Evaluating Debio 1347 in Patients with FGFR Fusion-Positive Advanced Solid Tumors from the FUZE Multicenter, Open-Label, Phase II Basket Trial

PURPOSE

This multicenter phase II basket trial investigated the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of Debio 1347, an investigational, oral, highly selective, ATP-competitive, small molecule inhibitor of FGFR1-3, in patients with solid tumors harboring a functional FGFR1-3 fusion.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Eligible adults had a previously treated locally advanced (unresectable) or metastatic biliary tract (cohort 1), urothelial (cohort 2) or other histologic cancer type (cohort 3). Debio 1347 was administered at 80 mg once daily, continuously, in 28-day cycles. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included duration of response, progression-free survival, overall survival, pharmacokinetics, and incidence of adverse events.

RESULTS

Between March 22, 2019 and January 8, 2020, 63 patients were enrolled and treated, 30 in cohort 1, four in cohort 2, and 29 in cohort 3. An unplanned preliminary statistical review showed that the efficacy of Debio 1347 was lower than predicted and the trial was terminated. Three of 58 evaluable patients had partial responses, representing an ORR of 5%, with a further 26 (45%) having stable disease (≥6 weeks duration). Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 22 (35%) of 63 patients, with the most common being hyperphosphatemia (13%) and stomatitis (5%). Two patients (3%) discontinued treatment due to adverse events.

CONCLUSIONS

Debio 1347 had manageable toxicity; however, the efficacy in patients with tumors harboring FGFR fusions did not support further clinical evaluation in this setting. Our transcriptomic-based analysis characterized in detail the incidence and nature of FGFR fusions across solid tumors.

A Comparative Multicenter Cohort Study Evaluating the Long-Term Influence of the Strict Lockdown during the First COVID-19 Wave on Lung Cancer Patients (ARTEMISIA Trial)

The consequences of the strict health restrictions during the first wave of COVID-19 on lung cancer (LC) patients are not known. This cohort study evaluated the impact of the initial lockdown on management of and long-term outcome in LC patients. This exposed-unexposed-type study included two evaluation periods of 6 months each in non-selected patients; one began on the first day of lockdown in 2020, and the other in 2019 during the same calendar period. Various indicators were compared: clinical profiles, management delays and overall survival beyond 2 years. A total of 816 patients from 7 public or private centers were enrolled. The clinical characteristics of the patients in 2020 did not differ from those in 2019, except that the population was older (p = 0.002) with more non-smokers (p = 0.006). Delays for pre-therapeutic medical management were generally reduced after the first imaging in 2020 (1.28 [1.1-1.49]). In the multivariate analysis, being part of the 2020 cohort was correlated with better prognosis (HR = 0.71 [0.5-0.84], p < 0.001). The gain observed in 2020 mainly benefited non-smoking patients, along with ECOG PS 0-2 (p = 0.01), stage 4 (p = 0.003), squamous cell carcinoma (p = 0.03) and receiving systemic therapy (p = 0.03). In conclusion, the first lockdown did not exert any deleterious impact on LC patients.

COVID-19 Infection despite Previous Vaccination in Cancer Patients and Healthcare Workers: Results from a French Prospective Multicenter Cohort (PAPESCO-19)

In a multicenter prospective cohort of cancer patients (CP; n = 840) and healthcare workers (HCWs; n = 935) vaccinated against COVID-19, we noticed the following: i/after vaccination, 4.4% of HCWs and 5.8% of CP were infected; ii/no characteristic was associated with post-vaccine COVID-19 infections among HCWs; iii/CP who developed infections were younger, more frequently women (NS), more frequently had gastrointestinal, gynecological, or breast cancer and a localized cancer stage; iv/CP vaccinated while receiving chemotherapy or targeted therapy had (NS) more breakthrough infections after vaccination than those vaccinated after these treatments; the opposite was noted with radiotherapy, immunotherapy, or hormonotherapy; v/most COVID-19 infections occurred either during the Alpha wave (11/41 HCW, 20/49 CP), early after the first vaccination campaign started, or during the Omicron wave (21/41 HCW, 20/49 CP), more than 3 months after the second dose; vi/risk of infection was not associated with values of antibody titers; vii/the outcome of these COVID-19 infections after vaccination was not severe in all cases. To conclude, around 5% of our CPs or HCWs developed a COVID-19 infection despite previous vaccination. The outcome of these infections was not severe.

