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Wenzel JO, Werner J, Allgaier A, van Slageren J, Fernández I, Unterreiner AN, Breher F. Visible-Light Activation of Diorganyl Bis(pyridylimino) Isoindolide Aluminum(III) Complexes and Their Organometallic Radical Reactivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402885. [PMID: 38511969 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis and characterization of a series of (mostly) air-stable diorganyl bis(pyridylimino) isoindolide (BPI) aluminum complexes and their chemistry upon visible-light excitation. The redox non-innocent BPI pincer ligand allows for efficient charge transfer homolytic processes of the title compounds. This makes them a universal platform for the generation of carbon-centered radicals. The photo-induced homolytic cleavage of the Al-C bonds was investigated by means of stationary and transient UV/Vis spectroscopy, spin trapping experiments, as well as EPR and NMR spectroscopy. The experimental findings were supported by quantum chemical calculations. Reactivity studies enabled the utilization of the aluminum complexes as reactants in tin-free Giese-type reactions and carbonyl alkylations under ambient conditions, which both indicated radical-polar crossover behavior. A deeper understanding of the physical fundamentals and photochemical process was provided, furnishing in turn a new strategy to control the reactivity of bench-stable aluminum organometallics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas O Wenzel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (AOC), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Johannes Werner
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexander Allgaier
- University of Stuttgart, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- University of Stuttgart, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Israel Fernández
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreas-Neil Unterreiner
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Frank Breher
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (AOC), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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2
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Bunjaku O, Florenski J, Wischnat J, Klemm E, Safonova OV, van Slageren J, Estes DP. Understanding the Reducibility of CeO 2 Surfaces by Proton-Electron Transfer from CpCr(CO) 3H. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:7512-7519. [PMID: 38598679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
CeO2 is a popular material in heterogeneous catalysis, molecular sensors, and electronics and owes many of its special properties to the redox activity of Ce, present as both Ce3+ and Ce4+. However, the reduction of CeO2 with H2 (thought to occur through proton-electron transfer (PET) giving Ce3+ and new OH bonds) is poorly understood due to the high reduction temperatures necessary and the ill-defined nature of the hydrogen atom sources typically used. We have previously shown that transition-metal hydrides with weak M-H bonds react with reducible metal oxides at room temperature by PET. Here, we show that CpCr(CO)3H (1) transfers protons and electrons to CeO2 due to its weak Cr-H bond. We can titrate CeO2 with 1 and measure not only the number of surface Ce3+ sites formed (in agreement with X-ray absorption spectroscopy) but also the lower limit of the hydrogen atom adsorption free energy (HAFE). The results match the extent of reduction achieved from H2 treatment and hydrogen spillover on CeO2 in a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Bunjaku
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, DE-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jan Florenski
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, DE-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jonathan Wischnat
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, DE-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Elias Klemm
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, DE-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Olga V Safonova
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, DE-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Deven P Estes
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, DE-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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3
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Suhr S, Hunger D, Walter RRM, Köhn A, van Slageren J, Sarkar B. Air-Stable Dinuclear Complexes of Four-Coordinate Zn II and Ni II Ions with a Radical Bridge: A Detailed Look at Redox Activity and Antiferromagnetic Coupling. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:6042-6050. [PMID: 38502792 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Air-stable dinuclear complexes [(bmsab)NiII(tmsab)NiII(bmsab)]3- and [(bmsab)ZnII(tmsab)ZnII(bmsab)]3- (bmsab = bis(methanesulfoneamido)benzene, tmsab = tetra(methanesulfonamido)benzene) were prepared via a synthetic route based on heteroleptic precursor complexes. The new complexes combine a distorted tetrahedral coordination environment with an open-shell bridging ligand. The ZnII species was subjected to a detailed investigation of the (spectro-)electrochemical processes. The NiII species is a rare example of a complex that combines strong exchange coupling (J > 440 cm-1) with pronounced positive zero-field splitting (D = +72 cm-1). Combining SQUID magnetometry and (HF)EPR spectroscopy with ab initio calculations allowed for accurate quantification of the exchange interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Suhr
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - David Hunger
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Robert R M Walter
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Andreas Köhn
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
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4
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Tesi L, Boudalis AK, Drerup K, Ruben M, van Slageren J. Matrix effects on the magnetic properties of a molecular spin triangle embedded in a polymeric film. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:8043-8050. [PMID: 38385559 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05845j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Molecular triangles with competing Heisenberg interactions and significant Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions (DMI) exhibit high environmental sensitivity, making them potential candidates for active elements for quantum sensing. Additionally, these triangles exhibit magnetoelectric coupling, allowing their properties to be controlled using electric fields. However, the manipulation and deposition of such complexes pose significant challenges. This work explores a solution by embedding iron-based molecular triangles in a polymer matrix, a strategy that offers various deposition methods. We investigate how the host matrix alters the magnetic properties of the molecular triangle, with specific focus on the magnetic anisotropy, aiming to advance its practical applications as quantum sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Tesi
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany.
| | - Athanassios K Boudalis
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg (UMR 7177, CNRS-Unistra), Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, Strasbourg F-67081, France.
| | - Katja Drerup
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany.
| | - Mario Ruben
- Centre Européen de Sciences Quantiques (CESQ) within the Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), 8 allée Gaspard Monge, BP 70028, 67083, Strasbourg, Cedex, France
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), and Institute for Quantum Materials and Technology (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Plats 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany.
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5
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Kitzmann WR, Hunger D, Reponen APM, Förster C, Schoch R, Bauer M, Feldmann S, van Slageren J, Heinze K. Electronic Structure and Excited-State Dynamics of the NIR-II Emissive Molybdenum(III) Analogue to the Molecular Ruby. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:15797-15808. [PMID: 37718553 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Photoactive chromium(III) complexes saw a conceptual breakthrough with the discovery of the prototypical molecular ruby mer-[Cr(ddpd)2]3+ (ddpd = N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-dipyridin-2-ylpyridine-2,6-diamine), which shows intense long-lived near-infrared (NIR) phosphorescence from metal-centered spin-flip states. In contrast to the numerous studies on chromium(III) photophysics, only 10 luminescent molybdenum(III) complexes have been reported so far. Here, we present the synthesis and characterization of mer-MoX3(ddpd) (1, X = Cl; 2, X = Br) and cisfac-[Mo(ddpd)2]3+ (cisfac-[3]3+), an isomeric heavy homologue of the prototypical molecular ruby. For cisfac-[3]3+, we found strong zero-field splitting using magnetic susceptibility measurements and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Electronic spectra covering the spin-forbidden transitions show that the spin-flip states in mer-1, mer-2, and cisfac-[3]3+ are much lower in energy than those in comparable chromium(III) compounds. While all three complexes show weak spin-flip phosphorescence in NIR-II, the emission of cisfac-[3]3+ peaking at 1550 nm is particularly low in energy. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy reveals a short excited-state lifetime of 1.4 ns, 6 orders of magnitude shorter than that of mer-[Cr(ddpd)2]3+. Using density functional theory and ab initio multireference calculations, we break down the reasons for this disparity and derive principles for the design of future stable photoactive molybdenum(III) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winald R Kitzmann
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Rowland Institute, Harvard University, 100 Edwin H. Land Boulevard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - David Hunger
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Antti-Pekka M Reponen
- Rowland Institute, Harvard University, 100 Edwin H. Land Boulevard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Christoph Förster
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Roland Schoch
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department and Centre for Sustainable Systems Design, Paderborn University, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Matthias Bauer
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department and Centre for Sustainable Systems Design, Paderborn University, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Sascha Feldmann
- Rowland Institute, Harvard University, 100 Edwin H. Land Boulevard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Schäfter D, Wischnat J, Tesi L, De Sousa JA, Little E, McGuire J, Mas-Torrent M, Rovira C, Veciana J, Tuna F, Crivillers N, van Slageren J. Molecular One- and Two-Qubit Systems with Very Long Coherence Times. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2302114. [PMID: 37289574 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
