1
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Pollon D, Annunziata F, Paganelli S, Tamborini L, Pinto A, Fabris S, Baldo MA, Piccolo O. Improved Process for the Continuous Acylation of 1,3-Benzodioxole. Molecules 2024; 29:726. [PMID: 38338470 PMCID: PMC10856130 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The acylation of 1,3-benzodioxole was studied in a continuous process using a recyclable heterogeneous substoichiometric catalyst. In a short time period (30 min), at 100 °C, the conversion rate was 73%, with a selectivity of 62% of the desired acylated product; the reaction was run continuously for 6 h, showing excellent stability and selectivity. Moreover, the unreacted starting material, 1,3-benzodioxole, can be easily separated by distillation and recycled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Pollon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30170 Venezia, Italy; (D.P.); (S.P.); (S.F.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Francesca Annunziata
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.A.); (L.T.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Stefano Paganelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30170 Venezia, Italy; (D.P.); (S.P.); (S.F.); (M.A.B.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Tamborini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.A.); (L.T.)
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Sabrina Fabris
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30170 Venezia, Italy; (D.P.); (S.P.); (S.F.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Maria Antonietta Baldo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30170 Venezia, Italy; (D.P.); (S.P.); (S.F.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Oreste Piccolo
- Studio di Consulenza Scientifica SCSOP, Via Bornò 5, 23896 Sirtori, Italy
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2
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Vicinanza S, Annunziata F, Pecora D, Pinto A, Tamborini L. Lipase-mediated flow synthesis of nature-inspired phenolic carbonates. RSC Adv 2023; 13:22901-22904. [PMID: 37520085 PMCID: PMC10375258 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04735k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A facile and convenient lipase-catalyzed flow approach for the chemoselective synthesis of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol methyl carbonates has been developed in neat dimethylcarbonate. The products were obtained in quantitative yield with high catalyst productivity. The biocatalytic approach was then exploited for the preparation of value-added symmetrical tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol carbonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vicinanza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan Via Mangiagalli 25 Milan 20133 Italy
| | - Francesca Annunziata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan Via Mangiagalli 25 Milan 20133 Italy
| | - Desirèe Pecora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan Via Mangiagalli 25 Milan 20133 Italy
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan Via Celoria 2 Milan 20133 Italy
| | - Lucia Tamborini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan Via Mangiagalli 25 Milan 20133 Italy
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3
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Robescu M, Annunziata F, Somma V, Calvio C, Morelli CF, Speranza G, Tamborini L, Ubiali D, Pinto A, Bavaro T. From Batch to Continuous Flow Bioprocessing: Use of an Immobilized γ-Glutamyl Transferase from B. subtilis for the Synthesis of Biologically Active Peptide Derivatives. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:13692-13699. [PMID: 36149987 PMCID: PMC9614966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
γ-Glutamyl-peptides are frequently endowed with biological activities. In this work, "kokumi peptides" such as γ-glutamyl-methionine (1) and γ-glutamyl-(S)-allyl-cysteine (2), as well as the neuroprotective γ-glutamyl-taurine (3) and the antioxidant ophthalmic acid (4), were synthesized through an enzymatic transpeptidation reaction catalyzed by the γ-glutamyl transferase from Bacillus subtilis (BsGGT) using glutamine as the γ-glutamyl donor. BsGGT was covalently immobilized on glyoxyl-agarose resulting in high protein immobilization yield and activity recovery (>95%). Compounds 1-4 were obtained in moderate yields (19-40%, 5-10 g/L) with a variable purity depending on the presence of the main byproduct (γ-glutamyl-glutamine, 0-16%). To achieve process intensification and better control of side reactions, the synthesis of 2 was moved from batch to continuous flow. The specific productivity was 1.5 times higher than that in batch synthesis (13.7 μmol/min*g), but it was not accompanied by a paralleled improvement of the impurity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina
S. Robescu
- Department
of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, viale Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Francesca Annunziata
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, Milano 20122, Italy
| | - Valeria Somma
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano 20122, Italy
| | - Cinzia Calvio
- Department
of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 1, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Carlo F. Morelli
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano 20122, Italy
| | - Giovanna Speranza
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano 20122, Italy
| | - Lucia Tamborini
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, Milano 20122, Italy
| | - Daniela Ubiali
- Department
of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, viale Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Department
of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milano, via Celoria 2, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Teodora Bavaro
- Department
of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, viale Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
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4
