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Correction to: In vitro prediction of stop-codon suppression by intravenous gentamicin in patients with cystic fibrosis: a pilot study. BMC Med 2018; 16:159. [PMID: 30143037 PMCID: PMC6109304 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-018-1138-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The original article [1] contains errors in Table 1 affecting some of the presented oligonucleotide sequences and readthrough values in Table 1.
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Sévérité des angiœdèmes bradykiniques médicamenteux : étude comparative avec les formes héréditaires. Rev Med Interne 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2012.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mucoviscidose: de la physiopathologie aux nouvelles thérapies. Arch Pediatr 2012; 19 Suppl 1:S1-2. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(12)71098-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to address whether NP might be a predictive factor for severity of CF. The authors collected data from the literature on NP as a unique or associated sign in CF and reviewed the clinical and molecular aspects of CF associated with NP. CF genotypes and clinical severity in NP(+) vs. NP(-) patients were reviewed, taking into account pulmonary function, frequency of P. aeruginosa lung infection, frequency of allergy, nutritional status, and exocrine pancreatic function. The CFTR gene was also analyzed in a patient with isolated severe NP as the unique feature of CF. This review of the literature showed a `milder` phenotype in `NP+` vs. `NP-` CF patients, contrasting with a marked association between NP and `severe` CF mutations. In addition, a complex genotype was identified, associating four heterozygous variants, namely p.Q493X (a severe mutation) on the paternal allele, and p.V562I, p.A1006E, and (TG)11(T)5 (IVS8-5T) on the maternal allele, in a case of CF presenting as isolated NP. The authors speculate that genetic/environmental factors associated with NP might attenuate the functional impact of `severe` CF mutations. The overrepresentation of CF carriers among patients with isolated NP also advocates the need for CFTR molecular screening in such populations for genetic counselling purposes.
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Clinical Phenotype and Genotype of Children with Borderline Sweat Test and Abnormal Nasal Epithelial Chloride Transport. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010; 182:929-36. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201003-0382oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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[Cancer genetic predisposition: current events and perspectives in 2010]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 58:324-30. [PMID: 20691548 DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2010.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Studies performed during these last 30 years have had a major impact on the understanding of carcinogenesis. They have opened a new field: cancer genetic predisposition. At the present time, most of the cancer predispositions linked to the alteration of one gene, associated with a high risk of cancer and with a specific phenotype have been identified. About 70 genes have been identified and have led to genetic testing. The indication of genetic testing, the management of at risk patients require the establishment of guidelines. The next challenge is the identification of cancer susceptibility genes associated with low risk or modifying the effect of treatment.
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Measurement of nasal potential difference in young children with an equivocal sweat test following newborn screening for cystic fibrosis. Thorax 2010; 65:539-44. [DOI: 10.1136/thx.2009.123422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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In cystic fibrosis homozygotes and heterozygotes, neutrophil apoptosis is delayed and modulated by diamide or roscovitine: evidence for an innate neutrophil disturbance. J Innate Immun 2010; 2:260-6. [PMID: 20375556 DOI: 10.1159/000295791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2009] [Accepted: 01/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease characterized by polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN)-dominated airway inflammation. Defective apoptosis might explain PMN persistence at these inflammation sites. We previously reported that in CF patients PMN underwent delayed apoptosis, which was not always related to their infectious state and independent of the type of CF transmembrane regulator (CFTR) mutation. To understand the role of infection and PMN apoptosis in CF, PMN apoptosis was investigated in CF parents who are obligate heterozygotes for the CFTR mutation but without chronic bacterial infection. They also demonstrated delayed PMN apoptosis compared with healthy controls, as assessed by annexin-V labeling and caspase-3 cleavage. Diamide, a direct thiol-oxidizing agent, potentiated PMN apoptosis in controls and CF patients, resulting in similar levels of constitutive and Fas-potentiated apoptosis. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor roscovitine provided another approach to restore normal PMN apoptosis. However, the selective CFTR inhibitor CFTR(Inh172) did not affect PMN apoptosis in control subjects. Apparently, the dysregulation of CF PMN is not only a consequence of the chronic infectious state in CF children but might also be related to CF 'intrinsic' factors. Restoration of normal PMN apoptosis by cellular redox modulation or roscovitine opens new research avenues to decrease PMN-mediated inflammation in CF.
