1
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Atia-Tul-Noor, Kumar S, Schirmel N, Erk B, Manschwetus B, Alisaukas S, Braune M, Cirmi G, Czwalinna MK, Frühling U, Grosse-Wortmann U, Kschuev N, Kuschewski F, Lang T, Lindenblatt H, Litvinyuk I, Meister S, Moshammer R, Papadopoulou CC, Passow C, Roensch-Schulenburg J, Trost F, Hartl I, Düsterer S, Schulz S. Sub-50 fs temporal resolution in an FEL-optical laser pump-probe experiment at FLASH2. Opt Express 2024; 32:6597-6608. [PMID: 38439359 DOI: 10.1364/oe.513714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
High temporal resolution is essential for ultra-fast pump-probe experiments. Arrival time jitter and drift measurements, as well as their control, become critical especially when combining XUV or X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) with optical lasers due to the large scale of such facilities and their distinct pulse generation processes. This paper presents the application of a laser pulse arrival time monitor that actively corrects the arrival time of an optical laser relative to the FEL's main optical clock. Combined with post-analysis single pulse jitter correction this new approach improves the temporal resolution for pump-probe experiments significantly. Benchmark measurements on photo-ionization of xenon atoms performed at FLASH beamline FL26, demonstrate a sub-50 fs FWHM overall temporal resolution.
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2
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Magunia A, Rebholz M, Appi E, Papadopoulou CC, Lindenblatt H, Trost F, Meister S, Ding T, Straub M, Borisova GD, Lee J, Jin R, von der Dellen A, Kaiser C, Braune M, Düsterer S, Ališauskas S, Lang T, Heyl C, Manschwetus B, Grunewald S, Frühling U, Tajalli A, Wahid AB, Silletti L, Calegari F, Mosel P, Morgner U, Kovacev M, Thumm U, Hartl I, Treusch R, Moshammer R, Ott C, Pfeifer T. Time-resolving state-specific molecular dissociation with XUV broadband absorption spectroscopy. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadk1482. [PMID: 37992169 PMCID: PMC10664994 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk1482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The electronic and nuclear dynamics inside molecules are essential for chemical reactions, where different pathways typically unfold on ultrafast timescales. Extreme ultraviolet (XUV) light pulses generated by free-electron lasers (FELs) allow atomic-site and electronic-state selectivity, triggering specific molecular dynamics while providing femtosecond resolution. Yet, time-resolved experiments are either blind to neutral fragments or limited by the spectral bandwidth of FEL pulses. Here, we combine a broadband XUV probe pulse from high-order harmonic generation with an FEL pump pulse to observe dissociation pathways leading to fragments in different quantum states. We temporally resolve the dissociation of a specific O2+ state into two competing channels by measuring the resonances of ionic and neutral fragments. This scheme can be applied to investigate convoluted dynamics in larger molecules relevant to diverse science fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Magunia
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Grabengasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Rebholz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisa Appi
- Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Hannes Lindenblatt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Grabengasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Trost
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Grabengasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Severin Meister
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Grabengasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Ding
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Straub
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Grabengasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gergana D Borisova
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Grabengasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Junhee Lee
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Grabengasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rui Jin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Christian Kaiser
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Braune
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Düsterer
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Tino Lang
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Heyl
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Bastian Manschwetus
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sören Grunewald
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Frühling
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ayhan Tajalli
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ammar Bin Wahid
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laura Silletti
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Francesca Calegari
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Physics Department, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philip Mosel
- Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Uwe Morgner
- Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Milutin Kovacev
- Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Uwe Thumm
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506,USA
| | - Ingmar Hartl
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rolf Treusch
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert Moshammer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Ott
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Pfeifer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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3