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Annunziata F, Contente ML, Anzi V, Donzella S, Conti P, Molinari F, Martino PA, Meroni G, Sora VM, Tamborini L, Pinto A. Enzymatic continuous-flow preparation of nature-inspired phenolic esters as antiradical and antimicrobial agents. Food Chem 2022; 390:133195. [PMID: 35594770 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A collection of nature-inspired lipophilic phenolic esters have been prepared by an enzymatic synthesis under flow conditions, using the immobilized lipase B from Candida antarctica (Novozyme 435®) as a catalyst in cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME), a non-conventional and green solvent. Their antimicrobial activity against four selected bacterial strains together with their efficiency as radical scavengers were evaluated. The obtained compounds were characterized by enhanced lipophilicity in comparison with the parent non-esterified compounds, which increased the possibility of their use as additives in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Annunziata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Martina L Contente
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Anzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Donzella
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Conti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Molinari
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Piera Anna Martino
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences (DSBCO), One Health Unit, University of Milan, via Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Meroni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences (DSBCO), One Health Unit, University of Milan, via Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Valerio Massimo Sora
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences (DSBCO), One Health Unit, University of Milan, via Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Tamborini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
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5
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Contente ML, Annunziata F, Cannazza P, Donzella S, Pinna C, Romano D, Tamborini L, Barbosa FG, Molinari F, Pinto A. Biocatalytic Approaches for an Efficient and Sustainable Preparation of Polyphenols and Their Derivatives. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:13669-13681. [PMID: 34762407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Many sectors of industry, such as food, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals, have increased their interest in polyphenols due to their beneficial properties. These molecules are widely found in Nature (plants) and can be obtained through direct extraction from vegetable matrices. Polyphenols introduced through the diet may be metabolized in the human body via different biotransformations leading to compounds having different bioactivities. In this context, enzyme-catalyzed reactions are the most suitable approach to produce modified polyphenols that not only can be studied for their bioactivity but also can be labeled as green, natural products. This review aims to give an overview of the potential of biocatalysis as a powerful tool for the modification of polyphenols to enhance their bioaccessibility, bioavailability, biological activity or modification of their physicochemical properties. The main polyphenol transformations occurring during their metabolism in the human body have been also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Letizia Contente
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Annunziata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Cannazza
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Donzella
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Pinna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Romano
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Tamborini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francisco Geraldo Barbosa
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Sciences Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza-CE 60455-970, Brazil
| | - Francesco Molinari
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
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6
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Li Z, Bavaro T, Tengattini S, Bernardini R, Mattei M, Annunziata F, Cole RB, Zheng C, Sollogoub M, Tamborini L, Terreni M, Zhang Y. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of arabinomannan (AM) glycoconjugates as potential vaccines for tuberculosis. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 204:112578. [PMID: 32717482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacteria infection resulting in tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top ten leading causes of death worldwide in 2018, and lipoarabinomannan (LAM) has been confirmed to be the most important antigenic polysaccharide on the TB cell surface. In this study, a convenient synthetic method has been developed for synthesizing three branched oligosaccharides derived from LAM, in which a core building block was prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis in flow chemistry with excellent yield. After several steps of glycosylations, the obtained oligosaccharides were conjugated with recombinant human serum albumin (rHSA) and the ex-vivo ELISA tests were performed using serum obtained from several TB-infected patients, in order to evaluate the affinity of the glycoconjugate products for the human LAM-antibodies. The evaluation results are positive, especially compound 21 that exhibited excellent activity which could be considered as a lead compound for the future development of a new glycoconjugated vaccine against TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Li
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Teodora Bavaro
- Drug Sciences Department, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Tengattini
- Drug Sciences Department, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberta Bernardini
- Italy Centro Servizi Interdipartimentale - STA, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Mattei
- Italy Centro Servizi Interdipartimentale - STA, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Annunziata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Richard B Cole
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Changping Zheng
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Sollogoub
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Lucia Tamborini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Terreni
- Drug Sciences Department, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Yongmin Zhang
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China.
