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Kim D, Jeong H, Pyo G, Heo SJ, Baik S, Kim S, Choi HS, Kwon HJ, Jang JE. Low-Temperature Nanosecond Laser Process of HZO-IGZO FeFETs toward Monolithic 3D System on Chip Integration. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2401250. [PMID: 38741378 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs) are increasingly important for in-memory computing and monolithic 3D (M3D) integration in system-on-chip (SoC) applications. However, the high-temperature processing required by most ferroelectric memories can lead to thermal damage to the underlying device layers, which poses significant physical limitations for 3D integration processes. To solve this problem, the study proposes using a nanosecond pulsed laser for selective annealing of hafnia-based FeFETs, enabling precise control of heat penetration depth within thin films. Sufficient thermal energy is delivered to the IGZO oxide channel and HZO ferroelectric gate oxide without causing thermal damage to the bottom layer, which has a low transition temperature (<250 °C). Using optimized laser conditions, a fast response time (<1 µs) and excellent stability (cycle > 106, retention > 106 s) are achieved in the ferroelectric HZO film. The resulting FeFET exhibited a wide memory window (>1.7 V) with a high on/off ratio (>105). In addition, moderate ferroelectric properties (2·Pr of 14.7 µC cm-2) and pattern recognition rate-based linearity (potentiation: 1.13, depression: 1.6) are obtained. These results demonstrate compatibility in HZO FeFETs by specific laser annealing control and thin-film layer design for various structures (3D integrated, flexible) with neuromorphic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsu Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Heejae Jeong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Goeun Pyo
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Su Jin Heo
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea
- Department of Engineering, Institute for Manufacturing, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - Seunghun Baik
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Seonhyoung Kim
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Hong Soo Choi
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Jae Eun Jang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea
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Song CM, Kim D, Lee S, Kwon HJ. Ferroelectric 2D SnS 2 Analog Synaptic FET. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2308588. [PMID: 38375965 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the development and characterization of 2D ferroelectric field-effect transistor (2D FeFET) devices are presented, utilizing nanoscale ferroelectric HfZrO2 (HZO) and 2D semiconductors. The fabricated device demonstrated multi-level data storage capabilities. It successfully emulated essential biological characteristics, including excitatory/inhibitory postsynaptic currents (EPSC/IPSC), Pair-Pulse Facilitation (PPF), and Spike-Timing Dependent Plasticity (STDP). Extensive endurance tests ensured robust stability (107 switching cycles, 105 s (extrapolated to 10 years)), excellent linearity, and high Gmax/Gmin ratio (>105), all of which are essential for realizing multi-level data states (>7-bit operation). Beyond mimicking synaptic functionalities, the device achieved a pattern recognition accuracy of ≈94% on the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology (MNIST) handwritten dataset when incorporated into a neural network, demonstrating its potential as an effective component in neuromorphic systems. The successful implementation of the 2D FeFET device paves the way for the development of high-efficiency, ultralow-power neuromorphic hardware which is in sub-femtojoule (48 aJ/spike) and fast response (1 µs), which is 104 folds faster than human synapse (≈10 ms). The results of the research underline the potential of nanoscale ferroelectric and 2D materials in building the next generation of artificial intelligence technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Myeong Song
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Dongha Kim
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Shinbuhm Lee
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea
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Lim H, Kwon H, Kang H, Jang JE, Kwon HJ. Laser-Induced and MOF-Derived Metal Oxide/Carbon Composite for Synergistically Improved Ethanol Sensing at Room temperature. Nanomicro Lett 2024; 16:113. [PMID: 38334829 PMCID: PMC10858016 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01332-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Advancements in sensor technology have significantly enhanced atmospheric monitoring. Notably, metal oxide and carbon (MOx/C) hybrids have gained attention for their exceptional sensitivity and room-temperature sensing performance. However, previous methods of synthesizing MOx/C composites suffer from problems, including inhomogeneity, aggregation, and challenges in micropatterning. Herein, we introduce a refined method that employs a metal-organic framework (MOF) as a precursor combined with direct laser writing. The inherent structure of MOFs ensures a uniform distribution of metal ions and organic linkers, yielding homogeneous MOx/C structures. The laser processing facilitates precise micropatterning (< 2 μm, comparable to typical photolithography) of the MOx/C crystals. The optimized MOF-derived MOx/C sensor rapidly detected ethanol gas even at room temperature (105 and 18 s for response and recovery, respectively), with a broad range of sensing performance from 170 to 3,400 ppm and a high response value of up to 3,500%. Additionally, this sensor exhibited enhanced stability and thermal resilience compared to previous MOF-based counterparts. This research opens up promising avenues for practical applications in MOF-derived sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongtae Lim
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
- Convergence Research Advanced Centre for Olfaction, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Hyeokjin Kwon
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
- Convergence Research Advanced Centre for Olfaction, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Hongki Kang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Jae Eun Jang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea.
- Convergence Research Advanced Centre for Olfaction, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea.
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Moon HS, Choi CH, Jung M, Yoo JH, Kwon HJ, Hong YT, Kim SH. Small Intercondylar Notch Size Is Not Associated with Poor Surgical Outcomes of Anatomical Single-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructions. Clin Orthop Surg 2024; 16:73-85. [PMID: 38304206 PMCID: PMC10825255 DOI: 10.4055/cios23081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although many studies have been conducted on the association between the intercondylar notch size and the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, few studies have examined its relationship with the condition after surgical treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the surgical outcomes of anatomical single-bundle ACL reconstruction according to intercondylar notch volumes. Methods Medical records of patients who underwent anatomical single-bundle ACL reconstruction using a tibialis anterior allograft between 2015 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. For each sex, eligible patients were classified into two groups based on their percentile of intercondylar notch volumes, which were measured using postoperative three-dimensional computed tomography images (group S, ≤ 50th percentile of included patients; group L, > 50th percentile of included patients). Additional grouping was performed based on the group's percentiles of normalized values of intercondylar notch volumes to body heights. Between-group comparative analyses were performed on the perioperative data and surgical outcomes in both objective and subjective aspects. Results One hundred patients were included in the study. For male patients, there were no differences in the overall surgical outcomes between groups, whereas group L showed a significantly greater knee anteroposterior (AP) laxity than group S at the final follow-up (p = 0.042 for the side-to-side differences [SSD] at the maximum manual force). Similarly, there were no differences in the female patients in the overall surgical results between the groups, whereas group L showed a significantly greater knee AP laxity at the final follow-up (p = 0.020 for the SSD at 134 N; p = 0.011 for the SSD at the maximum manual force). Additional analyses based on the normalized values of the intercondylar notch volume showed consistent results for male patients, and additional grouping for female patients was identical to the existing grouping. Conclusions The surgical outcomes of anatomical single-bundle ACL reconstruction in patients with relatively small intercondylar notch volumes were comparable to those with large notch volumes, but rather showed favorable outcomes in postoperative knee AP laxity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Soo Moon
- Arthroscopy and Joint Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Chong-Hyuk Choi
- Arthroscopy and Joint Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Jung
- Arthroscopy and Joint Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je-Hyun Yoo
- Arthroscopy and Joint Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Arthroscopy and Joint Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Taek Hong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Kim
- Arthroscopy and Joint Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kwon HJ, Jang J, Koh WG, Lee JY, Hwang K. Ductile Effect of PGA/PCL Blending Plastics Using a Novel Ionic Chain Extender with Non-Covalent Bonds. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3025. [PMID: 37514415 PMCID: PMC10385193 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyglycolic acid (PGA) is a promising polymer in the packaging field owing to its excellent hydrolysis, heat resistance, and gas barrier properties, but it is limited in application due to its poor toughness. For this reason, a covalently bonded chain extender is introduced to increase compatibility with flexible polymers. However, covalent bonds are unfavorable for application to degradable plastics because of the energy required for reverse reactions. Therefore, we intended to effectively control the ductility of blending plastics by using a novel ionic chain extender with a relatively weaker non-covalent bond than the existing covalent bond. Polycaprolactone (PCL), which has biodegradability and flexibility, was selected as a blending polymer. For comparison, a covalently reactive chain extender (G-CE) and a non-covalently ionic chain extender (D-CE) were synthesized and compounded with blending plastics. Each chain extender improved the compatibility between PGA and PCL, and the ductility of the PGA/PCL blending plastics was more greatly enhanced with non-covalently bonded D-CE than with covalently bonded G-CE. At this time, the ductility of the PGA/PCL(90/10) blending plastic without CE was 7.2%, the ductility of blending plastic with D-CE (10D) was 26.6%, and the ductility of blending plastic with G-CE (10G) was 18.6%. Therefore, it was confirmed that the novel ionic chain extender inducing non-covalent bonds improves the compatibility between PGA and PCL and is more advantageous in enhancing ductility through a reversible reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph Jang
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Gun Koh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiseob Hwang
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan 31056, Republic of Korea
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Lim H, Kwon H, Kang H, Jang JE, Kwon HJ. Semiconducting MOFs on ultraviolet laser-induced graphene with a hierarchical pore architecture for NO 2 monitoring. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3114. [PMID: 37253737 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38918-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to rapid urbanization worldwide, monitoring the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), which causes cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, has attracted considerable attention. Developing real-time sensors to detect parts-per-billion (ppb)-level NO2 remains challenging due to limited sensitivity, response, and recovery characteristics. Herein, we report a hybrid structure of Cu3HHTP2, 2D semiconducting metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and laser-induced graphene (LIG) for high-performance NO2 sensing. The unique hierarchical pore architecture of LIG@Cu3HHTP2 promotes mass transport of gas molecules and takes full advantage of the large surface area and porosity of MOFs, enabling highly rapid and sensitive responses to NO2. Consequently, LIG@Cu3HHTP2 shows one of the fastest responses and lowest limit of detection at room temperature compared with state-of-the-art NO2 sensors. Additionally, by employing LIG as a growth platform, flexibility and patterning strategies are achieved, which are the main challenges for MOF-based electronic devices. These results provide key insight into applying MOFtronics as high-performance healthcare devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongtae Lim
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
- Convergence Research Advanced Centre for Olfaction, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Hyeokjin Kwon
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
- Convergence Research Advanced Centre for Olfaction, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Hongki Kang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Jae Eun Jang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea.
- Convergence Research Advanced Centre for Olfaction, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, South Korea.
