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Balachandran A, Pei H, Beard J, Caspi A, Cohen A, Domingue BW, Eckstein Indik C, Ferrucci L, Furuya A, Kothari M, Moffitt TE, Ryan C, Skirbekk V, Zhang Y, Belsky DW. Pace of Aging in older adults matters for healthspan and lifespan. medRxiv 2024:2024.04.25.24306359. [PMID: 38712264 PMCID: PMC11071564 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.25.24306359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
As societies age, policy makers need tools to understand how demographic aging will affect population health and to develop programs to increase healthspan. The current metrics used for policy analysis do not distinguish differences caused by early-life factors, such as prenatal care and nutrition, from those caused by ongoing changes in people's bodies due to aging. Here we introduce an adapted Pace of Aging method designed to quantify differences between individuals and populations in the speed of aging-related health declines. The adapted Pace of Aging method, implemented in data from N=13,626 older adults in the US Health and Retirement Study, integrates longitudinal data on blood biomarkers, physical measurements, and functional tests. It reveals stark differences in rates of aging between population subgroups and demonstrates strong and consistent prospective associations with incident morbidity, disability, and mortality. Pace of Aging can advance the population science of healthy longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Balachandran
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - H Pei
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Beard
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Health Policy & Management, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Caspi
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College, University of London, London, UK
| | - A Cohen
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - BW Domingue
- Graduate School of Education, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - C Eckstein Indik
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - L Ferrucci
- National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A Furuya
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Kothari
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - TE Moffitt
- Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College, University of London, London, UK
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - C Ryan
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - V Skirbekk
- Norwegian Institute for Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Y Zhang
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - DW Belsky
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Health Policy & Management, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
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2
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Ryan CP, Belsky DW. Epigenetic clock work ticks forward. Nat Aging 2024; 4:170-172. [PMID: 38291215 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00570-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- C P Ryan
- Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - D W Belsky
- Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
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Waziry R, Ryan CP, Corcoran DL, Huffman KM, Kobor MS, Kothari M, Graf GH, Kraus VB, Kraus WE, Lin DTS, Pieper CF, Ramaker ME, Bhapkar M, Das SK, Ferrucci L, Hastings WJ, Kebbe M, Parker DC, Racette SB, Shalev I, Schilling B, Belsky DW. Author Correction: Effect of long-term caloric restriction on DNA methylation measures of biological aging in healthy adults from the CALERIE trial. Nat Aging 2023:10.1038/s43587-023-00432-y. [PMID: 37161091 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00432-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Waziry
- Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - C P Ryan
- Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - D L Corcoran
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - K M Huffman
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - M S Kobor
- Department of Medical Genetics, Edwin S.H. Leong Healthy Aging Program, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Kothari
- Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - G H Graf
- Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - V B Kraus
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - W E Kraus
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - D T S Lin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Edwin S.H. Leong Healthy Aging Program, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C F Pieper
- Center on Aging and Development, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - M E Ramaker
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - M Bhapkar
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - S K Das
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - W J Hastings
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - M Kebbe
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - D C Parker
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - S B Racette
- Program in Physical Therapy and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - I Shalev
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - B Schilling
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | - D W Belsky
- Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
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Raffington L, Schwaba T, Aikins M, Richter D, Wagner GG, Harden KP, Belsky DW, Tucker-Drob EM. Associations of socioeconomic disparities with buccal DNA-methylation measures of biological aging. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:70. [PMID: 37118759 PMCID: PMC10148429 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01489-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals who are socioeconomically disadvantaged are at increased risk for aging-related diseases and perform less well on tests of cognitive function. The weathering hypothesis proposes that these disparities in physical and cognitive health arise from an acceleration of biological processes of aging. Theories of how life adversity is biologically embedded identify epigenetic alterations, including DNA methylation (DNAm), as a mechanistic interface between the environment and health. Consistent with the weathering hypothesis and theories of biological embedding, recently developed DNAm algorithms have revealed profiles reflective of more advanced aging and lower cognitive function among socioeconomically-at-risk groups. These DNAm algorithms were developed using blood-DNA, but social and behavioral science research commonly collect saliva or cheek-swab DNA. This discrepancy is a potential barrier to research to elucidate mechanisms through which socioeconomic disadvantage affects aging and cognition. We therefore tested if social gradients observed in blood DNAm measures could be reproduced using buccal-cell DNA obtained from cheek swabs. RESULTS We analyzed three DNAm measures of biological aging and one DNAm measure of cognitive performance, all of which showed socioeconomic gradients in previous studies: the PhenoAge and GrimAge DNAm clocks, DunedinPACE, and Epigenetic-g. We first computed blood-buccal cross-tissue correlations in n = 21 adults (GEO111165). Cross-tissue correlations were low-to-moderate (r = .25 to r = .48). We next conducted analyses of socioeconomic gradients using buccal DNAm data from SOEP-G (n = 1128, 57% female; age mean = 42 yrs, SD = 21.56, range 0-72). Associations of socioeconomic status with DNAm measures of aging were in the expected direction, but were smaller as compared to reports from blood DNAm datasets (r = - .08 to r = - .13). CONCLUSIONS Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with DNAm indicators of worse physical health. However, relatively low cross-tissue correlations and attenuated effect sizes for socioeconomic gradients in buccal DNAm compared with reports from analysis of blood DNAm suggest that in order to take full advantage of buccal DNA samples, DNAm algorithms customized to buccal DNAm are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Raffington
- Max Planck Research Group Biosocial - Biology, Social Disparities, and Development, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - T Schwaba
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - M Aikins
- Max Planck Research Group Biosocial - Biology, Social Disparities, and Development, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Richter
- SHARE Berlin Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Educational Science and Psychology, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - G G Wagner
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Berlin, Germany
- German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP), Berlin, Germany
| | - K P Harden
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - D W Belsky
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - E M Tucker-Drob
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Waziry R, Ryan CP, Corcoran DL, Huffman KM, Kobor MS, Kothari M, Graf GH, Kraus VB, Kraus WE, Lin DTS, Pieper CF, Ramaker ME, Bhapkar M, Das SK, Ferrucci L, Hastings WJ, Kebbe M, Parker DC, Racette SB, Shalev I, Schilling B, Belsky DW. Effect of long-term caloric restriction on DNA methylation measures of biological aging in healthy adults from the CALERIE trial. Nat Aging 2023; 3:248-257. [PMID: 37118425 PMCID: PMC10148951 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00357-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The geroscience hypothesis proposes that therapy to slow or reverse molecular changes that occur with aging can delay or prevent multiple chronic diseases and extend healthy lifespan1-3. Caloric restriction (CR), defined as lessening caloric intake without depriving essential nutrients4, results in changes in molecular processes that have been associated with aging, including DNA methylation (DNAm)5-7, and is established to increase healthy lifespan in multiple species8,9. Here we report the results of a post hoc analysis of the influence of CR on DNAm measures of aging in blood samples from the Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE) trial, a randomized controlled trial in which n = 220 adults without obesity were randomized to 25% CR or ad libitum control diet for 2 yr (ref. 10). We found that CALERIE intervention slowed the pace of aging, as measured by the DunedinPACE DNAm algorithm, but did not lead to significant changes in biological age estimates measured by various DNAm clocks including PhenoAge and GrimAge. Treatment effect sizes were small. Nevertheless, modest slowing of the pace of aging can have profound effects on population health11-13. The finding that CR modified DunedinPACE in a randomized controlled trial supports the geroscience hypothesis, building on evidence from small and uncontrolled studies14-16 and contrasting with reports that biological aging may not be modifiable17. Ultimately, a conclusive test of the geroscience hypothesis will require trials with long-term follow-up to establish effects of intervention on primary healthy-aging endpoints, including incidence of chronic disease and mortality18-20.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Waziry
- Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - C P Ryan
- Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - D L Corcoran
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - K M Huffman
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - M S Kobor
- Department of Medical Genetics, Edwin S.H. Leong Healthy Aging Program, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Kothari
- Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - G H Graf
- Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - V B Kraus
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - W E Kraus
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - D T S Lin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Edwin S.H. Leong Healthy Aging Program, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C F Pieper
- Center on Aging and Development, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - M E Ramaker
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - M Bhapkar
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - S K Das
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - W J Hastings
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - M Kebbe
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - D C Parker
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - S B Racette
- Program in Physical Therapy and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - I Shalev
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - B Schilling
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | - D W Belsky
- Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
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Graf GH, Li X, Kwon D, Belsky DW, Widom CS. Biological aging in maltreated children followed up into middle adulthood. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 143:105848. [PMID: 35779342 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood adversity has been linked to many indicators of shorter healthy lifespan, including earlier onset of disease and disability as well as early mortality. These observations suggest the hypothesis that childhood maltreatment may accelerate aging. OBJECTIVE To characterize the relationship between childhood maltreatment and accelerated biological aging in a prospective cohort of 357 individuals with documented cases of childhood maltreatment and 250 controls matched on demographic and socioeconomic factors. METHODS Cases were drawn from juvenile and adult court records from the years 1967 through 1971 in a large Midwest metropolitan geographic area. Cases were defined as having court-substantiated cases of childhood physical or sexual abuse, or neglect occurring at age 11 or younger. Controls were selected from the same schools and hospitals of birth and matched on age, sex, race, and approximate socioeconomic status. We compared biological aging in these two groups using two blood-chemistry algorithms, the Klemera-Doubal method Biological Age (KDM BA) and the PhenoAge. Algorithms were developed and validated in data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) using published methods and publicly available software. RESULTS Participants (55% women, 49% non-White) had mean age of 41 years (SD=4). Those with court substantiated childhood maltreatment history exhibited more advanced biological aging as compared with matched controls, although this difference was statistically different for only the KDM BA measure (KDM BA Cohen's D=0.20, 95% CI=[0.03,0.36], p = 0.02; PhenoAge Cohen's D=0.09 95% CI=[-0.08,0.25], p = 0.296). In subgroup analyses, maltreatment effect sizes were larger for women as compared to men and for White participants as compared to non-White participants, although these differences were not statistically significant at the α= 0.05 level. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE As of midlife, effects of childhood maltreatment on biological aging are small in magnitude but discernible. Interventions to treat psychological and behavioral sequelae of exposure to childhood maltreatment, including in midlife adults, have potential to protect survivors from excess burden of disease, disability, and mortality in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- G H Graf
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA; Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - X Li
- Psychology Department, John Jay College, City University of New York, New York, USA; Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, USA
| | - D Kwon
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA; Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - D W Belsky
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA; Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - C S Widom
- Psychology Department, John Jay College, City University of New York, New York, USA; Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, USA.