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7
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Rinaldi F, Fernández-Lucas J, de la Fuente D, Zheng C, Bavaro T, Peters B, Massolini G, Annunziata F, Conti P, de la Mata I, Terreni M, Calleri E. Immobilized enzyme reactors based on nucleoside phosphorylases and 2'-deoxyribosyltransferase for the in-flow synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant nucleoside analogues. Bioresour Technol 2020; 307:123258. [PMID: 32247276 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a mono- and a bi-enzymatic analytical immobilized enzyme reactors (IMERs) were developed as prototypes for biosynthetic purposes and their performances in the in-flow synthesis of nucleoside analogues of pharmaceutical interest were evaluated. Two biocatalytic routes based on nucleoside 2'-deoxyribosyltransferase from Lactobacillus reuteri (LrNDT) and uridine phosphorylase from Clostridium perfrigens (CpUP)/purine nucleoside phosphorylase from Aeromonas hydrophila (AhPNP) were investigated in the synthesis of 2'-deoxy, 2',3'-dideoxy and arabinonucleoside derivatives. LrNDT-IMER catalyzed the synthesis of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine and 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine in 65-59% conversion yield, while CpUP/AhPNP-IMER provided the best results for the preparation of arabinosyladenine (60% conversion yield). Both IMERs proved to be promising alternatives to chemical routes for the synthesis of nucleoside analogues. The developed in-flow system represents a powerful tool for the fast production on analytical scale of nucleosides for preliminary biological tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Rinaldi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Università degli Studi di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Jesús Fernández-Lucas
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, GICNEX, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, 080003 Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Diego de la Fuente
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Changping Zheng
- CNRS, IPCM, UMR 8232, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Teodora Bavaro
- Department of Drug Sciences, Università degli Studi di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Benjamin Peters
- Instrumental Analytics R&D, Merck KGaA, DE-64271 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Gabriella Massolini
- Department of Drug Sciences, Università degli Studi di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Annunziata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Conti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Isabel de la Mata
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Terreni
- Department of Drug Sciences, Università degli Studi di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Enrica Calleri
- Department of Drug Sciences, Università degli Studi di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
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8
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Annunziata F, Pinna C, Dallavalle S, Tamborini L, Pinto A. An Overview of Coumarin as a Versatile and Readily Accessible Scaffold with Broad-Ranging Biological Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4618. [PMID: 32610556 PMCID: PMC7370201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Privileged structures have been widely used as an effective template for the research and discovery of high value chemicals. Coumarin is a simple scaffold widespread in Nature and it can be found in a considerable number of plants as well as in some fungi and bacteria. In the last years, these natural compounds have been gaining an increasing attention from the scientific community for their wide range of biological activities, mainly due to their ability to interact with diverse enzymes and receptors in living organisms. In addition, coumarin nucleus has proved to be easily synthetized and decorated, giving the possibility of designing new coumarin-based compounds and investigating their potential in the treatment of various diseases. The versatility of coumarin scaffold finds applications not only in medicinal chemistry but also in the agrochemical field as well as in the cosmetic and fragrances industry. This review is intended to be a critical overview on coumarins, comprehensive of natural sources, metabolites, biological evaluations and synthetic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Annunziata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.A.); (C.P.)
| | - Cecilia Pinna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.A.); (C.P.)
| | - Sabrina Dallavalle
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Lucia Tamborini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.A.); (C.P.)
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.D.); (A.P.)