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Kim D, Hong N, Hong W, Lee J, Bissannagari M, Cho Y, Kwon HJ, Jang JE, Kang H. Inkjet-Printed Polyelectrolyte Seed Layer-Based, Customizable, Transparent, Ultrathin Gold Electrodes and Facile Implementation of Photothermal Effect. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:20508-20519. [PMID: 37039810 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Recently, interest in transparent electrodes has been increasing in biomedical engineering applications for such as electro-optical hybrid neuro-technologies. However, conventional photolithography-based electrode fabrication methods have limited design customization and large-area applicability. For biomedical engineering applications, it is crucial that we can easily customize the electrode design for different patients over a large body area. In this paper, we propose a novel method to fabricate customization-friendly, transparent, ultrathin, gold microelectrodes using inkjet printing technology. Unlike with typical direct printing of conductive inks, we inkjet-printed a polymer nucleation-inducing seed layer, followed by mask-less vacuum deposition of ultrathin gold (<6 nm) to produce selectively, high-transparency electrodes in the predefined shapes of the inkjet-printed polymer. Owing to the design flexibility of inkjet printing, the transparent ultrathin gold electrodes can be highly efficient in design customization over a large area. Simultaneously, a layer of nonconductive gold islands is formed in the nonprinted region, and this nanostructured layer can implement a photothermal effect that offers versatility for novel biomedical applications. As a demonstration of the effectiveness of these transparent electrodes, and the facile implementation of the photothermal effect for biomedical applications, we successfully fabricated transparent resistive temperature detectors. We used these to directly sense the photothermal effect and to demonstrate their bioimaging capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duhee Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Nari Hong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
- Information and Communication Engineering Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Woongki Hong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhee Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Murali Bissannagari
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
- Information and Communication Engineering Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjae Cho
- Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Eun Jang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongki Kang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
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Moon HS, Choi CH, Kim S, Yoo JH, Jung M, Kwon HJ, Hong YJ, Kim SH. Outpatient-based diagnostic criteria for partial ACL injury: clinical outcomes of non-operative treatment and radiographic predictor. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2023; 143:2027-2036. [PMID: 35552802 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-022-04467-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to (1) evaluate the short-term clinical outcomes of patients who underwent non-operative treatment for partial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears diagnosed using the outpatient-based diagnostic criteria and (2) investigate the radiographic predictors distinguishing patients at risk of non-operative treatment failure. METHODS From 2010 to 2019, patients diagnosed with partial ACL tears and treated with non-operative treatment were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were then classified into two groups: those who successfully responded to non-operative treatment (group S) and those who failed to respond to non-operative treatment and required surgical reconstruction within 6 months after injury (group F). ACL laxity, patient-reported outcomes (PROs), and several radiographic parameters were analyzed. To identify radiographic predictors related to clinical outcomes, radiographic parameters were compared between the groups, which were statistically matched for potential confounders (age and activity level) using inverse probability of treatment weighting. RESULTS A total of 44 patients were analyzed (mean age, 28.7 ± 8.7 years; 31 men), and classified into two groups (group S, 23 patients; group F, 21 patients). There were no significant differences in ACL laxity and PROs between the groups at 1 year after either non-operative treatment or surgical reconstruction. A comparison of radiographic parameters between the groups revealed significant differences in several parameters related to secondary signs of ACL injury. Subsequent regression analyses revealed that anterior tibial translation and extent of bone bruises were radiographic predictors related to clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION Non-operative treatment for partial ACL tears diagnosed using the outpatient-based diagnostic criteria can provide successful short-term clinical outcomes in selective patients. Secondary signs of ACL injuries, particularly the amount of anterior tibial translation and the extent of bone bruises, are radiographic predictors that could differentiate patients at risk of non-operative treatment failure. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Retrospective cohort study, III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Soo Moon
- Arthroscopy and Joint Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong-Hyuk Choi
- Arthroscopy and Joint Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Hyun Yoo
- Arthroscopy and Joint Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung
- Arthroscopy and Joint Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Arthroscopy and Joint Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jae Hong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Kim
- Arthroscopy and Joint Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Ashmath S, Kwon HJ, Peera SG, Lee TG. Solid-State Synthesis of Cobalt/NCS Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Dual Chamber Microbial Fuel Cells. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:4369. [PMID: 36558222 PMCID: PMC9788303 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high cost of presently utilized Pt/C catalysts, a quick and sustainable synthesis of electrocatalysts made of cost-effective and earth-abundant metals is urgently needed. In this work, we demonstrated a mechanochemically synthesized cobalt nanoparticles supported on N and S doped carbons derived from a solid-state-reaction between zinc acetate and 2-amino thiazole as metal, organic ligand in presence of cobalt (Co) metal ions ZnxCox(C3H4N2S). Pyrolysis of the ZnxCox(C3H4N2S) produced, Co/NSC catalyst in which Co nanoparticles are evenly distributed on the nitrogen and sulfur doped carbon support. The Co/NSC catalyst have been characterized with various physical and electrochemical characterization techniques. The Co content in the ZnxCox(C3H4N2S) is carefully adjusted by varying the Co content and the optimized Co/NSC-3 catalyst is subjected to the oxygen reduction reaction in 0.1 M HClO4 electrolyte. The optimized Co/NSC-3 catalyst reveals acceptable ORR activity with the half-wave potential of ~0.63 V vs. RHE in acidic electrolytes. In addition, the Co/NSC-3 catalyst showed excellent stability with no loss in the ORR activity after 10,000 potential cycles. When applied as cathode catalysts in dual chamber microbial fuel cells, the Co/NCS catalyst delivered satisfactory volumetric power density in comparison with Pt/C.
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Kim J, Ko K, Kwon H, Suh J, Kwon HJ, Yoo JH. Channel Scaling Dependent Photoresponse of Copper-Based Flexible Photodetectors Fabricated Using Laser-Induced Oxidation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:6977-6984. [PMID: 35080847 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) oxide compounds (CuxO), which include cupric (CuO) and cuprous (Cu2O) oxide, have been recognized as a promising p-channel material with useful photovoltaic properties and superior thermal conductivity. Typically, deposition methods or thermal oxidation can be used to obtain CuxO. However, these processes are difficult to apply to flexible substrates because plastics have a comparatively low glass transition temperature. Also, additional patterning steps are needed to fabricate applications. In this work, we fabricated a metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector using laser-induced oxidation of thin Cu films under ambient conditions. Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy were used to study the composition and morphology of our devices. Moreover, the photoresponse of this device is reported herein. We performed an in-depth analysis of the relationship between the channel size and number of carriers using scanning photocurrent microscopy. The carrier transport behaviors were identified; the photocurrent decreased as the length and width of the channel increased. Furthermore, we verified the suitability of the device as a flexible photodetector using a variety of bending tests. Our in-depth analysis of this Cu-based flexible photodetector could play an important role in understanding the mechanisms of other flexible photovoltaic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junil Kim
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu 42988, South Korea
| | - Kyungmin Ko
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Hyeokjin Kwon
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu 42988, South Korea
- Convergence Research Advanced Centre for Olfaction, DGIST, Daegu 42988, South Korea
| | - Joonki Suh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
- Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu 42988, South Korea
- Convergence Research Advanced Centre for Olfaction, DGIST, Daegu 42988, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuck Yoo
- Physical and Life Sciences and NIF and Photon Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
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11
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Mitchell D, Kwon HJ, Kubica PA, Huff WX, O’Regan R, Dey M. Brain metastases: An update on the multi-disciplinary approach of clinical management. Neurochirurgie 2022; 68:69-85. [PMID: 33864773 PMCID: PMC8514593 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Brain metastasis (BM) is the most common malignant intracranial neoplasm in adults with over 100,000 new cases annually in the United States and outnumbering primary brain tumors 10:1. OBSERVATIONS The incidence of BM in adult cancer patients ranges from 10-40%, and is increasing with improved surveillance, effective systemic therapy, and an aging population. The overall prognosis of cancer patients is largely dependent on the presence or absence of brain metastasis, and therefore, a timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for improving long-term outcomes, especially in the current era of significantly improved systemic therapy for many common cancers. BM should be suspected in any cancer patient who develops new neurological deficits or behavioral abnormalities. Gadolinium enhanced MRI is the preferred imaging technique and BM must be distinguished from other pathologies. Large, symptomatic lesion(s) in patients with good functional status are best treated with surgery and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Due to neurocognitive side effects and improved overall survival of cancer patients, whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is reserved as salvage therapy for patients with multiple lesions or as palliation. Newer approaches including multi-lesion stereotactic surgery, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy are also being investigated to improve outcomes while preserving quality of life. CONCLUSION With the significant advancements in the systemic treatment for cancer patients, addressing BM effectively is critical for overall survival. In addition to patient's performance status, therapeutic approach should be based on the type of primary tumor and associated molecular profile as well as the size, number, and location of metastatic lesion(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- D Mitchell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - HJ Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - PA Kubica
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - WX Huff
- Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - R O’Regan
- Department of Medicine/Hematology Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - M Dey
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA,Correspondence Should Be Addressed To: Mahua Dey, MD, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792; Tel: 317-274-2601;
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12
