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Song MM, Chen J, Ye SM, Lu DP, Zhang GY, Liu R, Shen YX. Targeted delivery of edaravone by liposomes for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:741-752. [PMID: 35506304 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To construct an edaravone-encapsulated liposomes (EDV-LIPs) formulation against acute ischemic stroke. Methods: EDV-LIPs were prepared by the film dispersion method. The biosafety was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo by flow cytometry and the histological staining method. Biodistribution and therapeutic effect of EDV-LIPs against acute ischemic stroke was investigated by fluorescent imaging, the behavior test, laser speckle imaging and triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Results: The nanoliposomes had a long circulation time and could accumulate in the brain lesion region in ischemic stroke rats. EDV-LIPs show good biosafety. EDV-LIPs could restore more cerebral blood flow, reduce infarct volume and decrease neuronal apoptosis. Conclusion: EDV-LIPs provide an effective alternative for drug-targeted delivery against acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, PR China.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Shu-Ming Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Da-Peng Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, PR China
| | - Gui-Yang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, PR China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yu-Xian Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, PR China
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Fei MY, Song MM, Wang P, Pang GZ, Chen J, Lu DP, Liu R, Zhang GY, Zhao TT, Shen YX, Yu YQ. Folic acid modified Fe 3O 4 nanoclusters by a one-step ultrasonic technique for drug delivery and MR imaging. RSC Adv 2020; 10:5294-5303. [PMID: 35498332 PMCID: PMC9049288 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09670a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional nanoclusters based on Fe3O4 nanoparticles for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and drug delivery are reported here. At first, oleic acid (OA)-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared. Then block copolymer Pluronic F127 or folic acid (FA) conjugated-Pluronic F127 was used to modify the hydrophobic nanoparticles to become hydrophilic Fe3O4@F127 nanoclusters via facile ultrasonic treatment. During this process, drug molecules can also be introduced into the nanoclusters and therefore the targeted drug delivery system was formed. Next, we verified the feasibility of the nanoclusters as drug delivery vehicles and magnetic contrast agents. The nanoclusters have an average size of 200 nm and remained stable in water for long periods. Folic acid-modified nanoclusters showed an enhanced intracellular uptake into HepG2 cells by using both cellular iron amount analysis and flow cytometry analysis. Besides, Fe3O4@F127@FA nanoclusters showed good compatibility in the tested concentration range and good sensitivity in T2-weighted MRI. The magnetic nanoclusters combined with drug delivery properties have greatly increased the significance in the diagnosis and therapy of diseases, which are suitable for systematical administration of hydrophobic drugs and simultaneously MRI diagnosis. Water-soluble Fe3O4@F127@FA nanoclusters were prepared by a facile ultrasonic-treated method for MR imaging and targeted drug delivery.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yu Fei
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University 218 Jixi Road Hefei Anhui PR China +86-551-62922381
| | - Meng-Meng Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University 81 Meishan Road Hefei Anhui PR China +86-551-65113776.,Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University 81 Meishan Road 230032 Hefei China
| | - Pei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University 81 Meishan Road Hefei Anhui PR China +86-551-65113776.,Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University 81 Meishan Road 230032 Hefei China
| | - Gao-Zong Pang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University 81 Meishan Road Hefei Anhui PR China +86-551-65113776.,Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University 81 Meishan Road 230032 Hefei China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University 81 Meishan Road Hefei Anhui PR China +86-551-65113776
| | - Da-Peng Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University 81 Meishan Road Hefei Anhui PR China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University 81 Meishan Road Hefei Anhui PR China +86-551-65113776
| | - Gui-Yang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University 81 Meishan Road Hefei Anhui PR China +86-551-65113776
| | - Ting-Ting Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University 81 Meishan Road Hefei Anhui PR China +86-551-65113776
| | - Yu-Xian Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University 81 Meishan Road Hefei Anhui PR China +86-551-65113776.,Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University 81 Meishan Road 230032 Hefei China
| | - Yong-Qiang Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University 218 Jixi Road Hefei Anhui PR China +86-551-62922381
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Dong W, Luo P, Lu D, Wang H, Wang B. Immunomodulatory effect of schisandrae oil in mouse model of autoimmune hepatitis induced by concanavalin A. Tradit Med Res 2019. [DOI: 10.53388/tmr20190717124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Lu Y, Wu T, Zhao YL, Cao XY, Liu DY, Xiong M, Zhou JR, Zhang JP, Wei ZJ, Sun RJ, Lu DP. [Comparison of three different types of donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for intermediate and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2018; 38:301-306. [PMID: 28468091 PMCID: PMC7342729 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
目的 比较半相合移植(Haplo-HSCT)、无关供者移植(MUD-HSCT)及同胞相合移植(MSD-HSCT)治疗中高危骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)的疗效及其预后影响因素。 方法 回顾性分析2001年8月至2015年5月接受异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)治疗的167例中高危MDS患者病例资料,比较不同移植方式下患者的预后特征及预后影响因素。 结果 存活患者中位随访60(12~177)个月。5年实际累积无病生存(DFS)率为67.8%(95% CI 60.0%~75.6%),其中MSD-HSCT组为68.0%(95% CI 54.1%~81.9%),MUD-HSCT组为77.4%(95% CI 62.1%~92.7%),Haplo-HSCT组为64.0%(95% CI 52.4%~75.6%),三组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.632)。单因素分析结果显示移植前病程>12个月者累积DFS率明显低于≤12个月者(P=0.018)。5年累积复发死亡率和移植相关死亡率(TRM)与上面危险因素均无明显相关性。 结论 Haplo-HSCT治疗MDS疗效显著,可以作为重要的替代供者,特别是在缺乏MSD而病情紧急没有时间去等待搜索MUD的情况下,可以主动选择;移植前病程是影响DFS的重要因素。
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lu
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hebei Yanda Ludaopei Hospital, Langfang 065200, China
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Lu Y, Wu T, Zhao YL, Cao XY, Liu DY, Zhang JP, Xiong M, Zhou JR, Sun RJ, Wei ZJ, Wang H, Liu HX, Wang T, Tong CR, Ji SQ, Lu DP. [Effect of NCCN (2015) risk stratification on prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2018; 38:44-49. [PMID: 28219225 PMCID: PMC7348409 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the effect of NCCN (2015) risk stratification on prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) . Methods: Retrospective analysis of 258 patients with AML in CR (186 cases in CR(1), 72 cases in CR(2)) who underwent allogeneic HSCT in our hospital between April 2012 and March 2015 according to NCCN (2015) risk stratification. Of them, 63 cases were classified as low risk, 112 cases intermediate risk and 83 cases high risk. Results: ①With the median follow up of 18 (5-41) months, two-year disease free surviva (DFS) in 258 patients was 78.0% (95% CI 60.4%-96.6%) . Two-year DFS in AML after transplantation was 78.6% (95% CI 61.0%-96.2%) in low risk, 76.0% (95% CI 84.0%-93.6%) in intermediate risk and 80.3% (95% CI 62.7%-97.9%) (P=0.886) in high risk groups respectively. ②Univariate analysis showed that DFS has no significant difference in patient age, the median disease course before HSCT, the WBC number at the beginning of the disease, blood routine and chromosomes examination before transplantation, extramedullary disease before transplantation, disease status before transplantation, conditioning regimen, donor type, donor and recipient sex, recipient blood type, transfused MNC number, transfused CD34(+) cell number and transfused CD3(+) cell number. DFS was significant lower in primary AML than that in secondary AML (P=0.006) and also lower in MRD positive than that in MRD negative (P=0.003) . The accumulative relapse was significant higher in CR(2) compared to that in CR(1) (P=0.046) . Accumulative non-relapse mortality (NRM) was significanlyt higher in secondary AML compared to that in primary AML (P=0.004) and also higher in MRD positive compared to that in MRD negative (P=0.010) . ③Multivariate analysis showed that MRD positive was the only significant factor in DFS and NRM. Conclusion: Allo-HSCT treatment of AML CR patients could achieve a high efficacy, which is similar between CR(1) and CR(2) patients. There is no significant correlation between NCCN (2015) risk stratification and the prognosis of AML patients with allo-HSCT treatment. Pre-conditioning MRD status monitored by multiparameter flow cytometry was the only impact factor on DFS and NRM in allo-HSCT for CR-AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang 065201, China
