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Shushan T, Lovell R, McLaren SJ, Buchheit M, Dello Iacono A, Arguedas-Soley A, Norris D. Assessing criterion and longitudinal validity of submaximal heart rate indices as measures of cardiorespiratory fitness: A preliminary study in football. J Sci Med Sport 2024:S1440-2440(24)00135-X. [PMID: 38702215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the criterion and longitudinal validity of field- and laboratory-derived heart rate (HR) indices of resting and submaximal fitness tests (SMFTs) as measures of cardiorespiratory fitness. DESIGN Observational, repeated measures. METHODS Twenty-nine semi-professional footballers participated. Laboratory assessments took place at the start and end of a preseason training period, whereby resting, SMFT HR-derived indices, and criterion measures of cardiorespiratory fitness (running economy [RE], maximal oxygen uptake [V̇O2 max] and aerobic speed [MAS]) were collected. Throughout this training period, two field-based SMFT protocols, prescribed at different intensities, were administered weekly. Individual slopes were calculated from the analysis of within-athlete change scores. Associations between laboratory and field measures were assessed via Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) and linear regression models. RESULTS Relationships between SMFT HR-derived indices from laboratory and field were very-large for exercise HR (r = 0.74 to 0.87) and moderate to very-large for HR recovery (0.43 to 0.76). Moderate to very-large inverse relationships were observed between exercise HR and HR recovery with V̇O2 max and MAS (-0.41 to -0.78), whereas resting HR showed no substantial relationships. Changes in exercise HR showed large and very-large inverse correlations with preseason changes in V̇O2 max (-0.54 to -0.60) and MAS (-0.64 to -0.83). Relationships between changes in HR recovery and maximal cardiorespiratory criterion measures were moderate to large (-0.32 to -0.63). CONCLUSION SMFT exercise HR is a valid proxy measure of cardiorespiratory fitness irrespective of test setting, whereas the validity of HRR remains elusive and appears to vary between exercise intensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzlil Shushan
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Australia; School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Australia. https://twitter.com/shushan_tzlil
| | - Ric Lovell
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Australia. https://twitter.com/ric_lovell
| | - Shaun J McLaren
- Newcastle Falcons Rugby Club, UK; Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University Institute of Sport, UK. https://twitter.com/Shaun_McLaren1
| | - Martin Buchheit
- HIIT Science, Canada; French National Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), France; Kitman Labs, Performance Research Intelligence Initiative, Ireland; Type 3.2 Performance, France. https://twitter.com/mart1buch
| | - Antonio Dello Iacono
- Institute for Clinical Exercise and Health Science, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Adriano Arguedas-Soley
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Australia; High Performance Department, Greater Western Sydney (GWS) Giants Football Club, Australia. https://twitter.com/Adriano_A_Soley
| | - Dean Norris
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Australia. https://twitter.com/DNorrisSC
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Scott D, Bruinvels G, Norris D, Lovell R. The Dose-Response in Elite Soccer: Preliminary Insights From Menstrual-Cycle Tracking During the FIFA Women's World Cup 2019. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2024; 19:331-339. [PMID: 38198788 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2022-0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This preliminary study examined the influence of estimated menstrual-cycle (MC) phase on responses to soccer matches and training sessions in preparation for and during the FIFA (Fédération internationale de football association) Women's World Cup 2019. METHODS Twenty outfield players representing a national team were tracked over a 45-day period. External (10-Hz global positioning system; total and distance covered at high-metabolic power [≥20 W·kg-1]) and internal load measures (minutes ≥80% heart-rate maximum, sessional ratings of perceived exertion) were collected during all training and matches, with single-item wellness measures (fatigue, soreness, sleep quality, and sleep duration) collected each morning prior to activity. MC phase was estimated individually via an algorithm, informed from pretournament survey responses and ongoing symptom reporting (FitrWoman). Model comparison statistics were used to determine the impact of estimated MC phase in nonhormonal contraceptive users (n = 16). RESULTS Sessional rating of perceived exertion responses to total distances ≥5 km were higher during the luteal phase (+0.6-1.0 au; P ≤ .0178) versus menstruation (phase 1), but no other observable dose-response trends were observed. Sleep, fatigue, and soreness ratings were not typically associated with MC phase, with the exception of exacerbated fatigue ratings in luteal versus follicular phase 48 hours postmatch (-0.73 au, P = .0275). CONCLUSIONS Preliminary findings suggest that estimated MC phase may contribute to the understanding of the dose-response to soccer training and matches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn Scott
- Performance, Medical & Innovation Department, Washington Spirit Soccer Club, Washington, DC, USA
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - Georgie Bruinvels
- Orreco Ltd, Galway, Ireland
- University College London, London, United Kingdom
- St Mary's University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dean Norris
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - Ric Lovell
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
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Oester C, Norris D, Scott D, Pedlar C, Bruinvels G, Lovell R. Inconsistencies in the perceived impact of the menstrual cycle on sport performance and in the prevalence of menstrual cycle symptoms: A scoping review of the literature. J Sci Med Sport 2024:S1440-2440(24)00077-X. [PMID: 38508888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This scoping review aimed to summarize the findings of studies regarding the perceived impact of the menstrual cycle on athletic performance, as well as the prevalence of negative menstrual cycle symptoms. DESIGN Scoping review. METHODS Three databases were searched and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) was used as guidance. RESULTS A total of 39 studies were included in the final analysis. Between 2.8 and 100 % of athletes reported their performance being negatively impacted by their menstrual cycle, and the main reason was the occurrence of menstrual cycle symptoms. Additionally, a large variability in the prevalence of menstrual cycle symptoms was reported in the different studies mainly due to methodological differences and recall biases. CONCLUSIONS Similarly, as to what has been reported in reviews summarizing performance outcomes during different menstrual cycle phases, this review highlights the high degree of variability between how athletes perceive to be impacted by their menstrual/hormonal contraceptive cycle. REGISTRATION The protocol of this scoping review was registered at the Open Science Framework on 14 September 2023 (osf.io/efu9x).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Oester
- Western Sydney University, School of Health Sciences, Australia.