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Lee SW, Lee KJ, Park CH, Kwon HJ, Kim BS. The Valid Diagnostic Parameters in Bilateral CT Scan to Predict Unstable Syndesmotic Injury with Ankle Fracture. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E812. [PMID: 33066220 PMCID: PMC7602118 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10100812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the reasonable parameters to predict unstable syndesmotic injuries in ankle fractures. Seventy consecutive patients who underwent preoperative bilateral computed tomography (CT) scans were enrolled. Group A consisted of 20 patients intraoperatively diagnosed with syndesmotic injuries according to an intraoperative stress test and group B consisted of 50 patients who had nosyndesmotic injuries. The tibiofibular overlap (TFO) and tibiofibular clear space (TFCS) were measured using preoperative ankle radiographs. Measuring the anterior fibular distance (AFD), posterior fibular distance (PFD), anterior translation distance (AT), fibular diastasis (FD), anterior-posterior translation (APT), fibular length (FL), and surface area of syndesmosis (SAS) 1.0 and 1.5 which 1.0 cm and 1.5 cm above the tibial plafond was done via preoperative CT scan. The ratio of measurements (Injured/Intact) of the TFO, PFD, APD, and SAS 1.0 showed statistically significant differences. The researchers identified the SAS 1.0 as the most reasonable parameter to predict transfixation using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The SAS 1.0 is most valid parameter to predict syndesmotic injuries in this study and these results show that performing a bilateral CT scan on an ankle fracture may provide substantial information in measuring valid parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Wook Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Korea; (S.-W.L.); (K.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Kyung-Jae Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Korea; (S.-W.L.); (K.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Chul Hyun Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Hyeonchungno 170, Nam-gu, Daegu 42415, Korea;
| | - Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Korea; (S.-W.L.); (K.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Beom-Soo Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Korea; (S.-W.L.); (K.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
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13
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Abstract
Thermoplasmonic effect-based neural stimulation has been suggested as an alternative optical neural stimulation technology without genetic modification. Integration of near-infrared light with plasmonic gold nanoparticles has been demonstrated as a neuromodulation tool on in vitro neuronal network models. In order to further test the validity of the thermoplasmonic neural stimulation across multiple biological models (in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo) avoiding genetic modification in optical neuromodulation, versatile engineering approaches to apply the thermoplasmonic effect would be required. In this work, we developed a gold nanorod attached optical fiber technology for the localized neural stimulation based on a thermoplasmonic effect. A simple fabrication process was developed for efficient nanoparticle coating on commercial optical fibers. The thermoplasmonic optical fiber proved that it can locally modulate the neural activity in vitro. Lastly, we simulated the spatiotemporal temperature change by the thermoplasmonic optical fiber and analyzed its applicability to in vivo animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongki Kang
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
- Information and Electronics Research Institute, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Woongki Hong
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin An
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjin Yoo
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonkey Nam
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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14
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Kwon W, Kim H, Han Y, Hwang YJ, Kim SG, Kwon HJ, Vinuela E, Járufe N, Roa JC, Han IW, Heo JS, Choi SH, Choi DW, Ahn KS, Kang KJ, Lee W, Jeong CY, Hong SC, Troncoso AT, Losada HM, Han SS, Park SJ, Kim SW, Yanagimoto H, Endo I, Kubota K, Wakai T, Ajiki T, Adsay NV, Jang JY. Role of tumour location and surgical extent on prognosis in T2 gallbladder cancer: an international multicentre study. Br J Surg 2020; 107:1334-1343. [PMID: 32452559 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In gallbladder cancer, stage T2 is subdivided by tumour location into lesions on the peritoneal side (T2a) or hepatic side (T2b). For tumours on the peritoneal side (T2a), it has been suggested that liver resection may be omitted without compromising the prognosis. However, data to validate this argument are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of tumour location in T2 gallbladder cancer, and to clarify the adequate extent of surgical resection. METHODS Clinical data from patients who underwent surgery for gallbladder cancer were collected from 14 hospitals in Korea, Japan, Chile and the USA. Survival and risk factor analyses were conducted. RESULTS Data from 937 patients were available for evaluation. The overall 5-year disease-free survival rate was 70·6 per cent, 74·5 per cent for those with T2a and 65·5 per cent among those with T2b tumours (P = 0·028). Regarding liver resection, extended cholecystectomy was associated with a better 5-year disease-free survival rate than simple cholecystectomy (73·0 versus 61·5 per cent; P = 0·012). The 5-year disease-free survival rate was marginally better for extended than simple cholecystectomy in both T2a (76·5 versus 66·1 per cent; P = 0·094) and T2b (68·2 versus 56·2 per cent; P = 0·084) disease. Five-year disease-free survival rates were similar for extended cholecystectomies including liver wedge resection versus segment IVb/V segmentectomy (74·1 versus 71·5 per cent; P = 0·720). In multivariable analysis, independent risk factors for recurrence were presence of symptoms (hazard ratio (HR) 1·52; P = 0·002), R1 resection (HR 1·96; P = 0·004) and N1/N2 status (N1: HR 3·40, P < 0·001; N2: HR 9·56, P < 0·001). Among recurrences, 70·8 per cent were metastatic. CONCLUSION Tumour location was not an independent prognostic factor in T2 gallbladder cancer. Extended cholecystectomy was marginally superior to simple cholecystectomy. A radical operation should include liver resection and adequate node dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Kwon
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y Han
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y J Hwang
- School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - S G Kim
- School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - H J Kwon
- School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - E Vinuela
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Santiago, Chile
| | - N Járufe
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Santiago, Chile
| | - J C Roa
- Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - I W Han
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J S Heo
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S-H Choi
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D W Choi
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K S Ahn
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Centre, Daegu, South Korea
| | - K J Kang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Centre, Daegu, South Korea
| | - W Lee
- Department of Surgery, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - C-Y Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - S-C Hong
- Department of Surgery, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - A T Troncoso
- Department of Surgery, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - H M Losada
- Department of Surgery, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - S-S Han
- Department of Surgery, Centre for Liver Cancer, National Cancer Centre, Goyang, South Korea
| | - S-J Park
- Department of Surgery, Centre for Liver Cancer, National Cancer Centre, Goyang, South Korea
| | - S-W Kim
- Department of Surgery, Centre for Liver Cancer, National Cancer Centre, Goyang, South Korea
| | - H Yanagimoto
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - I Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - K Kubota
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - T Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - T Ajiki
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - N V Adsay
- Department of Pathology, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - J-Y Jang
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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15
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Park J, Choi J, Kim H, Kwon H. The influence of media type and length of time delay on user attitude: Effects of product-focused virtual reality. Computers in Human Behavior 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2018.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Chae H, Kwon HJ, Kim YK, Won Y, Kim D, Park HJ, Kim S, Gandla S. Laser-Processed Nature-Inspired Deformable Structures for Breathable and Reusable Electrophysiological Sensors toward Controllable Home Electronic Appliances and Psychophysiological Stress Monitoring. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:28387-28396. [PMID: 31294964 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b06363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Physiological monitoring through skin patch stretchable devices has received extensive attention because of their significant findings in many human-machine interaction applications. In this paper, we present novel nature-inspired, kiri-spider, serpentine structural designs to sustain mechanical deformations under complex stress environments. Strain-free mechanical structures involving stable high areal coverage (spiderweb), three-dimensional out-of-plane deformations (kirigami), and two-dimensional (2D) stretchable (2D spring) electrodes demonstrated high levels of mechanical loading under various strains, which were verified through theoretical and experimental studies. Alternative to conventional microfabrication procedures, sensors fabricated by a facile and rapid benchtop programmable laser machine enabled the realization of low-cost, high-throughput manufacture, followed by transferring procedures with a nearly 100% yield. For the first time, we demonstrated laser-processed thin (∼10 μm) flexible filamentary patterns embedded within the solution-processed polyimide to make it compatible with current flexible printed circuit board electronics. A patch-based sensor with thin, breathable, and sticky nature exhibited remarkable water permeability >20 g h-1 m-2 at a thickness of 250 μm. Moreover, the reusability of the sensor patch demonstrated the significance of our patch-based electrophysiological sensor. Furthermore, this wearable sensor was successfully implemented to control human-machine interfaces to operate home electronic appliances and monitor mental stress in a pilot study. These advances in novel mechanical architectures with good sensing performances provide new opportunities in wearable smart sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeokju Chae
- Multifunctional Nano Bio Electronics Lab, Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , South Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering (ICE) , Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST) , Daegu 42988 , South Korea
| | - Yu-Kang Kim
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Ressearch Center , Kyung Hee University , 26 Kyungheedae-ro , Dongdaemoon-gu , Seoul 02447 , Republic of Korea
| | - YooChan Won
- Multifunctional Nano Bio Electronics Lab, Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , South Korea
| | - Donghan Kim
- Department of Electronic Engineering , Kyung Hee University , 1732, Deogyoung Road , Giheung, Yongin , Gyeonggi 17104 , South Korea
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Ressearch Center , Kyung Hee University , 26 Kyungheedae-ro , Dongdaemoon-gu , Seoul 02447 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sunkook Kim
- Multifunctional Nano Bio Electronics Lab, Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , South Korea
| | - Srinivas Gandla
- Multifunctional Nano Bio Electronics Lab, Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , South Korea
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17
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Kwon HJ, Jeon J, Kim DH, Jang HR, Sung HH, Han DH, Park JB, Lee JE, Huh W, Kim SJ, Kim YG, Kim DJ, Oh HY. Clinical Impact of a Protocolized Kidney Donor Follow-up System. Transplant Proc 2019; 51:692-700. [PMID: 30979452 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate kidney donor management after donation is increasingly emphasized due to concerns of renal function impairment after nephrectomy with increasing life expectancy. In this study, the clinical impact of a protocolized kidney donor follow-up system by nephrologists was evaluated. METHODS A total of 427 living kidney donors underwent nephrectomy from January 2010 to December 2014 and were followed for at least 2 years at the Samsung Medical Center. Donors were followed-up by nephrologists after the establishment of a donor clinic with systemized protocols in January 2013. The primary outcomes were incidence of post-donation low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and renal function adaptability. Secondary outcomes were changes in compliance and incidence of hyperuricemia and microalbuminuria. RESULTS The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the time of nephrectomy: the pre-donor clinic period (n = 182) and the donor clinic period (n = 172). Preoperative eGFR in patients in the pre-donor clinic period was higher than that in patients in the donor clinic period. After donation, poor renal adaptation was less frequent in the donor clinic period compared to the pre-donor clinic period. Low eGFR tended to be less common during the donor clinic period. Shorter mean outpatient clinic visit intervals with more visits within 6 months after donation and earlier detection of de novo hyperuricemia were found during the donor clinic period. CONCLUSION A protocolized donor clinic run by nephrologists may improve post-nephrectomy renal outcomes and compliance and facilitate better management of potential risk factors of chronic kidney disease in donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kwon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Jeon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H R Jang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - H H Sung