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Lu Y, Wu T, Wang H, Zhao YL, Cao XY, Liu DY, Zhang JP, Xiong M, Zhou JR, Sun RJ, Wei ZJ, Ji SQ, Lu DP. [Effect of minimal residual disease monitoring by multiparameter flow cytometry pre-conditioning on prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2018; 38:118-123. [PMID: 28279035 PMCID: PMC7354168 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
目的 分析预处理前多参数流式细胞术(MFC)监测的骨髓微小残留病(MRD)对急性髓系白血病(AML)异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)预后的影响,探讨MFC监测MRD在AML allo-HSCT预后评估中的价值。 方法 回顾性分析2012年4月至2015年3月行allo-HSCT的186例AML患者,预处理前骨髓细胞形态学均达第1次完全缓解(CR1)。采用8色MFC对预处理前骨髓进行MRD检测,任何水平异常均定义为MRD阳性。 结果 ①186例AML患者中151例MRD阴性;35例MRD阳性,其中25例MRD<1%,10例MRD为1%~3%。②2年总体无病生存(DFS)率为80.0%(95% CI 68.5%~92.3%)。与MRD阴性组比较,MRD阳性组DFS率低[62.9%(95% CI 50.6%~75.2%)对88.9%(95%CI 76.6%~100.0%),P<0.001]、复发率高[11.4%(95%CI 4.1%~29.0%)对3.3%(95%CI 0.6%~20.9%),P=0.003]、非复发死亡率(NRM)高[25.7%(95%CI 8.1%~43.3%)对7.9%(95%CI 1.3%~26.5%),P=0.001]。继发性AML组DFS率低(P=0.004),NRM高(P=0.003)。③多因素分析结果显示预处理前MFC检测的MRD阳性是DFS[HR=4.565(95%CI 2.918~9.482),P<0.001]、复发[HR=5.854(95% CI 1.538~22.288),P=0.010]及非复发死亡[HR=3.379(95%CI 1.361~8.391),P=0.009]的独立危险因素。 结论 预处理前MFC监测的MRD阳性是影响allo-HSCT治疗CR1-AML独立危险因素,MFC监测MRD可用于AML allo-HSCT的预后评估。
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lu
- Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang 065200, China
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Song MM, Xiang HH, Fei MY, Lu DP, Jiang TC, Yu YQ, Liu R, Shen YX. Facile fabrication of water-dispersible nanocomposites based on hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene and Fe3O4 for dual mode imaging (fluorescent/MR) and drug delivery. RSC Adv 2018; 8:40554-40563. [PMID: 35557926 PMCID: PMC9091618 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08425d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Water-dispersible, stable and biocompatible dandelion-like Fe3O4/HBC@F127 nanocomposites were facilely developed for dual mode imaging (fluorescent/MR) and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Anhui Medical University
- Hefei
- PR China
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute
| | - Hui-Hui Xiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Anhui Medical University
- Hefei
- PR China
- The First Affiliated Hospital
| | - Meng-Yu Fei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Anhui Medical University
- Hefei
- PR China
- The First Affiliated Hospital
| | - Da-Peng Lu
- School of Pharmacy
- Anhui Medical University
- Hefei
- PR China
| | - Tong-Cui Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Anhui Medical University
- Hefei
- PR China
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute
| | - Yong-Qiang Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital
- Anhui Medical University
- Hefei
- PR China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Anhui Medical University
- Hefei
- PR China
| | - Yu-Xian Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Anhui Medical University
- Hefei
- PR China
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute
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Pan J, Yang JF, Deng BP, Zhao XJ, Zhang X, Lin YH, Wu YN, Deng ZL, Zhang YL, Liu SH, Wu T, Lu PH, Lu DP, Chang AH, Tong CR. High efficacy and safety of low-dose CD19-directed CAR-T cell therapy in 51 refractory or relapsed B acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. Leukemia 2017; 31:2587-2593. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Lu Y, Wu T, Liu DY, Cao XY, Xiong M, Zhang JP, Zhou JR, Lu DP. [Clinical studies of myeloablative dose conditioning prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for treatment of 12 patients over 55 years with high- risk malignant blood diseases]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2016; 37:708-11. [PMID: 27587256 PMCID: PMC7348528 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Li CS, Lu DP, Cho YK. Descending projections from the nucleus accumbens shell excite activity of taste-responsive neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract in the hamster. J Neurophysiol 2015; 113:3778-86. [PMID: 25744880 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00362.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleus of the solitary tract (NST) and the parabrachial nuclei (PbN) are the first and second relays in the rodent central taste pathway. A series of electrophysiological experiments revealed that spontaneous and taste-evoked activities of brain stem gustatory neurons are altered by descending input from multiple forebrain nuclei in the central taste pathway. The nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh) is a key neural substrate of reward circuitry, but it has not been verified as a classical gustatory nucleus. A recent in vivo electrophysiological study demonstrated that the NAcSh modulates the spontaneous and gustatory activities of hamster pontine taste neurons. In the present study, we investigated whether activation of the NAcSh modulates gustatory responses of the NST neurons. Extracellular single-unit activity was recorded from medullary neurons in urethane-anesthetized hamsters. After taste response was confirmed by delivery of sucrose, NaCl, citric acid, and quinine hydrochloride to the anterior tongue, the NAcSh was stimulated bilaterally with concentric bipolar stimulating electrodes. Stimulation of the ipsilateral and contralateral NAcSh induced firings from 54 and 37 of 90 medullary taste neurons, respectively. Thirty cells were affected bilaterally. No inhibitory responses or antidromic invasion was observed after NAcSh activation. In the subset of taste cells tested, high-frequency electrical stimulation of the NAcSh during taste delivery enhanced taste-evoked neuronal firing. These results demonstrate that two-thirds of the medullary gustatory neurons are under excitatory descending influence from the NAcSh, which is a strong indication of communication between the gustatory pathway and the mesolimbic reward pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Shu Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois; Jiamusi Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Peng Lu
- Laboratory of Oral Cell Biology, Department of Emergency, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Young K Cho
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, College of Dentistry, and Research Institute of Oral Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon, Korea