General-purpose quantum computation and quantum simulation require multi-qubit architectures with precisely defined, robust interqubit interactions, coupled with local addressability. This is an unsolved challenge, primarily due to scalability issues. These issues often derive from poor control over interqubit interactions. Molecular systems are promising materials for the realization of large-scale quantum architectures, due to their high degree of positionability and the possibility to precisely tailor interqubit interactions. The simplest quantum architecture is the two-qubit system, with which quantum gate operations can be implemented. To be viable, a two-qubit system must possess long coherence times, the interqubit interaction must be well defined and the two qubits must also be addressable individually within the same quantum manipulation sequence. Here results are presented on the investigation of the spin dynamics of chlorinated triphenylmethyl organic radicals, in particular the perchlorotriphenylmethyl (PTM) radical, a mono-functionalized PTM, and a biradical PTM dimer. Extraordinarily long ensemble coherence times up to 148 µs are found at all temperatures below 100 K. Two-qubit and, importantly, individual qubit addressability in the biradical system are demonstrated. These results underline the potential of molecular materials for the development of quantum architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Schäfter
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jonathan Wischnat
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Tesi
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Alejandro De Sousa
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
- Laboratorio de Electroquímica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Mérida, 5101, Venezuela
| | - Edmund Little
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jake McGuire
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marta Mas-Torrent
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Concepció Rovira
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Floriana Tuna
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Núria Crivillers
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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7
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Nößler M, Neuman NI, Böser L, Jäger R, Singha Hazari A, Hunger D, Pan Y, Lücke C, Bens T, van Slageren J, Sarkar B. Spin Crossover and Fluorine-Specific Interactions in Metal Complexes of Terpyridines with Polyfluorocarbon Tails. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301246. [PMID: 37191067 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In coordination chemistry and materials science, terpyridine ligands are of great interest, due to their ability to form stable complexes with a broad range of transition metal ions. We report three terpyridine ligands containing different perfluorocarbon (PFC) tails on the backbone and the corresponding FeII and CoII complexes. The CoII complexes display spin crossover close to ambient temperature, and the nature of this spin transition is influenced by the length of the PFC tail on the ligand backbone. The electrochemical properties of the metal complexes were investigated with cyclic voltammetry revealing one oxidation and several reduction processes. The fluorine-specific interactions were investigated by EPR measurements. Analysis of the EPR spectra of the complexes as microcrystalline powders and in solution reveals exchange-narrowed spectra without resolved hyperfine splittings arising from the 59 Co nucleus; this suggests complex aggregation in solution mediated by interactions of the PFC tails. Interestingly, addition of perfluoro-octanol in different ratios to the acetonitrile solution of the sample resulted in the disruption of the F ⋯ ${\cdots }$ F interactions of the tails. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first investigation of fluorine-specific interactions in metal complexes through EPR spectroscopy, as exemplified by exchange narrowing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maite Nößler
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicolás I Neuman
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química, INTEC, UNL-CONICET Predio CCT Conicet "Dr. Alberto Cassano", Colectora RN 168, Km 0, Paraje El Pozo, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Lisa Böser
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - René Jäger
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arijit Singha Hazari
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - David Hunger
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yixian Pan
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Clemens Lücke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tobias Bens
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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8
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Suhr S, Schröter N, Kleoff M, Neuman N, Hunger D, Walter R, Lücke C, Stein F, Demeshko S, Liu H, Reissig HU, van Slageren J, Sarkar B. Spin State in Homoleptic Iron(II) Terpyridine Complexes Influences Mixed Valency and Electrocatalytic CO 2 Reduction. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:6375-6386. [PMID: 37043797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Two homoleptic Fe(II) complexes in different spin states bearing superbasic terpyridine derivatives as ligands are investigated to determine the relationship between spin state and electrochemical/spectroscopic behavior. Antiferromagnetic coupling between a ligand-centered radical and the high-spin metal center leads to an anodic shift of the first reduction potential and results in a species that shows mixed valency with a moderately intense intervalence-charge-transfer band. The differences afforded by the different spin states extend to the electrochemical reactivity of the complexes: while the low-spin species is a precatalyst for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction and leads to the preferential formation of CO with a Faradaic efficiency of 37%, the high-spin species only catalyzes proton reduction at a modest Faradaic efficiency of approximately 20%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Suhr
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nicolai Schröter
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Merlin Kleoff
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicolas Neuman
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química - INTEC, UNL-CONICET, CCT-CONICET Santa Fe, S3000ZAA Santa Fe, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - David Hunger
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Robert Walter
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Clemens Lücke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Felix Stein
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hang Liu
- Institut für Technische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Reissig
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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9
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Nößler M, Jäger R, Hunger D, Reimann M, Bens T, Neuman NI, Hazari AS, Kaupp M, van Slageren J, Sarkar B. Electrochemistry and Spin‐Crossover Behavior of Fluorinated Terpyridine‐Based Co(II) and Fe(II) Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202300091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maite Nößler
- Freie Universitat Berlin Chemistry and Biochemistry GERMANY
| | - René Jäger
- Freie Universitat Berlin Chemistry and Biochemistry GERMANY
| | - David Hunger
- Universität Stuttgart: Universitat Stuttgart Institut für Physikalische Chemie GERMANY
| | - Marc Reimann
- Technische Universität Berlin: Technische Universitat Berlin Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Tobias Bens
- Universität Stuttgart: Universitat Stuttgart Institut für Anorganische Chemie GERMANY
| | | | - Arijit Singha Hazari
- Universität Stuttgart: Universitat Stuttgart Institut für Anorganische Chemie GERMANY
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Technische Universität Berlin: Technische Universitat Berlin Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Universität Stuttgart: Universitat Stuttgart Institut für Physikalische Chemie GERMANY
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Inorganic Chemistry Chemistry Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart GERMANY
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10
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Tesi L, Stemmler F, Winkler M, Liu SSY, Das S, Sun X, Zharnikov M, Ludwigs S, van Slageren J. Modular Approach to Creating Functionalized Surface Arrays of Molecular Qubits. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2208998. [PMID: 36609776 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The quest for developing quantum technologies is driven by the promise of exponentially faster computations, ultrahigh performance sensing, and achieving thorough understanding of many-particle quantum systems. Molecular spins are excellent qubit candidates because they feature long coherence times, are widely tunable through chemical synthesis, and can be interfaced with other quantum platforms such as superconducting qubits. A present challenge for molecular spin qubits is their integration in quantum devices, which requires arranging them in thin films or monolayers on surfaces. However, clear proof of the survival of quantum properties of molecular qubits on surfaces has not been reported so far. Furthermore, little is known about the change in spin dynamics of molecular qubits going from the bulk to monolayers. Here, a versatile bottom-up method is reported to arrange molecular qubits as functional groups of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on surfaces, combining molecular self-organization and click chemistry. Coherence times of up to 13 µs demonstrate that qubit properties are maintained or even enhanced in the monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Tesi
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Friedrich Stemmler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mario Winkler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sherri S Y Liu
- IPOC-Functional Polymers, Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Saunak Das
- Applied Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xiuming Sun
- IPOC-Functional Polymers, Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael Zharnikov
- Applied Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Ludwigs
- IPOC-Functional Polymers, Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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11
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Dorn M, Hunger D, Förster C, Naumann R, van Slageren J, Heinze K. Towards Luminescent Vanadium(II) Complexes with Slow Magnetic Relaxation and Quantum Coherence. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202898. [PMID: 36345821 PMCID: PMC10107508 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Molecular entities with doublet or triplet ground states find increasing interest as potential molecular quantum bits (qubits). Complexes with higher multiplicity might even function as qudits and serve to encode further quantum bits. Vanadium(II) ions in octahedral ligand fields with quartet ground states and small zero-field splittings qualify as qubits with optical read out thanks to potentially luminescent spin-flip states. We identified two V2+ complexes [V(ddpd)2 ]2+ with the strong field ligand N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-dipyridine-2-yl-pyridine-2,6-diamine (ddpd) in two isomeric forms (cis-fac and mer) as suitable candidates. The energy gaps between the two lowest Kramers doublets amount to 0.2 and 0.5 cm-1 allowing pulsed EPR experiments at conventional Q-band frequencies (35 GHz). Both isomers possess spin-lattice relaxation times T1 of around 300 μs and a phase memory time TM of around 1 μs at 5 K. Furthermore, the mer isomer displays slow magnetic relaxation in an applied field of 400 mT. While the vanadium(III) complexes [V(ddpd)2 ]3+ are emissive in the near-IR-II region, the [V(ddpd)2 ]2+ complexes are non-luminescent due to metal-to-ligand charge transfer admixture to the spin-flip states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Dorn
