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Ng SS, De Labastida Rivera F, Yan J, Corvino D, Das I, Zhang P, Kuns R, Chauhan SB, Hou J, Li XY, Frame TCM, McEnroe BA, Moore E, Na J, Engel JA, Soon MSF, Singh B, Kueh AJ, Herold MJ, Montes de Oca M, Singh SS, Bunn PT, Aguilera AR, Casey M, Braun M, Ghazanfari N, Wani S, Wang Y, Amante FH, Edwards CL, Haque A, Dougall WC, Singh OP, Baxter AG, Teng MWL, Loukas A, Daly NL, Cloonan N, Degli-Esposti MA, Uzonna J, Heath WR, Bald T, Tey SK, Nakamura K, Hill GR, Kumar R, Sundar S, Smyth MJ, Engwerda CR. Author Correction: The NK cell granule protein NKG7 regulates cytotoxic granule exocytosis and inflammation. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:716. [PMID: 38360937 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01770-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanna S Ng
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Juming Yan
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dillon Corvino
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Indrajit Das
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ping Zhang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rachel Kuns
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shashi Bhushan Chauhan
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Jiajie Hou
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Xian-Yang Li
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Teija C M Frame
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Benjamin A McEnroe
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Eilish Moore
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jinrui Na
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jessica A Engel
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Megan S F Soon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bhawana Singh
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Andrew J Kueh
- Division of Blood Cells and Blood Cancer, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marco J Herold
- Division of Blood Cells and Blood Cancer, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Siddharth Sankar Singh
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Patrick T Bunn
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amy Roman Aguilera
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mika Casey
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matthias Braun
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nazanin Ghazanfari
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shivangi Wani
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yulin Wang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fiona H Amante
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chelsea L Edwards
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ashraful Haque
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - William C Dougall
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Om Prakash Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Alan G Baxter
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michele W L Teng
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alex Loukas
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Norelle L Daly
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicole Cloonan
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mariapia A Degli-Esposti
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jude Uzonna
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - William R Heath
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tobias Bald
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Siok-Keen Tey
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kyohei Nakamura
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Shyam Sundar
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Mark J Smyth
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Wang Y, De Labastida Rivera F, Edwards CL, Frame TC, Engel JA, Bukali L, Na J, Ng SS, Corvino D, Montes de Oca M, Bunn PT, Soon MS, Andrew D, Loughland JR, Zhang J, Amante FH, Barber BE, McCarthy JS, Lopez JA, Boyle MJ, Engwerda CR. STING activation promotes autologous type I interferon-dependent development of type 1 regulatory T cells during malaria. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e169417. [PMID: 37781920 PMCID: PMC10541195 DOI: 10.1172/jci169417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of highly effective malaria vaccines and improvement of drug-treatment protocols to boost antiparasitic immunity are critical for malaria elimination. However, the rapid establishment of parasite-specific immune regulatory networks following exposure to malaria parasites hampers these efforts. Here, we identified stimulator of interferon genes (STING) as a critical mediator of type I interferon production by CD4+ T cells during blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum infection. The activation of STING in CD4+ T cells by cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) stimulated IFNB gene transcription, which promoted development of IL-10- and IFN-γ-coproducing CD4+ T (type I regulatory [Tr1]) cells. The critical role for type I IFN signaling for Tr1 cell development was confirmed in vivo using a preclinical malaria model. CD4+ T cell sensitivity to STING phosphorylation was increased in healthy volunteers following P. falciparum infection, particularly in Tr1 cells. These findings identified STING expressed by CD4+ T cells as an important mediator of type I IFN production and Tr1 cell development and activation during malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Wang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Griffith University, School of Environment and Science, Nathan, Australia
| | | | - Chelsea L. Edwards
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Teija C.M. Frame
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Luzia Bukali
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jinrui Na
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Susanna S. Ng
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dillon Corvino
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcela Montes de Oca
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick T. Bunn
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Megan S.F. Soon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dean Andrew
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Jia Zhang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fiona H. Amante
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - James S. McCarthy
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Services, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J. Alejandro Lopez
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Griffith University, School of Environment and Science, Nathan, Australia
| | - Michelle J. Boyle
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Life Sciences Division, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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Edwards CL, Ng SS, de Labastida Rivera F, Corvino D, Engel JA, Montes de Oca M, Bukali L, Frame TC, Bunn PT, Chauhan SB, Singh SS, Wang Y, Na J, Amante FH, Loughland JR, Soon MS, Waddell N, Mukhopadhay P, Koufariotis LT, Johnston RL, Lee JS, Kuns R, Zhang P, Boyle MJ, Hill GR, McCarthy JS, Kumar R, Engwerda CR. IL-10-producing Th1 cells possess a distinct molecular signature in malaria. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:169299. [PMID: 36787259 PMCID: PMC9927919 DOI: 10.1172/jci169299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
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Webster R, Mitchell H, Peters JM, Heunis J, O'Neill B, Gower J, Lynch S, Jennings H, Amante FH, Llewellyn S, Marquart L, Potter AJ, Birrell GW, Edstein MD, Shanks GD, McCarthy JS, Barber BE. Transmission Blocking Activity of Low-dose Tafenoquine in Healthy Volunteers Experimentally Infected With Plasmodium falciparum. Clin Infect Dis 2023; 76:506-512. [PMID: 35731843 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blocking the transmission of parasites from humans to mosquitoes is a key component of malaria control. Tafenoquine exhibits activity against all stages of the malaria parasite and may have utility as a transmission blocking agent. We aimed to characterize the transmission blocking activity of low-dose tafenoquine. METHODS Healthy adults were inoculated with Plasmodium falciparum 3D7-infected erythrocytes on day 0. Piperaquine was administered on days 9 and 11 to clear asexual parasitemia while allowing gametocyte development. A single 50-mg oral dose of tafenoquine was administered on day 25. Transmission was determined by enriched membrane feeding assays predose and at 1, 4, and 7 days postdose. Artemether-lumefantrine was administered following the final assay. Outcomes were the reduction in mosquito infection and gametocytemia after tafenoquine and safety parameters. RESULTS Six participants were enrolled, and all were infective to mosquitoes before tafenoquine, with a median 86% (range, 22-98) of mosquitoes positive for oocysts and 57% (range, 4-92) positive for sporozoites. By day 4 after tafenoquine, the oocyst and sporozoite positivity rate had reduced by a median 35% (interquartile range [IQR]: 16-46) and 52% (IQR: 40-62), respectively, and by day 7, 81% (IQR 36-92) and 77% (IQR 52-98), respectively. The decline in gametocyte density after tafenoquine was not significant. No significant participant safety concerns were identified. CONCLUSIONS Low-dose tafenoquine (50 mg) reduces P. falciparum transmission to mosquitoes, with a delay in effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Webster
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hayley Mitchell
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jenny M Peters
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Juanita Heunis
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brighid O'Neill
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jeremy Gower
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sean Lynch
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Helen Jennings
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fiona H Amante
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Adam J Potter
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Geoffrey W Birrell
- Australian Defence Force Malaria and Infectious Disease Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michael D Edstein
- Australian Defence Force Malaria and Infectious Disease Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - G Dennis Shanks
- Australian Defence Force Malaria and Infectious Disease Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - James S McCarthy
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
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5
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Edwards CL, Ng SS, de Labastida Rivera F, Corvino D, Engel JA, Montes de Oca M, Bukali L, Frame TC, Bunn PT, Chauhan SB, Singh SS, Wang Y, Na J, Amante FH, Loughland JR, Soon MS, Waddell N, Mukhopadhay P, Koufariotis LT, Johnston RL, Lee JS, Kuns R, Zhang P, Boyle MJ, Hill GR, McCarthy JS, Kumar R, Engwerda CR. IL-10-producing Th1 cells possess a distinct molecular signature in malaria. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e153733. [PMID: 36594463 PMCID: PMC9797345 DOI: 10.1172/jci153733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Control of intracellular parasites responsible for malaria requires host IFN-γ+T-bet+CD4+ T cells (Th1 cells) with IL-10 produced by Th1 cells to mitigate the pathology induced by this inflammatory response. However, these IL-10-producing Th1 (induced type I regulatory [Tr1]) cells can also promote parasite persistence or impair immunity to reinfection or vaccination. Here, we identified molecular and phenotypic signatures that distinguished IL-10-Th1 cells from IL-10+Tr1 cells in Plasmodium falciparum-infected people who participated in controlled human malaria infection studies, as well as C57BL/6 mice with experimental malaria caused by P. berghei ANKA. We also identified a conserved Tr1 cell molecular signature shared between patients with malaria, dengue, and graft-versus-host disease. Genetic manipulation of primary human CD4+ T cells showed that the transcription factor cMAF played an important role in the induction of IL-10, while BLIMP-1 promoted the development of human CD4+ T cells expressing multiple coinhibitory receptors. We also describe heterogeneity of Tr1 cell coinhibitory receptor expression that has implications for targeting these molecules for clinical advantage during infection. Overall, this work provides insights into CD4+ T cell development during malaria that offer opportunities for creation of strategies to modulate CD4+ T cell functions and improve antiparasitic immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea L. Edwards
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Susanna S. Ng
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Griffith University, School of Natural Sciences, Nathan, Australia
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Dillon Corvino
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Marcela Montes de Oca
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Luzia Bukali
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Teija C.M. Frame
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Patrick T. Bunn
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Shashi Bhushan Chauhan
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Siddharth Sankar Singh
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Yulin Wang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Griffith University, School of Natural Sciences, Nathan, Australia
| | - Jinrui Na
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fiona H. Amante
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Megan S.F. Soon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nicola Waddell
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Jason S. Lee
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rachel Kuns
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ping Zhang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Centre, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Geoffrey R. Hill
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Centre, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - James S. McCarthy
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Services, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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6
