1
|
Shea B, Pardo JP, Grosskleg S, Beaton DE, Conaghan P, Goettsch W, Hofstetter C, Maxwell L, Musaus J, Ollendorf D, Schultz G, Stevens R, Strand V, Tugwell P, Williamson P, Tunis S, Simon LS. Increasing uptake through collaboration in the development of core outcome sets: Lessons learned at OMERACT 2023. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2024; 66:152438. [PMID: 38555726 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2024.152438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This manuscript highlights the importance of enhancing the uptake of Core Outcome Sets (COS) by building partnerships with Collaborators and addressing their needs in COS development. METHODS AND SETTING This session was structured as a simulation, resembling a format akin to a classic television game show. The moderator posed a series of questions to eight different Collaborator groups who briefly described the importance of COS within their areas of interest. Previous studies examining the uptake of individual core outcomes revealed disparities in uptake rates. The Identified barriers to the uptake of COS include the lack of recommendations for validated instruments for each domain, insufficient involvement of patients and key Collaborator groups in COS development, and a lack of awareness regarding the existence of COS. CONCLUSIONS This analysis underscores the need for COS development approaches that prioritize the inclusion of patients and diverse Collaborator groups at every stage. While current studies on COS uptake are limited, future research should explore the broader implementation of COS across diverse disease categories and delve into the factors that hinder or facilitate their uptake such as, the importance of COS developers extending their work to recommending domains with well validated instruments. Embracing patient leadership and multifaceted engagement is essential for advancing the relevance and impact of COS in clinical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beverley Shea
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada; Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; University of Ottawa, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Jordi Pardo Pardo
- Centre for Practice Changing Research and Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Institute for Work & Health, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Philip Conaghan
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, NIHR, UK
| | - Wim Goettsch
- HTA, National Health Care Institute & HTA of Pharmaceuticals, WHO Collaborating Centre of Pharmaceutical Policy and Regulation, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Diemen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Lara Maxwell
- Centre for Practice Changing Research and Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Daniel Ollendorf
- Value Measurement & Global Health Initiatives Center for the Evaluation of Value and Risk in Health Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, UK
| | | | | | - Vibeke Strand
- Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Peter Tugwell
- University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada; Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Paula Williamson
- MRC-NIHR Trials Methodology Research Partnership, Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maxwell LJ, Jones C, Bingham CO, Boers M, Boonen A, Choy E, Christensen R, Conaghan PG, D'Agostino MA, Doria AS, Grosskleg S, Hill CL, Hofstetter C, Horgan B, Kroon F, Leung YY, Mackie S, Meara A, Shea BJ, Simon LS, Touma Z, Tugwell P, Wells GA, Beaton DE. Defining domains: developing consensus-based definitions for foundational domains in OMERACT core outcome sets. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2024; 66:152423. [PMID: 38460282 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2024.152423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a set of detailed definitions for foundational domains commonly used in OMERACT (Outcome Measures in Rheumatology) core domain sets. METHODS We identified candidate domain definitions from prior OMERACT publications and websites and publications of major organizations involved in outcomes research for six domains commonly used in OMERACT Core Domain Sets: pain intensity, pain interference, physical function, fatigue, patient global assessment, and health-related quality of life. We conducted a two-round survey of OMERACT working groups, patient research partners, and then the OMERACT Technical Advisory Group to establish their preferred domain definitions. Results were presented at the OMERACT 2023 Methodology Workshop, where participants discussed their relevant lived experience and identified potential sources of variability giving the needed detail in our domain definitions. RESULTS One-hundred four people responded to both rounds of the survey, and a preferred definition was established for each of the domains except for patient global assessment for which no agreement was reached. Seventy-five participants at the OMERACT 2023 Methodology Workshop provided lived experience examples, which were used to contextualise domain definition reports for each of the five domains. CONCLUSION Using a consensus-based approach, we have created a detailed definition for five of the foundational domains in OMERACT core domain sets; patient global assessment requires further research. These definitions, although not mandatory for working groups to use, may facilitate the initial domain-match assessment step of instrument selection, and reduce the time and resources required by future OMERACT groups when developing core outcome sets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara J Maxwell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice Changing Research, 501 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
| | - Caitlin Jones
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
| | - Clifton O Bingham
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - Maarten Boers
- Emeritus Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annelies Boonen
- Professor of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht; Care and Public Health Research Institute Caphri, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ernest Choy
- Professor of Rheumatology, CREATE Centre, Section of Rheumatology, Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, UK
| | - Robin Christensen
- Professor of Biostatistics, Section for Biostatistics and Evidence-Based Research, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, & Research Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Philip G Conaghan
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, UK
| | - Maria Antonietta D'Agostino
- Professor of Rheumatology, Rheumatology Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea S Doria
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Catherine L Hill
- Rheumatology Unit, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, Australia; Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | | | - Féline Kroon
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden; Rheumatology, Zuyderland Medical Centre Heerlen, Heerlen, the Netherlands
| | - Ying Ying Leung
- Singapore General Hospital, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Sarah Mackie
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Alexa Meara
- Assistant Professor, Division of Rheumatology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Beverley J Shea
- Clinical Scientist, Bruyère Research Institute, Senior Methodologist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Adjunct Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Zahi Touma
- Associate Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital Lupus Clinic, Toronto, Canada
| | - Peter Tugwell
- Professor, University of Ottawa, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada; Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Canada; University of Ottawa, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada; WHO Collaborating Centre for Knowledge Translation and Health Technology Assessment in Health Equity, Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - George A Wells
- Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada; Professor, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Canada; Professor, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Senior Scientist, Institute for Work & Health; Associate Professor, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Queiroga F, Cembalo SM, Epstein J, Maxwell L, Buttel T, Copenhaver C, Cross M, Hunter D, King L, Callahan L, March L, Beaton DE, Guillemin F. Assessing domain match and feasibility of candidate instruments matching with OMERACT endorsed domains to measure flare in knee and hip osteoarthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2024; 65:152371. [PMID: 38340607 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2024.152371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the domain match (truth) and feasibility of candidate instruments assessing flare in knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA) according to the identified domains. MATERIAL AND METHODS From a literature review (575 papers), instruments were selected and evaluated using the truth and feasibility elements of the OMERACT Filter 2.2. These were evaluated by 26 experts, including patients, in two Delphi survey rounds. The final selection was obtained by a vote. RESULTS 44 instruments were identified. In Delphi Round 1, five instruments were selected. In Round 2, all instruments obtained at least 75 % in terms of content match with the endorsed domains and feasibility. In the final selection, the Flare-OA questionnaire obtained 100 % favorable votes. CONCLUSION Through consensus of the working group, the Flare-OA questionnaire was selected as the best candidate instrument to move into a full assessment of its measurement properties using the OMERACT Filter 2.2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Queiroga
- Université de Lorraine, Grand Est Region, France.
| | | | - J Epstein
- Université de Lorraine, Grand Est Region, France
| | - L Maxwell
- University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Buttel
- University of Sidney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - M Cross
- University of Sidney, Sydney, Australia
| | - D Hunter
- University of Sidney, Sydney, Australia
| | - L King
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - L Callahan
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - L March
- University of Sidney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - F Guillemin
- Université de Lorraine, Grand Est Region, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dobrowolski C, McGinley J, Fazzari M, Su J, Bingham KS, Anderson N, Ruttan L, Beaton DE, Wither JE, Tartaglia MC, Kakvan M, Bonilla D, Choi MY, Fritzler MJ, Diaz Martinez JP, Katz P, Green R, Putterman C, Touma Z. Association of mycophenolate and azathioprine use with cognitive function in systemic lupus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:1860-1869. [PMID: 36135792 PMCID: PMC10152298 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cognitive dysfunction (CD) is a common manifestation of SLE that can have detrimental consequences for those affected. To date, no treatments have been approved for SLE-CD. This study aims to assess the association of azathioprine (AZA) and mycophenolate (MMF) use with SLE-CD, given that these medications have demonstrated neuroprotective qualities in prior studies. METHODS Consecutive adult SLE patients presenting to a single healthcare center were considered for participation. The ACR neuropsychological battery for SLE was administered to consenting patients at 0, 6 and 12 months. Scores were compared with age- and sex-matched controls. Primary outcome was CD, defined as a z-score ≤-1.5 in two or more cognitive domains. Mixed-effects logistic regression models were constructed to estimate the odds of CD with respect to AZA and MMF use. RESULTS A total of 300 participants representing 676 patient visits completed the study; 114 (38%) met criteria for CD at baseline. The cumulative AZA dose (g/kg) was associated with reduced odds of CD [odds ratio (OR) 0.76 (95% CI 0.58, 0.98), P = 0.04]. Years of AZA treatment was also associated with reduced odds of CD [OR 0.72 (95% CI 0.54, 0.97), P = 0.03]. MMF use was not associated with CD. CONCLUSION AZA use was associated with significantly lower odds of SLE-CD, while MMF use was not. Additional studies are warranted to further investigate the relationship of AZA and SLE-CD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chrisanna Dobrowolski
- Division of Rheumatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - John McGinley
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Melissa Fazzari
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jiandong Su
- University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kathleen S Bingham
- Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nicole Anderson
- University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lesley Ruttan
- University Health Network-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Institute for Work and Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joan E Wither
- University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Mahta Kakvan
- University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dennisse Bonilla
- University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - May Y Choi
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Marvin J Fritzler
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Juan Pablo Diaz Martinez
- University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patricia Katz
- University of California, San Francisco, Novato, CA, USA
| | - Robin Green
- University Health Network-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chaim Putterman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein School of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Azrieli School of Medicine, Safed, Israel
- Galillee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Zahi Touma
- University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gignac MAM, Bowring J, Tonima S, Franche RL, Thompson A, Jetha A, Smith PM, Macdermid JC, Shaw WS, Van Eerd D, Beaton DE, Irvin E, Tompa E, Saunders R. A Sensibility Assessment of the Job Demands and Accommodation Planning Tool (JDAPT): A Tool to Help Workers with an Episodic Disability Plan Workplace Support. J Occup Rehabil 2023; 33:145-159. [PMID: 35835885 PMCID: PMC9282615 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-022-10057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Sensibility refers to a tool's comprehensiveness, understandability, relevance, feasibility, and length. It is used in the early development phase to begin assessing a new tool or intervention. This study examined the sensibility of the job demands and accommodation planning tool (JDAPT). The JDAPT identifies job demands related to physical, cognitive, interpersonal, and working conditions to better target strategies for workplace supports and accommodations aimed at assisting individuals with chronic health conditions. Methods Workers with a chronic health condition and workplace representatives were recruited from health charities, workplaces, and newsletters using convenience sampling. Cognitive interviews assessed the JDAPT's sensibility. A 70% endorsement rate was the minimum level of acceptability for sensibility concepts. A short screening tool also was administered, and answers compared to the complete JDAPT. Results Participants were 46 workers and 23 organizational representatives (n = 69). Endorsements highly exceeded the 70% cut-off for understandability, relevance, and length. Congruence between screening questions and the complete JDAPT suggested both workers and organizational representatives overlooked job demands when completing the screener. Participants provided additional examples and three new items to improve comprehensiveness. The JDAPT was rated highly relevant and useful, although not always easy to complete for someone with an episodic condition. Conclusions This study highlights the need for tools that facilitate accommodations for workers with episodic disabilities and provides early evidence for the sensibility of the JDAPT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monique A M Gignac
- Institute for Work and Health, 400 University Avenue, Suite 1800, Toronto, ON, M5G 1S5, Canada.