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - David Hunger
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for, Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christoph Förster
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Robert Naumann
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for, Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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12
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Chandra S, Hazari AS, Song Q, Hunger D, Neuman NI, van Slageren J, Klemm E, Sarkar B. Remarkable Enhancement of Catalytic Activity of Cu-Complexes in the Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution Reaction by Using Triply Fused Porphyrin. ChemSusChem 2023; 16:e202201146. [PMID: 36173981 PMCID: PMC10107348 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A bimetallic triply fused copper(II) porphyrin complex (1) was prepared, comprising two monomeric porphyrin units linked through β-β, meso-meso, β'-β' triple covalent linkages and exhibiting remarkable catalytic activity for the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction in comparison to the analogous monomeric copper(II) porphyrin complex (2). Electrochemical investigations in the presence of a proton source (trifluoroacetic acid) confirmed that the catalytic activity of the fused metalloporphyrin occurred at a significantly lower overpotential (≈320 mV) compared to the non-fused monomer. Controlled potential electrolysis combined with kinetic analysis of catalysts 1 and 2 confirmed production of hydrogen, with 96 and 71 % faradaic efficiencies and turnover numbers of 102 and 18, respectively, with an observed rate constant of around 107 s-1 for the dicopper complex. The results thus firmly establish triply fused porphyrin ligands as outstanding candidates for generating highly stable and efficient molecular electrocatalysts in combination with earth-abundant 3d transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhadeep Chandra
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische KoordinationschemieInstitut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Arijit Singha Hazari
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische KoordinationschemieInstitut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Qian Song
- Institut für Technische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - David Hunger
- Institut für Physikalische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Nicolás. I. Neuman
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische KoordinationschemieInstitut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química CCTINTEC, UNL-CONICETPredio CONICET Santa Fe Dr. Alberto CassanoRuta Nacional N° 168, Km 0, Paraje El PozoS3000ZAASanta FeArgentina
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institut für Physikalische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Elias Klemm
- Institut für Technische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische KoordinationschemieInstitut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
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13
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Bolney R, Grosch M, Winkler M, van Slageren J, Weigand W, Robl C. Cover Feature: Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Pure Tochilinite‐like Materials from Nanoparticulate FeS (Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 23/2022). Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Bolney
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Mario Grosch
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Mario Winkler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Wolfgang Weigand
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Christian Robl
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany
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14
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Bolney R, Grosch M, Winkler M, van Slageren J, Weigand W, Robl C. Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Pure Tochilinite‐like Materials from Nanoparticulate FeS. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Bolney
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich-Schiller-University Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Mario Grosch
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich-Schiller-University Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Mario Winkler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Wolfgang Weigand
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich-Schiller-University Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Christian Robl
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich-Schiller-University Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany
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15
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Grosch M, Stiebritz MT, Bolney R, Winkler M, Jückstock E, Busch H, Peters S, Siegle AF, van Slageren J, Ribbe M, Hu Y, Trapp O, Robl C, Weigand W. Mackinawite‐Supported Reduction of C
1
Substrates into Prebiotically Relevant Precursors. ChemSystemsChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/syst.202200024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Grosch
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Martin T. Stiebritz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697-3900 United States
- Present address: Institute of Industrial Control Systems and Computing Universitat Politècnica de València Camino de Vera, s/n. 46022 Valencia Spain
| | - Robert Bolney
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Mario Winkler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry University of Stuttgart 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Eric Jückstock
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Hannah Busch
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Sophia Peters
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilians University Munich 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Alexander F. Siegle
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilians University Munich 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry University of Stuttgart 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Markus Ribbe
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697-3900 United States
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697-2025 United States
| | - Yilin Hu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697-3900 United States
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilians University Munich 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Christian Robl
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Wolfgang Weigand
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
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16
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Grosch M, Stiebritz MT, Bolney R, Winkler M, Jückstock E, Busch H, Peters S, Siegle AF, van Slageren J, Ribbe M, Hu Y, Trapp O, Robl C, Weigand W. Front Cover: Mackinawite‐Supported Reduction of C
1
Substrates into Prebiotically Relevant Precursors (ChemSystemsChem 5/2022). ChemSystemsChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/syst.202200025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Grosch
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Martin T. Stiebritz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697-3900 United States
- Present address: Institute of Industrial Control Systems and Computing Universitat Politècnica de València Camino de Vera, s/n. 46022 Valencia Spain
| | - Robert Bolney
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Mario Winkler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry University of Stuttgart 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Eric Jückstock
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Hannah Busch
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Sophia Peters
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilians University Munich 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Alexander F. Siegle
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilians University Munich 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry University of Stuttgart 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Markus Ribbe
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697-3900 United States
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697-2025 United States
| | - Yilin Hu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697-3900 United States
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilians University Munich 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Christian Robl
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Wolfgang Weigand
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
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17
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Ferreira PS, Malta JF, Bandeira NAG, Allgaier A, van Slageren J, Paixão JA, Almeida M, Pereira LCJ, Gomes PT. Enhancing SIM behaviour in a mononuclear tetrahedral [Co( N, N'-2-iminopyrrolyl) 2] complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9682-9685. [PMID: 35950347 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03511a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new homoleptic Co(II) complex bearing two highly sterically congested 2-formiminopyrrolyl N,N'-chelating ligands is reported, displaying slow relaxation of the magnetisation at zero static (DC) field. This compound shows a large value for the zero-field splitting (ZFS) parameter D of -42.6(4) cm-1 leading to a spin-reversal energy barrier Ueff of 85 cm-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia S Ferreira
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal. .,Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - José F Malta
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal. .,CFisUC - Centro de Física da Universidade de Coimbra, Departamento de Física, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-516, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno A G Bandeira
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Ed. C8, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Alexander Allgaier
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart, D-70569, Germany.
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart, D-70569, Germany.
| | - José A Paixão
- CFisUC - Centro de Física da Universidade de Coimbra, Departamento de Física, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-516, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuel Almeida
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - Laura C J Pereira
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - Pedro T Gomes
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal.