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Han
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J B Park
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J E Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W Huh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y G Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D J Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Y Oh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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18
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Peng C, de Sousa FB, Gan HY, Kwon HJ, Park S, Kilpatrick-Liverman L, Wang W, Lavender S, Pilch S, Han J. Enhanced Delivery of F -, Ca 2+, K +, and Na + Ions into Enamel by Electrokinetic Flows. J Dent Res 2019; 98:430-436. [PMID: 30676839 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518818463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As the outermost layer of the tooth crown, dental enamel is the most mineralized tissue in mammals, consisting of hydroxyapatite crystallites separated by long and narrow nanochannels. A major challenge in dentistry is how various molecules can be infiltrated into these nanopores in an efficient and controlled way. Here we show a robust method to transport various ions of interest, such as fluoride (F-), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca++), and sodium (Na+), into these nanopores by electrokinetic flows. It is verified by fluorescence microscopy, laser-scanning confocal microscopy, mass spectrometry, and ion selective electrode technique. Different ions are demonstrated to infiltrate through the entire depth of the enamel layer (~1 mm), which is significantly enhanced penetration compared with diffusion-based infiltration. Meanwhile, transport depth and speed can be controlled by infiltration time and applied voltage. This is the first demonstration of reliably delivering both anions and cations into the enamel nanopores. This technique opens opportunities in caries prevention, remineralization, tooth whitening, and nanomedicine delivery in clinical dentistry, as well as other delivery challenges into various biomaterials such as bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Peng
- 1 Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - F B de Sousa
- 2 Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Fereral University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, Cidade Universitaria, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - H Y Gan
- 3 Engineering Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore
| | - H J Kwon
- 1 Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - S Park
- 4 Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - W Wang
- 5 Colgate-Palmolive Technology Center, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - S Lavender
- 5 Colgate-Palmolive Technology Center, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - S Pilch
- 5 Colgate-Palmolive Technology Center, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - J Han
- 1 Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,6 Department of Electric Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,7 Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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19
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Kim S, Lee Y, Kim JY, Yang JH, Kwon HJ, Hwang JY, Moon C, Jang JE. Color-sensitive and spectrometer-free plasmonic sensor for biosensing applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 126:743-750. [PMID: 30553104 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A color-sensitive and spectrometer-free sensing method using plasmonic nanohole arrays and the color components, L* , a* , and b* , of the CIELAB defined by the international commission on illumination (CIE) is introduced for the analysis of optically transparent materials in the visible range. Spectral analysis based on plasmonic nanoparticles or nanostructures can be applied to real-time bio-detection, but complex optical instrumentations and low spatial resolution have limited the sensing ability. Therefore, we take an advantage of color image processing instead of spectral analysis which induces the distinctive color information of plasmonic nanohole arrays with different transparent materials. It guarantees high spatial resolution which is essential to bio-detection such as living cells. To establish our sensing platform, the color components, L* , a* , and b* , were extracted from photo images by an image sensor, statistically processed using a JAVA program, and finally utilized as three individual sensing factors. Additionally, our study on a correlation between the spacing of plasmonic sensors and the color sensitivity to the refractive index reveals geometrically optimal conditions of nanohole arrays. The weighted mean calculation with the three individual sensing factors offers an enhanced distinction of the optical difference for transparent materials. In this work, a color sensitivity of 156.94 RIU-1 and a minimum mean absolute error of 1.298×10-4 RIU were achieved. The difference in the refractive index can be recognized up to 10-4 level with the suggested sensing platform and the signal process. This unique color-sensitive sensing method enables a simple, easy-to-control, and highly accurate analysis without complicated measurement systems including a spectrometer. Therefore, our sensing platform can be applied as a very powerful tool to in-situ label-free bio-detection fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunguk Kim
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Jae Yeon Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Hoon Yang
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Youn Hwang
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cheil Moon
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Eun Jang
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
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Kwon HJ, Yeo J, Jang JE, Grigoropoulos CP, Yoo JH. Single Pass Laser Process for Super-Hydrophobic Flexible Surfaces with Micro/Nano Hierarchical Structures. Materials (Basel) 2018; 11:E1226. [PMID: 30018208 PMCID: PMC6073274 DOI: 10.3390/ma11071226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Wetting has been studied in various fields: chemical industry, automobile manufacturing, food companies, and even life sciences. In these studies, super-hydrophobic surfaces have been achieved through complex steps and processes. To realize super-hydrophobicity, however, we demonstrated a simple and single pass laser process for the fabrication of micro/nano hierarchical structures on the flexible polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, Teflon) surface. The fabricated hierarchical structures helped increase the hydrophobicity by augmenting the surface roughness and promoting air-trapping. In addition, we employed a low-cost and high-throughput replication process producing numerous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) replicas from the laser-processed PTFE film. Thanks to the anti-adhesive characteristics of PTFE and the elasticity of PDMS, the structure perfectly transferred to the replica without any mechanical failure. Moreover, our designed mesh patterns offered the possibility of large area applications through varying the process parameters (pitch, beam spot size, laser fluence, and scan speed). Even though mesh patterns had relatively large pitch (190 μm), we were able to achieve high contact angle (>150°). Through pneumatically deformed structure, we clearly showed that the shape of the droplets on our laser-processed super-hydrophobic surface was spherical. Based on these outcomes, we can expect our single laser pulse exposure process can overcome many drawbacks and offer opportunities for advancing applications of the wetting phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea.
| | - Junyeob Yeo
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Jae Eun Jang
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea.
| | - Costas P Grigoropoulos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Jae-Hyuck Yoo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
- Physical and Life Sciences and NIF and Photon Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
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Kwon HJ, Kim DH, Jang HR, Jung SH, Han DH, Sung HH, Park JB, Lee JE, Huh W, Kim SJ, Kim YG, Kim DJ, Oh HY. Predictive Factors of Renal Adaptation After Nephrectomy in Kidney Donors. Transplant Proc 2017; 49:1999-2006. [PMID: 29149951 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite compensatory hyperfiltration in remaining nephrons following donor nephrectomy, some donors show impaired renal adaptation and low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We investigated the factors predicting early renal adaptation after nephrectomy and identified kidney donors at risk of inadequate renal adaptation. METHODS A total of 265 living kidney donors from 2010 to 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Renal function was serially followed for 6 months after the operation. Regression analyses were performed to identify the independent predictors of low eGFR (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2) and impaired renal adaptation (%Modification of Diet in Renal Disease [MDRD] <66% of baseline eGFR). RESULTS A total of 148 donors belonged to the low eGFR group, and changes in eGFR (ΔeGFR) at postoperative (PO) 1 day and 1 month were identified as independent predictors of low eGFR. Impaired renal adaptation was related to age, ΔeGFR PO 2-3 days, and ΔeGFR PO 1 month. Early renal adaptation was associated with age, male gender, and residual kidney computerized tomography angiography (CTA) volume. The best sensitivity and specificity were obtained with a cutoff value of ΔeGFR 31 at PO 1 day and 1 month for predicting low eGFR and with a value of ΔeGFR 27 at PO 2-3 days and 1 month for predicting impaired renal adaptation. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the degree of early renal adaptation determines subsequent renal function in kidney donors. Closer monitoring and management may be required in old or male donors with small residual CTA kidney volume as well as donors with persistent ΔeGFR >27 within 1 month of nephrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kwon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H R Jang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - S-H Jung
- Biostatics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D H Han
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H H Sung
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J B Park
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J E Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - W Huh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S J Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-G Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D J Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Y Oh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kwon HJ, Brasch HD, Benison S, Marsh RW, Itinteang T, Titchener GW, Evans J, Tan ST. Erratum to "Changing prevalence and treatment outcomes of patients with p16 human papillomavirus related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in New Zealand" [Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 54 (8) (2016) 898-903]. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 55:754. [PMID: 28687136 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H J Kwon
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wellington Regional Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - H D Brasch
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand; Department of Pathology, Hutt Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - S Benison
- Department of Pathology, Hutt Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - R W Marsh
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand; Auckland University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - T Itinteang
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - G W Titchener
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wellington Regional Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - J Evans
- Wellington Blood and Cancer Centre, Wellington Regional Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - S T Tan
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand; Wellington Regional Plastic, Maxillofacial & Burns Unit, Hutt Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand.
