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Chételat J, Hickey MBC, Poulain AJ, Dastoor A, Ryjkov A, McAlpine D, Vanderwolf K, Jung TS, Hale L, Cooke ELL, Hobson D, Jonasson K, Kaupas L, McCarthy S, McClelland C, Morningstar D, Norquay KJO, Novy R, Player D, Redford T, Simard A, Stamler S, Webber QMR, Yumvihoze E, Zanuttig M. Spatial variation of mercury bioaccumulation in bats of Canada linked to atmospheric mercury deposition. Sci Total Environ 2018; 626:668-677. [PMID: 29396333 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Wildlife are exposed to neurotoxic mercury at locations distant from anthropogenic emission sources because of long-range atmospheric transport of this metal. In this study, mercury bioaccumulation in insectivorous bat species (Mammalia: Chiroptera) was investigated on a broad geographic scale in Canada. Fur was analyzed (n=1178) for total mercury from 43 locations spanning 20° latitude and 77° longitude. Total mercury and methylmercury concentrations in fur were positively correlated with concentrations in internal tissues (brain, liver, kidney) for a small subset (n=21) of little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) and big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus), validating the use of fur to indicate internal mercury exposure. Brain methylmercury concentrations were approximately 10% of total mercury concentrations in fur. Three bat species were mainly collected (little brown bats, big brown bats, and northern long-eared bats [M. septentrionalis]), with little brown bats having lower total mercury concentrations in their fur than the other two species at sites where both species were sampled. On average, juvenile bats had lower total mercury concentrations than adults but no differences were found between males and females of a species. Combining our dataset with previously published data for eastern Canada, median total mercury concentrations in fur of little brown bats ranged from 0.88-12.78μg/g among 11 provinces and territories. Highest concentrations were found in eastern Canada where bats are most endangered from introduced disease. Model estimates of atmospheric mercury deposition indicated that eastern Canada was exposed to greater mercury deposition than central and western sites. Further, mean total mercury concentrations in fur of adult little brown bats were positively correlated with site-specific estimates of atmospheric mercury deposition. This study provides the largest geographic coverage of mercury measurements in bats to date and indicates that atmospheric mercury deposition is important in determining spatial patterns of mercury accumulation in a mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Chételat
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3, Canada.
| | | | - Alexandre J Poulain
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Ashu Dastoor
- Air Quality Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, Quebec H9P 1J3, Canada
| | - Andrei Ryjkov
- Air Quality Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, Quebec H9P 1J3, Canada
| | - Donald McAlpine
- New Brunswick Museum, Saint John, New Brunswick E2K 1E5, Canada
| | - Karen Vanderwolf
- New Brunswick Museum, Saint John, New Brunswick E2K 1E5, Canada; Canadian Wildlife Federation, Kanata, Ontario K2M 2W1, Canada
| | - Thomas S Jung
- Yukon Department of Environment, Whitehorse, Yukon Territory Y1A 2C6, Canada
| | - Lesley Hale
- Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources & Forestry, Peterborough, Ontario K9J 8M5, Canada
| | - Emma L L Cooke
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Dave Hobson
- Alberta Environment and Parks, Edson, Alberta T7E 1T2, Canada
| | - Kristin Jonasson
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Laura Kaupas
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Sara McCarthy
- Wildlife Division, Fisheries and Land Resources, Goose Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador A0P 1E0, Canada
| | - Christine McClelland
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3, Canada
| | | | - Kaleigh J O Norquay
- Department of Biology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B 2G3, Canada
| | - Richard Novy
- Golder Associates Ltd., Calgary, Alberta T2A 7W5, Canada
| | | | - Tony Redford
- Animal Health Centre, BC Ministry of Agriculture, Abbotsford, British Columbia V3G 2M3, Canada
| | - Anouk Simard
- Direction de l'expertise sur la faune terrestre, l'herpétofaune et l'avifaune, Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs, Québec, Quebec G1S 4X4, Canada
| | - Samantha Stamler
- Alberta Environment and Parks, Edmonton, Alberta T6H 4P2, Canada
| | - Quinn M R Webber
- Department of Biology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B 2G3, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Yumvihoze
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Michelle Zanuttig
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3, Canada
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Telfer AC, Young MR, Quinn J, Perez K, Sobel CN, Sones JE, Levesque-Beaudin V, Derbyshire R, Fernandez-Triana J, Rougerie R, Thevanayagam A, Boskovic A, Borisenko AV, Cadel A, Brown A, Pages A, Castillo AH, Nicolai A, Glenn Mockford BM, Bukowski B, Wilson B, Trojahn B, Lacroix CA, Brimblecombe C, Hay C, Ho C, Steinke C, Warne CP, Garrido Cortes C, Engelking D, Wright D, Lijtmaer DA, Gascoigne D, Hernandez Martich D, Morningstar D, Neumann D, Steinke D, Marco DeBruin DD, Dobias D, Sears E, Richard E, Damstra E, Zakharov EV, Laberge F, Collins GE, Blagoev GA, Grainge G, Ansell G, Meredith G, Hogg I, McKeown J, Topan J, Bracey J, Guenther J, Sills-Gilligan J, Addesi J, Persi J, Layton KKS, D'Souza K, Dorji K, Grundy K, Nghidinwa K, Ronnenberg K, Lee KM, Xie L, Lu L, Penev L, Gonzalez M, Rosati ME, Kekkonen M, Kuzmina M, Iskandar M, Mutanen M, Fatahi M, Pentinsaari M, Bauman M, Nikolova N, Ivanova NV, Jones N, Weerasuriya N, Monkhouse N, Lavinia PD, Jannetta P, Hanisch PE, McMullin RT, Ojeda Flores R, Mouttet R, Vender R, Labbee RN, Forsyth R, Lauder R, Dickson R, Kroft R, Miller SE, MacDonald