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Julie Bowring
- Institute for Work and Health, 400 University Avenue, Suite 1800, Toronto, ON, M5G 1S5, Canada
| | - Sabrina Tonima
- Institute for Work and Health, 400 University Avenue, Suite 1800, Toronto, ON, M5G 1S5, Canada
| | | | - Aaron Thompson
- Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arif Jetha
- Institute for Work and Health, 400 University Avenue, Suite 1800, Toronto, ON, M5G 1S5, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter M Smith
- Institute for Work and Health, 400 University Avenue, Suite 1800, Toronto, ON, M5G 1S5, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joy C Macdermid
- School of Physical Therapy, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - William S Shaw
- Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Dwayne Van Eerd
- Institute for Work and Health, 400 University Avenue, Suite 1800, Toronto, ON, M5G 1S5, Canada
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Institute for Work and Health, 400 University Avenue, Suite 1800, Toronto, ON, M5G 1S5, Canada
| | - Emma Irvin
- Institute for Work and Health, 400 University Avenue, Suite 1800, Toronto, ON, M5G 1S5, Canada
| | - Emile Tompa
- Institute for Work and Health, 400 University Avenue, Suite 1800, Toronto, ON, M5G 1S5, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ron Saunders
- Institute for Work and Health, 400 University Avenue, Suite 1800, Toronto, ON, M5G 1S5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tayer-Shifman OE, Yuen K, Green R, Kakvan M, Katz P, Bingham KS, Diaz-Martinez JP, Ruttan L, Wither JE, Tartaglia MC, Su J, Bonilla D, Choi MY, Appenzeller S, Barraclough M, Beaton DE, Touma Z. Assessing the Utility of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2023; 75:569-577. [PMID: 35724303 DOI: 10.1002/acr.24971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Screening for cognitive impairment (CI) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) relies on the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) neuropsychological battery (NB). By studying the concurrent criterion validity, our goal was to assess the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) as a screening tool for CI compared to the ACR-NB and to evaluate the added value of the MoCA to the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM). METHODS A total of 285 adult SLE patients were administered the ACR-NB, MoCA, and ANAM. For the ACR-NB, patients were classified as having CI if there was a Z score of ≤-1.5 in ≥2 domains. The area under the curve (AUC) and sensitivities/specificities were determined. A discriminant function analysis was applied to assess the ability of the MoCA to differentiate between CI, undetermined CI, and non-CI patients. RESULTS CI was not accurately identified by the MoCA compared to the ACR-NB (AUC of 0.66). Sensitivity and specificity were poor at 50% and 69%, respectively, for the cutoff of 26, and 80% and 45%, respectively, for the cutoff of 28. The MoCA had a low ability to identify CI status. The addition of the MoCA to the ANAM led to improvement on the AUC by only 2.5%. CONCLUSION The MoCA does not have adequate concurrent criterion validity to accurately identify CI in patients with SLE. The low specificity of the MoCA may lead to overdiagnosis and concern among patients. Adding the MoCA to the ANAM does not substantially improve the accuracy of the ANAM. These results do not support using the MoCA as a screening tool for CI in patients with SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oshrat E Tayer-Shifman
- Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Kimberley Yuen
- Toronto Western Hospital and University Health Network, Toronto, and Queen's University School of Medicine, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robin Green
- University Health Network-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mahta Kakvan
- Toronto Western Hospital and Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Kathleen S Bingham
- University Health Network Centre for Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Juan Pablo Diaz-Martinez
- Toronto Western Hospital and Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lesley Ruttan
- University Health Network-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joan E Wither
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute and University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Jiandong Su
- Toronto Western Hospital and Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dennisse Bonilla
- Toronto Western Hospital and Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - May Y Choi
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Michelle Barraclough
- Toronto Western Hospital and Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Zahi Touma
- Toronto Western Hospital, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wells GA, Tugwell P, Tomasson G, Guillemin F, Maxwell LJ, Shea BJ, Grosskleg S, Merkel PA, March L, Beaton DE. Composite outcomes at OMERACT: Multi-outcome domains and composite outcome domains. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2021; 51:1370-1377. [PMID: 34863558 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The OMERACT Technical Advisory Group recognises that working groups during the process of creating a core outcome set may identify an outcome domain that would be best represented as a composite that encapsulates these component outcome domains by bringing them together into a single outcome. A multi-outcome domain (MOD) is a within-patient combination of component outcomes, and an individual patient's evaluation depends on the observation of all of the components in that patient with a single overall rating determined according to a specified rule; which is often applicable when we consider a disease activity score. A composite outcome domain (COD) consists of a number of component outcomes and is defined as the occurrence in a patient of one, some or all of these specified components; which is often applicable when we consider the risk of adverse events or remission criteria. We review the general benefits, challenges, reporting and interpretation of using MODs and CODs. The development of the MOD or COD instrument for an OMERACT core outcome measurement set is considered through four distinct steps: choosing relevant outcome domains; finding high quality instruments for each of these outcome domains; weighting the outcome domain instruments in the MOD/COD instrument; and putting MOD/COD instrument through the OMERACT Filter. Guidance and training are in preparation for working groups who will be completing the OMERACT Instrument Selection Algorithm (OFISA). As for other initiatives in OMERACT, we will seek feedback from OMERACT working groups who complete the development of their MOD/COD, which will then be incorporated into the refinement of the guidance and training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George A Wells
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Peter Tugwell
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Gunnar Tomasson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik Iceland, Department of rheumatology, University Hospital, Iceland
| | | | - Lara J Maxwell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Beverley J Shea
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa Canada
| | | | - Peter A Merkel
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney and the Royal North Shore Hospital, Australia
| | - Lyn March
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, United States
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kroon FPB, van der Heijde D, Maxwell LJ, Beaton DE, Abishek A, Berenbaum F, Blanco FJ, Conaghan PG, Dziedzic K, Hill CL, Haugen IK, Ishimori M, Ritschl V, Stamm TA, Wittoek R, Kloppenburg M. Core outcome measurement instrument selection for physical function in hand osteoarthritis using the OMERACT Filter 2.1 process. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2021; 51:1311-1319. [PMID: 34538514 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Physical function is one of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) core outcome domains for hand osteoarthritis studies. Our aim was to select appropriate instrument(s) to measure this domain, as part of the development of a core outcome measurement set. METHODS Following the OMERACT Filter 2.1 instrument selection process, the (function subscale of) the Australian/Canadian Hand Osteoarthritis Index (AUSCAN), Functional Index for Hand Osteoarthritis (FIHOA) and Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (MHQ) were assessed for domain match, feasibility, truth and discrimination. Data gathered from available literature, working group and patient surveys, and additional analyses in two hand osteoarthritis cohorts were used to inform a consensus process. Results were summarized in Summary of Measurements Properties tables and reviewed by the OMERACT technical advisory group. RESULTS MHQ passed the assessment of domain match and feasibility by the working group and patient research partners. For AUSCAN important limitations in feasibility were noted, but domain match was good. FIHOA did not pass the assessment and was not taken through the follow-up assessment. Based on published literature, reliability and construct/longitudinal validity of both MHQ and AUSCAN fulfilled OMERACT standards. While clinical trial discrimination and thresholds of meaning were good for AUSCAN, results for MHQ were ambiguous. CONCLUSION MHQ was provisionally endorsed as OMERACT core outcome measure for the core domain physical function. While AUSCAN may have better metric properties than MHQ, it received provisional endorsement as a second measure of function due to important feasibility issues. A research agenda to merit full endorsement was set.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Féline P B Kroon
- Department of Rheumatology, and Department of Rheumatology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Heerlen, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Lara J Maxwell
- University of Ottawa, and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, St. Michael's Hospital and Institute for Work and Health, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Abishek Abishek
- Academic Rheumatology, University of Nottingham, and National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Francis Berenbaum
- Department of Rheumatology, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Saint-Antoine hospital AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Francisco J Blanco
- Grupo de investigación en Reumatología. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC). Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas. Universidade da Coruña (UDC). As Xubias, 15006. A Coruña, España
| | - Philip G Conaghan
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and National Institute for Health Research, Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Krysia Dziedzic
- Impact Accelerator Unit, School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine L Hill
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide, and Rheumatology Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Woodville South, South Australia
| | - Ida K Haugen
- Division of Rheumatology and Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mariko Ishimori
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Valentin Ritschl
- Institute of Outcomes Research, Centre for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tanja A Stamm
- Institute of Outcomes Research, Centre for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ruth Wittoek
- Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Margreet Kloppenburg
- Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
D'Agostino MA, Beaton DE, Maxwell LJ, Cembalo SM, Hoens AM, Hofstetter C, Zabalan C, Bird P, Christensen R, de Wit M, Doria AS, Maksymowych WP, Oo WM, Østergaard M, Serban T, Sloan VS, Terslev L, van Rossum MA, Conaghan PG, Boers M. Improving domain definition and outcome instrument selection: Lessons learned for OMERACT from imaging. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2021; 51:1125-1133. [PMID: 34452758 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Imaging is one of the most rapidly evolving fields in medicine. Unfortunately, many imaging technologies have been applied as measurement instruments without rigorous evaluation of the evidence supporting their truth, discriminatory capability and feasibility for that context of use. The Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Filter 2.1 Instrument Selection Algorithm (OFISA) is used to evaluate such evidence for use of an instrument in a research setting. The objectives of this work are to: [1] define and describe the key conceptual aspects that are essential for the evaluation of imaging as an outcome measurement instrument and [2] describe how these aspects can be assessed through OFISA. METHODS Experts in imaging and/or methodology met to formalize concepts and define key steps. These concepts were discussed with a team of patient research partners with interest in imaging to refine technical and methodological aspects into comprehensible information. A workshop was held at OMERACT2020 and feedback was incorporated into existing OMERACT process for domain and instrument selection. RESULTS Three key lessons were identified: (1) a clear definition of the domain we want to measure is a necessary prerequisite to the selection of a good instrument, (2) the sources of variability that can directly influence the instrument should be clearly identified, (3) incorporating these first two lessons into OFISA improves the quality of every instrument selection process. CONCLUSIONS The incorporation of these lessons in the updated OMERACT Filter (now 2.2) will improve the quality of the selection process for all types of outcome measurement instruments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Antonietta D'Agostino
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Rheumatology UOC, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCSS, Rome, Italy; UVSQ, Inserm U1173, Infection et inflammation, Laboratory of Excellence INFLAMEX, Université Paris-Saclay, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto
| | - Lara J Maxwell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Alison Maria Hoens
- OMERACT Patient Research Partner; University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy, Canada; Patient Partner, Arthritis Research Canada
| | | | - Codruta Zabalan
- OMERACT Patient Research Partner; Romanian League against Rheumatism
| | - Paul Bird
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Robin Christensen
- Section for Biostatistics and Evidence-Based Research, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Research Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | - Andrea S Doria
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Medical Imaging Department, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Win Min Oo
- Rheumatology Department, Institute of Bone and Joint Disease, Kolling Institute, Sydney University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Medicine, Mandalay, Mandalay, Myanmar
| | - Mikkel Østergaard
- Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Teodora Serban
- La Colletta Hospital, Rheumatology Department, ASL3 Genovese, Genoa, Italy
| | - Victor S Sloan
- Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; The Peace Corps, USA
| | - Lene Terslev
- Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marion A van Rossum
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center
- Reade and Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip G Conaghan
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, UK
| | - Maarten Boers
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Maxwell LJ, Beaton DE, Boers M, D'Agostino MA, Conaghan PG, Grosskleg S, Shea BJ, Bingham Iii CO, Boonen A, Christensen R, Choy E, Doria AS, Hill CL, Hofstetter C, Kroon FP, Leung YY, Mackie S, Meara A, Touma Z, Tugwell P, Wells GA. The evolution of instrument selection for inclusion in core outcome sets at OMERACT: Filter 2.2. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2021; 51:1320-1330. [PMID: 34544617 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION OMERACT uses an evidence-based framework known as the 'OMERACT Filter Instrument Selection Algorithm' (OFISA) to guide decisions in the assessment of outcome measurement instruments for inclusion in a core outcome set for interventional and observational clinical trials. METHODS A group of OMERACT imaging and patient-centered outcome methodologists worked with imaging outcome groups to facilitate the selection of imaging outcome measurement instruments using the OFISA approach. The lessons learned from this work influenced the evolution to Filter 2.2 and necessitated changes to OMERACT's documentation and processes. RESULTS OMERACT has revised documentation and processes to incorporate the evolution of instrument selection to Filter 2.2. These revisions include creation of a template for detailed definitions of the target domain which is a necessary first step for instrument selection, modifications to the Summary of Measurement Properties (SOMP) table to account for sources of variability, and development of standardized reporting tables for each measurement property. CONCLUSIONS OMERACT Filter 2.2 represents additional modifications of the OMERACT guide for working groups in their rigorous assessment of measurement properties of instruments of various types, including imaging outcome measurement instruments. Enhanced reporting aims to increase the transparency of the evidence base leading to judgements for the endorsement of instruments in core outcome sets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara J Maxwell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Maarten Boers
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Antonietta D'Agostino
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Rheumatology UOC, IRCSS, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy; Inserm U1173, Infection et inflammation, Laboratory of Excellence INFLAMEX, Université Paris-Saclay UVSQ, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Philip G Conaghan
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, UK
| | | | - Beverley J Shea
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Clifton O Bingham Iii
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Annelies Boonen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands; Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Robin Christensen
- Section for Biostatistics and Evidence-Based Research, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Research Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Ernest Choy
- CREATE Centre and Section of Rheumatology, Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Andrea S Doria
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Medical Imaging Department, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Catherine L Hill
- Rheumatology Unit, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, Australia; Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Féline Pb Kroon
- Department of Rheumatology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, The Netherlands; Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ying Ying Leung
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Singapore General Hospital; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Sarah Mackie
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Alexa Meara
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Centre, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Zahi Touma
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Tugwell
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - George A Wells
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yuen K, Green R, Bingham K, Ruttan L, Lee-Kim V, Tartaglia MC, Anderson M, Zandy M, Choi MY, Fritzler MJ, Wither JE, Beaton DE, Katz P, Touma Z. Metrics and definitions used in the assessment of cognitive impairment in systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2021; 51:819-830. [PMID: 34157577 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review: 1) degree of conformity to the American College of Rheumatology neuropsychological battery (ACR-NB) among studies that used a NB, 2) review definitions of cognitive impairment (CI) from studies that used a NB, and 3) characterize measurement tools used to assess CI in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS The literature search was conducted in Ovid Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO for articles on CI in adult SLE patients. We reviewed studies that used a NB and compared their tests to the ACR-NB to assess the degree of conformity. Definitions of CI from studies that used a NB were reviewed when sufficient information was available. We reviewed and categorized CI measurement tools into four broad categories: NB, screening, incomplete/mixed batteries, and computerized batteries. RESULTS Of 8727 references, 118 were selected for detailed review and 97 were included in the final analysis. Of 43 studies that used a NB, none of the studies used the ACR-NB exactly as published. Many studies supplemented with other tests. Overall, there was inconsistent use of ACR-NB tests. Definitions for CI varied, with cut-offs ranging from 1 to 3 standard deviations below normative values on domains/tests varying in type and number. The most frequently used measurement tool for assessing CI in SLE was a NB. Use of screening tests and computerized batteries have also increased over the last decade. CONCLUSION The assessment and definition of CI in SLE remains heterogeneous. A consensus meeting to address existing inconsistencies should be considered to harmonize the field of CI in SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Yuen
- Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, EW, 1-412, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Queen's University School of Medicine, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robin Green
- University Health Network- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathleen Bingham
- University Health Network Centre for Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lesley Ruttan
- University Health Network- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victoria Lee-Kim
- Queen's University School of Medicine, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Melanie Anderson
- Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Moe Zandy
- Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, EW, 1-412, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - May Y Choi
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marvin J Fritzler
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joan E Wither
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Patricia Katz
- University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Zahi Touma
- Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, EW, 1-412, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gignac MAM, Bowring J, Jetha A, Beaton DE, Breslin FC, Franche RL, Irvin E, Macdermid JC, Shaw WS, Smith PM, Thompson A, Tompa E, Van Eerd D, Saunders R. Disclosure, Privacy and Workplace Accommodation of Episodic Disabilities: Organizational Perspectives on Disability Communication-Support Processes to Sustain Employment. J Occup Rehabil 2021; 31:153-165. [PMID: 32410153 PMCID: PMC7954721 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-020-09901-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Employers increasingly are asked to accommodate workers living with physical and mental health conditions that cause episodic disability, where periods of wellness are punctuated by intermittent and often unpredictable activity limitations (e.g., depression, anxiety, arthritis, colitis). Episodic disabilities may be challenging for workplaces which must comply with legislation protecting the privacy of health information while believing they would benefit from personal health details to meet a worker's accommodation needs. This research aimed to understand organizational perspectives on disability communication-support processes. Methods Twenty-seven participants from diverse employment sectors and who had responsibilities for supporting workers living with episodic disabilities (e.g., supervisors, disability managers, union representatives, occupational health representatives, labour lawyers) were interviewed. Five participants also had lived experience of a physical or mental health episodic disability. Participants were recruited through organizational associations, community networks and advertising. Semi-structured interviews and qualitative content analysis framed data collection and analyses, and mapped communication-support processes. Results Seven themes underpinned communication-support process: (1) similarities and differences among physical and mental health episodic disabilities; (2) cultures of workplace support, including contrasting medical and biopsychosocial perspectives; (3) misgivings about others and their role in communication-support processes; (4) that subjective perceptions matter; (5) the inherent complexity of the response process; (6) challenges arising when a worker denies a disability; and (7) casting disability as a performance problem. Conclusions This study identifies a conceptual framework and areas where workplace disability support processes could be enhanced to improve inclusion and the sustainability of employment among workers living with episodic disabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monique A M Gignac
- Institute for Work & Health, 481 University Avenue, Suite 800, Toronto, ON, M5G 2E9, Canada.
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Julie Bowring
- Institute for Work & Health, 481 University Avenue, Suite 800, Toronto, ON, M5G 2E9, Canada
| | - Arif Jetha
- Institute for Work & Health, 481 University Avenue, Suite 800, Toronto, ON, M5G 2E9, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Institute for Work & Health, 481 University Avenue, Suite 800, Toronto, ON, M5G 2E9, Canada
| | - F Curtis Breslin
- Institute for Work & Health, 481 University Avenue, Suite 800, Toronto, ON, M5G 2E9, Canada
| | | | - Emma Irvin
- Institute for Work & Health, 481 University Avenue, Suite 800, Toronto, ON, M5G 2E9, Canada
| | - Joy C Macdermid
- School of Physical Therapy, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | | | - Peter M Smith
- Institute for Work & Health, 481 University Avenue, Suite 800, Toronto, ON, M5G 2E9, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron Thompson
- Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emile Tompa
- Institute for Work & Health, 481 University Avenue, Suite 800, Toronto, ON, M5G 2E9, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dwayne Van Eerd
- Institute for Work & Health, 481 University Avenue, Suite 800, Toronto, ON, M5G 2E9, Canada
| | - Ron Saunders
- Institute for Work & Health, 481 University Avenue, Suite 800, Toronto, ON, M5G 2E9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Beaton DE, Maxwell LJ. Commentary: Online Platform of Minimal Important Difference estimates for patient reported outcomes: potential and challenges. J Clin Epidemiol 2021; 133:172-174. [PMID: 33600950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D E Beaton
- 400 University Avenue, Suite 1800, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1S5.