| | - Dean Norris
- Western Sydney University, School of Health Sciences, Australia. https://twitter.com/DNorrisSC
| | - Dawn Scott
- Washington Spirit, USA. https://twitter.com/DawnScott06
| | - Charles Pedlar
- St Mary's University, Faculty of Sport, Health and Applied Science, United Kingdom; National University of Ireland, Orreco Business Innovation Unit, Ireland; University College of London, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, United Kingdom. https://twitter.com/PedlarCR
| | - Georgie Bruinvels
- St Mary's University, Faculty of Sport, Health and Applied Science, United Kingdom; National University of Ireland, Orreco Business Innovation Unit, Ireland; University College of London, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, United Kingdom. https://twitter.com/GBruinvels
| | - Ric Lovell
- Western Sydney University, School of Health Sciences, Australia; University of Wollongong, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, Australia. https://twitter.com/Ric_Lovell
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Shushan T, Lovell R, McLaren SJ, Barrett S, Buchheit M, Scott TJ, Norris D. A Methodological Comparison of Protocols and Analytical Techniques to Assess the Outcome Measures of Submaximal Fitness Tests. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2024; 19:142-154. [PMID: 38086364 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2023-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Submaximal fitness test (SMFT) outcome measures are frequently collected with a wide array of technologies and methodological approaches. PURPOSE To examine the test-retest reliability of various SMFT outcome measures derived from different protocols and analytical techniques. METHODS Twenty-six semiprofessional adult soccer players performed 3 SMFT protocols, including 2 continuous (3 min, 11 and 12.8 km·h-1) and 1 intermittent (4 × 50 m, 18 km·h-1) twice, each separated by 7 days. Heart-rate (HR) indices (exercise HR, HR recovery) and scapula-mounted (PlayerLoad vector magnitude) and foot-mounted (flight time and contact time, stride length) microelectrical mechanical system-derived variables were collected using different time frames and analytical approaches adopted in the literature and practice. Absolute reliability was quantified as the group mean difference, typical error of measurement, also expressed as the coefficient of variation (where appropriate) and standardized units (ie, d). Intraclass correlation coefficient was used to quantify relative reliability. RESULTS The highest degrees of reliability were evident for exercise HR (typical error: 1.0%-1.6% points), the vertical component of PlayerLoad (expressed in arbitrary units; coefficient of variation: 5.5%-7.0%), and contact time (coefficient of variation: 1.5%-3.0%). These estimates were not influenced by SMFT protocol or analytical approach. All other measures displayed poorer reliability and/or were different between protocols and analytical methods. CONCLUSIONS SMFT protocols impact the test-retest reliability of various outcome measures; however, exercise HR, vertical PlayerLoad, and contact time (derived from foot-mounted micro-electrical mechanical systems) appear to have stable measurement properties to assist the assessment of aerobic capacity and lower-limb neuromuscular status, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzlil Shushan
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ric Lovell
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shaun J McLaren
- Newcastle Falcons Rugby Club, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University Institute of Sport, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Steve Barrett
- Department of Sport Science Innovation, Playermaker, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Buchheit
- HIIT Science, Revelstoke, BC, Canada
- Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance, French National Institute of Sport, Paris, France
- Kitman Labs, Performance Research Intelligence Initiative, Dublin, Ireland
- Lille Olympic Sporting Club, Lille, France
| | - Tannath J Scott
- Netball Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Dean Norris
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Shushan T, Norris D, McLaren SJ, Buchheit M, Scott TJ, Barrett S, Dello Iacono A, Lovell R. A Worldwide Survey on the Practices and Perceptions of Submaximal Fitness Tests in Team Sports. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37207997 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2023-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To survey team-sport practitioners on current practices and perceptions of submaximal fitness tests (SMFTs). METHODS A convenience sample of team-sport practitioners completed an online survey (September to November 2021). Descriptive statistics were used to obtain information of frequencies. A mixed-model quantile (median) regression was employed to assess the differences between the perceived influence of extraneous factors. RESULTS A total of 66 practitioners (74 discrete protocols) from 24 countries completed the survey. Time-efficient and nonexhaustive nature were considered the most important features of implementation. Practitioners prescribed a range of SMFTs, administered mostly on a monthly or weekly basis, but scheduling strategies appeared to differ across SMFT categories. Cardiorespiratory/metabolic outcome measures were collected in most protocols (n = 61; 82%), with the majority monitoring heart-rate-derived indices. Subjective outcome measures (n = 33; 45%) were monitored exclusively using ratings of perceived exertion. Mechanical outcome measures (n = 19; 26%) included either a combination of locomotor outputs (eg, distance covered) or variables derived from microelectrical mechanical systems. The perceived influence of extraneous factors on measurement accuracy varied according to outcome measure, and there was a lack of consensus among practitioners. CONCLUSIONS Our survey showcases the methodological frameworks, practices, and challenges of SMFTs in team sports. The most important features for implementation perhaps support the use of SMFTs as a feasible and sustainable tool for monitoring in team sports. The wide variety of protocols, scheduling strategies, and outcome measures, along with their associated collection and analytical techniques, may reflect the absence of robust evidence regarding the application of SMFTs in team sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzlil Shushan
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW,Australia
| | - Dean Norris
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW,Australia
| | - Shaun J McLaren
- Newcastle Falcons Rugby Club, Newcastle upon Tyne,United Kingdom
- Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester,United Kingdom
| | - Martin Buchheit
- HIIT Science, Revelstoke, BC,Canada
- Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), French National Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris,France
- Kitman Labs, Performance Research Intelligence Initiative, Dublin,Ireland
- Lille Olympic Sporting Club, Lille,France
| | - Tannath J Scott
- Netball Australia, Fitzroy, VIC,Australia
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds,United Kingdom
| | - Steve Barrett
- Department of Sport Science Innovation, Playermaker, London,United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Dello Iacono
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Institute for Clinical Exercise and Health Science, University of the West of Scotland, Hamilton,United Kingdom
| | - Ric Lovell
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW,Australia
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW,Australia