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Screening for the M694V mutation of the familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) gene in 604 French patients. GENETIC COUNSELING (GENEVA, SWITZERLAND) 2010; 21:461-466. [PMID: 21290976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Feasibility and efficacy of chronic transfusion for stroke prevention in children with sickle cell disease. Eur J Haematol 2009; 84:259-65. [PMID: 19912310 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2009.01379.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In children with sickle cell disease (SCD), chronic transfusion to maintain haemoglobin S (HbS) below 30% markedly decreases both the risk of a first stroke when transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography shows abnormal cerebral blood flow velocities and the risk of recurrent stroke. Maintaining HbS below 30% may be difficult, especially in countries where blood donors and recipients belong to different ethnic groups and where the availability of closely matched blood products is limited. We assessed the feasibility and efficacy of chronic transfusion with an HbS target of 30% in children with SCD living in the Paris area. METHODS We retrospectively studied 29 children aged 6.8 +/- 3.0 yr (3-15 yr) at inclusion who received chronic transfusion either because of abnormal TCD findings (primary prevention group, PPG, n = 17) or because of a previous cerebrovascular event (secondary prevention group, SPG, n = 12 including nine with a history of stroke and three of transient ischaemic attacks). RESULTS Mean follow-up was 3.5 +/- 3.0 yr (0.5-12 yr). No cases of stroke occurred in the PPG. In the SPG, one patient with a history of stroke and severe cerebrovascular disease had a recurrence after 11 yr of chronic transfusion, when the HbS level was 20%. The stroke recurrence rate (SPG group) was 1.6/100 patient-years. Mean HbS levels before and after transfusion were 30 +/- 10% and 20.6 +/- 7%, respectively. Two patients acquired red-cell alloantibodies. Of the 29 patients, 22 required iron chelation. CONCLUSIONS Regular transfusion maintaining HbS below 30% is feasible and safe in children with SCD in France and protects from overt stroke.
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Effect of mutator P. aeruginosa on antibiotic resistance acquisition and respiratory function in cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Pulmonol 2009; 44:820-5. [PMID: 19598278 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.21076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis patients suffer from recurrent bacterial infections that result in progressive deterioration of their respiratory function. Despite intensive antibiotic treatment, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the main cause of such infections, with clones progressively developing multiple antibiotic resistance. We determined the relationship between the presence of P. aeruginosa mutator strains and cystic fibrosis clinical characteristics. METHODS We analyzed 136 strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from the expectorations of 36 CF patients. On all strains, mutation frequencies were determined by the mutation rate to rifampicin, and antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the disk diffusion method. The epidemiological relatedness of these 136 P. aeruginosa strains was studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The appearance of new antibiotic resistance by sequential analysis of genotypically identical strains was determined. Lung function test results, that is, forced expiratory volume in 1 sec and vital capacity, were also recorded from these patients. RESULTS We showed that bacteria with an enhanced mutation rate increase the rate of acquisition of new antibiotic resistance threefold and are associated with the deterioration of lung function. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the effect of mutator bacteria on the efficiency of patient treatment and on their respiratory function. Given the consequence of antibiotic treatment failure and lung deterioration on the prognosis of CF patients, antibiotic treatment strategies may need to be optimized to prevent the emergence of mutator clones.