S, Panthi S, Pedersen S, Sobek-Swant S, Naik S, Lipinskaya T, Eagalle T, Decaëns T, Kosuth T, Braukmann T, Woodcock T, Roslin T, Zammit T, Campbell V, Dinca V, Peneva V, Hebert PDN, deWaard JR. Biodiversity inventories in high gear: DNA barcoding facilitates a rapid biotic survey of a temperate nature reserve. Biodivers Data J 2015; 3:e6313. [PMID: 26379469 PMCID: PMC4568406 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.3.e6313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comprehensive biotic surveys, or 'all taxon biodiversity inventories' (ATBI), have traditionally been limited in scale or scope due to the complications surrounding specimen sorting and species identification. To circumvent these issues, several ATBI projects have successfully integrated DNA barcoding into their identification procedures and witnessed acceleration in their surveys and subsequent increase in project scope and scale. The Biodiversity Institute of Ontario partnered with the rare Charitable Research Reserve and delegates of the 6th International Barcode of Life Conference to complete its own rapid, barcode-assisted ATBI of an established land trust in Cambridge, Ontario, Canada. NEW INFORMATION The existing species inventory for the rare Charitable Research Reserve was rapidly expanded by integrating a DNA barcoding workflow with two surveying strategies - a comprehensive sampling scheme over four months, followed by a one-day bioblitz involving international taxonomic experts. The two surveys resulted in 25,287 and 3,502 specimens barcoded, respectively, as well as 127 human observations. This barcoded material, all vouchered at the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario collection, covers 14 phyla, 29 classes, 117 orders, and 531 families of animals, plants, fungi, and lichens. Overall, the ATBI documented 1,102 new species records for the nature reserve, expanding the existing long-term inventory by 49%. In addition, 2,793 distinct Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) were assigned to genus or higher level taxonomy, and represent additional species that will be added once their taxonomy is resolved. For the 3,502 specimens, the collection, sequence analysis, taxonomic assignment, data release and manuscript submission by 100+ co-authors all occurred in less than one week. This demonstrates the speed at which barcode-assisted inventories can be completed and the utility that barcoding provides in minimizing and guiding valuable taxonomic specialist time. The final product is more than a comprehensive biotic inventory - it is also a rich dataset of fine-scale occurrence and sequence data, all archived and cross-linked in the major biodiversity data repositories. This model of rapid generation and dissemination of essential biodiversity data could be followed to conduct regional assessments of biodiversity status and change, and potentially be employed for evaluating progress towards the Aichi Targets of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jenna Quinn
- rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada
| | - Kate Perez
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alex Cadel
- University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | | | - Anais Pages
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | - Belén Bukowski
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Bill Wilson
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Christmas Ho
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dario A Lijtmaer
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - David Gascoigne
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | | | | | - Dirk Neumann
- SNSB, Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk Steinke
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Emily Damstra
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Gerrie Grainge
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | | | | | - Ian Hogg
- University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | | | - Janet Topan
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
| | - Jason Bracey
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | - Jerry Guenther
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | | | | | - Joshua Persi
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Kevin Grundy
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | - Kirsti Nghidinwa
- Ministry of Environment and Tourism in Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia
| | | | | | - Linxi Xie
- The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Liuqiong Lu
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
| | | | - Mailyn Gonzalez
- Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Margaret E Rosati
- Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Miriam Bauman
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pablo D Lavinia
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Priscila E Hanisch
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Raphaëlle Mouttet
- ANSES, Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Montferrier sur Lez, France
| | - Reid Vender
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Ross Dickson
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | - Ruth Kroft
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | - Scott E Miller
- Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, United States of America
| | | | - Sishir Panthi
- Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | | | - Suresh Naik
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
| | - Tatsiana Lipinskaya
- Scientific and Practical Center for Bioresources, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | | | - Thibaud Decaëns
- Université de Montpellier Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Tom Woodcock
- rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada
| | - Tomas Roslin
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tony Zammit
- Grand River Conservation Authority, Cambridge, Canada
| | | | - Vlad Dinca
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
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