1
|
de Ruiter QMB, Mauda-Havakuk MM, Starost MF, Bakhutashvili I, Esparza-Trujillo JA, Brown A, Natesan H, Kveen G, Lewis AL, Wood BJ, Pritchard WF, Karanian JW. Image-Guided Transbronchial Pulmonary Cryoablation with a Flexible Cryoprobe in Swine: Performance and Radiology-Pathology Correlation. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2024:S1051-0443(24)00268-9. [PMID: 38599280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2024.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the performance of a prototype flexible transbronchial cryoprobe compared with that of percutaneous transthoracic cryoablation and to define cone-beam computed tomography (CT) imaging and pathology cryolesion features in an in vivo swine model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Transbronchial cryoablation was performed with a prototype flexible cryoprobe (3 central and 3 peripheral lung ablations in 3 swine) and compared with transthoracic cryoablation performed with a commercially available rigid cryoprobe (2 peripheral lung ablations in 1 swine). Procedural time and cryoablation success rates for endobronchial navigation and cryoneedle deployment were measured. Intraoperative cone-beam CT imaging features of cryolesions were characterized and correlated with gross pathology and hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections of the explanted cryolesions. RESULTS The flexible cryoprobe was successfully navigated and delivered to each target through a steerable guiding sheath (6/6). At 4 minutes after ablation, 5 of 6 transbronchial and 2 of 2 transthoracic cryolesions were visible on cone-beam CT. The volumes on cone-beam CT images were 55.5 cm3 (SE ± 8.0) for central transbronchial ablations (n = 2), 72.5 cm3 (SE ± 8.1) for peripheral transbronchial ablations (n = 3), and 79.5 cm3 (SE ±11.6) for peripheral transthoracic ablations (n = 2). Pneumothorax developed in 1 animal after transbronchial ablation and during ablation in the transthoracic cryoablation. Images of cryoablation zones on cone-beam CT correlated well with the matched gross pathology and histopathology sections of the cryolesions. CONCLUSIONS Transbronchial cryoablation with a flexible cryoprobe, delivered through a steerable guiding sheath, is feasible. Transbronchial cryoablation zones are imageable with cone-beam CT, with gross pathology and histopathology similar to those of transthoracic cryoablation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quirina M B de Ruiter
- Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michal M Mauda-Havakuk
- Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Interventional Radiology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Matthew F Starost
- Division of Veterinary Resources, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ivane Bakhutashvili
- Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Juan A Esparza-Trujillo
- Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Andrew Brown
- Boston Scientific (formerly BTG), Arden Hills, Minnesota
| | | | - Graig Kveen
- Boston Scientific (formerly BTG), Arden Hills, Minnesota
| | - Andrew L Lewis
- Boston Scientific (formerly BTG), Arden Hills, Minnesota; Alchemed Bioscience Consulting Ltd, Farnham, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Bradford J Wood
- Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - William F Pritchard
- Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - John W Karanian
- Center for Interventional Oncology, Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ranjbartehrani P, Etheridge M, Ramadhyani S, Natesan H, Bischof J, Shao Q. Characterization of Miniature Probes for Cryosurgery, Thermal Ablation, and Irreversible Electroporation on Small Animals. Advanced Therapeutics 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Ranjbartehrani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Michael Etheridge
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | | | | | - John Bischof
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Qi Shao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kangas J, Zhan L, Liu Y, Natesan H, Khosla K, Bischof J. Ultra-Rapid Laser Calorimetry for the Assessment of Crystallization in Low-Concentration Cryoprotectants. J Heat Transfer 2022; 144:031207. [PMID: 35833150 PMCID: PMC8823201 DOI: 10.1115/1.4052568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cryoprotective agents (CPAs) are routinely used to vitrify, attain an amorphous glass state void of crystallization, and thereby cryopreserve biomaterials. Two vital characteristics of a CPA-loaded system are the critical cooling and warming rates (CCR and CWR), the temperature rates needed to achieve and return from a vitrified state, respectively. Due to the toxicity associated with CPAs, it is often desirable to use the lowest concentrations possible, driving up CWR and making it increasingly difficult to measure. This paper describes a novel method for assessing CWR between the 0.4 × 105 and 107 °C/min in microliter CPA-loaded droplet systems with a new ultrarapid laser calorimetric approach. Cooling was achieved by direct quenching in liquid nitrogen, while warming was achieved by the irradiation of plasmonic gold nanoparticle-loaded vitrified droplets by a high-power 1064 nm millisecond pulsed laser. We assume "apparent" vitrification is achieved provided ice is not visually apparent (i.e., opacity) upon imaging with a camera (CCR) during cooling or highspeed camera (CWR) during warming. Using this approach, we were able to investigate CWRs in single CPA systems such as propylene glycol (PG), glycerol, and Trehalose in water, as well as mixtures of glycerol-trehalose-water and propylene glycol-trehalose-water CPA at low concentrations (20-40 wt %). Further, a phenomenological model for determining the CCRs and CWRs of CPAs was developed which allowed for predictions of CCR or CWR of single component CPA and mixtures (within and outside of the regime their constituents were measured in), providing an avenue for optimizing CCR and CWR and perhaps future CPA cocktail discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kangas