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9
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Fusco C, Nardella G, Fischetto R, Copetti M, Petracca A, Annunziata F, Augello B, D'Asdia MC, Petrucci S, Mattina T, Rella A, Cassina M, Bengala M, Biagini T, Causio FA, Caldarini C, Brancati F, De Luca A, Guarnieri V, Micale L, D'Agruma L, Castori M. Mutational spectrum and clinical signatures in 114 families with hereditary multiple osteochondromas: insights into molecular properties of selected exostosin variants. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 28:2133-2142. [PMID: 30806661 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary multiple osteochondromas (HMO) is a rare autosomal dominant skeletal disorder, caused by heterozygous variants in either EXT1 or EXT2, which encode proteins involved in the biogenesis of heparan sulphate. Pathogenesis and genotype-phenotype correlations remain poorly understood. We studied 114 HMO families (158 affected individuals) with causative EXT1 or EXT2 variants identified by Sanger sequencing, or multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and qPCR. Eighty-seven disease-causative variants (55 novel and 32 known) were identified including frameshift (42%), nonsense (32%), missense (11%), splicing (10%) variants and genomic rearrangements (5%). Informative clinical features were available for 42 EXT1 and 27 EXT2 subjects. Osteochondromas were more frequent in EXT1 as compared to EXT2 patients. Anatomical distribution of lesions showed significant differences based on causative gene. Microscopy analysis for selected EXT1 and EXT2 variants verified that EXT1 and EXT2 mutants failed to co-localize each other and loss Golgi localization by surrounding the nucleus and/or assuming a diffuse intracellular distribution. In a cell viability study, cells expressing EXT1 and EXT2 mutants proliferated more slowly than cells expressing wild-type proteins. This confirms the physiological relevance of EXT1 and EXT2 Golgi co-localization and the key role of these proteins in the cell cycle. Taken together, our data expand genotype-phenotype correlations, offer further insights in the pathogenesis of HMO and open the path to future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Fusco
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Grazia Nardella
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Fischetto
- Unit of Metabolic Diseases and Medical Genetics, University Hospital, P.O. Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Copetti
- Unit of Biostatistics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Antonio Petracca
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Francesca Annunziata
- Unit of Molecular Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Augello
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Maria Cecilia D'Asdia
- Unit of Molecular Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Simona Petrucci
- Unit of Molecular Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Mattina
- Unit of Medical Genetics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Annalisa Rella
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Matteo Cassina
- Unit of Clinical Genetics, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Mario Bengala
- Dipartimento di Oncoematologia, U.O.C Laboratorio di Genetica Medica, Fondazione Policlinico di Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Biagini
- Unit of Bioinformatics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Francesco Andrea Causio
- Unit of Metabolic Diseases and Medical Genetics, University Hospital, P.O. Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Camilla Caldarini
- Division of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Gaetano Pini, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Brancati
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI) IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Luca
- Unit of Molecular Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Vito Guarnieri
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Lucia Micale
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Leonardo D'Agruma
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Marco Castori
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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10
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Tamborini L, Previtali C, Annunziata F, Bavaro T, Terreni M, Calleri E, Rinaldi F, Pinto A, Speranza G, Ubiali D, Conti P. An Enzymatic Flow-Based Preparative Route to Vidarabine. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051223. [PMID: 32182773 PMCID: PMC7179437 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The bi-enzymatic synthesis of the antiviral drug vidarabine (arabinosyladenine, ara-A), catalyzed by uridine phosphorylase from Clostridium perfringens (CpUP) and a purine nucleoside phosphorylase from Aeromonas hydrophila (AhPNP), was re-designed under continuous-flow conditions. Glyoxyl–agarose and EziGTM1 (Opal) were used as immobilization carriers for carrying out this preparative biotransformation. Upon setting-up reaction parameters (substrate concentration and molar ratio, temperature, pressure, residence time), 1 g of vidarabine was obtained in 55% isolated yield and >99% purity by simply running the flow reactor for 1 week and then collecting (by filtration) the nucleoside precipitated out of the exiting flow. Taking into account the substrate specificity of CpUP and AhPNP, the results obtained pave the way to the use of the CpUP/AhPNP-based bioreactor for the preparation of other purine nucleosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Tamborini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy; (C.P.); (F.A.); (P.C.)
