohort vs the matched control cohort, the incidences of heart failure hospitalization and all-cause mortality were significantly higher across all levels, but the incidence of ischemic stroke was only significantly higher at CHA2DS2-VASc scores of 5 to 9. For the AF cohort vs the AFL cohort, the incidences of ischemic stroke and heart failure hospitalization were significantly higher at a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 1 or higher, but the incidence of all-cause mortality was significantly higher only at CHA2DS2-VASc scores of 1 to 3. Conclusions and Relevance This study found different clinical outcomes between patients with AFL and AF and those without AF and AFL. The current recommended level of the CHA2DS2-VASc score in preventing ischemic stroke in patients with AFL should be reevaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Lung Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Hsing Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shyan Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hung Liu
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Teng-Yao Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ming Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Cheng Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chung CM, van Zijl M, Keelan JA, Mol BW. Progesterone to prevent preterm birth: the studies are getting better, but there is still room for improvement. BJOG 2017; 124:1016. [PMID: 28319314 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C M Chung
- Women's and Children's Division, Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, South Australian Health, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - M van Zijl
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J A Keelan
- Discipline of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, King Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - B W Mol
- The Robinson Research Institute - School of Medicine, The South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu CH, Chen TH, Lin MS, Hung MJ, Chung CM, Cherng WJ, Lee TH, Lin YS. Ezetimibe-Simvastatin Therapy Reduce Recurrent Ischemic Stroke Risks in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101:2994-3001. [PMID: 27270238 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-1831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Statin is the main lipid-lowering therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Recent evidence suggested the cardiovascular protective effects of ezetimibe-simvastatin in acute coronary syndrome patients. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of ezetimibe-simvastatin combination therapy on stroke prevention among diabetic stroke patients. Design, Setting, Participants, and Outcome Measures: This is a retrospective cohort study. Between March 1, 2009 and December 31, 2011, all patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database were screened. Those admitted for ischemic stroke (IS) were recruited and divided into 10-mg ezetimibe-20-mg simvastatin (EZ-SIM), 40-mg atorvastatin (ATOR), and 20-mg simvastatin (SIM) groups for further analyses. The primary outcomes were IS, myocardial infarction, and death from any cause. Patients were followed from index hospitalization to the date of death, loss of follow-up, or study termination. RESULTS During the 34-month follow-up period, the risk of recurrent IS in the SIM group was higher than that of the ATOR (hazard ratio [HR], 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46-2.82) and EZ-SIM (HR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.14-2.50) groups. The risk of recurrent IS was not significantly lower in the EZ-SIM compared with the ATOR group (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.85-1.69). The incidence of composite endpoint was highest in the SIM group (28.2%), followed by the ATOR (16.1%) and EZ-SIM (15.4%) groups. The multivariate adjusted survival curve showed lower trends of recurrent IS in the EZ-SIM and ATOR groups compared with the SIM group. CONCLUSIONS High-potency lipid-lowering therapy effectively reduces the risk of recurrent IS in diabetic patients regardless of ATOR or EZ-SIM combination therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hung Liu
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology (C.-H.L., T.-H.L.), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (T.-H.C., M.-J.H., W.-J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (M.-S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan 61363; and Department of Medicine (C.-M.C., Y.-S.L.), College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 61363
| | - Tien-Hsing Chen
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology (C.-H.L., T.-H.L.), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (T.-H.C., M.-J.H., W.-J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (M.-S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan 61363; and Department of Medicine (C.-M.C., Y.-S.L.), College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 61363
| | - Ming-Shyan Lin
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology (C.-H.L., T.-H.L.), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (T.-H.C., M.-J.H., W.-J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (M.-S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan 61363; and Department of Medicine (C.-M.C., Y.-S.L.), College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 61363
| | - Ming-Jui Hung
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology (C.-H.L., T.-H.L.), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (T.-H.C., M.-J.H., W.-J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (M.-S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan 61363; and Department of Medicine (C.-M.C., Y.-S.L.), College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 61363