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Woolley SD, Fernandez M, Rebelo M, Llewellyn SA, Marquart L, Amante FH, Jennings HE, Webster R, Trenholme K, Chalon S, Moehrle JJ, McCarthy JS, Barber BE. Development and evaluation of a new Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 blood stage malaria cell bank for use in malaria volunteer infection studies. Malar J 2021; 20:93. [PMID: 33593375 PMCID: PMC7885253 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-021-03627-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background New anti-malarial therapeutics are required to counter the threat of increasing drug resistance. Malaria volunteer infection studies (VIS), particularly the induced blood stage malaria (IBSM) model, play a key role in accelerating anti-malarial drug development. Supply of the reference 3D7-V2 Plasmodium falciparum malaria cell bank (MCB) is limited. This study aimed to develop a new MCB, and compare the safety and infectivity of this MCB with the existing 3D7-V2 MCB, in a VIS. A second bank (3D7-V1) developed in 1995 was also evaluated. Methods The 3D7-V2 MCB was expanded in vitro using a bioreactor to produce a new MCB designated 3D7-MBE-008. This bank and 3D7-V1 were then evaluated using the IBSM model, where healthy participants were intravenously inoculated with blood-stage parasites. Participants were treated with artemether-lumefantrine when parasitaemia or clinical thresholds were reached. Safety, infectivity and parasite growth and clearance were evaluated. Results The in vitro expansion of 3D7-V2 produced 200 vials of the 3D7-MBE-008 MCB, with a parasitaemia of 4.3%. This compares to 0.1% in the existing 3D7-V2 MCB, and < 0.01% in the 3D7-V1 MCB. All four participants (two per MCB) developed detectable P. falciparum infection after inoculation with approximately 2800 parasites. For the 3D7-MBE-008 MCB, the parasite multiplication rate of 48 h (PMR48) using non-linear mixed effects modelling was 34.6 (95% CI 18.5–64.6), similar to the parental 3D7-V2 line; parasitaemia in both participants exceeded 10,000/mL by day 8. Growth of the 3D7-V1 was slower (PMR48 of 11.5 [95% CI 8.5–15.6]), with parasitaemia exceeding 10,000 parasites/mL on days 10 and 8.5. Rapid parasite clearance followed artemether-lumefantrine treatment in all four participants, with clearance half-lives of 4.01 and 4.06 (weighted mean 4.04 [95% CI 3.61–4.57]) hours for 3D7-MBE-008 and 4.11 and 4.52 (weighted mean 4.31 [95% CI 4.16–4.47]) hours for 3D7-V1. A total of 59 adverse events occurred; most were of mild severity with three being severe in the 3D7-MBE-008 study. Conclusion The safety, growth and clearance profiles of the expanded 3D7-MBE-008 MCB closely resemble that of its parent, indicating its suitability for future studies. Trial Registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials registry numbers: P3487 (3D7-V1): ACTRN12619001085167. P3491 (3D7-MBE-008): ACTRN12619001079134
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Woolley
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Defence Pathology, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Joint Hospital Group, ICT Building, Birmingham Research Park, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, UK.,Clinical Sciences Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Maria Rebelo
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Louise Marquart
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Fiona H Amante
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Helen E Jennings
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rebecca Webster
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Katharine Trenholme
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Stephan Chalon
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, 20 Route de Pre-Bois, PO Box 1826, 1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - Joerg J Moehrle
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, 20 Route de Pre-Bois, PO Box 1826, 1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - James S McCarthy
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Bridget E Barber
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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7
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Loughland JR, Woodberry T, Oyong D, Piera KA, Amante FH, Barber BE, Grigg MJ, William T, Engwerda CR, Anstey NM, McCarthy JS, Boyle MJ, Minigo G. Reduced circulating dendritic cells in acute Plasmodium knowlesi and Plasmodium falciparum malaria despite elevated plasma Flt3 ligand levels. Malar J 2021; 20:97. [PMID: 33593383 PMCID: PMC7888183 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-021-03642-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Plasmodium falciparum malaria increases plasma levels of the cytokine Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L), a haematopoietic factor associated with dendritic cell (DC) expansion. It is unknown if the zoonotic parasite Plasmodium knowlesi impacts Flt3L or DC in human malaria. This study investigated circulating DC and Flt3L associations in adult malaria and in submicroscopic experimental infection. Methods Plasma Flt3L concentration and blood CD141+ DC, CD1c+ DC and plasmacytoid DC (pDC) numbers were assessed in (i) volunteers experimentally infected with P. falciparum and in Malaysian patients with uncomplicated (ii) P. falciparum or (iii) P. knowlesi malaria. Results Plasmodium knowlesi caused a decline in all circulating DC subsets in adults with malaria. Plasma Flt3L was elevated in acute P. falciparum and P. knowlesi malaria with no increase in a subclinical experimental infection. Circulating CD141+ DCs, CD1c+ DCs and pDCs declined in all adults tested, for the first time extending the finding of DC subset decline in acute malaria to the zoonotic parasite P. knowlesi. Conclusions In adults, submicroscopic Plasmodium infection causes no change in plasma Flt3L but does reduce circulating DCs. Plasma Flt3L concentrations increase in acute malaria, yet this increase is insufficient to restore or expand circulating CD141+ DCs, CD1c+ DCs or pDCs. These data imply that haematopoietic factors, yet to be identified and not Flt3L, involved in the sensing/maintenance of circulating DC are impacted by malaria and a submicroscopic infection. The zoonotic P. knowlesi is similar to other Plasmodium spp in compromising DC in adult malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Loughland
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia. .,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Tonia Woodberry
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Damian Oyong
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Kim A Piera
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Fiona H Amante
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Bridget E Barber
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,Gleneagles Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Matthew J Grigg
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.,Gleneagles Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Timothy William
- Gleneagles Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.,Infectious Diseases Society Kota Kinabalu Sabah-Menzies School of Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.,Queen Elizabeth Hospital-Clinical Research Centre, Ministry of Health, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | | | - Nicholas M Anstey
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.,Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Australia
| | | | - Michelle J Boyle
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gabriela Minigo
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia. .,College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.
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8
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Montes de Oca M, de Labastida Rivera F, Winterford C, Frame TCM, Ng SS, Amante FH, Edwards CL, Bukali L, Wang Y, Uzonna JE, Kuns RD, Zhang P, Kabat A, Klein Geltink RI, Pearce EJ, Hill GR, Engwerda CR. IL-27 signalling regulates glycolysis in Th1 cells to limit immunopathology during infection. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008994. [PMID: 33049000 PMCID: PMC7584222 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is critical for controlling pathogens, but also responsible for symptoms of infectious diseases. IL-27 is an important regulator of inflammation and can limit development of IFNγ-producing Tbet+ CD4+ T (Th1) cells. IL-27 is thought to do this by stimulating IL-10 production by CD4+ T cells, but the underlying mechanisms of these immunoregulatory pathways are not clear. Here we studied the role of IL-27 signalling in experimental visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by infection of C57BL/6 mice with the human pathogen Leishmania donovani. We found IL-27 signalling was critical for the development of IL-10-producing Th1 (Tr1) cells during infection. Furthermore, in the absence of IL-27 signalling, there was improved control of parasite growth, but accelerated splenic pathology characterised by the loss of marginal zone macrophages. Critically, we discovered that IL-27 signalling limited glycolysis in Th1 cells during infection that in turn attenuated inflammation. Furthermore, the modulation of glycolysis in the absence of IL-27 signalling restricted tissue pathology without compromising anti-parasitic immunity. Together, these findings identify a novel mechanism by which IL-27 mediates immune regulation during disease by regulating cellular metabolism. Infectious diseases like visceral leishmaniasis caused by the protozoan parasites Leishmania donovani and L. infantum are associated with an inflammatory response generated by the host. This is needed to control parasite growth, but also contributes to the symptoms of disease. Consequently, these inflammatory responses need to be tightly regulated. Although we now recognize many of the cells and molecules involved in controlling inflammation, the underlying mechanisms mediating immune regulation are unclear. CD4+ T cells are critical drivers of inflammatory responses during infections and as they progress from a naïve to activated state, the metabolic pathways they use have to change to meet the new energy demands required to proliferate and produce effector molecules. In this study, we discovered that the inflammatory CD4+ T cells needed to control L. donovani infection switch from relying on mitochondrial oxidative pathways to glycolysis. Critically, we found the cytokine IL-27 limited glycolysis in these inflammatory CD4+ T cells, and in the absence of IL-27 signaling pathways, these cells expanded more rapidly to better control parasite growth, but also caused increased tissue damage in the spleen. However, pharmacological dampening of glycolysis in inflammatory CD4+ T cells in L. donovani-infected mice lacking IL-27 signaling pathways limited tissue damage without affecting their improved anti-parasitic activity. Together, these results demonstrate that the pathogenic activity of inflammatory CD4+ T cells can be modulated by altering their cellular metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Montes de Oca
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fabian de Labastida Rivera
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Clay Winterford
- QIMR Berghofer Histology Facility, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Teija C. M. Frame
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Susanna S. Ng
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fiona H. Amante
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chelsea L. Edwards
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Luzia Bukali
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yulin Wang
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jude E. Uzonna
- Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Rachel D. Kuns
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory, Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ping Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory, Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Agnieszka Kabat
- Max Plank Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Edward J. Pearce
- Max Plank Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Geoffrey R. Hill
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Centre, Washington, United States of America
| | - Christian R. Engwerda
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- * E-mail:
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9
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Ng SS, De Labastida Rivera F, Yan J, Corvino D, Das I, Zhang P, Kuns R, Chauhan SB, Hou J, Li XY, Frame TCM, McEnroe BA, Moore E, Na J, Engel JA, Soon MSF, Singh B, Kueh AJ, Herold MJ, Montes de Oca M, Singh SS, Bunn PT, Aguilera AR, Casey M, Braun M, Ghazanfari N, Wani S, Wang Y, Amante FH, Edwards CL, Haque A, Dougall WC, Singh OP, Baxter AG, Teng MWL, Loukas A, Daly NL, Cloonan N, Degli-Esposti MA, Uzonna J, Heath WR, Bald T, Tey SK, Nakamura K, Hill GR, Kumar R, Sundar S, Smyth MJ, Engwerda CR. The NK cell granule protein NKG7 regulates cytotoxic granule exocytosis and inflammation. Nat Immunol 2020; 21:1205-1218. [PMID: 32839608 PMCID: PMC7965849 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Immune-modulating therapies have revolutionized the treatment of chronic diseases, particularly cancer. However, their success is restricted and there is a need to identify new therapeutic targets. Here, we show that natural killer cell granule protein 7 (NKG7) is a regulator of lymphocyte granule exocytosis and downstream inflammation in a broad range of diseases. NKG7 expressed by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells played key roles in promoting inflammation during visceral leishmaniasis and malaria-two important parasitic diseases. Additionally, NKG7 expressed by natural killer cells was critical for controlling cancer initiation, growth and metastasis. NKG7 function in natural killer and CD8+ T cells was linked with their ability to regulate the translocation of CD107a to the cell surface and kill cellular targets, while NKG7 also had a major impact on CD4+ T cell activation following infection. Thus, we report a novel therapeutic target expressed on a range of immune cells with functions in different immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna S Ng
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Juming Yan
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dillon Corvino
