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The line bisection bias as a deficit of proportional reasoning - evidence from number line estimation in neglect. Neuropsychologia 2024; 196:108848. [PMID: 38432323 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether neurological patients presenting with a bias in line bisection show specific problems in bisecting a line into two equal parts or their line bisection bias rather reflects a special case of a deficit in proportional reasoning more generally. In the latter case, the bias should also be observed for segmentations into thirds or quarters. To address this question, six neglect patients with a line bisection bias were administered additional tasks involving horizontal lines (e.g., segmentation into thirds and quarters, number line estimation, etc.). Their performance was compared to five neglect patients without a line bisection bias, 10 patients with right hemispheric lesions without neglect, and 32 healthy controls. Most interestingly, results indicated that neglect patients with a line bisection bias also overestimated segments on the left of the line (e.g., one third, one quarter) when dissecting lines into parts smaller than halves. In contrast, such segmentation biases were more nuanced when the required line segmentation was framed as a number line estimation task with either fractions or whole numbers. Taken together, this suggests a generalization of line bisection bias towards a segmentation or proportional processing bias, which is congruent with attentional weighting accounts of line bisection/neglect. As such, patients with a line bisection bias do not seem to have specific problems bisecting a line, but seem to suffer from a more general deficit processing proportions.
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Development and external validation of a machine learning model for prediction of survival in undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. Musculoskelet Surg 2024; 108:77-86. [PMID: 37658174 DOI: 10.1007/s12306-023-00795-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Machine learning (ML) algorithms to predict cancer survival have recently been reported for a number of sarcoma subtypes, but none have investigated undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS). ML is a powerful tool that has the potential to better prognosticate UPS. METHODS The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was queried for cases of histologically confirmed undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) (n = 665). Patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics were recorded, and ML models were developed to predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival. The best performing ML model was externally validated using an institutional cohort of UPS patients (n = 151). RESULTS All ML models performed best at the 1-year time point and worst at the 5-year time point. On internal validation within the SEER cohort, the best models had c-statistics of 0.67-0.69 at the 5-year time point. The Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network (MLP) model was the best performing model and used for external validation. Similarly, the MLP model performed best at 1-year and worst at 5-year on external validation with c-statistics of 0.85 and 0.81, respectively. The MLP model was well calibrated on external validation. The MLP model has been made publicly available at https://rachar.shinyapps.io/ups_app/ . CONCLUSION Machine learning models perform well for survival prediction in UPS, though this sarcoma subtype may be more difficult to prognosticate than other subtypes. Future studies are needed to further validate the machine learning approach for UPS prognostication.
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IL1R1 + cancer-associated fibroblasts drive tumor development and immunosuppression in colorectal cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4251. [PMID: 37460545 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39953-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts have a considerable functional and molecular heterogeneity and can play various roles in the tumor microenvironment. Here we identify a pro-tumorigenic IL1R1+, IL-1-high-signaling subtype of fibroblasts, using multiple colorectal cancer (CRC) patient single cell sequencing datasets. This subtype of fibroblasts is linked to T cell and macrophage suppression and leads to increased cancer cell growth in 3D co-culture assays. Furthermore, both a fibroblast-specific IL1R1 knockout and IL-1 receptor antagonist Anakinra administration reduce tumor growth in vivo. This is accompanied by reduced intratumoral Th17 cell infiltration. Accordingly, CRC patients who present with IL1R1-expressing cancer-associated-fibroblasts (CAFs), also display elevated levels of immune exhaustion markers, as well as an increased Th17 score and an overall worse survival. Altogether, this study underlines the therapeutic value of targeting IL1R1-expressing CAFs in the context of CRC.
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Disconnection in a left-hemispheric temporo-parietal network impairs multiplication fact retrieval. Neuroimage 2023; 268:119840. [PMID: 36621582 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arithmetic fact retrieval has been suggested to recruit a left-lateralized network comprising perisylvian language areas, parietal areas such as the angular gyrus (AG), and non-neocortical structures such as the hippocampus. However, the underlying white matter connectivity of these areas has not been evaluated systematically so far. Using simple multiplication problems, we evaluated how disconnections in parietal brain areas affected arithmetic fact retrieval following stroke. We derived disconnectivity measures by jointly considering data from n = 73 patients with acute unilateral lesions in either hemisphere and a white-matter tractography atlas (HCP-842) using the Lesion Quantification Toolbox (LQT). Whole-brain voxel-based analysis indicated a left-hemispheric cluster of white matter fibers connecting the AG and superior temporal areas to be associated with a fact retrieval deficit. Subsequent analyses of direct gray-to-gray matter disconnections revealed that disconnections of additional left-hemispheric areas (e.g., between the superior temporal gyrus and parietal areas) were significantly associated with the observed fact retrieval deficit. Results imply that disconnections of parietal areas (i.e., the AG) with language-related areas (i.e., superior and middle temporal gyri) seem specifically detrimental to arithmetic fact retrieval. This suggests that arithmetic fact retrieval recruits a widespread left-hemispheric network and emphasizes the relevance of white matter connectivity for number processing.
