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Abstract
The prevalence of obesity is increasing exponentially across the globe. The lack of effective treatment options for long-term weight loss has magnified the enormity of this problem. Studies continue to demonstrate that adipose tissue holds a biological memory, one of the most important determinant of long-term weight maintenance. This phenomenon is consistent with the metabolically dynamic role of adipose tissue: it adapts and expands to store for excess energy and serves as an endocrine organ capable of synthesizing a number of biologically active molecules that regulate metabolic homeostasis. An important component of the plasticity of adipose tissue is the extracellular matrix, essential for structural support, mechanical stability, cell signaling and function. Chronic obesity upends a delicate balance of extracellular matrix synthesis and degradation, and the ECM accumulates in such a way that prevents the plasticity and function of the diverse cell types in adipose tissue. A series of maladaptive responses among the cells in adipose tissue leads to inflammation and fibrosis, major mechanisms that explain the link between obesity and insulin resistance, risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Adipose tissue fibrosis persists after weight loss and further enhances adipose tissue dysfunction if weight is regained. Here, we highlight the current knowledge of the cellular events governing adipose tissue ECM remodeling during the development of obesity. Our goal is to delineate the relationship more clearly between adipose tissue ECM and metabolic disease, an important step toward better defining the pathophysiology of dysfunctional adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy M Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Line Pedersen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
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2
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Crewe C, Chen S, Bu D, Gliniak CM, Wernstedt Asterholm I, Yu XX, Joffin N, de Souza CO, Funcke JB, Oh DY, Varlamov O, Robino JJ, Gordillo R, Scherer PE. Deficient Caveolin-1 Synthesis in Adipocytes Stimulates Systemic Insulin-Independent Glucose Uptake via Extracellular Vesicles. Diabetes 2022; 71:2496-2512. [PMID: 35880782 PMCID: PMC9750943 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (cav1) is an important structural and signaling component of plasma membrane invaginations called caveolae and is abundant in adipocytes. As previously reported, adipocyte-specific ablation of the cav1 gene (ad-cav1 knockout [KO] mouse) does not result in elimination of the protein, as cav1 protein traffics to adipocytes from neighboring endothelial cells. However, this mouse is a functional KO because adipocyte caveolar structures are depleted. Compared with controls, ad-cav1KO mice on a high-fat diet (HFD) display improved whole-body glucose clearance despite complete loss of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, blunted insulin-stimulated AKT activation in metabolic tissues, and partial lipodystrophy. The cause is increased insulin-independent glucose uptake by white adipose tissue (AT) and reduced hepatic gluconeogenesis. Furthermore, HFD-fed ad-cav1KO mice display significant AT inflammation, fibrosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and dysregulated lipid metabolism. The glucose clearance phenotype of the ad-cav1KO mice is at least partially mediated by AT small extracellular vesicles (AT-sEVs). Injection of control mice with AT-sEVs from ad-cav1KO mice phenocopies ad-cav1KO characteristics. Interestingly, AT-sEVs from ad-cav1KO mice propagate the phenotype of the AT to the liver. These data indicate that ad-cav1 is essential for healthy adaptation of the AT to overnutrition and prevents aberrant propagation of negative phenotypes to other organs by EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Dawei Bu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Christy M. Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Ingrid Wernstedt Asterholm
- Department of Physiology (Metabolic Physiology Research Unit), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xin Xin Yu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Nolwenn Joffin
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Camila O. de Souza
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Jan-Bernd Funcke
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Da Young Oh
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Oleg Varlamov
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR
| | - Jacob J. Robino
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Philipp E. Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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3
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Joffin N, Gliniak CM, Funcke JB, Paschoal VA, Crewe C, Chen S, Gordillo R, Kusminski CM, Oh DY, Geldenhuys WJ, Scherer PE. Adipose tissue macrophages exert systemic metabolic control by manipulating local iron concentrations. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1474-1494. [PMID: 36329217 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00664-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Iron is essential to many fundamental biological processes, but its cellular compartmentalization and concentration must be tightly controlled. Although iron overload can contribute to obesity-associated metabolic deterioration, the subcellular localization and accumulation of iron in adipose tissue macrophages is largely unknown. Here, we show that macrophage mitochondrial iron levels control systemic metabolism in male mice by altering adipocyte iron concentrations. Using various transgenic mouse models to manipulate the macrophage mitochondrial matrix iron content in an inducible fashion, we demonstrate that lowering macrophage mitochondrial matrix iron increases numbers of M2-like macrophages in adipose tissue, lowers iron levels in adipocytes, attenuates inflammation and protects from high-fat-diet-induced metabolic deterioration. Conversely, elevating macrophage mitochondrial matrix iron increases M1-like macrophages and iron levels in adipocytes, exacerbates inflammation and worsens high-fat-diet-induced metabolic dysfunction. These phenotypes are robustly reproduced by transplantation of a small amount of fat from transgenic to wild-type mice. Taken together, we identify macrophage mitochondrial iron levels as a crucial determinant of systemic metabolic homeostasis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolwenn Joffin
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christy M Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jan-Bernd Funcke
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Vivian A Paschoal
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Da Young Oh
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Werner J Geldenhuys
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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4
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Abstract
Healthy white adipose tissue is dependent on proliferation of endothelial cells to maintain homeostasis or undergo expansion. A new study shows that endothelial cells communicate with adipocytes via polyamines to promote vascularization of adipose tissue, thereby reversing the metabolic effects of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy M Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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5
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Schugar RC, Gliniak CM, Osborn LJ, Massey W, Sangwan N, Horak A, Banerjee R, Orabi D, Helsley RN, Brown AL, Burrows A, Finney C, Fung KK, Allen FM, Ferguson D, Gromovsky AD, Neumann C, Cook K, McMillan A, Buffa JA, Anderson JT, Mehrabian M, Goudarzi M, Willard B, Mak TD, Armstrong AR, Swanson G, Keshavarzian A, Garcia-Garcia JC, Wang Z, Lusis AJ, Hazen SL, Brown JM. Gut microbe-targeted choline trimethylamine lyase inhibition improves obesity via rewiring of host circadian rhythms. eLife 2022; 11:63998. [PMID: 35072627 PMCID: PMC8813054 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has repeatedly been linked to reorganization of the gut microbiome, yet to this point obesity therapeutics have been targeted exclusively toward the human host. Here, we show that gut microbe-targeted inhibition of the trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) pathway protects mice against the metabolic disturbances associated with diet-induced obesity (DIO) or leptin deficiency (Lepob/ob). Small molecule inhibition of the gut microbial enzyme choline TMA-lyase (CutC) does not reduce food intake but is instead associated with alterations in the gut microbiome, improvement in glucose tolerance, and enhanced energy expenditure. We also show that gut microbial CutC inhibition is associated with reorganization of host circadian control of both phosphatidylcholine and energy metabolism. This study underscores the relationship between microbe and host metabolism and provides evidence that gut microbe-derived trimethylamine (TMA) is a key regulator of the host circadian clock. This work also demonstrates that gut microbe-targeted enzyme inhibitors have potential as anti-obesity therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C Schugar
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | | | - Lucas J Osborn
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - William Massey
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Naseer Sangwan
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Anthony Horak
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Rakhee Banerjee
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Danny Orabi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Robert N Helsley
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Amanda L Brown
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Amy Burrows
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Chelsea Finney
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Kevin K Fung
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Frederick M Allen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Daniel Ferguson
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Anthony D Gromovsky
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Chase Neumann
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Kendall Cook
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Amy McMillan
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Jennifer A Buffa
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - James T Anderson
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | | | - Maryam Goudarzi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Belinda Willard
- Research Core Services, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Tytus D Mak
- Mass Spectromety Data Center, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
| | | | - Garth Swanson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center
| | | | | | - Zeneng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Stanley L Hazen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Jonathan Mark Brown
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
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6