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Dillon P, Lovell R, Joyce D, Norris D. Maximum Speed Exposures in Australian Rules Football: Do Methods Matter? SCI MED FOOTBALL 2023:1-4. [PMID: 37143341 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2023.2211048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This study compared weekly near-to maximum speed exposure data when determined via different methods and criteria. 47 professional Australian Rules Football (AF) players undertook pre-season sprint assessments (PSSA) via 3 x 50m maximal efforts using 10 Hz GPS over two consecutive seasons. The same technology was used continually during the in-season to identify maximum speeds attained in training and matches. Weekly near-to maximal speed (MS) exposure counts were aggregated for speeds ≥80%, ≥85%, ≥90% and ≥95% of their individual maximum for both determination approaches. Weekly near-to MS exposures was lower (p<0.0001) when determined from in-season monitoring for ≥80% (-1.26; CI: -1.58 to -0.93), ≥85% (-0.78; CI: -0.97 to -0.59), ≥90% (-0.42; CI: -0.53 to -0.32), and ≥95% (-0.09; CI: -0.12 to -0.06) versus PSSA, with no effect of playing position (P ≥ 0.161). Although ≥80% and ≥85% near-to maximum speed exposure data was meaningfully influenced by the determination method, the effect was somewhat trivial at higher speed criteria (≥90% and ≥95%) often considered important for performance gains and injury risk reduction purposes. Maximum speed determination methods therefore may be used interchangeably, and discrete sprint assessments may not be necessary for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pat Dillon
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, AUSTRALIA
| | - Ric Lovell
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, AUSTRALIA
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, AUSTRALIA
| | - David Joyce
- Synapsing Strategy and Decision Making, Sydney, AUSTRALIA
| | - Dean Norris
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, AUSTRALIA
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Poulos N, Haff GG, Nibali M, Norris D, Newton R. Influence of Complex Training Design on Acute Postactivation Performance Enhancement of Jump Squat and Ballistic Bench Throw Performance in Developing Team-Sport Athletes. J Strength Cond Res 2023; 37:969-979. [PMID: 37099303 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Poulos, N, Haff, GG, Nibali, M, Norris, D, and Newton, R. Influence of complex training design on acute postactivation performance enhancement of jump squat and ballistic bench throw performance in developing team-sport athletes. J Strength Cond Res 37(5): 969-979, 2023-The effect of complex training (CT) session design on acute postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE) of loaded jump squat(s) (JS) and ballistic bench throw(s) (BBT) was examined. This study further investigated whether relative strength is a moderating factor in PAPE in response to 3 distinct CT protocols. Fourteen Australian Football League (AFL) Academy athletes performed 3 different protocols comprising 85% 1 repetition maximum (1RM) back squats and bench press, and 30% 1RM loaded JS and BBT, differing in the sequencing of exercise order (i.e., complex pairs performed in isolation or with additional exercise interspersed within the intracomplex recovery period) and duration of the intracomplex recovery (2.5, 5, or 15 minutes). Differences in JS and BBT performance between CT protocols were trivial except for JS eccentric depth and eccentric impulse where small to moderate substantial differences were observed between protocols 2 and 3 in various sets; a small difference was observed between protocols 1 and 3 for eccentric depth. Small differences between protocols 1 and 2 were observed in set 1 in BBT peak velocity (ES = -0.26) and peak power (W·kg-1) (ES = -0.31). Small magnitudes of PAPE and decrements in performance were observed in some variables within protocols, yet effects across sets were inconsistent. Relative strength was negatively associated with JS performance (i.e., stronger athletes demonstrated a lower magnitude of PAPE) yet positively associated with PAPE of BBT peak force (N·kg-1) and peak power (W·kg-1). Alternating lower-body and upper-body complex sets and performance of ancillary exercise within the intracomplex recovery does not contribute to cumulative fatigue throughout the session and does not detrimentally affect subsequent JS and BBT performance. The manipulation of complex-set sequences offers practitioners a time-efficient means of providing both lower-body and upper-body heavy-resistance and ballistic training stimuli to achieve chronic training adaptations in maximal strength and power, with targeted improvements in specific kinetic and kinematic variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Poulos
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Greater Western Sydney Giants Football Club, NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - G Gregory Haff
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Dean Norris
- Greater Western Sydney Giants Football Club, NSW, Sydney, Australia
- Western Sydney University, School of Health Sciences, NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Robert Newton
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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Shushan T, Lovell R, Buchheit M, Scott TJ, Barrett S, Norris D, McLaren SJ. Submaximal Fitness Test in Team Sports: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Exercise Heart Rate Measurement Properties. Sports Med Open 2023; 9:21. [PMID: 36964427 PMCID: PMC10039193 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00564-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Submaximal fitness tests (SMFT) are a pragmatic approach for evaluating athlete's physiological state, due to their time-efficient nature, low physiological burden and relative ease of administration in team sports settings. While a variety of outcome measures can be collected during SMFT, exercise heart rate (HRex) is the most popular. Understanding the measurement properties of HRex can support the interpretation of data and assist in decision making regarding athlete's current physiological state and training effects. OBJECTIVES The aims of our systematic review and meta-analysis were to: (1) establish meta-analytic estimates of SMFT HRex reliability and convergent validity and (2) examine the moderating influence of athlete and protocol characteristics on the magnitude of these measurement properties. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search with MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science databases for studies published up until January 2022 since records began. Studies were considered for inclusion when they included team sports athletes and the reliability and/or convergent validity of SMFT HRex was investigated. Reliability statistics included the group mean difference (MD), typical error of measurement (TE) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) derived from test-retest(s) designs. Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) describing the relationship between SMFT HRex and a criterion measure of endurance performance was used as the statistic for convergent validity. Qualitative assessment was conducted using risk of bias assessment tool for non-randomised studies. Mixed-effects, multilevel hierarchical models combined with robust variance estimate tests were performed to obtain pooled measurement property estimates, effect heterogeneity, and meta-regression of modifying effects. RESULTS The electronic search yielded 21 reliability (29 samples) and 20 convergent validity (29 samples) studies that met the inclusion criteria. Reliability meta-analysis indicated good absolute (MD = 0.5 [95% CI 0.1 to 0.9] and TE = 1.6 [95% CI 1.4 to 1.9] % points), and high relative (ICC = 0.88 [95% CI 0.84 to 0.91]) reliability. Convergent validity meta-analysis indicated an inverse, large relationship (r = - 0.58 [95% CI - 0.62 to - 0.54]) between SMFT HRex and endurance tests performance. Meta-regression analyses suggested no meaningful influence of SMFT protocol or athlete characteristics on reliability or convergent validity estimates. CONCLUSIONS Submaximal fitness test HRex is a reliable and valid proxy indicator of endurance performance in team sport athletes. Athlete and SMFT protocol characteristics do not appear to have a meaningful effect on these measurement properties. Practitioners may implement SMFT HRex for monitoring athlete's physiological state by using our applied implications to guide the interpretation of data in practice. Future research should examine the utility of SMFT HRex to track within-athlete changes in aerobic capacity, as well as any further possible effects of SMFT protocols design elements or HRex analytical methods on measurement properties. Registration Protocol registration can be found in Open Science Framework and available through https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/9C2JV .