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Nouvelles thérapies dans la mucoviscidose en 2009. Arch Pediatr 2009; 16:578-80. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(09)74073-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Coronin-1 Is Associated with Neutrophil Survival and Is Cleaved during Apoptosis: Potential Implication in Neutrophils from Cystic Fibrosis Patients. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 182:7254-63. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0803312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Exhaled nitric oxide in cystic fibrosis: relationships with airway and lung vascular impairments. Eur Respir J 2009; 34:117-24. [DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00164508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Mutations of the noggin (NOG) and of the activin A type I receptor (ACVR1) genes in a series of twenty-seven French fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) patients. GENETIC COUNSELING (GENEVA, SWITZERLAND) 2009; 20:53-62. [PMID: 19400542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare but very severe disease, characterised by congenital malformations of the toes and by progressive heterotopic ossification of muscles and joints. Two genes, the noggin (NOG) gene and the activin A type I receptor (ACVRI) gene, are involved in FOP. In this study we have searched for the NOG and the 617G>A (ACVR1) mutations in a well characterized series of twenty-seven French FOP patients. Five NOG mutations (delta 42, 274G>C, 275G>A, 276G>A, and 283G>A) have been found in seven (26%) of our FOP patients. The 617G>A mutation in the ACVR1 gene is found in fourteen (52%) of the patients. With one exception (patient number 22), 617G>A and NOG mutations are mutually exclusive in patients. Mutations 274G>C, 283G>A and 617G>A segregate with the trait in five different FOP families, some members of them being partially affected by the disease.
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Glutathione S-transferases related to P. aeruginosa lung infection in cystic fibrosis children: Preliminary study. Clin Biochem 2009; 42:57-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2008.09.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2008] [Revised: 09/15/2008] [Accepted: 09/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Does regular blood transfusion prevent progression of cerebrovascular lesions in children with sickle cell disease? Ann Hematol 2008; 88:785-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-008-0670-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Accepted: 12/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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CF pediatric lung transplantation single center experience. J Cyst Fibros 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(08)60269-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chronic sinusitis in CF child carrying two missense mutations S519G and G576A in the NBF1 domain of CFTR. J Cyst Fibros 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(08)60030-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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[HHV-6 infection and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a child]. Arch Pediatr 2007; 15:37-40. [PMID: 18162384 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2007.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2007] [Accepted: 09/25/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a child who was infected by HHV-6 and who started an acute lymphoblastic leukemia two months later. This case reminds that an etiologic role have been suggested for many viral infections in some leukemias in childhood, particularly the human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6).
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Tuméfaction cervicale chez une jeune fille atteinte de mucoviscidose. Arch Pediatr 2007; 14:1210-2. [PMID: 17628456 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2007.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2007] [Revised: 05/01/2007] [Accepted: 06/04/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Lobular emphysema and soft-tissue emphysema can exceptionally complicate malnutrition. We report the case of a teenager presenting malnutrition with cystic fibrosis and anorexia nervosa with soft-tissue emphysema.
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168* Combined lung and liver transplantation in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(07)60154-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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273 Educational leaflets to improve use of volume space device in children with CF. J Cyst Fibros 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(07)60253-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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291* Nutrition education program in cystic fibrosis children. J Cyst Fibros 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(07)60266-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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In vitro prediction of stop-codon suppression by intravenous gentamicin in patients with cystic fibrosis: a pilot study. BMC Med 2007; 5:5. [PMID: 17394637 PMCID: PMC1852113 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-5-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2006] [Accepted: 03/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, which acts as a chloride channel activated by cyclic AMP (cAMP). The most frequent mutation found in 70% of CF patients is F508del, while premature stop mutations are found in about 10% of patients. In vitro aminoglycoside antibiotics (e.g. gentamicin) suppress nonsense mutations located in CFTR permitting translation to continue to the natural termination codon. Pharmacologic suppression of stop mutations within the CFTR may be of benefit to a significant number of patients. Our pilot study was conducted to determine whether intravenous gentamicin suppresses stop codons in CF patients and whether it has clinical benefits. METHODS A dual gene reporter system was used to determine the gentamicin-induced readthrough level of the most frequent stop mutations within the CFTR in the French population. We investigated readthrough efficiency in response to 10 mg/kg once-daily intravenous gentamicin perfusions in patients with and without stop mutations. Respiratory function, sweat chloride concentration, nasal potential difference (NPD) and CFTR expression in nasal epithelial cells were measured at baseline and after 15 days of treatment. RESULTS After in vitro gentamicin incubation, the readthrough efficiency for the Y122X mutation was at least five times higher than that for G542X, R1162X, and W1282X. In six of the nine patients with the Y122X mutation, CFTR immunodetection showed protein at the membrane of the nasal epithelial cells and the CFTR-dependent Cl- secretion in NPD measurements increased significantly. Respiratory status also improved in these patients, irrespective of the gentamicin sensitivity of the bacteria present in the sputum. Mean sweat chloride concentration decreased significantly and normalised in two patients. Clinical status, NPD and sweat Cl- values did not change in the Y122X patients with no protein expression, in patients with the other stop mutations investigated in vitro and those without stop mutations. CONCLUSION Suppression of stop mutations in the CFTR gene with parenteral gentamicin can be predicted in vitro and is associated with clinical benefit and significant modification of the CFTR-mediated Cl- transport in nasal and sweat gland epithelium.
