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Doulamis IP, Guariento A, Duignan T, Kido T, Orfany A, Saeed MY, Weixler VH, Blitzer D, Shin B, Snay ER, Inkster JA, Packard AB, Zurakowski D, Rousselle T, Bajwa A, Parikh SM, Stillman IE, Del Nido PJ, McCully JD. Mitochondrial transplantation by intra-arterial injection for acute kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 319:F403-F413. [PMID: 32686525 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00255.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury is a common clinical disorder and one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the postoperative period. In this study, the safety and efficacy of autologous mitochondrial transplantation by intra-arterial injection for renal protection in a swine model of bilateral renal ischemia-reperfusion injury were investigated. Female Yorkshire pigs underwent percutaneous bilateral temporary occlusion of the renal arteries with balloon catheters. Following 60 min of ischemia, the balloon catheters were deflated and animals received either autologous mitochondria suspended in vehicle or vehicle alone, delivered as a single bolus to the renal arteries. The injected mitochondria were rapidly taken up by the kidney and were distributed throughout the tubular epithelium of the cortex and medulla. There were no safety-related issues detected with mitochondrial transplantation. Following 24 h of reperfusion, estimated glomerular filtration rate and urine output were significantly increased while serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were significantly decreased in swine that received mitochondria compared with those that received vehicle. Gross anatomy, histopathological analysis, acute tubular necrosis scoring, and transmission electron microscopy showed that the renal cortex of the vehicle-treated group had extensive coagulative necrosis of primarily proximal tubules, while the mitochondrial transplanted kidney showed only patchy mild acute tubular injury. Renal cortex IL-6 expression was significantly increased in vehicle-treated kidneys compared with the kidneys that received mitochondrial transplantation. These results demonstrate that mitochondrial transplantation by intra-arterial injection provides renal protection from ischemia-reperfusion injury, significantly enhancing renal function and reducing renal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias P Doulamis
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alvise Guariento
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thomas Duignan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Takashi Kido
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Arzoo Orfany
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mossab Y Saeed
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Viktoria H Weixler
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Blitzer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Borami Shin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Erin R Snay
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James A Inkster
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alan B Packard
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Zurakowski
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Anesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thomas Rousselle
- Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Amandeep Bajwa
- Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Samir M Parikh
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Isaac E Stillman
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pedro J Del Nido
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James D McCully
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Dillenseger JP, Choquet P, Snay ER, Fragoso Costa P. Why the preclinical imaging field needs nuclear medicine technologists and radiographers? Eur J Hybrid Imaging 2020; 4:12. [PMID: 34191167 PMCID: PMC8218067 DOI: 10.1186/s41824-020-00081-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Preclinical imaging is still seen as a new field, and its recognition as a specific topic occurring only about 20 years ago. Nuclear medicine technologists (NMTs) and radiographers’ skills covering technical, anatomical and clinical fields can be highly beneficial to preclinical imaging research centres: many tasks and knowledge are complementary between clinics and preclinical laboratories. Our goal is to reach a consensus on the required set of competencies needed to translate the work of NMTs and radiographers from the clinic to the preclinical laboratory, particularly in regard to multimodal imaging. Preclinical imaging environment Currently, all imaging modalities used in clinical routine (ultrasound, CT, MRI, PET, SPECT, radiographs) are available, using specific architectures allowing for the spatial resolution and sensitivity needed for small rodents (which are the most commonly used species in research). Ideally, a preclinical laboratory should produce images/examinations at a high throughput in order to meet the statistical expectations of the studies (while respecting the 3R principles for animal research) and the care and welfare of each individual. To reach the quality and throughput expectations of such an organization, specific qualified professionals are needed to complete the scientific/research staff. Where NMTs and radiographers fit in The increasing use of preclinical imaging requires professionals who can put imaging procedures into action, ensuring a significant success throughput. NMTs and radiographers have a variety of skills that work well within a preclinical laboratory, with the ability to perform the following tasks independently: animal preparation, positioning, monitoring and anaesthesia recovery, acquisition parameter programming, archiving and data processing, device quality controls, surface cleaning and disinfection, radioactive and biological waste management, radiation safety for users, use of hot lab equipment and auxiliary equipment, injected products and material management. In light of the current European Qualification Framework, a set of skills, knowledge and competencies were defined to cover the whole set of duties and tasks deliverable to an NMT or radiographer working in a preclinical laboratory. One of the key responsibilities of the NMT or radiographer is related to compliance on animal care and welfare when undertaking any animal procedures, including imaging. Conclusion We believe that NMTs and radiographers’ skills match perfectly with the requirements of a preclinical imaging lab, and that they could be considered a keystone of such an organization in the future. Moreover, some evidence has also shown that an experienced NMT or radiographer in this sector can take on roles as research investigators.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-P Dillenseger