- Correspondence: (L.T.); (D.U.); Tel.: +39-02-50319367 (L.T.); +39-0382-987889 (D.U.)
| | - Clelia Previtali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy; (C.P.); (F.A.); (P.C.)
| | - Francesca Annunziata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy; (C.P.); (F.A.); (P.C.)
| | - Teodora Bavaro
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (T.B.); (M.T.); (E.C.); (F.R.)
| | - Marco Terreni
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (T.B.); (M.T.); (E.C.); (F.R.)
| | - Enrica Calleri
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (T.B.); (M.T.); (E.C.); (F.R.)
| | - Francesca Rinaldi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (T.B.); (M.T.); (E.C.); (F.R.)
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Speranza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Daniela Ubiali
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (T.B.); (M.T.); (E.C.); (F.R.)
- Correspondence: (L.T.); (D.U.); Tel.: +39-02-50319367 (L.T.); +39-0382-987889 (D.U.)
| | - Paola Conti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy; (C.P.); (F.A.); (P.C.)
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11
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Semproli R, Vaccaro G, Ferrandi EE, Vanoni M, Bavaro T, Marrubini G, Annunziata F, Conti P, Speranza G, Monti D, Tamborini L, Ubiali D. Use of Immobilized Amine Transaminase from
Vibrio fluvialis
under Flow Conditions for the Synthesis of (
S
)‐1‐(5‐Fluoropyrimidin‐2‐yl)‐ethanamine. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Semproli
- Department of Drug SciencesUniversity of Pavia Viale Taramelli 12 Pavia I-27100 Italy
| | - Gianmarco Vaccaro
- Department of Drug SciencesUniversity of Pavia Viale Taramelli 12 Pavia I-27100 Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Milano Via Mangiagalli 25 Milano I-20133 Italy
| | - Erica E. Ferrandi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) - CNR Via Bianco 9 Milano I-20131 Italy
| | - Marta Vanoni
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) - CNR Via Bianco 9 Milano I-20131 Italy
| | - Teodora Bavaro
- Department of Drug SciencesUniversity of Pavia Viale Taramelli 12 Pavia I-27100 Italy
| | - Giorgio Marrubini
- Department of Drug SciencesUniversity of Pavia Viale Taramelli 12 Pavia I-27100 Italy
| | - Francesca Annunziata
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Milano Via Mangiagalli 25 Milano I-20133 Italy
| | - Paola Conti
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Milano Via Mangiagalli 25 Milano I-20133 Italy
| | - Giovanna Speranza
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Milano Via Golgi 19 Milano I-20133 Italy
| | - Daniela Monti
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) - CNR Via Bianco 9 Milano I-20131 Italy
| | - Lucia Tamborini
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Milano Via Mangiagalli 25 Milano I-20133 Italy
| | - Daniela Ubiali
- Department of Drug SciencesUniversity of Pavia Viale Taramelli 12 Pavia I-27100 Italy
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12
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Contente ML, Dall’Oglio F, Annunziata F, Molinari F, Rabuffetti M, Romano D, Tamborini L, Rother D, Pinto A. Stereoselective Reduction of Prochiral Cyclic 1,3-Diketones Using Different Biocatalysts. Catal Letters 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-019-03015-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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13
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Pinna V, Daniele P, Calcagni G, Mariniello L, Criscione R, Giardina C, Lepri FR, Hozhabri H, Alberico A, Cavone S, Morella AT, Mandile R, Annunziata F, Di Giosaffatte N, D'Asdia MC, Versacci P, Capolino R, Strisciuglio P, Giustini S, Melis D, Digilio MC, Tartaglia M, Marino B, De Luca A. Prevalence, Type, and Molecular Spectrum of NF1 Mutations in Patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and Congenital Heart Disease. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E675. [PMID: 31487937 PMCID: PMC6770533 DOI: 10.3390/genes10090675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and type of congenital heart disease (CHD) and the associated mutation spectrum in a large series of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), and correlate the mutation type with the presence and subgroups of cardiac defects. The study cohort included 493 individuals with molecularly confirmed diagnosis of NF1 for whom cardiac evaluation data were available. CHD was reported in 62/493 (12.6%) patients. Among these patients, 23/62 (37.1%) had pulmonary valve stenosis/dysplasia, 20/62 (32.3%) had mitral valve anomalies, and 10/62 (16.1%) had septal defects. Other defects occurred as rare events. In this NF1 subcohort, three subjects carried a whole-gene deletion, while 59 were heterozygous for an intragenic mutation. A significantly increased prevalence of non-truncating intragenic mutations was either observed in individuals with CHD (22/59, 37.3%) or with pulmonary valve stenosis (13/20, 65.0%), when compared to individuals without CHD (89/420, 21.2%) (p = 0.038) or pulmonary valve