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Nasal potential difference in cystic fibrosis diagnosis of very young children. J Pediatr 2007; 150:e34-5. [PMID: 17307527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2006] [Accepted: 11/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
RATIONALE Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a frequent problem for adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Only limited information is available for young patients. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate BMD of children with CF younger than 6 years. METHODS BMD was measured at the lumbar spine (LS) after adjustment for height, sex, and pubertal status in 25 children with CF younger than 6 years, 53 prepubertal children aged 6 to 10 years, and 36 adolescents aged 11 to 18 years. Nutritional status, body composition, pulmonary disease severity, corticosteroid usage, dietary calcium, caloric intake, and vitamin D status were evaluated as potential correlates of BMD. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The mean LS z score in the youngest group was significantly lower than normal (-0.96; SEM, 0.3). It did not differ significantly from that of children aged 6 to 10 years (-0.91; SEM, 0.2) or adolescents (-1.4; SEM, 0.2). LS z score was positively correlated with fat-free mass in multiple regression analysis. LS z score was less than -1 in 34% of the patients with mild pulmonary disease and normal nutritional status. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the origin of CF bone disease in early childhood may be independent of nutritional status or disease severity.
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Myeloperoxidase promoter polymorphism -463G is associated with more severe clinical expression of cystic fibrosis pulmonary disease. Mediators Inflamm 2007; 2006:36735. [PMID: 16883063 PMCID: PMC1592586 DOI: 10.1155/mi/2006/36735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The severity of cystic fibrosis (CF) pulmonary disease is not directly related to CFTR genotype but depends upon several parameters, including neutrophil-dominated inflammation. Identification of agents modulating inflammation constitutes a relevant goal. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is involved in both microbicidal and proinflammatory neutrophil activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the -463GA MPO promoter polymorphism is linked to clinical severity of CF-associated pulmonary inflammation. This polymorphism significantly affects the level of MPO gene expression in leukocytes and the G allele is more expressing than the A allele. We show that MPO genotype significantly influences the severity of pulmonary disease in early stages, prior to the development of chronic lung infections, with GG genotype being associated with more severe CF disease. Our findings indicate that the level of MPO gene expression influences the CF pathogenesis, presumably reflecting cellular damage by MPO-generated oxidants or other activity of MPO in airway inflammation.