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Abstract No. 517 Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopy for Mirizzi Syndrome: A Minimally Invasive Option for a Complex Surgical Problem? J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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A qualitative analysis of rural syringe service program fidelity in Appalachian Kentucky: Staff and participant perspectives. J Rural Health 2023; 39:328-337. [PMID: 36117151 PMCID: PMC10484119 DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE As drug-related epidemics have expanded from cities to rural areas, syringe service programs (SSPs) and other harm reduction programs have been slow to follow. The recent implementation of SSPs in rural areas demands attention to program fidelity based on core components of SSP success. METHODS Semistructured interviews conducted with clients and staff at 5 SSPs in 5 counties within 2 Central Appalachian health districts. Interviews covered fidelity of SSP implementation to 6 core components: (1) meet needs for harm reduction supplies; (2) education and counseling for sexual, injection, and overdose risks; (3) cooperation between SSPs and local law enforcement; (4) provide other health and social services; (5) ensure low threshold access to services; and (6) promote dignity, the impact of poor fidelity on vulnerability to drug-related harms, and the risk environment's influence on program fidelity. We applied thematic methods to analyze the data. FINDINGS Rural SSPs were mostly faithful to the 6 core components. Deviations from core components can be attributed to certain characteristics of the local rural risk environment outlined in the risk environment model, including geographic remoteness, lack of resources and underdeveloped infrastructure, and stigma against people who inject drugs (PWID) CONCLUSIONS: As drug-related epidemics continue to expand outside cities, scaling up SSPs to serve rural PWID is essential. Future research should explore whether the risk environment features identified also influence SSP fidelity in other rural areas and develop and test strategies to strengthen core components in these vulnerable areas.
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Abstract No. 99 Magnetic Compression Anastomosis for Untreatable Luminal Occlusions: Early Experience of a Novel Minimally Invasive Image-Guided Approach. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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Abstract No. 179 Percutaneous Placement of Lumen Apposing Metallic Stents for Patients with Afferent Loop Syndrome. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
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9
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Use of Arista™ AH Absorbable Hemostat in breast surgery – analysis of seroma volumes and duration of drainage. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01381-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Mesh-Pocket Supported Prepectoral Direct-to-Implant Breast Reconstruction: Preliminary Results of a Prospective Analysis. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01378-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Comparison of Technetium (Tc)- and SPIO-guided Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) in Patients with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Early Breast Cancer – first retrospective data. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01380-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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OS08.5.A Adenovirus-mediated delivery of the MHC-II Transactivator CIITA gene induces tumor cell killing in immunocompetent glioblastoma organoids. Neuro Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac174.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Although immunotherapies represent an encouraging approach against cancer, to date none translated to the clinical benefit in Glioblastoma (GBM). One aspect contributing to this failure is the highly immunosuppressive GBM microenvironment. Our approach to overcome immunosuppression is to increase anti-tumor immune responses via adenovirus (AdV)-mediated delivery of the MHC-II Transactivator (CIITA) gene. CIITA-induced MHC-II expression is anticipated to convert GBM cells into surrogate antigen presenting cells able to prime T helper cells, therefore promoting CD4+ and CD8+ mediated immunity.
Material and Methods
We generated AdVs containing wild type CIITA (Ad-CIITA) using a replication-defective serotype5 adenoviral backbone. AdVs containing a mutated, non-functional version of CIITA (Ad-CIITA mutant) and an empty CMV promoter (Ad-null) were used as controls. AdV-mediated MHC-II expression was monitored at mRNA, protein and cell surface level. For the functional assessment of anti-tumor immune responses, we developed an advanced human GBM organoid model system consisting of tumor organoids co-cultured with either human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or isolated CD3+ T cells. T cell mediated tumor cell killing was monitored over time via live cell imaging and flow cytometry.
Results
We successfully constructed and produced a CIITA-armed AdV that induces MHC-II expression in infected GBM cells, indicating the efficient expression of transcriptionally active CIITA for at least six days post infection. In immunocompetent human GBM organoids, Ad-CIITA infection of tumor cells led to prominent organoid disruption and tumor cell death, an effect that was not observed in the absence of PBMCs or CD3+ T cells. Tumor organoids infected with Ad-CIITA mutant remained intact, demonstrating the implication of cell surface MHC-II molecules in the observed phenotype.
Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that AdV-mediated delivery of CIITA is a promising strategy to increase T cell mediated immunity against glioblastoma.
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P12.13.B Investigating the tumor - immune cell crosstalk in ex vivo glioblastoma models. Neuro Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac174.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic approach to fight cancer by activating the immune system. Multiple immune-based strategies are under development that aim at recruiting or re-activating cellular components of the immune system. While immunotherapies have recently revolutionized cancer therapy, they have shown so far little therapeutic success in glioblastoma patients. To enhance the efficacy of novel strategies, we need to better understand the immunogenic status of glioblastoma cells and their cross-talk with immune cells in different microenvironmental niches.
Material and Methods
We assessed expression of molecules related to antigen processing and presentation as well as immune checkpoints in patient tumor databases as well as in a series of glioblastoma patient-derived organoids, 3D stem-like cultures and adherent cell lines under varying microenvironmental conditions (varying oxygen levels, inflammation). We further established an allogenic co-culture protocol for glioblastoma organoids with immune cells isolated from HLA matched donor blood, allowing for the functional assessment of the crosstalk between tumor and immune cells.
Results
Analysis of a large cohort of patient tumors and patient-derived glioblastoma preclinical models shows inter-patient heterogeneity at the level of components of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-MHC-II, immune checkpoints. Glioblastoma cells in general express MHC-I machinery, albeit at different levels. MHC-II and immune checkpoints are variably expressed across glioblastoma cells. Different tumor microenvironment conditions, including hypoxia and interferon-γ, impact the expression of immune-related molecules. Upon co-culture, HLA-matched donor-derived T cells integrate well into the core of glioblastoma tumor organoids and display reciprocal crosstalk with tumor cells.
Conclusion
Assessing antigen presentation and immune cell responses at the functional level are key to improve patient-specific responses to immunotherapies. Advanced glioblastoma organoids incorporating the immune compartment appear as clinically-relevant models for ex vivo efficacy studies.
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OS10.5.A Modeling immunocompetent tumor microenvironment in glioblastoma patient-derived orthotopic xenografts. Neuro Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac174.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
To date, glioblastoma (GBM) remains a fatal disease, with a median overall survival of roughly over a year. There is a crucial need of new treatment options, yet most clinical trials have failed partly due to the lack of predictive preclinical model systems. Currently, most patient-derived preclinical models suffer from the reduction or absence of immune system components, which represents a bottleneck for adequate immunotherapy testing. Humanized mice offer new opportunities here, since they rebuild an adaptive human immune system in a NSG mouse. Derivation of glioblastoma patient-derived orthotopic xenografts (PDOXs) in humanized mice appears thus as a promising tool for testing new treatment strategies targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME).
Material and Methods
We derived PDOXs through intracranial implantation of GBM primary organoids in different immunocompromised mouse strains (Nude, NOD/SCID, NSG). To introduce back the adaptive human immune system, GBM PDOXs were further derived in human CD34+ hematopoietic stem cell-engrafted NSG (HU-CD34+) mice. We applied single-cell RNA-sequencing, multicolor flow cytometry, immunohistochemical analyses and functional studies to examine the heterogeneous TME in a cohort of GBM PDOX models. We further interrogated the contribution and crosstalk between the human and mouse components constituting the brain TME in HU-CD34+ PDOXs.
Results
We show that glioma PDOXs can be derived in mice of different background including Nude, NOD-SCID, NSG and HU-CD34+ mice. Mouse-derived TME created in PDOX models contains tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) known as major immuno-suppressive components of human GBM tumors. We further show that PDOXs derived in HU-CD34+ NSG mice present human CD45+ immune cells in the bone marrow and blood. Interestingly, we detect an influx of human immune cells in tumors developed in the mouse brain, which interact with the brain-derived immunosuppressive TME of mouse origin.
Conclusion
We here provide a thorough characterization of the heterogeneous brain TME created in GBM PDOX models. We show that human GBM can instruct mouse-derived brain cells towards immune-suppressive TME. The missing adaptive immune component can be introduced by derivation of GBM PDOXs in humanized mice. Such immunocompetent in vivo models will be important for testing novel therapies targeting different immune components in GBM.