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tayer‐Shifman OE, Green R, Beaton DE, Ruttan L, Wither JE, Tartaglia MC, Kakvan M, Lombardi S, Anderson N, Su J, Bonilla D, Zandy M, Choi MY, Fritzler MJ, Touma Z. Validity Evidence for the Use of Automated Neuropsychologic Assessment Metrics As a Screening Tool for Cognitive Impairment in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2020; 72:1809-1819. [DOI: 10.1002/acr.24096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Robin Green
- University Health Network–Toronto Rehabilitation Institute Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Dorcas E. Beaton
- Institute for Work and Health and University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Lesley Ruttan
- University Health Network–Toronto Rehabilitation Institute Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Joan E. Wither
- University of Toronto Lupus Clinic and Toronto Western Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
| | | | - Mahta Kakvan
- University of Toronto Lupus Clinic and Toronto Western Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Sabrina Lombardi
- University Health Network–Toronto Rehabilitation Institute Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Nicole Anderson
- University of Toronto Lupus Clinic and Toronto Western Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Jiandong Su
- University of Toronto Lupus Clinic and Toronto Western Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Dennisse Bonilla
- University of Toronto Lupus Clinic and Toronto Western Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Moe Zandy
- University of Toronto Lupus Clinic and Toronto Western Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - May Y. Choi
- Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
| | | | - Zahi Touma
- University of Toronto Lupus Clinic and Toronto Western Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pinsker EB, Sale JEM, Gignac MAM, Daniels TR, Beaton DE. “I Don’t Have to Think About Watching the Ground”: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Concept of Vigilance as an Important Outcome for Ankle Reconstruction. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2020; 72:1367-1373. [DOI: 10.1002/acr.24039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ellie B. Pinsker
- St. Michael’s Hospital and University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Joanna E. M. Sale
- St. Michael’s Hospital and University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | | | | | - Dorcas E. Beaton
- Institute of Work & Health and University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gignac MAM, Irvin E, Cullen K, Van Eerd D, Beaton DE, Mahood Q, McLeod C, Backman CL. Men and Women's Occupational Activities and the Risk of Developing Osteoarthritis of the Knee, Hip, or Hands: A Systematic Review and Recommendations for Future Research. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2020; 72:378-396. [PMID: 30762317 PMCID: PMC7065017 DOI: 10.1002/acr.23855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective To systematically review the evidence for an increased risk of osteoarthritis in the hip, knee, hand, wrist, finger, ankle, foot, shoulder, neck, and spine related to diverse occupational activities of men and women and to examine dose‐response information related to the frequency, intensity, and duration of work exposures and the risk of osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Established guidelines for systematic reviews in occupational health and safety studies were followed. MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception to December 2017. Studies were reviewed for relevance, quality was appraised, and data were extracted and synthesized. Results Sixty‐nine studies from 23 countries yielded strong and moderate evidence for lifting, cumulative physical loads, full‐body vibration, and kneeling/squatting/bending as increasing the risks of developing OA in men and women. Strong and moderate evidence existed for no increased risk of OA related to sitting, standing, and walking (hip and knee OA), lifting and carrying (knee OA), climbing ladders (knee OA), driving (knee OA), and highly repetitive tasks (hand OA). Variability in dose‐response data resulted in an inability to synthesize these data. Conclusion Evidence points to the potential for OA occupational recommendations and practice considerations to be developed for women and men. However, research attention is needed to overcome deficits in the measurement and recall of specific work activities so that recommendations and practice considerations can provide the specificity needed to be adopted in workplaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monique A M Gignac
- Institute for Work and Health and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emma Irvin
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kim Cullen
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, and School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Quenby Mahood
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chris McLeod
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, and School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Catherine L Backman
- University of British Columbia and Arthritis Research Centre of Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Rotondi NK, Beaton DE, Sujic R, Bogoch E, Inrig T, Linton D, Weldon J, Jain R, Sale JEM. Factors associated with screening positive for high falls risk in fragility fracture patients: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:372. [PMID: 32532279 PMCID: PMC7291444 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03410-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We sought to report the prevalence of fragility fracture patients who were screened at high falls risk using a large provincial database, and to determine the characteristics associated with being screened at high falls risk. Methods The study population included fragility fracture patients 50+ years of age who were screened at 35 hospital fracture clinics in Ontario over a 3.5 year period. The outcome was based on two screening questions measuring the risk of falling, both adapted from the STEADI (Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths & Injuries) tool. Multivariable associations of sociodemographic, fracture-related, and health-related characteristics were evaluated using logistic regression. Results Of the sample, 9735 (44.5%) patients were classified as being at high falls risk, and 12,089 (55.3%) were not. In the multivariable logistic regression, being 80+ years of age (vs. 50–64 years of age), non-community dwelling (vs. living with spouse, family member, roommate), having a mental/physical impairment (vs. none), and taking multiple medications, were all strongly associated with being screened at high falls risk. Conclusions Living in a non-community dwelling and taking 4+ medications were the variables most strongly associated with being screened at high falls risk. These are potentially modifiable characteristics that should be considered when assessing falls risk in fragility fracture patients, and particularly when designing interventions for preventing subsequent falls. Ongoing work to address the higher risk of falls in the fragility fracture population is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nooshin K Rotondi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, 2000 Simcoe St. North, Oshawa, Ontario, L1H 7K4, Canada. .,Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management & Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute for Work & Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rebeka Sujic
- Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Earl Bogoch
- Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Mobility Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Taucha Inrig
- Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Denise Linton
- Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ravi Jain
- Osteoporosis Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joanna E M Sale
- Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management & Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Maxwell LJ, Beaton DE. Controversy and Debate Series on Core Outcome Sets. Paper 2: Debate on Paper 1 from the perspective of OMERACT [Outcome Measures in Rheumatology]. J Clin Epidemiol 2020; 125:213-215. [PMID: 32413388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute for Work and Health and Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Vaillancourt S, Cullen JD, Dainty KN, Inrig T, Laupacis A, Linton D, Malherbe S, Maybee A, Schull MJ, Seaton MB, Beaton DE. PROM-ED: Development and Testing of a Patient-Reported Outcome Measure for Emergency Department Patients Who Are Discharged Home. Ann Emerg Med 2020; 76:219-229. [PMID: 32173134 DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Common outcomes of care valued by emergency department (ED) patients who are not hospitalized have been characterized, but no measurement instrument has been developed to date. We developed and validated a patient-reported outcome measure for use with adult ED patients who are discharged home (PROM-ED). METHODS In previous research, 4 main outcomes of importance to ED patients were defined: symptom relief, understanding, reassurance, and having a plan. We developed a bank of potential questions (phase 1) that were first tested for suitability through cognitive debriefing with patients (phase 2). Revised questions were then tested quantitatively with a large panel of participants who had recently received ED care (phase 3). Informed by these results, a panel of experts used a modified Delphi process to make decisions on item reduction. The resulting instrument (PROM-ED 1.0) was then evaluated for its measurement properties (structural validity, hypothesis testing, and reliability). RESULTS Sixty-seven questions divided among 4 scales (1 for each outcome domain) were assembled. In accordance with cognitive debriefing with 8 patients (phase 2), 15 questions were modified and 13 removed. Testing of these questions with 444 participants (phase 3) identified problematic floor or ceiling effects (n=10), excessive correlations between items (n=11), and low item-total correlations (n=7). The expert panel (22 participants, phase 4) made decisions using this information on the exclusion of items, resulting in 22 questions across 4 scales that together constitute the PROM-ED 1.0. Testing provided good evidence of validity and test-retest reliability (n=200). CONCLUSION The PROM-ED enables the measurement of patient-centered outcomes of importance to patients receiving care in the ED who are not hospitalized. These data could have important applications in research and care improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Vaillancourt
- Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - John D Cullen
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Katie N Dainty
- Institute for Health Policy and Management, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; North York General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Taucha Inrig
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andreas Laupacis
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Denise Linton
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Malherbe
- Hôpital Montfort and Department of Emergency and Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Michael J Schull
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Institute for Health Policy and Management, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Emergency Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada; the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sujic R, Luo J, Beaton DE, Bogoch ER, Sale JEM, Jaglal S, Jain R, Mamdani M. Multiple simultaneous fractures are associated with higher all-cause mortality: results from a province-wide fracture liaison service. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:291-296. [PMID: 31720710 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-019-05207-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Mortality rates in our fracture liaison service ranged from 2.7% at year 1 to 14.8% at year 5 post-screening. Presentation with multiple simultaneous fractures at screening was associated with higher risk of death. This finding indicates the need for increased focus on this high-risk group. PURPOSE To examine all-cause mortality rates in a provincial fracture liaison service (FLS) and the association between the index fracture type, particularly multiple simultaneous fractures, and the risk of death at follow-up. METHODS This cohort study includes fragility fracture patients aged 50+, enrolled in a provincial FLS in Ontario, Canada, between 2007 and 2010. All-cause mortality was assessed using administrative data. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine the risk of death 5 years after screening. RESULTS Crude mortality rates for 6543 fragility fracture patients were 2.7% at year 1, 5.6% at year 2, and 14.8% at year 5 after screening. After adjusting for age and sex, and relative to distal radius fracture, patients with multiple (simultaneous) fractures at screening had a higher risk of dying (HR = 1.8, 95%CI 1.3-2.4), followed by those with a hip fracture (HR = 1.5, 95%CI 1.3-1.8), a proximal humerus fracture (HR = 1.4, 95%CI 1.2-1.7), and other single fractures (HR = 1.4, 95%CI 1.1-1.7). Having an index ankle fracture was not associated with the risk of death over a distal radius fracture. As compared to the 50-65 age group, patients 66 years and older had a higher risk of death (for 66-70 age group: HR = 2.5, 95%CI 1.9-3.3; for 71-80: HR = 4.3, 95%CI 3.5-5.4; and for 81+: HR = 10.6, 95%CI 8.7-13.0). Females had a lower risk of death (HR = 0.5, 95%CI 0.5-0.6) than males. CONCLUSIONS Presenting with multiple fractures was an indicator of higher risk of death relative to a distal radius fracture. This finding indicates the need for increased focus on this high-risk group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Sujic
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - J Luo
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D E Beaton
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - E R Bogoch
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Mobility Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J E M Sale
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Jaglal
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Jain
- Ontario Osteoporosis Strategy, Osteoporosis Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Mamdani
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Centre for Healthcare Analytics Research & Training, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Affiliation(s)
- Lyn March
- Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia
| | - Bethan Richards
- Department of Rheumatology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael Gill
- OMERACT Patient Research Partner, Dragon Claw, Canberra, Australia
| | - Peter M Brooks
- Centre for Health Policy, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Beverley J Shea
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Institute for Work and Health, and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lara J Maxwell
- Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sean R Tunis
- Center for Medical Technology Policy (CMTP), World Trade Center Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shawna Grosskleg
- Secretariat, OMERACT, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada;
| | - Peter Tugwell
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sujic R, Beaton DE, Mamdani M, Cadarette SM, Luo J, Jaglal S, Sale JEM, Jain R, Bogoch E. Five-year refracture rates of a province-wide fracture liaison service. Osteoporos Int 2019; 30:1671-1677. [PMID: 31152183 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-019-05017-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We examined the 5-year refracture rate of 6543 patients and found an overall rate of 9.7%. Adjusted analysis showed that presenting with multiple fractures was an indicator of a higher refracture risk; while presenting with an ankle fracture was associated with a lower refracture risk. INTRODUCTION To examine refractures among patients screened in a province-wide fracture liaison service (FLS). METHODS We assessed the 5-year refracture rate of fragility fracture patients aged 50+ who were screened at 37 FLS fracture clinics in Ontario, Canada. Refracture was defined as a new hip, pelvis, spine, distal radius, or proximal humerus fracture. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards model adjusting for age, sex, and index fracture type were used to examine refracture rates. RESULTS The 5-year refracture rate of 6543 patients was 9.7%. Those presenting with multiple fractures at baseline (i.e., two or more fractures occurring simultaneously) had the highest refracture rate of 19.6%. As compared to the 50-65 age group, refracture risk increased monotonically with age group (66-70 years: HR = 1.3, CI 95%, 1.0-1.7; 71-80 years: HR = 1.7, CI 1.4-2.1; 81+ years: HR = 3.0, CI 2.4-3.7). Relative to distal radius, presenting with multiple fractures at screening was associated with a higher risk of refracture (HR = 2.3 CI 1.6-3.1), while presenting with an ankle fracture was associated with a lower risk of refracture (HR = 0.7 CI 0.6-0.9). Sex was not a statistically significant predictor of refracture risk in this cohort (HR = 1.2, CI 1.0-1.5). CONCLUSIONS One in ten patients in our cohort refractured within 5 years after baseline. Presenting with multiple fractures was an indicator of a higher refracture risk, while presenting with an ankle fracture was associated with a lower refracture risk. A more targeted FLS approach may be appropriate for patients at a higher refracture risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Sujic
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - D E Beaton
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Mamdani
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Centre for Healthcare Analytics Research & Training, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S M Cadarette
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Luo
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S Jaglal
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J E M Sale
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R Jain
- Ontario Osteoporosis Strategy, Osteoporosis Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E Bogoch
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Mobility Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine if children who sustain a fracture in childhood had an increased rate of fracture later in childhood or early adulthood. The a priori null hypothesis was that children who sustained a fracture would not have an increased rate of future fractures compared with children who did not sustain a fracture when controlling for important covariates. METHODS This is a population-based retrospective cohort study using health care databases in Ontario. Approximately 2.5 million healthy children aged 0 to 15 years living in Ontario, Canada between April 1, 2003, and March 31, 2004, were included and followed for 7 years. The exposure was occurrence of any fracture during a 1-year baseline period. The main outcome was any fractures during a 7-year follow-up period. RESULTS A total of 43 154 children suffered a fracture during the baseline year (17.5 fractures per 1000 child years). Children with a baseline fracture had a 60% higher rate of fracture (incidence rate ratio: 1.60; 95% confidence interval: 1.46-1.75; P < .0001) during the follow-up period after adjustment for sex, rurality, history of previous fracture, and the occurrence of other injuries (head and soft-tissue). CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of a fracture during childhood was associated with an increased rate of future fractures compared with children who did not suffer a fracture. Attempting to improve childhood bone health by targeting children who present to a fracture clinic with multiple fracture risk factors may be a useful strategy for secondary prevention of fractures and may have beneficial effects on long-term bone health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G Escott
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Teresa To
- Child Health and Evaluative Sciences and
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Mobility Program Clinical Research Unit, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andrew W Howard
- Child Health and Evaluative Sciences and.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; and
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gignac MAM, Ibrahim S, Smith PM, Kristman V, Beaton DE, Mustard CA. The Role of Sex, Gender, Health Factors, and Job Context in Workplace Accommodation Use Among Men and Women with Arthritis. Ann Work Expo Health 2019; 62:490-504. [PMID: 29420700 PMCID: PMC5905635 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxx115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With the aging of populations in many countries, workers are expected to remain employed longer but may struggle with the onset of common, chronic conditions like arthritis. To date, few studies have examined workplace policies and practices that could help accommodate individuals with arthritis, and fewer still have used a sex and gender-based approach to explore similarities and differences between women and men. Objectives This study compared the health and work contexts of workers aged ≥50 years to better understand similarities and differences between women and men in accommodation availability, need, use, and unmet needs. Methods A cross-sectional survey of men and women with osteoarthritis (OA), inflammatory arthritis (IA), or both OA and IA was administered online or by telephone and assessed demographics (e.g. age, education), health (e.g. pain, fatigue, workplace activity limitations), work context factors (e.g. job sector, full/part-time work, job control), and workplace accommodations (e.g. health benefits, flexible hours, special equipment/adaptations, modified duties). Sex and gender-based analyses examined similarities and differences between men and women and included descriptive statistics, multivariable multinomial analyses, and nested regression analyses. Results There was a 58.9% response rate and final sample of 463 participants (women, n = 266; men, n = 197; OA = 59.0%; IA/both IA and OA = 23.7%; unsure = 17.3%). Women and men were significantly different in a number of health (e.g. fatigue, health variability, workplace activity limitations) and work context factors (e.g. job sector, part-time work, job stress). However, in other respects, they were similar (e.g. pain, job involving physical demands, size of organization, shift work, union membership, job control). There were no differences between men and women in the availability or use of workplace accommodations. However, women reported significantly more accommodation needs and had greater unmet needs. Multivariable multinomial analyses found male/female as a binary variable did not explain differences in accommodation need, use, and unmet need. Nested analyses highlighted that differences in health variables explained male/female differences in accommodation need, while work context differences explained male/female differences in whether needs were met. Conclusions The findings highlight that women and men draw on a range of existing accommodation policies and practices to help manage their arthritis and that most have their accommodation needs met. Decomposing the context within which men and women with arthritis work suggests that women may face health and work context challenges that differ from men and that are related to greater accommodation needs and unmet need. This highlights potential vulnerabilities in the work of women that need to be addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monique A M Gignac
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Peter M Smith
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vicki Kristman
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Cameron A Mustard
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Engel LL, Beaton DE, Green RE, Dawson DR. Financial Management Activity Process: Qualitative inquiry of adults with acquired brain injury. Can J Occup Ther 2019; 86:196-208. [DOI: 10.1177/0008417419833839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. Little is known about the financial management occupations of people living with brain injury, despite the importance of these to adult autonomy. Purpose. This work aims to develop a conceptual framework for financial management after adulthood acquired brain injury. Method. This qualitative study used grounded theory methods. Data included semistructured interviews of 10 adults living with brain injury and two close others who assist with financial management occupations. Analysis included initial and focused coding, memo writing, constant comparison, theoretical sampling of questions, and member checking. Findings. The Financial Management Activity Process conceptual framework describes a complex action process. This includes accounting for factors influencing financial choices and actions, and identifying and using a trusted personalized process, including using financial management strategies aligned with the constraints of factors. Implications. This conceptual framework may be useful to assessment and intervention development. It highlights the between-person and between-activity variability in financial management processes and strategy use.