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18
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Borilovic I, Roubeau O, Le Guennic B, van Slageren J, Lenz S, Teat SJ, Aromí G. Three individually addressable spin qubits in a single molecule. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:7530-7533. [PMID: 35703317 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02495k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An asymmetric bis-phenol-β-diketone (H4L) has been designed as a ligand programmed to promote the assembly of a molecular arrangement composed of three magnetically exchanged [NiCu] pairs, each exhibiting an S = 1/2 spin. The latter are shown by EPR and magnetometry to be good qubit realizations and non-equivalent within the molecule in the solid state, as required for conditional quantum gates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Borilovic
- Departament de Química Inorgànica and IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Olivier Roubeau
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC and Universidad de Zaragoza, Plaza San Francisco s/n, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Samuel Lenz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Simon J Teat
- Advanced Light Source, Berkeley Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Guillem Aromí
- Departament de Química Inorgànica and IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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19
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Grosch M, Stiebritz MT, Bolney R, Winkler M, Jückstock E, Busch H, Peters S, Siegle AF, van Slageren J, Ribbe M, Hu Y, Trapp O, Robl C, Weigand W. Mackinawite supported reduction of C1 substrates into prebiotically relevant precursors. ChemSystemsChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/syst.202200010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Grosch
- Friedrich Schiller Universitat Jena Chemisch Geowissenschaftliche Fakultat IAAC GERMANY
| | - Martin T Stiebritz
- UC Irvine: University of California Irvine Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Robert Bolney
- Friedrich Schiller Universitat Jena Chemisch Geowissenschaftliche Fakultat IAAC GERMANY
| | - Mario Winkler
- Universität Stuttgart Fakultät 3 Chemie: Universitat Stuttgart Fakultat 3 Chemie IPC GERMANY
| | - Eric Jückstock
- Friedrich Schiller Universitat Jena Chemisch Geowissenschaftliche Fakultat IAAC GERMANY
| | - Hannah Busch
- Friedrich Schiller Universitat Jena Chemisch Geowissenschaftliche Fakultat IAAC GERMANY
| | - Sophia Peters
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen Fakultat fur Chemie und Pharmazie Department of Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Alexander F. Siegle
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen Fakultat fur Chemie und Pharmazie Department of Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Universität Stuttgart Fakultät 3 Chemie: Universitat Stuttgart Fakultat 3 Chemie IPC GERMANY
| | - Markus Ribbe
- UC Irvine: University of California Irvine Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry GERMANY
| | - Yilin Hu
- UC Irvine: University of California Irvine Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Fakultät für Geowissenschaften: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen Fakultat fur Geowissenschaften Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Christian Robl
- Friedrich Schiller Universitat Jena Chemisch Geowissenschaftliche Fakultat IAAC GERMANY
| | - Wolfgang Weigand
- Institut fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Friedrich-Schiller-Universitaet Jena Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena GERMANY
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20
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Wittwer B, Dickmann N, Berg S, Leitner D, Tesi L, Hunger D, Gratzl R, van Slageren J, Neuman NI, Munz D, Hohloch S. A mesoionic carbene complex of manganese in five oxidation states. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6096-6099. [PMID: 35503035 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00097k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction between a carbazole-based mesoionic carbene ligand and manganese(II) iodide results in the formation of a rare air-stable manganese(IV) complex after aerobic workup. Cyclic voltammetry reveals the complex to be stable in five oxidation states. The electronic structure of all five oxidation states is elucidated chemically, spectroscopically (NMR, high-frequency EPR, UV-Vis, MCD), magnetically, and computationally (DFT, CASSCF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Wittwer
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Nicole Dickmann
- University of Paderborn, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Stephan Berg
- University of Paderborn, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Daniel Leitner
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Lorenzo Tesi
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - David Hunger
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Raphael Gratzl
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nicolas I Neuman
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.,Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química, INTEC, UNL-CONICET, Predio CONICET Santa Fe Dr Alberto Cassano, Ruta Nacional No 168, Km 0 Paraje El Pozo, (S3000ZAA) Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Dominik Munz
- Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University Campus C4 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany. .,Inorganic and General Chemistry, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egelandstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephan Hohloch
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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21
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Boronski JT, Seed JA, Hunger D, Woodward AW, van Slageren J, Wooles AJ, Natrajan LS, Kaltsoyannis N, Liddle ST. Reply to: [{Th(C 8H 8)Cl 2} 3] 2- is stable but not aromatic. Nature 2022; 603:E21-E22. [PMID: 35322243 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Josef T Boronski
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - John A Seed
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David Hunger
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Adam W Woodward
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ashley J Wooles
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Louise S Natrajan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nikolas Kaltsoyannis
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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22
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Schnierle M, Winkler M, Filippou V, van Slageren J, Ringenberg M. (Spectro)Electrochemistry of 3‐(Pyrid‐2‐yl)‐s‐Tetrazine‐ or 1,2‐(dihydro)pyridazine Tricarbonylrhenium(I)chloride. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Schnierle
- University of Stuttgart Faculty of Chemistry: Universitat Stuttgart Fakultat 3 Chemie Institut für Anorganische Chemie GERMANY
| | - Mario Winkler
- Universität Stuttgart Fakultät 3 Chemie: Universitat Stuttgart Fakultat 3 Chemie Institut für Physikalische Chemie GERMANY
| | - Vasileios Filippou
- Universität Stuttgart Fakultät 3 Chemie: Universitat Stuttgart Fakultat 3 Chemie Institut für Anorganische Chemie GERMANY
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Universität Stuttgart Fakultät 3 Chemie: Universitat Stuttgart Fakultat 3 Chemie Institut für Physikalische Chemie GERMANY
| | - Mark Ringenberg
- Universität Stuttgart Institute für Anorganische Chemie Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart GERMANY
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23
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Lalioti N, Nastopoulos V, Panagiotou N, Tasiopoulos A, Ioannidis N, van Slageren J, Zhang P, Rajaraman G, Swain A, Tangoulis V. A nonsymmetric Dy 2 single-molecule magnet with two relaxation processes triggered by an external magnetic field: a theoretical and integrated EPR study of the role of magnetic-site dilution. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:1985-1994. [PMID: 35029246 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt04089h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The 1 : 2 reaction between Dy(O2CMe)3·4H2O and 1-acetyl-2-napthol (LH) in MeOH has provided access to the complex [Dy2L6(MeOH)]·MeOH (1·MeOH) in a good yield. The structures of the isomorphous complex 1·MeOH and its doped diamagnetic yttrium analogue [Dy0.14Y1.86L6(MeOH)]·MeOH (Dy@Y2) have been determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography and characterized based on elemental analyses, IR spectra, and powder X-ray patterns. Combined dc and ac magnetic susceptibility and the magnetization data for 1 suggest that this complex shows slow magnetic relaxation. Under a 0 Oe dc field, a single relaxation mechanism is seen while two magnetization relaxation processes are evident under a 1500 G external magnetic field. The fit to the Arrhenius law has been performed using the 1.8-10 K ac data, affording an effective barrier for the magnetization reversal of 13 K and 7 K under the external dc field. Theoretical studies have been performed using ab initio and density functional methodologies to understand the electronic structure and the magnetic relaxation dynamics resulting from the single DyIII ion as well as from the dinuclear exchange-coupled states. Rich powder EPR spectra at the X-band and Q-band were obtained from Dy@Y2, as well as from the 1·MeOH dimer, while simulation studies revealed the ferromagnetic nature of the interaction between the DyIII ions in accordance with theoretical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolia Lalioti
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - Vassilis Nastopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - Nikos Panagiotou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Nikolaos Ioannidis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Greece
| | - Joris van Slageren
- School of Chemistry& Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an, 710199, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Chemistry& Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an, 710199, China.,Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai - 400 076, India.
| | - Abinash Swain
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai - 400 076, India.
| | - Vassilis Tangoulis
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece.
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24
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Ferreira PS, Cerdeira AC, Cruz TFC, Bandeira NAG, Hunger D, Allgaier A, van Slageren J, Almeida M, Pereira LCJ, Gomes PT. Single-ion magnet behaviour in homoleptic Co( ii) complexes bearing 2-iminopyrrolyl ligands. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00601d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Four-coordinate distorted tetrahedral bis(2-iminopyrrolyl)cobalt(ii) complexes behave as Single-Ion Magnets (SIMs) in the absence of an external magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia S. Ferreira
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Cerdeira
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Tiago F. C. Cruz
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno A. G. Bandeira
- BioISI – Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Ed. C8, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - David Hunger
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart D-70569, Germany
| | - Alexander Allgaier
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart D-70569, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart D-70569, Germany
| | - Manuel Almeida
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Laura C. J. Pereira
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Pedro T. Gomes
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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25
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Nößler M, Hunger D, Neuman NI, Reimann M, Reichert F, Winkler M, Klein J, Bens T, Suntrup L, Demeshko S, Stubbe J, Kaupp M, van Slageren J, Sarkar B. Fluorinated Click-Derived Tripodal Ligands Drive Spin Crossover in both Iron(II) and Cobalt(II) Complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10507-10517. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01005d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Control of the spin state of metal complexes is important because it leads to a precise control over the physical properties and the chemical reactivity of the metal complexes. Currently,...