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55408
| | - Li Zhan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55408
| | - Yilin Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55408
| | - Harishankar Natesan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55408
| | - Kanav Khosla
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55408
| | - John Bischof
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55408; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55408
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Treatment of atrial fibrillation by cryoablation of the pulmonary vein (PV) suffers from an inability to assess probe contact, tissue thickness, and freeze completion through the wall. Unfortunately, clinical imaging cannot be used for this purpose as these techniques have resolutions similar in scale (∼1 to 2 mm) to PV thickness and therefore are unable to resolve changes within the PV during treatment. Here, a microthermal sensor based on the "3ω" technique which has been used for thin biological systems is proposed as a potential solution and tested for a cryoablation scenario. First, the sensor was modified from a linear format to a serpentine format for integration onto a flexible balloon. Next, using numerical analyses, the ability of the modified sensor on a flat substrate was studied to differentiate measurements in limiting cases of ice, water, and fat. These numerical results were then complemented by experimentation by micropatterning the serpentine sensor onto a flat substrate and onto a flexible balloon. In both formats (flat and balloon), the serpentine sensor was experimentally shown to: (1) identify tissue contact versus fluid, (2) distinguish tissue thickness in the 0.5 to 2 mm range, and (3) measure the initiation and completion of freezing as previously reported for a linear sensor. This study demonstrates proof of principle that a serpentine 3ω sensor on a balloon can monitor tissue contact, thickness, and phase change which is relevant to cryo and other focal thermal treatments of PV to treat atrial fibrillation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harishankar Natesan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Limei Tian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - John A Rogers
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - John Bischof
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Phatak S, Natesan H, Choi J, Brockbank KG, Bischof JC. Measurement of Specific Heat and Crystallization in VS55, DP6, and M22 Cryoprotectant Systems With and Without Sucrose. Biopreserv Biobank 2018; 16:270-277. [DOI: 10.1089/bio.2018.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shaunak Phatak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Harishankar Natesan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jeunghwan Choi
- Department of Engineering, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Kelvin G.M. Brockbank
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, South Carolina
- Tissue Testing Technologies, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - John C. Bischof
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pelaez F, Manuchehrabadi N, Roy P, Natesan H, Wang Y, Racila E, Fong H, Zeng K, Silbaugh AM, Bischof JC, Azarin SM. Biomaterial scaffolds for non-invasive focal hyperthermia as a potential tool to ablate metastatic cancer cells. Biomaterials 2018; 166:27-37. [PMID: 29533788 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Currently, there are very few therapeutic options for treatment of metastatic disease, as it often remains undetected until the burden of disease is too high. Microporous poly(ε-caprolactone) biomaterials have been shown to attract metastasizing breast cancer cells in vivo early in tumor progression. In order to enhance the therapeutic potential of these scaffolds, they were modified such that infiltrating cells could be eliminated with non-invasive focal hyperthermia. Metal disks were incorporated into poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds to generate heat through electromagnetic induction by an oscillating magnetic field within a radiofrequency coil. Heat generation was modulated by varying the size of the metal disk, the strength of the magnetic field (at a fixed frequency), or the type of metal. When implanted subcutaneously in mice, the modified scaffolds were biocompatible and became properly integrated with the host tissue. Optimal parameters for in vivo heating were identified through a combination of computational modeling and ex vivo characterization to both predict and verify heat transfer dynamics and cell death kinetics during inductive heating. In vivo inductive heating of implanted, tissue-laden composite scaffolds led to tissue necrosis as seen by histological analysis. The ability to thermally ablate captured cells non-invasively using biomaterial scaffolds has the potential to extend the application of focal thermal therapies to disseminated cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Pelaez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Navid Manuchehrabadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Priyatanu Roy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Harishankar Natesan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Yiru Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Emilian Racila