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzlil Shushan
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Ric Lovell
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Martin Buchheit
- HIIT Science, Revelstoke, BC, Canada
- Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance, French National Institute of Sport (INSEP), 7370, Paris, France
- Kitman Labs, Performance Research Intelligence Initiative, Dublin, Ireland
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tannath J Scott
- Netball Australia, Victoria, Australia
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Steve Barrett
- Department of Sport Science Innovation, Playermaker, London, UK
| | - Dean Norris
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shaun J McLaren
- Newcastle Falcons Rugby Club, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
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Cross R, Lovell R, Marshall PW, Norris D, Siegler JC. Scheduling Concurrent Training 48 versus 72 h after Simulated Match Play: Effects on Neuromuscular Function and Fatigue. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:301-310. [PMID: 36635860 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Scheduling concurrent training (CT) during the in-season microcycle in field-based team sport is driven by prematch and postmatch recovery. This study examined the neuromuscular function, fatigue, and soreness responses to CT administered 48 h (match day (MD) + 2) versus 72 h (MD + 3) after match. METHODS Ten male recreational-level team sport athletes were monitored daily during two 5-d microcycles, which began with a simulated match (Soccer-specific Aerobic Field Test (SAFT90)) and CT performed either 48 or 72 h after match. Maximal voluntary force, quadriceps maximum EMG, voluntary activation, muscle contractile function (evoked twitch responses), muscle soreness, and fatigue were assessed immediately before and after the SAFT90, and every 24 up to 96 h after match. Outcome measures were also assessed immediately after CT. The CT consisted of an intermittent sprint protocol and a lower limb resistance training session separated by 1 h. RESULTS Immediately after the SAFT90 in both conditions, maximal voluntary force was below baseline (mean change (Δ), -14.6% ± 10.0%; P = 0.03), recovering 48 h post. Quadriceps contractile function (Δ, -31.5% ± 11.4%; P = 0.003) and voluntary activation (Δ, -8.9 ± 6.2%; P = 0.003) were also hampered after the SAFT90, recovering 24 h post in both conditions. In addition, the SAFT90 elicited elevated levels of fatigue and muscle soreness that recovered 24 h after the SAFT90 before increasing at 72 and 96 h post in the MD + 2 and MD + 3 conditions, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Recovery of fatigue was only observed at the end of the microcycle when CT was prescribed on MD + 2. Therefore, CT scheduled early (MD + 2) in the microcycle might avoid compromising forthcoming match preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ric Lovell
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, AUSTRALIA
| | | | - Dean Norris
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, AUSTRALIA
| | - Jason C Siegler
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
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Martin S, Rashidifard C, Norris D, Goncalves A, Vercollone C, Brezinski M. Minimally Invasive Polarization Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography (PS-OCT) for assessing Pre-OA, a pilot study on technical feasibility. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Open 2022; 4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2022.100313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Mukherjee N, Dart C, Lambert K, Norris D, Shellman Y. LB999 Basal levels of MCL1 and its binding partners contribute to a higher sensitivity to MCL1 inhibitors in uveal vs cutaneous melanomas. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.1025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cramm H, Norris D, Fear NT, Dekel R. Military families and military-to-civilian transition: the current state of play. BMJ Mil Health 2021; 169:e4-e5. [PMID: 34413112 DOI: 10.1136/bmjmilitary-2021-001815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Cramm
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Norris
- Department of Family Studies and Gerontology, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - N T Fear
- King's Centre for Military Health, King's College London, London, UK.,Academic Department of Military Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - R Dekel
- The Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Dillon P, Norris D, Siegler J, Joyce D, Lovell R. Determination of locomotor qualities in elite Australian Football: A pragmatic approach. J Sports Sci 2021; 39:1445-1451. [PMID: 33596782 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2021.1876330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The study examined the utility of surrogate measures of athletic performance to determine locomotor qualities (maximal aerobic velocity and peak velocity) in elite Australian Football (AF). 29 professional AF players undertook aerobic fitness (3km time-trial [TT] and 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test [30-15 IFT]) and peak velocity (PV; 50 m maximal sprints using 10Hz GPS) assessments in pre-season. Characteristics of TT performance (mean velocity, 500m and 1km splits) were compared with a surrogate for maximal aerobic velocity (MAV; 80% of 30-15 IFT final velocity). PVs derived from sprint tests were compared to those attained in AF matches (10 Hz GPS). Higher Pearson correlations were observed between MAV versus the fastest 500m (r = 0.74) and 1km (r = 0.75) of the 3km TT, but they were not superior to mean velocity (r = 0.72; p ≥ 0.30) which also demonstrated the lowest bias (p ≤ 0.01) and equivalent typical errors (0.16-0.17 m.s-1). Peak velocity was higher across match observations (0.28, CI: ± 0.17 m.s -1, p = 0.017) versus sprint tests. There was no impact of playing position on the determination of locomotor qualities using surrogate measures of locomotor qualities. Locomotor qualities can be determined practically using 10Hz GPS devices during 3km time-trials and competitive matches (assuming appropriate signal quality), without additional fitness assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Dillon