Opportunities and Obstacles to the Development of Health Data Warehouses in Hospitals in France: The Recent Experience of Comprehensive Cancer Centers

Big Data and Artificial Intelligence can profoundly transform medical practices, particularly in oncology. Comprehensive Cancer Centers have a major role to play in this revolution. With the purpose of advancing our knowledge and accelerating cancer research, it is urgent to make this pool of data usable through the development of robust and effective data warehouses. Through the recent experience of Comprehensive Cancer Centers in France, this article shows that, while the use of hospital data warehouses can be a source of progress by taking into account multisource, multidomain and multiscale data for the benefit of knowledge and patients, it nevertheless raises technical, organizational and legal issues that still need to be addressed. The objectives of this article are threefold: 1. to provide insight on public health stakes of development in Comprehensive Cancer Centers to manage cancer patients comprehensively; 2. to set out a challenge of structuring the data from within them; 3. to outline the legal issues of implementation to carry out real-world evidence studies. To meet objective 1, this article firstly proposed a discussion on the relevance of an integrated approach to manage cancer and the formidable tool that data warehouses represent to achieve this. To address objective 2, we carried out a literature review to screen the articles published in PubMed and Google Scholar through the end of 2022 on the use of data warehouses in French Comprehensive Cancer Centers. Seven publications dealing specifically with the issue of data structuring were selected. To achieve objective 3, we presented and commented on the main aspects of French and European legislation and regulations in the field of health data, hospital data warehouses and real-world evidence.

DOLAF: An international multicenter phase II trial of durvalumab (MEDI4736) plus olaparib plus fulvestrant in patients with metastatic or locally advanced ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer selected using criteria that predict sensitivity to olaparib

TPS1116

Background: PARP inhibitors have documented clinical activity in patients with HER2 negative breast cancer (BC) and a germline pathogenic variant (PV) in BRCA1 or BRCA2. Defects in other genes involved in homologous recombination DNA repair (HRR) or mismatch repair pathway (microsatellite instability MSI) have been associated with preclinical cellular sensitivity to PARP inhibitors. Several preclinical and clinical studies have suggested synergy between immune checkpoint blockade and PARP inhibitors. Indeed, tumors with deficiency in HRR have higher mutagenic potential and produce a larger number of neoantigens. Around 60% of BC with a germline PV in BRCA1/ 2 are ER+/HER2- tumors, and the ER-pathway remains a key target of their therapy. The combination of PARP inhibitors with endocrine therapy has shown to be superior to monotherapy. Methods: DOLAF is an open-label, international, multicentric, phase II trial assessing the combination of olaparib, fulvestrant, and durvalumab in ER+/HER2- metastatic or locally advanced BC with somatic or germline PV in BRCA1, BRCA2 or other genes implicated in the HRR pathway (ATM, BARD1, BRIP1, CDK12, CHEK1, CHEK2, FANCA, FAND2, FANCL, MRE11A, NBN, PALB2, PPP2R2A, RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D and RAD54L) or in MSI status or other actionable genes ( AKT1, ESR1, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, and PIK3CA) all based on central tumor NGS. Further an amendment in May 2021, patients with only alterations in these other actionable genes can no longer be included. Patients must have received 1 prior line of endocrine therapy for their metastatic BC, including CDK4/6 inhibitor and maximum of 1 line of chemotherapy in the metastatic setting. Patients receive olaparib (twice daily at 300 mg), fulvestrant (2 intramuscular injections of 250 mg every 28 days) and durvalumab (1500 mg intravenous every 4 weeks). The primary objective is to evaluate the progression-free survival rate at 24 weeks. Secondary endpoints include safety, overall survival, objective response rate, in the overall population and in the germline BRCA mutated population. With an optimum two-stage Simon design, α = 2.5%, β = 5%, p0 (probability of inefficiency maximum) = 50%, p1 (probability of minimum efficiency) = 65%, it is necessary to include 158 patients. The strategy could be considered sufficiently effective if there are at least 87 patients without progression at 24 weeks. Given the lack of safety data from this association, a safety run-in phase including 6 patients has been completed without DLT. As of December 31, 2021, 266 patients have been screened of whom 102 have been treated. The first interim analysis occured in November 2021 after the inclusion of 64 evaluable patients. IDMC suggested that the trial continue as planned. Clinical trial information: NCT04053322.