stenosis (98/459, 21.4%) (p = 0.002). Similarly, patients with non-truncating NF1 mutations displayed two- and six-fold higher risk of developing CHD (odds ratio = 1.9713, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1162-3.4814, p = 0.0193) and pulmonary valve stenosis (odds ratio = 6.8411, 95% CI: 2.6574-17.6114, p = 0.0001), respectively. Noteworthy, all but one patient (19/20, 95.0%) with pulmonary valve stenosis, and 18/35 (51.4%) patients with other CHDs displayed Noonan syndrome (NS)-like features. Present data confirm the significant frequency of CHD in patients with NF1, and provide further evidence for a higher than expected prevalence of NF1 in-frame variants and NS-like characteristics in NF1 patients with CHD, particularly with pulmonary valve stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pinna
- UOS Diagnosi Genetica Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
| | - Paola Daniele
- UOS Diagnosi Genetica Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
| | - Giulio Calcagni
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital and Research Institute, 00165 Rome, Italy.
| | - Lucio Mariniello
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, 80100 Naples, Italy.
| | - Roberta Criscione
- UOS Diagnosi Genetica Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Chiara Giardina
- UOS Diagnosi Genetica Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Romana Lepri
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy.
| | - Hossein Hozhabri
- UOS Diagnosi Genetica Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
| | - Angela Alberico
- UOS Diagnosi Genetica Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
| | - Stefania Cavone
- UOS Diagnosi Genetica Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
| | - Annunziata Tina Morella
- UOS Diagnosi Genetica Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
| | - Roberta Mandile
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, 80100 Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesca Annunziata
- UOS Diagnosi Genetica Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
| | - Niccolò Di Giosaffatte
- UOS Diagnosi Genetica Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
| | - Maria Cecilia D'Asdia
- UOS Diagnosi Genetica Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
| | - Paolo Versacci
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Rossella Capolino
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy.
| | - Pietro Strisciuglio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, 80100 Naples, Italy.
| | - Sandra Giustini
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Daniela Melis
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, 80100 Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Cristina Digilio
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy.
| | - Bruno Marino
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Luca
- UOS Diagnosi Genetica Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
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14
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Pastorino R, Iuliano L, Vecchioni A, Arzani D, Milic M, Annunziata F, Zerbinati C, Capoluongo E, Bonassi S, McKay JD, Boccia S. Effect of alcohol dehydrogenase-1B and -7 polymorphisms on blood ethanol and acetaldehyde concentrations in healthy subjects with a history of moderate alcohol consumption. Drug Test Anal 2018; 10:488-495. [PMID: 28731573 DOI: 10.1002/dta.2251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effect of ADH1B and ADH7 genotypes on blood acetaldehyde and ethanol levels after alcohol ingestion, and to measure the genotoxic effect of smoking and ethanol on the buccal cells, also controlling for ADH variants. We recruited healthy Italian subjects with at least a moderate history of alcohol consumption. All subjects were given an alcoholic drink of 0.4 g ethanol /kg of body weight. Blood venous samples were collected at baseline, and 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after ingestion. Buccal cells were collected before ethanol ingestion. Sixty subjects were enrolled in the study. Individuals with the ADH1B GG genotype had median ethanol levels of 5.0mM (IQR 3.4-7.2), and those with the ADH1B GT/TT genotype had 4.7mM (IQR 4.2-4.8). Corresponding acetaldehyde levels were 1.5μM (IQR 0.7-2.6) for ADH1B GG genotype and 1.6μM (IQR 1.5-1.7) for ADH1B CG/GG genotype. Individuals with the ADH7 CC genotype had median ethanol levels of 5.0mM (IQR 3.3-7.2), while 5.0mM (IQR 4.7-5.6) was in those with the ADH7 CG/GG genotype. Corresponding acetaldehyde levels were 1.5 μM (IQR 0.7-2.6) for ADH7 CC genotype and 1.5 μM (IQR 1.4-1.6) for ADH7 CG/GG genotypes. A non-significant increase in the frequency of karyolitic and pyknotic cells was found in the group of heavy drinkers and current smokers, when compared to the moderate drinkers and the non-smokers. Our study does not support the hypothesis that ADH1B and ADH7 genotypes affect blood ethanol and acetaldehyde concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Pastorino
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Iuliano