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26
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Nößler M, Hunger D, Reichert F, Winkler M, Reimann M, Klein J, Suhr S, Suntrup L, Beerhues J, Kaupp M, van Slageren J, Sarkar B. Spin-state control of cobalt(II) and iron(II) complexes with click-derived tripodal ligands through non-covalent and fluorine-specific interactions. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:18097-18106. [PMID: 34851330 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03535e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The fine-tuning of intermolecular or intramolecular non-covalent interactions (NCIs) and thus the precise synthesis of metal complexes in which the spin states can be controlled by NCIs remains challenging, even though several such complexes have been intensively studied. In this regard, we present mononuclear cobalt(II) and iron(II) complexes with "click"-derived tripodal ligands that contain fluorinated benzyl substituents in the secondary coordination sphere. The complexes were co-crystallized with different solvent molecules to decipher the effect of the crystallized solvents on NCIs, and on the spin state of the metal ion. Additionally, the fluorine-specific interactions in the secondary coordination sphere were examined. We present a first structure-property correlation between the nature of interaction of the (per)fluorinated aromatic substituents on the ligand periphery, and the spin state of the metal complexes. In particular, the TF5TA containing ligand show interesting stacking motifs depending on the used solvent, and these interactions have an influence on the spin state of the cobalt(II) complexes. Furthermore, the iron(II) complex thereof, Fe(TF5TA)2(BF4)2·2EtOH displays spin crossover (SCO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maite Nößler
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - David Hunger
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Felix Reichert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Mario Winkler
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Marc Reimann
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Klein
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Simon Suhr
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lisa Suntrup
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Julia Beerhues
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany. .,Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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27
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Boronski JT, Seed JA, Hunger D, Woodward AW, van Slageren J, Wooles AJ, Natrajan LS, Kaltsoyannis N, Liddle ST. A crystalline tri-thorium cluster with σ-aromatic metal-metal bonding. Nature 2021; 598:72-75. [PMID: 34425584 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03888-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal-metal bonding is a widely studied area of chemistry1-3, and has become a mature field spanning numerous d transition metal and main group complexes4-7. By contrast, actinide-actinide bonding, which is predicted to be weak8, is currently restricted to spectroscopically detected gas-phase U2 and Th2 (refs. 9,10), U2H2 and U2H4 in frozen matrices at 6-7 K (refs. 11,12), or fullerene-encapsulated U2 (ref. 13). Furthermore, attempts to prepare thorium-thorium bonds in frozen matrices have produced only ThHn (n = 1-4)14. Thus, there are no isolable actinide-actinide bonds under normal conditions. Computational investigations have explored the probable nature of actinide-actinide bonding15, concentrating on localized σ-, π-, and δ-bonding models paralleling d transition metal analogues, but predictions in relativistic regimes are challenging and have remained experimentally unverified. Here, we report thorium-thorium bonding in a crystalline cluster, prepared and isolated under normal experimental conditions. The cluster exhibits a diamagnetic, closed-shell singlet ground state with a valence-delocalized three-centre-two-electron σ-aromatic bond16,17 that is counter to the focus of previous theoretical predictions. The experimental discovery of actinide σ-aromatic bonding adds to main group and d transition metal analogues, extending delocalized σ-aromatic bonding to the heaviest elements in the periodic table and to principal quantum number six, and constitutes a new approach to elaborate actinide-actinide bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef T Boronski
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - John A Seed
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - David Hunger
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Adam W Woodward
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ashley J Wooles
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Louise S Natrajan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Nikolas Kaltsoyannis
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.
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28
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Bolney R, Grosch M, Winkler M, van Slageren J, Weigand W, Robl C. Mackinawite formation from elemental iron and sulfur. RSC Adv 2021; 11:32464-32475. [PMID: 35495494 PMCID: PMC9041996 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03705f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfur-assisted corrosion is a process known to material scientists for many decades now. Though the corrosion of iron in the presence of sulfur has been studied extensively, it has never been used to intentionally synthesize mackinawite. In contrast to the conventional preparation of mackinawite by precipitation, the synthesis from the elements can be carried out without additional ions. This makes it possible to investigate the influence of any dissolved salts on the mackinawite formation and its properties. We found that the addition of NaCl significantly accelerates the reaction and furthermore influences the Fe2+ ion content of the formed mackinawite itself. This finding leads us to propose a novel model of charged layers which can be used to explain some of the inconsistencies found in the literature regarding the structure and particle characteristics of nano-mackinawite. Nanoparticulate mackinawite was synthesized from elemental iron and sulfur in a convenient and reliable reaction. The structure and composition of the products were characterized and a new model describing the particle characteristics is established.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Bolney
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany +49 3641 9-48160
| | - Mario Grosch
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany +49 3641 9-48160
| | - Mario Winkler
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Wolfgang Weigand
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany +49 3641 9-48160
| | - Christian Robl
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany +49 3641 9-48160
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29
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Tesi L, Bloos D, Hrtoň M, Beneš A, Hentschel M, Kern M, Leavesley A, Hillenbrand R, Křápek V, Šikola T, van Slageren J. Plasmonic Metasurface Resonators to Enhance Terahertz Magnetic Fields for High-Frequency Electron Paramagnetic Resonance. Small Methods 2021; 5:e2100376. [PMID: 34928064 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale magnetic systems play a decisive role in areas ranging from biology to spintronics. Although, in principle, THz electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) provides high-resolution access to their properties, lack of sensitivity has precluded realizing this potential. To resolve this issue, the principle of plasmonic enhancement of electromagnetic fields that is used in electric dipole spectroscopies with great success is exploited, and a new type of resonators for the enhancement of THz magnetic fields in a microscopic volume is proposed. A resonator composed of an array of diabolo antennas with a back-reflecting mirror is designed and fabricated. Simulations and THz EPR measurements demonstrate a 30-fold signal increase for thin film samples. This enhancement factor increases to a theoretical value of 7500 for samples confined to the active region of the antennas. These findings open the door to the elucidation of fundamental processes in nanoscale samples, including junctions in spintronic devices or biological membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Tesi
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dominik Bloos
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martin Hrtoň
- Institute of Physical Engineering and Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, 616 69, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Beneš
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mario Hentschel
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michal Kern
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Rainer Hillenbrand
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
- CIC nanoGune BRTA and Department of Electricity and Electronics, UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Vlastimil Křápek
- Institute of Physical Engineering and Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, 616 69, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Šikola
- Institute of Physical Engineering and Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, 616 69, Czech Republic
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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30
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Cirulli M, Salvadori E, Zhang Z, Dommett M, Tuna F, Bamberger H, Lewis JEM, Kaur A, Tizzard GJ, van Slageren J, Crespo‐Otero R, Goldup SM, Roessler MM. Rotaxane Co II Complexes as Field-Induced Single-Ion Magnets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16051-16058. [PMID: 33901329 PMCID: PMC8361961 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Mechanically chelating ligands have untapped potential for the engineering of metal ion properties. Here we demonstrate this principle in the context of CoII -based single-ion magnets. Using multi-frequency EPR, susceptibility and magnetization measurements we found that these complexes show some of the highest zero field splittings reported for five-coordinate CoII complexes to date. The predictable coordination behaviour of the interlocked ligands allowed the magnetic properties of their CoII complexes to be evaluated computationally a priori and our combined experimental and theoretical approach enabled us to rationalize the observed trends. The predictable magnetic behaviour of the rotaxane CoII complexes demonstrates that interlocked ligands offer a new strategy to design metal complexes with interesting functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Cirulli
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondonE1 4NSUK
| | - Enrico Salvadori
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondonE1 4NSUK
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of TorinoVia Giuria 710125TorinoItaly
| | - Zhi‐Hui Zhang
- ChemistryUniversity of SouthamptonHighfieldSO 17 1BJUK
| | - Michael Dommett
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondonE1 4NSUK
| | - Floriana Tuna
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science InstituteUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 0PLUK
| | - Heiko Bamberger
- Institut für Physikalische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - James E. M. Lewis
- ChemistryUniversity of SouthamptonHighfieldSO 17 1BJUK
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubWood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
| | | | - Graham J. Tizzard
- EPSRC National Crystallographic ServiceUniversity of SouthamptonHighfieldSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institut für Physikalische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Rachel Crespo‐Otero
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondonE1 4NSUK
| | | | - Maxie M. Roessler
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondonE1 4NSUK
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubWood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
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31