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Gabalski I, Allum F, Seidu I, Britton M, Brenner G, Bromberger H, Brouard M, Bucksbaum PH, Burt M, Cryan JP, Driver T, Ekanayake N, Erk B, Garg D, Gougoula E, Heathcote D, Hockett P, Holland DMP, Howard AJ, Kumar S, Lee JWL, Li S, McManus J, Mikosch J, Milesevic D, Minns RS, Neville S, Atia-Tul-Noor, Papadopoulou CC, Passow C, Razmus WO, Röder A, Rouzée A, Simao A, Unwin J, Vallance C, Walmsley T, Wang J, Rolles D, Stolow A, Schuurman MS, Forbes R. Time-Resolved X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Ultrafast Dynamics in CS 2 Probed at the S 2p Edge. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:7126-7133. [PMID: 37534743 PMCID: PMC10431593 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in X-ray free-electron lasers have enabled a novel site-selective probe of coupled nuclear and electronic dynamics in photoexcited molecules, time-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (TRXPS). We present results from a joint experimental and theoretical TRXPS study of the well-characterized ultraviolet photodissociation of CS2, a prototypical system for understanding non-adiabatic dynamics. These results demonstrate that the sulfur 2p binding energy is sensitive to changes in the nuclear structure following photoexcitation, which ultimately leads to dissociation into CS and S photoproducts. We are able to assign the main X-ray spectroscopic features to the CS and S products via comparison to a first-principles determination of the TRXPS based on ab initio multiple-spawning simulations. Our results demonstrate the use of TRXPS as a local probe of complex ultrafast photodissociation dynamics involving multimodal vibrational coupling, nonradiative transitions between electronic states, and multiple final product channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Gabalski
- Stanford
PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory, Menlo
Park, California 94025, United States
- Department
of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Felix Allum
- Stanford
PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory, Menlo
Park, California 94025, United States
- Linac
Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory, Menlo
Park, California 94025, United States
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Issaka Seidu
- National
Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Mathew Britton
- Stanford
PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory, Menlo
Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Günter Brenner
- Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Mark Brouard
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Philip H. Bucksbaum
- Stanford
PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory, Menlo
Park, California 94025, United States
- Department
of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department
of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Michael Burt
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - James P. Cryan
- Stanford
PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory, Menlo
Park, California 94025, United States
- Linac
Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory, Menlo
Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Taran Driver
- Stanford
PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory, Menlo
Park, California 94025, United States
- Linac
Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory, Menlo
Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Nagitha Ekanayake
- Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Erk
- Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Diksha Garg
- Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva Gougoula
- Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - David Heathcote
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Paul Hockett
- National
Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | | | - Andrew J. Howard
- Stanford
PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory, Menlo
Park, California 94025, United States
- Department
of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Sonu Kumar
- Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jason W. L. Lee
- Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Siqi Li
- Linac
Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory, Menlo
Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Joseph McManus
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Jochen Mikosch
- Institut
für Physik, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Dennis Milesevic
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Russell S. Minns
- School
of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K.
| | - Simon Neville
- National
Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Atia-Tul-Noor
- Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Christopher Passow
- Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Weronika O. Razmus
- School
of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K.
| | - Anja Röder
- Max-Born-Institute, Max-Born-Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arnaud Rouzée
- Max-Born-Institute, Max-Born-Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alcides Simao
- Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - James Unwin
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Claire Vallance
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Tiffany Walmsley
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Jun Wang
- Stanford
PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory, Menlo
Park, California 94025, United States
- Department
of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Daniel Rolles
- J.
R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Albert Stolow
- National
Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
- Department
of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
- NRC-uOttawa Joint Centre
for Extreme Photonics, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Michael S. Schuurman
- National
Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Ruaridh Forbes
- Linac
Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory, Menlo
Park, California 94025, United States
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4
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Hoeing D, Salzwedel R, Worbs L, Zhuang Y, Samanta AK, Lübke J, Estillore AD, Dlugolecki K, Passow C, Erk B, Ekanayake N, Ramm D, Correa J, Papadopoulou CC, Noor AT, Schulz F, Selig M, Knorr A, Ayyer K, Küpper J, Lange H. Time-Resolved Single-Particle X-ray Scattering Reveals Electron-Density Gradients As Coherent Plasmonic-Nanoparticle-Oscillation Source. Nano Lett 2023. [PMID: 37350548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Dynamics of optically excited plasmonic nanoparticles are presently understood as a series of scattering events involving the initiation of nanoparticle breathing oscillations. According to established models, these are caused by statistical heat transfer from thermalized electrons to the lattice. An additional contribution by hot-electron pressure accounts for phase mismatches between theory and experimental observations. However, direct experimental studies resolving the breathing-oscillation excitation are still missing. We used optical transient-absorption spectroscopy and time-resolved single-particle X-ray diffractive imaging to access the electron system and lattice. The time-resolved single-particle imaging data provided structural information directly on the onset of the breathing oscillation and confirmed the need for an additional excitation mechanism for thermal expansion. We developed a new model that reproduces all of our experimental observations. We identified optically induced electron density gradients as the initial driving source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Hoeing