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Hong S, Naqi M, Jung U, Liu N, Kwon HJ, Grigoropoulos CP, Hong YK, Kim S. 66-1: Invited Paper
: High Mobility Flexible 2D Multilayer MoS2 TFTs on Solution-Based Polyimide Substrates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/sdtp.11811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seongin Hong
- Multi-Functional Nano/Bio Electronics Lab, Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon South Korea
| | - Muhammad Naqi
- Multi-Functional Nano/Bio Electronics Lab, Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon South Korea
| | - Uihyun Jung
- Multi-Functional Nano/Bio Electronics Lab, Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon South Korea
| | - Na Liu
- Multi-Functional Nano/Bio Electronics Lab, Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon South Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Laser Thermal Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of California; Berkeley USA
| | - Costas P. Grigoropoulos
- Laser Thermal Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of California; Berkeley USA
| | - Young Ki Hong
- Multi-Functional Nano/Bio Electronics Lab, Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon South Korea
| | - Sunkook Kim
- Multi-Functional Nano/Bio Electronics Lab, Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon South Korea
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Kim YY, Hwang J, Kim HS, Kwon HJ, Kim S, Lee JH, Lee JH. Genetic alterations in mesiodens as revealed by targeted next-generation sequencing and gene co-occurrence network analysis. Oral Dis 2017; 23:966-972. [PMID: 28415132 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mesiodens is the most common type of supernumerary tooth which includes a population prevalence of 0.15%-1.9%. Alongside evidence that the condition is heritable, mutations in single genes have been reported in few human supernumerary tooth cases. Gene sequencing methods in tradition way are time-consuming and labor-intensive, whereas next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics are cost-effective for large samples and target sizes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We describe the application of a targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics approach to samples from 17 mesiodens patients. Subjects were diagnosed on the basis of panoramic radiograph. A total of 101 candidate genes which were captured custom genes were sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq 2500. Multistep bioinformatics processing was performed including variant identification, base calling, and in silico analysis of putative disease-causing variants. RESULTS Targeted capture identified 88 non-synonymous, rare, exonic variants involving 42 of the 101 candidate genes. Moreover, we investigated gene co-occurrence relationships between the genomic alterations and identified 88 significant relationships among 18 most recurrent driver alterations. CONCLUSION Our search for co-occurring genetic alterations revealed that such alterations interact cooperatively to drive mesiodens. We discovered a gene co-occurrence network in mesiodens patients with functionally enriched gene groups in the sonic hedgehog (SHH), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), and wingless integrated (WNT) signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Kim
- Institute of Oral Science, Apple Tree Dental Hospital, Ilsansuh-gu, Goyang, Korea
| | - J Hwang
- Department of IT Convergence and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - H-S Kim
- Institute of Oral Science, Apple Tree Dental Hospital, Ilsansuh-gu, Goyang, Korea
| | - H J Kwon
- Institute of Oral Science, Apple Tree Dental Hospital, Ilsansuh-gu, Goyang, Korea
| | - S Kim
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, Korea
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No YA, Kwon HJ, Park KY, Hong SA, Seo SJ, Hong CK. Unilateral, erythematous, swollen, sclerosing patch with nodular progression on the right side of the face. Clin Exp Dermatol 2016; 41:945-947. [PMID: 27766675 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y A No
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Kwon
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K Y Park
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S A Hong
- Department of Pathology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S J Seo
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C K Hong
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kwon HJ, Chung S, Jang J, Grigoropoulos CP. Laser direct writing and inkjet printing for a sub-2 μm channel length MoS2 transistor with high-resolution electrodes. Nanotechnology 2016; 27:405301. [PMID: 27576743 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/40/405301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Patterns formed by the laser direct writing (LDW) lithography process are used either as channels or barriers for MoS2 transistors fabricated via inkjet printing. Silver (Ag) nanoparticle ink is printed over patterns formed on top of the MoS2 flakes in order to construct high-resolution source/drain (S/D) electrodes. When positive photoresist is used, the produced grooves are filled with inkjetted Ag ink by capillary forces. On the other hand, in the case of negative photoresist, convex barrier-like patterns are written on the MoS2 flakes and patterns, dividing the printed Ag ink into the S/D electrodes by self-alignment. LDW lithography combined with inkjet printing is applied to MoS2 thin-film transistors that exhibit moderate electrical performance such as mobility and subthreshold swing. However, especially in the linear operation regime, their features are limited by the contact effect. The Y-function method can exclude the contact effect and allow proper evaluation of the maximum available mobility and contact resistance. The presented fabrication methods may facilitate the development of cost-effective fabrication processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Laser Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1740, USA
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Jeong HS, Lee J, Lim BJ, Kwon HJ, Kim YS, Kim BS, Huh KH, Kim SI, Kim MS, Jeong HJ. Concurrent Post-Transplantation Diabetes Mellitus in Renal Allograft Recipients With Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy. Transplant Proc 2016; 48:887-9. [PMID: 27234759 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of post-transplantation immunoglobulin A nephropathy (PTIgAN) and diabetes mellitus (PTDM) increases with time after transplantation, and recognition and management of these conditions is becoming more important in renal allograft recipients as graft survival increases. METHODS We explored the influence of concurrent PTDM on renal allograft histology and function in 111 cases with PTIgAN diagnosed from 2000 to 2010 at our institution. RESULTS Sixteen patients (14.4%) had PTDM at the time of diagnosis of PTIgAN, which increased to 28 patients (25.2%) at the last follow-up (10.4 years after transplantation). Donor ages were younger in PTIgAN patients with concurrent PTDM. However, other clinical and demographic data were not significantly different between PTIgAN patients with and without PTDM. Histologically, Banff "mm" scores were higher and "M1" of the Oxford classification was more frequent in PTIgAN patients with concurrent PTDM than in patients without PTDM, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. Serum creatinine levels and proteinuria at the time of biopsy and overall graft survival did not vary according to the presence of PTDM both at biopsy and at the last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Concurrent PTDM does not significantly influence graft function or outcome for 10 years after transplantation in PTIgAN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Jeong
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Transplantation Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - B J Lim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Kwon
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- Department of Transplantation Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - B S Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K H Huh
- Department of Transplantation Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S I Kim
- Department of Transplantation Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M S Kim
- Department of Transplantation Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Jeong
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Kwon HJ, Jang J, Grigoropoulos CP. Laser Direct Writing Process for Making Electrodes and High-k Sol-Gel ZrO2 for Boosting Performances of MoS2 Transistors. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:9314-9318. [PMID: 27011225 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b11357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), including molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), can be attractive materials for photonic and electronic applications due to their exceptional properties. Among these unique properties, high mobility of 2D TMDCs enables realization of high-performance nanoelectronics based on a thin film transistor (TFT) platform. In this contribution, we report highly enhanced field effect mobility (μ(eff) = 50.1 cm(2)/(V s), ∼2.5 times) of MoS2 TFTs through the sol-gel processed high-k ZrO2 (∼22.0) insulator, compared to those of typical MoS2/SiO2/Si structures (μ(eff) = 19.4 cm(2)/(V s)) because a high-k dielectric layer can suppress Coulomb electron scattering and reduce interface trap concentration. Additionally, in order to avoid costly conventional mask based photolithography and define the patterns, we employ a simple laser direct writing (LDW) process. This process allows precise and flexible control with reasonable resolution (up to ∼10 nm), depending on the system, and enables fabrication of arbitrarily patterned devices. Taking advantage of continuing developments in laser technology offers a substantial cost decrease, and LDW may emerge as a promising technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720-1740, United States
| | - Jaewon Jang
- School of Electronics Engineering, Kyungpook National University , Daegu 702-701, Korea
| | - Costas P Grigoropoulos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720-1740, United States
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Yoo JH, Kwon HJ, Paeng D, Yeo J, Elhadj S, Grigoropoulos CP. Facile fabrication of a superhydrophobic cage by laser direct writing for site-specific colloidal self-assembled photonic crystal. Nanotechnology 2016; 27:145604. [PMID: 26916834 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/14/145604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Micron-sized ablated surface structures with nano-sized 'bumpy' structures were produced by femtosecond (fs) laser ablation of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film under ambient conditions. Upon just a single step, the processed surface exhibited hierarchical micro/nano morphology. In addition, due to the tribological properties of PTFE, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) could be replicated from the laser-ablated PTFE surface without anti-adhesive surface treatment. By controlling the design of the ablated patterns, tunable wettability and superhydrophobicity were achieved on both PTFE and PDMS replica surfaces. Furthermore, using fs laser ablation direct writing, a flexible superhydrophobic PDMS cage formed by superhydrophobic patterns encompassing the unmodified region was demonstrated for aqueous droplet positioning and trapping. Through evaporation-driven colloidal self-assembly in this superhydrophobic cage, a colloidal droplet containing polystyrene (PS) particles dried into a self-assembled photonic crystal, whose optical band gap could be manipulated by the particle size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyuck Yoo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Laser Thermal Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1740, USA. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
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Chung S, Ul Karim MA, Kwon HJ, Subramanian V. High-performance inkjet-printed four-terminal microelectromechanical relays and inverters. Nano Lett 2015; 15:3261-3266. [PMID: 25830693 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the first demonstration of inkjet-printed 4-terminal microelectromechanical (MEM) relays and inverters with hyper-abrupt switching that exhibit excellent electrical and mechanical characteristics. This first implementation of a printed 4-terminal device is critically important, since it allows for the realization of full complementary logic functions. The floated fourth terminal (body electrode), which allows the gate switching voltage to be adjusted, is bonded to movable channel beams via a printed epoxy layer in a planar structure, which can move downward together via the electrostatic force between the gate electrodes and body such that the channel can also actuate downward and touch the drain electrode. Because the body, channel, and drain electrodes are completely electrically separated, no detectable leakage or electrical interference between the electrodes is observed. The printed MEM relay exhibited an on-state resistance of only 3.48 Ω, immeasurable off-state leakage, subthreshold swing <1 mV/dec, and a stable operation over 10(4) cycles with a switching delay of 47 μs, and the relay inverter exhibits abrupt transitions between on/off states. The operation of the printed 4-terminal MEM relay was also verified against the results of a 3-dimensional (3D) finite element simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungjun Chung
- †Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Muhammed Ahosan Ul Karim
- †Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Vivek Subramanian
- †Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Jeon JS, Kim BH, Lee SH, Kwon HJ, Bae HJ, Kim SK, Park JA, Shim JH, Abd El-Aty AM, Shin HC. Simultaneous determination of arbutin and its decomposed product hydroquinone in whitening creams using high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection: Effect of temperature and pH on decomposition. Int J Cosmet Sci 2015; 37:567-73. [PMID: 25857400 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Arbutin is an effective agent for the treatment of melanin disorders. Arbutin may be converted to hydroquinone under conditions of high temperature, ultraviolet (UV) radiation and dilute acid. The aim of the current study was to develop an analytical method to determine the levels of arbutin and hydroquinone in whitening cosmetic products using high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC-DAD). In addition, we investigated the effects of high temperature and pH on the decomposition of arbutin. METHODS Samples extracted using two-step sonications were separated on a C18 column using a gradient mobile phase consisting of water and methanol. A 60-mm (40 μL) DAD cell was used to enhance the sensitivity of hydroquinone determination. Thermal decomposition of arbutin was evaluated at temperatures ranging from 60 to 120°C for 1-36 h. RESULTS The method showed good linearity (R(2) ≥ 0.9997), precision (relative standard deviation, RSD < 5%) and acceptable extraction recovery (90-102.6%). The limits of quantitation for arbutin and hydroquinone were 0.0085 and 0.0119 μg mL(-1) , respectively. One sample of 21 cosmetic products tested contained arbutin at a concentration 1.61 g 100 g(-1) cream and 0.12 g 100 g(-1) cream of hydroquinone. Arbutin (327.18 ppm) decomposed after 6 h at 120°C and produced 10.73 ppm of hydroquinone. CONCLUSION The developed method is simple to detect both arbutin and hydroquinone simultaneously in cosmetic products, at an adequate level of sensitivity. Notably, temperature and pH did not influence the decomposition of arbutin to hydroquinone in a 2% arbutin cream.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Jeon
