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Pham CT, Hashemi K, Hedayati B, Csuka E, Babadjouni A, Mamaghani T, Wikenheiser J, Juhasz M, Atanaskova Mesinkovska N. Measurement and quantification of cadaveric nasal hairs. Int J Dermatol 2021; 61:e456-e457. [PMID: 34636419 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine T Pham
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kiana Hashemi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Bobak Hedayati
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ella Csuka
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Arash Babadjouni
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.,Midwestern University, Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Tiana Mamaghani
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jamie Wikenheiser
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Margit Juhasz
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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Vernez SL, Okhunov Z, Wikenheiser J, Khoyilar C, Dutta R, Osann K, Kaler K, Lee TK, Clayman RV, Landman J. Precise Characterization and 3-Dimensional Reconstruction of the Autonomic Nerve Distribution of the Human Ureter. J Urol 2016; 197:723-729. [PMID: 27639714 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.08.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to characterize and 3-dimensionally reconstruct the distribution of the autonomic innervation of the human ureter. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three male and 3 female pairs of ureters were evaluated at 2 mm serial transverse sections along the entire length of the ureter. The location of nerve tissue was immunohistochemically identified using the neuronal marker, S100 protein. ImageJ software was used to calculate nerve count and density in the adventitia and smooth muscle. Blender® graphics software was used to create a 3-dimensional reconstruction of autonomic nerve distribution. RESULTS Within the adventitia nerve density was highest in the mid and distal ureter (females 2.87 and 2.71 nerves per mm2, and males 1.68 and 1.69 nerves per mm2) relative to the proximal ureter (females and males 1.94 and 1.22 nerves per mm2, respectively, p >0.0005). Females had significantly higher nerve density throughout the adventitia, especially in the distal ureter (2.87 vs 1.68 nerves per mm2, p <0.0005). In smooth muscle the nerve density progressively increased from the proximal to the distal ureter (p >0.0005). Smooth muscle nerve density was similar in the 2 genders (p = 0.928). However, in females nerve density was significantly higher in the first 2 cm of the distal ureter relative to the second 2 cm (3.6 vs 1.5 nerves per mm2, p <0.001) but not in males (3.0 vs 2.1 nerves per mm2, p = 0.126). CONCLUSIONS Nerve density was highly concentrated at the distal ureter in the adventitia and smooth muscle of the male and female human ureters. The female ureter had greater nerve density in the adventitia, and in smooth muscle nerves were significantly concentrated at the ureteral orifice and the ureteral tunnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone L Vernez
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Zhamshid Okhunov
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Jamie Wikenheiser
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Cyrus Khoyilar
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Rahul Dutta
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Kathryn Osann
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Kamaljot Kaler
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Thomas K Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Ralph V Clayman
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Jaime Landman
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California.
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Santos R, Kawauchi S, Jacobs RE, Lopez-Burks ME, Choi H, Wikenheiser J, Hallgrimsson B, Jamniczky HA, Fraser SE, Lander AD, Calof AL. Conditional Creation and Rescue of Nipbl-Deficiency in Mice Reveals Multiple Determinants of Risk for Congenital Heart Defects. PLoS Biol 2016; 14:e2000197. [PMID: 27606604 PMCID: PMC5016002 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2000197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the causes of congenital heart defects is made difficult by the complex morphogenesis of the mammalian heart, which takes place early in development, involves contributions from multiple germ layers, and is controlled by many genes. Here, we use a conditional/invertible genetic strategy to identify the cell lineage(s) responsible for the development of heart defects in a Nipbl-deficient mouse model of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome, in which global yet subtle transcriptional dysregulation leads to development of atrial septal defects (ASDs) at high frequency. Using an approach that allows for recombinase-mediated creation or rescue of Nipbl deficiency in different lineages, we uncover complex interactions between the cardiac mesoderm, endoderm, and the rest of the embryo, whereby the risk conferred by genetic abnormality in any one lineage is modified, in a surprisingly non-additive way, by the status of others. We argue that these results are best understood in the context of a model in which the risk of heart defects is associated with the adequacy of early progenitor cell populations relative to the sizes of the structures they must eventually form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaysela Santos
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America.,Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Shimako Kawauchi
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America.,Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Russell E Jacobs
- Biological Imaging Center, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America
| | - Martha E Lopez-Burks
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America.,Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Hojae Choi
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Jamie Wikenheiser
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Benedikt Hallgrimsson
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Heather A Jamniczky
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Scott E Fraser
- Departments of Biology and Bioengineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Arthur D Lander
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America.,Biological Imaging Center, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America
| | - Anne L Calof