Collapse
|
26
|
Terslev L, Naredo E, Keen HI, Bruyn GA, Iagnocco A, Wakefield RJ, Conaghan PG, Maxwell LJ, Beaton DE, Boers M, D’Agostino MA. The OMERACT Stepwise Approach to Select and Develop Imaging Outcome Measurement Instruments: The Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Example. J Rheumatol 2019; 46:1394-1400. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.181158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective.To describe the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) stepwise approach to select and develop an imaging instrument with musculoskeletal ultrasound (US) as an example.Methods.The OMERACT US Working Group (WG) developed a 4-step process to select instruments based on imaging. Step 1 applies the OMERACT Framework Instrument Selection Algorithm (OFISA) to existing US outcome measurement instruments for a specific indication. This step requires a literature review focused on the truth, discrimination, and feasibility aspects of the instrument for the target pathology. When the evidence is completely unsatisfactory, Step 2 is a consensus process to define the US characteristics of the target pathology including one or more so-called “elementary lesions”. Step 3 applies the agreed definitions to the image, evaluates their reliability, develops a severity grading of the lesion(s) at a given anatomical site, and evaluates the effect of the acquisition technique on feasibility and lesion(s) detection. Step 4 applies and assesses the definition(s) and scoring system(s) in cross-sectional studies and multicenter trials. The imaging instrument is now ready to pass a final OFISA check.Results.With this process in place, the US WG now has 18 subgroups developing US instruments in 10 different diseases. Half of them have passed Step 3, and the groups for enthesitis (spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis), synovitis, and tenosynovitis (rheumatoid arthritis) have finished Step 4.Conclusion.The US WG approach to select and develop outcome measurement instruments based on imaging has been repeatedly and successfully applied in US, but is generic for imaging and fits with OMERACT Filter 2.1.
Collapse
|
27
|
Boers M, Beaton DE, Shea BJ, Maxwell LJ, Bartlett SJ, Bingham CO, Conaghan PG, D'Agostino MA, de Wit MP, Gossec L, March L, Simon LS, Singh JA, Strand V, Wells GA, Tugwell P. OMERACT Filter 2.1: Elaboration of the Conceptual Framework for Outcome Measurement in Health Intervention Studies. J Rheumatol 2019; 46:1021-1027. [PMID: 30770515 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.181096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Filter 2.0 framework was developed in 2014 to aid core outcome set development by describing the full universe of "measurable aspects of health conditions" from which core domains can be selected. This paper provides elaborations and updated concepts (OMERACT Filter 2.1). METHODS At OMERACT 2018, we discussed challenges in the framework application caused by unclear or ambiguous wording and terms and incompletely developed concepts. RESULTS The updated OMERACT Filter 2.1 framework makes benefits and harms explicit, clarifies concepts, and improves naming of various terms. CONCLUSION We expect that the Filter 2.1 framework will improve the process of core set development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Boers
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario; McGill Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Medicine Service, VA Medical Center; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines; Sorbonne Université; Pitié Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Rheumatology Department, Paris, France; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research; Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.,M. Boers, MD, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Senior Scientist, Institute for Work & Health, and Associate Professor, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; B.J. Shea, PhD, Senior Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; S.J. Bartlett, PhD, Professor of Medicine, McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, AP-HP, Professor of Rheumatology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, OMERACT Patient Research Partner, and Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine at the School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-Managing Director of SDG LLC; V. Strand, MD, Biopharmaceutical Consultant, Portola Valley, California, USA; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario; McGill Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Medicine Service, VA Medical Center; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines; Sorbonne Université; Pitié Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Rheumatology Department, Paris, France; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research; Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.,M. Boers, MD, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Senior Scientist, Institute for Work & Health, and Associate Professor, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; B.J. Shea, PhD, Senior Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; S.J. Bartlett, PhD, Professor of Medicine, McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, AP-HP, Professor of Rheumatology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, OMERACT Patient Research Partner, and Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine at the School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-Managing Director of SDG LLC; V. Strand, MD, Biopharmaceutical Consultant, Portola Valley, California, USA; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
| | - Beverley J Shea
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario; McGill Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Medicine Service, VA Medical Center; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines; Sorbonne Université; Pitié Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Rheumatology Department, Paris, France; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research; Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.,M. Boers, MD, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Senior Scientist, Institute for Work & Health, and Associate Professor, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; B.J. Shea, PhD, Senior Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; S.J. Bartlett, PhD, Professor of Medicine, McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, AP-HP, Professor of Rheumatology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, OMERACT Patient Research Partner, and Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine at the School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-Managing Director of SDG LLC; V. Strand, MD, Biopharmaceutical Consultant, Portola Valley, California, USA; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
| | - Lara J Maxwell
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario; McGill Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Medicine Service, VA Medical Center; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines; Sorbonne Université; Pitié Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Rheumatology Department, Paris, France; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research; Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.,M. Boers, MD, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Senior Scientist, Institute for Work & Health, and Associate Professor, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; B.J. Shea, PhD, Senior Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; S.J. Bartlett, PhD, Professor of Medicine, McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, AP-HP, Professor of Rheumatology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, OMERACT Patient Research Partner, and Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine at the School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-Managing Director of SDG LLC; V. Strand, MD, Biopharmaceutical Consultant, Portola Valley, California, USA; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
| | - Susan J Bartlett
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario; McGill Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Medicine Service, VA Medical Center; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines; Sorbonne Université; Pitié Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Rheumatology Department, Paris, France; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research; Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.,M. Boers, MD, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Senior Scientist, Institute for Work & Health, and Associate Professor, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; B.J. Shea, PhD, Senior Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; S.J. Bartlett, PhD, Professor of Medicine, McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, AP-HP, Professor of Rheumatology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, OMERACT Patient Research Partner, and Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine at the School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-Managing Director of SDG LLC; V. Strand, MD, Biopharmaceutical Consultant, Portola Valley, California, USA; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
| | - Clifton O Bingham
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario; McGill Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Medicine Service, VA Medical Center; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines; Sorbonne Université; Pitié Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Rheumatology Department, Paris, France; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research; Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.,M. Boers, MD, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Senior Scientist, Institute for Work & Health, and Associate Professor, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; B.J. Shea, PhD, Senior Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; S.J. Bartlett, PhD, Professor of Medicine, McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, AP-HP, Professor of Rheumatology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, OMERACT Patient Research Partner, and Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine at the School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-Managing Director of SDG LLC; V. Strand, MD, Biopharmaceutical Consultant, Portola Valley, California, USA; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
| | - Philip G Conaghan
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario; McGill Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Medicine Service, VA Medical Center; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines; Sorbonne Université; Pitié Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Rheumatology Department, Paris, France; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research; Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.,M. Boers, MD, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Senior Scientist, Institute for Work & Health, and Associate Professor, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; B.J. Shea, PhD, Senior Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; S.J. Bartlett, PhD, Professor of Medicine, McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, AP-HP, Professor of Rheumatology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, OMERACT Patient Research Partner, and Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine at the School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-Managing Director of SDG LLC; V. Strand, MD, Biopharmaceutical Consultant, Portola Valley, California, USA; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
| | - Maria Antonietta D'Agostino
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario; McGill Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Medicine Service, VA Medical Center; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines; Sorbonne Université; Pitié Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Rheumatology Department, Paris, France; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research; Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.,M. Boers, MD, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Senior Scientist, Institute for Work & Health, and Associate Professor, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; B.J. Shea, PhD, Senior Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; S.J. Bartlett, PhD, Professor of Medicine, McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, AP-HP, Professor of Rheumatology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, OMERACT Patient Research Partner, and Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine at the School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-Managing Director of SDG LLC; V. Strand, MD, Biopharmaceutical Consultant, Portola Valley, California, USA; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
| | - Maarten P de Wit
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario; McGill Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Medicine Service, VA Medical Center; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines; Sorbonne Université; Pitié Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Rheumatology Department, Paris, France; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research; Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.,M. Boers, MD, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Senior Scientist, Institute for Work & Health, and Associate Professor, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; B.J. Shea, PhD, Senior Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; S.J. Bartlett, PhD, Professor of Medicine, McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, AP-HP, Professor of Rheumatology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, OMERACT Patient Research Partner, and Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine at the School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-Managing Director of SDG LLC; V. Strand, MD, Biopharmaceutical Consultant, Portola Valley, California, USA; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
| | - Laure Gossec
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario; McGill Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Medicine Service, VA Medical Center; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines; Sorbonne Université; Pitié Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Rheumatology Department, Paris, France; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research; Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.,M. Boers, MD, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Senior Scientist, Institute for Work & Health, and Associate Professor, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; B.J. Shea, PhD, Senior Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; S.J. Bartlett, PhD, Professor of Medicine, McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, AP-HP, Professor of Rheumatology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, OMERACT Patient Research Partner, and Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine at the School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-Managing Director of SDG LLC; V. Strand, MD, Biopharmaceutical Consultant, Portola Valley, California, USA; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
| | - Lyn March
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario; McGill Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Medicine Service, VA Medical Center; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines; Sorbonne Université; Pitié Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Rheumatology Department, Paris, France; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research; Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.,M. Boers, MD, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Senior Scientist, Institute for Work & Health, and Associate Professor, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; B.J. Shea, PhD, Senior Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; S.J. Bartlett, PhD, Professor of Medicine, McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, AP-HP, Professor of Rheumatology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, OMERACT Patient Research Partner, and Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine at the School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-Managing Director of SDG LLC; V. Strand, MD, Biopharmaceutical Consultant, Portola Valley, California, USA; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
| | - Lee S Simon
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario; McGill Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Medicine Service, VA Medical Center; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines; Sorbonne Université; Pitié Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Rheumatology Department, Paris, France; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research; Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.,M. Boers, MD, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Senior Scientist, Institute for Work & Health, and Associate Professor, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; B.J. Shea, PhD, Senior Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; S.J. Bartlett, PhD, Professor of Medicine, McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, AP-HP, Professor of Rheumatology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, OMERACT Patient Research Partner, and Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine at the School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-Managing Director of SDG LLC; V. Strand, MD, Biopharmaceutical Consultant, Portola Valley, California, USA; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
| | - Jasvinder A Singh
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario; McGill Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Medicine Service, VA Medical Center; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines; Sorbonne Université; Pitié Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Rheumatology Department, Paris, France; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research; Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.,M. Boers, MD, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Senior Scientist, Institute for Work & Health, and Associate Professor, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; B.J. Shea, PhD, Senior Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; S.J. Bartlett, PhD, Professor of Medicine, McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, AP-HP, Professor of Rheumatology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, OMERACT Patient Research Partner, and Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine at the School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-Managing Director of SDG LLC; V. Strand, MD, Biopharmaceutical Consultant, Portola Valley, California, USA; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
| | - Vibeke Strand
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario; McGill Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Medicine Service, VA Medical Center; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines; Sorbonne Université; Pitié Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Rheumatology Department, Paris, France; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research; Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.,M. Boers, MD, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Senior Scientist, Institute for Work & Health, and Associate Professor, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; B.J. Shea, PhD, Senior Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; S.J. Bartlett, PhD, Professor of Medicine, McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, AP-HP, Professor of Rheumatology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, OMERACT Patient Research Partner, and Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine at the School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-Managing Director of SDG LLC; V. Strand, MD, Biopharmaceutical Consultant, Portola Valley, California, USA; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
| | - George A Wells
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario; McGill Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Medicine Service, VA Medical Center; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines; Sorbonne Université; Pitié Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Rheumatology Department, Paris, France; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research; Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.,M. Boers, MD, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Senior Scientist, Institute for Work & Health, and Associate Professor, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; B.J. Shea, PhD, Senior Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; S.J. Bartlett, PhD, Professor of Medicine, McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, AP-HP, Professor of Rheumatology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, OMERACT Patient Research Partner, and Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine at the School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-Managing Director of SDG LLC; V. Strand, MD, Biopharmaceutical Consultant, Portola Valley, California, USA; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
| | - Peter Tugwell
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario; McGill Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Medicine Service, VA Medical Center; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines; Sorbonne Université; Pitié Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Rheumatology Department, Paris, France; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research; Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.,M. Boers, MD, PhD, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Senior Scientist, Institute for Work & Health, and Associate Professor, Institute Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; B.J. Shea, PhD, Senior Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; S.J. Bartlett, PhD, Professor of Medicine, McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, AP-HP, Professor of Rheumatology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, OMERACT Patient Research Partner, and Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine at the School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-Managing Director of SDG LLC; V. Strand, MD, Biopharmaceutical Consultant, Portola Valley, California, USA; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Maxwell LJ, Beaton DE, Shea BJ, Wells GA, Boers M, Grosskleg S, Bingham CO, Conaghan PG, D’Agostino MA, de Wit M, Gossec L, March L, Simon LS, Singh JA, Strand V, Tugwell P. Core Domain Set Selection According to OMERACT Filter 2.1: The OMERACT Methodology. J Rheumatol 2019; 46:1014-1020. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.181097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective.To describe the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Filter 2.1 methodology for core domain set selection.Methods.The “OMERACT Way for Core Domain Set selection” framework consists of 3 stages: first, generating candidate domains through literature reviews and qualitative work, then a process of consensus to obtain agreement from those involved, and finally formal voting on the OMERACT Onion. The OMERACT Onion describes the placement of domains in layers/circles: mandatory in all trials/mandatory in specific circumstances (inner circle); important but optional (middle circle); or research agenda (outer circle). Five OMERACT working groups presented their core domain sets for endorsement by the OMERACT community. Tools including a workbook and whiteboard video were created to assist the process. The methods workshop at OMERACT 2018 introduced participants to this framework.Results.The 5 OMERACT working groups achieved consensus on their proposed core domain sets. After the Methodology Workshop training exercise at OMERACT 2018, over 90% of participants voted that they were confident that they understood the process of core domain set selection.Conclusion.The methods described in this paper were successfully used by the 5 working groups voting on domains at the OMERACT 2018 meeting, demonstrating the feasibility of the process. In addition, participants at OMERACT 2018 expressed increased confidence and understanding of the core domain set selection process after the training exercise. This methodology will continue to evolve, and we will use innovative technology such as whiteboard videos as a key part of our dissemination and implementation strategy for new methods.