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Indrajit Das
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ping Zhang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rachel Kuns
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shashi Bhushan Chauhan
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Jiajie Hou
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Xian-Yang Li
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Teija C M Frame
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Benjamin A McEnroe
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Eilish Moore
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jinrui Na
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jessica A Engel
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Megan S F Soon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bhawana Singh
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Andrew J Kueh
- Division of Blood Cells and Blood Cancer, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marco J Herold
- Division of Blood Cells and Blood Cancer, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Siddharth Sankar Singh
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Patrick T Bunn
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amy Roman Aguilera
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mika Casey
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matthias Braun
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nazanin Ghazanfari
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shivangi Wani
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yulin Wang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fiona H Amante
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chelsea L Edwards
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ashraful Haque
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - William C Dougall
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Om Prakash Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Alan G Baxter
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michele W L Teng
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alex Loukas
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Norelle L Daly
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicole Cloonan
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mariapia A Degli-Esposti
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jude Uzonna
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - William R Heath
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tobias Bald
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Siok-Keen Tey
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kyohei Nakamura
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Shyam Sundar
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Mark J Smyth
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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10
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Loughland JR, Woodberry T, Field M, Andrew DW, SheelaNair A, Dooley NL, Piera KA, Amante FH, Kenangalem E, Price RN, Engwerda CR, Anstey NM, McCarthy JS, Boyle MJ, Minigo G. Transcriptional profiling and immunophenotyping show sustained activation of blood monocytes in subpatent Plasmodium falciparum infection. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1144. [PMID: 32566226 PMCID: PMC7302943 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Malaria, caused by Plasmodium infection, remains a major global health problem. Monocytes are integral to the immune response, yet their transcriptional and functional responses in primary Plasmodium falciparum infection and in clinical malaria are poorly understood. METHODS The transcriptional and functional profiles of monocytes were examined in controlled human malaria infection with P. falciparum blood stages and in children and adults with acute malaria. Monocyte gene expression and functional phenotypes were examined by RNA sequencing and flow cytometry at peak infection and compared to pre-infection or at convalescence in acute malaria. RESULTS In subpatent primary infection, the monocyte transcriptional profile was dominated by an interferon (IFN) molecular signature. Pathways enriched included type I IFN signalling, innate immune response and cytokine-mediated signalling. Monocytes increased TNF and IL-12 production upon in vitro toll-like receptor stimulation and increased IL-10 production upon in vitro parasite restimulation. Longitudinal phenotypic analyses revealed sustained significant changes in the composition of monocytes following infection, with increased CD14+CD16- and decreased CD14-CD16+ subsets. In acute malaria, monocyte CD64/FcγRI expression was significantly increased in children and adults, while HLA-DR remained stable. Although children and adults showed a similar pattern of differentially expressed genes, the number and magnitude of gene expression change were greater in children. CONCLUSIONS Monocyte activation during subpatent malaria is driven by an IFN molecular signature with robust activation of genes enriched in pathogen detection, phagocytosis, antimicrobial activity and antigen presentation. The greater magnitude of transcriptional changes in children with acute malaria suggests monocyte phenotypes may change with age or exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Loughland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneQLDAustralia,Menzies School of Health ResearchDarwinNTAustralia
| | - Tonia Woodberry
- Menzies School of Health ResearchDarwinNTAustralia,Charles Darwin UniversityDarwinNTAustralia,Present address:
The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSWAustralia
| | - Matt Field
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine and Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular BiologyJames Cook UniversityCairnsQLDAustralia,John Curtin School of Medical ResearchAustralian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia
| | - Dean W Andrew
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Arya SheelaNair
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | | | - Kim A Piera
- Menzies School of Health ResearchDarwinNTAustralia,Charles Darwin UniversityDarwinNTAustralia
| | - Fiona H Amante
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Enny Kenangalem
- Timika Malaria Research ProgramPapuan Health and Community Development FoundationTimikaIndonesia,District Health AuthorityTimikaIndonesia
| | - Ric N Price
- Menzies School of Health ResearchDarwinNTAustralia,Charles Darwin UniversityDarwinNTAustralia,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global HealthNuffield Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK,Mahidol‐Oxford Tropical Medicine Research UnitFaculty of Tropical MedicineMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | | | - Nicholas M Anstey
- Menzies School of Health ResearchDarwinNTAustralia,Charles Darwin UniversityDarwinNTAustralia
| | | | - Michelle J Boyle
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneQLDAustralia,Menzies School of Health ResearchDarwinNTAustralia
| | - Gabriela Minigo
- Menzies School of Health ResearchDarwinNTAustralia,Charles Darwin UniversityDarwinNTAustralia,College of Health and Human SciencesCharles Darwin UniversityDarwinNTAustralia
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11
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Barber BE, Grigg MJ, Piera K, Amante FH, William T, Boyle MJ, Minigo G, Dondorp AM, McCarthy JS, Anstey NM. Antiphosphatidylserine Immunoglobulin M and Immunoglobulin G Antibodies Are Higher in Vivax Than Falciparum Malaria, and Associated With Early Anemia in Both Species. J Infect Dis 2020; 220:1435-1443. [PMID: 31250022 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anemia is a major complication of vivax malaria. Antiphosphatidylserine (PS) antibodies generated during falciparum malaria mediate phagocytosis of uninfected red blood cells that expose PS and have been linked to late malarial anemia. However, their role in anemia from non-falciparum Plasmodium species is not known, nor their role in early anemia from falciparum malaria. METHODS We measured PS immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies in Malaysian patients with vivax, falciparum, knowlesi, and malariae malaria, and in healthy controls, and correlated antibody titres with hemoglobin. PS antibodies were also measured in volunteers experimentally infected with Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum. RESULTS PS IgM and IgG antibodies were elevated in patients with vivax, falciparum, knowlesi, and malariae malaria (P < .0001 for all comparisons with controls) and were highest in vivax malaria. In vivax and falciparum malaria, PS IgM and IgG on admission correlated inversely with admission and nadir hemoglobin, controlling for parasitemia and fever duration. PS IgM and IgG were also increased in volunteers infected with blood-stage P. vivax and P. falciparum, and were higher in P. vivax infection. CONCLUSIONS PS antibodies are higher in vivax than falciparum malaria, correlate inversely with hemoglobin, and may contribute to the early loss of uninfected red blood cells found in malarial anemia from both species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget E Barber
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Society Sabah Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matthew J Grigg
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Society Sabah Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Kim Piera
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Fiona H Amante
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Timothy William
- Infectious Diseases Society Sabah Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.,Gleneagles Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Michelle J Boyle
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gabriela Minigo
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Arjen M Dondorp
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - James S McCarthy
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicholas M Anstey
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Society Sabah Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
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12
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Edwards CL, Ng SS, Corvino D, Montes de Oca M, de Labastida Rivera F, Nones K, Lakis V, Waddell N, Amante FH, McCarthy JS, Engwerda CR. Early Changes in CD4+ T-Cell Activation During Blood-Stage Plasmodium falciparum Infection. J Infect Dis 2019; 218:1119-1129. [PMID: 29757416 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined transcriptional changes in CD4+ T cells during blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum infection in individuals without a history of previous parasite exposure. Transcription of CXCL8 (encoding interleukin 8) in CD4+ T cells was identified as an early biomarker of submicroscopic P. falciparum infection, with predictive power for parasite growth. Following antiparasitic drug treatment, a CD4+ T-cell regulatory phenotype developed. PD1 expression on CD49b+CD4+ T (putative type I regulatory T) cells after drug treatment negatively correlated with earlier parasite growth. Blockade of PD1 but no other immune checkpoint molecules tested increased interferon γ and interleukin 10 production in an ex vivo antigen-specific cellular assay at the peak of infection. These results demonstrate the early development of an immunoregulatory CD4+ T-cell phenotype in blood-stage P. falciparum infection and show that a selective immune checkpoint blockade may be used to modulate early developing antiparasitic immunoregulatory pathways as part of malaria vaccine and/or drug treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea L Edwards
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Susanna S Ng
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dillon Corvino
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Katia Nones
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Vanessa Lakis
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nicola Waddell
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fiona H Amante
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - James S McCarthy
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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13
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Loughland JR, Woodberry T, Boyle MJ, Tipping PE, Piera KA, Amante FH, Kenangalem E, Price RN, Engwerda CR, Anstey NM, McCarthy JS, Minigo G. Plasmodium falciparum Activates CD16+ Dendritic Cells to Produce Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleukin-10 in Subpatent Malaria. J Infect Dis 2019; 219:660-671. [PMID: 30239833 PMCID: PMC6339523 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The malaria causing parasite Plasmodium subverts host immune responses by several strategies including the modulation of dendritic cells (DCs). Methods In this study, we show that Plasmodium falciparum skewed CD16+ DC cytokine responses towards interleukin (IL)-10 production in vitro, distinct to the cytokine profile induced by Toll-like receptor ligation. To determine CD16+ DC responsiveness in vivo, we assessed their function after induced P falciparum infection in malaria-naive volunteers. Results CD16+ DCs underwent distinctive activation, with increased expression of maturation markers human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR and CD86, enhanced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production, and coproduction of TNF/IL-10. In vitro restimulation with P falciparum further increased IL-10 production. In contrast, during naturally acquired malaria episode, CD16+ DCs showed diminished maturation, suggesting increased parasite burden and previous exposure influence DC subset function. Conclusions These findings identify CD16+ DCs as the only DC subset activated during primary blood-stage human Plasmodium infection. As dual cytokine producers, CD16+ DCs contribute to inflammatory as well as regulatory innate immune processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Loughland
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Tonia Woodberry
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Michelle J Boyle
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia,Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peta E Tipping
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Kim A Piera