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America.,Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
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Ben-Chaim J, Hidas G, Wikenheiser J, Landau EH, Wehbi E, Kelly MS, McLorie GA, Khoury AE. Kelly procedure for exstrophy or epispadias patients: Anatomical description of the pudendal neurovasculature. J Pediatr Urol 2016; 12:173.e1-6. [PMID: 26947891 PMCID: PMC5922430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adequate penile length in males with bladder exstrophy or epispadias is a major challenge. Kelly previously described a surgical technique of a single stage reconstruction for patients with exstrophy or epispadias that potentially achieves significant penile lengthening by completely detaching the insertion of the corpora cavernosa from the ischiopubic rami. However, because of the possibility of damage to the pudendal neurovascular supply that may lead to partial or complete penile loss, this technique has not gained popularity. The aim of this study is to describe the surgical anatomic relationship of the pudendal neurovascular bundle (NVB) to the ischiopubic rami and to determine a safer approach to dissection during the Kelly procedure. METHODS We performed meticulous dissection in three formalin-fixed and one fresh adult male cadavers to demonstrate the anatomical relationships between the pudendal neurovascular supply of the penis and the cavernosal insertion to the ischiopubic ramus. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We demonstrated the relationships and distance between the NVB and the area of separation between the crus and the ischiopubic ramus at the level of the periosteum. The insertion of the crus to the ischiopubic ramus is inferior lateral, whereas the NVB lies at a superior medial position. This anatomical relationship is best visualized when the dissection is carried out starting from the distal portion of the NVB and proceeding proximally. This area of the periosteum is avascular and the NVB can be preserved safely as long as the dissection is conducted at that subperiosteal level. Based on this cadaver dissection study, we suppose that detaching the corporal cavernosa from the pubic bones at the subperiosteal level allows for a safe distance to be maintained from the pudendal nerve at all times. We believe that if a surgeon performs the dissection inferiorly and laterally, the corpora cavernosa can be safely detached from the ischiopubic ramus and injury to the pudendal vessels and nerve can be avoided. However, it must be noted that there are limitations to applying the results from this study of normal, adult cadavers to the anatomy of children and adolescents with exstrophy or epispadias, who form the largest proportion of patients who are candidates for this procedure. CONCLUSION This anatomical study demonstrates the relationship between the pudendal NVB, the crus, and the ischiopubic ramus. We demonstrated how the separation of the crus from the ischiopubic periosteum might be performed more safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Ben-Chaim
- Hadassah Medical Center, Department of Urology, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Guy Hidas
- Hadassah Medical Center, Department of Urology, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jamie Wikenheiser
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Urology, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Ezekiel H Landau
- Hadassah Medical Center, Department of Urology, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Elias Wehbi
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Urology, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Maryellen S Kelly
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Urology, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Gordon A McLorie
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Urology, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Antoine E Khoury
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Urology, Orange, CA, USA.
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Spradling K, Khoyilar C, Abedi G, Okhunov Z, Wikenheiser J, Yoon R, Huang J, Youssef RF, Ghoniem G, Landman J. Redefining the Autonomic Nerve Distribution of the Bladder Using 3-Dimensional Image Reconstruction. J Urol 2015; 194:1661-7. [PMID: 26003207 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to create a 3-dimensional reconstruction of the autonomic nervous tissue innervating the bladder using male and female cadaver histopathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS We obtained bladder tissue from a male and a female cadaver. Axial cross sections of the bladder were generated at 3 to 5 mm intervals and stained with S100 protein. We recorded the distance between autonomic nerves and bladder mucosa. We manually demarcated nerve tracings using ImageScope software (Aperio, Vista, California), which we imported into Blender™ graphics software to generate 3-dimensional reconstructions of autonomic nerve anatomy. RESULTS Mean nerve density ranged from 0.099 to 0.602 and 0.012 to 0.383 nerves per mm2 in female and male slides, respectively. The highest concentrations of autonomic innervation were located in the posterior aspect of the bladder neck in the female specimen and in the posterior region of the prostatic urethra in the male specimen. Nerve density at all levels of the proximal urethra and bladder neck was significantly higher in posterior vs anterior regions in female specimens (0.957 vs 0.169 nerves per mm2, p<0.001) and male specimens (0.509 vs 0.206 nerves per mm2, p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS Novel 3-dimensional reconstruction of the bladder is feasible and may help redefine our understanding of human bladder innervation. Autonomic innervation of the bladder is highly focused in the posterior aspect of the proximal urethra and bladder neck in male and female bladders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Spradling
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Cyrus Khoyilar
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Garen Abedi
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Zhamshid Okhunov
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Jamie Wikenheiser
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Renai Yoon
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ramy F Youssef
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Gamal Ghoniem
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Jaime Landman
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California.