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Mass Spectrometry, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Alessia Vecchioni
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Arzani
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirta Milic
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, Rome, Italy
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Francesca Annunziata
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular and Personalized Diagnostics, Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Zerbinati
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Mass Spectrometry, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Ettore Capoluongo
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular and Personalized Diagnostics, Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, Rome, Italy
| | - James D McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico 'A. Gemelli' Rome, Italy
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15
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Grillo F, Albertelli M, Annunziata F, Boschetti M, Caff A, Pigozzi S, Ferone D, Mastracci L. Twenty years of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: is reclassification worthwhile and feasible? Endocrine 2016; 53:58-62. [PMID: 26362059 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-015-0734-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare neoplasms with heterogeneous clinical behavior and potential long-term survival. In 2006/2007, the European Neuroendocrine Tumors Society introduced an important parameter, grade (based on mitoses and Ki-67 proliferation rate), which became part of the latest 2010-WHO classification. Since this is an important tool in the choice of therapeutic algorithm of patients with NETs, our aim was to audit whether retrospective reclassification is possible and feasible and correlate pathological findings with survival. From the histopathology archive, 338 GEP-NETs (1994-2014) were identified, of which 250 were diagnosed pre-2010 and 80 of these have needed, up till now, classification (morphology and grade-mitotic count/Ki-67). Morphology was well differentiated (WD) in 74 cases while only 6 cases were poorly differentiated (PD). Grade was reclassified: G1-45 cases (56 %); G2-28 cases (35 %); G3-7 cases (9 %). Overall survival (OS) in WD NETs was strikingly better compared to PD neoplasms. Differences in OS between grade were statistically significant (p < 0.0001) and, in particular, grade identified a subgroup of patients with WD lesions but with less favorable clinical behavior (OS at 5 years: G1-89 %; G2-48 %; G3-0 %; G1 vs G2 p = 0.03). Feasibility analysis quantified time for reclassification to be between 45 and 64 min/case. Our series confirms the importance of grade in prognostic stratification and underlines that reclassification is feasible, and may prove worthwhile in patient management, especially in view of the potential long survival of patients with NETs and risk of use of inappropriate therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Grillo
- Histopathology, Department of Surgical Science (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS AOU San Martino IST, Largo R. Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Manuela Albertelli
- Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Francesca Annunziata
- Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mara Boschetti
- IRCCS AOU San Martino IST, Largo R. Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Caff
- Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, University of Catania, Via Palermo 636, 95122, Catania, Italy
| | - Simona Pigozzi
- Histopathology, Department of Surgical Science (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS AOU San Martino IST, Largo R. Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Diego Ferone
- IRCCS AOU San Martino IST, Largo R. Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Mastracci
- Histopathology, Department of Surgical Science (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS AOU San Martino IST, Largo R. Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
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16
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Gatto F, Barbieri F, Castelletti L, Arvigo M, Pattarozzi A, Annunziata F, Saveanu A, Minuto F, Castellan L, Zona G, Florio T, Ferone D. In vivo and in vitro response to octreotide LAR in a TSH-secreting adenoma: characterization of somatostatin receptor expression and role of subtype 5. Pituitary 2011; 14:141-7. [PMID: 21086053 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-010-0271-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas (TSHomas) are a rare cause of hyperthyroidism and account for less than 2% of pituitary adenomas. Medical therapy with somatostatin analogues (SSAs) effectively reduces TSH secretion in approximately 80% of patients and induces shrinkage in about 45% of tumors. According with previous data, resistance to SSA treatment might be due to heterogeneity in somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) expression. We report the case of TSHoma in