- ICube (MMB, AVR)-UMR 7357, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Imagerie Préclinique-UF6237, Hautepierre, Pôle d'imagerie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - P Choquet
- ICube (MMB, AVR)-UMR 7357, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Imagerie Préclinique-UF6237, Hautepierre, Pôle d'imagerie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Laboratory for Adaptable MRI Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - E R Snay
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P Fragoso Costa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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Shin B, Saeed MY, Esch JJ, Guariento A, Blitzer D, Moskowitzova K, Ramirez-Barbieri G, Orfany A, Thedsanamoorthy JK, Cowan DB, Inkster JA, Snay ER, Staffa SJ, Packard AB, Zurakowski D, Del Nido PJ, McCully JD. A Novel Biological Strategy for Myocardial Protection by Intracoronary Delivery of Mitochondria: Safety and Efficacy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 4:871-888. [PMID: 31909298 PMCID: PMC6938990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is the determinant insult of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Autologous mitochondrial transplantation involves supplying one's healthy mitochondria to the ischemic region harboring damaged mitochondria. The authors used in vivo swine to show that mitochondrial transplantation in the heart by intracoronary delivery is safe, with specific distribution to the heart, and results in significant increase in coronary blood flow, which requires intact mitochondrial viability, adenosine triphosphate production, and, in part, the activation of vascular KIR channels. Intracoronary mitochondrial delivery after temporary regional ischemia significantly improved myocardial function, perfusion, and infarct size. The authors concluded that intracoronary delivery of mitochondria is safe and efficacious therapy for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borami Shin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mossab Y Saeed
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jesse J Esch
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alvise Guariento
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Blitzer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kamila Moskowitzova
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Giovanna Ramirez-Barbieri
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Arzoo Orfany
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jerusha K Thedsanamoorthy
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas B Cowan
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James A Inkster
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Erin R Snay
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Steven J Staffa
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alan B Packard
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Zurakowski
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pedro J Del Nido
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James D McCully
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Moskowitzova K, Orfany A, Liu K, Ramirez-Barbieri G, Thedsanamoorthy JK, Yao R, Guariento A, Doulamis IP, Blitzer D, Shin B, Snay ER, Inkster JAH, Iken K, Packard AB, Cowan DB, Visner GA, Del Nido PJ, McCully JD. Mitochondrial transplantation enhances murine lung viability and recovery after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 318:L78-L88. [PMID: 31693391 PMCID: PMC6985877 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00221.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The most common cause of acute lung injury is ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), during which mitochondrial damage occurs. We have previously demonstrated that mitochondrial transplantation is an efficacious therapy to replace or augment mitochondria damaged by IRI, allowing for enhanced muscle viability and function in cardiac tissue. Here, we investigate the efficacy of mitochondrial transplantation in a murine lung IRI model using male C57BL/6J mice. Transient ischemia was induced by applying a microvascular clamp on the left hilum for 2 h. Upon reperfusion mice received either vehicle or vehicle-containing mitochondria either by vascular delivery (Mito V) through the pulmonary artery or by aerosol delivery (Mito Neb) via the trachea (nebulization). Sham control mice underwent thoracotomy without hilar clamping and were ventilated for 2 h before returning to the cage. After 24 h recovery, lung mechanics were assessed and lungs were collected for analysis. Our results demonstrated that at 24 h of reperfusion, dynamic compliance and inspiratory capacity were significantly increased and resistance, tissue damping, elastance, and peak inspiratory pressure (Mito V only) were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in Mito groups as compared with their respective vehicle groups. Neutrophil infiltration, interstitial edema, and apoptosis were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in Mito groups as compared with vehicles. No significant differences in cytokines and chemokines between groups were shown. All lung mechanics results in Mito groups except peak inspiratory pressure in Mito Neb showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) as compared with Sham. These results conclude that mitochondrial transplantation by vascular delivery or nebulization improves lung mechanics and decreases lung tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Moskowitzova
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Arzoo Orfany
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kaifeng Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Giovanna Ramirez-Barbieri
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jerusha K Thedsanamoorthy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rouan Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alvise Guariento
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ilias P Doulamis
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Blitzer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Borami Shin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Erin R Snay
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular imaging, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James A H Inkster
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular imaging, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Khadija Iken
- Department of Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alan B Packard
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular imaging, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas B Cowan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gary A Visner
- Department of Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pedro J Del Nido
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James D McCully
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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5