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Lu DP, Zhou XY, Yao LT, Liu CG, Ma W, Jin F, Wu YF. Serum soluble ST2 is associated with ER-positive breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:198. [PMID: 24636276 PMCID: PMC3995159 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ST2, a member of the interleukin (IL)-1receptor family, regulates Th1/Th2 immune responses in autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. However, the role of ST2 signaling in tumor growth and metastasis of breast cancers has not been investigated. This study investigated the possible role of soluble ST2 (sST2) in breast cancer. METHODS The serum levels of IL-33, sST2, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in 150 breast cancer patients and 90 healthy women were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Estrogen receptor(ER), progesterone receptor, human epithelial receptor (HER)-2, and cell cycle regulated protein Ki-67 were measured. Clinical stage, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and histological type were also recorded. RESULTS The serum levels of sST2, IL-33, and VEGF were significantly higher in breast cancer patients than in the control group (P < 0.05, each). Serum sST2 levels in ER-positive breast cancer patients were significantly associated with age, histological type, clinical stage, tumor size, and Ki-67 status (P < 0.05, each). Moreover, the serum levels of IL-33 and sST2 in breast cancers significantly correlated with VEGF levels (IL-33: r = 0.375, P < 0.0001; sST2: r = 0.164, P = 0.045). Serum levels of sST2, IL-33, and VEGF decreased after modified radical mastectomy in ER-positive breast cancers. Serum levels of IL-33, sST2, and VEGF and clinicopathological factors were not significantly correlated with disease-free survival and overall survival of ER-positive breast cancer women during follow-up. CONCLUSION Serum sST2 levels in ER-positive breast cancer patients are significantly associated with factors that indicate poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yun-Fei Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, PR China.
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Li CS, Chung S, Lu DP, Cho YK. Descending projections from the nucleus accumbens shell suppress activity of taste-responsive neurons in the hamster parabrachial nuclei. J Neurophysiol 2012; 108:1288-98. [DOI: 10.1152/jn.00121.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The parabrachial nuclei (PbN), the second central relay for the gustatory pathway, transfers taste information to various forebrain gustatory nuclei and to the gustatory cortex. The nucleus accumbens is one of the critical neural substrates of the reward system, and the nucleus accumbens shell region (NAcSh) is associated with feeding behavior. Taste-evoked neuronal responses of PbN neurons are modulated by descending projections from the gustatory nuclei in the forebrain. In the present study, we investigated whether taste-responsive neurons in the PbN project to the NAcSh and whether pontine gustatory neurons are subject to modulatory influence from the NAcSh in urethane-anesthetized hamsters. Extracellular single-unit activity was recorded in the PbN, and taste responses were confirmed by the delivery of 32 mM sucrose, NaCl, quinine hydrochloride, and 3.2 mM citric acid to the anterior tongue. The NAcSh was then stimulated (0.5 ms, ≤100 μA) bilaterally using concentric bipolar stimulating electrodes. A total of 98 taste neurons were recorded from the PbN. Eighteen neurons were antidromically invaded from the NAcSh, mostly the ipsilateral NAcSh ( n = 16). Stimulation of the ipsilateral and contralateral NAcSh suppressed the neuronal activity of 88 and 55 neurons, respectively; 52 cells were affected bilaterally. In a subset of pontine neurons tested, electrical stimulation of the NAcSh during taste stimulation also suppressed taste-evoked neuronal firing. These results demonstrated that taste-responsive neurons in the PbN not only project to the NAcSh but also are under substantial descending inhibitory influence from the bilateral NAcSh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Shu Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois
- Jiamusi Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, People's Republic of China
| | - Sooyoung Chung
- Center for Neural Science L7313, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Da-Peng Lu
- Laboratory of Oral Cell Biology, Department of Emergency, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, and School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Young K. Cho
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, College of Dentistry and Research Institute of Oral Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangwon, Korea
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Lu DP. Blood and marrow transplantation in mainland China. Hong Kong Med J 2009; 15:9-12. [PMID: 19494389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
As of 1981, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT) was applied in an acute leukaemia patient with success. Since then, the number of BMT has been increasing gradually, especially since the 1990s. Approximately 2000 BMTs per year have been performed in recent years in more than 100 BMT units in mainland China. A recent survey of 12 major BMT units indicates that the predominant types of transplantation performed are identical sibling (38.6%), related mismatched/haploidentical (19.4%), unrelated (17.2%), and autologous (24.5%). The indications of major disease entities are acute myeloid leukaemia (32.8%), acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (20%), chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) [18.9%], and lymphoid malignancy (13.5%). The number of transplants from unrelated donor or related mismatched/haploidentical donor has been increasing significantly in recent 6 years. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilised bone marrow plus peripheral blood are routinely used as a source of stem cells for haploidentical BMT. Umbilical cord blood is used less often. Although the total number of patients who received allo-BMT continues to increase, the increase in BMT for CML has been flattened since 2004. By the end of 2008, more than 960 000 volunteer's human leukocyte antigen (HLA) data are available in Chinese Marrow Donor Program (CMDP), and more than 1100 stem cell donations have been performed from it. Stem cells for unrelated BMT in mainland China are mainly from Taiwan Tzu Chi Stem Cell Center and CMDP. Related HLA-mismatched/haploidentical BMT has reached fairly good outcomes in terms of severe acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), chronic GVHD, relapse, treatment-related mortality, disease-free survival, and overall survival, which are comparable with HLA-identical-sibling BMT in the author's BMT units. Syngeneic BMT started successfully in 1964 and has still very good outcomes in more than 23 BMT units from the statistics of Chinese Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
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14
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Wu T, Lu DP. Unmanipulated haploidentical blood and marrow transplantation: where we are. Hong Kong Med J 2009; 15:27-30. [PMID: 19494393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mismatched/haploidentical blood and marrow transplants (haplo-BMT) from family donors have been intensively studied because of the decreasing family size in mainland China, and also because the Chinese Marrow Donor Program is still not big enough. The protocol for unmanipulated haplo-BMT has been designated as 'GIAC' by Dr DP Lu--'G' represents granulocyte colony-stimulating factor mobilisation; 'I' stands for immunosuppression during pre-conditioning being prolonged and intensified; 'A' stands for the use of antithymocyte globulin; 'C' means combined use of bone marrow and peripheral blood as the graft. Haplo-BMT with GIAC regimen has been shown to be feasible for many applications as reported in 2004. Under this protocol, haplo-BMT has achieved comparable outcomes in terms of severe acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), chronic GVHD, relapse, treatment-related mortality (TRM), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival with HLA-identical sibling transplantation. The probabilities of DFS at 2 years in haplo-BMT setting were 70.7%, 49.6%, 22.2% in standard-risk, high-risk, advanced disease groups, respectively. As the third party cells, cord blood co-infusion could significantly reduce the incidence and severity of acute GVHD, and also 100-day TRM. The majority of refractory cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus and aspergillus infections can be controlled by adoptive cellular therapy. Many patients who early relapsed after BMT and failed, or are ineligible for standard therapy, have been salvaged with dendritic cell-primed cytokine-induced killer cells. With these new strategies, the lower TRM and improved DFS have been attained. Therefore, it is better to consider haplo-BMT for the patients with otherwise incurable haematological malignancies at earlier stage, when matched sibling or unrelated donors are not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Wu
- Beijing Daopei Hospital, Beijing, China.