COVID-19 Infections in Cancer Patients Were Frequently Asymptomatic: Description From a French Prospective Multicenter Cohort (PAPESCO-19)

Background

Cancer patients (CPs) are considered more vulnerable and as a high mortality group regarding COVID-19. In this analysis, we aimed to describe asymptomatic COVID (+) CPs and associated factors.

Methods

We conducted a prospective study in CPs and health care workers (HCWs) in 4 French cancer centers (PAPESCO [PAtients et PErsonnels de Santé des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer pendant l'épidémie de COvid-19] study). This analysis used data recorded between June 17, 2020 and November 30, 2020 in CPs (first 2 waves, no variants). At inclusion and quarterly, CPs reported the presence of predefined COVID-19 symptoms and had a blood rapid diagnostic test; a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was done in case of suspected infection.

Results

A total 878 CPs were included; COVID-19 prevalence was similar in both CPs (8%) and HCWs (9.5%); of the 70 CPs (8%) who were COVID (+), 29 (41.4%) were and remained asymptomatic; 241/808 of the COVID (-) (29.8%) were symptomatic. 18 COVID (+) were hospitalized (2% of CPs), 1 in intensive care unit (ICU) and 1 died (0.1% of CPs and 2.4% of symptomatic COVID [+] CPs). Only the inclusion center was associated with clinical presentation (in Nancy, Angers, Nantes, and Clermont-Ferrand: 65.4%, 35%, 28.6%, and 10% CPs were asymptomatic, respectively).

Conclusions

Seroprevalence of COVID-19 in CPs was similar to that observed in HCWs; mortality related to COVID-19 among CPs was 0.1%. More than 40% of COVID (+) CPs were asymptomatic and one third of COVID (-) CPs had symptoms. Only geographic origin was associated with the presence or absence of symptoms. Social distancing and protective measures must be applied in CPs at home and when hospitalized.

Abstract OT1-20-01: Feasibility of creation of a clinico-biological database: A prospective longitudinal cohort study of metastatic breast cancer patients (epicuresein)

Background: Each year 5 to 10% of new breast cancers are diagnosed with a metastatic staging. Metastatic breast cancer remains an incurable disease despite significant therapeutic advances in both supportive cares and targeted specific therapies. The disease is in most cases characterized by the disruption of systemic homeostasis (coinciding with multiple interactive and dependent parameters). Decision algorithms rely on a number of objective and subjective parameters which allow the therapeutic decision making process to become the most individualized or adapted. Extrinsic objectives parameters are currently based on EBM (evidence-based-medicine). Intrinsic subjective parameters are taken into account in decision-making: parameters that are linked to the oncologist's assumptions, such asthe sensitivity to the theoretical efficacy of treatments and the definition of sensitivity. Currently, the clinician rationalizes these therapeutic indications according to the prediction of the treatment response from the "phenotypic classification". Cancer is a complex disease relying on numerous elements in dynamic, organized and evolving interactions, and analysis of a complex system requires a global approach. The research hypothesis is to evolve from a reductionist, disjunctive, analytical view of the characterization of cell components (genes, transcripts, proteins, etc.) to a global, systemic, conjunctive and organizational vision: distinct datasets are linked and we need to unravel these underlying links. With this project, we want to demonstrate the ability to exploit complex data in healthcare and in particular in cancer management. We chose a specific metastatic breast cancer model. Methods: Our project is to integrate massive and heterogeneous data concerning the patient’s environment, personal and familial history, clinical and biological data, imaging, histological results, multi-omics data, and microbiota analysis. These characteristics are multiple and in dynamic interaction overtime. The main objective is to prove feasibility of creation of a clinico-biological database prospectively by collecting epidemiological, socio-economic, clinical, biological, pathological, multi-omics data and to identify characteristics related to the disease progression before treatment and within 15 years after treatment start from a cohort of 300 patients with a metastatic breast cancer treated in our institution. Results: The EPICURE trial opened in December 2018. Overall recruitment as of July 2021 was 116 patients; 72% had history of adjuvant therapy and 28% had immediately metastatic disease. We created three groups: HR+/Her2- (75% of enrolment); HER2+ (12%); and triple-negative breast cancer (13%). For 89% of patients, we obtained metastatic biopsy during screening and at date 20 metastatic biopsies for recurrence. For all patients, we collected blood sample following the flow chart and microbiota at the screening. Conclusion: EPICURE is an original and longitudinal prospective biocollection of metastatic breast cancer patients. We expect answering specific scientific questions regarding metastatic disease with heterogeneous data, especially by collecting data without a priori value or links each other. Clinical trial information: NCT03958136. Funding: EPICURE is funded by the FEDER European fundings, Astra Zeneca and Lilly