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Moskowitzova K, Shin B, Liu K, Ramirez-Barbieri G, Guariento A, Blitzer D, Thedsanamoorthy JK, Yao R, Snay ER, Inkster JAH, Orfany A, Zurakowski D, Cowan DB, Packard AB, Visner GA, Del Nido PJ, McCully JD. Mitochondrial transplantation prolongs cold ischemia time in murine heart transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018; 38:92-99. [PMID: 30391192 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cold ischemia time (CIT) causes ischemia‒reperfusion injury to the mitochondria and detrimentally effects myocardial function and tissue viability. Mitochondrial transplantation replaces damaged mitochondria and enhances myocardial function and tissue viability. Herein we investigated the efficacy of mitochondrial transplantation in enhancing graft function and viability after prolonged CIT. METHODS Heterotopic heart transplantation was performed in C57BL/6J mice. Upon heart harvesting from C57BL/6J donors, 0.5 ml of either mitochondria (1 × 108 in respiration buffer; mitochondria group) or respiration buffer (vehicle group) was delivered antegrade to the coronary arteries via injection to the coronary ostium. The hearts were excised and preserved for 29 ± 0.3 hours in cold saline (4°C). The hearts were then heterotopically transplanted. A second injection of either mitochondria (1 × 108) or respiration buffer (vehicle) was delivered antegrade to the coronary arteries 5 minutes after transplantation. Grafts were analyzed for 24 hours. Beating score, graft function, and tissue injury were measured. RESULTS Beating score, calculated ejection fraction, and shortening fraction were significantly enhanced (p < 0.05), whereas necrosis and neutrophil infiltration were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the mitochondria group as compared with the vehicle group at 24 hours of reperfusion. Transmission electron microscopy showed the presence of contraction bands in vehicle but not in mitochondria grafts. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondrial transplantation prolongs CIT to 29 hours in the murine heart transplantation model, significantly enhances graft function, and decreases graft tissue injury. Mitochondrial transplantation may provide a means to reduce graft failure and improve transplantation outcomes after prolonged CIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Moskowitzova
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Borami Shin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kaifeng Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Alvise Guariento
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Blitzer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jerusha K Thedsanamoorthy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rouan Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erin R Snay
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James A H Inkster
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Arzoo Orfany
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Zurakowski
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Douglas B Cowan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alan B Packard
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gary A Visner
- Department of Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pedro J Del Nido
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James D McCully
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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6
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Cowan DB, Yao R, Akurathi V, Snay ER, Thedsanamoorthy JK, Zurakowski D, Ericsson M, Friehs I, Wu Y, Levitsky S, del Nido PJ, Packard AB, McCully JD. Intracoronary Delivery of Mitochondria to the Ischemic Heart for Cardioprotection. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160889. [PMID: 27500955 PMCID: PMC4976938 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that transplantation of autologously derived, respiration-competent mitochondria by direct injection into the heart following transient ischemia and reperfusion enhances cell viability and contractile function. To increase the therapeutic potential of this approach, we investigated whether exogenous mitochondria can be effectively delivered through the coronary vasculature to protect the ischemic myocardium and studied the fate of these transplanted organelles in the heart. Langendorff-perfused rabbit hearts were subjected to 30 minutes of ischemia and then reperfused for 10 minutes. Mitochondria were labeled with 18F-rhodamine 6G and iron oxide nanoparticles. The labeled mitochondria were either directly injected into the ischemic region or delivered by vascular perfusion through the coronary arteries at the onset of reperfusion. These hearts were used for positron emission tomography, microcomputed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging with subsequent microscopic analyses of tissue sections to confirm the uptake and distribution of exogenous mitochondria. Injected mitochondria were localized near the site of delivery; while, vascular perfusion of mitochondria resulted in rapid and extensive dispersal throughout the heart. Both injected and perfused mitochondria were observed in interstitial spaces and were associated with blood vessels and cardiomyocytes. To determine the efficacy of vascular perfusion of mitochondria, an additional group of rabbit hearts were subjected to 30 minutes of regional ischemia and reperfused for 120 minutes. Immediately following regional ischemia, the hearts received unlabeled, autologous mitochondria delivered through the coronary arteries. Autologous mitochondria perfused through the coronary vasculature significantly decreased infarct size and significantly enhanced post-ischemic myocardial function. In conclusion, the delivery of mitochondria through the coronary arteries resulted in their rapid integration and widespread distribution throughout the heart and provided cardioprotection from ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas B. Cowan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DBC); (JDM)
| | - Rouan Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Vamsidhar Akurathi
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Erin R. Snay
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Jerusha K. Thedsanamoorthy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - David Zurakowski
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Maria Ericsson
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ingeborg Friehs
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Yaotang Wu
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Sidney Levitsky
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Pedro J. del Nido
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Alan B. Packard
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - James D. McCully
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DBC); (JDM)
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