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Accès compassionnel à l’enzymothérapie chez les patients adultes avec déficit en sphingomyélinase acide (Niemann-Pick B) en France : expérience multicentrique. Rev Med Interne 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2022.03.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Immunotherapy: DISCOVERY PROTEOMICS FOR ANALYTES TO PREDICT CYTOKINE RELEASE SYNDROME ON DAY OF INFUSION OF CHIMERIC ANTIGEN RECEPTOR (CAR) T CELLS. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00324-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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17
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When the brain comes into play: Neurofunctional correlates of emotions and reward in game-based learning. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.106946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Outcome of breast cancer patients with low hormone receptor positivity: analysis of a 15-year population-based cohort. Ann Oncol 2021; 32:1410-1424. [PMID: 34419555 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guideline recommendations for the treatment of breast cancer with low hormone receptor (HR) expression (1%-9%) are ambiguous and several studies showed more similarities with HR-negative tumors than with HR strongly positive tumors (≥10%). We used a population-based 15-year cohort to compare patient characteristics and outcome of HR low positive tumors with HR-negative and HR strongly positive tumors, respectively. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 38 560 women diagnosed with early invasive breast cancer between 2004 and 2018 within the scope of the Munich Cancer Registry with 4.9 million inhabitants were included. Descriptive analyses of prognostic factors, treatment, and outcome analyses using the Kaplan-Meier method; cumulative incidence in consideration of competing risks; and multivariate analyses (Cox regression and Fine-Gray model) were conducted. Endpoints were time to local recurrence (TTLR), time to lymph node recurrence (TTLNR), time to metastasis (TTM), overall survival (OS), and relative survival (RS). RESULTS A total of 861 patients (2%) had HR low positive, 4862 (13%) HR-negative, and 32 837 (85%) HR strongly positive tumors. Within the HER2-negative cohort (n = 33 366), survival of HR low positive tumors was significantly worse than that of HR strongly positive tumors [OS hazard ratio 0.66 (95% confidence interval 0.55-0.78)], whereas between HR low positive and HR-negative tumors no significant survival difference could be detected [OS hazard ratio 0.93 (95% confidence interval 0.78-1.11)]. TTLR, TTLNR, and TTM showed similar results. By contrast, within the HER2-positive cohort (n = 5194), no statistically significant differences between the three HR groups could be detected in multivariate analyses. CONCLUSION Current definitions for HR positivity and its clinical relevance should be reconsidered. Patients with HR low positive/HER2-negative tumors could be regarded and treated similar to patients with triple-negative tumors.
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Machine Learning From Quantitative Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Predicts Ischemia And Impaired Myocardial Blood Flow. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2021.06.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Plaque Location And Vessel Geometry On Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Predict Future Culprit Lesions Associated With Acute Coronary Syndrome: Results From The ICONIC Study. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2021.06.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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PR01.08 Simultaneous Multi-Cancer Detection and Tissue of Origin Prediction Via Targeted Bisulfite Sequencing of Plasma Cell-Free DNA. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.10.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Antibiotic resistance and use among adult inpatients in a large urban tertiary hospital in Sierra Leone. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Targeted rapid testing for SARS-CoV-2 in the emergency department is associated with large reductions in uninfected patient exposure time. J Hosp Infect 2020; 107:35-39. [PMID: 33038435 PMCID: PMC7538869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Opportunity exists to decrease healthcare-related exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), preserve infection control resources, and increase care capacity by reducing the time to diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A retrospective cohort analysis was undertaken to measure the effect of targeted rapid molecular testing for SARS-CoV-2 on these outcomes. In comparison with standard platform testing, rapid testing was associated with a 65.6% reduction (12.6 h) in the median time to removal from the isolation cohort for patients with negative diagnostic results. This translated to an increase in COVID-19 treatment capacity of 3028 bed-hours and 7500 fewer patient interactions that required the use of personal protective equipment per week.
