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Figueroa EG, Caballero-Román A, Ticó JR, Miñarro M, Nardi-Ricart A, González-Candia A. miRNA nanoencapsulation to regulate the programming of the blood-brain barrier permeability by hypoxia. Curr Res Pharmacol Drug Discov 2022; 3:100129. [PMID: 36568262 PMCID: PMC9780061 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2022.100129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS)-related diseases are difficult to treat as most therapeutic agents they cannot reach the brain tissue, mainly due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), arguably the tightest barrier between the human body and cerebral parenchyma, which routinely excludes most xenobiotic therapeutics compounds. The BBB is a multicellular complex that structurally forms the neurovascular unit (NVU) and is organized by neuro-endothelial and glial cells. BBB breakdown and dysfunction from the cerebrovascular cells lead to leakages of systemic components from the blood into the CNS, contributing to neurological deficits. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate BBB permeability and disruption is essential for establishing future therapeutic strategies to restore permeability and improve cerebrovascular health. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a type of small non-coding RNAs, are emerging as an important regulator of BBB integrity by modulating gene expression by targeting mRNA transcripts. miRNAs is implicated in the development and progression of various illnesses. Conversely, nanoparticle carriers offer unprecedented opportunities for cell-specific controlled delivery of miRNAs for therapeutic purposes. In this sense, we present in this graphical review critical evidence in the regulation of cell junction expression mediated by miRNAs induced by hypoxia and for the use of nanoparticles for the delivery of miRNA-based therapeutics in the treatment of BBB permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban G. Figueroa
- Laboratory of Fetal Neuroprogramming, Institute of Health Sciences, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
| | - Aitor Caballero-Román
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Avinguda Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep R. Ticó
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Avinguda Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Miñarro
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Avinguda Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Nardi-Ricart
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Avinguda Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding author. Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona. Avda. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alejandro González-Candia
- Laboratory of Fetal Neuroprogramming, Institute of Health Sciences, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
- Corresponding author. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 611, Rancagua, Chile.
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Novak A, Gutiérrez-Zamora M, Pérez-Lozano P, Suñé-Negre JM, Llop JM, Ticó JR, Miñarro M, García-Montoya E, Van Schepdael A. Study of tocopherol content and its potential antioxidant activity in commercial lipid emulsions for parenteral nutrition. Pharmazie 2020; 75:240-241. [PMID: 32539917 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2020.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the content and evaluate the potential antioxidant effect of tocopherols in commercially available lipid emulsions, using a simple validated method adequate for further routine use. During the study, variability between manufacturers as well as between three non-consecutive batches of the same emulsion was observed. Furthermore, addition of α-tocopherol to lipid emulsions as excipient yields more stable emulsions and potentially a beneficial clinical effect. It was concluded that the variation of the tocopherol content between batches implies the importance of control and specification of tocopherol content by the manufacturers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Novak
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Spain;,
| | - M Gutiérrez-Zamora
- Service of Development of Medicines (SDM), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Pérez-Lozano
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Spain; Service of Development of Medicines (SDM), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain; Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - J M Suñé-Negre
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Spain; Service of Development of Medicines (SDM), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain; Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - J M Llop
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Spain; Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - J R Ticó
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Spain; Service of Development of Medicines (SDM), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain; Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - M Miñarro
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Spain; Service of Development of Medicines (SDM), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain; Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - E García-Montoya
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Spain; Service of Development of Medicines (SDM), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain; Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - A Van Schepdael
- Division "Pharmaceutical Analysis", Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
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Nofrerias I, Nardi A, Suñé-Pou M, Suñé-Negre JM, García-Montoya E, Pérez-Lozano P, Miñarro M, Bataille B, Ticó JR. Formulation of Direct Compression Zidovudine Tablets to Correlate the SeDeM Diagram Expert System and the Rotary Press Simulator Styl'ONE Results. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 21:1. [PMID: 31712905 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1542-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The SeDeM diagram expert system has been applied to study Zidovudine and some excipients. From the obtained diagrams, a pharmaceutical formula has been designed. SeDeM diagram ascertains the critical parameters that are suitable for a direct compression. The formula is compressed using a rotary tablet press simulator which emulates rotary tablet press' compression profiles. From these compressions, we study the formula behavior under different industrial production conditions but saving a huge amount of material. The study is done at different compression forces and compression speeds and taking into account the influence of the pre-compression force. The differences observed between the compression profiles are hereby described. The results indicate that the formulation is able to be compressed adequately with the emulated compression profiles and no differences are observed between the final products. Therefore, we can assure that the SeDeM diagram expert system is accurate and robust. Moreover, its results are comparable with the compression results in a rotary tablet press, which has never been described in the pharmaceutical literature before. From the obtained results, it is possible to select the best rotary press to scale-up this formulation.