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6
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Wikenheiser J, Karunamuni G, Sloter E, Walker MK, Roy D, Wilson DL, Watanabe M. Altering HIF-1α through 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure affects coronary vessel development. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2013; 13:161-7. [PMID: 23264063 PMCID: PMC3632717 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-012-9194-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Differential tissue hypoxia drives normal cardiogenic events including coronary vessel development. This requirement renders cardiogenic processes potentially susceptible to teratogens that activate a transcriptional pathway that intersects with the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1) pathway. The potent toxin 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is known to cause cardiovascular defects by way of reduced myocardial hypoxia, inhibition of angiogenic stimuli, and alterations in responsiveness of endothelial cells to those stimuli. Our working hypothesis is that HIF-1 levels and thus HIF-1 signaling in the developing myocardium will be reduced by TCDD treatment in vivo during a critical stage and in particularly sensitive sites during heart morphogenesis. This inadequate HIF-1 signaling will subsequently result in outflow tract (OFT) and coronary vasculature defects. Our current data using the chicken embryo model showed a marked decrease in the intensity of immunostaining for HIF-1α nuclear expression in the OFT myocardium of TCDD-treated embryos. This area at the base of the OFT is particularly hypoxic during normal development; where endothelial cells initially form a concentrated anastomosing network known as the peritruncal ring; and where the left and right coronary arteries eventually connect to the aortic lumen. Consistent with this finding, anomalies of the proximal coronaries were detected after TCDD treatment and HIF-1α protein levels decreased in a TCDD dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Wikenheiser
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 1001 Health Sciences Rd, 306D Med Surg II, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Ganga Karunamuni
- Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, 2101 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, OH 44106-6011 USA
| | - Eddie Sloter
- WIL Research, 1407 George Rd, Ashland, OH 44805 USA
| | - Mary K. Walker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, 2502 Marble NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
| | - Debashish Roy
- BioInvision Inc, 781 Beta Dr. Ste E, Cleveland, OH 44143 USA
| | - David L. Wilson
- BioInvision Inc, 781 Beta Dr. Ste E, Cleveland, OH 44143 USA
| | - Michiko Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, 2101 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, OH 44106-6011 USA
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7
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Lusch A, Leary R, Heidari E, Wikenheiser J, Landman J. 618 INTRA AND EXTRA-RENAL AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM REDEFINED. J Urol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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8
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Karunamuni G, Yang K, Doughman YQ, Wikenheiser J, Bader D, Barnett J, Austin A, Parsons-Wingerter P, Watanabe M. Expression of lymphatic markers during avian and mouse cardiogenesis. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2010; 293:259-70. [PMID: 19938109 DOI: 10.1002/ar.21043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The adult heart has been reported to have an extensive lymphatic system, yet the development of this important system during cardiogenesis is still largely unexplored. The nuclear-localized transcription factor Prox-1 identified a sheet of Prox-1-positive cells on the developing aorta and pulmonary trunk in avian and murine embryos just before septation of the four heart chambers. The cells coalesced into a branching lymphatic network that spread within the epicardium to cover the heart. These vessels eventually expressed the lymphatic markers LYVE-1, VEGFR-3, and podoplanin. Before the Prox-1-positive cells were detected in the mouse epicardium, LYVE-1, a homologue of the CD44 glycoprotein, was primarily expressed in individual epicardial cells. Similar staining patterns were observed for CD44 in avian embryos. The proximity of these LYVE-1/CD44-positive mesenchymal cells to Prox-1-positive vessels suggests that they may become incorporated into the lymphatics. Unexpectedly, we detected LYVE-1/PECAM/VEGFR-3-positive vessels within the embryonic and adult myocardium, which remained Prox-1/podoplanin-negative. Lymphatic markers were surprisingly found in adult rat and embryonic mouse epicardial cell lines, with Prox-1 also exhibiting nuclear-localized expression in primary cultures of embryonic avian epicardial cells. Our data identified three types of cells in the embryonic heart expressing lymphatic markers: (1) Prox-1-positive cells from an extracardiac source that migrate within the serosa of the outflow tract into the epicardium of the developing heart, (2) individual LYVE-1-positive cells in the epicardium that may be incorporated into the Prox-1-positive lymphatic vasculature, and (3) LYVE-1-positive cells/vessels in the myocardium that do not become Prox-1-positive even in the adult heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganga Karunamuni
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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9
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Wikenheiser J, Wolfram JA, Gargesha M, Yang K, Karunamuni G, Wilson DL, Semenza GL, Agani F, Fisher SA, Ward N, Watanabe M. Altered hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha expression levels correlate with coronary vessel anomalies. Dev Dyn 2010; 238:2688-700. [PMID: 19777592 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.22089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The outflow tract myocardium and other regions corresponding to the location of the major coronary vessels of the developing chicken heart, display a high level of hypoxia as assessed by the hypoxia indicator EF5. The EF5-positive tissues were also specifically positive for nuclear-localized hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1alpha), the oxygen-sensitive component of the hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) heterodimer. This led to our hypothesis that there is a "template" of hypoxic tissue that determines the stereotyped pattern of the major coronary vessels. In this study, we disturbed this template by altering ambient oxygen levels (hypoxia 15%; hyperoxia 75-40%) during the early phases of avian coronary vessel development, in order to alter tissue hypoxia, HIF-1alpha protein expression, and its downstream target genes without high mortality. We also altered HIF-1alpha gene expression in the embryonic outflow tract cardiomyocytes by injecting an adenovirus containing a constitutively active form of HIF-1alpha (AdCA5). We assayed for coronary anomalies using anti-alpha-smooth muscle actin immunohistology. When incubated under abnormal oxygen levels or injected with a low titer of the AdCA5, coronary arteries displayed deviations from their normal proximal connections to the aorta. These deviations were similar to known clinical anomalies of coronary arteries. These findings indicated that developing coronary vessels may be subject to a level of regulation that is dependent on differential oxygen levels within cardiac tissues and subsequent HIF-1 regulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Wikenheiser
- Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-6011, USA.