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Nuengdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Korea.,Public Health Research Division, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, 95, Pajang cheon-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwonsi, Gyeonggi Province, 440-290, Korea
| | - B H Kim
- Public Health Research Division, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, 95, Pajang cheon-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwonsi, Gyeonggi Province, 440-290, Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Public Health Research Division, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, 95, Pajang cheon-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwonsi, Gyeonggi Province, 440-290, Korea
| | - H J Kwon
- Public Health Research Division, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, 95, Pajang cheon-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwonsi, Gyeonggi Province, 440-290, Korea
| | - H J Bae
- Public Health Research Division, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, 95, Pajang cheon-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwonsi, Gyeonggi Province, 440-290, Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Nuengdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Korea
| | - J A Park
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Nuengdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Korea
| | - J H Shim
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-757, Korea
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Nuengdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - H C Shin
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Nuengdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Korea
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Kwon J, Hong YK, Kwon HJ, Park YJ, Yoo B, Kim J, Grigoropoulos CP, Oh MS, Kim S. Optically transparent thin-film transistors based on 2D multilayer MoS₂ and indium zinc oxide electrodes. Nanotechnology 2015; 26:035202. [PMID: 25548952 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/3/035202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report on optically transparent thin film transistors (TFTs) fabricated using multilayered molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) as the active channel, indium tin oxide (ITO) for the back-gated electrode and indium zinc oxide (IZO) for the source/drain electrodes, respectively, which showed more than 81% transmittance in the visible wavelength. In spite of a relatively large Schottky barrier between MoS2 and IZO, the n-type behavior with a field-effect mobility (μ(eff)) of 1.4 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) was observed in as-fabricated transparent MoS2 TFT. In order to enhance the performances of transparent MoS2 TFTs, a picosecond pulsed laser was selectively irradiated onto the contact region of the IZO electrodes. Following laser annealing, μ(eff) increased to 4.5 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), and the on-off current ratio (I(on)/I(off)) increased to 10(4), which were attributed to the reduction of the contact resistance between MoS2 and IZO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyeon Kwon
- Multi-Functional Bio/Nano Lab., Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi 446-701, Korea
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Oh ST, Zheng L, Kwon HJ, Choo YK, Lee KW, Kang CW, An BK. Effects of Dietary Fermented Chlorella vulgaris (CBT(®)) on Growth Performance, Relative Organ Weights, Cecal Microflora, Tibia Bone Characteristics, and Meat Qualities in Pekin Ducks. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2015; 28:95-101. [PMID: 25557680 PMCID: PMC4283193 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fermented Chlorella vulgaris was examined for its effects on growth performance, cecal microflora, tibia bone strength, and meat qualities in commercial Pekin ducks. A total of three hundred, day-old male Pekin ducks were divided into three groups with five replicates (n = 20 ducklings per replicate) and offered diets supplemented with commercial fermented C. vulgaris (CBT(®)) at the level of 0, 1,000 or 2,000 mg/kg, respectively for 6 wks. The final body weight was linearly (p = 0.001) increased as the addition of fermented C. vulgaris into diets increased. Similarly, dietary C. vulgaris linearly increased body weight gain (p = 0.001) and feed intake (p = 0.001) especially at the later days of the feeding trial. However, there was no C. vulgaris effect on feed efficiency. Relative weights of liver were significantly lowered by dietary fermented C. vulgaris (linear effect at p = 0.044). Dietary fermented C. vulgaris did not affect total microbes, lactic acid bacteria, and coliforms in cecal contents. Finally, meat quality parameters such as meat color (i.e., yellowness), shear force, pH, or water holding capacity were altered by adding fermented C. vulgaris into the diet. In our knowledge, this is the first report to show that dietary fermented C. vulgaris enhanced meat qualities of duck meats. In conclusion, our study indicates that dietary fermented C. vulgaris exerted benefits on productivity and can be employed as a novel, nutrition-based strategy to produce value-added duck meats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Oh
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - L Zheng
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - H J Kwon
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - Y K Choo
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - K W Lee
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - C W Kang
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - B K An
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
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Choi YJ, Park MI, Park SJ, Moon W, Kim SE, Kwon HJ, Kim JH, Jeon WS. The effect of water bolus temperature on esophageal motor function as measured by high-resolution manometry. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2014; 26:1628-34. [PMID: 25307526 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ingestion of cold fluids may induce pain in patients with esophageal motility disorders. Hot fluids, on the other hand, may help to relieve pain. We studied changes in esophageal motility as a variable of water bolus temperature using high-resolution manometry (HRM) in healthy human. METHODS Thirty-two healthy subjects were recruited at Kosin University Hospital. HRM was performed in a sitting position, with room temperature (RT, 25 °C), hot (45 °C), and cold (2 °C) water swallowed in that order. This exam included single swallowing (10 swallows of 5 mL water, 30 s intervals) and multiple water swallows (MWS; 100 mL water within 30 s). KEY RESULTS In the single swallowing, hot water caused a decrease in lower esophageal sphincter (LES) residual pressure (5.87 ± 4.20 mmHg vs 7.45 ± 4.17 mmHg (RT), p = 0.001) and duration of esophageal body (EB) contraction (3.01 ± 0.80 s vs 3.15 ± 1.16 s (RT), p = 0.009). Cold water caused an increase in the duration of EB contraction (3.52 ± 0.87 s vs 3.15 ± 1.16 s (RT), p = 0.001) and a decrease in contractile front velocity (CFV) (4.43 ± 1.50 cm/s vs 4.90 ± 2.53 cm/s (RT), p = 0.007). Similarly, in the MWS, hot water caused a decrease in the duration of EB contraction (12.95 ± 5.02 s vs 16.33 ± 5.94 s (RT), p = 0.024) and an increase in the amplitude of EB contraction (114.27 ± 83.36 mmHg vs 82.70 ± 46.77 mmHg (RT), p = 0.007). Cold water caused an increase in the duration of EB contraction (27.38 ± 2.89 s vs 16.33 ± 5.94 s (RT), p = 0.03) and a decrease in the amplitude of EB contraction (51.68 ± 33.94 mmHg vs 82.70 ± 46.77 mmHg (RT), p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES This study showed changes in esophageal motility to be dependent on water temperature. Especially, MWS showed clear changes in esophageal motility at different temperatures of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
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Kim EJ, Kwon HJ, Ha M, Lim MH, Oh SY, Kim JH, Yoo SJ, Paik KC. Relationship among attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, dietary behaviours and obesity. Child Care Health Dev 2014; 40:698-705. [PMID: 24438547 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders of childhood and can be associated with obesity. The aim of this study was to reveal the connection between ADHD symptoms, food habits and obesity. METHODS We examined 12 350 children (6010 boys, 6340 girls) from 27 elementary schools in Cheonan, the Republic of Korea. The study subjects were 5- to 13-year-old children (9.4 ± 1.7 years). Parents completed the DuPaul ADHD Rating Scale. Food habits were measured by a questionnaire adapted from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey and a validated mini-dietary assessment tool. The full set of hypothesized associations was tested using covariance structural modelling. RESULTS The prevalence of ADHD was 7.6% and that of obesity was 4.5% in our study population. The data was well fit by the model. ADHD was associated with body mass index (BMI; standardized β = 0.086, P < 0.001). Bulimic dietary behaviours was related to BMI (standardized β = 0.548, P < 0.001). Socio-economic status was associated with BMI (standardized β = -0.017, P = 0.027). CONCLUSION Our analysis suggested that ADHD was a risk factor for obesity through dietary behavioural change and socio-economic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Kim
- The Environmental Health Center (Neurodevelopment), Dankook University Medical Center, Cheonan, Korea
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Choo YK, Kwon HJ, Oh ST, Kang CW, Kim HK, Hong EC, Heo KN, Lee SK, An BK. Growth performance and carcass characteristics of korean native ducks fed diets with varying levels of limiting amino acids. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 27:518-23. [PMID: 25049982 PMCID: PMC4093530 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
There are multiple experiments conducted with male Korean native ducks (KND) to evaluate the optimal levels of limiting amino acids (AA). In Exp. 1, a total of 450 one-d-old male KNDs were divided into five groups with six replicates and fed experimental diets with varying levels of lysine, total sulfur amino acids (TSAA) and threonine (T1, 0.90/0.74/0.70%; T2, 1.00/0.82/0.77%; T3, 1.10/0.90/0.85%; T4, 1.20/0.98/0.93%; T5, 1.30/1.07/1.01%) to 21 d of age. In Exp. 2, one-d-old male KND were received and fed commercial starter diet from hatching to 21 d of age, and then divided into five groups with six replicates and fed one of five diets varying levels of lysine, TSAA, and threonine (T1, 0.73/0.62/0.54%; T2, 0.80/0.68/0.60%; T3, 0.87/0.74/0.65%; T4, 0.94/0.80/0.70%; T5, 1.01/0.86/0.75%) during 22 to 56 d of age, respectively. The BW gain was linearly increased as dietary limiting AA levels increased to 1.20% lysine, 0.98% TSAA and 0.93% threonine. There were no significant differences in feed intake, gain:feed and uniformity among groups. In Exp. 2, the BW gain and gain:feed were not affected by dietary limiting AA levels. There were no significant differences in carcass characteristics and meat quality among groups. The growth performance and carcass characteristics did not show the significant response to increasing dietary limiting AA levels in KND during 22 to 56 d of age. In conclusion, the levels of lysine, TSAA and threonine necessary to maximize growth for starter phase were at least 1.20%, 0.98%, and 0.93%, respectively. On the other hands, KND require relatively low levels of limiting AA for late growth and carcass yield. The dietary levels of 0.73% lysine, 0.62% TSAA and 0.54% threonine appear to be adequate during growing phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Choo
- Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan 330-801, Korea
| | - H J Kwon
- Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan 330-801, Korea
| | - S T Oh
- Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan 330-801, Korea
| | - C W Kang
- Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan 330-801, Korea
| | - H K Kim
- Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan 330-801, Korea
| | - E C Hong
- Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan 330-801, Korea
| | - K N Heo
- Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan 330-801, Korea
| | - S K Lee
- Department of Animal Products and Food Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
| | - B K An
- Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan 330-801, Korea
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Choo YK, Kwon HJ, Oh ST, Um JS, Kim BG, Kang CW, Lee SK, An BK. Comparison of growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of korean local chickens and silky fowl. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 27:398-405. [PMID: 25049967 PMCID: PMC4093260 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of 4 breeds of local chicken. A total of 480 1-d-old chicks were distributed to 16 pens, with 4 treatments of breed, 4 replicates and 30 chicks per pen. Three Korean local breeds of white-mini broiler, Hanhyup-3-ho, and Woorimatdag, and a breed of silky fowl were raised under identical rearing and feeding conditions for 31-d, 37-d, 36-d, and 59-d, respectively. The BW and feed consumption on a pen basis were weekly measured for all pens, and ADFI, ADG and gain:feed were calculated for each pen. The ADFI and ADG of 3 breeds of Korean local chicken were greater than those of silky fowl (p<0.05). Within the Korean local breeds, ADFI of white-mini broiler was the highest (p<0.05), and ADG of Hanhyup-3-ho and white-mini broiler was the highest (p<0.05). Gain:feed of silky fowl was less than that of the 3 breeds of Korean local chicken. The carcass and breast yield of white-mini broiler were the greater than those of other breeds (p<0.05). The breast meat color (CIE L*, a*, and b*) of 3 breeds of Korean local chicken were higher than that of silky fowl (p<0.05). The breast meat of Hanhyup-3-ho had greater cooking loss (p<0.05), whereas water holding capacity and pH were less than those of other breeds (p<0.05). The color score of 3 breeds of Korean local chicken was higher than that of silky fowl (p<0.05). Woorimatdag had a higher score on tenderness (p<0.05), whereas flavor score was less than that of other breeds (p<0.05). In conclusion, 4 local breeds of chicken have some unique features and seem to have more advantages, and this information can help consumers who prefer healthy and premium chicken meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Choo
- Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul 134-763, Korea
| | - H J Kwon
- Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul 134-763, Korea
| | - S T Oh
- Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul 134-763, Korea
| | - J S Um
- Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul 134-763, Korea
| | - B G Kim
- Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul 134-763, Korea
| | - C W Kang
- Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul 134-763, Korea
| | - S K Lee
- Department of Animal Products and Food Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
| | - B K An
- Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul 134-763, Korea
