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Paredes MI, Lunn SM, Famulare M, Frisbie LA, Painter I, Burstein R, Roychoudhury P, Xie H, Mohamed Bakhash SA, Perez R, Lukes M, Ellis S, Sathees S, Mathias PC, Greninger A, Starita LM, Frazar CD, Ryke E, Zhong W, Gamboa L, Threlkeld M, Lee J, McDermot E, Truong M, Nickerson DA, Bates DL, Hartman ME, Haugen E, Nguyen TN, Richards JD, Rodriguez JL, Stamatoyannopoulos JA, Thorland E, Melly G, Dykema PE, MacKellar DC, Gray HK, Singh A, Peterson JM, Russell D, Marcela Torres L, Lindquist S, Bedford T, Allen KJ, Oltean HN. Associations between SARS-CoV-2 variants and risk of COVID-19 hospitalization among confirmed cases in Washington State: a retrospective cohort study. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 75:e536-e544. [PMID: 35412591 PMCID: PMC9047245 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is dominated by variant viruses; the resulting impact on disease severity remains unclear. Using a retrospective cohort study, we assessed the hospitalization risk following infection with 7 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants. Methods Our study includes individuals with positive SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in the Washington Disease Reporting System with available viral genome data, from 1 December 2020 to 14 January 2022. The analysis was restricted to cases with specimens collected through sentinel surveillance. Using a Cox proportional hazards model with mixed effects, we estimated hazard ratios (HR) for hospitalization risk following infection with a variant, adjusting for age, sex, calendar week, and vaccination. Results In total, 58 848 cases were sequenced through sentinel surveillance, of which 1705 (2.9%) were hospitalized due to COVID-19. Higher hospitalization risk was found for infections with Gamma (HR 3.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.40–4.26), Beta (HR 2.85, 95% CI 1.56–5.23), Delta (HR 2.28 95% CI 1.56–3.34), or Alpha (HR 1.64, 95% CI 1.29–2.07) compared to infections with ancestral lineages; Omicron (HR 0.92, 95% CI .56–1.52) showed no significant difference in risk. Following Alpha, Gamma, or Delta infection, unvaccinated patients show higher hospitalization risk, while vaccinated patients show no significant difference in risk, both compared to unvaccinated, ancestral lineage cases. Hospitalization risk following Omicron infection is lower with vaccination. Conclusions Infection with Alpha, Gamma, or Delta results in a higher hospitalization risk, with vaccination attenuating that risk. Our findings support hospital preparedness, vaccination, and genomic surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel I Paredes
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Michael Famulare
- Institute for Disease Modeling, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA USA
| | | | - Ian Painter
- Washington State Department of Health, Shoreline, WA USA
| | - Roy Burstein
- Institute for Disease Modeling, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Pavitra Roychoudhury
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hong Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shah A Mohamed Bakhash
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ricardo Perez
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Maria Lukes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sean Ellis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Saraswathi Sathees
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Patrick C Mathias
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alexander Greninger
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lea M Starita
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Chris D Frazar
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Erica Ryke
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Weizhi Zhong
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Luis Gamboa
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Machiko Threlkeld
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jover Lee
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Evan McDermot
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Melissa Truong
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Daniel L Bates
- Altius Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Matthew E Hartman
- Altius Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Seattle, WA USA.,Department of Cardiovascular Services, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Eric Haugen
- Altius Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Seattle, WA USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Eric Thorland
- Altius Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Geoff Melly
- Washington State Department of Health, Shoreline, WA USA
| | | | | | - Hannah K Gray
- Washington State Department of Health, Shoreline, WA USA
| | - Avi Singh
- Washington State Department of Health, Shoreline, WA USA
| | | | - Denny Russell
- Washington State Department of Health, Shoreline, WA USA
| | | | | | - Trevor Bedford
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA USA
| | | | - Hanna N Oltean
- Washington State Department of Health, Shoreline, WA USA
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McDowell GS, Gunsalus KTW, MacKellar DC, Mazzilli SA, Pai VP, Goodwin PR, Walsh EM, Robinson-Mosher A, Bowman TA, Kraemer J, Erb ML, Schoenfeld E, Shokri L, Jackson JD, Islam A, Mattozzi MD, Krukenberg KA, Polka JK. Shaping the Future of Research: a perspective from junior scientists. F1000Res 2014; 3:291. [PMID: 25653845 PMCID: PMC4304227 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.5878.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The landscape of scientific research and funding is in flux as a result of tight budgets, evolving models of both publishing and evaluation, and questions about training and workforce stability. As future leaders, junior scientists are uniquely poised to shape the culture and practice of science in response to these challenges. A group of postdocs in the Boston area who are invested in improving the scientific endeavor, planned a symposium held on October 2 (nd) and 3 (rd), 2014, as a way to join the discussion about the future of US biomedical research. Here we present a report of the proceedings of participant-driven workshops and the organizers' synthesis of the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary S. McDowell
- Department of Biology, Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Kearney T. W. Gunsalus
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Drew C. MacKellar
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sarah A. Mazzilli
- Department of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Vaibhav P. Pai
- Department of Biology, Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | | | - Erica M. Walsh
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Avi Robinson-Mosher
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Thomas A. Bowman
- Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - James Kraemer
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Marcella L. Erb
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Eldi Schoenfeld
- Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Leila Shokri
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Ayesha Islam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Matthew D. Mattozzi
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Jessica K. Polka
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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McDowell GS, Gunsalus KTW, MacKellar DC, Mazzilli SA, Pai VP, Goodwin PR, Walsh EM, Robinson-Mosher A, Bowman TA, Kraemer J, Erb ML, Schoenfeld E, Shokri L, Jackson JD, Islam A, Mattozzi MD, Krukenberg KA, Polka JK. Shaping the Future of Research: a perspective from junior scientists. F1000Res 2014; 3:291. [PMID: 25653845 PMCID: PMC4304227 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.5878.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The landscape of scientific research and funding is in flux as a result of tight budgets, evolving models of both publishing and evaluation, and questions about training and workforce stability. As future leaders, junior scientists are uniquely poised to shape the culture and practice of science in response to these challenges. A group of postdocs in the Boston area who are invested in improving the scientific endeavor, planned a symposium held on October 2 (nd) and 3 (rd), 2014, as a way to join the discussion about the future of US biomedical research. Here we present a report of the proceedings of participant-driven workshops and the organizers' synthesis of the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary S. McDowell
- Department of Biology, Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Kearney T. W. Gunsalus
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Drew C. MacKellar
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sarah A. Mazzilli
- Department of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Vaibhav P. Pai
- Department of Biology, Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | | | - Erica M. Walsh
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Avi Robinson-Mosher
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Thomas A. Bowman
- Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - James Kraemer
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Marcella L. Erb
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Eldi Schoenfeld
- Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Leila Shokri
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Ayesha Islam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Matthew D. Mattozzi
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Jessica K. Polka
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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