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Fiona H Amante
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Enny Kenangalem
- Timika Malaria Research Program, Papuan Health and Community Development Foundation, Indonesia,District Health Authority, Timika, Papua, Indonesia
| | - Ric N Price
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia,Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nicholas M Anstey
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | | | - Gabriela Minigo
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia,Correspondence: G. Minigo, PhD, Menzies School of Health Research, P.O. Box 41096, Casuarina NT 0811, Australia ()
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14
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Edwards CL, de Oca MM, de Labastida Rivera F, Kumar R, Ng SS, Wang Y, Amante FH, Kometani K, Kurosaki T, Sidwell T, Kallies A, Engwerda CR. The Role of BACH2 in T Cells in Experimental Malaria Caused by Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2578. [PMID: 30459773 PMCID: PMC6232374 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BTB and CNC Homology 1, Basic Leucine Zipper Transcription Factor 2 (BACH2) is a transcription factor best known for its role in B cell development. More recently, it has been associated with T cell functions in inflammatory diseases, and has been proposed as a master transcriptional regulator within the T cell compartment. In this study, we employed T cell-specific Bach2-deficient (B6.Bach2ΔT) mice to examine the role of this transcription factor in CD4+ T cell functions in vitro and in mice infected with Plasmodium chabaudi AS. We found that under CD4+ T cell polarizing conditions in vitro, Th2, and Th17 helper cell subsets were more active in the absence of Bach2 expression. In mice infected with P. chabaudi AS, although the absence of Bach2 expression by T cells had no effect on blood parasitemia or disease pathology, we found reduced expansion of CD4+ T cells in B6.Bach2ΔT mice, compared with littermate controls. Despite this reduction, we observed increased frequencies of Tbet+ IFNγ+ CD4+ (Th1) cells and IL-10-producing Th1 (Tr1) cells in mice lacking Bach2 expression by T cells. Studies in mixed bone marrow chimeric mice revealed T cell intrinsic effects of BACH2 on hematopoietic cell development, and in particular, the generation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets. Furthermore, T cell intrinsic BACH2 was needed for efficient expansion of CD4+ T cells during experimental malaria in this immunological setting. We also examined the response of B6.Bach2ΔT mice to a second protozoan parasitic challenge with Leishmania donovani and found similar effects on disease outcome and T cell responses. Together, our findings provide new insights into the role of BACH2 in CD4+ T cell activation during experimental malaria, and highlight an important role for this transcription factor in the development and expansion of T cells under homeostatic conditions, as well as establishing the composition of the effector CD4+ T cell compartment during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea L Edwards
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - Rajiv Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Susanna S Ng
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Yulin Wang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Fiona H Amante
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kohei Kometani
- Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kurosaki
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tom Sidwell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Axel Kallies
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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15
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Bunn PT, Montes de Oca M, de Labastida Rivera F, Kumar R, Ng SS, Edwards CL, Faleiro RJ, Sheel M, Amante FH, Frame TCM, Muller W, Haque A, Uzonna JE, Hill GR, Engwerda CR. Distinct Roles for CD4+ Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells and IL-10–Mediated Immunoregulatory Mechanisms during Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania donovani. J I 2018; 201:3362-3372. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Ng SS, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F, Rivera FDL, Amante FH, Kumar R, Gao Y, Sheel M, Beattie L, Montes de Oca M, Guillerey C, Edwards CL, Faleiro RJ, Frame T, Bunn PT, Vivier E, Godfrey DI, Pellicci DG, Lopez JA, Andrews KT, Huntington ND, Smyth MJ, McCarthy J, Engwerda CR. Rapid loss of group 1 innate lymphoid cells during blood stage Plasmodium infection. Clin Transl Immunology 2018; 7:e1003. [PMID: 29484181 PMCID: PMC5822408 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) share many characteristics with CD4+ T cells, and group 1 ILCs share a requirement for T‐bet and the ability to produce IFNγ with T helper 1 (Th1) cells. Given this similarity, and the importance of Th1 cells for protection against intracellular protozoan parasites, we aimed to characterise the role of group 1 ILCs during Plasmodium infection. Methods We quantified group 1 ILCs in peripheral blood collected from subjects infected with with Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 as part of a controlled human malaria infection study, and in the liver and spleens of PcAS‐infected mice. We used genetically‐modified mouse models, as well as cell‐depletion methods in mice to characterise the role of group 1 ILCs during PcAS infection. Results In a controlled human malaria infection study, we found that the frequencies of circulating ILC1s and NK cells decreased as infection progressed but recovered after volunteers were treated with antiparasitic drug. A similar observation was made for liver and splenic ILC1s in P. chabaudi chabaudi AS (PcAS)‐infected mice. The decrease in mouse liver ILC1 frequencies was associated with increased apoptosis. We also identified a population of cells within the liver and spleen that expressed both ILC1 and NK cell markers, indicative of plasticity between these two cell lineages. Studies using genetic and cell‐depletion approaches indicated that group 1 ILCs have a limited role in antiparasitic immunity during PcAS infection in mice. Discussion Our results are consistent with a previous study indicating a limited role for natural killer (NK) cells during Plasmodium chabaudi infection in mice. Additionally, a recent study reported the redundancy of ILCs in humans with competent B and T cells. Nonetheless, our results do not rule out a role for group 1 ILCs in human malaria in endemic settings given that blood stage infection was initiated intravenously in our experimental models, and thus bypassed the liver stage of infection, which may influence the immune response during the blood stage. Conclusion Our results show that ILC1s are lost early during mouse and human malaria, and this observation may help to explain the limited role for these cells in controlling blood stage infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna S Ng
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston QLD Australia.,School of Natural Sciences Griffith University Nathan QLD Australia
| | - Fernando Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia.,Molecular Immunology Division The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Parkville VIC Australia
| | | | - Fiona H Amante
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston QLD Australia
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston QLD Australia.,Department of Biochemistry Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
| | - Yulong Gao
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston QLD Australia.,School of Medicine University of Queensland Herston QLD Australia
| | - Meru Sheel
- National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance Westmead NSW Australia
| | - Lynette Beattie
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston QLD Australia
| | - Marcela Montes de Oca
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston QLD Australia
| | - Camille Guillerey
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston QLD Australia
| | - Chelsea L Edwards
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston QLD Australia.,School of Medicine University of Queensland Herston QLD Australia
| | - Rebecca J Faleiro
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston QLD Australia
| | - Teija Frame
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston QLD Australia
| | - Patrick T Bunn
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston QLD Australia
| | - Eric Vivier
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML Marseille France.,Service d'Immunologie APHM, Hôpital de la Conception Marseille France
| | - Dale I Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Daniel G Pellicci
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia
| | | | | | - Nicholas D Huntington
- Molecular Immunology Division The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Parkville VIC Australia.,Department of Medical Biology The University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Mark J Smyth
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston QLD Australia
| | - James McCarthy
- Clinical Tropical Medicine QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston QLD Australia
| | - Christian R Engwerda
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston QLD Australia
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17
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Bunn PT, Montes de Oca M, Rivera FDL, Kumar R, Edwards CL, Faleiro RJ, Ng SS, Sheel M, Wang Y, Amante FH, Haque A, Engwerda CR. Galectin-1 Impairs the Generation of Anti-Parasitic Th1 Cell Responses in the Liver during Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1307. [PMID: 29075269 PMCID: PMC5643427 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Many infectious diseases are characterized by the development of immunoregulatory pathways that contribute to pathogen persistence and associated disease symptoms. In diseases caused by intracellular parasites, such as visceral leishmaniasis (VL), various immune modulators have the capacity to negatively impact protective CD4+ T cell functions. Galectin-1 is widely expressed on immune cells and has previously been shown to suppress inflammatory responses and promote the development of CD4+ T cells with immunoregulatory characteristics. Here, we investigated the role of galectin-1 in experimental VL caused by infection of C57BL/6 mice with Leishmania donovani. Mice lacking galectin-1 expression exhibited enhanced tissue-specific control of parasite growth in the liver, associated with an augmented Th1 cell response. However, unlike reports in other experimental models, we found little role for galectin-1 in the generation of IL-10-producing Th1 (Tr1) cells, and instead report that galectin-1 suppressed hepatic Th1 cell development. Furthermore, we found relatively early effects of galectin-1 deficiency on parasite growth, suggesting involvement of innate immune cells. However, experiments investigating the impact of galectin-1 deficiency on dendritic cells indicated that they were not responsible for the phenotypes observed in galectin-1-deficient mice. Instead, studies examining galectin-1 expression by CD4+ T cells supported a T cell intrinsic role for galectin-1 in the suppression of hepatic Th1 cell development during experimental VL. Together, our findings provide new information on the roles of galectin-1 during parasitic infection and indicate an important role for this molecule in tissue-specific Th1 cell development, but not CD4+ T cell IL-10 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick T Bunn
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Institute of Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - Rajiv Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Chelsea L Edwards
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Susanna S Ng
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Meru Sheel
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yulin Wang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Fiona H Amante
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ashraful Haque
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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18
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Loughland JR, Minigo G, Sarovich DS, Field M, Tipping PE, Montes de Oca M, Piera KA, Amante FH, Barber BE, Grigg MJ, William T, Good MF, Doolan DL, Engwerda CR, Anstey NM, McCarthy JS, Woodberry T. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells appear inactive during sub-microscopic Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage infection, yet retain their ability to respond to TLR stimulation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2596. [PMID: 28572564 PMCID: PMC5453946 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02096-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are activators of innate and adaptive immune responses that express HLA-DR, toll-like receptor (TLR) 7, TLR9 and produce type I interferons. The role of human pDC in malaria remains poorly characterised. pDC activation and cytokine production were assessed in 59 malaria-naive volunteers during experimental infection with 150 or 1,800 P. falciparum-parasitized red blood cells. Using RNA sequencing, longitudinal changes in pDC gene expression were examined in five adults before and at peak-infection. pDC responsiveness to TLR7 and TLR9 stimulation was assessed in-vitro. Circulating pDC remained transcriptionally stable with gene expression altered for 8 genes (FDR < 0.07). There was no upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules CD86, CD80, CD40, and reduced surface expression of HLA-DR and CD123 (IL-3R-α). pDC loss from the circulation was associated with active caspase-3, suggesting pDC apoptosis during primary infection. pDC remained responsive to TLR stimulation, producing IFN-α and upregulating HLA-DR, CD86, CD123 at peak-infection. In clinical malaria, pDC retained HLA-DR but reduced CD123 expression compared to convalescence. These data demonstrate pDC retain function during a first blood-stage P. falciparum exposure despite sub-microscopic parasitaemia downregulating HLA-DR. The lack of evident pDC activation in both early infection and malaria suggests little response of circulating pDC to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Loughland
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.