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Lenz S, König D, Hunger D, van Slageren J. Room-Temperature Quantum Memories Based on Molecular Electron Spin Ensembles. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2101673. [PMID: 34106491 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Whilst quantum computing has recently taken great leaps ahead, the development of quantum memories has decidedly lagged behind. Quantum memories are essential devices in the quantum technology palette and are needed for intermediate storage of quantum bit states and as quantum repeaters in long-distance quantum communication. Current quantum memories operate at cryogenic, mostly sub-Kelvin temperatures and require extensive and costly peripheral hardware. It is demonstrated that ensembles of weakly coupled molecular spins show long coherence times and can be used to store microwave pulses of arbitrary phase. These studies exploit strong coupling of the spin ensemble to special 3D microwave resonators. Most importantly, these systems operate at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Lenz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dennis König
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - David Hunger
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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32
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Du J, Hunger D, Seed JA, Cryer JD, King DM, Wooles AJ, van Slageren J, Liddle ST. Dipnictogen f-Element Chemistry: A Diphosphorus Uranium Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5343-5348. [PMID: 33792307 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The first isolation and structural characterization of an f-element dinitrogen complex was reported in 1988, but an f-element complex with the first heavier group 15 homologue diphosphorus has to date remained unknown. Here, we report the synthesis of a side-on bound diphosphorus complex of uranium(IV) using a 7λ3-(dimethylamino)phosphadibenzonorbornadiene-mediated P atom transfer approach. Experimental and computational characterization reveals that the diphosphorus ligand is activated to its dianionic (P2)2- form and that in-plane U-P π-bonding dominates the bonding of the U(μ-η2:η2-P2)U unit, which is supplemented by a weak U-P interaction of δ symmetry. A preliminary reactivity study demonstrates conversion of this diphosphorus complex to unprecedented uranium cyclo-P3 complexes, suggesting in situ generation of transient, reactive phosphido species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhen Du
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - David Hunger
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - John A Seed
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Jonathan D Cryer
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - David M King
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Ashley J Wooles
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
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Bamberger H, Albold U, Dubnická Midlíková J, Su CY, Deibel N, Hunger D, Hallmen PP, Neugebauer P, Beerhues J, Demeshko S, Meyer F, Sarkar B, van Slageren J. Iron(II), Cobalt(II), and Nickel(II) Complexes of Bis(sulfonamido)benzenes: Redox Properties, Large Zero-Field Splittings, and Single-Ion Magnets. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:2953-2963. [PMID: 33591172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Metal complexes of 1,2-diamidobenzenes have been long studied because of their intriguing redox properties and electronic structures. We present here a series of such complexes with 1,2-bis(sulfonamido)benzene ligands to probe the utility of these ligands for generating a large zero-field splitting (ZFS, D) in metal complexes that possibly act as single-ion magnets. To this end, we have synthesized a series of homoleptic ate complexes of the form (X)n[M{bis(sulfonamido)benzene}2] (n equals 4 minus the oxidation state of the metal), where M (Fe/Co/Ni), X [K+/(K-18-c-6)+/(HNEt3)+, with 18-c-6 = 18-crown ether 6], and the substituents (methyl and tolyl) on the ligand [bmsab = 1,2-bis(methanesulfonamido)benzene; btsab = 1,2-bis(toluenesulfonamido)benzene] were varied to analyze their effect on the ZFS, possible single-ion-magnet properties, and redox behavior of these metal complexes. A combination of X-ray crystallography, (spectro)electrochemistry, superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry, high-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy was used to investigate the electronic/geometric structures of these complexes and the aforementioned properties. These investigations show that the cobalt(II) complexes display very high negative D values in the range of -100 to -130 cm-1, and the nickel(II) complexes display very high positive D values of 76 and 58 cm-1. In addition, the cobalt(II) complexes shows barriers of 200-260 cm-1 and slow relaxation of the magnetization in the absence of an external magnetic field, underscoring the robustness of this class of complexes. The iron(II) complex exhibits a D value of -3.29 cm-1 and can be chemically oxidized to an iron(III) complex that has D = -1.96 cm-1. These findings clearly show that bis(sulfonamido)benzenes are ideally suited to stabilize ate complexes, to generate very high ZFSs at the metal centers with single-ion-magnet properties, and to induce exclusive oxidation at the metal center (for iron) despite the presence of ligands that are potentially noninnocent. Our results therefore substantially enhance the scope for this class of redox-active ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Bamberger
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Uta Albold
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Cheng-Yong Su
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Naina Deibel
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - David Hunger
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Philipp P Hallmen
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Petr Neugebauer
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.,CEITEC BUT, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, Brno 61200, Czech Republic
| | - Julia Beerhues
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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34
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Winkler M, Schnierle M, Ehrlich F, Mehnert KI, Hunger D, Sheveleva AM, Burkhardt L, Bauer M, Tuna F, Ringenberg MR, van Slageren J. Electronic Structure of a Diiron Complex: A Multitechnique Experimental Study of [(dppf)Fe(CO) 3] +/0. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:2856-2865. [PMID: 33569942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Here we explore the electronic structure of the diiron complex [(dppf)Fe(CO)3]0/+ [10/+; dppf = 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene] in two oxidation states by an advanced multitechnique experimental approach. A combination of magnetic circular dichroism, X-ray absorption and emission, high-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and Mössbauer spectroscopies is used to establish that oxidation of 10 occurs on the carbonyl iron ion, resulting in a low-spin iron(I) ion. It is shown that an unequivocal result is obtained by combining several methods. Compound 1+ displays slow spin dynamics, which is used here to study its geometric structure by means of pulsed EPR methods. Surprisingly, these data show an association of the tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethylphenyl)]borate counterion with 1+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Winkler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Marc Schnierle
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Felix Ehrlich
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Kim-Isabelle Mehnert
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - David Hunger
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Alena M Sheveleva
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Lukas Burkhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Systems Design, Paderborn University, Warburger Strasse 100, Paderborn 33098, Germany
| | - Matthias Bauer
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Systems Design, Paderborn University, Warburger Strasse 100, Paderborn 33098, Germany
| | - Floriana Tuna
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Mark R Ringenberg
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
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35
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Weißhaupt D, Funk HS, Kern M, Dettling MM, Schwarz D, Oehme M, Sürgers C, van Slageren J, Fischer IA, Schulze J. Weak localization and weak antilocalization in doped Ge 1-y Sn y layers with up to 8% Sn. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:085703. [PMID: 33290269 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abcb68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low-temperature magnetoresistance measurements of n- and p-doped germanium-tin (Ge1-y Sn y ) layers with Sn concentrations up to 8% show contributions arising from effects of weak localization for n-type and weak antilocalization for p-type doped samples independent of the Sn concentration. Calculations of the magnetoresistance using the Hikami-Larkin-Nagaoka model for two-dimensional transport allow us to extract the phase-coherence length for all samples as well as the spin-orbit length for the p-type doped samples. For pure Ge, we find phase-coherence lengths as long as (349.0 ± 1.4) nm and (614.0 ± 0.9) nm for n-type and p-type doped samples, respectively. The phase-coherence length decreases with increasing Sn concentration. From the spin-orbit scattering length, we determine the spin-diffusion scattering length in the range of 20-30 nm for all highly degenerate p-type doped samples irrespective of Sn concentration. These results show that Ge1-y Sn y is a promising material for future spintronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Weißhaupt
- Institute of Semiconductor Engineering (IHT), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hannes S Funk
- Institute of Semiconductor Engineering (IHT), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michal Kern
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marco M Dettling
- Institute of Semiconductor Engineering (IHT), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Daniel Schwarz
- Institute of Semiconductor Engineering (IHT), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael Oehme
- Institute of Semiconductor Engineering (IHT), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christoph Sürgers
- Physikalisches Institut (PHI), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Inga A Fischer
- Experimental Physics and Functional Materials, Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU), Cottbus, Germany
| | - Jörg Schulze
- Institute of Semiconductor Engineering (IHT), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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36
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Almidani AH, Benz M, Winkler M, Ikeda Y, Grabowski B, van Slageren J, Estes DP. The reaction of HV(CO) 4dppe with MoO 3: a well-defined model of hydrogen spillover. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01374b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen spillover is mechanistically poorly understood, due to the H˙ donor complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulhamid H. Almidani
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, DE-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael Benz
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, DE-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mario Winkler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, DE-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yuji Ikeda
- Institute for Material Science, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, DE-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Blazej Grabowski
- Institute for Material Science, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, DE-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, DE-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Deven P. Estes
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, DE-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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37
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Thomas-Hargreaves LR, Hunger D, Kern M, Wooles AJ, van Slageren J, Chilton NF, Liddle ST. Insights into D4h@metal-symmetry single-molecule magnetism: the case of a dysprosium-bis(boryloxide) complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:733-736. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07446b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We report a D4h@Dy single-molecule magnet (SMM) with a Ueff energy barrier of 1565 K, one of the highest energy barriers for any 6-coordinate lanthanide SMM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Hunger
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- University of Stuttgart
- Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Michal Kern
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- University of Stuttgart
- Stuttgart
- Germany