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Kim DW, Woo HD, Joo J, Park KS, Oh SY, Kwon HJ, Park JD, Hong YS, Sohn SJ, Yoon HJ, Hwang MS, Kim J. Estimated long-term dietary exposure to lead, cadmium, and mercury in young Korean children. Eur J Clin Nutr 2014; 68:1322-6. [PMID: 24961543 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Controlling for day-to-day variation is a key issue in estimating long-term dietary exposure to heavy metals using 24-hour recall (24HR) data from a relatively small number of days. OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to estimate long-term dietary exposure to lead, cadmium and mercury among Korean children using the Iowa State University (ISU) method and to assess the contributions of different food groups to heavy metal intake. METHODS We analyzed 2 days of 24HR data from 457 children between 0 and 6 years of age in 2010. Using bootstrapped concentration data for 118 representative foods, 93.5% of total intake was included in the exposure estimates in this study. Using the 2-day exposure data, we estimated long-term exposure by controlling for within-individual variation using the ISU method. RESULTS The long-term dietary exposure estimates (mean±standard deviation) for lead, cadmium, and mercury were 0.47±0.14, 0.38±0.20, and 0.22±0.08 μg/kg bw/day, respectively. For lead and cadmium, the percentages of children whose exposure was greater than the reference value were 35 and 42%, respectively. Fruits were an important source of lead exposure, and cereal and fish and shellfish made the greatest contributions to the total cadmium and mercury exposure. CONCLUSIONS Our findings also suggest that the long-term exposure to lead and cadmium was somewhat greater than the reference values, whereas mercury exposure was well below than the reference value in this population. Further studies may be necessary to evaluate the food items contributing to heavy metal exposure, and continuous monitoring is needed to ensure the safety of food intake and dietary patterns among vulnerable groups in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Kim
- Molecular Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - H D Woo
- Molecular Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - J Joo
- Biometric Research Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - K S Park
- Advanced Analysis Center, Research Planning & Coordination Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Oh
- Department of Food & Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kwon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - J D Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Hong
- Dong-A University, Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Center, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Sohn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Yoon
- Risk Analysis & Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - M S Hwang
- Risk Analysis & Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kim
- Molecular Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Choi YJ, Park MI, Park SJ, Moon W, Kim SE, Yoo CH, Kwon HJ. Relationship between multiple water swallows and gastroesophageal reflux in patients with normal esophageal motility. Dis Esophagus 2014; 28:520-3. [PMID: 24898795 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multiple water swallows (MWS) stimulates neural inhibition, resulting in abolition of contractions in the esophageal body and complete lower esophageal sphincter relaxation, which is followed by peristalsis and the lower esophageal sphincter contraction. We assessed the relationship between MWS and gastroesophageal reflux in patients with esophageal symptoms and with normal findings by high-resolution manometry (HRM). We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of patients who underwent HRM and a 24-hour ambulatory impedance-pH study. Correlation between the findings of the impedance-pH study and abnormal MWS responses without motility disorders was evaluated. Independent t-tests were used for statistical analysis. Of 28 patients, 20 (71%) had abnormal MWS responses: four (20%) had abnormal responses during MWS, six (30%) had abnormal responses after MWS, and 10 (50%) had abnormal responses both during and after MWS. Total acid exposure times were significantly longer in patients with abnormal MWS responses than in patients with normal MWS responses. In particular, upright acid exposure time and all reflux percent times were significantly longer in patients with abnormal MWS responses. However, bolus clearance time and longest reflux episode were not different between the two groups. Abnormal MWS responses predicted increased acid exposure times in patients with normal findings of HRM by the Chicago classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - M I Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - S J Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - W Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - S E Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - C H Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - H J Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
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In JB, Kwon HJ, Lee D, Ko SH, Grigoropoulos CP. In situ monitoring of laser-assisted hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanowires: thermally deactivating growth kinetics. Small 2014; 10:741-749. [PMID: 24068694 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201301599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 07/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The laser-assisted hydrothermal growth kinetics of a cluster of ZnO nanowires are studied based on optical in situ growth monitoring. The growth yields are orders of magnitude higher than those of conventional hydrothermal methods that use bulk heating. This remarkable improvement is attributed to suppression of precursor depletion occurring by homogeneous growth reactions, as well as to enhanced mass transport. The obtained in situ data show gradually decaying growth kinetics even with negligible precursor consumption. It is revealed that the growth deceleration is caused by thermal deactivation resulting from heat dissipation through the growing nanowires. Finally, it is demonstrated that the tailored temporal modulation of the input power enables sustained growth to extended dimensions. These results provide a key to highly efficient use of growth precursors that has been pursued for industrial use of this functional metal oxide semiconductor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Bin In
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1740, USA
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Kwon HJ, Kang JH, Lee JW, Chung NG, Kim HK, Cho B. Treatment of BK virus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with cidofovir: a single-center experience. Transpl Infect Dis 2013; 15:569-74. [PMID: 24028353 DOI: 10.1111/tid.12136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND BK virus (BKV)-associated hemorrhagic cystitis (BKV-HC) is a severe complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Cidofovir (CDV) has emerged as an effective agent for the treatment of BKV nephropathy, but its use for BKV-HC in pediatric HSCT recipients has not yet been established as a standard therapy. PATIENT AND METHODS We retrospectively investigated the efficacy and safety of CDV therapy for patients with BKV-HC at a single institution and analyzed the clinical management outcomes. RESULTS From April 2009 to July 2011, 12 patients developed BKV-HC at a median of 37 days after transplant (range 15-59 days). The cumulative incidence was 9% and the median peak of the urine BKV load was 2.5 × 10(10) copies/mL (range 1.4 × 10(9) -1.2 × 10(11) copies/mL). Eleven patients received intravenous CDV (5 mg/kg/dose, with probenecid), whereas 1 patient received CDV (5 mg/kg/dose, without probenecid) intravesically. The median duration of therapy was 25 days (range 9-73 days), and a median of 2 doses was given (range 1-4). A reduction of ≥ 1 log in the BKV load was found in 11 patients, while 1 patient did not have any significant change in BKV load. Clinical improvement was observed in all cases, and no HC-related death was observed. CDV-related toxicity occurred in 1 patient (8%) and spontaneously resolved. CONCLUSIONS CDV appears to be an effective and safe treatment for BKV-HC in pediatric HSCT recipients, but prospective trials are warranted to support its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kwon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea; Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Park J, Lee H, Kim YK, Kim KH, Lee W, Lee KY, Park YJ, Kahng J, Kwon HJ, Kim Y, Oh EJ, Lim J, Kim M, Han K. Automated screening for tuberculosis by multiparametric analysis of data obtained during routine complete blood count. Int J Lab Hematol 2013; 36:156-64. [PMID: 24034225 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The main goal of this study was to develop a multiparametric cell population data (CPD) model that combines information from several morphologic parameters generated by DxH800, in addition to the traditional parameters regularly reported in the CBC-diff, and to test the performance of this model in screening the general population for primary tuberculosis (TB). METHODS A total of 3741 study cases were divided into two groups, test and validation set at cut-off value of 6000 WBCs/μL. We developed multiparametric model for primary TB screening (TB hemeprint), selected CPD, and calculated parameters which could discriminate primary TB from other non-TB diseases and normal control in test set. We applied it to the validation set, which was a set of completely different samples, to test its reproducibility if applied to a routine laboratory test. RESULTS After screening primary TB using TB hemeprint, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 85.4%, 89.6%, 31.1%, and 99.1%, respectively, in primary TB with lower than 6000 WBCs/μL of test set (test set-L). In primary TB with higher than 6000 WBCs/μL of test set (test set-H), those values were 83.1%, 85.6%, 29.7%, and 98.6%, respectively. There were only 0.4% (2/461) and 0.6% (2/326) of normal control samples included in test set-L and -H, respectively. Diagnostic efficiencies except sensitivity in each validation set were very comparable with those in each test set. CONCLUSION Tuberculosis hemeprint may allow us to screen primary TB with acceptable sensitivity and specificity using combination of TB-specific CPD and calculated parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Kwon HJ, Sung BK, Kim JW, Lee JH, Kim ND, Yoo MA, Kang HS, Baek HS, Bae SJ, Choi JS, Takahashi R, Goto S, Chung HY. The effect of lipopolysaccharide on enhanced inflammatory process with age: Modulation of NF-κB. J Am Aging Assoc 2013; 24:163-71. [PMID: 23604881 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-001-0017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is thought to be a causative factor for age-related damage in a wide variety of cellular constituents that can lead to dysfunction and various pathological conditions, including the inflammatory process. At the molecular level, the redox-sensitive transcription factor, NF-κB plays a key role in the regulation of the inflammatory process, along with cytokines, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). We studied the mechanism underlying the modulation of the inflammatory reaction with age by investigating NF-κB activation and the expression of COX-2, iNOS, and cytokines genes in hepatic tissues isolated from young and old rats. We expanded our investigation of these factors in rats injected with the inflammatory activator, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Data showed that NF-κB activity was up-regulated with age and was further enhanced by LPS injection, indicating an increased susceptibility and sensitivity to the inflammatory stimulus with age. To explore further the molecular events leading to NF-κB activation, we investigated the inhibitory component of NF-κB complex, IκB. Cytosolic IκBα, but not IκBβ, was significantly decreased in both old and LPS-treated rats, signifying the enhanced migration of cytosolic NF-κB complex into the nucleus following dissociation from the inhibitor. The appearance of the polypeptide, p65, as determined in the nucleus, corresponded with the change in IκBα, providing further supporting evidence for the molecular process involved in NF-κB activation. Our additional investigation of two proinflammatory-related enzymes, COX-2 and iNOS, and three cytokines, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α, clearly showed aged-related increases, in corroboration with the NF-κB activation. Our results demonstrated that LPS injection caused the enhanced gene expression of inducible proinflammatory proteins, COX-2 and iNOS through NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735 Korea
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Han JY, Cho JH, Kwon HJ, Nam KJ. Predicting portal hypertension as assessed by acoustic radiation force impulse: correlations with the Doppler ultrasound. Br J Radiol 2012; 85:e404-9. [PMID: 22815421 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/74648924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the value of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) for evaluating portal hypertension by correlating the elasticity of liver cirrhosis, as measured by ARFI, with haemodynamic indices measured by Doppler ultrasound. METHODS We evaluated the data of a total of 154 prospectively enrolled patients who underwent both duplex Doppler ultrasound and ARFI imaging. The duplex Doppler ultrasound indices, including the mean portal vein velocity, splenic index (SI) and splenoportal index (SPI) were evaluated to determine the statistical correlation with shear wave velocity (SWV) of ARFI. We also analysed the differences in the correlations between the SI, SPI and SWV of the group who had varices. The correlations were assessed with Spearman's rank correlation coefficients. RESULTS There was an increase of SWV in parallel with the increase of the SI (ρ=0.409, p<0.01) and SPI (ρ=0.451, p<0.01). In the patient group who did not have varices (n=74), the Doppler indices were found to be more correlated with the SWV (SI: ρ=0.447, SPI: ρ=0.552, p<0.01). However, the group with varices showed no correlation between the SWV and the Doppler parameters. CONCLUSION SWV of ARFI was well correlated statistically with Doppler parameters, but is of limited value in predicting portal hypertension directly owing to great variability of Doppler parameters. By evaluating the correlation between ARFI and Doppler ultrasound, we suggest that the SWV might be a non-invasive supplementary tool for predicting portal hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-Y Han
- Department of Radiology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Park SY, Kwon HJ, Choi Y, Lee HE, Kim SW, Kim JH, Kim IA, Jung N, Cho NY, Kang GH. P1-05-04: Distinct Patterns of Promoter CpG Island Methylation of Breast Cancer Subtype Are Associated with Different Stem Cell Phenotype. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p1-05-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Although DNA methylation profiles in breast cancer have been connected to breast cancer molecular subtype, there have been no studies of the association of DNA methylation with stem cell phenotype. This study was designed to evaluate promoter CpG islands methylation of 15 genes with regard to breast cancer subtype and to investigate whether the patterns of CpG island methylation in each subtype are associated with cancer stem cell phenotype represented by CD44+/CD24- or ALDH1 expression.