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15
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Shu P, Zhao DA, Lu DP. [Correlation between the expression of cytokeratin-18-mRNA and invasion and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2009; 44:286-288. [PMID: 19575986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between the expression of cytokeratin (CK)-18 and biological behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS Twenty-three patients with OSCC were investigated for the expression of CK-18-mRNA by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Correlations between clinical stages, pathological differentiation, lymphatic metastasis and the expression of CK-18-mRNA were evaluated. CK-18-mRNA expression of peripheral blood from the 23 patients and 23 healthy people were also examined. During follow-up after operation, the peripheral blood was collected again for the expression of CK-19-mRNA. RESULTS Expression of CK-18-mRNA was found in 16 patients. The expression of CK-18-mRNA was significantly associated with clinical stages, tumor differentiation and lymphatic metastasis. CK-18-mRNA was positive in 4 of 23 blood specimens before operation, but during follow-up only 1 of 23 patients was still positive in peripheral blood. CONCLUSIONS CK-18 may provide additional information in forecasting the metastasis of OSCC and serve as a reference in monitoring recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Shu
- Department of Emergency, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing 100050, China
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16
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Zhao XH, Zhu HJ, Lu DP, Zhang M. [Immunofluorescence examination of CK-13 expression in cell line KB differentiated by all-trans retinoic acid or As2 O3]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2009; 44:53-55. [PMID: 19489262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the expression of cytokeratin-13 (CK-13) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to discuss the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or arsenic trioxide (As2 O3) on the differentiation of human oral undifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma cell line KB cells. METHODS The cultured KB cells were divided into three groups, ATRA group, As2 O3 group, and control. The expression of CK-13 in KB cells was detected using the immunofluorescence before and after KB cells were induced by ATRA or As2 O3. RESULTS The expression rates of CK-13 in KB cells in the ATRA group and As2 O3 group were significantly higher than that in the control (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the expression between ATRA and As2 O3 group(P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS ATRA and As2 O3 both have the ability to differentiate the KB cells, and the expression is associated with the degree of tumor differentiation. CK-13 may serve as a molecular marker to evaluate the effect of the differentiation treatment on OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Zhao
- Laboratory of Oral Cell Biology, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing 100050, China
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17
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Lu DP, Shu P, Xing RD, Tatemoto Y, Osaki T. [Glandular odontogenic cyst: report of two cases with cytokeratin 18 expression]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2007; 42:741-743. [PMID: 18476560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report two cases of glandular odontogenic cyst and examine its cytokeratin 18,19 expression. METHODS Two cases of glandular odontogenic cyst were reported and studied. The cytokeratin 18, 19 expression in these two cases were also investigated using immuno-histochemical staining as well as in the situ hybridization of the cyst epithelium. RESULTS Histo-pathological examination revealed that ciliated columnar cells, squamous cells and low-columnar cells were found in the superficial layer of the lining epithelium. Several minor salivary glands, mainly composed of seromucous cells were observed near the satellite cyst. CK18 were expressed in all layers of the lining epithelium of varying intensity. CK18 was negative in lining epithelium of the daughter cyst, but CK19 was positive. CK18-mRNA was expressed in all the layers of the lining epithelium, the salivary glands and daughter cysts. CONCLUSIONS Histological features and CK18 expression may be indicative of the possibility of salivary glandular and odontogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Peng Lu
- Laboratory of Oral Cell Biology, Faculty of Stomatology, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
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18
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Lu DP, Xing RD, Shu P, Tang XF, Zhang M. [Cytokeratin 18 and their gene expression in jaw odontogenic keratocyst epithelial lining]. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2007; 25:106-10. [PMID: 17663325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine cytokeratin 18(CK18) and it's gene in jaw odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) epithelial lining. METHODS The epithelial linings of 32 cases were subject to monoclonal antibody immunohistochemical staining for CK18, CK8 and CK19. RT-PCR and in situ hybridization for CK18 mRNA were conducted in 12 of 32 cases in keratocyst epithelial cell linings. RESULTS In 17 cases, CK18 were observed in keratinized surface layers, though weakly positive. In 27 cases, CK18 were positive in the granular cell layers. CK18 were also positive in the spinous cell layers in 14 cases. In all cases, CK18 was negative in basal cell layers. By RT-PCR, 4 cases expressed CK18 strongly, 8 cases weakly. By in situ hybridization, 8 cases expressed CK18 mRNA positively in both spinous and granular cell layers, and 4 cases positively in basal and keratinized cell layers. CK8 were expressed in basal cell layers of keratocyst epithelial linings. In 23 cases, CK19 were expressed in surface cell layers of keratocyst epithelial linings. CONCLUSION The expression of CK18 in keratocyst epithelial linings transfers from basal cell layer to spinous layer. The expression of CK18 immunohistochemical staining and CK18 mRNA in situ hybridization are different, which shows CK18 might be related to proliferation of OKC epithelial linings. That suggests the existence of regulation of CK18 and CK18 mRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Peng Lu
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Faculty of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
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19
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Li D, Gao HF, Liu X, Jiang D, Li Z, Liu YH, Jiang YZ, Li L, Lan GX, Zhao CZ, Guo T, Cai B, Wang D, Sun GY, Zhang D, Lu DP. Identification of a novel HLA-DRB1 allele (HLA-DRB1*111902*). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 66:67-8. [PMID: 15982264 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2005.00404.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we report a new HLA-DRB1 allele identified in a male acute myeloid leukaemia Chinese patient. This sample was initially typed as DRB1*11XX using commercial polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primers kit. When it was typed using a chip-based sequence-specific oligonucleotide technique, a novel hybridization pattern that does not match any known alleles was observed. Through sequencing, we have identified this allele as a new HLA-DRB1 allele, which was later named HLA-DRB1*111902 by the WHO Nomenclature Committee. The sequence of this new allele differs from DRB1*111901 by one nucleotide (from G to C) at 203nt of exon 2 but does not cause any amino acid substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Li
- Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing, P. R. China
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20
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Abstract
Though there are articles and case reports about using acupuncture to detoxify and to break the narcotic addiction, few articles describe in the West about using acupuncture therapy to treat the emergence of acute withdrawal symptom due to heroin, opium, or morphine. Most often the method of treatment are using the methadone or benzodiazepine and phenoziazine drugs this article describes many years of clinical experience with non-drug approach to treat the acute withdrawal symptoms with acupuncture therapy. Unlike the drug approach, which usually has side effects, there is no adverse effect with acupuncture therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-kuang Lu
- Taipei Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Clinic, Hong Kong
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21
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Lu DP, Chandrakanthan V, Cahana A, Ishii S, O'Neill C. Trophic signals acting via phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase are required for normal pre-implantation mouse embryo development. J Cell Sci 2004; 117:1567-76. [PMID: 15020683 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.00991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth and survival of the preimplantation mammalian embryo may be regulated by several autocrine trophic factors that have redundant or overlapping actions. One of the earliest trophic factors to be produced is embryo-derived platelet-activating factor (1-O-alky-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphocholine). The addition of platelet-activating factor to embryo culture media exerted a trophic effect, but structurally related lipids (3-O-alky-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-1-phosphocholine, 1-O-alky-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphocholine, octadecyl-phosphocholine) had no effect. Platelet-activating factor induced a pertussis toxin-sensitive [Ca(2+)](i) transient in two-cell embryos that did not occur in platelet-activating factor-receptor null (Pafr-/-) genotype embryos. Fewer Pafr-/- mouse zygotes developed to the blastocyst stage in vitro compared with Pafr+/+ zygotes (P<0.02), those that developed to blastocysts had fewer cells (P<0.001) and more cells with fragmented nuclei (P<0.001). The inhibition of 1-O-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (LY294002 (3 microM and 15 microM) and wortmannin (10 nM and 50 nM)) caused a dose-dependent inhibition of platelet-activating factor-induced [Ca(2+)](i) transients (P<0.001). The two-cell embryo expressed 1-O-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunits p110 alpha, beta, gamma and delta, and regulatory subunits p85 alpha and beta. LY294002 and wortmannin each caused a significant reduction in the proportion of embryos developing to the morula and blastocyst stages in vitro, reduced the number of cells within each blastocyst, and significantly increased the proportion of cells in blastocysts with fragmented nuclei. The results indicate that embryo-derived platelet-activating factor (and other embryotrophic factors) act through its membrane receptor to enhance embryo survival through a 1-O-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent survival pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- Human Reproduction Unit, Department of Physiology, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
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22
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokeratin (CK) expression patterns have been studied in numerous intact and diseased oral tissues. However, CK expression in metaplastic squamous cells has not been explored in depth and the origin of metaplastic epithelial linings of the jaw cysts has not been sufficiently investigated. METHODS We examined CK expression in 46 postoperative maxillary cysts (POMCs) which were lined with pseudostratified columnar cells only, columnar and squamous cells, and squamous cells only, in 13, 30 and 3 cases, respectively. RESULTS The expression of CK8, CK13 and CK18 were observed in 39, 9 and all 43 of the columnar epithelial linings, respectively. Metaplastic squamous epithelia expressed more CK13, and less CK18 and CK8. Of the 33 metaplastic linings, 24 expressed CK8, 23 CK13 and 26 linings expressed CK18. The patterns of expression of CK13 and CK18 observed were CK18(+)-CK13(-) in 10 metaplastic linings, CK18(+)-CK13(+) in 16, and CK18(-)-CK13(+) in 7. The expression of CK13- and CK18-mRNA was generally correlated with level of protein expressed. CK18-mRNA expression was observed by in situ hybridization, not only in the 26 metaplastic linings which were positive for CK18 protein, but also in five of the seven metaplastic linings which did not express CK18 protein. In addition, RT-PCR revealed an expression of CK18-mRNA in all metaplastic squamous linings, although the expression level was weaker than that in the columnar epithelial linings. The CK13-mRNA was expressed inversely to the CK18-mRNA. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that CK18-mRNA is preserved through metaplasia, although the protein expression decreased. Metaplastic squamous cells differentiate with a decrease of CK18 and an increase of CK13 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Peng Lu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku-city, Kochi, Japan
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23
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Lu DP, Tatemoto Y, Kimura T, Osaki T. Expression of cytokeratins (CKs) 8, 13 and 18 and their mRNA in epithelial linings of radicular cysts: implication for the same CK profiles as nasal columnar epithelium in squamous epithelial lining. Oral Dis 2002; 8:30-6. [PMID: 11936454 DOI: 10.1034/j.1601-0825.2002.1o786.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective was to specify cytokeratin (CK) patterns in lining epithelia of radicular cysts which are sometime lined with ciliated columnar epithelia as seen in the nasal epithelia. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined the CK expression in 52 radicular cysts obtained from 32 maxillary and 20 mandibular lesions and investigated CK-mRNA expression using in situ hybridization in 24 maxillary and 13 mandibular cysts and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 24 maxillary cysts. RESULTS Of the maxillary cysts, 20, 29 and 19 squamous epithelial linings were positive for CK8, CK13 and CK18, respectively; of the mandibular cysts, 10, 20 and 11 linings were positive for these CKs, respectively. The expression patterns of CK18(+)-CK13(-), CK18(+)-CK13(+) and CK18(-)-CK13(+) were observed in 3, 16 and 13 linings of the maxillary cysts and 0, 11 and 9 linings of the mandibular cysts, respectively. In situ hybridization revealed the expression of CK18-mRNA in 9 and 4 linings of 24 maxillary and 13 mandibular cysts examined, respectively. With RT-PCR, we explored that both CK18- and CK13-mRNA were expressed not only in the normal nasal and gingival epithelia but also in the examined maxillary cyst linings although their expression levels differed correlating with the difference in CK staining. CONCLUSION It is concluded that CK13- and CK18-mRNA are constitutively expressed in columnar and squamous epithelial cells, respectively, and that the variant CK expression patterns with CK18-mRNA expression in maxillary radicular cysts are indicative of the possibility of phenotypic transformation in the cyst linings.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kohasu, Japan.