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[Evaluation of patients' knowledge regarding counsels provided in case of chest pain after an acute myocardial infarction]. ARCHIVES DES MALADIES DU COEUR ET DES VAISSEAUX 2006; 99:1173-1177. [PMID: 18942517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION an early call to the department of urgent medical assistance--Center 15 (SAMU-centre 15) is associated to shortest delays of reperfusion in case of myocardial infarction. However, patients are not always aware of this. OBJECTIVE to assess the assimilated counsels by patients after an acute myocardial infarction. METHODS from January 1998 to June 2004, patients managed by SAMU 93 and having benefited from thrombolytic therapy prior to hospitalization and/or primary angioplasty for a ST+ acute coronary syndrome with a confirmation of acute myocardial infarction during their hospital stay were prospectively enrolled into this study. A questionnaire was administered by phone from december 2003 to july 2005, assessing the knowledge about the necessity to alert SAMU-center 15 in case of chest pain and availability of medical files data. RESULTS among the 976 patients: 111 (11%) were lost during follow-up, 162 (19%) were deceased when phone contact and 119 (12%) could not be interrogated. Among the 584 (60%) remaining subjects interrogated with a median follow-up period of 985 days (413-1596), 290 (50%) patients answered they received counseling, including 156 (27%) for taking nitrates, 19 (29%) stated they know that they should call SAMU-center 15. Patients with a high level of education and those treated by thrombolytic therapy prior to hospitalization were better informed; 464 (79%) patients declared having a prescription, 392 (67%) a hospital report, 406 (69%) an electrocardiogram, 227 (39%) a CD with their coronary angiography, and 79(14%) their medical file. CONCLUSION the level of knowledge regarding the recommended attitude in case of chest pain is poor. The availability of medical data was better. Arch Mal Cceur
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067 The presence of proteinase 3 at the plasma membrane after apoptosis decreased the rate of phagocytosis by macrophages: a new pro-inflammatory role of membrane proteinase 3 in CF neutrophils. Rev Mal Respir 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(06)71895-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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The CF-CIRC study: a French collaborative study to assess the accuracy of cystic fibrosis diagnosis in neonatal screening. BMC Pediatr 2006; 6:25. [PMID: 17018149 PMCID: PMC1599715 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-6-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2006] [Accepted: 10/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding for the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, which acts as a chloride channel after activation by cyclic AMP (cAMP). Newborn screening programs for CF usually consist of an immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) assay, followed when IRT is elevated by testing for a panel of CF-causing mutations. Some children, however, may have persistent hypertrypsinogenemia, only one or no identified CFTR gene mutation, and sweat chloride concentrations close to normal values. In vivo demonstration of abnormal CFTR protein function would be an important diagnostic aid in this situation. Measurements of transepithelial nasal potential differences (NPD) in adults accurately characterize CFTR-related ion transport. The aim of the present study is to establish reference values for NPD measurements for healthy children and those with CF aged 3 months to 3 years, the age range of most difficult-to-diagnose patients with suspected CF. The ultimate goal of our study is to validate NPD testing as a diagnostic tool for children with borderline results in neonatal screening. Methods/Design We adapted the standard NPD protocol for young children, designed a special catheter for them, used a slower perfusion rate, and shortened the protocol to include only measurement of basal PD, transepithelial sodium (Na+) transport in response to the Na+ channel inhibitor amiloride, and CFTR-mediated chloride (Cl-) secretion in response to isoproterenol, a β-agonist in a Cl- free solution. The study will include 20 children with CF and 20 healthy control children. CF children will be included only if they carry 2 CF-causing mutations in the CFTR gene or have sweat chloride concentrations > 60 mEq/L or both. The healthy children will be recruited among the siblings of the CF patients, after verification that they do not carry the familial mutation. Discussion A preliminary study of 3 adult control subjects and 4 children older than 12 years with CF verified that the new protocol was well tolerated and produced NPD measurements that did not differ significantly from those obtained with the standard protocol. This preliminary study will provide a basis for interpreting NPD measurements in patients with suspected CF after neonatal screening. Earlier definitive diagnosis should alleviate parental distress and allow earlier therapeutic intervention and genetic counseling.
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[Anti Pseudomonas aeruginosa antibiotic therapy in cystic fibrosis (exclusion of macrolides)]. Arch Pediatr 2006; 13 Suppl 1:S30-43. [PMID: 17370394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotherapy is one of the main treatment in cystic fibrosis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection is one of the main causes of pulmonary degradation. The chronic sputum colonisation is characterized by the emergence of the mucoid phenotype, the formation of biofilm and the induction of excessive inflammatory response and consecutive tissue lesion. The choice of antibiotics depends on quantitative and qualitative analysis of sputum, bacteria resistance phenotypes and severity of infection. Treatment of P. aeruginosa is different in case of first colonization or chronic infection. In the first case, parenteral antibiotherapy (beta-lactams-aminoglycosids) followed by inhaled antibiotherapy may eradicate the germ. In the other case, superinfections can be treated with parenteral biantibiothérapy (beta-lactams or quinolons and aminoglycosides) during 15 to 21 days. This is associated with a better nutritional and respiratory status and a prolonged survival. Inhaled antibiotics between the courses have decreased the number of superinfections. This prolonged antibiotherapy must be monitored because of possible induction of bacterial resistance, nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity of aminosids and allergy to beta-lactams.
