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Atypical vascular lesions cleared with Mohs micrographic surgery. JAAD Case Rep 2024; 44:41-43. [PMID: 38292578 PMCID: PMC10824695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2023.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
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2
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Idiopathic lobular panniculitis of pregnancy with resolution following delivery. JAAD Case Rep 2023; 40:126-128. [PMID: 37771353 PMCID: PMC10522936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2023.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
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3
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Excimer laser treatment for morphea-lichen sclerosus et atrophicus overlap in a pediatric patient. JAAD Case Rep 2022; 32:96-98. [PMID: 36698372 PMCID: PMC9867949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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4
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Cutaneous hydrophilic polymer emboli following endovascular repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm: a case and review of literature. Dermatol Online J 2022; 28. [DOI: 10.5070/d328257402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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5
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Withdrawal notice to Eruption of plaques, hemorrhagic bullae and vesicles. JAAD Case Rep 2022; 23:99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2022.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Eruption of plaques, hemorrhagic bullae and vesicles. JAAD Case Rep 2021; 14:130-131. [PMID: 34466641 PMCID: PMC8385238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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8
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BRAF inhibitor and hairy cell leukemia-related transient acantholytic dermatosis. Dermatol Online J 2020; 26:13030/qt3ps33564. [PMID: 32239892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Grover disease (GD) is an acquired, nonfamilial, nonimmune mediated, transient or persistent acantholytic dermatosis. Herein, we present a 72-year-old man who had clinical and histopathologic findings of GD following two weeks of treatment with vemurafenib without MEK inhibitor. The patient was successfully treated with topical emollients and a high-potency corticosteroid. Meanwhile, vemurafenib was temporarily discontinued. Drug-induced GD has increasingly been reported in patients on BRAF inhibitor monotherapy as an immune-related adverse event. The cutaneous side effects seem to arise secondary to a paradoxical activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling of BRAF inhibitor treatment, leading to keratinocyte proliferation. Although the pathogenesis of GD has not been delineated, there is suggestion of activation of T lymphocytes, particularly helper cells under the action of pro-inflammatory cytokines, resulting in proliferation of keratinocytes. Combination therapy with a MEK inhibitor appears to prevent BRAF-induced GD. Given that there is a higher prevalence of GD in patients with hematologic malignancy, a direct causal relationship between the initiation of vemurafenib therapy and development of GD in this case may be difficult to establish.
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9
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BRAF inhibitor and hairy cell leukemia-related transient acantholytic dermatosis. Dermatol Online J 2020. [DOI: 10.5070/d3262047420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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10
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Congenital juvenile xanthogranuloma with ulceration: a pediatric case report. Dermatol Online J 2017; 23:13030/qt0fq8b88d. [PMID: 29469704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is an uncommon diagnosis and even more rarely presents with ulceration. We report such a case in a two-week-old girl. Biopsy was performed to rule out any concerning entities. Adequate treatment was provided with topical petrolatum and occasional miconozole or zinc oxide; the mass spontaneously regressed. Because congenital JXG has an excellent prognosis, insight into unique presentations such as this may provide useful information and avoid unnecessary surgical interventions.
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11
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Congenital juvenile xanthogranuloma with ulceration: a pediatric case report. Dermatol Online J 2017. [DOI: 10.5070/d3237035750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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12
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The immune microenvironment of breast ductal carcinoma in situ. Mod Pathol 2016; 29:249-58. [PMID: 26769139 PMCID: PMC5484584 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2015.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The host immune response has a key role in breast cancer progression and response to therapy. However, relative to primary invasive breast cancers, the immune milieu of breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is less understood. Here, we profile tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and expression of the immune checkpoint ligand programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in 27 cases of DCIS with known estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER-2) expression using tissue microarrays. Twenty-four cases were pure DCIS and three had associated invasive ductal carcinoma. Tumors were stained by immunohistochemistry for PD-L1, as well as the lymphocyte markers CD3, CD4, CD8, FoxP3, and CD20. The expression of PD-L1 by DCIS carcinoma cells and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes was determined, and the average tumor infiltrating lymphocytes per high power field were manually scored. None of the DCIS cells expressed PD-L1, but 81% of DCIS lesions contained PD-L1+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. DCIS with moderate-diffuse tumor infiltrating lymphocytes was more likely to have PD-L1+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (P=0.004). Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes with high levels of PD-L1 expression (>50% cells) were seen only in triple-negative DCIS (P=0.0008), and PD-L1-tumor infiltrating lymphocytes were seen only in ER+/HER-2-DCIS (P=0.12). The presence of PD-L1+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes was associated with a younger mean patient age (P=0.01). Further characterization of the DCIS immune microenvironment may identify useful targets for immune-based therapy and breast cancer prevention.