Citation Format: Mathilde Colombié, Pascal Jézéquel, Mathieu Rubeaux, Jean-Sebastien Frenel, Frédéric Bigot, Valérie Seegers, Mario Campone. Feasibility of creation of a clinico-biological database: A prospective longitudinal cohort study of metastatic breast cancer patients (epicuresein) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT1-20-01.

Anosmia but Not Ageusia as a COVID-19-Related Symptom among Cancer Patients-First Results from the PAPESCO-19 Cohort Study

Background: Cancer patients may fail to distinguish COVID-19 symptoms such as anosmia, dysgeusia/ageusia, anorexia, headache, and fatigue, which are frequent after cancer treatments. We aimed to identify symptoms associated with COVID-19 and to assess the strength of their association in cancer and cancer-free populations. Methods: The multicenter cohort study PAPESCO-19 included 878 cancer patients and 940 healthcare workers (HCWs). At baseline and quarterly thereafter, they reported the presence or absence of 13 COVID-19 symptoms observed over 3 months and the results of routine screening RT-PCR, and they were systematically tested for SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies. We identified the symptom combinations significantly associated with COVID-19. Results: Eight percent of cancer patients were COVID-19 positive, and 32% were symptomatic. Among the HCWs, these proportions were 9.5 and 52%, respectively. Anosmia, anorexia, fever, headache, and rhinorrhea together accurately discriminated (c-statistic = 0.7027) COVID-19 cases from cancer patients. Anosmia, dysgeusia/ageusia, muscle pain, intense fatigue, headache, and chest pain better discriminated (c-statistic = 0.8830) COVID-19 cases among the HCWs. Anosmia had the strongest association in both the cancer patients (OR = 7.48, 95% CI: 2.96-18.89) and HCWs (OR = 5.71, 95% CI: 2.21-14.75). Conclusions: COVID-19 symptoms and their diagnostic performance differ in the cancer patients and HCWs. Anosmia is associated with COVID-19 in cancer patients, while dysgeusia/ageusia is not. Cancer patients deserve tailored preventive measures due to their particular COVID-19 symptom pattern.

ROCSAN trial (GINECO-EN203b/ENGOT-EN8): A multicentric randomized phase II/III evaluating dostarlimab in combination with niraparib versus niraparib alone compared to chemotherapy in the treatment of endometrial/ovarian carcinosarcoma after at least one line of platinum based chemotherapy

TPS5604

Background: Gynecological carcinosarcomas (CS) are rare and highly aggressive tumors with a 5-year overall survival (OS) < 10%. After initial treatment majority of patients (pts) relapse and receive diverse chemotherapies (CT) producing modest benefits. The median PFS in relapse after platinum based CT is less than 4 months and median OS less than 1 year. New innovative strategies are urgently needed. Since CS showed high DNA damage response activity and potentially a high tumor mutation load resulting in neo-antigens, a synergy between PARPi and anti-PD1 is expected. Methods: ROCSAN is a multicentric, randomized, open-label, integrated Phase II/III study. In the Phase II, 63 pts with recurrent or progressing endometrial or ovarian CS after at least a first line of platinum-based CT will be randomized (2:2:1) to receive either niraparib in monotherapy, niraparib in combination with dostarlimab or standard CT (paclitaxel, doxorubicine, gemcitabine, topotecan). Stratification factors include the number of previous CT lines (1 vs 2-3), FIGO stage at diagnosis (I-II vs III-IV), CS localisation (ovarian vs endometrial), and performance status (0-1 vs 2). The primary objective of the Phase II is to select the best experimental strategy between niraparib and dostarlimab/niraparib combination based on Response Rate at 4 months (RR-4M by RECIST1.1). A single stage design with a 10% unacceptable RR-4M and a 30% targeted RR-4M was used to determine Phase II sample size, assuming a 10% one sided alpha for each comparison and more than 90% power. A pick-the-winner selection design could be used in case of promising efficacy in each experimental arm. At the interim analysis, an Independent Data Monitoring Committee will make recommendation for the selection of the optimal experimental arm. The Steering committee could then support to continue enrolment for the international Phase III which is calibrated to detect an improvement in median OS from 7 months (Standard CT) to 11.7 months (best experimental arm). Assuming a 5% alpha level and 80% power, 133 additional pts could be randomized (2:1). Secondary endpoints include safety, PFS, PFS2, TTST, ORR, duration of response, patient report outcomes (assessed via EORTC QLQ-C30 OV28, HADS, PRO-CTCAE). A translational program supported by European Community is associated to the clinical study to identify predictive biomarkers of response/resistance to study treatments, to correlate with immune environment, a special focus on genetic instability and the EMT process will be included. Trial is currently recruiting only in France for the phase II part, the first pt was randomized in July 2020. Clinical trial information: NCT 03651206.