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Newbury JB, Arseneault L, Caspi A, Moffitt TE, Odgers CL, Belsky DW, Sugden K, Williams B, Ambler AP, Matthews T, Fisher HL. Association between genetic and socioenvironmental risk for schizophrenia during upbringing in a UK longitudinal cohort. Psychol Med 2022; 52:1527-1537. [PMID: 32972469 PMCID: PMC9226384 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720003347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations of socioenvironmental features like urbanicity and neighborhood deprivation with psychosis are well-established. An enduring question, however, is whether these associations are causal. Genetic confounding could occur due to downward mobility of individuals at high genetic risk for psychiatric problems into disadvantaged environments. METHODS We examined correlations of five indices of genetic risk [polygenic risk scores (PRS) for schizophrenia and depression, maternal psychotic symptoms, family psychiatric history, and zygosity-based latent genetic risk] with multiple area-, neighborhood-, and family-level risks during upbringing. Data were from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, a nationally-representative cohort of 2232 British twins born in 1994-1995 and followed to age 18 (93% retention). Socioenvironmental risks included urbanicity, air pollution, neighborhood deprivation, neighborhood crime, neighborhood disorder, social cohesion, residential mobility, family poverty, and a cumulative environmental risk scale. At age 18, participants were privately interviewed about psychotic experiences. RESULTS Higher genetic risk on all indices was associated with riskier environments during upbringing. For example, participants with higher schizophrenia PRS (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.06-1.33), depression PRS (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.08-1.34), family history (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.11-1.40), and latent genetic risk (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.07-1.38) had accumulated more socioenvironmental risks for schizophrenia by age 18. However, associations between socioenvironmental risks and psychotic experiences mostly remained significant after covariate adjustment for genetic risk. CONCLUSION Genetic risk is correlated with socioenvironmental risk for schizophrenia during upbringing, but the associations between socioenvironmental risk and adolescent psychotic experiences appear, at present, to exist above and beyond this gene-environment correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. B. Newbury
- King's College London, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - L. Arseneault
- King's College London, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - A. Caspi
- King's College London, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Centre for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - T. E. Moffitt
- King's College London, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Centre for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - C. L. Odgers
- Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Psychological Science, School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - D. W. Belsky
- Department of Epidemiology and Robert N Butler Aging Center, Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, NY, USA
| | - K. Sugden
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - B. Williams
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - A. P. Ambler
- King's College London, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - T. Matthews
- King's College London, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - H. L. Fisher
- King's College London, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
- ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
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Marsman D, Belsky DW, Gregori D, Johnson MA, Low Dog T, Meydani S, Pigat S, Sadana R, Shao A, Griffiths JC. Healthy ageing: the natural consequences of good nutrition-a conference report. Eur J Nutr 2018; 57:15-34. [PMID: 29799073 PMCID: PMC5984649 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1723-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Many countries are witnessing a marked increase in longevity and with this increased lifespan and the desire for healthy ageing, many, however, suffer from the opposite including mental and physical deterioration, lost productivity and quality of life, and increased medical costs. While adequate nutrition is fundamental for good health, it remains unclear what impact various dietary interventions may have on prolonging good quality of life. Studies which span age, geography and income all suggest that access to quality foods, host immunity and response to inflammation/infections, impaired senses (i.e., sight, taste, smell) or mobility are all factors which can limit intake or increase the body's need for specific micronutrients. New clinical studies of healthy ageing are needed and quantitative biomarkers are an essential component, particularly tools which can measure improvements in physiological integrity throughout life, thought to be a primary contributor to a long and productive life (a healthy "lifespan"). A framework for progress has recently been proposed in a WHO report which takes a broad, person-centered focus on healthy ageing, emphasizing the need to better understand an individual's intrinsic capacity, their functional abilities at various life stages, and the impact by mental, and physical health, and the environments they inhabit.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Marsman
- Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - D W Belsky
- Duke University, Raleigh-Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | - T Low Dog
- Integrative Medicine Concepts, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - S Pigat
- Creme Global, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R Sadana
- World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Shao
- Amway/Nutrilite, Buena Park, CA, USA
| | - J C Griffiths
- Council for Responsible Nutrition-International, Washington, DC, USA.