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Patient Reported Outcome and cosmetic evaluation following implant-based breast-reconstruction with a titanized polypropylene mesh: A prospective clinical study in 269 patients. Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)30599-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Adherence to American Cancer Society (ACS) Guidelines in Women with Metastatic Breast Cancer. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.06.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Reproducibility Of Various Approaches To Measuring Aortic Sinus Size. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2020.06.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Effektivität von Kühlung und Kompression der Hände zur Prävention einer Chemotherapie-induzierten Polyneuropathie bei Patientinnen mit primärem Mammakarzinom. Erste Ergebnisse der prospektiven, randomisierten POLAR Studie. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
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28
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Visual Assessment Of Coronary Plaque Characteristics Improves The Utility Of FFRct. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2020.06.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Le temps est-il affaire de conscience ? Eur Psychiatry 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.09.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nous disons du temps qu’il s’écoule ou qu’il passe. Mais s’écoule-t-il ou passe-t-il de lui-même ? Ou bien ne s’agit-il que d’une impression qui provient entièrement de nous ? Pour répondre à ces questions, il faudrait pouvoir identifier et caractériser le « moteur du temps », c’est-à-dire le mécanisme caché au sein du monde par lequel le futur devient d’abord présent, puis passé : quelle est cette force secrète qui fait que dès qu’un instant présent se présente, un autre instant présent apparaît, qui demande au précédent de bien vouloir aller se faire voir ailleurs et prend aussitôt sa place, avant qu’un autre instant présent l’envoie lui-même se promener dans le passé, prenne sa place dans le présent, et ainsi de suite ? Ce moteur du temps est-il physique, objectif ou intrinsèquement lié aux sujets conscients que nous sommes ? D’où vient en somme que le temps passe ? Certains auteurs avancent que le temps serait à lui-même son propre moteur. D’autres disent qu’il doit sa motricité implacable à la dynamique de l’univers en expansion. D’autres enfin pensent que le moteur du temps, ce n’est ni le temps lui-même ni la dynamique de l’univers, mais tout simplement nous, nous autres les humains, bipèdes supérieurs, qui sommes des observateurs dotés de conscience. Cette idée selon laquelle le temps n’existe pas en tant que tel en dehors du sujet a été brillamment défendue par de nombreux philosophes – par Kant notamment –, mais elle doit se confronter à une donnée factuelle, qui constitue pour elle une difficulté notable : nous savons désormais que des objets plus anciens que toute forme de vie sur Terre ont bel et bien existé dans le passé de l’univers; que des événements innombrables se sont enchaîné, dont aucune conscience humaine n’a pu être le témoin; que l’humanité, espèce en définitive toute récente, n’a pas été contemporaine de tout ce que l’univers a connu ou traversé. Mais alors, si le passage du temps dépend de la conscience, n’existe que par elle ou que pour elle, comment le temps a-t-il pu s’écouler avant son apparition ? Cantonner le temps dans le sujet ou vouloir que le temps n’ait de réalité que subjective, n’est-ce pas s’interdire d’expliquer l’apparition du sujet dans le temps ?
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Chlortetracycline, Oxytetracycline, and Tetracycline in Edible Animal Tissues, Liquid Chromatographic Method: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/79.2.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Thirteen laboratories analyzed samples of edible animal tissues for tetracycline residues. The method included extraction of analytes into buffer, elution from a C18 solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge, and reversed-phase liquid chromatographic (LC) analysis, including use of a confirmation column. An additional laboratory, using an alternative LC assay based on a different sample cleanup, also analyzed the samples. Results showed the 2 methods are comparable. The LC method for determination of cholortetracycline, oxytetracycline, and tetracycline in edible animal tissues has been adopted by AOAC INTERNATIONAL. Results from 13 laboratories indicate that the method under study provides generally better results at the higher concentrations tested than at concentrations near the detection limit and that there is less problem with interferences in muscle tissue than in kidney. The method can achieve reliable results for analytes and matrixes studied at concentrations from 0.1 to 0.6 ppm and above, depending on the analyte-matrix combination, with generally better performance to be expected with muscle than with kidney. The poorer performance for fortified samples, particularly kidney, was attributed to additional homogenization steps required to prepare these samples. Recovery of analytes from different
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9 Race Matters: Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Application of Hospital Observation. Ann Emerg Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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P11.26 Genome-wide shRNA screen identifies candidate genes driving glioblastoma invasion. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz126.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
A major hallmark of glioblastoma (GBM) is its highly invasive capacity, contributing to its aggressive behaviour. Since invasive cells cannot be easily removed by surgery or irradiation, they are left behind and eventually result in lethal recurrence. Therefore, a better understanding of the invasion process and of the key molecular players underlying the invasive capacities of GBM may lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets for GBM patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
To identify candidate genes responsible for invasion, a genome-wide shRNA screen was performed in patient-derived GBM sphere cultures. The phenotype of the most promising candidate was validated in in vitro invasion assays, ex vivo brain slice cultures and in vivo orthotopic xenografts in mice. Gene knockdown in invasive GBM cell lines was compared with overexpression in non-invasive cells. RNA sequencing of knockdown cells, along with the generation of deletion constructs were applied to uncover the mechanisms regulating invasion.
RESULTS
Through a whole genome shRNA screen, a zinc-finger containing protein was identified as an invasion essential candidate gene. Knockdown of this gene confirmed a strong decrease in invasion capacity in two highly invasive GBM cell lines. In contrast, gene overexpression switched non-invasive GBM cells to an invasive phenotype. Deletion of either one or both zinc-finger motifs led to decreased invasion indicating that the two zinc-finger motifs are essential for regulating invasion. Mutation of the nuclear localisation signal resulted in retention of the protein in the cytoplasm and loss of the invasion phenotype demonstrating that the protein activity is required in the nucleus. Gene expression analyses revealed that invasion-related genes are significantly regulated by the candidate gene once it is localized in the nucleus.