[Genetic instability, a factor limiting the efficiency of targeted therapies in solid oncology]

Genomic instability is one of the main properties of tumour development, promoting first the acquisition of genetic alterations and thus carcinogenesis. Then, the chronic and anarchic proliferation of cancer cells also supports and contributes to this instability allowing a continuous evolution of the tumour. The accumulation of mutations resulting from that instability contributes to tumour heterogeneity that occurs in a specific environment. The resulting diversity of oncogenic drivers further complicates the characterization of the origin of cancer cells dysfunction and consequently therapeutic decision. However, the consideration of the molecular context in oncology has initiated the development of targeted therapies. Based on the concept of oncogene addiction and synthetic lethality, these new drugs require the characterization and identification of specific tumour biomarkers. Targeted therapies have thus considerably optimized patient management, improving efficiency and quality of life while limiting the side effects observed with conventional chemotherapies. However, despite significant clinical benefits, some major limitations to their administration remain. The study of the current issues related to these new therapeutic molecules is becoming crucial for patient management towards an improvement of personalized medicine.

[EGFR molecular characterization in non-small cell bronchic cancer: comparative prospective study by NGS and Idylla platform technologies]

INTRODUCTION

Detection of genetic alterations in the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain is a major concern in the management of non-small cell lung cancer because it conditions access to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In practice, it is possible to characterize only well-documented mutations or to sequence all relevant EGFR exons and also other targets of theranostic interest. This prospective study compares the targeted EGFR characterization on Idylla platform (Biocartis) and a more extensive one by next generation sequencing using Ion Torrent technology.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

A total of 100 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour samples were tested simultaneously by both techniques under the conditions recommended by the suppliers. The comparison covered all technical and practical aspects of the laboratory.

RESULTS

At least one EGFR mutation of interest for tyrosine kinase inhibitors for 9 and 7 samples was detected respectively by sequencing and by the Idylla system. For three samples, EGFR sensitive mutations to tyrosine kinase inhibitors were detected only by next-generation sequencing. In addition, for 37 samples, mutations of clinical interest outside EGFR were characterized by sequencing and communicated to the prescriber.

CONCLUSION

Idylla technology allows the rapid characterization of a majority of EGFR variants. The result can be optimized by careful analysis of the amplification curves with the Idylla Explore tool or by increasing the amount of initial material. A complementary new generation sequencing analysis for non-contributory results by Idylla should also be recommended.

[Therapeutic impact of molecular diagnosis in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: targeted therapies in 2013]

Recent advances in the molecular characterization of metastatic unresectable lung cancers have markedly improved the management of patients. Today, molecular tests should be performed routinely in all patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer, and in case of squamous cell carcinoma occurring in a non-smoker. In the presence of EGFR mutation or ALK rearrangement, specific inhibitors have shown superior efficacy to chemotherapy in first-line treatment for anti-EGFR (erlotinib and gefitinib) and in second-line treatment for anti-ALK (crizotinib). We will report the most recent clinical trials that aimed to identify effective therapeutic alternatives in case of acquired resistance to first-generation inhibitors (erlotinib, gefitnib, crizotinib), which inevitably occur in a median of 11-13 months at the first line setting and 7 months at the second line setting. Finally, we will describe more recently known molecular alterations such as ROS1 or RET rearrangements and HER2, BRAF, PIK3CA, DDR2 mutations. Some of these alterations are already elegible for dedicated targeted therapies within clinical trials or temporary use authorization (ATU).