| | - Chang-Ming Chung
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology (C.-H.L., T.-H.L.), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (T.-H.C., M.-J.H., W.-J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (M.-S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan 61363; and Department of Medicine (C.-M.C., Y.-S.L.), College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 61363
| | - Wen-Jin Cherng
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology (C.-H.L., T.-H.L.), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (T.-H.C., M.-J.H., W.-J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (M.-S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan 61363; and Department of Medicine (C.-M.C., Y.-S.L.), College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 61363
| | - Tsong-Hai Lee
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology (C.-H.L., T.-H.L.), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (T.-H.C., M.-J.H., W.-J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (M.-S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan 61363; and Department of Medicine (C.-M.C., Y.-S.L.), College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 61363
| | - Yu-Sheng Lin
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology (C.-H.L., T.-H.L.), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (T.-H.C., M.-J.H., W.-J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (M.-S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan 61363; and Department of Medicine (C.-M.C., Y.-S.L.), College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 61363
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu CH, Chen TH, Lin MS, Hung MJ, Chung CM, Cherng WJ, Lee TH, Lin YS. Ezetimibe-Simvastatin Therapy Reduce Recurrent Ischemic Stroke Risks in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016. [PMID: 27270238 DOI: 10.1210/jc2016-1831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Statin is the main lipid-lowering therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Recent evidence suggested the cardiovascular protective effects of ezetimibe-simvastatin in acute coronary syndrome patients. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of ezetimibe-simvastatin combination therapy on stroke prevention among diabetic stroke patients. Design, Setting, Participants, and Outcome Measures: This is a retrospective cohort study. Between March 1, 2009 and December 31, 2011, all patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database were screened. Those admitted for ischemic stroke (IS) were recruited and divided into 10-mg ezetimibe-20-mg simvastatin (EZ-SIM), 40-mg atorvastatin (ATOR), and 20-mg simvastatin (SIM) groups for further analyses. The primary outcomes were IS, myocardial infarction, and death from any cause. Patients were followed from index hospitalization to the date of death, loss of follow-up, or study termination. RESULTS During the 34-month follow-up period, the risk of recurrent IS in the SIM group was higher than that of the ATOR (hazard ratio [HR], 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46-2.82) and EZ-SIM (HR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.14-2.50) groups. The risk of recurrent IS was not significantly lower in the EZ-SIM compared with the ATOR group (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.85-1.69). The incidence of composite endpoint was highest in the SIM group (28.2%), followed by the ATOR (16.1%) and EZ-SIM (15.4%) groups. The multivariate adjusted survival curve showed lower trends of recurrent IS in the EZ-SIM and ATOR groups compared with the SIM group. CONCLUSIONS High-potency lipid-lowering therapy effectively reduces the risk of recurrent IS in diabetic patients regardless of ATOR or EZ-SIM combination therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hung Liu
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology (C.-H.L., T.-H.L.), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (T.-H.C., M.-J.H., W.-J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (M.-S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan 61363; and Department of Medicine (C.-M.C., Y.-S.L.), College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 61363
| | - Tien-Hsing Chen
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology (C.-H.L., T.-H.L.), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (T.-H.C., M.-J.H., W.-J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (M.-S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan 61363; and Department of Medicine (C.-M.C., Y.-S.L.), College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 61363
| | - Ming-Shyan Lin
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology (C.-H.L., T.-H.L.), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (T.-H.C., M.-J.H., W.-J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (M.-S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan 61363; and Department of Medicine (C.-M.C., Y.-S.L.), College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 61363
| | - Ming-Jui Hung
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology (C.-H.L., T.-H.L.), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (T.-H.C., M.-J.H., W.-J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (M.-S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan 61363; and Department of Medicine (C.-M.C., Y.-S.L.), College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 61363
| | - Chang-Ming Chung
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology (C.-H.L., T.-H.L.), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (T.-H.C., M.-J.H., W.-J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (M.-S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan 61363; and Department of Medicine (C.-M.C., Y.-S.L.), College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 61363