CONCLUSION
We identified a zinc-finger containing protein as a novel driver of GBM invasion, presumably through a transcription factor activity resulting in the induction of an invasive transcriptional program. This protein and its downstream pathway may represent a novel promising target to overcome invasive capacities in GBM.
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OS12.2 Targeting epigenetic pathways in the treatment of recurrent high-grade glioma. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz126.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
High grade glioma (HGG) patients develop resistance to standard treatment leading to disease progression and limited life expectancy. Advances in the molecular characterisation of treatment-naïve HGGs based on next-generation sequencing and DNA methylation analyses have led to a better delineation of HGG subtypes and the identification of distinct genomic abnormalities. Furthermore, using large patient cohorts of longitudinal tumor samples, comprehensive genomic profiling studies emerged to investigate therapy-associated evolution of gliomas. All together, those studies point out the need for personalised treatment strategies, where applied drugs will be adapted to the unique patient-specific genetic abnormalities.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
We collected fresh samples of more than 800 brain tumors containing almost 300 glioma specimen with approximately 100 longitudinal samples of initial and recurrent tumors from 43 matched patients. By now, we have successfully established 34 patient-derived orthotopic xenografts (PDOXs) in mice. We performed comprehensive molecular profiling using array comparative genomic hybridisation, DNA methylation analysis and targeted DNA sequencing on patient specimen and their derivatives such as 3D tumor organoids and PDOXs. The custom-design sequencing panel comprises 234 genes that reflect both established genetic identifiers for individual glioma subtype classification and novel genes encoding mainly epigenetic effector genes. Based on patient-derived material we carried out drug response screening on 3D tumor organoids using a compound library matching the majority of genes that were assessed by targeted sequencing.
RESULTS
We succeeded in generating a live biobank of HGG patient-derived xenografts and 3D organoids that neatly recapitulates the mutational spectrum including structural DNA variation and methylation-based subtypes of gliomas. A highlight is the generation of 19 PDOXs of paired initial and relapse HGGs from a total of 9 glioma patients. A detailed analysis of the paired longitudinal samples indicated that PDOX models closely recapitulate the evolutionary trajectory of the parental tumors. Targeted sequencing of longitudinal HGG PDOXs suggests that relapse tumors accumulate somatic mutations in epigenetic effectors compared with the Initial. Differential drug responses between initial and relapse tumors were observed after screening of in vitro 3D tumor organoids.
CONCLUSION
Response assessment of naïve initial gliomas and recurrences provides crucial information on the differential sensitivity between initial and relapsed HGGs and offers novel personalised therapeutic options in the relapse setting. Furthermore, in depth correlation of the profiled somatic molecular landscape with drug response will enable pharmacogenomic predictions of potential inhibitors in the clinical setting.
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Excellent outcomes of combined umbilical cord blood and bone marrow grafts for allogeneic transplantation of pediatric patients from HLA-matched siblings. a single institution experience. Cytotherapy 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.03.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Excitability changes induced in the motor cortex by transcranial ultrasound stimulation. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Abstract OT1-12-03: RESCUE: Reaching for Evidence-baSed Chemotherapy Use in Endocrine sensitive breast cancer - A prospective health care study on risk assessment by the clinicomolecular test EndoPredict® and long-term patient outcome in early luminal breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-ot1-12-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: In node negative and 1-3 positive nodes breast cancer patients with hormone receptor positive (HR+), HER2-negative (HER2-) early-stage breast cancer the indication for chemotherapy is based on clinical and pathologic risk stratification (tumor size, nodal status, grading, quantitative ER, progesterone receptor and Ki67). For further decision-making, the EndoPredict test, which combines a molecular signature with the clinical risk factors tumor size and nodal status, stratifies patients into “low risk" or “high risk” groups. Level I-B- evidence demonstrates, that EndoPredict predicts the 10 year cumulative risk of relapse and metastases in patients with HR+/HER2- primary breast cancer with endocrine treatment.
Aim: In the RESCUE-Trial we document distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) events in patients who had an EndoPredict test. The primary objective is to show that 10-year DMFS of patients tested as “low risk” by EndoPredict and treated with adjuvant endocrine therapy alone is >90 %. Secondary endpoints among others include DMFS, DFS, OS in patients with EPclin “low risk” versus “high risk”. Also the proportion of patients whose treatment was concordant and non-concordant with EndoPredict test results, will be analyzed for survival. The prognostic performance of classical prognostic factors (like tumor size, nodal status, grading, quantitative ER, progesterone receptor and Ki67 level) with respect to survival will also be assessed.