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24
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Abstract
Despite their long histories, acupuncture and hypnosis have only recently been acknowledged as valuable by the medical establishment in the U.S. Few studies have used rigorous prospective measurement to evaluate the individual or relative merits of hypnosis and acupuncture in specific clinical settings. In this study, 25 patients with various head and neck pain were studied. Each had an initial assessment of their pain, as well as of their attitudes and expectations. All patients received acupuncture, followed by a reassessment of their pain. After a washout period they received another assessment of pain before and after hypnosis therapy. Preferences for therapy were sought following the hypnotic intervention. Both acupuncture and hypnosis were effective at relieving pain under these conditions. The average relief in pain reported was 4.2 units on a ten point scale, with hypnosis reducing pain by a mean of 4.8 units, compared to 3.7 for acupuncture (p = 0.26). Patient characteristics appeared to impact the effectiveness of treatment: patients with acute pain benefited most from acupuncture treatment, whereas patients with psychogenic pain were more likely to benefit from hypnosis. Patients with chronic pain had more variation in their results. Patients who received healing suggestions from a tape during a hypnotic trance benefited more than those who received no such suggestion, and acupuncture patients who were needle phobic benefited less than those who were not fearful of needles. This study demonstrates the benefits of well designed studies of the effectiveness of these alternative modalities. More work is needed to help practitioners identify which patients are most likely to benefit from these complementary therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, USA
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25
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Huang Y, Zhao DX, Lu DP, Yan F, Li ZH, Chen HZ, Zhao Q. [Studies on the cell suspension culture of Saussarea medusa in a stirred tank bioreactor]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2001; 17:561-5. [PMID: 11797222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The cell suspension culture of Saussarea medusa in a 2L aerated and agitated bioreactor with a four-pitch-blade impeller was investigated. The effects of agitation speed, aeration and inoculum size on cell growth and flavonoids production were studied and it was found that cells had optimum growth and flavonoids production when cultivated at 75 r/min, 700-1000 L/min and an inoculum of 4.0-5.0 g/L. A high cell biomass of 13.8 g/L and flavonoids production of 416 mg/L were achieved after 12 days of cultivation. Time course study revealed that flavonoids biosynthesis was growth-associated. The studies on aggregates size distribution in the bioreactor showed that the aggregates break-up caused by hydrodynamic stress might adversely affect cell growth and lead to significant reduction of cell biomass and flavonoids production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Huang
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Metallurgy, Beijing, China
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26
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Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). In this study, serum levels of TNFalpha were assessed by ELISA in 243 sera samples from 40 patients who had undergone allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Serum TNFalpha levels were measured before BMT and at different time points after BMT. The results were correlated with acute GVHD (aGVHD), infection and conditioning regimen. Serum TNFalpha levels were significantly higher in patients with grades II-IV aGVHD than in those with grade 0 or I aGVHD, but there was no clear correlation between serum TNFalpha and severity of aGVHD. Serum TNFalpha levels in infected patients were not statistically different from those in patients without infection. The conditioning regimen did not cause a significant rise in TNFalpha levels. These results indicate that TNFalpha may be useful for the diagnosis of aGVHD and for differentiating between aGVHD and other BMT-related complications, such as infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Huang
- Institute of Hematology, People's Hospital, Beijing University, PR China
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27
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Emerson M, Travis AR, Bathgate R, Stojanov T, Cook DI, Harding E, Lu DP, O'Neill C. Characterization and functional significance of calcium transients in the 2-cell mouse embryo induced by an autocrine growth factor. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:21905-13. [PMID: 10764773 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m001719200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth of preimplantation embryos is influenced by autocrine trophic factors that need to act by the 2-cell stage, but their mode of action is not yet described. This report shows that late zygote and 2-cell stage mouse embryos responded to embryo-derived platelet-activating factor (PAF) with transient increases in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)). [Ca(2+)](i) transients were single global events and were specifically induced by embryo-derived PAF. They were blocked by inhibition of phospholipase C (U 73122) and an inositol trisphosphate (IP(3)) receptor antagonist (xestospongin C), indicating the release of calcium from IP(3)-sensitive intracellular stores. Transients were also inhibited by the absence of calcium from extracellular medium and partially inhibited by treatment with dihydropyridine (nifedipine, 10 micrometer), but not pimozide (an inhibitor of an embryonic T-type calcium channel). (+/-)BAY K8644 (an L-type channel agonist) induced [Ca(2+)](i) transients, yet these were completely inhibited by nifedipine (10 micrometer). The complete inhibition of BAY K8644, but only partial inhibition of PAF by nifedipine shows that L-type channels were only partly responsible for the calcium influx. Depolarization of 2-cell embryos by 50 mm K(+) did not inhibit PAF-induced calcium transients, showing that the influx channels were not voltage-dependent. Depletion of intracellular calcium stores by thapsigargin revealed the presence of store-operated channels. The interdependent requirement for IP(3)-sensitive internal calcium stores and extracellular calcium in the generation of PAF-induced transients may be explained by a requirement for capacitative calcium entry via store-operated channels. A functionally important role for the PAF-induced transients is supported by the observation that inhibition of [Ca(2+)](i) transients by a PAF-antagonist (WEB 2086) or an intracellular calcium chelator (1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)-ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid tetrakis-acetoxymethyl ester; BAPTA-AM) caused marked inhibition of early embryo development. Growth inhibition by BAPTA-AM was relieved by addition of exogenous PAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Emerson
- Human Reproduction Unit, Department of Physiology, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales 2065, Australia
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28
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Lu DP, Lu GP, Reed JF. Acupuncture/acupressure to treat gagging dental patients: a clinical study of anti-gagging effects. Gen Dent 2000; 48:446-52. [PMID: 11199620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive methods advocated by some clinicians are not very successful in dealing with patient gagging, while sedation approaches run the risk of the patient aspirating foreign bodies. The P-6 Neikuan acupuncture point, located on the wrist, has been used in the Far East for thousands of years for its anti-nausea and anti-anxiety properties. In the West, it is the acupuncture point most studied. Only recently has interest been shown in the P-6 point for its possible anti-gagging effect. The anti-gagging effect of P-6 stimulation is documented in this article. The P-6 point has remarkable anti-gagging effects if stimulation is applied correctly. Clinicians may apply thumb pressure at the P-6 point to achieve some effect, although this is not as effective as acupuncture. Nevertheless, a substantial percentage of gagging patients would be able to go through dental procedures without gagging when the P-6 point is stimulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- University of Pennsylvania, USA
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29
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Abstract
Both acupuncture and hypnosis have their distinct applications in the health profession, but combining acupuncture therapy with hypnosis has rarely been done for the purpose of therapeutic treatment, perhaps because few clinicians have proper training in both disciplines. For needle phobic patients, acupuncture treatment can be a dreadful experience, as multiple needles are usually used. It is stressful for both clinicians and patients when the patients are put in an extremely apprehensive state. Our research for combining both acupuncture and hypnosis has revealed that synergy does exist in both, and that hypnosis does augment the effect of acupuncture, resulting in better treatment outcomes. Since many acupuncture patients who are needle phobic do not return for further treatment even though acupuncture has rendered good therapeutic results for them, stress reduction with hypnosis is, therefore, a welcome complimentary adjunct that would enable them to return for further needed acupuncture treatment if and when the factor of fear of the needle is removed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- University of Pennsylvania, Lehigh Valley Hospital, USA