| | - Wen-Jin Cherng
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology (C.-H.L., T.-H.L.), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (T.-H.C., M.-J.H., W.-J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (M.-S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan 61363; and Department of Medicine (C.-M.C., Y.-S.L.), College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 61363
| | - Tsong-Hai Lee
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology (C.-H.L., T.-H.L.), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (T.-H.C., M.-J.H., W.-J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (M.-S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan 61363; and Department of Medicine (C.-M.C., Y.-S.L.), College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 61363
| | - Yu-Sheng Lin
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology (C.-H.L., T.-H.L.), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (T.-H.C., M.-J.H., W.-J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan 61363; Division of Cardiology (M.-S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan 61363; and Department of Medicine (C.-M.C., Y.-S.L.), College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan 61363
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lin MS, Lin HS, Chung CM, Lin YS, Chen MY, Chen PH, Hu JH, Chou WN, Huang JC, Huang TJ. Serum aminotransferase ratio is independently correlated with hepatosteatosis in patients with HCV: a cross-sectional observational study. BMJ Open 2015; 5:e008797. [PMID: 26369802 PMCID: PMC4577874 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is significant in hepatitis C virus (HCV) carriers due to multiple mechanisms, and this worsens the progression of chronic liver diseases, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and death. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase (ALT/AST) ratio correlates with the status of hepatosteatosis. DESIGN A cross-sectional observational study. SETTING Community-based annual examination in northern Taiwan. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1354 participants (age 20 years or over) were enrolled after excluding participants with HCV seronegative, laboratory or questionnaires loss, moderate alcohol consumption, liver cirrhosis, tumours and postlobectomy. OUTCOME MEASURES Fatty liver was diagnosed according to echogenic findings. NAFLD included grades 1-3 fatty liver and high-degree NAFLD defined grades 2-3 fatty liver. RESULTS 580 males and 774 females with a mean age of 47.2 (SD=16.1) years were cross-sectionally studied. The participants with NAFLD have significantly higher levels of ALT/AST ratio, fasting glucose, triglyceride and systolic/diastolic blood pressure than non-NAFLD participants. The association between NAFLD and ALT/AST was significant even when adjusting for the metabolic syndrome (aOR 1.90; 95% CI 1.37 to 2.65; p<0.001). In patients with a high degree of NAFLD, the ALT/AST ratio was still a significant predictor for hepatosteatosis (aOR 2.44; 95% CI 1.58 to 3.77; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The ALT/AST ratio could be a strong risk of hepatosteatosis in patients with chronic HCV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shyan Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Shen Lin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ming Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yen Chen
- School of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Po-Han Chen
- Division of Orthopedic, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Hong Hu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Nan Chou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Chu Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Jung Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lin YS, Hung SP, Chen PR, Yang CH, Wo HT, Chang PC, Wang CC, Chou CC, Wen MS, Chung CM, Chen TH. Risk factors influencing complications of cardiac implantable electronic device implantation: infection, pneumothorax and heart perforation: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2014; 93:e213. [PMID: 25501080 PMCID: PMC4602772 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000000213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
As the number of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) is increasing annually, CIED-related complications are becoming increasingly important. The aim of the study was to assess the risks associated with CIEDs by a nationwide database. Patients were selected from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database. Admissions for CIED implantation, replacement, and revision were evaluated and the evaluation period was 14 years. Endpoints included CIED-related infection, pneumothorax, and heart perforation. The study included 40,608 patients with a mean age of 71.8 ± 13.3 years. Regarding infection, the incidence rate was 2.45 per 1000 CIED-years. Male gender, younger age, device replacement, and previous infection were risks for infection while old age and high-volume centers (>200 per year) were protectors. The incidence of pneumothorax was 0.6%, with an increased risk in individuals who had chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) and cardiac resynchronized therapy (CRT). The incidence of heart perforation was 0.09%, with an increased risk in individuals who had pre-operation temporal pacing and steroid use. High-volume center was found to decrease infection rate while male gender, young people, and individuals who underwent replacements were associated with an increased risk of infection. Additionally, pre-operation temporal pacing and steroid use should be avoided if possible. Furthermore, COPD patients or those who accept CRTs should be monitored closely.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Lin