Collapse
|
29
|
Ramiro S, Page MJ, Whittle SL, Huang H, Verhagen AP, Beaton DE, Richards P, Voshaar M, Shea B, van der Windt DA, Kopkow C, Lenza M, Jain NB, Richards B, Hill C, Gill TK, Koes B, Foster NE, Conaghan PG, Smith T, Malliaras P, Roe Y, Gagnier JJ, Buchbinder R. The OMERACT Core Domain Set for Clinical Trials of Shoulder Disorders. J Rheumatol 2019; 46:969-975. [PMID: 30709947 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.181070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To reach consensus on the core domains to be included in a core domain set for clinical trials of shoulder disorders using the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Filter 2.1 Core Domain Set process. METHODS At OMERACT 2018, the OMERACT Shoulder Working Group conducted a workshop that presented the OMERACT 2016 preliminary core domain set and its rationale based upon a systematic review of domains measured in shoulder trials and international Delphi sessions involving patients, clinicians, and researchers, as well as a new systematic review of qualitative studies on the experiences of people with shoulder disorders. After discussions in breakout groups, the OMERACT core domain set for clinical trials of shoulder disorders was presented for endorsement by OMERACT 2018 participants. RESULTS The qualitative review (n = 8) identified all domains included in the preliminary core set. An additional domain, cognitive dysfunction, was also identified, but confidence that this represents a core domain was very low. The core domain set that was endorsed by the OMERACT participants, with 71% agreement, includes 4 "mandatory" trial domains: pain, function, patient global - shoulder, and adverse events including death; and 4 "important but optional" domains: participation (recreation/work), sleep, emotional well-being, and condition-specific pathophysiological manifestations. Cognitive dysfunction was voted out of the core domain set. CONCLUSION OMERACT 2018 delegates endorsed a core domain set for clinical trials of shoulder disorders. The next step includes identification of a core outcome measurement set that passes the OMERACT 2.1 Filter for measuring each domain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Ramiro
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway. .,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors.
| | - Matthew J Page
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Samuel L Whittle
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Hsiaomin Huang
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Arianne P Verhagen
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Pamela Richards
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Marieke Voshaar
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Beverley Shea
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Danielle A van der Windt
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Christian Kopkow
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Mario Lenza
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Nitin B Jain
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Bethan Richards
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Catherine Hill
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Tiffany K Gill
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Bart Koes
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Nadine E Foster
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Philip G Conaghan
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Toby Smith
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Peter Malliaras
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Yngve Roe
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Joel J Gagnier
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| | - Rachelle Buchbinder
- From the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden; Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede; Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne; Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide; University of Technology; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Institute for Work & Health; University of Toronto, Toronto; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Bristol, Bristol; Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leeds; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,S. Ramiro, MD, MSc, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, and Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; M.J. Page, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; S.L. Whittle, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; H. Huang, MPH, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; A.P. Verhagen, MSc, PhD, University of Technology; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and the University of Toronto; P. Richards, Patient Research Partner, University of Bristol; M. Voshaar, MSc, PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Patient Research Partner, OMERACT; B. Shea, PhD, Clinical Investigator and Adjunct Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; D.A. van der Windt, PhD, Professor of Primary Care Epidemiology, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; C. Kopkow, BScPT, MPH, PhD, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum (University of Applied Sciences); M. Lenza, MD, PhD, Professor, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; N.B. Jain, MD, MSPH, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, and Epidemiology (Medicine), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; B. Richards, MBBS(Hons), MClinEpi, MSportsMed, FRACP, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, and University of Sydney; C. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the University of Adelaide; T.K. Gill, MBA, PhD, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide; B. Koes, MSc, PhD, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center; N.E. Foster, DPhil, BSc(Hons), FCSP, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; T. Smith, BSc (Hons), MSc, MA, PhD, MCSP, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford; P. Malliaras, PhD, Monash Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University; Y. Roe, MSc, PhD, Department of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University; J.J. Gagnier, ND, MSc, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan; R. Buchbinder, MBBS (Hons), MSc, PhD, FRACP, FAHMS, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University. J.J. Gagnier and R. Buchbinder contributed equally to this work as senior authors
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Beaton DE, Maxwell LJ, Shea BJ, Wells GA, Boers M, Grosskleg S, Bingham CO, Conaghan PG, D’Agostino MA, de Wit MP, Gossec L, March LM, Simon LS, Singh JA, Strand V, Tugwell P. Instrument Selection Using the OMERACT Filter 2.1: The OMERACT Methodology. J Rheumatol 2019; 46:1028-1035. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.181218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective.Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Filter 2.1 revised the process used for core outcome measurement set selection to add rigor and transparency in decision making. This paper describes OMERACT’s methodology for instrument selection.Methods.We presented instrument selection processes, tools, and reporting templates at OMERACT 2018, introducing the concept of “3 pillars, 4 questions, 7 measurement properties, 1 answer.” Truth, discrimination, and feasibility are the 3 original OMERACT pillars. Based on these, we developed 4 signaling questions. We introduced the Summary of Measurement Properties table that summarizes the 7 measurement properties: truth (domain match, construct validity), discrimination [test-retest reliability, longitudinal construct validity (responsiveness), clinical trial discrimination, thresholds of meaning], and feasibility. These properties address a set of standards which, when met, answer the one question: Is there enough evidence to support the use of this instrument in clinical research of the benefits and harms of treatments in the population and study setting described? The OMERACT Filter 2.1 was piloted on 2 instruments by the Psoriatic Arthritis Working Group.Results.The methodology was reviewed in a full plenary session and facilitated breakout groups. Tools to facilitate retention of the process (i.e., “The OMERACT Way”) were provided. The 2 instruments were presented, and the recommendation of the working group was endorsed in the first OMERACT Filter 2.1 Instrument Selection votes.Conclusion.Instrument selection using OMERACT Filter 2.1 is feasible and is now being implemented.
Collapse
|
31
|
Nielsen SM, Tugwell P, de Wit MP, Boers M, Beaton DE, Woodworth TG, Escorpizo R, Shea B, Toupin-April K, Guillemin F, Strand V, Singh JA, Kloppenburg M, Furst DE, Wells GA, Smolen JS, Veselý R, Boonen A, Storgaard H, Voshaar M, March L, Christensen R. Identifying Provisional Generic Contextual Factor Domains for Clinical Trials in Rheumatology: Results from an OMERACT Initiative. J Rheumatol 2019; 46:1159-1163. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.181081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective.The Contextual Factors Working Group aims to provide guidance on addressing contextual factors in rheumatology trials within OMERACT.Methods.During the Special Interest Group session at OMERACT 2018, preliminary results were presented from a case scenario survey and semistructured interviews, including contextual factors mentioned in these. A group-based exercise sought to identify and rank important generic contextual factors.Results.A total of 79 candidate factors were listed. Across the 3 groups, gender/sex, comorbidities, and the healthcare system were ranked as most important.Conclusion.The identified important contextual factor domains may be considered a provisional list pending further research.
Collapse
|
32
|
Kelly A, Bartlett SJ, de Wit MP, Beaton DE, Dawson T, Evans V, Gill M, Hassett G, March L, Scholte-Voshaar M, Singh JA, Tong A, Tugwell P, Wong P, Tymms K. Addressing Challenges in Developing a Core Domain Set in Adherence Interventions in Rheumatology: A Report from the OMERACT-Adherence Group. J Rheumatol 2019; 46:1202-1206. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.181078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective.The OMERACT-Adherence meeting was convened to discuss the conceptual and methodological challenges in developing a core domain set (Adherence-CDS) for trials of interventions for medication adherence in rheumatology.Methods.Forty participants from nine countries participated.Results.Four ideas emerged: for adherence trials, the Adherence-CDS could include adherence and the condition-specific CDS; many factors affect adherence and are intervention targets, contextual factors, or outcome domains; adherence is a critical factor in drug trials; and standardized adherence measures are needed.Conclusion.Despite the challenges, the meeting clarified an approach to developing an Adherence-CDS that complements existing OMERACT work and methodology.
Collapse
|
33
|
Rotondi NK, Beaton DE, Sujic R, Sale JEM, Ansari H, Elliot-Gibson V, Bogoch ER, Cullen J, Jain R, Slater M. Identifying and Addressing Barriers to Osteoporosis Treatment Associated with Improved Outcomes: An Observational Cohort Study. J Rheumatol 2018; 45:1594-1601. [PMID: 30173147 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.170915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify and address patient-reported barriers in osteoporosis care after a fracture. METHODS A longitudinal cohort of fragility fracture patients over 50 years of age was seen in a provincewide fracture liaison service. Followup interviews were done at 6 months for osteoporosis care indicators. Univariate statistics were used to describe baseline characteristics, osteoporosis-related outcomes, and reasons cited for not achieving them. Two phases of this program were compared (Phase I: education and communication, and Phase II: risk assessment education and communication). Phase II was further divided into those who fully participated and those who declined. RESULTS Phase I (n = 3997) had lower testing and treatment rates than Phase II (n = 1363). Rates were highest in those confirmed as having participated in Phase II (n = 569). Phase II nonparticipants (n = 794) had results as in Phase I. In Phase I, the main patient-reported barriers for not visiting their physician or not having a bone mineral density (BMD) test were patient- and physician-oriented (e.g., being instructed by their physician to not have the BMD test). In Phase II, BMD testing was part of the program, thus the main barriers were around treatment choices. Phase II eligible nonparticipants experienced many of the same barriers as Phase I patients, with lower BMD testing rates (54.9% and 65.4%, respectively). CONCLUSION Evaluating and addressing barriers to guideline implementation reduced those barriers and was associated with higher downstream treatment rates. Monitoring barriers in a program like this provides useful insights for program changes and research interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nooshin K Rotondi
- From the Department of Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,N.K. Rotondi, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Sujic, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; J.E. Sale, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; H. Ansari, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; V. Elliot-Gibson, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; E.R. Bogoch, MD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; J. Cullen, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; R. Jain, MSc, Osteoporosis Canada; M. Slater, PhD, Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- From the Department of Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,N.K. Rotondi, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Sujic, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; J.E. Sale, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; H. Ansari, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; V. Elliot-Gibson, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; E.R. Bogoch, MD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; J. Cullen, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; R. Jain, MSc, Osteoporosis Canada; M. Slater, PhD, Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital.
| | - Rebeka Sujic
- From the Department of Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,N.K. Rotondi, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Sujic, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; J.E. Sale, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; H. Ansari, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; V. Elliot-Gibson, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; E.R. Bogoch, MD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; J. Cullen, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; R. Jain, MSc, Osteoporosis Canada; M. Slater, PhD, Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital
| | - Joanna E M Sale
- From the Department of Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,N.K. Rotondi, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Sujic, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; J.E. Sale, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; H. Ansari, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; V. Elliot-Gibson, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; E.R. Bogoch, MD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; J. Cullen, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; R. Jain, MSc, Osteoporosis Canada; M. Slater, PhD, Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital
| | - Hina Ansari
- From the Department of Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,N.K. Rotondi, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Sujic, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; J.E. Sale, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; H. Ansari, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; V. Elliot-Gibson, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; E.R. Bogoch, MD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; J. Cullen, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; R. Jain, MSc, Osteoporosis Canada; M. Slater, PhD, Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital
| | - Victoria Elliot-Gibson
- From the Department of Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,N.K. Rotondi, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Sujic, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; J.E. Sale, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; H. Ansari, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; V. Elliot-Gibson, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; E.R. Bogoch, MD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; J. Cullen, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; R. Jain, MSc, Osteoporosis Canada; M. Slater, PhD, Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital
| | - Earl R Bogoch
- From the Department of Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,N.K. Rotondi, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Sujic, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; J.E. Sale, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; H. Ansari, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; V. Elliot-Gibson, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; E.R. Bogoch, MD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; J. Cullen, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; R. Jain, MSc, Osteoporosis Canada; M. Slater, PhD, Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital
| | - John Cullen
- From the Department of Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,N.K. Rotondi, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Sujic, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; J.E. Sale, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; H. Ansari, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; V. Elliot-Gibson, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; E.R. Bogoch, MD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; J. Cullen, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; R. Jain, MSc, Osteoporosis Canada; M. Slater, PhD, Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital
| | - Ravi Jain
- From the Department of Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,N.K. Rotondi, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Sujic, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; J.E. Sale, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; H. Ansari, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; V. Elliot-Gibson, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; E.R. Bogoch, MD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; J. Cullen, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; R. Jain, MSc, Osteoporosis Canada; M. Slater, PhD, Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital
| | - Morgan Slater
- From the Department of Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,N.K. Rotondi, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Sujic, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; J.E. Sale, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; H. Ansari, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; V. Elliot-Gibson, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; E.R. Bogoch, MD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; J. Cullen, MSc, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; R. Jain, MSc, Osteoporosis Canada; M. Slater, PhD, Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gignac MAM, Kristman V, Smith PM, Beaton DE, Badley EM, Ibrahim S, Mustard CA, Wang M. Are There Differences in Workplace Accommodation Needs, Use and Unmet Needs Among Older Workers With Arthritis, Diabetes and No Chronic Conditions? Examining the Role of Health and Work Context. Work Aging Retire 2018; 4:381-398. [PMID: 30288294 PMCID: PMC6159000 DOI: 10.1093/workar/way004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aging of workforces combined with the prevalence of age-related chronic diseases has generated interest in whether large numbers of older workers will need workplace accommodations. This research applied work functioning theory to examine accommodation availability, need and use in workers with arthritis, diabetes, or no chronic disabling diseases; factors associated with accommodation needs; and the relationship of accommodation needs met, unmet or exceeded to job outcomes. Participants were aged 50-67 years, employed, and had arthritis (n = 631), diabetes (n = 286), both arthritis/diabetes (n = 111) or no chronic disabling conditions (healthy controls n = 538). They were recruited from a national panel of 80,000 individuals and a cross-sectional survey was administered online or by telephone. Questionnaires assessed demographics, health, work context, workplace accommodations, and job outcomes. Chi-square analyses, analyses of variance, and regression analyses compared groups. Respondents were similar in many demographic and work context factors. As expected, workers with arthritis and/or diabetes often reported poorer health and employment outcomes. Yet, there were few differences across health conditions in need for or use of accommodations with most participants reporting accommodations needs met. In keeping with work functioning theory, unmet accommodation needs were largely related to work context, not health. Workers whose accommodation needs were exceeded reported better job outcomes than those with accommodation needs met. Findings highlight both work context and health in understanding workplace accommodations and suggest that many older workers can meet accommodation needs with existing workplace practices. However, additional research aimed at workplace support and the timing of accommodation use is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monique A M Gignac
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vicki Kristman
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter M Smith
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Mobility Program Clinical Research Unit, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth M Badley
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Cameron A Mustard
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Davis AM, Ibrahim S, Hogg-Johnson S, Beaton DE, Chesworth BM, Gandhi R, Mahomed NN, Perruccio AV, Rajgopal V, Wong R, Waddell JP. Presurgery osteoarthritis severity over 10 years in 2 Ontario prospective total knee replacement cohorts: a cohort study. CMAJ Open 2018; 6:E269-E275. [PMID: 30026190 PMCID: PMC6182103 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20170164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that total knee replacement is being performed in people with less-severe osteoarthritis. We aimed to determine whether there were differences in the presurgery profile, symptoms and disability of 2 cohorts who underwent total knee replacement over a 10-year period. METHODS Patients aged 18-85 years undergoing primary total knee replacement for osteoarthritis at 1 of 4 sites in Toronto and Strathroy, Ontario, were recruited in a cohort study during 2006-2008 (cohort 1) and 2012-2015 (cohort 2). Patients undergoing unicompartmental or revision arthroplasty were excluded. Demographic and health (body mass index [BMI], comorbidity) variables and osteoarthritis severity, as assessed with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and the disability component of the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI-D), were collected before surgery. We calculated proportions, means and standard deviations with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all data. We constructed density plots by tertile score for the WOMAC pain and physical function subscales and the LLFDI-D limitation scale. RESULTS There were 494 patients in cohort 1 and 251 patients in cohort 2. There were no differences in age, sex, education, living status, BMI, comorbidity, pain severity or disability between the cohorts based on overlapping 95% CIs and the density plots. More patients in cohort 1 than in cohort 2 were single (176 [35.6%], 95% CI 32.5%-41.1% v. 63 [25.1%], 95% CI 20.3%-31.0%). Patients in cohort 2 reported less limitation in higher-demand activities than did those in cohort 1 (mean score on LLFDI-D 62.3 [95% CI 60.7-63.9] v. 59.2 [95% CI 58.2-60.2]). INTERPRETATION The patient profile and reported osteoarthritis severity were similar in 2 cohorts that had total knee replacement over a 10-year period. This suggests that increasing total knee replacement volumes over this period likely were not driven by these factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aileen M Davis
- Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research (Davis, Perruccio, Wong), Krembil Research Institute and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; Institute for Work and Health (Ibrahim, Beaton); Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (Hogg-Johnson); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Hogg-Johnson), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Beaton), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Physical Therapy (Chesworth), Western University, London, Ont.; Arthritis Program (Gandhi, Mahomed), Toronto Western Hospital and Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Orthopaedic Surgery (Rajgopal), Strathroy Middlesex General Hospital, Strathroy, Ont.; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (Waddell), St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
| | - Selahadin Ibrahim
- Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research (Davis, Perruccio, Wong), Krembil Research Institute and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; Institute for Work and Health (Ibrahim, Beaton); Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (Hogg-Johnson); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Hogg-Johnson), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Beaton), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Physical Therapy (Chesworth), Western University, London, Ont.; Arthritis Program (Gandhi, Mahomed), Toronto Western Hospital and Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Orthopaedic Surgery (Rajgopal), Strathroy Middlesex General Hospital, Strathroy, Ont.; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (Waddell), St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Sheilah Hogg-Johnson
- Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research (Davis, Perruccio, Wong), Krembil Research Institute and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; Institute for Work and Health (Ibrahim, Beaton); Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (Hogg-Johnson); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Hogg-Johnson), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Beaton), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Physical Therapy (Chesworth), Western University, London, Ont.; Arthritis Program (Gandhi, Mahomed), Toronto Western Hospital and Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Orthopaedic Surgery (Rajgopal), Strathroy Middlesex General Hospital, Strathroy, Ont.; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (Waddell), St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research (Davis, Perruccio, Wong), Krembil Research Institute and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; Institute for Work and Health (Ibrahim, Beaton); Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (Hogg-Johnson); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Hogg-Johnson), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Beaton), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Physical Therapy (Chesworth), Western University, London, Ont.; Arthritis Program (Gandhi, Mahomed), Toronto Western Hospital and Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Orthopaedic Surgery (Rajgopal), Strathroy Middlesex General Hospital, Strathroy, Ont.; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (Waddell), St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Bert M Chesworth
- Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research (Davis, Perruccio, Wong), Krembil Research Institute and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; Institute for Work and Health (Ibrahim, Beaton); Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (Hogg-Johnson); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Hogg-Johnson), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Beaton), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Physical Therapy (Chesworth), Western University, London, Ont.; Arthritis Program (Gandhi, Mahomed), Toronto Western Hospital and Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Orthopaedic Surgery (Rajgopal), Strathroy Middlesex General Hospital, Strathroy, Ont.; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (Waddell), St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Rajiv Gandhi
- Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research (Davis, Perruccio, Wong), Krembil Research Institute and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; Institute for Work and Health (Ibrahim, Beaton); Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (Hogg-Johnson); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Hogg-Johnson), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Beaton), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Physical Therapy (Chesworth), Western University, London, Ont.; Arthritis Program (Gandhi, Mahomed), Toronto Western Hospital and Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Orthopaedic Surgery (Rajgopal), Strathroy Middlesex General Hospital, Strathroy, Ont.; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (Waddell), St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Nizar N Mahomed
- Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research (Davis, Perruccio, Wong), Krembil Research Institute and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; Institute for Work and Health (Ibrahim, Beaton); Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (Hogg-Johnson); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Hogg-Johnson), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Beaton), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Physical Therapy (Chesworth), Western University, London, Ont.; Arthritis Program (Gandhi, Mahomed), Toronto Western Hospital and Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Orthopaedic Surgery (Rajgopal), Strathroy Middlesex General Hospital, Strathroy, Ont.; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (Waddell), St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Anthony V Perruccio
- Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research (Davis, Perruccio, Wong), Krembil Research Institute and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; Institute for Work and Health (Ibrahim, Beaton); Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (Hogg-Johnson); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Hogg-Johnson), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Beaton), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Physical Therapy (Chesworth), Western University, London, Ont.; Arthritis Program (Gandhi, Mahomed), Toronto Western Hospital and Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Orthopaedic Surgery (Rajgopal), Strathroy Middlesex General Hospital, Strathroy, Ont.; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (Waddell), St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Vaishnav Rajgopal
- Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research (Davis, Perruccio, Wong), Krembil Research Institute and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; Institute for Work and Health (Ibrahim, Beaton); Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (Hogg-Johnson); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Hogg-Johnson), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Beaton), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Physical Therapy (Chesworth), Western University, London, Ont.; Arthritis Program (Gandhi, Mahomed), Toronto Western Hospital and Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Orthopaedic Surgery (Rajgopal), Strathroy Middlesex General Hospital, Strathroy, Ont.; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (Waddell), St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Rosalind Wong
- Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research (Davis, Perruccio, Wong), Krembil Research Institute and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; Institute for Work and Health (Ibrahim, Beaton); Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (Hogg-Johnson); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Hogg-Johnson), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Beaton), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Physical Therapy (Chesworth), Western University, London, Ont.; Arthritis Program (Gandhi, Mahomed), Toronto Western Hospital and Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Orthopaedic Surgery (Rajgopal), Strathroy Middlesex General Hospital, Strathroy, Ont.; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (Waddell), St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - James P Waddell
- Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research (Davis, Perruccio, Wong), Krembil Research Institute and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; Institute for Work and Health (Ibrahim, Beaton); Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (Hogg-Johnson); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Hogg-Johnson), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Beaton), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Physical Therapy (Chesworth), Western University, London, Ont.; Arthritis Program (Gandhi, Mahomed), Toronto Western Hospital and Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Orthopaedic Surgery (Rajgopal), Strathroy Middlesex General Hospital, Strathroy, Ont.; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (Waddell), St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
|
37
|
Engel L, Chui A, Beaton DE, Green RE, Dawson DR. Systematic Review of Measurement Property Evidence for 8 Financial Management Instruments in Populations With Acquired Cognitive Impairment. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2018. [PMID: 29524397 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To critically appraise the measurement property evidence (ie, psychometric) for 8 observation-based financial management assessment instruments. DATA SOURCES Seven databases were searched in May 2015. STUDY SELECTION Two reviewers used an independent decision-agreement process to select studies of measurement property evidence relevant to populations with adulthood acquired cognitive impairment, appraise the quality of the evidence, and extract data. Twenty-one articles were selected. DATA EXTRACTION This review used the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments review guidelines and 4-point tool to appraise evidence. After appraising the methodologic quality, the adequacy of results and volume of evidence per instrument were synthesized. Measurement property evidence with high risk of bias was excluded from the synthesis. DATA SYNTHESIS The volume of measurement property evidence per instrument is low; most instruments had 1 to 3 included studies. Many included studies had poor methodologic quality per measurement property evidence area examined. Six of the 8 instruments reviewed had supporting construct validity/hypothesis-testing evidence of fair methodologic quality. There is a dearth of acceptable quality content validity, reliability, and responsiveness evidence for all 8 instruments. CONCLUSIONS Rehabilitation practitioners assess financial management functions in adults with acquired cognitive impairments. However, there is limited published evidence to support using any of the reviewed instruments. Practitioners should exercise caution when interpreting the results of these instruments. This review highlights the importance of appraising the quality of measurement property evidence before examining the adequacy of the results and synthesizing the evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Engel
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Adora Chui
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Work & Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robin E Green
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Deirdre R Dawson
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kennedy CA, Beaton DE. A user's survey of the clinical application and content validity of the DASH (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand) outcome measure. J Hand Ther 2017; 30:30-40.e2. [PMID: 27469538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jht.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Survey. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY To elicit feedback on the clinical use and content validity of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) outcome measure from frontline users of the instrument. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was administered to registered DASH users and inquired about how the DASH was being used and to identify the informational value of items of the DASH (content validity). RESULTS About 172 completed the survey. One or both of the DASH and/or QuickDASH were consistently (89.5%) being used. About 90% were using it in adults (21-65 years), and at least 70% were using it across the entire extremity, and to a lesser extent, 10% reported using it in isolated neck injuries. Most respondents (66.9%-75.8%) were using the DASH in musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders, with some applying it for other more unique or non-MSK conditions (2.5%-16.6%). All but 1 of the 30 DASH items had at least 10% endorsement as being informative, and 4 items were identified as being problematic by greater than 20%. CONCLUSIONS The DASH is being used as intended (whole extremity and MSK conditions), and in addition, it is being used in different body regions and diverse conditions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Not applicable (descriptive survey).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Kennedy
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mobility Program, Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mobility Program, Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Beaton DE, Mamdani M, Zheng H, Jaglal S, Cadarette SM, Bogoch ER, Sale JEM, Sujic R, Jain R. Improvements in osteoporosis testing and care are found following the wide scale implementation of the Ontario Fracture Clinic Screening Program: An interrupted time series analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e9012. [PMID: 29310418 PMCID: PMC5728819 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated a system-wide impact of a health intervention to improve treatment of osteoporosis after a fragility fracture. The intervention consisted of assigning a screening coordinator to selected fracture clinics to identify, educate, and follow up with fragility fracture patients and inform their physicians of the need to evaluate bone health. Thirty-seven hospitals in the province of Ontario (Canada) were assigned a screening coordinator. Twenty-three similar hospitals were control sites. All hospitals had orthopedic services and handled moderate-to-higher volumes of fracture patients. Administrative health data were used to evaluate the impact of the intervention.Fragility fracture patients (≥50 years; hip, humerus, forearm, spine, or pelvis fracture) were identified from administrative health records. Cases were fractures treated at 1 of the 37 hospitals assigned a coordinator. Controls were the same types of fractures at the control sites. Data were assembled for 20 quarters before and 10 quarters after the implementation (from January 2002 to March 2010). To test for a shift in trends, we employed an interrupted time series analysis-a study design used to evaluate the longitudinal effects of interventions, through regression modelling. The primary outcome measure was bone mineral density (BMD) testing. Osteoporosis medication initiation and persistence rates were secondary outcomes in a subset of patients ≥66 years of age.A total of 147,071 patients were used in the analysis. BMD testing rates increased from 17.0% pre-intervention to 20.9% post-intervention at intervention sites (P < .01) compared with no change at control sites (14.9% and 14.9%, P = .33). Medication initiation improved significantly at intervention sites (21.6-23.97%; P = .02) but not at control sites (17.5-18.5%; P = .27). Persistence with bisphosphonates decreased at all sites, from 59.9% to 56.4% at intervention sites (P = .02) and more so from 62.3% to 54.2% at control sites (P < .01) using 50% proportion of days covered (PDC 50).Significant improvements in BMD testing and treatment initiation were observed after the initiation of a coordinator-based screening program to improve osteoporosis management following fragility fracture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorcas E. Beaton
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto
- Occupational Sciences and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto
- Institute for Work & Health
| | - Muhammad Mamdani
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto
- Li Ka Shing Centre for Healthcare Analytics Research & Training, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto
| | - Hong Zheng
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences
| | - Susan Jaglal
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto
| | - Suzanne M. Cadarette
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto
| | - Earl R. Bogoch
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto
| | - Joanna E. M. Sale
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto
| | - Rebeka Sujic
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital
| | - Ravi Jain
- Ontario Osteoporosis Strategy, Osteoporosis Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ansari H, Beaton DE, Sujic R, Rotondi NK, Cullen JD, Slater M, Sale JEM, Jain R, Bogoch ER. Equal treatment: no evidence of gender inequity in osteoporosis management in a coordinator-based fragility fracture screening program. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:3401-3406. [PMID: 28891035 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-017-4206-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We evaluated gender imbalance in osteoporosis management in a provincial coordinator-based fracture prevention program and found no difference by gender in treatment of high-risk fragility fracture patients. This establishes that a systemic approach with interventions for all fragility fracture patients can eliminate the gender inequity that is often observed. INRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to evaluate an Ontario-based fracture prevention program for its ability to address the well-documented gender imbalance in osteoporosis (OP) management, by incorporating its integrated fracture risk assessments within a needs-based evaluation of equity. METHODS Fragility fracture patients (≥ 50 years) who were treatment naïve at screening and completed follow-up within 6 months of screening were studied. Patients who underwent bone mineral density (BMD) testing done in the year prior to their current fracture were excluded. All participants had BMD testing conducted through the Ontario OP Strategy Fracture Screening and Prevention program, thus providing us with fracture risk assessment data. Our primary study outcome was treatment initiation at follow-up within 6 months of screening. Gender differences were compared using Fisher's exact test, at p < 0.05. RESULTS After adjusting for subsequent fracture risk, study participants did not show a statistically significant gender difference in pharmacotherapy initiation at follow-up (p > 0.05). 68.4% of women and 66.2% of men at high risk were treated within 6 months of screening. CONCLUSION Needs-based analyses show no difference by gender in treatment of high-risk fragility fracture patients. An intensive coordinator-based fracture prevention model adopted in Ontario, Canada was not associated with gender inequity in OP treatment of fragility fracture patients after fracture risk adjustment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Ansari
- Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - D E Beaton
- Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Health Policy, Management & Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute for Work & Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - R Sujic
- Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - N K Rotondi
- Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J D Cullen
- Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Slater
- Department of Community & Family Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J E M Sale
- Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Work & Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R Jain
- Osteoporosis Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E R Bogoch
- Mobility Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
O'Hara NN, Garibaldi A, Sprague S, Jackson J, Kwok AK, Beaton DE, Bhandari M, Slobogean GP. Rehabilitation, not injury or treatment details, dominate proximal humeral fracture patient concerns: a thematic analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5750/ejpch.v5i3.1328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background, objectives, and aims: To provide treatment using a patient-centered care model, the provider must understand the needs and wants of the patient and ensure the patient has access to appropriate and necessary health information. The objective of this study was to determine what information is most desired by proximal humeral fracture patients following their injury.Methods: This qualitative study enrolled patients aged 60 years or older presenting with a proximal humeral fracture. Semi-structured interviews were conducted within one-month of injury and at 6-months post-injury. The interviews were transcribed, coded and analyzed using thematic analysis.Results: Four themes (biomedical information, recovery, engagement opportunities and support available) emerged from the coded data. Within one-month post-injury, the most commonly identified themes were rehabilitation and support available. Six-months after the injury, the most commonly identified theme remained rehabilitation, while the second most frequently identified theme shifted to engagement opportunities. The biomedical information theme emerged infrequently at both interviews. Conclusions: Patient-centered care models for proximal humeral fracture patients could be improved by adapting to dynamic information concerns. While the effect of the injury on the patient’s rehabilitation remained the leading concern for the duration of the study period, secondary concerns did change over time. Providing germane information to patients at timely intervals supports patient-centered care, patient engagement and ultimately may improve patient care.
Collapse
|
42
|
Tunis SR, Maxwell LJ, Graham ID, Shea BJ, Beaton DE, Bingham CO, Brooks P, Conaghan PG, D'Agostino MA, de Wit MP, Gossec L, March LM, Simon LS, Singh JA, Strand V, Wells GA, Tugwell P. Engaging Stakeholders and Promoting Uptake of OMERACT Core Outcome Instrument Sets. J Rheumatol 2017; 44:1551-1559. [PMID: 28765256 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.161273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While there has been substantial progress in the development of core outcomes sets, the degree to which these are used by researchers is variable. We convened a special workshop on knowledge translation at the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) 2016 with 2 main goals. The first focused on the development of a formal knowledge translation framework and the second on promoting uptake of recommended core outcome domain and instrument sets. METHODS We invited all 189 OMERACT 2016 attendees to the workshop; 86 attended, representing patient research partners (n = 15), healthcare providers/clinician researchers (n = 52), industry (n = 4), regulatory agencies (n = 4), and OMERACT fellows (n = 11). Participants were given an introduction to knowledge translation and were asked to propose and discuss recommendations for the OMERACT community to (1) strengthen stakeholder involvement in the core outcome instrument set development process, and (2) promote uptake of core outcome sets with a specific focus on the potential role of post-regulatory decision makers. RESULTS We developed the novel "OMERACT integrated knowledge translation" framework, which formalizes OMERACT's knowledge translation strategies. We produced strategies to improve stakeholder engagement throughout the process of core outcome set development and created a list of creative and innovative ways to promote the uptake of OMERACT's core outcome sets. CONCLUSION The guidance provided in this paper is preliminary and is based on the views of the participants. Future work will engage OMERACT groups, "post-regulatory decision makers," and a broad range of different stakeholders to identify and evaluate the most useful methods and processes, and to revise guidance accordingly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean R Tunis
- From the Center for Medical Technology Policy; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Paris, France; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,IDG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant Scheme (RFN #143237), focused on understanding the process and effect of integrated knowledge translation. COB has received funding from a Eugene Washington Engagement Award (EIAN 1988) from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). All statements and views expressed in this report, including its findings and conclusions, are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, its board of governors, or methodology committee; or the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health; or the position or policy of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. PGC is funded in part by the NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit. This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Takeda and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity.,S.R. Tunis, MD, MSc, President and CEO, Center for Medical Technology Policy; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; I.D. Graham, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; B.J. Shea, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P. Brooks, MD, FRACP, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; P.G. Conaghan, MD, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, APHP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Research Partner, Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L.M. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-managing Director of SDG LLC; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; V. Strand, MD, Adjunct Clinical Professor, Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | - Lara J Maxwell
- From the Center for Medical Technology Policy; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Paris, France; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. .,IDG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant Scheme (RFN #143237), focused on understanding the process and effect of integrated knowledge translation. COB has received funding from a Eugene Washington Engagement Award (EIAN 1988) from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). All statements and views expressed in this report, including its findings and conclusions, are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, its board of governors, or methodology committee; or the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health; or the position or policy of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. PGC is funded in part by the NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit. This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Takeda and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. .,S.R. Tunis, MD, MSc, President and CEO, Center for Medical Technology Policy; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; I.D. Graham, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; B.J. Shea, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P. Brooks, MD, FRACP, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; P.G. Conaghan, MD, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, APHP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Research Partner, Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L.M. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-managing Director of SDG LLC; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; V. Strand, MD, Adjunct Clinical Professor, Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa.