Methods: We performed MethyLight analysis for the methylation status of 15 promoter CpG island loci involved in breast cancer progression (APC, DLEC1, GRIN2B, GSTP1, HOXA1, HOXA10, IGF2, MT1G, RARB, RASSF1A, RUNX3, SCGB3A1, SFRP1, SFRP4, and TMEFF2) and determined cancer stem cell phenotype by CD44/CD24 and ALDH1 immunohistochmeistry in 36 luminal A, 33 luminal B, 30 luminal-HER2, 40 HER2 enriched, and 40 basal-like subtypes of breast cancer.
Results: The number of CpG island loci methylated was significantly different among subtypes and it was highest in luminal-HER2 subtype and lowest in basal-like subtype. Methylation frequencies and levels in 12 out of the 15 genes were significantly different among all subtypes and basal-like subtype showed significantly lower methylation frequencies and levels in nine genes, compared to luminal A, luminal B, HER2 enriched, and luminal-HER2 subtypes. CD44+/CD24- or ALDH1+ putative stem cell populations were most enriched in basal-like subtype. The methylation of promoter CpG islands was significantly lower in CD44+/CD24-cell (+) tumors, compared to CD44+/CD24-cell (−) tumors, even within the basal-like subtype. ALDH1 (+) tumors also had significantly lower methylation, compared to ALDH1 (−) tumors.
Conclusions: Our findings showed that promoter CpG island methylation was significantly different according to breast cancer subtype and stem cell phenotype of tumor, suggesting that breast cancers have different methylation patterns according to molecular subtypes and it is associated with stem cell phenotypes of the tumor.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-05-04.
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Affiliation(s)
- SY Park
- 1Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Seoul National University Hospital; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University
| | - HJ Kwon
- 1Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Seoul National University Hospital; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University
| | - Y Choi
- 1Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Seoul National University Hospital; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University
| | - HE Lee
- 1Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Seoul National University Hospital; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University
| | - S-W Kim
- 1Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Seoul National University Hospital; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University
| | - JH Kim
- 1Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Seoul National University Hospital; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University
| | - IA Kim
- 1Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Seoul National University Hospital; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University
| | - N Jung
- 1Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Seoul National University Hospital; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University
| | - N-Y Cho
- 1Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Seoul National University Hospital; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University
| | - GH Kang
- 1Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Seoul National University Hospital; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University
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Lee SY, Kwon HJ, Ahn HS, Seo KY, Kim EK, Kim TI. Comparison of patient outcomes after implantation of Visian toric implantable collamer lens and iris-fixated toric phakic intraocular lens. Eye (Lond) 2011; 25:1409-17. [PMID: 21852802 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2011.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We compared visual and refractive outcomes after implantation of Visian toric implantable collamer lenses (toric ICLs) and iris-fixated toric pIOLs (toric Artisans). PATIENTS AND METHODS A comparative retrospective analysis was performed. Toric ICLs were implanted into 30 eyes of 18 patients, and toric Artisans into 31 eyes of 22 recipients. We measured the logarithms of the minimum angle of resolution of uncorrected visual acuity (logMAR UCVA), logMAR of best spectacle-corrected corrected VA (logMAR BSCVA), MR, SE, and astigmatism (by the power vector method) before surgery and 1, 3, and 6 months thereafter. Differences between patients receiving each type of lens were compared by using a mixed model of repeated measures. RESULTS Visual improvements were evident after operation in both groups. By comparing the attempted to the achieved SE values, we were able to confirm that correction of refractive error was similar in both groups. However, the logMAR UCVA was significantly higher in the toric ICL group at all postoperative time points. Although manifest cylinder power and astigmatism (calculated by using the power vector method) gradually decreased in the toric ICL group, cylinder power 1 month postoperatively increased from -2.62 to -2.75 D; astigmatism was also increased at this time in the toric Artisan group. CONCLUSION The two tested toric pIOLs were similar in terms of the ability to correct refractive error, as assessed 3 months postoperatively. However toric ICLs corrected astigmatism more rapidly and safely. Notably, the large difference in astigmatism level between the two groups 1 month postoperatively indicates that toric ICLs are more effective when used to correct astigmatism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim S, Kwon HJ, Lee S, Shim H, Chun Y, Choi W, Kwack J, Han D, Song M, Kim S, Mohammadi S, Kee I, Lee SY. Low-power flexible organic light-emitting diode display device. Adv Mater 2011; 23:3511-6. [PMID: 21735486 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201101066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunkook Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, San # 14-1 Nongseo-do, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-712, Korea.
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Kim SH, Kwon HJ, Cho JH, Lee SW, Rha SH, Choi J, Nam KJ. Atypical radiological features of a leiomyosarcoma that arose from the ovarian vein and mimicked a vascular tumour. Br J Radiol 2010; 83:e95-7. [PMID: 20418463 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/50917539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Leiomyosarcomas of the ovarian vein are extremely rare tumours. Most tumours are hypervascular and typically have a large avascular centre of necrosis. We experienced a case of a retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma that arose from the ovarian vein with marked vascular proliferation and dilatation within the tumour. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of a retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma with an atypical vascular structure in the clinical literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Kim
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Dongdaesin-dong, Seo-gu, Busan South Korea
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Hong IS, Park BS, Jang JH, Kwon HJ, Cho YS, Hwang YS. Design and construction of a compact microwave proton source for a proton linac. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:02A314. [PMID: 20192335 DOI: 10.1063/1.3271170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A 100 MeV, 20 mA proton linear accelerator is being developed by the Proton Engineering Frontier Project at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute. 20 MeV acceleration system using radio frequency quadrupole and drift tube linac was already developed and has been tested. To operate this acceleration system with a long time, more reliable proton source is needed. A compact microwave proton source was proposed and has been designed and constructed as a prototype ion source for the 100 MeV proton linear accelerator. The design of microwave power injection system is based on the microwave proton injector at LANL and CEA. The wave power from a 2.45 GHz, 2 kW magnetron source is introduced into a compact plasma chamber with 7 cm diameter and 5 cm length through a standard tapered, double-ridged waveguide (WRD250) and a quartz window. The microwave power supply is installed on high voltage platform. Axial magnetic fields up to 1 kG can be provided with a water-cooled solenoid coil. A single-hole three electrode extraction system is designed for an extraction current up to 30 mA at a 50 kV extraction voltage. The design and initial operations of the proton source are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Hong
- Proton Engineering Frontier Project, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea.
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Park HW, Wang JH, Kim JU, Koo SW, Kwon HJ, Jang YJ. Does isoflurane enhance rhinovirus replication and virus-induced cytokine secretion in airway epithelial cells? Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2008; 52:1046-50. [PMID: 18840102 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2008.01691.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been no previous studies regarding the effect of volatile anesthetics on human rhinovirus (RV) infection in airway epithelial cells of patients with an upper respiratory infection (URI). We have therefore evaluated in vitro the effect of isoflurane on RV infection in airway epithelial cells. METHODS A549 cells and RV-infected A549 cells were treated with isoflurane for 2 or 4 h. Surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was assessed by flow cytometry, and effects on the secretion of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 were measured by ELISA. The effect on RV replication in the cells was determined by viral titer. RESULTS Isoflurane treatment for 2 or 4 h had no significant effect on ICAM-1 expression and secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 in control cells. Isoflurane also had no significant additional effect on RV-induced ICAM-1 expression and secretion of IL-6 and IL-8. Viral titers were not significantly influenced by isoflurane. CONCLUSION Isoflurane treatment showed no additional effects with RV on ICAM-1 expression, secretion of IL-6 and IL-8, and viral titer in A549 cells. These results suggest that isoflurane itself may not increase further RV infections, inflammations, and viral replication in patients with a viral URI.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-W Park
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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