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[Tuberculous cold abscess of the chest wall in children: A report of 3 cases]. Arch Pediatr 2006; 13:1265-6. [PMID: 16860543 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2006.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2006] [Accepted: 06/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Prognosis of early-onset breast cancer based on BRCA1/2 mutation status in a French population-based cohort. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
591 Background: The debate concerning poorer survival for patients with breast cancer (BC) carrying a BRCA1 germline mutation is unresolved, and requires additional data from population-based studies. Methods: We followed 232 women with invasive BC under age 46, ascertained prospectively through a French population-based BC registry, and tested for BRCA1/2 mutations (median follow-up: 82 months). We compared tumour characteristics and survival rates between 21 BRCA1/2 deleterious mutation carriers and 211 non-carriers. Results: As compared to sporadic tumours, BRCA1/2 tumours showed higher grade (p = 0.02), fewer ductal carcinoma in situ (p = 0.02), more frequent medullary histology (p = 0.02), more frequent negative oestrogen and progesterone receptors (p = 0.001 each). At five years, BC-specific survival, metastasis-free survival, ipsilateral recurrence-free survival and contralateral BC-free survival rates for BRCA1/2 mutation carriers were 95.0%, 94.7%, 100% and 90.0% respectively, compared with 89.6%, 78.2%, 88.8% and 94.4% respectively, for non-carriers (not significant). Rates for women carrying only a BRCA1 mutation were 93.3%, 93.3%, 100%, 86.7%, respectively. 76% of BRCA1/2 carriers received chemotherapy. Conclusions: Despite unfavourable tumour features, we found no evidence for poorer short-term survival in BRCA1 mutation carriers compared to non-carriers in this prospective population-based cohort. The high rate of BRCA1 carriers who received chemotherapy for their BC should question the positive impact of this treatment, as suggested by preclinical studies showing increased chemosensitivity of BRCA1-associated tumours. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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424 Education of parents with young Cystic Fibrosis children less than 5 years old. J Cyst Fibros 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(06)80364-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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411 Interest of home visits in Cystic Fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(06)80351-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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169 The presence of proteinase 3 at the plasma membrane after apoptosis decreased the rate of phagocytosis by macrophages: a new pro-inflammatory role of membrane proteinase 3 in CF neutrophils. J Cyst Fibros 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(06)80151-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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La mesure de la température en pratique pédiatrique quotidienne. Arch Pediatr 2005; 12:1292-300. [PMID: 15993044 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2005.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2004] [Accepted: 01/06/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of rectal mercury thermometer has long been the standard method for measurement of body temperature. The restriction of mercury use since 1996 has led to development of other devices. The liquid crystal strip thermometer held against the forehead has a low sensitivity. The single-use chemical thermometer measures oral temperature. Its accuracy must be evaluated. Infrared ear thermometers are routinely used because it is convenient and fast to use. However, numerous studies have shown that it does not show sufficient correlation with rectal temperature, leading to the risk to miss cases of true fever. Rectal temperature remains the gold standard in case of fever. Rectal temperature measurement with an electronic device is well correlated with the glass mercury standard. Galistan thermometer accuracy must be evaluated because of sterilization of the whole device, which is not the case for the electronic thermometer. A pediatric study is necessary to evaluate the performance of this device in comparison with the electronic thermometer.
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Primary cytomegalovirus infection, atypical Kawasaki disease, and coronary aneurysms in 2 infants. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 41:e53-6. [PMID: 16080076 DOI: 10.1086/432578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2005] [Accepted: 04/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe 2 infants who developed atypical Kawasaki disease and coronary aneurysms during primary cytomegalovirus infection. These observations suggest that children with coronary aneurysms and Kawasaki-like disease should be tested for cytomegalovirus. Conversely, children with unusually severe primary cytomegalovirus infection should be tested for coronary aneurysms.