| | - Gabriela Minigo
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Derek S Sarovich
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.,Centre for Animal Health Innovation, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matt Field
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - Peta E Tipping
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.,Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Australia
| | | | - Kim A Piera
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Fiona H Amante
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Bridget E Barber
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Matthew J Grigg
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Timothy William
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.,Sabah Department of Health, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | | | - Denise L Doolan
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Nicholas M Anstey
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.,Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Australia
| | | | - Tonia Woodberry
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
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19
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Sebina I, James KR, Soon MSF, Fogg LG, Best SE, de Labastida Rivera F, Montes de Oca M, Amante FH, Thomas BS, Beattie L, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F, Smyth MJ, Hertzog PJ, Hill GR, Hutloff A, Engwerda CR, Haque A. IFNAR1-Signalling Obstructs ICOS-mediated Humoral Immunity during Non-lethal Blood-Stage Plasmodium Infection. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005999. [PMID: 27812214 PMCID: PMC5094753 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Parasite-specific antibodies protect against blood-stage Plasmodium infection. However, in malaria-endemic regions, it takes many months for naturally-exposed individuals to develop robust humoral immunity. Explanations for this have focused on antigenic variation by Plasmodium, but have considered less whether host production of parasite-specific antibody is sub-optimal. In particular, it is unclear whether host immune factors might limit antibody responses. Here, we explored the effect of Type I Interferon signalling via IFNAR1 on CD4+ T-cell and B-cell responses in two non-lethal murine models of malaria, P. chabaudi chabaudi AS (PcAS) and P. yoelii 17XNL (Py17XNL) infection. Firstly, we demonstrated that CD4+ T-cells and ICOS-signalling were crucial for generating germinal centre (GC) B-cells, plasmablasts and parasite-specific antibodies, and likewise that T follicular helper (Tfh) cell responses relied on B cells. Next, we found that IFNAR1-signalling impeded the resolution of non-lethal blood-stage infection, which was associated with impaired production of parasite-specific IgM and several IgG sub-classes. Consistent with this, GC B-cell formation, Ig-class switching, plasmablast and Tfh differentiation were all impaired by IFNAR1-signalling. IFNAR1-signalling proceeded via conventional dendritic cells, and acted early by limiting activation, proliferation and ICOS expression by CD4+ T-cells, by restricting the localization of activated CD4+ T-cells adjacent to and within B-cell areas of the spleen, and by simultaneously suppressing Th1 and Tfh responses. Finally, IFNAR1-deficiency accelerated humoral immune responses and parasite control by boosting ICOS-signalling. Thus, we provide evidence of a host innate cytokine response that impedes the onset of humoral immunity during experimental malaria. Plasmodium parasites cause malaria by invading, replicating within, and rupturing out of red blood cells. Natural immunity to malaria, which depends on generating Plasmodium-specific antibodies, often takes years to develop. Explanations for this focus on antigenic variation by the parasite, but consider less whether antibody responses themselves may be sub-optimal. Surprisingly little is known about how Plasmodium-specific antibody responses are generated in the host, and whether these can be enhanced. Using mouse models, we found that cytokine-signalling via the receptor IFNAR1 delayed the production of Plasmodium-specific antibody responses. IFNAR1-signalling hindered the resolution of infection, and acted early via conventional dendritic cells to restrict CD4+ T-cell activation and their interactions with B-cells. Thus, we reveal that an innate cytokine response, which occurs during blood-stage Plasmodium infection in humans, obstructs the onset of antibody–mediated immunity during experimental malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Sebina
- Malaria Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- The University of Queensland, School of Medicine PhD Program, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kylie R. James
- Malaria Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- The University of Queensland, School of Medicine PhD Program, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Megan S. F. Soon
- Malaria Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lily G. Fogg
- Malaria Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shannon E. Best
- Malaria Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fabian de Labastida Rivera
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marcela Montes de Oca
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fiona H. Amante
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bryce S. Thomas
- Malaria Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lynette Beattie
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Mark J. Smyth
- Immunity in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul J. Hertzog
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geoffrey R. Hill
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andreas Hutloff
- Chronic Immune Reactions, German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ), a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian R. Engwerda
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ashraful Haque
- Malaria Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
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20
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Montes de Oca M, Kumar R, de Labastida Rivera F, Amante FH, Sheel M, Faleiro RJ, Bunn PT, Best SE, Beattie L, Ng SS, Edwards CL, Muller W, Cretney E, Nutt SL, Smyth MJ, Haque A, Hill GR, Sundar S, Kallies A, Engwerda CR. Correction: Blimp-1-Dependent IL-10 Production by Tr1 Cells Regulates TNF-Mediated Tissue Pathology. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005460. [PMID: 26872135 PMCID: PMC4752291 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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21
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Faleiro RJ, Kumar R, Bunn PT, Singh N, Chauhan SB, Sheel M, Amante FH, Montes de Oca M, Edwards CL, Ng SS, Best SE, Haque A, Beattie L, Hafner LM, Sacks D, Nylen S, Sundar S, Engwerda CR. Combined Immune Therapy for the Treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004415. [PMID: 26872334 PMCID: PMC4752322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic disease caused by infections, cancer or autoimmunity can result in profound immune suppression. Immunoregulatory networks are established to prevent tissue damage caused by inflammation. Although these immune checkpoints preserve tissue function, they allow pathogens and tumors to persist, and even expand. Immune checkpoint blockade has recently been successfully employed to treat cancer. This strategy modulates immunoregulatory mechanisms to allow host immune cells to kill or control tumors. However, the utility of this approach for controlling established infections has not been extensively investigated. Here, we examined the potential of modulating glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor-related protein (GITR) on T cells to improve anti-parasitic immunity in blood and spleen tissue from visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients infected with Leishmania donovani. We found little effect on parasite growth or parasite-specific IFNγ production. However, this treatment reversed the improved anti-parasitic immunity achieved by IL-10 signaling blockade. Further investigations using an experimental VL model caused by infection of C57BL/6 mice with L. donovani revealed that this negative effect was prominent in the liver, dependent on parasite burden and associated with an accumulation of Th1 cells expressing high levels of KLRG-1. Nevertheless, combined anti-IL-10 and anti-GITR mAb treatment could improve anti-parasitic immunity when used with sub-optimal doses of anti-parasitic drug. However, additional studies with VL patient samples indicated that targeting GITR had no overall benefit over IL-10 signaling blockade alone at improving anti-parasitic immune responses, even with drug treatment cover. These findings identify several important factors that influence the effectiveness of immune modulation, including parasite burden, target tissue and the use of anti-parasitic drug. Critically, these results also highlight potential negative effects of combining different immune modulation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J. Faleiro
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
- Banaras Hindu University Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
- * E-mail: (RK); (CRE)
| | - Patrick T. Bunn
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Griffith University, Institute of Glycomics, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Neetu Singh
- Banaras Hindu University Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Meru Sheel
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fiona H. Amante
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marcela Montes de Oca
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chelsea L. Edwards
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Susanna S. Ng
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Griffith University, School of Natural Sciences, Nathan, Australia
| | - Shannon E. Best
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ashraful Haque
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lynette Beattie
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Louise M. Hafner
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David Sacks
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Shyam Sundar
- Banaras Hindu University Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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22
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Montes de Oca M, Kumar R, de Labastida Rivera F, Amante FH, Sheel M, Faleiro RJ, Bunn PT, Best SE, Beattie L, Ng SS, Edwards CL, Muller W, Cretney E, Nutt SL, Smyth MJ, Haque A, Hill GR, Sundar S, Kallies A, Engwerda CR. Blimp-1-Dependent IL-10 Production by Tr1 Cells Regulates TNF-Mediated Tissue Pathology. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005398. [PMID: 26765224 PMCID: PMC4713066 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is critical for controlling many intracellular infections, but can also contribute to inflammation. It can promote the destruction of important cell populations and trigger dramatic tissue remodeling following establishment of chronic disease. Therefore, a better understanding of TNF regulation is needed to allow pathogen control without causing or exacerbating disease. IL-10 is an important regulatory cytokine with broad activities, including the suppression of inflammation. IL-10 is produced by different immune cells; however, its regulation and function appears to be cell-specific and context-dependent. Recently, IL-10 produced by Th1 (Tr1) cells was shown to protect host tissues from inflammation induced following infection. Here, we identify a novel pathway of TNF regulation by IL-10 from Tr1 cells during parasitic infection. We report elevated Blimp-1 mRNA levels in CD4+ T cells from visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients, and demonstrate IL-12 was essential for Blimp-1 expression and Tr1 cell development in experimental VL. Critically, we show Blimp-1-dependent IL-10 production by Tr1 cells prevents tissue damage caused by IFNγ-dependent TNF production. Therefore, we identify Blimp-1-dependent IL-10 produced by Tr1 cells as a key regulator of TNF-mediated pathology and identify Tr1 cells as potential therapeutic tools to control inflammation. Many parasitic diseases are associated with the generation of potent inflammatory responses. These are often needed to control infection, but can also cause tissue damage if not appropriately regulated. IL-10 has emerged as an important immune regulator that protects tissues by dampening inflammation. Recently, some T cells that initially produce inflammatory cytokines have been found to start producing IL-10 as a mechanism of auto-regulation. We identified an important transcriptional regulator called B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 (Blimp-1), which promotes IL-10 production by IFNγ-producing CD4+ T (Tr1) cells during malaria and visceral leishmaniasis, two important diseases caused by protozoan parasites. We found that Tr1 cell-derived IL-10 suppressed anti-parasitic immunity, but played a critical role in preventing tissue damage caused by the potent pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF. Specifically, IL-10 protected macrophages from TNF-mediated destruction, and this enabled lymphocytes to continue to migrate to regions in the spleen where T and B cell responses are generated. These findings allow us to better understand how parasites persist in a host, but also identify new opportunities to control inflammation to prevent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Montes de Oca
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Fiona H Amante
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Meru Sheel
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rebecca J. Faleiro
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Patrick T. Bunn
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Griffith University, Institute of Glycomics, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Shannon E. Best
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lynette Beattie
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Susanna S. Ng
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Griffith University, School of Natural Sciences, Nathan, Australia
| | - Chelsea L. Edwards
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Werner Muller
- University of Manchester, Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Erika Cretney
- Walter and Eliza Hall Medical Research Institute, Division of Molecular Immunology, Melbourne, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Medical Biology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stephen L. Nutt
- Walter and Eliza Hall Medical Research Institute, Division of Molecular Immunology, Melbourne, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Medical Biology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark J. Smyth
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ashraful Haque
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Shyam Sundar
- Banaras Hindu University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Axel Kallies
- Walter and Eliza Hall Medical Research Institute, Division of Molecular Immunology, Melbourne, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Medical Biology, Melbourne, Australia