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Abstract
This article presents an overview of soft tissue tumors that have a plexiform histomorphology. The more commonly encountered entities, including plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor, cellular neurothekeoma, dermal nerve sheath myxoma, plexiform schwannoma, and plexiform neurofibroma, are discussed in detail, and other tumors are noted. Information on clinical features, microscopic findings, ancillary studies, differential diagnosis, and prognosis is provided for each entity.
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15
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Superficial fibrin thrombi … and other findings: a review of the histopathology of human scabietic infections. J Cutan Pathol 2015; 42:346-52. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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A case of a giant sarcomatoid basal cell carcinoma with heterologous osteosarcomatous elements. J Cutan Pathol 2014; 41:550-1. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.12308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Clinicopathologic features of ductal carcinoma in situ in young women with an emphasis on molecular subtype. Hum Pathol 2013; 44:2487-93. [PMID: 24029706 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Young women with ductal carcinoma in situ treated by breast-conserving therapy have a higher recurrence rate than do older women, and a younger age at diagnosis is associated with worse overall survival after recurrence. This study explores the clinical, pathologic, and immunohistochemical characteristics of ductal carcinoma in situ lesions diagnosed in women 40 years and younger with a focus on molecular subtypes to elucidate features that may contribute to the purported worse outcome for this patient population. Forty-one patients diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ at age 40 years and younger were identified over a 10-year period; 31 cases were used to construct tissue microarrays. The microarrays were labeled with antibodies to estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2, Ki-67, CK5/6, epidermal growth factor receptor, and p53 and subsequently classified as luminal A, luminal B, HER2, basal-like, or unclassifiable triple negative. All patients had high-grade (73.2%) or intermediate-grade (26.8%) ductal carcinoma in situ. The molecular subtype breakdown was 61.3% luminal A, 22.6% luminal B, 13% HER2, and 3.1% unclassifiable triple negative. The mean Ki-67 by subtype was 4.2%, 14%, 9.5%, and 50%, respectively. Mastectomy was performed in 33 patients (80%). Eight patients (20%) underwent excisional biopsy without subsequent mastectomy. In addition to a predominance of high-grade lesions, young patients had a high proportion of luminal B subtype, which may contribute to an increased rate of local recurrence in this population. A larger series is necessary to confirm the impact that the molecular subtypes of ductal carcinoma in situ in younger patients might have on outcome.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/surgery
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/surgery
- Demography
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
- Prognosis
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
- Tissue Array Analysis
- Young Adult
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Neural crest transcription factor Sox10 is preferentially expressed in triple-negative and metaplastic breast carcinomas. Hum Pathol 2013; 44:959-65. [PMID: 23260325 PMCID: PMC3978178 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2012.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor Sox10 mediates the differentiation of neural crest-derived cells, and Sox10 labeling by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is used clinically primarily to support the diagnosis of melanoma. Sox10 expression by IHC has been previously documented in benign breast myoepithelial cells but not in breast carcinomas. Here, we report the first systematic study of Sox10 expression in invasive ductal carcinomas subclassified by IHC-defined molecular subtype (100 cases), as well as in 24 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ and 44 mammary fibroepithelial neoplasms. Tissue microarrays containing 168 primary breast tumors were subjected to IHC for Sox10. The extent of nuclear Sox10 labeling was scored by percentage labeling as follows: 0 (0%), 1+ (1%-25%), 2+ (25%-50%), 3+ (50%-75%), and 4+ (>75%). Overall, 40 (40%) of 100 invasive breast carcinomas demonstrated Sox10 immunoreactivity, which was seen primarily in the basal-like, unclassified triple-negative, and metaplastic carcinomas. Sox10 labeling was seen in 66% (38/58) of the