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 20146, Germany
| | - Robert Salzwedel
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Lena Worbs
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Yulong Zhuang
- Max Planck Institut for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Amit K Samanta
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Jannik Lübke
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Armando D Estillore
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Karol Dlugolecki
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | | | - Benjamin Erk
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Ramm
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Jonathan Correa
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | | | - Atia Tul Noor
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Florian Schulz
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Malte Selig
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Andreas Knorr
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Kartik Ayyer
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Max Planck Institut for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Jochen Küpper
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 20146, Germany
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Holger Lange
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 20146, Germany
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5
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Appi E, Papadopoulou CC, Mapa JL, Jusko C, Mosel P, Schoenberg A, Stock J, Feigl T, Ališauskas S, Lang T, Heyl CM, Manschwetus B, Brachmanski M, Braune M, Lindenblatt H, Trost F, Meister S, Schoch P, Trabattoni A, Calegari F, Treusch R, Moshammer R, Hartl I, Morgner U, Kovacev M. Synchronized beamline at FLASH2 based on high-order harmonic generation for two-color dynamics studies. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:123004. [PMID: 34972439 DOI: 10.1063/5.0063225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present the design, integration, and operation of the novel vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) beamline installed at the free-electron laser (FEL) FLASH. The VUV source is based on high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in gas and is driven by an optical laser system synchronized with the timing structure of the FEL. Ultrashort pulses in the spectral range from 10 to 40 eV are coupled with the FEL in the beamline FL26, which features a reaction microscope (REMI) permanent endstation for time-resolved studies of ultrafast dynamics in atomic and molecular targets. The connection of the high-pressure gas HHG source to the ultra-high vacuum FEL beamline requires a compact and reliable system, able to encounter the challenging vacuum requirements and coupling conditions. First commissioning results show the successful operation of the beamline, reaching a VUV focused beam size of about 20 µm at the REMI endstation. Proof-of-principle photo-electron momentum measurements in argon indicate the source capabilities for future two-color pump-probe experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Appi
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | | | - J L Mapa
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - C Jusko
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - P Mosel
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | | | - J Stock
- Carl Zeiss AG, Oberkochen 73446, Germany
| | - T Feigl
- optiX fab GmbH, Jena 07745, Germany
| | | | - T Lang
- DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - H Lindenblatt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - F Trost
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - S Meister
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - P Schoch
- Institut für Umweltphysik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A Trabattoni
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - F Calegari
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | | | - R Moshammer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - I Hartl
- DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - U Morgner
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - M Kovacev
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover 30167, Germany
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6
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Appi E, Papadopoulou CC, Mapa JL, Wesavkar N, Jusko C, Mosel P, Ališauskas S, Lang T, Heyl CM, Manschwetus B, Brachmanski M, Braune M, Lindenblatt H, Trost F, Meister S, Schoch P, Treusch R, Moshammer R, Hartl I, Morgner U, Kovacev M. A synchronized VUV light source based on high-order harmonic generation at FLASH. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6867. [PMID: 32322051 PMCID: PMC7176647 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrafast measurements in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) spectral region targeting femtosecond timescales rely until today on two complementary XUV laser sources: free electron lasers (FELs) and high-harmonic generation (HHG) based sources. The combination of these two source types was until recently not realized. The complementary properties of both sources including broad bandwidth, high pulse energy, narrowband tunability and femtosecond timing, open new opportunities for two-color pump-probe studies. Here we show first results from the commissioning of a high-harmonic beamline that is fully synchronized with the free-electron laser FLASH, installed at beamline FL26 with permanent end-station including a reaction microscope (REMI). An optical parametric amplifier synchronized with the FEL burst mode drives the HHG process. First commissioning tests including electron momentum measurements using REMI, demonstrate long-term stability of the HHG source over more than 14 hours. This realization of the combination of these light sources will open new opportunities for time-resolved studies targeting different science cases including core-level ionization dynamics or the electron dynamics during the transformation of a molecule within a chemical reaction probed on femtosecond timescales in the ultraviolet to soft X-ray spectral region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Appi