| | - Ian D Graham
- From the Center for Medical Technology Policy; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Paris, France; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,IDG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant Scheme (RFN #143237), focused on understanding the process and effect of integrated knowledge translation. COB has received funding from a Eugene Washington Engagement Award (EIAN 1988) from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). All statements and views expressed in this report, including its findings and conclusions, are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, its board of governors, or methodology committee; or the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health; or the position or policy of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. PGC is funded in part by the NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit. This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Takeda and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity.,S.R. Tunis, MD, MSc, President and CEO, Center for Medical Technology Policy; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; I.D. Graham, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; B.J. Shea, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P. Brooks, MD, FRACP, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; P.G. Conaghan, MD, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, APHP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Research Partner, Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L.M. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-managing Director of SDG LLC; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; V. Strand, MD, Adjunct Clinical Professor, Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | - Beverley J Shea
- From the Center for Medical Technology Policy; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Paris, France; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,IDG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant Scheme (RFN #143237), focused on understanding the process and effect of integrated knowledge translation. COB has received funding from a Eugene Washington Engagement Award (EIAN 1988) from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). All statements and views expressed in this report, including its findings and conclusions, are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, its board of governors, or methodology committee; or the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health; or the position or policy of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. PGC is funded in part by the NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit. This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Takeda and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity.,S.R. Tunis, MD, MSc, President and CEO, Center for Medical Technology Policy; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; I.D. Graham, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; B.J. Shea, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P. Brooks, MD, FRACP, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; P.G. Conaghan, MD, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, APHP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Research Partner, Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L.M. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-managing Director of SDG LLC; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; V. Strand, MD, Adjunct Clinical Professor, Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- From the Center for Medical Technology Policy; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Paris, France; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,IDG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant Scheme (RFN #143237), focused on understanding the process and effect of integrated knowledge translation. COB has received funding from a Eugene Washington Engagement Award (EIAN 1988) from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). All statements and views expressed in this report, including its findings and conclusions, are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, its board of governors, or methodology committee; or the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health; or the position or policy of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. PGC is funded in part by the NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit. This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Takeda and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity.,S.R. Tunis, MD, MSc, President and CEO, Center for Medical Technology Policy; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; I.D. Graham, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; B.J. Shea, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P. Brooks, MD, FRACP, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; P.G. Conaghan, MD, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, APHP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Research Partner, Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L.M. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-managing Director of SDG LLC; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; V. Strand, MD, Adjunct Clinical Professor, Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | - Clifton O Bingham
- From the Center for Medical Technology Policy; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Paris, France; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,IDG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant Scheme (RFN #143237), focused on understanding the process and effect of integrated knowledge translation. COB has received funding from a Eugene Washington Engagement Award (EIAN 1988) from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). All statements and views expressed in this report, including its findings and conclusions, are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, its board of governors, or methodology committee; or the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health; or the position or policy of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. PGC is funded in part by the NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit. This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Takeda and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity.,S.R. Tunis, MD, MSc, President and CEO, Center for Medical Technology Policy; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; I.D. Graham, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; B.J. Shea, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P. Brooks, MD, FRACP, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; P.G. Conaghan, MD, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, APHP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Research Partner, Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L.M. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-managing Director of SDG LLC; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; V. Strand, MD, Adjunct Clinical Professor, Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | - Peter Brooks
- From the Center for Medical Technology Policy; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Paris, France; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,IDG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant Scheme (RFN #143237), focused on understanding the process and effect of integrated knowledge translation. COB has received funding from a Eugene Washington Engagement Award (EIAN 1988) from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). All statements and views expressed in this report, including its findings and conclusions, are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, its board of governors, or methodology committee; or the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health; or the position or policy of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. PGC is funded in part by the NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit. This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Takeda and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity.,S.R. Tunis, MD, MSc, President and CEO, Center for Medical Technology Policy; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; I.D. Graham, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; B.J. Shea, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P. Brooks, MD, FRACP, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; P.G. Conaghan, MD, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, APHP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Research Partner, Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L.M. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-managing Director of SDG LLC; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; V. Strand, MD, Adjunct Clinical Professor, Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | - Philip G Conaghan
- From the Center for Medical Technology Policy; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Paris, France; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,IDG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant Scheme (RFN #143237), focused on understanding the process and effect of integrated knowledge translation. COB has received funding from a Eugene Washington Engagement Award (EIAN 1988) from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). All statements and views expressed in this report, including its findings and conclusions, are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, its board of governors, or methodology committee; or the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health; or the position or policy of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. PGC is funded in part by the NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit. This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Takeda and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity.,S.R. Tunis, MD, MSc, President and CEO, Center for Medical Technology Policy; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; I.D. Graham, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; B.J. Shea, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P. Brooks, MD, FRACP, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; P.G. Conaghan, MD, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, APHP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Research Partner, Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L.M. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-managing Director of SDG LLC; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; V. Strand, MD, Adjunct Clinical Professor, Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | - Maria Antonietta D'Agostino
- From the Center for Medical Technology Policy; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Paris, France; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,IDG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant Scheme (RFN #143237), focused on understanding the process and effect of integrated knowledge translation. COB has received funding from a Eugene Washington Engagement Award (EIAN 1988) from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). All statements and views expressed in this report, including its findings and conclusions, are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, its board of governors, or methodology committee; or the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health; or the position or policy of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. PGC is funded in part by the NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit. This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Takeda and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity.,S.R. Tunis, MD, MSc, President and CEO, Center for Medical Technology Policy; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; I.D. Graham, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; B.J. Shea, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P. Brooks, MD, FRACP, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; P.G. Conaghan, MD, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, APHP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Research Partner, Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L.M. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-managing Director of SDG LLC; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; V. Strand, MD, Adjunct Clinical Professor, Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | - Maarten P de Wit
- From the Center for Medical Technology Policy; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Paris, France; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,IDG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant Scheme (RFN #143237), focused on understanding the process and effect of integrated knowledge translation. COB has received funding from a Eugene Washington Engagement Award (EIAN 1988) from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). All statements and views expressed in this report, including its findings and conclusions, are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, its board of governors, or methodology committee; or the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health; or the position or policy of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. PGC is funded in part by the NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit. This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Takeda and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity.,S.R. Tunis, MD, MSc, President and CEO, Center for Medical Technology Policy; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; I.D. Graham, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; B.J. Shea, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P. Brooks, MD, FRACP, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; P.G. Conaghan, MD, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, APHP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Research Partner, Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L.M. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-managing Director of SDG LLC; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; V. Strand, MD, Adjunct Clinical Professor, Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | - Laure Gossec
- From the Center for Medical Technology Policy; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Paris, France; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,IDG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant Scheme (RFN #143237), focused on understanding the process and effect of integrated knowledge translation. COB has received funding from a Eugene Washington Engagement Award (EIAN 1988) from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). All statements and views expressed in this report, including its findings and conclusions, are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, its board of governors, or methodology committee; or the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health; or the position or policy of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. PGC is funded in part by the NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit. This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Takeda and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity.,S.R. Tunis, MD, MSc, President and CEO, Center for Medical Technology Policy; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; I.D. Graham, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; B.J. Shea, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P. Brooks, MD, FRACP, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; P.G. Conaghan, MD, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, APHP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Research Partner, Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L.M. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-managing Director of SDG LLC; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; V. Strand, MD, Adjunct Clinical Professor, Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | - Lyn M March
- From the Center for Medical Technology Policy; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Paris, France; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,IDG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant Scheme (RFN #143237), focused on understanding the process and effect of integrated knowledge translation. COB has received funding from a Eugene Washington Engagement Award (EIAN 1988) from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). All statements and views expressed in this report, including its findings and conclusions, are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, its board of governors, or methodology committee; or the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health; or the position or policy of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. PGC is funded in part by the NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit. This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Takeda and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity.,S.R. Tunis, MD, MSc, President and CEO, Center for Medical Technology Policy; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; I.D. Graham, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; B.J. Shea, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P. Brooks, MD, FRACP, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; P.G. Conaghan, MD, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, APHP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Research Partner, Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L.M. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-managing Director of SDG LLC; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; V. Strand, MD, Adjunct Clinical Professor, Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | - Lee S Simon
- From the Center for Medical Technology Policy; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Paris, France; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,IDG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant Scheme (RFN #143237), focused on understanding the process and effect of integrated knowledge translation. COB has received funding from a Eugene Washington Engagement Award (EIAN 1988) from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). All statements and views expressed in this report, including its findings and conclusions, are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, its board of governors, or methodology committee; or the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health; or the position or policy of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. PGC is funded in part by the NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit. This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Takeda and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity.,S.R. Tunis, MD, MSc, President and CEO, Center for Medical Technology Policy; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; I.D. Graham, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; B.J. Shea, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P. Brooks, MD, FRACP, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; P.G. Conaghan, MD, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, APHP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Research Partner, Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L.M. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-managing Director of SDG LLC; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; V. Strand, MD, Adjunct Clinical Professor, Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | - Jasvinder A Singh
- From the Center for Medical Technology Policy; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Paris, France; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,IDG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant Scheme (RFN #143237), focused on understanding the process and effect of integrated knowledge translation. COB has received funding from a Eugene Washington Engagement Award (EIAN 1988) from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). All statements and views expressed in this report, including its findings and conclusions, are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, its board of governors, or methodology committee; or the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health; or the position or policy of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. PGC is funded in part by the NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit. This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Takeda and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity.,S.R. Tunis, MD, MSc, President and CEO, Center for Medical Technology Policy; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; I.D. Graham, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; B.J. Shea, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P. Brooks, MD, FRACP, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; P.G. Conaghan, MD, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, APHP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Research Partner, Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L.M. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-managing Director of SDG LLC; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; V. Strand, MD, Adjunct Clinical Professor, Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | - Vibeke Strand
- From the Center for Medical Technology Policy; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Paris, France; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,IDG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant Scheme (RFN #143237), focused on understanding the process and effect of integrated knowledge translation. COB has received funding from a Eugene Washington Engagement Award (EIAN 1988) from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). All statements and views expressed in this report, including its findings and conclusions, are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, its board of governors, or methodology committee; or the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health; or the position or policy of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. PGC is funded in part by the NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit. This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Takeda and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity.,S.R. Tunis, MD, MSc, President and CEO, Center for Medical Technology Policy; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; I.D. Graham, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; B.J. Shea, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P. Brooks, MD, FRACP, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; P.G. Conaghan, MD, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, APHP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Research Partner, Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L.M. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-managing Director of SDG LLC; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; V. Strand, MD, Adjunct Clinical Professor, Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | - George A Wells
- From the Center for Medical Technology Policy; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Paris, France; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,IDG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant Scheme (RFN #143237), focused on understanding the process and effect of integrated knowledge translation. COB has received funding from a Eugene Washington Engagement Award (EIAN 1988) from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). All statements and views expressed in this report, including its findings and conclusions, are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, its board of governors, or methodology committee; or the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health; or the position or policy of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. PGC is funded in part by the NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit. This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Takeda and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity.,S.R. Tunis, MD, MSc, President and CEO, Center for Medical Technology Policy; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; I.D. Graham, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; B.J. Shea, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P. Brooks, MD, FRACP, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; P.G. Conaghan, MD, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, APHP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Research Partner, Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L.M. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-managing Director of SDG LLC; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; V. Strand, MD, Adjunct Clinical Professor, Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | - Peter Tugwell
- From the Center for Medical Technology Policy; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; SDG LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA; Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt; INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Paris, France; Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,IDG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant Scheme (RFN #143237), focused on understanding the process and effect of integrated knowledge translation. COB has received funding from a Eugene Washington Engagement Award (EIAN 1988) from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). All statements and views expressed in this report, including its findings and conclusions, are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of PCORI, its board of governors, or methodology committee; or the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health; or the position or policy of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. PGC is funded in part by the NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit. This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Takeda and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity.,S.R. Tunis, MD, MSc, President and CEO, Center for Medical Technology Policy; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal, University of Ottawa and Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; I.D. Graham, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; B.J. Shea, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute and the Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; P. Brooks, MD, FRACP, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; P.G. Conaghan, MD, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; M.A. D'Agostino, MD, PhD, APHP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Rheumatology Department, and INSERM U1173, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Research Partner, Department of Medical Humanities, VU University Medical Centre/EMGO+ Institute; L. Gossec, MD, PhD, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Rheumatology; L.M. March, MBBS, PhD, Liggins Professor of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Epidemiology, Sydney Medical School, Institute of Bone and Joint Research and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital; L.S. Simon, MD, Co-managing Director of SDG LLC; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; V. Strand, MD, Adjunct Clinical Professor, Division of Immunology/Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Vaillancourt S, Seaton MB, Schull MJ, Cheng AHY, Beaton DE, Laupacis A, Dainty KN. Patients' Perspectives on Outcomes of Care After Discharge From the Emergency Department: A Qualitative Study. Ann Emerg Med 2017; 70:648-658.e2. [PMID: 28712607 DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Much effort has been expended to understand what care experiences patients value in the emergency department (ED), yet little is known about which outcomes patients value after ED care. Our goal is to define outcomes of ED care that are valued by patients discharged from the ED, with the goal of informing the development of a patient-reported outcome measure for ED care. METHODS We conducted qualitative semistructured interviews with patients recruited during their care at 1 of 2 EDs and interviewed in either English or French 1 to 9 days after their visit. Patients who were hospitalized were excluded. Interviews focused on perceived outcomes of care since the ED visit and expectations of care before the ED visit. We identified themes with standard descriptive content analysis techniques and a modified version of the constant comparative method, drawing on grounded theory methods. RESULTS We interviewed 46 patients in English (n=38) or French (n=8). Participants with diverse reasons for seeking care appeared to value common outcomes from ED care that centered around 4 themes: understanding the cause and expected trajectory of their symptoms; reassurance; symptom relief; and having a plan to manage their symptoms, resolve their issue, or pursue further medical care. These themes were also reflected in the expectations participants recalled having when they decided to seek care in the ED. CONCLUSION The 4 outcomes defined constitute areas for improvement and will inform the development of an ED patient-reported outcome questionnaire. Consideration should be given to measuring patient-reported outcomes separately from patient experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Vaillancourt
- Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto.
| | | | - Michael J Schull
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; Department of Emergency Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, and the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences
| | - Amy H Y Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto; Institute for Work & Health
| | - Andreas Laupacis
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto
| | - Katie N Dainty
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Finger ME, Boonen A, Woodworth TG, Escorpizo R, Christensen R, Nielsen SM, Leong AL, Scholte Voshaar M, Flurey CA, Milman N, Verstappen SM, Alten R, Guillemin F, Kloppenburg M, Beaton DE, Tugwell PS, March LM, Furst DE, Pohl C. An OMERACT Initiative Toward Consensus to Identify and Characterize Candidate Contextual Factors: Report from the Contextual Factors Working Group. J Rheumatol 2017; 44:1734-1739. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.161200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective.The importance of contextual factors (CF) for appropriate patient-specific care is widely acknowledged. However, evidence in clinical trials on how CF influence outcomes remains sparse. The 2014 Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Handbook introduced the role of CF in outcome assessment and defined them as “potential confounders and/or effect modifiers of outcomes in randomized controlled trials.” Subsequently, the CF Methods Group (CFMG) was formed to develop guidance on how to address CF in clinical trials.Methods.First, the CFMG conducted an e-mail survey of OMERACT working groups (WG) to analyze how they had addressed CF in outcome measurement so far. The results facilitated an informed discussion at the OMERACT 2016 CFMG Special Interest Group (SIG) session, with the aim of gaining preliminary consensus regarding an operational definition of CF and to make a first selection of potentially relevant CF.Results.The survey revealed that the WG had mostly used the OMERACT Handbook and/or the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) definition. However, significant heterogeneity was found in the methods used to identify, refine, and categorize CF candidates. The SIG participants agreed on using the ICF as a framework along with the OMERACT Handbook definition. A list with 28 variables was collected including person-related factors and physical and social environments. Recommendations from the SIG guided the CFMG to formulate 3 preliminary projects on how to identify and analyze CF.Conclusion.New methods are urgently needed to assist researchers to identify and characterize CF that significantly influence the interpretation of results in clinical trials. The CFMG defined first steps to develop further guidance.