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Sheel M, Beattie L, Frame TCM, de Labastida Rivera F, Faleiro RJ, Bunn PT, Montes de Oca M, Edwards CL, Ng SS, Kumar R, Amante FH, Best SE, McColl SR, Varelias A, Kuns RD, MacDonald KPA, Smyth MJ, Haque A, Hill GR, Engwerda CR. IL-17A-Producing γδ T Cells Suppress Early Control of Parasite Growth by Monocytes in the Liver. J Immunol 2015; 195:5707-17. [PMID: 26538396 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular infections, such as those caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani, a causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), require a potent host proinflammatory response for control. IL-17 has emerged as an important proinflammatory cytokine required for limiting growth of both extracellular and intracellular pathogens. However, there are conflicting reports on the exact roles for IL-17 during parasitic infections and limited knowledge about cellular sources and the immune pathways it modulates. We examined the role of IL-17 in an experimental model of VL caused by infection of C57BL/6 mice with L. donovani and identified an early suppressive role for IL-17 in the liver that limited control of parasite growth. IL-17-producing γδ T cells recruited to the liver in the first week of infection were the critical source of IL-17 in this model, and CCR2(+) inflammatory monocytes were an important target for the suppressive effects of IL-17. Improved parasite control was independent of NO generation, but associated with maintenance of superoxide dismutase mRNA expression in the absence of IL-17 in the liver. Thus, we have identified a novel inhibitory function for IL-17 in parasitic infection, and our results demonstrate important interactions among γδ T cells, monocytes, and infected macrophages in the liver that can determine the outcome of parasitic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meru Sheel
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Lynette Beattie
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Teija C M Frame
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | | | - Rebecca J Faleiro
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia; Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Patrick T Bunn
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia; Institute of Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4215, Australia
| | - Marcela Montes de Oca
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Chelsea L Edwards
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Susanna S Ng
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia; School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia; Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110078, India; and
| | - Fiona H Amante
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Shannon E Best
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Shaun R McColl
- Centre for Molecular Pathology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Antiopi Varelias
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Rachel D Kuns
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Kelli P A MacDonald
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Mark J Smyth
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Ashraful Haque
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Geoff R Hill
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Christian R Engwerda
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia;
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Edwards CL, Best SE, Gun SY, Claser C, James KR, de Oca MM, Sebina I, Rivera FDL, Amante FH, Hertzog PJ, Engwerda CR, Renia L, Haque A. Spatiotemporal requirements for IRF7 in mediating type I IFN-dependent susceptibility to blood-stage Plasmodium infection. Eur J Immunol 2014; 45:130-41. [PMID: 25319247 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201444824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Type I IFN signaling suppresses splenic T helper 1 (Th1) responses during blood-stage Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA) infection in mice, and is crucial for mediating tissue accumulation of parasites and fatal cerebral symptoms via mechanisms that remain to be fully characterized. Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) is considered to be a master regulator of type I IFN responses. Here, we assessed IRF7 for its roles during lethal PbA infection and nonlethal Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS (PcAS) infection as two distinct models of blood-stage malaria. We found that IRF7 was not essential for tissue accumulation of parasites, cerebral symptoms, or brain pathology. Using timed administration of anti-IFNAR1 mAb, we show that late IFNAR1 signaling promotes fatal disease via IRF7-independent mechanisms. Despite this, IRF7 significantly impaired early splenic Th1 responses and limited control of parasitemia during PbA infection. Finally, IRF7 also suppressed antiparasitic immunity and Th1 responses during nonlethal PcAS infection. Together, our data support a model in which IRF7 suppresses antiparasitic immunity in the spleen, while IFNAR1-mediated, but IRF7-independent, signaling contributes to pathology in the brain during experimental blood-stage malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea L Edwards
- Malaria Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Institute, Brisbane, Australia
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25
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Haque A, Best SE, Montes de Oca M, James KR, Ammerdorffer A, Edwards CL, de Labastida Rivera F, Amante FH, Bunn PT, Sheel M, Sebina I, Koyama M, Varelias A, Hertzog PJ, Kalinke U, Gun SY, Rénia L, Ruedl C, MacDonald KPA, Hill GR, Engwerda CR. Type I IFN signaling in CD8- DCs impairs Th1-dependent malaria immunity. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:2483-96. [PMID: 24789914 DOI: 10.1172/jci70698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Many pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and protozoan parasites, suppress cellular immune responses through activation of type I IFN signaling. Recent evidence suggests that immune suppression and susceptibility to the malaria parasite, Plasmodium, is mediated by type I IFN; however, it is unclear how type I IFN suppresses immunity to blood-stage Plasmodium parasites. During experimental severe malaria, CD4+ Th cell responses are suppressed, and conventional DC (cDC) function is curtailed through unknown mechanisms. Here, we tested the hypothesis that type I IFN signaling directly impairs cDC function during Plasmodium infection in mice. Using cDC-specific IFNAR1-deficient mice, and mixed BM chimeras, we found that type I IFN signaling directly affects cDC function, limiting the ability of cDCs to prime IFN-γ-producing Th1 cells. Although type I IFN signaling modulated all subsets of splenic cDCs, CD8- cDCs were especially susceptible, exhibiting reduced phagocytic and Th1-promoting properties in response to type I IFNs. Additionally, rapid and systemic IFN-α production in response to Plasmodium infection required type I IFN signaling in cDCs themselves, revealing their contribution to a feed-forward cytokine-signaling loop. Together, these data suggest abrogation of type I IFN signaling in CD8- splenic cDCs as an approach for enhancing Th1 responses against Plasmodium and other type I IFN-inducing pathogens.
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Bunn PT, Stanley AC, de Labastida Rivera F, Mulherin A, Sheel M, Alexander CE, Faleiro RJ, Amante FH, Montes De Oca M, Best SE, James KR, Kaye PM, Haque A, Engwerda CR. Tissue requirements for establishing long-term CD4+ T cell-mediated immunity following Leishmania donovani infection. J Immunol 2014; 192:3709-18. [PMID: 24634490 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Organ-specific immunity is a feature of many infectious diseases, including visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania donovani. Experimental visceral leishmaniasis in genetically susceptible mice is characterized by an acute, resolving infection in the liver and chronic infection in the spleen. CD4+ T cell responses are critical for the establishment and maintenance of hepatic immunity in this disease model, but their role in chronically infected spleens remains unclear. In this study, we show that dendritic cells are critical for CD4+ T cell activation and expansion in all tissue sites examined. We found that FTY720-mediated blockade of T cell trafficking early in infection prevented Ag-specific CD4+ T cells from appearing in lymph nodes, but not the spleen and liver, suggesting that early CD4+ T cell priming does not occur in liver-draining lymph nodes. Extended treatment with FTY720 over the first month of infection increased parasite burdens, although this associated with blockade of lymphocyte egress from secondary lymphoid tissue, as well as with more generalized splenic lymphopenia. Importantly, we demonstrate that CD4+ T cells are required for the establishment and maintenance of antiparasitic immunity in the liver, as well as for immune surveillance and suppression of parasite outgrowth in chronically infected spleens. Finally, although early CD4+ T cell priming appeared to occur most effectively in the spleen, we unexpectedly revealed that protective CD4+ T cell-mediated hepatic immunity could be generated in the complete absence of all secondary lymphoid tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick T Bunn
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
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27
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Engwerda CR, Minigo G, Amante FH, McCarthy JS. Experimentally induced blood stage malaria infection as a tool for clinical research. Trends Parasitol 2012; 28:515-21. [PMID: 23041118 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2012.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A system for experimentally induced blood stage malaria infection (IBSM) with Plasmodium falciparum by direct intravenous inoculation of infected erythrocytes was developed at the Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR) more than 15 years ago. Since that time, this system has been used in several studies to investigate the protective effect of vaccines, the clearance kinetics of parasites following drug treatment, and to improve understanding of the early events in blood stage infection. In this article, we will review the development of IBSM and the applications for which it is being employed. We will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of IBSM, and finish by describing some exciting new areas of research that have been made possible by this system.
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28
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Stanley AC, de Labastida Rivera F, Haque A, Sheel M, Zhou Y, Amante FH, Bunn PT, Randall LM, Pfeffer K, Scheu S, Hickey MJ, Saunders BM, Ware C, Hill GR, Tamada K, Kaye PM, Engwerda CR. Critical roles for LIGHT and its receptors in generating T cell-mediated immunity during Leishmania donovani infection. PLoS Pathog 2011; 7:e1002279. [PMID: 21998581 PMCID: PMC3188526 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
LIGHT (TNFSF14) is a member of the TNF superfamily involved in inflammation and defence against infection. LIGHT signals via two cell-bound receptors; herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM) and lymphotoxin-beta receptor (LTβR). We found that LIGHT is critical for control of hepatic parasite growth in mice with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by infection with the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani. LIGHT-HVEM signalling is essential for early dendritic cell IL-12/IL-23p40 production, and the generation of IFNγ- and TNF-producing T cells that control hepatic infection. However, we also discovered that LIGHT-LTβR interactions suppress anti-parasitic immunity in the liver in the first 7 days of infection by mechanisms that restrict both CD4+ T cell function and TNF-dependent microbicidal mechanisms. Thus, we have identified distinct roles for LIGHT in infection, and show that manipulation of interactions between LIGHT and its receptors may be used for therapeutic advantage. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a potentially fatal human disease caused by the intracellular protozoan parasites Leishmania donovani and L. infantum (chagasi). Parasites infect macrophages throughout the viscera, though the spleen and liver are the major sites of disease. VL is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in the developing world, particularly in India, Sudan, Nepal, Bangladesh and Brazil. Because of the intrusive techniques required to analyse tissue in VL patients, our current understanding of the host immune response during VL largely derives from studies performed in genetically susceptible mice. We have discovered that mice which are unable to produce a cytokine called LIGHT have poor control of L. donovani infection in the liver, compared with wild-type control animals. In addition, we demonstrated that LIGHT has distinct roles during VL, depending on which of its two major cell-bound receptors it engages. Finally, we identified an antibody that stimulates the lymphotoxin β receptor (one of the LIGHT receptors), that can stimulate anti-parasitic activity during an established infection, thereby identifying this receptor as a therapeutic target during disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/metabolism
- Female
- Immunity, Cellular
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interleukin-12/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-23/biosynthesis
- Leishmania donovani/immunology
- Leishmania donovani/pathogenicity
- Leishmaniasis, Visceral/immunology
- Leishmaniasis, Visceral/parasitology
- Leishmaniasis, Visceral/pathology
- Liver/parasitology
- Liver/pathology
- Lymphotoxin beta Receptor/immunology
- Lymphotoxin beta Receptor/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14/immunology
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 14/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 14/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C. Stanley
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research and the Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Biology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fabian de Labastida Rivera
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research and the Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ashraful Haque
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research and the Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Meru Sheel
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research and the Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yonghong Zhou
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research and the Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fiona H. Amante
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research and the Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Patrick T. Bunn
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research and the Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Louise M. Randall
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research and the Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Klaus Pfeffer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Scheu
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael J. Hickey
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Carl Ware
- Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Centre, Sanford|Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Geoff R. Hill
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research and the Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Koji Tamada
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, Unites States of America
| | - Paul M. Kaye
- Hull York Medical School, Department of Biology, York University, York, United Kingdom
| | - Christian R. Engwerda
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research and the Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Immunity to asexual blood stages of malaria is complex, involving both humoral and cell-mediated immune mechanisms. The availability of murine models of malaria has greatly facilitated the analysis of immune mechanisms involved in resistance to the asexual blood stages. This unit details the materials and methods required for inducing protective immunity toward experimental blood stage malaria parasites by vaccination, repeated infection, and drug cure, as well as adoptive transfer of antigen-specific T cells.