a 41-year-old man treated with octreotide LAR that caused a dramatic decrease of TSH and thyroid hormones and tumor shrinkage already after 3 months of pre-surgical therapy. In search of potential molecular determinants of octreotide effectiveness, we measured, in primary cultures from this tumor, SSTR and dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) expression, and octreotide and/or cabergoline effects on TSH secretion and cell proliferation. SSTR5 and D2R expression was higher than SSTR2. Octreotide significantly inhibited TSH secretion more effectively than cabergoline (P<0.001), whereas the combined treatment was comparable with cabergoline alone. Similarly, octreotide resulted more effective than cabergoline on cell proliferation, while the combination did not show any additive or synergistic effects. In conclusion, the significant antisecretive and antiproliferative effect of octreotide in this patient might be related to the high expression of SSTR5, in the presence of SSTR2. After reviewing the literature, indeed, in line with previous observations, we hypothesize that SSTR5/SSTR2 ratio in TSHomas may represent a useful marker in predicting the outcome of therapy with SSAs. The role of D2R should be further explored considering that the presence of D2R can influence SSTRs functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Gatto
- Department of Endocrine and Medical Sciences (DiSEM) & Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, 16132 Genova, Italy
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17
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Carrozza C, Lapolla R, Canu G, Annunziata F, Torti E, Baroni S, Zuppi C. Human growth hormone (GH) immunoassay: standardization and clinical implications. Clin Chem Lab Med 2011; 49:851-3. [PMID: 21361855 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2011.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Carrozza
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
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18
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Abstract
The levothyroxine suppressive efficacy in benign thyroid nodules treatment is well described in uninodular non-toxic goiter, whereas only few controlled trials enrolled patients with multinodular disease. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the short term effects of levothyroxine treatment in never treated, pre-menopausal women affected by thyroid multinodular disease. Seventy-one pre-menopausal women with thyroid multinodular disease, still presenting normal TSH levels, from Latina area were randomly assigned to a levothyroxine treated or control group. Biochemical and ultrasonography evaluations of thyroid were monitored at the enrollment and after 6, 12 and 24 months of treatment. In the levothyroxine treated group, after 1 year of treatment, thyroid and dominant nodule volume and number of nodules >0.5 mL significantly decreased from a median of 12.0 to 9.8 mL (p <0.001), from 1.0 to 0.5 mL (p <0.001) and from 0.5 to 0, respectively. Conversely, in the control group significant augmented values of these parameters were observed (p =0.007, p <0.001 and p <0.001, respectively). Furthermore, these observations were also confirmed by results obtained after a 24 months follow-up period. Our data support previous observations on the clinical usefulness of L-T(4) treatment in preventing thyroid and nodule volume and nodule numbers growth. These findings confirm the tendency of benign nodular disease toward progression and the efficacy of TSH suppression in preventing its evolution by means of removing the major growth factor for thyroid nodules still responsive to physiological stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Cesareo
- Thyroid Disease Ambulatory and Thyroid Echointervention, Ospedale S. M. Goretti, Latina, Italy
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19
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Cairo AG, Quaranta G, Laurenti P, Bruno S, La Torre G, Donno S, Geraci S, Annunziata F, Attanasio G, Molina R, Milano R, Saggion M, Lauria F, Gualano G, Delogu G, Ardito F, Pirronti T, Filograna E, De Lorenzis A, Alvaro G, Ielo S, Ricciardi G. [An integrated model for the evaluation and risk management of tuberculosis infection and active tuberculosis in homeless people in the city of Rome (Italy)]. Ig Sanita Pubbl 2008; 64:431-445. [PMID: 18985080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this article we describe an integrated model for the evaluation and risk management of tuberculosis (TB) infection and active TB in socially disadvantaged populations in the city of Rome. We describe and discuss the clinical evaluation procedures performed and the data collection forms used; these tools are useful for the epidemiologic surveillance and clinical management of patients, particularly high risk patients such as the homeless.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gerardo Cairo
- Istituto di Igiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia Agostino Gemelli, Largo Francesco Vito, Roma.
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