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9
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Wertz J, Caspi A, Belsky DW, Beckley AL, Arseneault L, Barnes JC, Corcoran DL, Hogan S, Houts RM, Morgan N, Odgers CL, Prinz JA, Sugden K, Williams BS, Poulton R, Moffitt TE. Genetics and Crime: Integrating New Genomic Discoveries Into Psychological Research About Antisocial Behavior. Psychol Sci 2018. [PMID: 29513605 PMCID: PMC5945301 DOI: 10.1177/0956797617744542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Drawing on psychological and sociological theories of crime causation, we tested the
hypothesis that genetic risk for low educational attainment (assessed via a genome-wide
polygenic score) is associated with criminal offending. We further tested hypotheses of
how polygenic risk relates to the development of antisocial behavior from childhood
through adulthood. Across the Dunedin and Environmental Risk (E-Risk) birth cohorts of
individuals growing up 20 years and 20,000 kilometers apart, education polygenic scores
predicted risk of a criminal record with modest effects. Polygenic risk manifested during
primary schooling in lower cognitive abilities, lower self-control, academic difficulties,
and truancy, and it was associated with a life-course-persistent pattern of antisocial
behavior that onsets in childhood and persists into adulthood. Crime is central in the
nature-nurture debate, and findings reported here demonstrate how molecular-genetic
discoveries can be incorporated into established theories of antisocial behavior. They
also suggest that improving school experiences might prevent genetic influences on crime
from unfolding.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wertz
- 1 Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University
| | - A Caspi
- 1 Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University.,2 Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine.,3 Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University.,4 Social, Genetic, & Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, & Neuroscience, King's College London
| | - D W Belsky
- 5 Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine.,6 Social Science Research Institute, Duke University
| | - A L Beckley
- 1 Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University.,7 Demography Unit, Department of Sociology, Stockholm University
| | - L Arseneault
- 4 Social, Genetic, & Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, & Neuroscience, King's College London
| | - J C Barnes
- 8 School of Criminal Justice, University of Cincinnati
| | - D L Corcoran
- 3 Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University
| | - S Hogan
- 9 Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Otago
| | - R M Houts
- 1 Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University
| | - N Morgan
- 10 Home Office, London, United Kingdom
| | - C L Odgers
- 11 Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University
| | - J A Prinz
- 3 Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University
| | - K Sugden
- 1 Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University
| | - B S Williams
- 1 Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University
| | - R Poulton
- 9 Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Otago
| | - T E Moffitt
- 1 Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University.,2 Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine.,3 Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University.,4 Social, Genetic, & Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, & Neuroscience, King's College London
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10
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Danese A, Dove R, Belsky DW, Henchy J, Williams B, Ambler A, Arseneault L. Leptin deficiency in maltreated children. Transl Psychiatry 2014; 4:e446. [PMID: 25247591 PMCID: PMC4203008 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2014.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Consistent with findings from experimental research in nonhuman primates exposed to early-life stress, children exposed to maltreatment are at high risk of detrimental physical health conditions, such as obesity and systemic inflammation. Because leptin is a key molecule involved in the regulation of both energy balance and immunity, we investigated abnormalities in leptin physiology among maltreated children. We measured leptin, body mass index and C-reactive protein in 170 12-year-old children members of the Environmental-Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, for whom we had prospectively-collected information on maltreatment exposure. We found that maltreated children exhibited blunted elevation in leptin levels in relation to increasing levels of physiological stimuli, adiposity and inflammation, compared with a group of non-maltreated children matched for gender, zygosity and socioeconomic status. These findings were also independent of key potential artifacts and confounders, such as time of day at sample collection, history of food insecurity, pubertal maturation and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, using birth weight as a proxy measure for leptin, we found that physiological abnormalities were presumably not present at birth in children who went on to be maltreated but only emerged over the course of childhood, after maltreatment exposure. Leptin deficiency may contribute to onset, persistence and progression of physical health problems in maltreated children.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Danese
- MRC Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK,National & Specialist Child Traumatic Stress & Anxiety Clinic, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK,MRC Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre and Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, P080, 16 DeCrespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK. E-mail: or
| | - R Dove
- MRC Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D W Belsky
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - J Henchy
- MRC Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - B Williams
- MRC Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - A Ambler
- MRC Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - L Arseneault
- MRC Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK,MRC Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre and Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, P080, 16 DeCrespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK. E-mail: or
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