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Abstract
Studying subjects heterozygous for mutations of the cystic fibrosis (CF) gene may help clarify the impact on disease onset of CF transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR-)-dependent chloride secretion. CFTR-mediated chloride transport was evaluated in 52 heterozygous subjects, 32 healthy control subjects, and 77 patients with CF with class I or II mutations. We measured the change in nasal potential difference in response to chloride-free isoproterenol solution for each subject and used a video-imaging fluorescent dye assay to assess the percentage of nasal ciliated cells with cAMP-dependent anion conductance. Our findings did not confirm the standard assumption that heterozygosity implies 50% of normal CFTR function. Half the heterozygous subjects had CFTR-mediated chloride transport levels below 50% of the normal range, and one-third had levels similar to those of the patients with CF. This reduced CFTR function was not associated with an elevated prevalence of CF-like symptoms in heterozygous subjects but was highly related to respiratory status in the patients with CF. These data suggest that CFTR-dependent chloride conductance does not directly modulate disease severity but may be part of a more global defect in patients with CF involving other CFTR functions or currently unknown modulatory factors.
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[Cystic fibrosis: chemical drugs to cure genetic diseases]. BULLETIN DE L'ACADEMIE NATIONALE DE MEDECINE 2005; 189:789-95; discussion 795-6. [PMID: 16433451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cystic Fibrosis is the most common lethal genetic disease among Caucasian population. Despite considerable efforts, no significant progress has been so far achieved by gene therapies approaches. On the basis of a surprising clinical observation, we have developed an approach using anti-cancer drugs promoting the over expression of ABC transporters closely related to the deficient protein CFTR, which seem able to share functions with it and to restore the missing function(s).
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A new mutation of the noggin gene in a French Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) family. GENETIC COUNSELING (GENEVA, SWITZERLAND) 2005; 16:149-54. [PMID: 16080294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A new mutation of the Noggin gene in a French Fybrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) family: Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a very rare disease characterized by congenital malformation of the great toes and progressive heterotopic ossification of the muscles. We previously located a FOP gene in the 17q21-22 region and described several mutations of the noggin (NOG) gene (located in 17q22) in four FOP patients, including the G91C mutation which is transmitted dominantly in a Spanish FOP family. We describe in the present study a new mutation of the NOG gene in a French FOP family. This new mutation is a guanine to adenine change at nucleotide 283 (283G --> A) of the NOG gene, and is transmitted in the family (in the heterozygote form) by the affected mother to her two affected children. At the peptide level this mutation (A95T) substitutes an Alanine residue by a Threonine at position 95 of the Noggin protein. The Alanine mutated residue is located just adjacent to the myristoylation site of the protein, where all the mutations we described until now are located.
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Abstract
Transepithelial nasal potential difference (NPD) measurements assess ion conductance in the upper respiratory epithelium. NPD is useful in assisting in the diagnosis of classical and atypical cystic fibrosis (CF) and of cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR)-related disorders, as well as for monitoring the effect of pharmacological agents and gene transfer approaches to correct the abnormalities of ion transport in CF. The article summarizes the objectives and the principle of NPD measurements, describes a hands-on protocol of the procedure and provides quality control measures, practical hints and troubleshooting.
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Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is considered as a rare disease in black Africans. In fact, this disease is likely to be underestimated since clinical features consistent with CF diagnosis are often ascribed to environmental factors such as malnutrition. Very little is known about CFTR mutations in affected patients from Central Africa. We report here four novel mutations, i.e., IVS2 + 28 (intron 2), 459T > A (exon 4), EX17a_EX18del (exons 17-18), and IVS22 + IG > A (intron 22), in such patients. An update of CFTR mutations reported in black patients from various ethnies is included. These data might be helpful for genetic counselling regarding CF in black patients.