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30
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Masaoka T, Hiraoka A, Okamoto S, Kodera Y, Cao LX, Lu DP, Chen YC, Chen PM, Kim DJ, Chiu E, Liang R, Teh A. Asian Pacific cooperative study of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Int J Hematol 1999; 70:190-2. [PMID: 10561913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
The first cooperative study of the Asian Pacific bone marrow transplantation group included 75 patients with early leukemia who received human leukocyte antigen-matched sibling bone marrow transplants and were randomized into granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and control groups. The selected patients were registered from 10 centers in six countries and areas within Asia (Beijing, Taipei, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, and Malaysia). The incidence of grades II-IV acute graft-vs.-host disease was 22.2%, and the 2-year survival rate was 62.7%. The period of protective isolation (27.1-66.7 days), period of hospitalization (38.6-130.5 days), and medical costs for 4 months (US $10,300-US $80,803) varied considerably. Good cooperation, i.e., low rate of protocol violation or rapid and precise presentation of case reports, was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Masaoka
- Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Japan
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31
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Lu DP, Lu GP. Hypnosis and pharmacological sedation for medically compromised patients. Compend Contin Educ Dent 1996; 17:32, 34-6, 38-40. [PMID: 8598029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Sedating medically compromised patients (i.e., geriatric patients, patients with cardiac, kidney, or liver diseases, and those with other severe systemic conditions) for dental procedures can increase the risk of adverse events for this group of patients and can also increase the risk of liability for the clinician. The authors treated 17 apprehensive dental patients with a combination technique using hypnosis and sedative drugs. The use of hypnosis reduced the amount of sedative agent required and alleviated patient anxiety. The results indicate that hypnosis effectively allows for a reduction in the sedative dosage and provides successful and comfortable dental treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
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32
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Lu DP, Lu GP, Hersh EV. Augmenting sedation with hypnosis in drug-dependent patients. Anesth Prog 1995; 42:139-43. [PMID: 8934982 PMCID: PMC2148904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The successful use of conscious sedation in patients physically dependent on centrally acting drugs is problematic for the dental anesthesiologist because of the concomitant development of tolerance to standard sedative agents. Dosage requirements necessary to adequately sedate these patients are often higher than recommended and carry an increased risk of drug overdose. The following report summarizes our experience with 18 drug-dependent patients in whom hypnosis was employed in conjunction with a standard sedation regimen. Attempts to complete various dental procedures while employing sedation alone on these patients had previously failed. All patients exhibited highly fearful or phobic behavior toward dental treatment as assessed by the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale. If an intravenous sedative regimen (midazolam or diazepam plus methohexital) was employed, hypnotic induction preceded the administration of the sedative drugs. If an intramuscular sedative regimen was employed (meperidine plus promethazine), the hypnotic induction took place after drug administration. With the combined hypno-sedative approach, treatment outcomes were judged to be good or excellent in 11 of 18 patients. Interestingly, in five of seven patients for whom the treatment outcome was rated poor or fair, the possibility of tolerance or cross-tolerance existed between a drug being abused and the sedative regimen. In contrast, this possibility existed in only 1 of 11 patients with good or excellent treatment outcomes. We conclude that hypnosis can augment the effects of sedation in this patient population. However, it is also important to choose a sedative regimen where tolerance is unlikely to exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Allentown, USA
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33
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Lu DP, Lu GP, Reed JF. Safety, efficacy, and acceptance of intramuscular sedation: assessment of 900 dental cases. Compendium 1994; 15:1348, 1350, 1352 passim; quiz 1362. [PMID: 7758023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Intramuscular (IM) sedation techniques remain the least used by clinicians, possibly because of their limited exposure in the undergraduate and graduate dental curricula. To assess the safety and efficacy of these techniques, the authors conducted a retrospective study of 900 dental cases. A total of 308 patients received ketamine, 356 received a meperidine/promethazine combination, and 236 received midazolam. Results revealed a high safety record, efficacy, and good evaluations from clinicians and patients, in addition to some advantages over other sedation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
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34
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Lu DP. Introduction of the special section dedicated to bone marrow transplantation. Chin Med J (Engl) 1994; 107:723-40. [PMID: 7835098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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35
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Lu DP, Hersh EV. Intra-canal dissolution of Sargenti paste. N Y State Dent J 1994; 60:43-8. [PMID: 8047313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Although the efficacy and safety of the Sargenti technique have remained controversial for more than a decade, the technique still is widely used by many dentists throughout the world. The following report describes a retrospective analysis of 367 cases that looked at the contribution of instrumentation technique and fill adequacy to paste dissolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- Allentown Hospital-Lehigh Valley Hospital Center, PA
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36
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Lu DP. Bone marrow transplantation in the People's Republic of China. Chinese Bone Marrow Transplant Registry. Bone Marrow Transplant 1994; 13:703-4. [PMID: 7920297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow transplantation, both allogeneic and autologous, has been undertaken in People's Republic of China (PRC) since the beginning of 1980s at a steadily increasing rate. Eight BMT units can be regarded as active. Altogether 230 cases of allogeneic- and syngeneic-BMT have been reported to the Chinese BMT Registry (CBMTR) by the end of October 1993. More than 85% of the cases were acute or chronic leukemia. The incidence of acute grade II-IV GVHD was 29.5% in matched sibling BMT. The special problems of BMT in China include decreasing family size, financial difficulties and relatively high incidence of various viral infections. A number of unique approaches to treatment have been tested with benefit including mixed infusion of fetal cells for prophylaxis of acute GVHD and intravenous placental globulin for the treatment of chronic GVHD. Garlic ingredient has been shown to be effective against CMV and has been used in the clinic with encouraging results. The overall outcome of allogeneic and autologous BMT are comparable to those in the other major BMT centers in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- Institute of Hematology, Beijing Medical University, People's Republic of China
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37
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Zheng H, Lu DP, Guo NL. [Intravenous placental immunoglobulin for treatment of chronic graft versus host disease]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1994; 33:306-8. [PMID: 7835140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Intravenous placental immunoglobulin (IV Pt IG) was used for the treatment of chronic graft versus host disease (CGVHD) in 30 patients who are refractory to steroid and cyclosporinic A. 15 (50%) patients showed excellent response and 11 (36.66%) good response. The total response rate is 86.66%. The dosage of IV Pt IG was 4 gm/day in adults by intravenous infusion. Effectiveness of IV PtIG was discerned within 2 weeks. The plasma levels of IgG, IgA and IgM were tested before and after IV PtIG treatment. There was no significant statistical difference between the plasma IgG, IgA, IgM levels in pre- and post-treatment period. The efficacy of IV PtIG against CGVHD is therefore ascribed to its pharmacological effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zheng