- Athletic Performance Unit, GWS Giants; Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dean Norris
- Athletic Performance Unit, GWS Giants; Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - David Joyce
- Athletic Performance Unit, GWS Giants, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ric Lovell
- Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia
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Scott D, Norris D, Lovell R. Dose-Response Relationship Between External Load and Wellness in Elite Women's Soccer Matches: Do Customized Velocity Thresholds Add Value? Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2020; 15:1245-1251. [PMID: 32887847 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2019-0660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the dose-response relationship between match-play high-speed running (HSR), very high-speed running (VHSR), and sprint (SPR) distances versus subsequent ratings of fatigue and soreness. METHODS Thirty-six outfield players competing in the professional National Women's Soccer League (NWSL, United States) with a minimum of five 90-minute match observations were monitored during the 2016 and 2017 seasons (408 match observations, 11 [6]/player). HSR (≥3.47 m·s-1), VHSR (≥5.28 m·s-1), and SPR (≥6.25 m·s-1) were determined generically (GEN) in players using a 10-Hz global positioning system. HSR, VHSR, and SPR speed thresholds were also reconfigured according to player peak speed per se and in combination with the final velocity achieved in the 30:15 Intermittent Fitness Test (locomotor approach to establishing individual speed zones). On the morning following matches (match day [MD + 1]), players recorded subjective wellness ratings of fatigue and soreness using 7-point Likert scales. RESULTS Fatigue (-2.32; 95% CI, -2.60 to -2.03 au; P < .0001) and soreness (-2.05; 95% CI, -2.29 to -1.81; P < .0001) ratings worsened on MD + 1. Standardized unit changes in HSRGEN (fatigue: -0.05; 95% CI, -0.11 to 0.02 and soreness: -0.02, 95% CI, -0.07 to 0.04) and VHSRGEN (fatigue: -0.06; 95% CI, -0.12 to 0.00 and soreness: -0.04; 95% CI, -0.10 to 0.02) had no influence on wellness ratings at MD + 1. Individualized speed thresholds did not improve the model fit. CONCLUSIONS Subjective ratings of fatigue and wellness are not sensitive to substantial within-player changes in match physical performance. HSR, VHSR, and SPR thresholds customized for individual players' athletic qualities did not improve the dose-response relationship between external load and wellness ratings.
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Li H, Zhang C, Li B, Fujita M, Norris D, Wang X, Huang M. 608 Targeting CtBP-mediated proinflammatory gene transcription to treat skin inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Manyelo T, Ng'ambi J, Norris D, Mabelebele M. Substitution of Zea mays by Sorghum bicolor on Performance and Gut Histo-Morphology of Ross 308 Broiler Chickens Aged 1–42 d. J APPL POULTRY RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfz015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Manyelo T, Ng’ambi J, Norris D, Mabelebele M. Influence of low-tannin sorghum on performance and bone morphometrics of male Ross 308 broilers aged 1 - 42 days. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v49i3.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Quintana I, Norris D, Valerio A, Becker FG, Gibbs JP, Michalski F. Nest removal by humans creates an evolutionary trap for Amazonian freshwater turtles. J Zool (1987) 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Quintana
- Ecology Department Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - D. Norris
- School of Environmental Sciences Federal University of Amapá Macapá Brazil
- Postgraduate Programme in Tropical BiodiversityFederal University of Amapá Macapá Brazil
- Ecology and Conservation of Amazonian Vertebrates Research Group Federal University of Amapá Macapá Brazil
| | - A. Valerio
- Postgraduate Programme in Tropical BiodiversityFederal University of Amapá Macapá Brazil
- Ecology and Conservation of Amazonian Vertebrates Research Group Federal University of Amapá Macapá Brazil
| | - F. G. Becker
- Ecology Department Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - J. P. Gibbs
- Department of Forest and Environmental Biology State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry Syracuse NY USA
| | - F. Michalski
- Postgraduate Programme in Tropical BiodiversityFederal University of Amapá Macapá Brazil
- Ecology and Conservation of Amazonian Vertebrates Research Group Federal University of Amapá Macapá Brazil
- Instituto Pró‐Carnívoros Atibaia, São Paulo Brazil
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Mabelebele M, Manyelo T, Ngambi J, Norris D. PSV-22 Performance and Gut Morphology of Ross 308 Broiler Chickens Fed Low Tannin Sorghum Based Diets. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Mabelebele
- University of South Africa,Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - T Manyelo
- University of Limpopo,Sovenga, South Africia
| | - J Ngambi
- University of Limpopo,Sovenga, South Africia
| | - D Norris
- Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye Botswana,Palapye, Botswana
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Goldstein N, Pakieser J, Wright M, Caldwell C, Krug A, Koster M, Jones K, Gao B, Ward B, Venkataraman S, Lambert K, Shellman Y, Fujita M, Roop D, Norris D, Birlea S. 1187 Activation Of RHOJ signaling in human hair follicle bulge melanocytes is a key-factor In NBUVB induction of vitiligo repigmentation. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Caldwell C, Krug A, Goldstein N, Koster M, Ward B, Roop D, Norris D, Birlea S. 1250 Development of an ex vivo human skin explant model to examine candidate gene functions in the hair follicle and epidermis. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Mukherjee N, Strosnider A, Vagher B, Lambert K, Amato C, Robinson W, Norris D, Shellman Y. 1193 DRP1 Inhibition as an adjuvant for BH3 mimetics in melanoma. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mabelebele M, Norris D, Brown D, Ginindza MM, Ngambi JW. Breed and Sex Differences in the Gross Anatomy, Digesta pH and Histomorphology of the Gastrointestinal Tract of Gallus Gallus Domesticus. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2016-0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - D Norris