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Crewe C, Funcke JB, Li S, Joffin N, Gliniak CM, Ghaben AL, An YA, Sadek HA, Gordillo R, Akgul Y, Chen S, Samovski D, Fischer-Posovszky P, Kusminski CM, Klein S, Scherer PE. Extracellular vesicle-based interorgan transport of mitochondria from energetically stressed adipocytes. Cell Metab 2021; 33:1853-1868.e11. [PMID: 34418352 PMCID: PMC8429176 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adipocytes undergo intense energetic stress in obesity resulting in loss of mitochondrial mass and function. We have found that adipocytes respond to mitochondrial stress by rapidly and robustly releasing small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). These sEVs contain respiration-competent, but oxidatively damaged mitochondrial particles, which enter circulation and are taken up by cardiomyocytes, where they trigger a burst of ROS. The result is compensatory antioxidant signaling in the heart that protects cardiomyocytes from acute oxidative stress, consistent with a preconditioning paradigm. As such, a single injection of sEVs from energetically stressed adipocytes limits cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. This study provides the first description of functional mitochondrial transfer between tissues and the first vertebrate example of "inter-organ mitohormesis." Thus, these seemingly toxic adipocyte sEVs may provide a physiological avenue of potent cardio-protection against the inevitable lipotoxic or ischemic stresses elicited by obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jan-Bernd Funcke
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shujuan Li
- Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Pediatric Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nolwenn Joffin
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christy M Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Alexandra L Ghaben
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yu A An
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hesham A Sadek
- Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yucel Akgul
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dmitri Samovski
- Center for Human Nutrition and the Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pamela Fischer-Posovszky
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Samuel Klein
- Center for Human Nutrition and the Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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7
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Li N, Zhao S, Zhang Z, Zhu Y, Gliniak CM, Vishvanath L, An YA, Wang MY, Deng Y, Zhu Q, Shan B, Sherwood A, Onodera T, Oz OK, Gordillo R, Gupta RK, Liu M, Horvath TL, Dixit VD, Scherer PE. Adiponectin preserves metabolic fitness during aging. eLife 2021; 10:65108. [PMID: 33904399 PMCID: PMC8099426 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is essential for the regulation of tissue substrate utilization and systemic insulin sensitivity. Clinical studies have suggested a positive association of circulating adiponectin with healthspan and lifespan. However, the direct effects of adiponectin on promoting healthspan and lifespan remain unexplored. Here, we are using an adiponectin null mouse and a transgenic adiponectin overexpression model. We directly assessed the effects of circulating adiponectin on the aging process and found that adiponectin null mice display exacerbated age-related glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. Moreover, adiponectin null mice have a significantly shortened lifespan on both chow and high-fat diet. In contrast, a transgenic mouse model with elevated circulating adiponectin levels has a dramatically improved systemic insulin sensitivity, reduced age-related tissue inflammation and fibrosis, and a prolonged healthspan and median lifespan. These results support a role of adiponectin as an essential regulator for healthspan and lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Zhuzhen Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Yi Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Christy M Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Lavanya Vishvanath
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Yu A An
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - May-Yun Wang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Yingfeng Deng
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Qingzhang Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Bo Shan
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Amber Sherwood
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Toshiharu Onodera
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Orhan K Oz
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Rana K Gupta
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tamas L Horvath
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Vishwa Deep Dixit
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States.,Yale Center for Research on Aging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
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8