basal-like, unclassified triple-negative, and metaplastic carcinomas as compared with 5% (2/42) of the luminal A, luminal B, and Her-2 carcinomas (P < .00001). Sox10 labeling was seen in 1 (4%) of 24 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ, which was negative for estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor. No labeling was seen in the stromal component of phyllodes tumors or fibroadenomas. These findings show that breast carcinoma must be considered in the differential diagnosis of melanoma for an S100-positive, Sox10-positive metastatic malignant neoplasm. Sox10 expression in the basal-like, unclassified triple-negative, and metaplastic carcinomas types supports the concept that these neoplasms show myoepithelial differentiation.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology
- Female
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Neoplasms, Fibroepithelial/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Fibroepithelial/pathology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/analysis
- Receptor, ErbB-2/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Estrogen/analysis
- Receptors, Estrogen/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Progesterone/analysis
- Receptors, Progesterone/biosynthesis
- SOXE Transcription Factors/analysis
- SOXE Transcription Factors/biosynthesis
- Tissue Array Analysis
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Immunohistochemical analysis of SMARCB1/INI-1 expression in collecting duct carcinoma. Urology 2011; 78:474.e1-5. [PMID: 21705046 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Revised: 03/23/2011] [Accepted: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Collecting duct carcinoma (CDC) is a rare and aggressive renal tumor with a tendency to involve the renal sinus. CDC displays variable morphologic features that can overlap with those of renal medullary carcinoma. The loss of SMARCB1/INI1 tumor suppressor gene, initially found in pediatric malignant rhabdoid tumors of the central nervous system, kidneys, and soft tissues, was also recently described in renal medullary carcinoma. The current immunohistochemical study assessed SMARCB1/INI1 expression in a series of CDCs. METHODS A total of 20 archival cases of CDC were used to construct a tissue microarray. Each tumor was spotted 3-7 times; benign tissue from the same specimen was also included when available. The immunoexpression of SMARCB1/INI1 was evaluated using BAF47, a monoclonal mouse antibody directed against the SMARCB1/INI1 gene product. Nuclear staining was considered as indicative of SMARCB1/INI1 expression. RESULTS The complete loss of SMARCB1/INI1 expression was observed in 3 of 20 cases of CDC. Another 3 cases revealed focal and weak intensity staining. The remaining tumors showed multifocal or diffuse SMARCB1/INI1 expression with variable staining intensity. No significant differences were found in the clinicopathologic and outcome features regarding SMARCB1/INI1 status. CONCLUSIONS The complete loss of SMARCB1/INI1 immunoexpression was found in 15% of CDC. No differences were found between the SMARCB1/INI1 positive and negative cases regarding the clinicopathologic and outcome features. Our results suggest that some CDC cases might be associated with genetic alterations involving the SMARCB1/INI1 gene. In addition, SMARCB1/INI1 immunoexpression seems to be of limited value in the differential diagnosis of CDC versus renal medullary carcinoma, although these results require additional validation.
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Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of myxoid liposarcoma metastatic to the liver: Cytomorphologic and cytogenetic features. Diagn Cytopathol 2007; 35:734-7. [DOI: 10.1002/dc.20743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Abstract
The phylogenetic relationships among the chlorophyte Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the chrysophyte Ochromonas danica, and the oomycete Achyla bisexualis were explored by comparing the sequences of their small-subunit ribosomal RNA coding regions. Comparisons of similarity values or inspection of phylogenetic trees constructed by distance matrix methods reveal a very close relationship between oomycetes and chrysophytes. The separation of chrysophytes from chlorophytes is comparable to that of plants from animals, and both separations are far antedated by the divergence of a number of other protist groups.
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22
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Irish cardiac society. Ir J Med Sci 1984. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02937158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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