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[Cystic fibrosis in home care services]. SOINS. PEDIATRIE, PUERICULTURE 2004:31-3. [PMID: 15327073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
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Abstract
We prospectively studied 298 patients with cystic fibrosis (mean age 11.3 years; range 2 months to 32 years; sex ratio, 0.47) for nontuberculous mycobacteria in respiratory samples from January 1, 1996, to December 31, 1999. Mycobacterium abscessus was by far the most prevalent nontuberculous mycobacterium: 15 patients (6 male, 9 female; mean age 11.9 years; range 2.5–22 years) had at least one positive sample for this microorganism (versus 6 patients positive for M. avium complex), including 10 with >3 positive samples (versus 3 patients for M. avium complex). The M. abscessus isolates from 14 patients were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis: each of the 14 patients harbored a unique strain, ruling out a common environmental reservoir or person-to-person transmission. Water samples collected in the cystic fibrosis center were negative for M. abscessus. This major mycobacterial pathogen in children and teenagers with cystic fibrosis does not appear to be acquired nosocomially.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The heart may be involved in children affected with sickle cell disease (SCD) via several mechanisms. Principally, chronic anaemia increases cardiac output and may cause left ventricular enlargement and cardiac insufficiency. AIMS To investigate whether the heart also suffers from ischaemia in SCD, as has already been shown for other organs (bone, brain, etc), and to look for risk factors predisposing to this complication. METHODS Twenty two children with SCD, and chest pain or ECG or echocardiographic signs (left ventricle dilation or hypokinesis) suggesting myocardial ischaemia were subjected to thallium-201 (201Tl) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). RESULTS Eight children had a normal SPECT, 14 an abnormal one. Myocardial perfusion defects were reversible in nine, fixed in five. Patients with perfusion defects tended to be older and have more severe disease. Five had had cardiac symptoms (episodes of cardiac failure in three, ventricular fibrillation in one, angina in one). Myocardial perfusion was reassessed after six months of hydroxyurea treatment in three patients, and was found to be improved. CONCLUSIONS Myocardial perfusion defects are present in children with SCD and may be demonstrated using SPECT. Hydroxyurea improved perfusion in three patients.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND A major consequence of malnutrition in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is the loss of lean body mass (LBM) and the subsequent impairment of respiratory muscle function. AIM To determine whether insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) could be related to the LBM depletion and the evolution of respiratory disease in CF patients. METHODS LBM was evaluated by dual energy x ray absorptiometry; serum concentrations of IGF-I were measured in 24 CF patients twice with a one year interval. Both values were expressed as SD score (SDS) calculated from normal data for age, sex, and pubertal stage and analysed with respect to anthropometric evaluation and disease related conditions. RESULTS At the initial evaluation, IGF-I SDS had a mean value of -0.98 (range -3.6 to 3.2) and correlated with weight for age index, LBM SDS, and lung disease related conditions. Multiple regression analysis showed that only LBM remained independently related to IGF-I, suggesting that the relation of IGF-I to LBM was independent of weight and that the correlation between IGF-I and the respiratory conditions was related to the level of LBM. IGF-I SDS at the first evaluation was lower for the patients who lost > or =5% of weight for age index or > or =1 SD of LBM between the two evaluations. CONCLUSION Low levels of IGF-I could be crucial for clinical outcome by impairing LBM and respiratory function. IGF-I could be a tool for nutritional evaluation by identifying the CF patients at risk of LBM depletion.
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Les mucorégulateurs dans les syndromes bronchiques aigus : point sur les pratiques en médecine générale et les données de la littérature. Therapie 2003; 58:519-24. [PMID: 15058496 DOI: 10.2515/therapie:2003084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotics have long been used in the initial treatment of acute bronchitis (AB) and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (AECB). However, their lack of value in AB has been clearly demonstrated and antibiotic therapy is justified in only a few cases of AECB. In parallel, although the value of mucoregulators in these diseases is still debated, their prescription remains important in general practice. In this context, our aim was to determine the prescribing behaviour of general practitioners (GPs) with regard to these drugs, as well as the beliefs of GPs concerning the place of mucoregulators in the treatment of AB in children and adult smokers, as well as in patients with non-obstructive AECB. A survey was carried out in 370 GPs, who were presented with three standardised and computerised medical cases: (i) rhinopharyngitis + AB in a child; (ii) AB in an adult smoker without a previous medical history; and (iii) a patient with non-obstructive AECB. The results showed that mucoregulators are frequently prescribed by GPs for children and adults with AB, or in AECB. This high prescribing rate is due to the belief of the GPs that these drugs are effective and well tolerated, which is confirmed by the literature. Their use avoids the frequent and unjustified prescription of antibiotics in situations where they are not recommended but where the patients request drug therapy.
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