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Haque A, Best SE, Ammerdorffer A, Desbarrieres L, de Oca MM, Amante FH, de Labastida Rivera F, Hertzog P, Boyle GM, Hill GR, Engwerda CR. Type I interferons suppress CD4+ T-cell-dependent parasite control during blood-stage Plasmodium infection. Eur J Immunol 2011; 41:2688-98. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201141539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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31
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Haque A, Best SE, Unosson K, Amante FH, de Labastida F, Anstey NM, Karupiah G, Smyth MJ, Heath WR, Engwerda CR. Granzyme B Expression by CD8+T Cells Is Required for the Development of Experimental Cerebral Malaria. J I 2011; 186:6148-56. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1003955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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32
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Randall LM, Kenangalem E, Lampah DA, Tjitra E, Mwaikambo ED, Handojo T, Piera KA, Zhao ZZ, de Labastida Rivera F, Zhou Y, McSweeney KM, Le L, Amante FH, Haque A, Stanley AC, Woodberry T, Salwati E, Granger DL, Hobbs MR, Price RN, Weinberg JB, Montgomery GW, Anstey NM, Engwerda CR. A study of the TNF/LTA/LTB locus and susceptibility to severe malaria in highland papuan children and adults. Malar J 2010; 9:302. [PMID: 21029472 PMCID: PMC2978234 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-9-302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 10/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe malaria (SM) syndromes caused by Plasmodium falciparum infection result in major morbidity and mortality each year. However, only a fraction of P. falciparum infections develop into SM, implicating host genetic factors as important determinants of disease outcome. Previous studies indicate that tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and lymphotoxin alpha (LTα) may be important for the development of cerebral malaria (CM) and other SM syndromes. METHODS An extensive analysis was conducted of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TNF, LTA and LTB genes in highland Papuan children and adults, a population historically unexposed to malaria that has migrated to a malaria endemic region. Generated P-values for SNPs spanning the LTA/TNF/LTB locus were corrected for multiple testing of all the SNPs and haplotype blocks within the region tested through 10,000 permutations. A global P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS No associations between SNPs in the TNF/LTA/LTB locus and susceptibility to SM in highland Papuan children and adults were found. CONCLUSIONS These results support the notion that unique selective pressure on the TNF/LTA/LTB locus in different populations has influenced the contribution of the gene products from this region to SM susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise M Randall
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research and Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, 300 Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
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33
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Amante FH, Haque A, Stanley AC, Rivera FDL, Randall LM, Wilson YA, Yeo G, Pieper C, Crabb BS, de Koning-Ward TF, Lundie RJ, Good MF, Pinzon-Charry A, Pearson MS, Duke MG, McManus DP, Loukas A, Hill GR, Engwerda CR. Immune-mediated mechanisms of parasite tissue sequestration during experimental cerebral malaria. J Immunol 2010; 185:3632-42. [PMID: 20720206 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1000944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral malaria is a severe complication of malaria. Sequestration of parasitized RBCs in brain microvasculature is associated with disease pathogenesis, but our understanding of this process is incomplete. In this study, we examined parasite tissue sequestration in an experimental model of cerebral malaria (ECM). We show that a rapid increase in parasite biomass is strongly associated with the induction of ECM, mediated by IFN-gamma and lymphotoxin alpha, whereas TNF and IL-10 limit this process. Crucially, we discovered that host CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells promote parasite accumulation in vital organs, including the brain. Modulation of CD4(+) T cell responses by helminth coinfection amplified CD4(+) T cell-mediated parasite sequestration, whereas vaccination could generate CD4(+) T cells that reduced parasite biomass and prevented ECM. These findings provide novel insights into immune-mediated mechanisms of ECM pathogenesis and highlight the potential of T cells to both prevent and promote infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona H Amante
- Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Randall LM, Kenangalem E, Lampah DA, Tjitra E, Mwaikambo ED, Handojo T, Piera KA, Zhao ZZ, de Labastida Rivera F, Zhou Y, McSweeney KM, Le L, Amante FH, Haque A, Stanley AC, Woodberry T, Salwati E, Granger DL, Hobbs MR, Price RN, Weinberg JB, Montgomery GW, Anstey NM, Engwerda CR. Age-related susceptibility to severe malaria associated with galectin-2 in highland Papuans. J Infect Dis 2010; 202:117-24. [PMID: 20500087 DOI: 10.1086/653125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age and host genetics are important determinants of malaria severity. Lymphotoxin-alpha (LTalpha) has been associated with the development of cerebral malaria (CM) and other severe malaria (SM) syndromes. Mutations in genes regulating LTalpha production contribute to other acute vascular diseases and may contribute to malaria pathogenesis. METHODS We tested the association between rs7291467, a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the LTalpha-related gene encoding galectin-2 (LGALS2), disease severity, and function in a case-control study of ethnic Highland Papuan adults and children with SM (n = 380) and asymptomatic malaria-exposed controls (n = 356) originating from a non-malaria-endemic region but residing in a lowland malaria-endemic area of Papua, Indonesia. RESULTS The LGALS2 SNP showed a significant association with susceptibility to SM (including CM), in children (odds ratio, 2.02 [95% confidence interval, 1.14-3.57]) but not in adults. In SM, the C allele at rs7291467 was associated with enhanced galectin-2 transcript levels. In a separate group of Tanzanian children originating from a malaria-endemic region, we found preservation of the major ancestral LGALS2 allele and no association with susceptibility to CM. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest differences in the inflammatory contribution to the development of SM between children and adults in the same population and potential differences between individuals originating from malaria-endemic and non-malaria-endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise M Randall
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research and Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, and The University of Queensland, School of Population Health, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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Haque A, Stanley AC, Amante FH, Rivera FDL, Zhou Y, Kuns RD, Yardley V, Sakaguchi S, Hill GR, Engwerda CR. Therapeutic glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor-mediated amplification of CD4+ T cell responses enhances antiparasitic immunity. J Immunol 2010; 184:2583-92. [PMID: 20139272 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0903080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Chronic infectious diseases and cancers are often associated with suboptimal effector T cell responses. Enhancement of T cell costimulatory signals has been extensively studied for cancer immunotherapy but not so for the treatment of infectious disease. The few previous attempts at this strategy using infection models have lacked cellular specificity, with major immunoregulatory mechanisms or innate immune cells also being targeted. In this study, we examined the potential of promoting T cell responses via the glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor (GITR) family-related protein in a murine model of visceral leishmaniasis. GITR stimulation during established infection markedly improved antiparasitic immunity. This required CD4(+) T cells, TNF, and IFN-gamma, but crucially, was independent of regulatory T (Treg) cells. GITR stimulation enhanced CD4(+) T cell expansion without modulating Treg cell function or protecting conventional CD4(+) T cells from Treg cell suppression. GITR stimulation substantially improved the efficacy of a first-line visceral leishmaniasis drug against both acute hepatic infection and chronic infection in the spleen, demonstrating its potential to improve clinical outcomes. This study identifies a novel strategy to therapeutically enhance CD4(+) T cell-mediated antiparasitic immunity and, importantly, achieves this goal without impairment of Treg cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraful Haque
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research and The Australian Center for Vaccine Development, Queensland Institute of Medial Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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Nie CQ, Bernard NJ, Norman MU, Amante FH, Lundie RJ, Crabb BS, Heath WR, Engwerda CR, Hickey MJ, Schofield L, Hansen DS. IP-10-mediated T cell homing promotes cerebral inflammation over splenic immunity to malaria infection. PLoS Pathog 2009; 5:e1000369. [PMID: 19343215 PMCID: PMC2658824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2008] [Accepted: 03/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum malaria causes 660 million clinical cases with over 2 million deaths each year. Acquired host immunity limits the clinical impact of malaria infection and provides protection against parasite replication. Experimental evidence indicates that cell-mediated immune responses also result in detrimental inflammation and contribute to severe disease induction. In both humans and mice, the spleen is a crucial organ involved in blood stage malaria clearance, while organ-specific disease appears to be associated with sequestration of parasitized erythrocytes in vascular beds and subsequent recruitment of inflammatory leukocytes. Using a rodent model of cerebral malaria, we have previously found that the majority of T lymphocytes in intravascular infiltrates of cerebral malaria-affected mice express the chemokine receptor CXCR3. Here we investigated the effect of IP-10 blockade in the development of experimental cerebral malaria and the induction of splenic anti-parasite immunity. We found that specific neutralization of IP-10 over the course of infection and genetic deletion of this chemokine in knockout mice reduces cerebral intravascular inflammation and is sufficient to protect P. berghei ANKA-infected mice from fatality. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that lack of IP-10 during infection significantly reduces peripheral parasitemia. The increased resistance to infection observed in the absence of IP-10-mediated cell trafficking was associated with retention and subsequent expansion of parasite-specific T cells in spleens of infected animals, which appears to be advantageous for the control of parasite burden. Thus, our results demonstrate that modulating homing of cellular immune responses to malaria is critical for reaching a balance between protective immunity and immunopathogenesis. About 2.5 million people die of severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria every year. Experimental evidence from human studies and animal models indicates that severe disease syndromes arise in many organs through the sequestration of parasitized erythrocytes in vascular beds and the resulting recruitment of inflammatory leukocytes. Thus in this infection, cell-mediated immune responses appear to play a dual role by mediating protection against the parasite and also contributing to pathogenesis. Using a rodent model of cerebral malaria, we have previously found that during infection, inflammatory leukocytes are recruited to the brain via the CXCR3 trafficking pathway. Here we investigated whether blockade of the CXCR3 ligand, IP-10, alleviates brain intravascular inflammation and has an impact on the development of parasite-specific cellular immune responses involved in the control of parasitemia. We found that mice lacking IP-10 or receiving anti-IP-10 neutralizing antibodies had reduced cerebral intravascular inflammation and were protected against fatality. Inhibition of IP-10-mediated trafficking also resulted in retention of parasite-specific T cells in the spleen, facilitating control of parasite burden. Thus, IP-10-dependent trafficking critically controls the balance between pathogenic organ-specific inflammation and spleen-mediated protective immunity to malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Q. Nie
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas J. Bernard
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - M. Ursula Norman
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fiona H. Amante
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rachel J. Lundie
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - William R. Heath
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Michael J. Hickey
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louis Schofield
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Diana S. Hansen
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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37
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Randall LM, Amante FH, Zhou Y, Stanley AC, Haque A, Rivera F, Pfeffer K, Scheu S, Hill GR, Tamada K, Engwerda CR. Cutting Edge: Selective Blockade of LIGHT-Lymphotoxin β Receptor Signaling Protects Mice from Experimental Cerebral Malaria Caused by Plasmodium berghei ANKA. J Immunol 2008; 181:7458-62. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.11.7458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Abstract
This unit describes three methods for investigating the immune response to murine malaria parasites. Immunization protocols using recombinant fragments of the merozoite surface protein-1 of Plasmodium yoelii, whole blood stage malaria parasites, and live infection with parasitized red blood cells from a Plasmodium-infected donor are provided. Methods for chemotherapeutic drug care of Plasmodium-infected mice and for inducing malaria by adoptive transfer of antigen-specific T cells are included. Finally, support protocols describe methods for growing, maintaining, and cryopreserving murine asexual blood stage malaria parasites and for preparing blood stage antigen for use in ELISAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Amante
- The Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Queensland, Australia
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39