Collapse
|
45
|
Beaton DE, Vidmar M, Pitzul KB, Sujic R, Rotondi NK, Bogoch ER, Sale JEM, Jain R, Weldon J. Addition of a fracture risk assessment to a coordinator's role improved treatment rates within 6 months of screening in a fragility fracture screening program. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:863-869. [PMID: 27770155 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3794-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We evaluated the impact of a more intensive version of an existing post-fracture coordinator-based fracture prevention program and found that the addition of a full-risk assessment improved treatment rates. These findings provide additional support for more intensive programs aimed at reducing the risk of re-fractures. INTRODUCTION Evidence-based guidelines support coordinator-based programs to improve post-fracture osteoporosis guideline uptake, with more intensive programs including bone mineral density (BMD) testing and/or treatment being associated with better patient outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a more intensive version (BMD "fast track") of an existing provincial coordinator-based program. METHODS We compared two versions of the program that screened treatment naïve fragility fracture patients (>50 years). Cases came from the BMD fast track program that included full fracture risk assessment and communication of relevant guidelines to the primary care provider (PCP). Matched controls were selected from the usual care program matching according to age, sex, fracture type, and date. Two matching techniques were used: traditional (hard) matching (TM) and propensity score matching (PS). The outcomes were treatment initiation with bone sparing medication, BMD testing rate, and the rate of returning to discuss the test results with a PCP. RESULTS The program improvements led to a significant improvement in treatment initiation within 6 months from 16 % (controls based on PS) or 21 % (controls based on TM) to 32 % (cases). Ninety percent of patients in the BMD fast track program returned to their PCP to discuss bone health in the cases versus 60 % of the controls (for TM and PS). BMD testing occurred in 96 % of cases compared to the 66 (TM) or 65 % (PS) of the matched controls. CONCLUSIONS Addition of a full-risk assessment to a coordinator-based program significantly improved treatment rates within 6 months of screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D E Beaton
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada.
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - M Vidmar
- Analytics & Informatics: Access to Care, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - K B Pitzul
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R Sujic
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - N K Rotondi
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - E R Bogoch
- Mobility Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J E M Sale
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R Jain
- Osteoporosis Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Weldon
- Osteoporosis Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Warmington K, Flewelling C, Kennedy CA, Shupak R, Papachristos A, Jones C, Linton D, Beaton DE, Lineker S. Telemedicine delivery of patient education in remote Ontario communities: feasibility of an Advanced Clinician Practitioner in Arthritis Care (ACPAC)-led inflammatory arthritis education program. Open Access Rheumatol 2017; 9:11-19. [PMID: 28280400 PMCID: PMC5338940 DOI: 10.2147/oarrr.s122015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Telemedicine-based approaches to health care service delivery improve access to care. It was recognized that adults with inflammatory arthritis (IA) living in remote areas had limited access to patient education and could benefit from the 1-day Prescription for Education (RxEd) program. The program was delivered by extended role practitioners with advanced training in arthritis care. Normally offered at one urban center, RxEd was adapted for videoconference delivery through two educator development workshops that addressed telemedicine and adult education best practices. This study explores the feasibility of and participant satisfaction with telemedicine delivery of the RxEd program in remote communities. Materials and methods Participants included adults with IA attending the RxEd program at one of six rural sites. They completed post-course program evaluations and follow-up interviews. Educators provided post-course feedback to identify program improvements that were later implemented. Results In total, 123 people (36 in-person and 87 remote, across 6 sites) participated, attending one of three RxEd sessions. Remote participants were satisfied with the quality of the video-conference (% agree/strongly agree): could hear the presenter (92.9%) and discussion between sites (82.4%); could see who was speaking at other remote sites (85.7%); could see the slides (95.3%); and interaction between sites adequately facilitated (94.0%). Educator and participant feedback were consistent. Suggested improvements included: use of two screens (speaker and slides); frontal camera angles; equal interaction with remote sites; and slide modifications to improve the readability on screen. Interview data included similar constructive feedback but highlighted the educational and social benefits of the program, which participants noted would have been inaccessible if not offered via telemedicine. Conclusion Study findings confirm the feasibility of delivering the RxEd program to remote communities by using telemedicine. Future research with a focus on the sustainability of this and other models of technology-supported patient education for adults with IA across Ontario is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carol A Kennedy
- Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work & Health
| | - Rachel Shupak
- Martin Family Centre for Arthritis Care & Research, St. Michael's Hospital
| | | | - Caroline Jones
- Martin Family Centre for Arthritis Care & Research, St. Michael's Hospital
| | - Denise Linton
- Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Musculoskeletal Health & Outcomes Research, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work & Health; Graduate Department of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation; Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Science; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto
| | - Sydney Lineker
- The Arthritis Society (Ontario Division), Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Petkovic J, Barton JL, Flurey C, Goel N, Bartels CM, Barnabe C, de Wit MPT, Lyddiatt A, Lacaille D, Welch V, Boonen A, Shea B, Christensen R, Maxwell LJ, Campbell W, Jull J, Toupin-April K, Singh JA, Goldsmith CH, Sreih AG, Pohl C, Hofstetter C, Beaton DE, Buchbinder R, Guillemin F, Tugwell PS. Health Equity Considerations for Developing and Reporting Patient-reported Outcomes in Clinical Trials: A Report from the OMERACT Equity Special Interest Group. J Rheumatol 2017; 44:1727-1733. [PMID: 28202740 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.160975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite advances integrating patient-centered outcomes into rheumatologic studies, concerns remain regarding their representativeness across diverse patient groups and how this affects equity. The Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Equity Working Group aims to determine whether and how to address equity issues within the core outcome sets of domains and instruments. METHODS We surveyed current and previous OMERACT meeting attendees and members of the Campbell and Cochrane Equity Group regarding whether to address equity issues within the OMERACT Filter 2.0 Core Outcome Sets and how to assess the appropriateness of domains, instruments, and measurement properties among diverse patients. At OMERACT 2016, results of the survey and a narrative review of differential psychosocial effects of rheumatoid arthritis (i.e., on men) were presented to stimulate discussion and develop a research agenda. RESULTS We proposed 6 moments for which an equity lens could be added to the development, selection, or testing of patient-reported outcome measures (PROM): (1) recruitment, (2) domain selection, (3) feasibility in diverse settings, (4) instrument validity, (5) thresholds of meaning, and (6) consideration of statistical power of subgroup analyses for outcome reporting. CONCLUSION There is a need to (1) conduct a systematic review to assess how equity and population characteristics have been considered in PROM development and whether these differences influence the ranking of importance of outcome domains or a patient's response to questionnaire items, and (2) conduct the same survey described above with patients representing groups experiencing health inequities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Petkovic
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France. .,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work. .,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa.
| | - Jennifer L Barton
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Caroline Flurey
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Niti Goel
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Christie M Bartels
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Cheryl Barnabe
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Maarten P T de Wit
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Anne Lyddiatt
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Diane Lacaille
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Vivian Welch
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Annelies Boonen
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Beverley Shea
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Robin Christensen
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Lara J Maxwell
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Willemina Campbell
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Janet Jull
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Karine Toupin-April
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Jasvinder A Singh
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Charles H Goldsmith
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Antoine G Sreih
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Christoph Pohl
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Catherine Hofstetter
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Rachelle Buchbinder
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Francis Guillemin
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | - Peter S Tugwell
- From the Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; Institute for Work and Health; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Quintiles IMS, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute, Amsterdam; Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Center; Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute; Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,J.A. Singh has received research grants from Takeda and Savient, and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta and Allergan pharmaceuticals, WebMD, UBM LLC, and the American College of Rheumatology. J.A. Singh serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc., a 501 (c)(3) entity. J.A. Singh is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee; Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. C. Bartels receives institutional peer-reviewed grant support from Independent Grants for Learning and Change (Pfizer) unrelated to this work.,J. Petkovic, MSc, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; J.L. Barton, MD, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health and Science University; C. Flurey, PhD, University of the West of England; N. Goel, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Advisory Services, Quintiles IMS, and Patient Research Partner; C.M. Bartels, MD, MS, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; C. Barnabe, MD, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; M.P. de Wit, PhD, Patient Researcher, VU University Medical Centre, Department Medical Humanities, EMGO+ Research Institute; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner; D. Lacaille, MD, MHSc, Professor, Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine, UBC, and Senior Scientist, Arthritis Research Canada; V. Welch, PhD, Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa; A. Boonen, MD, PhD, Department Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Maastricht, University Medical Center, and Caphri Graduate School Maastricht University; B. Shea, PhD, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, and Frederiksberg Hospital; L.J. Maxwell, PhD, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, University of Ottawa; W. Campbell, LLB, Patient Research Partner; J. Jull, PhD, Bruyere Research Institute; K. Toupin-April, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics and School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ottawa; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Staff Physician, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Research Collaborator, Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; C.H. Goldsmith, BSc, MSc, PhD, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, UBC; A.G. Sreih, MD, Penn Vasculitis Center, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Pennsylvania; C. Pohl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology, Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, University Medicine Berlin; C. Hofstetter, Patient Research Partner; D.E. Beaton, PhD, Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and Institute for Work and Health, and Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; R. Buchbinder, PhD, Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University; F. Guillemin, MD, PhD, University of Lorraine; P.S. Tugwell, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Rotondi NK, Beaton DE, Ilieff M, Adhihetty C, Linton D, Bogoch E, Sale J, Hogg-Johnson S, Jaglal S, Jain R, Weldon J. The impact of fragility fractures on work and characteristics associated with time to return to work. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:349-358. [PMID: 27492487 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3730-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We examined the impact of fragility fractures on the work outcomes of employed patients. The majority successfully returned to their previous jobs in a short amount of time, and productivity loss at work was low. Our findings underscore the fast recovery rates of working fragility fracture patients. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study is to describe the impact of fragility fractures on the work outcomes of patients who were employed at the time of their fracture. METHODS A self-report anonymous survey was mailed to fragility fracture patients over 50 who were screened as part of the quality assurance programs of fracture clinics across 35 hospitals in Ontario, Canada. Measures of return to work (RTW), at-work productivity loss (Work Limitations Questionnaire), and sociodemographic, fracture-related, and job characteristics were included in the survey. Kaplan-Meier estimates of the cumulative proportion of patients still off work were computed. Factors associated with RTW time following a fragility fracture were examined using Cox proportional hazards modeling. RESULTS Of 275 participants, 242 (88 %) returned to work. Of these, the median RTW time was 20.5 days. About 86 % returned to the same job, duties, and hours as before their injury. Among full-time workers, the median number of lost hours due to presenteeism was 2.9 h (Q1-Q3 0.4-8.1 h). The median cost of presenteeism was $75.30 based on the month prior to survey completion. In multivariable analyses, female gender, needing surgery, and medium/heavy work requirements were associated with longer RTW time. Earlier RTW time was associated with elbow fracture and feeling completely better at time of survey completion. CONCLUSIONS The majority of fragility fracture patients successfully returned to their previous jobs in a short amount of time, and productivity loss at work was low. Our findings underscore their fast recovery rates and give reason for optimism regarding the resilience of this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N K Rotondi
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada.
| | - D E Beaton
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Work & Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Ilieff
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Adhihetty
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Linton
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - E Bogoch
- Mobility Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Sale
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Hogg-Johnson
- Institute for Work & Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Jaglal
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Jain
- Osteoporosis Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Weldon
- Osteoporosis Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients' perception of outcomes is not always defined by the absence of limitations/symptoms (resolution), but can also be characterized by behavioral adaptation and cognitive coping arising in cases with residual deficits. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROs) are designed to measure levels of function or symptoms, largely missing whether patients are coping with ongoing limitations. This study aimed to broaden the conventional definition of a "satisfactory" outcome following ankle reconstruction by comparing patient-reported outcomes of patients with and without residual symptoms and limitations. METHODS The study consisted of a cross-sectional survey of ankle arthroplasty (n = 85) and arthrodesis (n = 15) patients. Outcome measures included the Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale, Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment, Short Form-12, and EuroQol-5 Dimension. Patients also completed measures of pain (0-10), stiffness (0-10), satisfaction (0-3), and ability to complete activities of daily living (ADL) (0-6). Based on a self-reported question regarding recovery and coping, patients were categorized as "Recovered-Resolved" (better with no symptoms or residual effects), "Recovered, not Resolved" (RNR, better with residual effects), or "Not Recovered" (not better). Recovery groups were compared across measures. RESULTS Only 15% of patients were categorized Recovered-Resolved. Most were RNR (69%), leaving 14% Not Resolved. Recovered-Resolved experienced lower rates of pain (1.4 ± 2.3), stiffness (1.1 ± 2.6), and difficulty performing ADLs (0.9 ± 1.2). Overall, outcome measure scores were high (ie, better health) for Recovered-Resolved patients, midrange for RNR patients, and low for Not Recovered patients, thus confirming predefined hypotheses. Recovered-Resolved and RNR patients had similarly high satisfaction summary scores (3.0 ± 0.0 vs 2.6 ± 0.6). CONCLUSION Most patients reported positive outcomes, but few (15%) experienced resolution of all symptoms and limitations. Current PROs focus on achieving low levels of symptoms and limitations, but miss an important achievement when patients are brought to a level of residual deficits with which they can cope. Patients' perceptions of satisfactory outcomes were not predicated on the resolution of all limitations; thus, the conventional definition of "satisfactory" outcomes should be expanded accordingly. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II, prospective cohort study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellie Pinsker
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,Institute of Health Policy, Management & Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Taucha Inrig
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timothy R Daniels
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kelly Warmington
- Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- Institute of Health Policy, Management & Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Beaton DE, Davis AM, Hudak P, Mcconnell S. The DASH (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand) Outcome Measure: What do we know about it now? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/175899830100600401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Outcome measurement is an essential component for defining the effectiveness of clinicians’ practice (Reiman 1988) and standardised measures make that job more consistent, comparable and valid (Cole et al 1994). Hand therapists have long recognised the need for the standardisation of outcome measures, particularly for performance-based measures such as strength testing (Mathiowetz et al 1985, Woody et al 1988) or joint motion. More recently there has been an increased interest in outcome measures that capture the patient's perspective of their status, and that are standardised. The DASH (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand) is a standardised outcome measure that could be used for this purpose (Hudak et al 1996, McConnell et al 1999). The DASH reflects the impact of a disorder in terms of physical function and symptoms, which are the two main reasons patients seek care for a disorder of the musculoskeletal system. The DASH is becoming widely used by clinicians and researchers (McConnell et al 1999). It is now important to revisit what we know about how well the DASH is able to measure what it purports to measure. The purpose of this paper is to review the research that has been done to date on the DASH outcome measure, and to describe the implications of this for future research and for clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorcas E Beaton
- Mobility Program, Clinical Research Unit, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto
- Department of Occupational Therapy
- Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Sciences
- Clinical Epidemiology and Health Care Research Program, Department of Health Administration, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Institute for Work & Health
| | - Aileen M Davis
- Department of Physical Therapy
- Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Sciences
- Clinical Epidemiology and Health Care Research Program, Department of Health Administration, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute
| | - Pamela Hudak
- Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara Mcconnell
- Department of Physical Therapy
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute
| |
Collapse
|