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10
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Watanabe M, Karunamuni G, Yang K, Doughman YQ, Wikenheiser J, Bader D, Barnett J, Austin A, Parsons‐Wingerter P. Lymphangiogenesis in the heart. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.636.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Joey Barnett
- PharmacologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN
| | - Anita Austin
- PharmacologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN
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11
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Wikenheiser J, Walker MK, Watanabe M. 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD) reduces hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 alpha nuclear localization within cardiac tissues during chick embryo development. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a200-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Wikenheiser
- PediatricsCase Western Reserve Univ2101 Adelbert Rd, RB&C Hospital, Room 8611ClevelandOH44106
| | - Mary K Walker
- PharmacyUniversity of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, 1 University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM87131
| | - Michiko Watanabe
- PediatricsCase Western Reserve Univ2101 Adelbert Rd, RB&C Hospital, Room 8611ClevelandOH44106
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12
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Wikenheiser J, Karunamuni G, Yang K, Agani F, Watanabe M. Altered hypoxia inducible factor‐1 alpha levels correlate with major coronary vessel defects. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a232-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Wikenheiser
- PediatricsCase Western Reserve Univ2101 Adelbert Rd, RB&C Hospital, Room 8611ClevelandOH44106
| | - Ganga Karunamuni
- PediatricsCase Western Reserve Univ2101 Adelbert Rd, RB&C Hospital, Room 8611ClevelandOH44106
| | - Ke Yang
- PediatricsCase Western Reserve Univ2101 Adelbert Rd, RB&C Hospital, Room 8611ClevelandOH44106
| | - Faton Agani
- AnatomyCase Western Reserve Univ11100 Euclid AveClevelandOH44106
| | - Michiko Watanabe
- PediatricsCase Western Reserve Univ2101 Adelbert Rd, RB&C Hospital, Room 8611ClevelandOH44106
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13
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Karunamuni G, Wikenheiser J, Parsons‐Wingerter P, Watanabe M. Lymphatics of the Avian Embryonic Heart. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a230-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganga Karunamuni
- Case Western Reserve University2101 Adelbert Rd., RB&C Hospital, Room 8611ClevelandOH44106
| | - Jamie Wikenheiser
- Case Western Reserve University2101 Adelbert Rd., RB&C Hospital, Room 8611ClevelandOH44106
| | | | - Michiko Watanabe
- Case Western Reserve University2101 Adelbert Rd., RB&C Hospital, Room 8611ClevelandOH44106
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14
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Abstract
Tissue hypoxia plays a critical role in normal development, including cardiogenesis. Previously, we showed that oxygen concentration, as assessed by the hypoxia indicator EF5, is lowest in the outflow tract (OFT) myocardium of the developing chicken heart and may be regulating events in OFT morphogenesis. In this study, we identified additional areas of the embryonic chicken heart that were intensely positive for EF5 within the myocardium in discrete regions of the atrial wall and the interventricular septum (IVS). The region of the IVS that is EF5-positive includes a portion of the developing central conduction system identified by HNK-1 co-immunostaining. The EF5 positive tissues were also specifically positive for nuclear-localized hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha), the oxygen-sensitive component of the hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) heterodimer. The pattern of the most intensely EF5-stained myocardial regions of the atria and IVS resemble the pattern of the major coronary vessels that form in later stages within or immediately adjacent to these particular regions. These vessels include the sinoatrial nodal artery that is a branch of the right coronary artery within the atrial wall and the anterior/posterior interventricular vessels of the IVS. These findings indicate that a portion of the developing central conduction system and the patterning of coronary vessels may be subject to a level of regulation that is dependent on differential oxygen concentration within cardiac tissues and subsequent HIF-1 regulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Wikenheiser
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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