- University of Limpopo, South Africa
| | - D Brown
- University of Limpopo, South Africa
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Mukherjee N, Lambert K, Fujita M, Norris D, Shellman Y. 777 Pro-apoptotic protein BIM influences PD-L1 expression in melanoma. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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de Jong A, Jabbari A, Dai Z, Xing L, Lee D, Price V, Duvic M, Norris D, Hordinsky M, Mackay-Wiggan J, Clynes R, Christiano A. 052 Identification of pathogenic T cell subsets in human alopecia areata. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Mapeka MH, Ramukhithi FV, Pilane CM, Norris D, Banga C, Lehloenya KC. 17 SPERM FERTILITY RATE ASSESSED BY EMBRYO PRODUCTION IN VIVO AND IN VITRO IN SOUTH AFRICAN BULLS. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv29n1ab17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the sperm fertility rate by embryo production in vivo and in vitro in South African bulls and further compare the embryo quality developed from different oocyte recovery methods. A total of 15 frozen semen straws (5 Bonsmara; 5 Nguni; 5 Boran) were thawed and evaluated for sperm motility characteristics using sperm class analyzer. The fertilizing ability of frozen–thawed semen was assessed by performing AI and in vitro fertilization. For AI, 6 cows were superovulated and inseminated with frozen–thawed semen followed by flushing on Day 7 post-insemination and then evaluated for embryo developmental stages. For IVF, oocytes were retrieved using two recovery methods namely ovum pick-up (OPU) and ovary aspiration. A total of 383 (106, OPU; 277, ovary aspiration) oocytes were matured in M199 + 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) maturation medium at 38.5°C for 24h. Oocytes were washed in Bracket and Oliphant’s fertilization medium, co-incubated with frozen–thawed (Boran) semen at 38.5°C for 6 h, and then cultured in SOF-BSA medium, incubated at 38.5°C, 5% CO2 for 7 days, and further evaluated for embryo development. Data were analysed by ANOVA. Total sperm motility was >70% in all breeds. Boran had a significantly (P < 0.05) higher total post-thaw sperm motility (93.2 ± 3.6) compared with Nguni (75.1 ± 4.2) and Bonsmara (80.7 ± 6.9). Furthermore, Boran had higher (P < 0.05) progressive motility (39.7 ± 3.4) and rapid motility (36.1 ± 5.9) compared with other breeds. Interestingly, Boran produced significantly (P < 0.05) higher blastocyst rate (56.34%) compared with Bonsmara (38.03%) Nguni (31.08%). Superovulation and OPU resulted in a significantly higher (P < 0.05) number of blastocysts (10.5 ± 3.3 and 10.5 ± 3.3) respectively, compared with aspiration (1.3 ± 3.3). Moreover, the OPU method yielded a significantly higher (P < 0.05) number of grade 2 blastocyst (3.0 ± 0.1) compared with aspiration (0.50 ± 0.1). However, there was no significant (P > 0.05) difference in the number of grade 1 and grade 3 blastocysts obtained when the 3 recovery methods were used. In conclusion, the Boran breed showed better a sperm fertility rate following in vivo and in vitro embryo production. The superovulation and OPU methods resulted in higher numbers and better quality blastocysts compared with aspiration.
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Alabi O, Ng'ambi J, Norris D, Mbajiorgu E, Mabelebele M, Mbajiorgu C. Dietary Lysine Requirement for Optimal Productivity and Carcass Characteristics of Growing Indigenous Venda Chicken. ANIM NUTR FEED TECHN 2017. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-181x.2017.00015.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Matabane MB, Nethenzheni P, Thomas R, Norris D, Nephawe K, Tsatsimpe M, Nedambale TL. 24 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BOAR SPERM TRAITS AND FERTILITY RATE FOLLOWING ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION UNDER SMALLHOLDER PRODUCTION SYSTEMS. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv29n1ab24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The prediction of sperm fertility has a great economic importance to the pig breeding industry. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between boar sperm quality and fertility following artificial insemination (AI) under smallholder production systems. A total of 18 ejaculates were collected from 3 breeding boars using a hand-gloved technique. Aliquots of diluted semen were assessed for sperm motility using a computer aided sperm analysis before AI. Sperm viability was evaluated using Synthetic Binding CD-14 (SYBR-14+)/propidium iodide (PI–), whereas sperm morphology was evaluated using Eosin Nigrosin staining. Fluorescent microscope was used at 100× magnification to count 200 sperm per slide. The semen was extended with Beltsville Thawing Solution and contained 3 × 109 sperm/dose. A total of 73 multiparous sows were inseminated twice. Fertility was measured by conception rate, farrowing rate, litter size and number of piglets born alive following AI. Sperm quality and fertility data were analysed using one-way ANOVA. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to determine the relationship between sperm quality and fertility traits. The mean values for total sperm motility ranged from 93.5 to 96.8%. Progressive and rapid sperm motility differed significantly (P < 0.05) among the boars. However, no significant differences were found for sperm velocity traits. The mean values for morphologically normal sperm ranged from 47.8 to 60.9% and live sperm ranged from 71.8 to 77.2%, but did not differ significantly among the boars (P > 0.05). Conception rate from different boars varied (P < 0.05) from 63.6 to 93.3%. Of all fertility traits studied, conception rate was significantly related to total sperm motility rate (r = 0.34, P < 0.0029), progressive motility (r = 0.29, P < 0.0141) and rapid motility (r = 0.34, P < 0.0032), although relatively low. There was a low positive relationship between morphologically normal sperm and fertility traits (P > 0.05). In conclusion, total, progressive, and rapid sperm motility rate were the only sperm traits significantly related to conception rate. Conversely, litter size and number born alive were not correlated with sperm motility, viability, or morphology traits.