Eligibility: Patient with HR+/HER2- primary invasive breast cancer stage I/II and T1 to T3 with 0 to 3 positive lymph nodes will be eligible, if they had an EndoPredict test within three months before inclusion.
Methods: The EndoPredict test results, tumor board decision and anti-tumor therapy will be assessed. After one year, annually (for 10 years), patients will be evaluated for treatment compliance, recurrence, metastases, and survival. The primary endpoint will be analyzed by a Kaplan-Meyer estimate for which a one-sided lower 95 % confidence interval will be given. Several secondary endpoints will be assessed in three interim analyses after completion of the 1st, 3rd, 5th year and then finally after 10 years.
Accrual: Start of accrual is planned for July 2018. At least 26 sites in Germany and one site in Switzerland will be active.
Sponsor: The study is sponsored by the North-Eastern-German Society of Gynecological Oncology (NOGGO) e.V.
Contact Information: For further information, contact NOGGO via studies@noggo.de or the leading physician Dr. Johannes Ettl via johannes.ettl@tum.de.
Citation Format: Ettl J, Blohmer J-U, Denkert C, Keller M, Klein E, Kronenwett R, Neuser P, Paepke S, Schade-Brittinger C, Schnuppe K, Untch M, Wittenberg M, Kiechle M. RESCUE: Reaching for Evidence-baSed Chemotherapy Use in Endocrine sensitive breast cancer - A prospective health care study on risk assessment by the clinicomolecular test EndoPredict® and long-term patient outcome in early luminal breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT1-12-03.
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Deep Transient Slow Slip Detected by Survey GPS in the Region of Atacama, Chile. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 45:12263-12273. [PMID: 31007305 PMCID: PMC6472647 DOI: 10.1029/2018gl080613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We detected a long-term transient deformation signal between 2014 and 2016 in the Atacama region (Chile) using survey Global Positioning System (GPS) observations. Over an ∼150 km along-strike region, survey GPS measurements in 2014 and 2016 deviate significantly from the interseismic trend estimated using previous observations. This deviation from steady state deformation is spatially coherent and reveals a horizontal westward diverging motion of several centimeters, along with a significant uplift. It is confirmed by continuous measurements of recently installed GPS stations. We discard instrumental, hydrological, oceanic, or atmospheric loading effects and show that the transient is likely due to deep slow slip in the transition zone of the subduction interface (∼40- to 60-km depth). In addition, daily observations recorded by a continuous GPS station operating between 2002 and 2015 highlight similar transient signals in 2005 and 2009, suggesting a recurrent pattern.
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Plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) assays for early multi-cancer detection: The circulating cell-free genome atlas (CCGA) study. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy269.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Implementation of the North Carolina HIV Bridge Counseling Program to Facilitate Linkage and Reengagement in Care for Individuals Infected with HIV/AIDS. N C Med J 2018; 79:210-217. [PMID: 29991608 DOI: 10.18043/ncm.79.4.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Statewide interventions are critical to meeting the goals of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy in this country. In 2012, the North Carolina Division of Public Health developed the North Carolina State Bridge Counselor program to improve linkage to and reengagement in care for newly diagnosed persons and persons living with HIV who were out-of-care.METHODS We reviewed the planning process for the North Carolina State Bridge Counselor program, which involved a review of existing strengths-based counseling models for persons living with HIV, implementation of these models, and communication strategies with other providers. State bridge counselor responsibilities were delineated from the role of disease intervention specialists while retaining the fieldwork capability of disease intervention specialists to conduct outreach and provide services for persons living with HIV throughout the state.RESULTS Program implementation required extensive planning with stakeholders, incorporation of strengths-based counseling models, development of performance standards, and utilization of CAREWare, an HIV care software program to document referrals and data-sharing between state bridge counselors and clinics. By the end of 2014, state bridge counselor services were provided to approximately 60 of the 400 persons living with HIV (15%) who are diagnosed each quarter in North Carolina, with increasing utilization of the program.LIMITATIONS We assessed the development of this intervention specific to the North Carolina Division of Public Health, which may limit its generalizability. However, the State Bridge Counselor program was implemented in both urban and rural areas throughout the state, which increases its applicability to different public health programs throughout the country.CONCLUSION We demonstrated that a statewide State Bridge Counselor program for linkage and reengagement activities can be implemented by leveraging existing infrastructures, electronic medical records, HIV care networks, and fieldwork activities.