- Institute of Hematology, Beijing Medical University, China
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38
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Lu DP. Alternative method for removing gutta-percha from canals. N Y State Dent J 1994; 60:31-3. [PMID: 8008295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A simple method of removing gutta-percha from root canals has been presented. This method is less time consuming, and may reduce some of the complications that result from endodontic retreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine
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39
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Lu DP. The use of hypnosis for smooth sedation induction and reduction of postoperative violent emergencies from anesthesia in pediatric dental patients. ASDC J Dent Child 1994; 61:182-5. [PMID: 8089346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Hypnosis combined with chemical sedation is uncommonly utilized by physicians, however, the combination of hypnosis and sedation can be an effective modality in the management of uncooperative pedodontic patients. In order to examine the efficacy of this combination technique, we selected 13 pedodontic patients for Ketamine sedation combined with hypnosis. The patients ranged from four to 11 years of age, and all had previous histories of violent emotional reactions before and after dental treatment. We found the combination technique to be extremely effective in successfully overcoming the stressful and frightening aspects of dental care for these pedodontic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine
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40
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Lu DP, Lu GP. Acupuncture anesthesia/analgesia for pain and anxiety control in dental practice. Part 2: Techniques for clinical applications. Compendium 1993; 14:464-8, 470-2; Quiz 472. [PMID: 8299129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- Allentown Hospital-Lehigh Valley Hospital Center Pennsylvania
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41
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Lu DP, Lu GP. Acupuncture anesthesia/analgesia for pain and anxiety control in dental practice. Part I: Theory and application. Compendium 1993; 14:182-189. [PMID: 8467518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- Allentown Hospital-Lehigh Valley Hospital Center, Pennsylvania
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42
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Guo NL, Lu DP, Woods GL, Reed E, Zhou GZ, Zhang LB, Waldman RH. Demonstration of the anti-viral activity of garlic extract against human cytomegalovirus in vitro. Chin Med J (Engl) 1993; 106:93-6. [PMID: 8389276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The in vitro anti-viral activity of garlic extract (GE) on human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) was evaluated by tissue culture, plaque reduction and early antigen assay. A dose dependent inhibitory effect of GE was evident when GE was applied simultaneously with HCMV. But the effect was stronger when the monolayers were pretreated with GE. In addition, the anti-viral effect of GE persisted long in infected cells after its being removed from the culture medium. The strongest anti-viral effect of GE was demonstrated when it was applied continuously. It is therefore recommended that clinical use of GE against HCMV infection should be persistent and the prophylactic use of GE is preferable in immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L Guo
- Institute of Hematology, Beijing Medical University
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43
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Lu DP. [Clinical application of bone marrow transplantation]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1993; 32:75-7. [PMID: 8404327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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44
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Abstract
When a fixed partial denture fails due to recurrent caries under the casting of the abutments, a remake process usually requires a great deal of cooperation, multiple lengthy appointments, and financial resources. Many patients with special needs may not have the cooperation, tolerance, and resources to support such treatment. This paper describes an alternative method that utilizes a chemomechanical system for caries removal followed by a conventional restorative material to treat those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- General Practice Residency Program, The Allentown Hospital-Lehigh Valley Hospital Center, Allentown, PA 18069
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45
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Lu DP. Intramuscular sedation in dentistry. Compendium 1991; 12:628, 630, 632 passim. [PMID: 1810645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- Allentown Hospital-Lehigh Valley Hospital Center, Pennsylvania
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46
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Lu DP, Guo NL, Jin NR, Zheng H, Lu XJ, Shi Q, Shan FX, Jiang B, Tang H, Liu MY. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for the treatment of leukemia. Chin Med J (Engl) 1990; 103:125-30. [PMID: 2118028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Eighteen patients with leukemia have received HLA-identical allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) at our hospital since 1981. Fifteen of these patients have been living without relapse. for prophylaxis of GVHD, MTX was used in 8 patients, and cyclosporine (CSP) together with MTX in 6 patients, 3 received multiple agents at much smaller dosage, including monoclonal antibody. All patients received intravenous placental gamma-globulin, and 16 received garlic extract. Three patients died. One, who neither received MTX, nor CSP died of hyperacute GVHD, one who did not receive garlic extract died of GMV pneumonia, and the third one died of tuberculosis 18 months after BMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Lu
- Institute of Hematology and People's Hospital, Beijing Medical University, China
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47
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Zhong RK, Dong YH, Lu DP. Activity of human placental gamma globulin in blocking immune functions in vitro and in abrogating the xenogeneic, local graft-versus-host reaction. Chin Med J (Engl) 1989; 102:537-44. [PMID: 2483543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to understand the mechanism of immunosuppression caused by infusion of placental gamma globulin (PGG) in patients with renal allografts, rheumatoid arthritis, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) following bone marrow transplantation (BMT), we have examined the effect of PGG in vitro and in a model of the xenogeneic, local graft-versus-host reaction (LGVHR). PGG inhibited lymphocyte proliferation in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC) (P less than 0.005) and depressed interleukin-2 (IL-2) levels in such cultures at 72 hours (P less than 0.01). In contrast phytohemagglutinin (PHA)- and pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-induced T and B lymphocyte blastogenesis was not affected by such PGG treatment. PGG neither decreased the [3H] TdR pulse incorporation in unstimulated lymphocytes nor affected cell viability. Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry showed that PGG reduced the percentage of cells in S and G2, M phases during the MLC, but did not alter cell cycling during PWM-stimulated proliferation. An immunosuppressive effect of PGG on the LGVHR was tested in a model of intracutaneous transplantation of PGG-treated human lymphocytes into cyclophosphamide-immunosuppressed rats. Lymphoprep-separated human tonsillar lymphocytes were incubated with RPMI-1640 buffer containing: (1)PGG, 4 mg/ml, (2) human plasma albumin, 4 mg/ml, (3) mitomycin-C, 25 micrograms/ml, or (4) no additive. Cells of each preparation (3 X 10(7) cells in 0.1 ml) were injected intracutaneously into cyclophosphamide-treated male rats at separate abdominal locations. A fifth site received only the buffer solution. Five days after injection of cells, each rat received [125I]UdR (10 muCi) intraperitoneally and was killed after 5 hours.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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48
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49
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Lu DP. Construction of temporary fixed partial dentures with prefabricated polycarbonate temporary crowns. Gen Dent 1988; 36:400-1. [PMID: 3073997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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50
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Zhao SC, Lu DP, Shi HL. Survey of thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies in the Dai nationality of southern China. Chin Med J (Engl) 1988; 101:237-40. [PMID: 3138080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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