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38
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Benedikter M, Musso J, Kesharwani MK, Sterz KL, Elser I, Ziegler F, Fischer F, Plietker B, Frey W, Kästner J, Winkler M, van Slageren J, Nowakowski M, Bauer M, Buchmeiser MR. Charge Distribution in Cationic Molybdenum Imido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: A Combined X-ray, XAS, XES, DFT, Mössbauer, and Catalysis Approach. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathis Benedikter
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Janis Musso
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Manoj K. Kesharwani
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - K. Leonard Sterz
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iris Elser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Felix Ziegler
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Felix Fischer
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernd Plietker
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Kästner
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mario Winkler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michal Nowakowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Matthias Bauer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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39
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Becker PM, Förster C, Carrella LM, Boden P, Hunger D, van Slageren J, Gerhards M, Rentschler E, Heinze K. Spin Crossover and Long-Lived Excited States in a Reduced Molecular Ruby. Chemistry 2020; 26:7199-7204. [PMID: 32167607 PMCID: PMC7318154 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The chromium(III) complex [CrIII(ddpd)2]3+ (molecular ruby; ddpd=N,N′‐dimethyl‐N,N′‐dipyridine‐2‐yl‐pyridine‐2,6‐diamine) is reduced to the genuine chromium(II) complex [CrII(ddpd)2]2+ with d4 electron configuration. This reduced molecular ruby represents one of the very few chromium(II) complexes showing spin crossover (SCO). The reversible SCO is gradual with T1/2 around room temperature. The low‐spin and high‐spin chromium(II) isomers exhibit distinct spectroscopic and structural properties (UV/Vis/NIR, IR, EPR spectroscopies, single‐crystal XRD). Excitation of [CrII(ddpd)2]2+ with UV light at 20 and 290 K generates electronically excited states with microsecond lifetimes. This initial study on the unique reduced molecular ruby paves the way for thermally and photochemically switchable magnetic systems based on chromium complexes complementing the well‐established iron(II) SCO systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Becker
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Förster
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Luca M Carrella
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Pit Boden
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center Optimas, University Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - David Hunger
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for, Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for, Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Markus Gerhards
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center Optimas, University Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Eva Rentschler
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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40
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Lenz S, Hunger D, van Slageren J. Strong coupling between resonators and spin ensembles in the presence of exchange couplings. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12837-12840. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04841k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Exchange–dependent strong coupling between DPPH radical spins and 3D microwave cavity coupling up to room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Lenz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST
- University of Stuttgart
- Stuttgart 70569
- Germany
| | - David Hunger
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST
- University of Stuttgart
- Stuttgart 70569
- Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST
- University of Stuttgart
- Stuttgart 70569
- Germany
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41
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Dorn KV, Blaschkowski B, Bamberger H, van Slageren J, Doll K, Claus R, Matsumoto Y, Takagi H, Hartenbach I. Black Current: Structure, Characterization, and Optoelectronic Properties of Ce 3 Cl 3 [MoO 6 ]. Chemistry 2019; 25:7921-7926. [PMID: 30972829 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The admixture of CeO2 , Ce, CeCl3 , and MoO3 with an excess of LiCl as flux in evacuated silica ampules leads to large black single crystals as well as a black microcrystalline powder of Ce3 Cl3 [MoO6 ] after tempering at 850 °C for three days. The title compound crystallizes in the hexagonal space group P63 /m (a=934.93(4), c=538.86(2) pm) with two formula units per unit cell. The crystal structure consists of rather unusual trigonal-prismatic [MoO6 ]6- units besides Ce3+ ions in a tetra-capped trigonal-prismatic coordination, formed by four Cl- and six O2- ions. The black color is related to an optical band gap of 1.35(2) eV, which was determined by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and confirmed by theoretical calculations. The low band gap between the 4f1 state of cerium (HOMO) and the 5d0 state of molybdenum (LUMO) gave rise to the idea of electronic excitation between these two states by IR irradiation, creating a drop in the resistivity of the material, which was detected by appropriate measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina V Dorn
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.,Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 16 C, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Blaschkowski
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Heiko Bamberger
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Klaus Doll
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ralf Claus
- Max-Planck-Institute for Solid-State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yosuke Matsumoto
- Max-Planck-Institute for Solid-State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hidenori Takagi
- Max-Planck-Institute for Solid-State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ingo Hartenbach
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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42
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
- Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
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43
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Lenz S, Bamberger H, Hallmen PP, Thiebes Y, Otto S, Heinze K, van Slageren J. Chromium(iii)-based potential molecular quantum bits with long coherence times. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:6976-6983. [PMID: 30869710 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00745h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular quantum bits based on copper(ii) or vanadium(iv) have been shown to possess long coherence times on multiple occasions. In contrast, studies in which non-spin-½ ions are employed are relatively scarce. High-spin ions provide additional states that can be used to encode further quantum bits. Furthermore, an optical rather than a microwave readout of molecular quantum bits is highly desirable, because in principle it could allow addressing at the single quantum bit level. The chromium(iii) complex [Cr(ddpd)2]3+ (ddpd = N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-dipyridine-2-yl-pyridine-2,6-diamine) combines both the large spin (S = 3/2) and optical activity (strong, long lived luminescence). Here we demonstrate that the compound possesses coherence times of up to 8.4(1) μs, which are much longer (at least three times) than those for other chromium(iii)-based compounds. On the other hand, it is proved to be impossible to read out or influence the quantum state by optical means, underlining that further work is needed in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Lenz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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44
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Perfetti M, Gysler M, Rechkemmer-Patalen Y, Zhang P, Taştan H, Fischer F, Netz J, Frey W, Zimmermann LW, Schleid T, Hakl M, Orlita M, Ungur L, Chibotaru L, Brock-Nannestad T, Piligkos S, van Slageren J. Correction: Determination of the electronic structure of a dinuclear dysprosium single molecule magnet without symmetry idealization. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3429. [PMID: 30996932 PMCID: PMC6432620 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc90051a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Correction for ‘Determination of the electronic structure of a dinuclear dysprosium single molecule magnet without symmetry idealization’ by Mauro Perfetti et al., Chem. Sci., 2019, 10, 2101–2110.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Perfetti
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany .
| | - Maren Gysler
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany .
| | - Yvonne Rechkemmer-Patalen
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany .
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany .
| | - Hatice Taştan
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany .
| | - Florian Fischer
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany .
| | - Julia Netz
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany .
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Lucas W Zimmermann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Thomas Schleid
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Michael Hakl
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI-EMFL) , CNRS , UGA , 38042 Grenoble , France
| | - Milan Orlita
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI-EMFL) , CNRS , UGA , 38042 Grenoble , France.,Institute of Physics , Charles University , Ke Karlovu 5 , 12116 Praja 2 , Czech Republic
| | - Liviu Ungur
- Theory of Nanomaterials Group , Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 220F , 3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Liviu Chibotaru
- Theory of Nanomaterials Group , Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 220F , 3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Theis Brock-Nannestad
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , 2100 , Denmark
| | - Stergios Piligkos
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , 2100 , Denmark
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany .
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45
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Perfetti M, Gysler M, Rechkemmer-Patalen Y, Zhang P, Taştan H, Fischer F, Netz J, Frey W, Zimmermann LW, Schleid T, Hakl M, Orlita M, Ungur L, Chibotaru L, Brock-Nannestad T, Piligkos S, van Slageren J. Determination of the electronic structure of a dinuclear dysprosium single molecule magnet without symmetry idealization. Chem Sci 2019; 10:2101-2110. [PMID: 30842867 PMCID: PMC6375364 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03170c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the in-depth determination of the magnetic properties and electronic structure of the luminescent and volatile dysprosium-based single molecule magnet [Dy2(bpm)(fod)6] (Hfod = 6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octanedione, bpm = 2,2'-bipyrimidine). Ab initio calculations were used to obtain a global picture of the electronic structure and to predict possible single molecule magnet behaviour, confirmed by experiments. The orientation of the susceptibility tensor was determined by means of cantilever torque magnetometry. An experimental determination of the electronic structure of the lanthanide ion was obtained combining Luminescence, Far Infrared and Magnetic Circular Dichroism spectroscopies. Fitting these energies to the full single ion plus crystal field Hamiltonian allowed determination of the eigenstates and crystal field parameters of a lanthanide complex without symmetry idealization. We then discuss the impact of a stepwise symmetry idealization on the modelling of the experimental data. This result is particularly important in view of the misleading outcomes that are often obtained when the symmetry of lanthanide complexes is idealized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Perfetti
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany .
| | - Maren Gysler
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany .
| | - Yvonne Rechkemmer-Patalen
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany .