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Wunsch nach integrativer Medizin in Schwangerschaft und Wochenbett: Ergebnisse einer Umfrage. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1655526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Prävalenz und Prädiktoren für die Nicht-Anwendung komplementärmedizinischer Therapien bei Patientinnen mit Mamma- oder gynäkologischen Krebserkrankungen. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1655518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Evaluation eines Integrativen Begleitprogramms für Patientinnen mit Mamma- und gynäkologischen Karzinomen unter Systemtherapie an der Frauenklinik rechts der Isar der TU München. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1655532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Komplementärmedizin unter Systemtherapie in der gynäkologischen Onkologie. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1655539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Continuous Monitoring of Urea and Inorganic Phosphate during Hemodialysis: II. Clinical Trials. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139887800100404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ion-selective electrodes have been used to monitor urea and inorganic phosphate removal during dialysis. The dialysate outflow concentrations from a single pass bedside controller were used to compute instantaneous serum concentrations. The urea data are in agreement with a single pool reservoir model; the inorganic phosphate removal was not log-linear, indicating rate limiting intracompartmental transfer. The procedure can be applied to the computation of urea generation rates and thus provide information on the protein catabolism rates of the patient; in addition, the monitor provides continuous checks on the dialyzer performance.
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Endotoxin and Bacterial Contamination of Dialysis Center Water and Dialysate; a Cross Sectional Survey. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139889001300107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The bacterial and endotoxin levels of purified water and effluent dialysate were examined in a cross section of dialysis centers in the central United States. All samples were collected within a four-hour drive of the University of Louisville and were collected, processed and analyzed by our personnel, to eliminate variability in sample handling. A medium capable of higher bacteria recovery from aqueous environments than those ordinarily employed in clinical assays was used. Endotoxins were determined by a quantitative colorimetric assay. By the more sensitive bacterial assay 53% of the centers had bacterial counts above the AAMI standard of 200 colony-forming units per ml (CFU/ml) for water and 35% of the centers had bacterial counts above the 2000 CFU/ml standard for dialysate in at least one sampling period. The samples showed 35% and 19% of water and dialysate above the standards, respectively. While there are no standards for endotoxin concentrations in water used to prepare dialysate, 2% of the centers had endotoxin levels in their water above five endotoxin units per ml (5 EU/ml = 1 ng/ml in our assay kit), the limit set by the AAMI standards for reprocessor water. Both bacterial and endotoxin levels tended to be elevated in dialysate, with the highest levels of endotoxin in dialysates posing an obvious potential risk when high-flux dialyzers are used.
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Abstract
Experimental approaches to optimize hollow fiber hemodialyzer design are expensive and time-consuming. Computer modeling is an effective way to study mass transfer in the hemodialyzer because a substantial reduction in experimental time and cost can be achieved. This paper presents a two-dimensional modified “equivalent annulus” model, which employs Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations to describe blood and dialysate flow, and Kedem-Katchalsky (K-K) equations to calculate transmembrane flow. N-S equations and K-K equations must be coupled together in the process of computing. The corresponding experiments were designed to validate this model, and experimental results agreed well with numerical results. The distribution of velocity, pressure and solute concentration were investigated in detail, presenting a clear insight into dialyzer mass transfer. This model can be applied to help optimize hemodialyzer design.
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Altered Expression of the Dna Mismatch Repair Proteins Hmlh1 and Hmsh2 in Cutaneous Dysplastic Nevi and Malignant Melanoma. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 20:65-8. [PMID: 15832775 DOI: 10.1177/172460080502000110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Molecular alterations in the mismatch repair system suggest that this mechanism may be important in the evolution of cutaneous melanoma. Our current study evaluated the expression of two mismatch repair proteins, hMLH1 and hMSH2, in dysplastic nevi (DN) and cutaneous melanoma (CM). Immunohistochemical staining of these proteins was performed on 55 CM and 30 DN specimens. The staining results were divided into three groups: negative, partially positive and strongly positive. Normal adjacent skin cells served as an internal control for positive immunostaining. Altered immunoreactivity of one of the proteins was found in four (13.4%) DN and seven (12.7%) CM. Lack of staining for hMLH1 was observed in two (6.7%) cases of DN and five (9.1%) cases of CM; staining for hMSH2 was absent in two (6.7%) of the DN and two (3.6%) of the CM specimens. Partially positive staining was found in 33.3% and 53.3% for hMLH1 and hMSH2, respectively, in DN, and in 54.5% and 69.1%, respectively, in CMM. Our study shows that complete or partial loss of MMR protein expression occurs in a subset of both DN and CM and may represent a distinct pathway in the development of some DN and CM.
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Verlängerung der DURATION-1-Studie zu Patienten mit Typ-2-Diabetes: Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit von Exenatide einmal wöchentlich über 7 Jahre. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1601750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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