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Joffin N, Paschoal VA, Gliniak CM, Crewe C, Elnwasany A, Szweda LI, Zhang Q, Hepler C, Kusminski CM, Gordillo R, Oh DY, Gupta RK, Scherer PE. Mitochondrial metabolism is a key regulator of the fibro-inflammatory and adipogenic stromal subpopulations in white adipose tissue. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:702-717.e8. [PMID: 33539722 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The adipose tissue stroma is a rich source of molecularly distinct stem and progenitor cell populations with diverse functions in metabolic regulation, adipogenesis, and inflammation. The ontology of these populations and the mechanisms that govern their behaviors in response to stimuli, such as overfeeding, however, are unclear. Here, we show that the developmental fates and functional properties of adipose platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ)+ progenitor subpopulations are tightly regulated by mitochondrial metabolism. Reducing the mitochondrial β-oxidative capacity of PDGFRβ+ cells via inducible expression of MitoNEET drives a pro-inflammatory phenotype in adipose progenitors and alters lineage commitment. Furthermore, disrupting mitochondrial function in PDGFRβ+ cells rapidly induces alterations in immune cell composition in lean mice and impacts expansion of adipose tissue in diet-induced obesity. The adverse effects on adipose tissue remodeling can be reversed by restoring mitochondrial activity in progenitors, suggesting therapeutic potential for targeting energy metabolism in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolwenn Joffin
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Vivian A Paschoal
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christy M Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Abdallah Elnwasany
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Luke I Szweda
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Qianbin Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Chelsea Hepler
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Da Young Oh
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rana K Gupta
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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9
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Zhang Z, Kruglikov I, Zhao S, Zi Z, Gliniak CM, Li N, Wang M, Zhu Q, Kusminski CM, Scherer PE. Dermal adipocytes contribute to the metabolic regulation of dermal fibroblasts. Exp Dermatol 2020; 30:102-111. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.14181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuzhen Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | | | - Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | - Zhenzhen Zi
- Department of Biochemistry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | - Christy M. Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | - Na Li
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | - May‐yun Wang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | - Qingzhang Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | - Christine M. Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | - Philipp E. Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
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10
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Abstract
The study of beige adipose tissue (BeAT) has recently gained popularity because of its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity and other metabolic disorders. While BeAT regulation is well understood in adults, the critical signals regulating BeAT during infant development need to be better defined. The bioactive components in breast milk have been primarily studied in the context of immunity. In this issue of the JCI, Yu and Dilbaz et al. identify how a class of breast milk-specific lipid mediators referred to as alkylglycerols (AKGs) maintain BeAT in infants and prevent the transdifferentiation of BeAT into lipid-storing white adipose tissue (WAT).
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11
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Gliniak CM, Brown JM, Noy N. The retinol-binding protein receptor STRA6 regulates diurnal insulin responses. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:15080-15093. [PMID: 28733465 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.782334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It has long been appreciated that insulin action is closely tied to circadian rhythms. However, the mechanisms that dictate diurnal insulin sensitivity in metabolic tissues are not well understood. Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) has been implicated as a driver of insulin resistance in rodents and humans, and it has become an attractive drug target in type II diabetes. RBP4 is synthesized primarily in the liver where it binds retinol and transports it to tissues throughout the body. The retinol-RBP4 complex (holo-RBP) can be recognized by a cell-surface receptor known as stimulated by retinoic acid 6 (STRA6), which transports retinol into cells. Coupled to retinol transport, holo-RBP can activate STRA6-driven Janus kinase (JAK) signaling and downstream induction of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) target genes. STRA6 signaling in white adipose tissue has been shown to inhibit insulin receptor responses. Here, we examined diurnal rhythmicity of the RBP4/STRA6 signaling axis and investigated whether STRA6 is necessary for diurnal variations in insulin sensitivity. We show that adipose tissue STRA6 undergoes circadian patterning driven in part by the nuclear transcription factor REV-ERBα. Furthermore, STRA6 is necessary for diurnal rhythmicity of insulin action and JAK/STAT signaling in adipose tissue. These findings establish that holo-RBP and its receptor STRA6 are potent regulators of diurnal insulin responses and suggest that the holo-RBP/STRA6 signaling axis may represent a novel therapeutic target in type II diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy M Gliniak
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and.,the Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - J Mark Brown
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and .,the Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.,the Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 and
| | - Noa Noy
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and
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