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Stanley AC, Zhou Y, Amante FH, Randall LM, Haque A, Pellicci DG, Hill GR, Smyth MJ, Godfrey DI, Engwerda CR. Activation of invariant NKT cells exacerbates experimental visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS Pathog 2008; 4:e1000028. [PMID: 18463695 PMCID: PMC2265425 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2007] [Accepted: 01/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We report that natural killer T (NKT) cells play only a minor physiological role in protection from Leishmania donovani infection in C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, attempts at therapeutic activation of invariant NKT (iNKT) cells with α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) during L. donovani infection exacerbated, rather than ameliorated, experimental visceral leishmaniasis. The inability of α-GalCer to promote anti-parasitic immunity did not result from inefficient antigen presentation caused by infection because α-GalCer–loaded bone marrow–derived dendritic cells were also unable to improve disease resolution. The immune-dampening affect of α-GalCer correlated with a bias towards increased IL-4 production by iNKT cells following α-GalCer stimulation in infected mice compared to naïve controls. However, studies in IL-4–deficient mice, and IL-4 neutralisation in cytokine-sufficient mice revealed that α-GalCer–induced IL-4 production during infection had only a minor role in impaired parasite control. Analysis of liver cell composition following α-GalCer stimulation during an established L. donovani infection revealed important differences, predominantly a decrease in IFNγ+ CD8+ T cells, compared with control-treated mice. Our data clearly illustrate the double-edged sword of NKT cell–based therapy, showing that in some circumstances, such as when sub-clinical or chronic infections exist, iNKT cell activation can have adverse outcomes. Natural killer T (NKT) cells are a unique subset of T cells that can produce large quantities of inflammatory cytokines very rapidly upon stimulation. They are known to be strongly stimulated by a molecule called α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) that is derived from a marine sponge, and in this way α-GalCer is hoped to provide effective immunotherapy for a wide range of diseases. We attempted to stimulate NKT cells with α-GalCer in mice infected with Leishmania donovani, a protozoan parasite that causes a chronic disease known as visceral leishmaniasis in humans. L. donovani characteristically causes an acute resolving infection in the liver where NKT cells are abundant. Therefore, we hypothesised that by stimulating these cells with α-GalCer we would improve the rate of hepatic disease resolution. However, while α-GalCer administered prior to infection had no effect on hepatic parasite burden, α-GalCer administered during an established infection exacerbated hepatic disease, associated with a decrease in IFNγ-producing CD8+ T cells. These results are important as they demonstrate that therapies aimed at modulating NKT cell function are not always beneficial, and adverse consequences may occur in certain circumstances, such as in the presence of persistent and/or sub-clinical infections.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Blocking/pharmacology
- Biomarkers
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Galactosylceramides/therapeutic use
- Gene Silencing
- Host-Parasite Interactions
- Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use
- Interferon-gamma
- Interleukin-4/deficiency
- Interleukin-4/immunology
- Interleukin-4/metabolism
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Leishmania donovani/immunology
- Leishmania donovani/pathogenicity
- Leishmaniasis, Visceral/drug therapy
- Leishmaniasis, Visceral/immunology
- Leishmaniasis, Visceral/pathology
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver/parasitology
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C. Stanley
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yonghong Zhou
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fiona H. Amante
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Louise M. Randall
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ashraful Haque
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniel G. Pellicci
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geoff R. Hill
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark J. Smyth
- Cancer Immunology Program, Trescowthick Laboratories, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dale I. Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christian R. Engwerda
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
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40
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Amante FH, Stanley AC, Randall LM, Zhou Y, Haque A, McSweeney K, Waters AP, Janse CJ, Good MF, Hill GR, Engwerda CR. A role for natural regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis of experimental cerebral malaria. Am J Pathol 2007; 171:548-59. [PMID: 17600128 PMCID: PMC1934517 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2007.061033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral malaria (CM) is a serious complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection that is responsible for a significant number of deaths in children and nonimmune adults. A failure to control blood parasitemia and subsequent sequestration of parasites to brain microvasculature are thought to be key events in many CM cases. Here, we show for the first time, to our knowledge, that CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) natural regulatory T (Treg) cells contribute to pathogenesis by modulating immune responses in P. berghei ANKA (PbA)-infected mice. Depletion of Treg cells with anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody protected mice from experimental CM. The accumulation of parasites in the vasculature and brain was reduced in these animals, resulting in significantly lower parasite burdens compared with control animals. Mice lacking Treg cells had increased numbers of activated CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the spleen and lymph nodes, but CD8(+) T-cell recruitment to the brain was selectively reduced in these mice. Importantly, a non-Treg-cell source of interleukin-10 was critical in preventing experimental CM. Finally, we show that therapeutic administration of anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody, even when blood parasitemia is established, can prevent disease, confirming a critical and paradoxical role for Treg cells in experimental CM pathogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/parasitology
- Brain/pathology
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/immunology
- Immunohistochemistry
- Interferon-gamma/genetics
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interleukin-10/genetics
- Interleukin-10/metabolism
- Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/immunology
- Luciferases/genetics
- Luciferases/metabolism
- Lymph Nodes/drug effects
- Lymph Nodes/immunology
- Lymph Nodes/parasitology
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Malaria, Cerebral/etiology
- Malaria, Cerebral/immunology
- Malaria, Cerebral/prevention & control
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred CBA
- Mice, Transgenic
- Parasitemia/complications
- Parasitemia/prevention & control
- Plasmodium berghei/growth & development
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Spleen/drug effects
- Spleen/immunology
- Spleen/parasitology
- Survival Analysis
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/physiology
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona H Amante
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
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41
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deWalick S, Amante FH, McSweeney KA, Randall LM, Stanley AC, Haque A, Kuns RD, MacDonald KPA, Hill GR, Engwerda CR. Cutting edge: conventional dendritic cells are the critical APC required for the induction of experimental cerebral malaria. J Immunol 2007; 178:6033-7. [PMID: 17475826 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.10.6033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral malaria (CM) is a serious complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection, causing significant morbidity and mortality among young children and nonimmune adults in the developing world. Although previous work on experimental CM has identified T cells as key mediators of pathology, the APCs and subsets therein required to initiate immunopathology remain unknown. In this study, we show that conventional dendritic cells but not plasmacytoid dendritic cells are required for the induction of malaria parasite-specific CD4+ T cell responses and subsequent experimental CM. These data have important implications for the development of malaria vaccines and the therapeutic management of CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia deWalick
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Australia
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42
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Amante FH, Crewther PE, Anders RF, Good MF. A cryptic T cell epitope on the apical membrane antigen 1 of Plasmodium chabaudi adami can prime for an anamnestic antibody response: implications for malaria vaccine design. The Journal of Immunology 1997. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.159.11.5535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
We have investigated the proliferative and Th cell responses to the Plasmodium chabaudi adami DS homologue of the Plasmodium falciparum apical membrane Ag 1 (AMA-1), a leading malaria vaccine candidate. Immunodominant T cell epitopes were defined following immunization of BALB/c mice with Escherichia coli-expressed, refolded P. c. adami DS AMA-1 recombinant protein and testing cells from the draining lymph nodes for responses against a series of overlapping peptides spanning P. c. adami AMA-1. A limited number of major T cell sites were identified in both conserved and variable regions of the protein. Several cryptic epitopes that evoked T cell responses following immunization with peptides, but not after protein immunization, were also identified. Adoptive transfer of a T cell line specific for a conserved cryptic epitope (corresponding to residues 31-50) provided help for an anti-AMA-1 protein-specific Ab response following in vivo challenge with P. c. adami parasitized RBC, such that AMA-1-specific Abs appeared more rapidly in recipient mice than in controls. Furthermore, T cells specific for cryptic epitopes afforded partial protection against P. c. adami infection in nude mice. The identification of conserved cryptic Th cell epitopes has important implications for malaria vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Amante
- The Cooperative Research Center for Vaccine Technology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Australia
| | - P E Crewther
- The Cooperative Research Center for Vaccine Technology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Australia
| | - R F Anders
- The Cooperative Research Center for Vaccine Technology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Australia
| | - M F Good
- The Cooperative Research Center for Vaccine Technology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Australia
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Amante FH, Crewther PE, Anders RF, Good MF. A cryptic T cell epitope on the apical membrane antigen 1 of Plasmodium chabaudi adami can prime for an anamnestic antibody response: implications for malaria vaccine design. J Immunol 1997; 159:5535-44. [PMID: 9548494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the proliferative and Th cell responses to the Plasmodium chabaudi adami DS homologue of the Plasmodium falciparum apical membrane Ag 1 (AMA-1), a leading malaria vaccine candidate. Immunodominant T cell epitopes were defined following immunization of BALB/c mice with Escherichia coli-expressed, refolded P. c. adami DS AMA-1 recombinant protein and testing cells from the draining lymph nodes for responses against a series of overlapping peptides spanning P. c. adami AMA-1. A limited number of major T cell sites were identified in both conserved and variable regions of the protein. Several cryptic epitopes that evoked T cell responses following immunization with peptides, but not after protein immunization, were also identified. Adoptive transfer of a T cell line specific for a conserved cryptic epitope (corresponding to residues 31-50) provided help for an anti-AMA-1 protein-specific Ab response following in vivo challenge with P. c. adami parasitized RBC, such that AMA-1-specific Abs appeared more rapidly in recipient mice than in controls. Furthermore, T cells specific for cryptic epitopes afforded partial protection against P. c. adami infection in nude mice. The identification of conserved cryptic Th cell epitopes has important implications for malaria vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Amante
- The Cooperative Research Center for Vaccine Technology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Australia
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44
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Amante FH, Good MF. Prolonged Th1-like response generated by a Plasmodium yoelii-specific T cell clone allows complete clearance of infection in reconstituted mice. Parasite Immunol 1997; 19:111-26. [PMID: 9106817 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3024.1997.d01-187.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we report the ability of in vitro cultured CD4+ T cells, generated following immunization with dead blood stage P. yoelii parasites, to mediate protection against homologous challenge infection in reconstituted nude mice. P. yoelii-specific T cell line cells produced IFN-gamma after in vitro stimulation with specific antigen, and were protective when adoptively transferred into athymic nude mice. Following transfer P. yoelii-specific T cell lines into nude and SCID mice, elevated levels of nitric oxide (NO) were detected during the first week of infection at a time when parasitaemias were suppressed. However, in vivo blocking of NO production through administration of L-NMMA, an inhibitor of NO synthase, increased mortality, but did not alter the course of primary parasitaemia in P. yoelii-specific T cell line-reconstituted nude mice. In addition, a P. yoelii-specific CD4+ T cell clone, which produced IFN-gamma in vitro, afforded sterile protection via mechanisms other than NO. By ELISA, antibodies were undetectable on all but one day (day 79) post T cell clone transfer and parasite challenge, where very low levels of antibodies were detected, with some evidence of recognition of malaria proteins by Western blot. Collectively, our data suggest that T cell effector functions, independent of NO production and in the absence of high levels of parasite-specific antibodies, can contribute to sterile immunity of P. yoelii.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Amante
- Cooperative Research Centre for Vaccine Technology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, PO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Australia
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