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Brown D, Ng’ambi J, Norris D, Mbajiorgu F. Blood profiles of indigenous Pedi goats fed varying levels of Vachellia karroo leaf meal in Setaria verticillata hay-based diet. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v46i4.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Evans CD, Malcolm IA, Shilland EM, Rose NL, Turner SD, Crilly A, Norris D, Granath G, Monteith DT. Sustained Biogeochemical Impacts of Wildfire in a Mountain Lake Catchment. Ecosystems 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-016-0064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hewitt DKL, Mills G, Hayes F, Norris D, Coyle M, Wilkinson S, Davies W. N-fixation in legumes--An assessment of the potential threat posed by ozone pollution. Environ Pollut 2016; 208:909-18. [PMID: 26385644 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The growth, development and functioning of legumes are often significantly affected by exposure to tropospheric ozone (O3) pollution. However, surprisingly little is known about how leguminous Nitrogen (N) fixation responds to ozone, with a scarcity of studies addressing this question in detail. In the last decade, ozone impacts on N-fixation in soybean, cowpea, mung bean, peanut and clover have been shown for concentrations which are now commonly recorded in ambient air or are likely to occur in the near future. We provide a synthesis of the existing literature addressing this issue, and also explore the effects that may occur on an agroecosystem scale by predicting reductions in Trifolium (clovers) root nodule biomass in United Kingdom (UK) pasture based on ozone concentration data for a "high" (2006) and "average" ozone year (2008). Median 8% and 5% reductions in clover root nodule biomass in pasture across the UK were predicted for 2006 and 2008 respectively. Seasonal exposure to elevated ozone, or short-term acute concentrations >100 ppb, are sufficient to reduce N-fixation and/or impact nodulation, in a range of globally-important legumes. However, an increasing global burden of CO2, the use of artificial fertiliser, and reactive N-pollution may partially mitigate impacts of ozone on N-fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K L Hewitt
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, UK; Lancaster University, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, Lancashire, LA1 4YQ, UK.
| | - G Mills
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, UK
| | - F Hayes
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, UK
| | - D Norris
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, UK
| | - M Coyle
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, UK
| | - S Wilkinson
- Lancaster University, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, Lancashire, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - W Davies
- Lancaster University, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, Lancashire, LA1 4YQ, UK
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Keynton J, Adams E, Riley K, Powles-Glover N, Shinohara K, Lucas J, Lackie P, Norris D. A novel form of PCD that impacts nodal, but not tracheal cilia. Cilia 2015. [PMCID: PMC4519062 DOI: 10.1186/2046-2530-4-s1-o15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Naeemasa M, Qotbi AA, Seidavi A, Norris D, Brown D, Ginindza M. Effects of coriander ( Coriandrum sativum L.) seed powder and extract on performance of broiler chickens. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v45i4.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Tsai C, Patel K, Vincent A, Verzosa N, Norris D, Tillis W, Hafner J. 253 Electronic Best Practice Advisories' Effectiveness in Detecting Sepsis in the Emergency Department. Ann Emerg Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.07.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Leordean D, Grimes D, Keynton J, Maier J, Harfe B, Benson M, Gray A, Bhattacharya S, Norris D. FOXA2 controls Pkd1l1 expression in the mouse node during left-right determination. Cilia 2015. [PMCID: PMC4519122 DOI: 10.1186/2046-2530-4-s1-p37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Alabi OJ, Ng'ambi JW, Mbajiorgu EF, Norris D, Mabelebele M. Growth and haematological response of indigenous Venda chickens aged 8 to 13 weeks to varying dietary lysine to energy ratios. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2014; 99:436-41. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. J. Alabi
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production; University of Limpopo; Sovenga South Africa
| | - J. W. Ng'ambi
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production; University of Limpopo; Sovenga South Africa
| | - E. F. Mbajiorgu
- Department of Anatomical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - D. Norris
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production; University of Limpopo; Sovenga South Africa
| | - M. Mabelebele
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production; University of Limpopo; Sovenga South Africa
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Finkel R, Day J, Chiriboga C, Vasjar J, Cook D, Watson K, Paulose S, McMillian L, Cruz R, Montes J, Vivo DD, Yamashita M, McGuire D, Alexander K, Norris D, Bennett C, Bishop K. G.O.17. Neuromuscul Disord 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2014.06.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Darras B, Chiriboga C, Swoboda K, Iannaccone S, Montes J, Castro D, Holuba N, Raush N, Visyak N, Dunaway S, Trussell D, Pasternak A, Neilson L, Vivo DD, McGuire D, Norris D, Alexander K, Bennett C, Bishop K. G.O.18. Neuromuscul Disord 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2014.06.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Cooper DM, Evans CD, Norris D, Thacker S, Pereira MG. Application of a simple multiplicative spatio-temporal stream water quality model to the river Conwy, North Wales. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2014; 16:1600-1607. [PMID: 24509947 DOI: 10.1039/c3em00627a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We use a simple multiplicative spatio-temporal model to describe variability in a sequence of water quality monitoring data from headwater streams in the Conwy catchment, North Wales. The spatial component of the model treats concentrations as due to simple mixing of a small number of distinct source types, each associated with particular upstream catchment characteristics. The temporal component allows concentration variability due to seasonal or hydrological change. We apply the model using three candidate catchment characteristic classifications to generate mixing concentrations, and a seasonal component to describe temporal variability, and test a range of sub-models. We identify a cross-classification of soil and land cover as providing the best spatial indicator of water quality of the classifications considered. The spatial model based on a selected grouped cross-classification was shown to account for between 35% and 90% of the spatial variability and the seasonal model accounted for between 45% and 100% of the temporal variability in the data. Analysis of residuals showed an inverse relationship between DOC and sulphate and between hydrogen ion concentration and calcium and magnesium. We also found residual correlations between sites which are strongly related to landscape class. These are attributed to landscape class by time interactions which are not accounted for in the simple multiplicative model.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Cooper
- CEH Bangor, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, LL57 2UW, UK.