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, 30167, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering - Innovation AcrossDisciplines), Hannover, 30167, Germany
| | | | - Jose Louise Mapa
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, 30167, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering - Innovation AcrossDisciplines), Hannover, 30167, Germany
| | - Nishad Wesavkar
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, 30167, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering - Innovation AcrossDisciplines), Hannover, 30167, Germany
| | - Christoph Jusko
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, 30167, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering - Innovation AcrossDisciplines), Hannover, 30167, Germany.,EXC 2123/1 QuantumFrontiers, Hannover, 30167, Germany
| | - Philip Mosel
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, 30167, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering - Innovation AcrossDisciplines), Hannover, 30167, Germany.,EXC 2123/1 QuantumFrontiers, Hannover, 30167, Germany
| | | | | | - Christoph M Heyl
- DESY, Hamburg, 22607, Germany.,Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Florian Trost
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, 69117, Germany
| | - Severin Meister
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, 69117, Germany
| | - Patrizia Schoch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, 69117, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Uwe Morgner
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, 30167, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering - Innovation AcrossDisciplines), Hannover, 30167, Germany.,EXC 2123/1 QuantumFrontiers, Hannover, 30167, Germany
| | - Milutin Kovacev
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, 30167, Germany. .,Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering - Innovation AcrossDisciplines), Hannover, 30167, Germany. .,EXC 2123/1 QuantumFrontiers, Hannover, 30167, Germany.
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Papadopoulou CC, Kaziannis S, Kosmidis C. On the Dynamics of Xylene Isomers Excited in the Vacuum-Ultraviolet (VUV) Region. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:2415-23. [PMID: 27128655 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report on the dynamics of electronically excited o-, m-, and p-xylene on the femtosecond timescale by employing the vacuum-ultraviolet pump-IR probe mass spectrometry technique. The molecules were excited by the fifth harmonic (λ=160 nm) of a Ti:sapphire laser at a superposition of the S3 valence with several Rydberg states. The relaxation pathways were investigated by studying the parent P(+) and the fragment [P-H](+) and [P-CH3 ](+) time-resolved signals generated after interaction with the fundamental beam (λ=800 nm). Relaxation from the excited valence states was found to depend on the relative positions of the methyl groups on the ring. An increasing trend in the order o<m<p was observed for the lifetime of S3 , whereas that of the second valence state S2 presented the opposite trend. Conclusions on the possible deformations and vibrations induced during the relaxation process were drawn: ring deformation involving methyl motion takes place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina C Papadopoulou
- Department of Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics Laboratory, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, GR-45110, Greece
| | - Spiridon Kaziannis
- Department of Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics Laboratory, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, GR-45110, Greece
| | - Constantine Kosmidis
- Department of Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics Laboratory, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, GR-45110, Greece.
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Abstract
Investigation of the dynamics of toluene-h8 (C6H5CH3), toluene-d8 (C6D5CD3) and toluene-α,α,α-d3 (C6H5CD3) has been performed utilizing the VUV pump-IR probe technique on the fs timescale. Using the 5th harmonic (∼160 nm) of a Ti:sapphire laser as the pump beam, two superimposed electronic states, the valence S3 and the Rydberg 4p, were excited by one-photon absorption, followed by ionization and dissociation induced by the probe beam (800 nm). Analysis of the transient signal of the parent (P(+)) and fragment ions ([P-H](+) or [P-D](+)) implies the existence of two different relaxation processes: (i) from the Rydberg and (ii) from the S3 valence state. Using a rate equation model, the decay times have been determined and comparison between the different isotopologues has been made. Conclusions on the relaxation path, the relative displacements of the potential energy surfaces and the activation energies needed have been drawn from the decay times. The signals corresponding to the fragment ions present a small in amplitude, but nonetheless, unambiguous periodical modulation, which is attributed to out-of-plane bending oscillation, involving also the methyl group. The dynamics of the H- and D-loss channels has been investigated. Especially for the case of toluene-α,α,α-d3, where both channels are in operation, it was found that the ratio of the abundance of H/D-loss dissociation reactions decreases as the pump-probe delay time increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Papadopoulou
- Department of Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics Laboratory, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina GR-45110, Greece.
| | - S Kaziannis
- Department of Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics Laboratory, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina GR-45110, Greece.
| | - C Kosmidis
- Department of Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics Laboratory, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina GR-45110, Greece.
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