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Zúbrik M, Pilarska D, Kulfan J, Barta M, Hajek AE, Bittner TD, Zach P, Takov D, Kunca A, Rell S, Hirka A, Csóka G. Phytophagous larvae occurring in Central and Southeastern European oak forests as a potential host of Entomophaga maimaiga (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) - A field study. J Invertebr Pathol 2018; 155:52-54. [PMID: 29758226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the presence and impact of Entomophaga maimaiga on both target and non-target phytophagous larvae. All six study plots, with low gypsy moth population density, were situated in Central and Southeastern European oak forests and E. maimaiga had previously been reported from these plots. Totally, 45 of 4,045 (1.13%) collected non-target larvae died due to fungal infections. No non-target insect specimen was infected by E.maimaiga, although the presence of the pathogen could not be fully excluded in three cadavers. Out of 1,780L.dispar larvae collected, 15individuals (0.84%) were infected by E.maimaiga.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Zúbrik
- National Forest Centre, Forest Protection Service, Lesnícka 11, 969 01 Banská Štiavnica, Slovak Republic.
| | - Daniela Pilarska
- New Bulgarian University, Department of Natural Sciences, 21 Montevideo Str., Sofia 1618, Bulgaria; Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Str., Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
| | - Jan Kulfan
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Science, Ľ. Štúra 2, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovak Republic.
| | - Marek Barta
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Science, Ľ. Štúra 2, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovak Republic.
| | - Ann E Hajek
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-2601, USA.
| | - Tonya D Bittner
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-2601, USA.
| | - Peter Zach
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Science, Ľ. Štúra 2, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovak Republic.
| | - Danail Takov
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Str., Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Andrej Kunca
- National Forest Centre, Forest Protection Service, Lesnícka 11, 969 01 Banská Štiavnica, Slovak Republic.
| | - Slavomír Rell
- National Forest Centre, Forest Protection Service, Lesnícka 11, 969 01 Banská Štiavnica, Slovak Republic
| | - Anikó Hirka
- NARIC Forest Research Institute, Department of Forest Protection, Mátrafüred, Hungary
| | - György Csóka
- NARIC Forest Research Institute, Department of Forest Protection, Mátrafüred, Hungary.
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Pilarska D, Takov D, Hyliš M, Radek R, Fiala I, Solter L, Linde A. Natural occurrence of microsporidia infecting Lepidoptera in Bulgaria. Acta Parasitol 2017; 62:858-869. [PMID: 29035867 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2017-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We examined 34 lepidopteran species belonging to 12 families to determine presence and prevalence of microsporidian pathogens. The insects were collected from May 2009 to July 2012 from 44 sites in Bulgaria. Nosema species were isolated from Archips xylosteana, Tortrix viridana, Operophtera brumata, Orthosia cerasi, and Orthosia cruda. Endoreticulatus sp. was isolated from Eilema complana. The prevalence of all isolates in their hosts was low and ranged from 1.0% to 5.3%. Phylogenetic analyses of the new isolates based on SSU rDNA are presented.
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Pilarska D, Takov D, Nedelchev S. Prothallonema tomici n. sp. (Tylenchida: Sphaerulariidae) parasitising Tomicus piniperda (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Bulgaria. NEMATOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1163/138855410x551671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractProthallonema tomici n. sp. (Tylenchida: Sphaerulariidae) is described as a parasite of the bark beetle Tomicus piniperda (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytidae). The new species is characterised by the relatively short body (0.3-0.5 mm) and short prolapsed uterus ((0.16-0.44) × (0.065-0.15) mm), relatively anterior position of the vulva (83.8-85.5%), stylet with fine asymmetrical basal knobs, hemizonid and hemizonion, four incisures, subterminal phasmids and tail terminus always curved dorsad. The entomoparasitic and mycetophagous generation were observed in the body cavity of T. piniperda. Comparing the two generations of J4 showed that the mycetophagous generation had a longer and more robust body, shorter pharynx and tail, longer reproductive system and vulva located further posteriorly. It can be concluded that, in the haemocoel, the entomoparasitic generation can develop through all stages whilst the mycetophagous generation develops to the J4 and then dies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pilarska
- 1Institute of Zoology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Danail Takov
- 2Institute of Zoology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sevdan Nedelchev
- 3Dragan Tsankov Bvld, Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Goertz D, Pilarska D, Kereselidze M, Solter LF, Linde A. Studies on the impact of two Nosema isolates from Bulgaria on the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.). J Invertebr Pathol 2004; 87:105-13. [PMID: 15579319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2004.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2004] [Accepted: 07/26/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We investigated host-parasite interactions of two Nosema-type microsporidian isolates recovered from populations of Lymantria dispar L. in northwestern Bulgaria, one near Veslec and one near Levishte. Bioassay studies produced information on development, stage specific mortality, pupation, and adult eclosion of infected individuals. Horizontal transmission of the two isolates was investigated in a second set of experiments. At dosages ranging from 2 x 10(2) to 5 x 10(4) spores/microl, the infection rates varied between 77 and 100% for the isolate from Veslec and between 92 and 99% for the Levishte isolate. The Veslec isolate caused a slightly higher mortality rate and the median time to death was shorter compared to the isolate from Levishte. The total mortality for both isolates varied between 79 and 99%, independent of spore dosages. A lower relative growth rate was recorded for male and female L. dispar larvae infected with either isolate during the third larval instar and a higher relative growth rate during the fourth instar compared to the control groups. Pupal weight did not differ significantly among females, but male infected pupae were heavier than the controls. Nosema sp. [Veslec] was as efficiently transmitted as Nosema sp. [Levishte]; 42% of the susceptible larvae became infected with the Veslec isolate when uninfected larvae were exposed to infected larvae; 43% of larvae became infected with the Nosema sp. [Levishte]. The latency period varied between 7 and 8 days for both isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dörte Goertz
- Department of Forestry and Applied Ecology, University for Applied Sciences, Alfred-Möller-Str. 1, 16225 Eberswalde, Germany.
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Pilarska D, Linde A, Goertz D, McManus M, Solter L, Bochev N, Rajkova M. First report on the distribution of microsporidian infections of browntail moth (Euproctis chrysorrhoea L.) populations in Bulgaria*. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1493-0280.2001.01007.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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