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan (YSL, CMC); Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan (SPH, PRC); Division of Cardiology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan (CHY, HTW, PCC, CCW, CCC, MSW, THC); Department of Cardiology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Xiamen, China (THC); and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University (YSL)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yang TY, Ko YS, Weng HH, Chang ST, Chung CM, Cheng HW. Sonography characteristics of the intra-graft thrombus: association with procedure success and procedure time of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for thrombosed prosthetic dialysis graft. Ultrasound Med Biol 2012; 38:545-550. [PMID: 22390988 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for thrombosed dialysis graft is both difficult and time-consuming that may increase radiation exposure. A predictor of PTA success and procedure time has not been identified yet. Sonography data and the PTA results of 88 grafts were reviewed retrospectively. The echogenicity of the majority of the intra-graft thrombus and the presence/absence of thrombus free space in the grafts were examined. The association between the sonography findings and PTA procedure success and procedure time was analyzed. The echogenicity of the intra-graft thrombus and presence/absence of thrombus free space were the major determinants of procedure success and procedure time. Higher intra-graft echogenicity and lack of thrombus free space were associated with more procedure failures (p < 0.01 vs. p = 0.04) and longer procedure times (p = 0.03 vs. p < 0.01). Thrombi from occluded dialysis grafts may differ in resistance to mechanical/pharmacological thrombolysis. Sonography characteristics of the intra-graft thrombus may help to differentiate them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Yao Yang
- Cardiovascular Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chung CM, Cho KW, Hong SW, Kim YJ, Chung TH. Feasibility of electroflotation to separate solids and liquid in an activated sludge process. Environ Technol 2009; 30:1565-1573. [PMID: 20184001 DOI: 10.1080/09593330903313802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, electroflotation (EF) has been applied as a secondary clarification in the activated sludge process to improve the efficiency of the solids-liquid separation, which is essential in maintaining effluent quality. The effects of sludge settleability were examined through a series of batch and semi-continuous experiments. The results of the batch experiments revealed that thickening efficiencies using EF were 2.6 to 9.2 times higher than those with gravity settling (GS). In addition, clarification efficiencies were not significantly influenced by sludge settling properties, as compared with GS as a control. In the semi-continuous EF experiments, the concentrations of solids in the float layer were maintained above 10 g L(-1) during flotation, regardless of variations in sludge settleability. Furthermore, the volumetric gas proportion in the float layer increased as the gas to solids (G/S) ratio rose. This allowed the float layer to be more stably suspended against gravity at the top of the reactor. Based on the results obtained from these batch and semi-continuous experiments, an anoxic/oxic (AO) reactor combined with EF clarifier remained in successful continuous operation for four months. In comparison with conventional AO processes using a GS clarifier, enhanced clarification and thickening efficiencies were achieved through the EF-AO system. In addition, higher mixed liquor suspended solids concentrations (averaging 5300 mg L(-1)) in the bioreactor (EF-AO) were maintained via the return of highly concentrated sludge (averaging 16,400 mg L(-1)) from the EF clarifier. These findings suggest that EF could be a promising and effective alternative for the solids-liquid separation of poorly settling sludge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Chung
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chung CM, Man C, Jin Y, Jin C, Guan XY, Wang Q, Wan TSK, Cheung ALM, Tsao SW. Amplification and overexpression of aurora kinase A (AURKA) in immortalized human ovarian epithelial (HOSE) cells. Mol Carcinog 2005; 43:165-74. [PMID: 15880741 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Immortalization is an early and essential step of human carcinogenesis. Amplification of chromosome 20q has been shown to be a common event in immortalized cells and cancers. We have previously reported that gain and amplification of chromosome 20q is a non-random and common event in immortalized human ovarian surface epithelial (HOSE) cells. The chromosome 20q harbors genes including TGIF2 (20q11.2-q12), AIB1 (20q12), PTPN1 (20q13.1), ZNF217 (20q13.2), and AURKA (20q13.2-q13.3), which were previously reported to be amplified and overexpressed in ovarian cancers. Some of these genes may be involved in immortalization of HOSE cells and represent crucial premalignant changes in ovarian surface epithelium. Investigation of the involvement of these genes was examined in four pairs of pre-crisis (preimmortalized) and post-crisis (immortalized) HOSE cells. Overexpression of AURKA (Aurora kinase A), also known as BTAK and STK15, by both real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-QPCR) and Western blotting was detected in all the four immortalized HOSE cells examined while overexpression of AIB1 and ZNF217 was observed in two of four immortalized HOSE cells examined. Overexpression of TGIF2 and PTPN1 was not significant in our immortalized HOSE cell systems. The degree of overexpression of AURKA was shown to be closely associated with the amplification of chromosome 20q in immortalized HOSE cells. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with labeled P1 artificial clone (PAC) confirmed the amplification of the chromosomal region (20q13.2-13.3) where AURKA resides. DNA amplification of AURKA was also confirmed using semi-quantitative PCR. Our study showed that amplification and overexpression of AURKA is a common and significant event during immortalization of HOSE cells and may represent an important premalignant change in ovarian carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Chung