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany .
| | - Hatice Taştan
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany .
| | - Florian Fischer
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany .
| | - Julia Netz
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany .
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Lucas W Zimmermann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Thomas Schleid
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Michael Hakl
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI-EMFL) , CNRS , UGA , 38042 Grenoble , France
| | - Milan Orlita
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI-EMFL) , CNRS , UGA , 38042 Grenoble , France
- Institute of Physics , Charles University , Ke Karlovu 5 , 12116 Praja 2 , Czech Republic
| | - Liviu Ungur
- Theory of Nanomaterials Group , Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 220F , 3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Liviu Chibotaru
- Theory of Nanomaterials Group , Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 220F , 3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Theis Brock-Nannestad
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , 2100 , Denmark
| | - Stergios Piligkos
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , 2100 , Denmark
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany .
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46
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Ciccullo F, Calzolari A, Bader K, Neugebauer P, Gallagher NM, Rajca A, van Slageren J, Casu MB. Interfacing a Potential Purely Organic Molecular Quantum Bit with a Real-Life Surface. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:1571-1578. [PMID: 30520295 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
By using a multidisciplinary and multitechnique approach, we have addressed the issue of attaching a molecular quantum bit to a real surface. First, we demonstrate that an organic derivative of the pyrene-Blatter radical is a potential molecular quantum bit. Our study of the interface of the pyrene-Blatter radical with a copper-based surface reveals that the spin of the interface layer is not canceled by the interaction with the surface and that the Blatter radical is resistant in presence of molecular water. Although the measured pyrene-Blatter derivative quantum coherence time is not the highest value known, this molecule is known as a "super stable" radical. Conversely, other potential qubits show poor thin film stability upon air exposure. Therefore, we discuss strategies to make molecular systems candidates as qubits competitive, bridging the gap between potential and real applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ciccullo
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry , University of Tübingen , 72076 Tübingen , Germany
| | - Arrigo Calzolari
- CNR-NANO Istituto Nanoscienze , Centro S3 , 41125 Modena , Italy
| | - Katharina Bader
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , University of Stuttgart , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Petr Neugebauer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , University of Stuttgart , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
- Central European Institute of Technology, CEITEC BUT , Purkyňova 656/123 , 61600 Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Nolan M Gallagher
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588-0304 , United States
| | - Andrzej Rajca
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588-0304 , United States
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , University of Stuttgart , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Maria Benedetta Casu
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry , University of Tübingen , 72076 Tübingen , Germany
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47
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Coutinho JT, Perfetti M, Baldoví JJ, Antunes MA, Hallmen PP, Bamberger H, Crassee I, Orlita M, Almeida M, van Slageren J, Pereira LCJ. Spectroscopic Determination of the Electronic Structure of a Uranium Single-Ion Magnet. Chemistry 2019; 25:1758-1766. [PMID: 30403293 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Early actinide ions have large spin-orbit couplings and crystal field interactions, leading to large anisotropies. The success in using actinides as single-molecule magnets has so far been modest, underlining the need for rational strategies. Indeed, the electronic structure of actinide single-molecule magnets and its relation to their magnetic properties remains largely unexplored. A uranium(III) single-molecule magnet, [UIII {SiMe2 NPh}3 -tacn)(OPPh3 )] (tacn=1,4,7-triazacyclononane), has been investigated by means of a combination of magnetic, spectroscopic and theoretical methods to elucidate the origin of its static and dynamic magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana T Coutinho
- Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technologies (C2TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Mauro Perfetti
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - José J Baldoví
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria A Antunes
- Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technologies (C2TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Philipp P Hallmen
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Heiko Bamberger
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iris Crassee
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, CNRS-UGA-UPS-INSA-EMFL, 25 Avenue des Martyrs, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Milan Orlita
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, CNRS-UGA-UPS-INSA-EMFL, 25 Avenue des Martyrs, 38042, Grenoble, France.,Institute of Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 12116, Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Manuel Almeida
- Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technologies (C2TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Laura C J Pereira
- Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technologies (C2TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
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48
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Lenz S, Kern B, Schneider M, van Slageren J. Measurement of quantum coherence in thin films of molecular quantum bits without post-processing. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:7163-7166. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02184a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel Fabry–Pérot pulsed EPR resonator with very good microwave magnetic field homogeneity allows facile measurement of thin films of molecular quantum bits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Lenz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology
- University of Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Bastian Kern
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | | | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology
- University of Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
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49
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Hrubý J, Santana VT, Kostiuk D, Bouček M, Lenz S, Kern M, Šiffalovič P, van Slageren J, Neugebauer P. A graphene-based hybrid material with quantum bits prepared by the double Langmuir–Schaefer method. RSC Adv 2019; 9:24066-24073. [PMID: 35527863 PMCID: PMC9069494 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04537f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The scalability and stability of molecular qubits deposited on surfaces is a crucial step for incorporating them into upcoming electronic devices. Herein, we report on the preparation and characterisation of a molecular quantum bit, copper(ii)dibenzoylmethane [Cu(dbm)2], deposited by a modified Langmuir–Schaefer (LS) technique onto a graphene-based substrate. A double LS deposition was used for the preparation of a few-layer-graphene (FLG) on a Si/SiO2 substrate with subsequent deposition of the molecules. Magnetic properties were probed by high-frequency electron spin resonance (HF-ESR) spectroscopy and found maintained after deposition. Additional spectroscopic and imaging techniques, such as Raman spectroscopy (RS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to characterise the deposited sample. Our approach demonstrated the possibility to utilise a controlled wet-chemistry protocol to prepare an array of potential quantum bits on a disordered graphene-based substrate. The deployed spectroscopic techniques showed unambiguously the robustness of our studied system with a potential to fabricate large-scale, intact, and stable quantum bits. Graphene-based hybrid material with array of copper(ii)-based quantum bits was prepared by a wet-chemistry protocol and characterised by HF-ESR, XPS, Raman, and AFM.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Hrubý
- Central European Institute of Technology
- CEITEC BUT
- 61200 Brno
- Czech Republic
| | | | - Dmytro Kostiuk
- Institute of Physics
- Slovak Academy of Sciences
- 84511 Bratislava
- Slovakia
| | - Martin Bouček
- Institute of Physical Engineering
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
- Brno University of Technology
- 61669 Brno
- Czech Republic
| | - Samuel Lenz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- University of Stuttgart
- 70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Michal Kern
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- University of Stuttgart
- 70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Peter Šiffalovič
- Institute of Physics
- Slovak Academy of Sciences
- 84511 Bratislava
- Slovakia
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- University of Stuttgart
- 70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Petr Neugebauer
- Central European Institute of Technology
- CEITEC BUT
- 61200 Brno
- Czech Republic
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50
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Hallmen PP, Werner HJ, Kats D, Lenz S, Rauhut G, Stoll H, van Slageren J. Toward fast and accurate ab initio calculation of magnetic exchange in polynuclear lanthanide complexes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:9769-9778. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00785g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We present an efficient ab initio methodology to calculate magnetic exchange between lanthanide ions beyond density functional theory including dynamical correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp P. Hallmen
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- University of Stuttgart
- 70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry
| | - Hans-Joachim Werner
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry
- University of Stuttgart
- 70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Daniel Kats
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research
- 70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Samuel Lenz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- University of Stuttgart
- 70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Guntram Rauhut
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry
- University of Stuttgart
- 70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Hermann Stoll
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry
- University of Stuttgart
- 70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- University of Stuttgart
- 70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
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