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Ng’ambi JW, Thamaga MW, Norris D, Mabelebele M, Alabi OJ. Effects of egg weight on hatchability, chick hatch-weight and subsequent productivity of indigenous Venda chickens in Polokwane, South Africa. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v43i5.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Maiwashe A, Nengovhela NB, Nephawe KA, Sebei J, Netshilema T, Mashaba HD, Nesengani L, Norris D. Estimates of lactation curve parameters for Bonsmara and Nguni cattle using the weigh-suckle-weigh technique. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v43i5.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Alabi OJ, Ng’ambi JW, Norris D. Dietary energy level for optimum productivity and carcass characteristics of indigenous Venda chickens raised in closed confinement. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v43i5.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Mabelebele M, Alabi O, Ng`ambi J, Norris D, Ginindza M. Comparison of Gastrointestinal Tracts and pH Values of Digestive Organs
of Ross 308 Broiler and Indigenous Venda Chickens Fed the Same Diet. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2014.71.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ross J, Sharma S, Winston J, Nunez M, Bottini G, Franceschi M, Scarpini E, Frigerio E, Fiorentini F, Fernandez M, Sivilia S, Giardin L, Calzà L, Norris D, Cicirello H, Casula D, Imbimbo B. CHF5074 Reduces Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A 12-Week, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Curr Alzheimer Res 2013:CAR-EPUB-54900. [PMID: 23952019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
As neuroinflammation is an early event in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, new selective anti-inflammatory drugs could lead to promising preventive strategies. We evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of CHF5074, a new microglial modulator, in a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel groups, ascending dose study involving 96 MCI patients. Subjects were allocated into three successive study cohorts to receive ascending, titrated doses of CHF5074 (200, 400 or 600 mg/day) or placebo. Vital signs, cardiac safety, neuropsychological performance and safety clinical laboratory parameters were assessed on all subjects. Plasma samples were collected throughout the study for measuring drug concentrations, soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) and TNF-α. At the end of treatment, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were optionally collected after the last dose to measure drug levels, β-amyloid1-42 (Aβ42), tau, phospho-tau181, sCD40L and TNF-α. Ten patients did not complete the study: one in the placebo group (consent withdrawn), two in the 200-mg/day treatment group (consent withdrawn and unable to comply) and seven in the 400-mg/day treatment group (five AEs, one consent withdrawn and one unable to comply). The most frequent treatment-emergent adverse events were diarrhea, dizziness and back pain. There were no clinically significant treatment-related clinical laboratory, vital sign or ECG abnormalities. CHF5074 total body clearance depended by gender, age and glomerular filtration rate. CHF5074 CSF concentrations increased in a dose-dependent manner. At the end of treatment, mean sCD40L and TNF-α levels in CSF were found to be inversely related to the CHF5074 dose (p=0.037 and p=0.001, respectively). Plasma levels of sCD40L in the 600-mg/day group were significantly lower than those measured in the placebo group (p=0.010). No significant differences between treatment groups were found in neuropsychological tests but a positive dose-response trend was found on executive function in APOE4 carriers. This study shows that CHF5074 is well tolerated in MCI patients after a 12-week titrated treatment up to 600 mg/day and dose-dependently affects central nervous system biomarkers of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ross
- Memory Enhancement Center of America, 4 Industrial Way West, Eatontown, NJ 07724, USA
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Alabi O, Ng`ambi J, Norris D, Mabelebele M. Effect of Egg Weight on Hatchability and Subsequent Performance of Potchefstroom Koekoek Chicks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2012.718.725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Miller T, Smith R, Pestronk A, David W, Rothstein J, Simpson E, Andres P, Mahoney K, Allred P, Alexander K, Bishop K, Schoenfeld D, Macklin E, Norris D, Bennett C, Cudkowicz M. Results of a Phase 1, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalation Study of the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of ISIS 333611 Administered Intrathecally to Patients with Familial ALS Due to SOD1 Gene Mutations (S25.001). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.s25.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Alabi O, Ng`ambi J, Norris D, Egena S. Comparative Study of Three Indigenous Chicken Breeds of South Africa: Body Weight and Linear Body Measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/aj.2012.220.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Selapa NW, Nephawe KA, Maiwashe A, Norris D. Genetic analysis of body weights of individually fed beef bulls in South Africa using random regression models. Genet Mol Res 2012; 11:271-6. [PMID: 22370929 DOI: 10.4238/2012.february.8.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for body weights of individually fed beef bulls measured at centralized testing stations in South Africa using random regression models. Weekly body weights of Bonsmara bulls (N = 2919) tested between 1999 and 2003 were available for the analyses. The model included a fixed regression of the body weights on fourth-order orthogonal Legendre polynomials of the actual days on test (7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 77, and 84) for starting age and contemporary group effects. Random regressions on fourth-order orthogonal Legendre polynomials of the actual days on test were included for additive genetic effects and additional uncorrelated random effects of the weaning-herd-year and the permanent environment of the animal. Residual effects were assumed to be independently distributed with heterogeneous variance for each test day. Variance ratios for additive genetic, permanent environment and weaning-herd-year for weekly body weights at different test days ranged from 0.26 to 0.29, 0.37 to 0.44 and 0.26 to 0.34, respectively. The weaning-herd-year was found to have a significant effect on the variation of body weights of bulls despite a 28-day adjustment period. Genetic correlations amongst body weights at different test days were high, ranging from 0.89 to 1.00. Heritability estimates were comparable to literature using multivariate models. Therefore, random regression model could be applied in the genetic evaluation of body weight of individually fed beef bulls in South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- N W Selapa
- Animal Production Institute, Agricultural Research Council, Irene, South Africa.
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Seroba MM, Maiwashe A, Nephawe KA, Norris D. Genetic parameter estimates for live animal ultrasound measures of carcass traits in South African Angus cattle. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2011. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v41i3.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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