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yang TY, Chang ST, Chung CM, Cheng NJ. Restoration of Normal Coronary Flow With Tirofiban by Intracoronary Administration for No-reflow Phenomenon After Stent Deployment. Int Heart J 2005; 46:139-45. [PMID: 15858946 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.46.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
No-reflow phenomenon is frequently observed during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndrome. It may jeopardize hemodynamic status or result in ischemic chest pain in these patients. Currently, there is no adequate solution for this problem. We report our experience with an acute coronary syndrome patient who developed no-reflow phenomenon associated with ST segment elevation and shock after percuteneous coronary balloon dilatation and stent deployment. Intracoronary administration of tirofiban immediately restored the coronary flow of the target vessel, and the disastrous condition reversed. Our experience suggests that intracoronary administration of tirofiban can be considered as an option in case of no-reflow phenomenon during percutaneous coronary intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Yao Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Transthyretin (TTR) is a plasma protein that transports thyroid hormone and retinol binding protein-vitamin A complex. Eighty-four variants of TTR have been identified and seventy-four are associated with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy. Normal TTR is the major protein found in the fibrillar deposits in the heart at time of autopsy of individuals with senile systemic amyloidosis. The mechanism by which normally soluble TTR deposits as organ-damaging, insoluble, pathological fibrils late in life is unknown. Understanding the mechanism of fibrillogenesis of normal TTR is critical to the design of clinical treatments aimed at retardation, prevention, or reversal of fibril deposition. We have employed a biophysical approach to explore the hypothesis that an instability in a particular secondary or tertiary structure plays a role in the ability of normal TTR to form fibrils at physiological pH. Using far UV circular dichroic (CD) spectroscopy as a function of temperature we have identified simultaneous, cooperative, reversible structural changes in the beta-sheet and alpha-helical regions. The flexible short, surface-located loops undergo an irreversible conformational change at a lower temperature. Spectra before and after heating are different, particularly in the wavelength region associated with these loops, strongly suggesting that the major portion of TTR returns to its initial conformation while the loops do not. Near UV CD reveals partially reversible and irreversible changes in tertiary structure. Using calorimetry to directly measure the enthalpy associated with these changes, two peaks are observed, with further analysis suggesting conformational intermediates. Precipitates from heated samples reveal pre-fibrillar morphology by negative stain electron microscopy. These biophysical studies suggest that heat-induced conformational rearrangements enable normal TTR to assemble into pre-fibrils at physiological pH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Chung
- Department of Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, and Boston Medical Center, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chung CM, Chu PH, Chen JS, Hsueh C, Chiang CW. Primary pericardial mesothelioma with cardiac tamponade and distant metastasis: case report. Changgeng Yi Xue Za Zhi 1998; 21:498-502. [PMID: 10074741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Although cardiac tamponade is a well-known complication of malignancy, it is uncommon as the initial manifestation. The antemortem diagnosis is difficult and distant metastasis is extremely rare. The presentations of primary pericardial mesothelioma are nonspecific. Pathologically, mesothelioma is the most common in primary tumors of the pericardium. Radical surgery can be used to treat a localized mesothelioma. However, the therapy for advanced primary pericardial mesothelioma is usually palliative because it is resistant to irradiation, and chemotherapy does not markedly improve the outcome. The prognosis is uniformly poor. The median survival from the onset of symptoms is 6 months. We present a 67-year-old woman with cardiac tamponade 4 months prior to a definitive diagnosis of primary pericardial mesothelioma. A computed tomogram confirmed multiple well-enhanced nodules in the pericardium, lungs and liver. Unfortunately, the patient died of multiple organ failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chung CM, Li NH. Peripheral intravenous alimentation of preterm infants. Mod Med Asia 1978; 14:59-63. [PMID: 108531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
21
|
Chung CM. CPAP in infants with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome. Mod Med Asia 1978; 14:26-30. [PMID: 351370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
22
|
|