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Heather Fong
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Kevin Zeng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Abby M Silbaugh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - John C Bischof
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Samira M Azarin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Bioheat transfer-based innovations in health care include applications such as focal treatments for cancer and cardiovascular disease and the preservation of tissues and organs for transplantation. In these applications, the ability to preserve or destroy a biomaterial is directly dependent on its temperature history. Thus, thermal measurement and modeling are necessary to either avoid or induce the injury required. In this review paper, we will first define and discuss thermal conductivity and calorimetric measurements of biomaterials in the cryogenic (<-40 °C), subzero (<0 °C), hypothermic (<37 °C), and hyperthermic (>37 °C) regimes. For thermal conductivity measurements, we review the use of 3ω and laser flash techniques for measurement of thermal conductivity in thin (1 μm-2 mm thick), anisotropic, and/or multilayered tissues. At the nanoscale, we review the use of pump-probe and scanning probe methods to measure thermal conductivity at short temporal scales (10 ps-100 ns) and spatial scales (1 nm-1 μm), particularly in the coating and surrounding medium around metallic nanoparticles (1 nm-20 nm). For calorimetric techniques, we review differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), which is intrinsically at the microscale (e.g., tissue pieces or millions of cells in media). DSC is used with large sample mass (∼3-100 mg) over wide temperature ranges (-180 to 750 °C) with low-temperature scanning rates (<750 °C/min). The need to assess smaller samples at higher rates has led to the development of nanocalorimetry on a silicon based membrane. Here the sample weight is as low as 10 ng, thereby allowing ultra-rapid heating rates (∼1 × 107 C/min). Finally, we discuss various opportunities that are driving the need for new micro- and nanoscale thermal measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harishankar Natesan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - John C Bischof
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lubner SD, Choi J, Wehmeyer G, Waag B, Mishra V, Natesan H, Bischof JC, Dames C. Reusable bi-directional 3ω sensor to measure thermal conductivity of 100-μm thick biological tissues. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:014905. [PMID: 25638111 DOI: 10.1063/1.4905680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Accurate knowledge of the thermal conductivity (k) of biological tissues is important for cryopreservation, thermal ablation, and cryosurgery. Here, we adapt the 3ω method-widely used for rigid, inorganic solids-as a reusable sensor to measure k of soft biological samples two orders of magnitude thinner than conventional tissue characterization methods. Analytical and numerical studies quantify the error of the commonly used "boundary mismatch approximation" of the bi-directional 3ω geometry, confirm that the generalized slope method is exact in the low-frequency limit, and bound its error for finite frequencies. The bi-directional 3ω measurement device is validated using control experiments to within ±2% (liquid water, standard deviation) and ±5% (ice). Measurements of mouse liver cover a temperature ranging from -69 °C to +33 °C. The liver results are independent of sample thicknesses from 3 mm down to 100 μm and agree with available literature for non-mouse liver to within the measurement scatter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean D Lubner
- Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Jeunghwan Choi
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Geoff Wehmeyer
- Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Bastian Waag
- Mechanical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Vivek Mishra
- Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Harishankar Natesan
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - John C Bischof
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Chris Dames
- Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Choi J, Lubner SD, Natesan H, Hasegawa Y, Fong A, Dames C, Bischof JC. Thermal Conductivity Measurements of Thin Biological Tissues Using a Microfabricated 3-Omega Sensor. J Med Device 2013. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4024322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeunghwan Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota
| | - Sean D. Lubner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley
| | | | - Yasuhiro Hasegawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Japan
| | - Anthony Fong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside
| | - Chris Dames
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley
| | - John C. Bischof
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|