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4
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Silva-Marrero JI, Villasante J, Rashidpour A, Palma M, Fàbregas A, Almajano MP, Viegas I, Jones JG, Miñarro M, Ticó JR, Baanante IV, Metón I. The Administration of Chitosan-Tripolyphosphate-DNA Nanoparticles to Express Exogenous SREBP1a Enhances Conversion of Dietary Carbohydrates into Lipids in the Liver of Sparus aurata. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9080297. [PMID: 31344838 PMCID: PMC6724022 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to being essential for the transcription of genes involved in cellular lipogenesis, increasing evidence associates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) with the transcriptional control of carbohydrate metabolism. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of overexpression SREBP1a, a potent activator of all SREBP-responsive genes, on the intermediary metabolism of Sparus aurata, a glucose-intolerant carnivorous fish. Administration of chitosan-tripolyphosphate nanoparticles complexed with a plasmid driving expression of the N-terminal transactivation domain of SREBP1a significantly increased SREBP1a mRNA and protein in the liver of S. aurata. Overexpression of SREBP1a enhanced the hepatic expression of key genes in glycolysis-gluconeogenesis (glucokinase and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase), fatty acid synthesis (acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2), elongation (elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 5) and desaturation (fatty acid desaturase 2) as well as reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate production (glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase) and cholesterol synthesis (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase), leading to increased blood triglycerides and cholesterol levels. Beyond reporting the first study addressing in vivo effects of exogenous SREBP1a in a glucose-intolerant model, our findings support that SREBP1a overexpression caused multigenic effects that favoured hepatic glycolysis and lipogenesis and thus enabled protein sparing by improving dietary carbohydrate conversion into fatty acids and cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonás I Silva-Marrero
- Secció de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juliana Villasante
- Secció de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ania Rashidpour
- Secció de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariana Palma
- Center for Functional Ecology (CFE), Department Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martins de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anna Fàbregas
- Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Pilar Almajano
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivan Viegas
- Center for Functional Ecology (CFE), Department Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martins de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Largo Marquês de Pombal, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - John G Jones
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Largo Marquês de Pombal, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Montserrat Miñarro
- Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep R Ticó
- Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel V Baanante
- Secció de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isidoro Metón
- Secció de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Nofrerias I, Nardi A, Suñé-Pou M, Suñé-Negre JM, García-Montoya E, Pérez-Lozano P, Ticó JR, Miñarro M. Comparison between Microcrystalline Celluloses of different grades made by four manufacturers using the SeDeM diagram expert system as a pharmaceutical characterization tool. POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gaspar C, Silva-Marrero JI, Fàbregas A, Miñarro M, Ticó JR, Baanante IV, Metón I. Administration of chitosan-tripolyphosphate-DNA nanoparticles to knockdown glutamate dehydrogenase expression impairs transdeamination and gluconeogenesis in the liver. J Biotechnol 2018; 286:5-13. [PMID: 30195924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) plays a major role in amino acid catabolism. To increase the current knowledge of GDH function, we analysed the effect of GDH silencing on liver intermediary metabolism from gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Sequencing of GDH cDNA from S. aurata revealed high homology with its vertebrate orthologues and allowed us to design short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) to knockdown GDH expression. Following validation of shRNA-dependent downregulation of S. aurata GDH in vitro, chitosan-tripolyphosphate (TPP) nanoparticles complexed with a plasmid encoding a selected shRNA (pCpG-sh2GDH) were produced to address the effect of GDH silencing on S. aurata liver metabolism. Seventy-two hours following intraperitoneal administration of chitosan-TPP-pCpG-sh2GDH, GDH mRNA levels and immunodetectable protein decreased in the liver, leading to reduced GDH activity in both oxidative and reductive reactions to about 53-55 % of control values. GDH silencing decreased glutamate, glutamine and aspartate aminotransferase activity, while increased 2-oxoglutarate content, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase activity and 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase/fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase activity ratio. Our findings show for the first time that GDH silencing reduces transdeamination and gluconeogenesis in the liver, hindering the use of amino acids as gluconeogenic substrates and enabling protein sparing and metabolisation of dietary carbohydrates, which would reduce environmental impact and production costs of aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gaspar
- Secció de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jonás I Silva-Marrero
- Secció de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Fàbregas
- Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Miñarro
- Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep R Ticó
- Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel V Baanante
- Secció de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isidoro Metón
- Secció de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Novak A, Gutiérrez-Zamora M, Domenech L, Suñé-Negre JM, Miñarro M, García-Montoya E, Llop JM, Ticó JR, Pérez-Lozano P. Development and validation of a simple high-performance liquid chromatography analytical method for simultaneous determination of phytosterols, cholesterol and squalene in parenteral lipid emulsions. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 32. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Novak
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Mercè Gutiérrez-Zamora
- Service of Development of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Lluís Domenech
- Service of Development of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Josep M. Suñé-Negre
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology research group; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL); Av. Granvia de l’Hospitallet, 199-203 08090 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Spain
| | - Montserrat Miñarro
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology research group; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL); Av. Granvia de l’Hospitallet, 199-203 08090 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Spain
| | - Encarna García-Montoya
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology research group; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL); Av. Granvia de l’Hospitallet, 199-203 08090 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Spain
| | - Josep M. Llop
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology research group; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL); Av. Granvia de l’Hospitallet, 199-203 08090 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Spain
| | - Josep R. Ticó
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology research group; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL); Av. Granvia de l’Hospitallet, 199-203 08090 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Spain
| | - Pilar Pérez-Lozano
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology research group; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL); Av. Granvia de l’Hospitallet, 199-203 08090 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Spain
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González JD, Silva-Marrero JI, Metón I, Caballero-Solares A, Viegas I, Fernández F, Miñarro M, Fàbregas A, Ticó JR, Jones JG, Baanante IV. Chitosan-Mediated shRNA Knockdown of Cytosolic Alanine Aminotransferase Improves Hepatic Carbohydrate Metabolism. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2016; 18:85-97. [PMID: 26475146 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-015-9670-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) catalyses a transamination reaction that links carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. In this study, we examined the effect of silencing cytosolic ALT (cALT) expression on the hepatic metabolism in Sparus aurata. A number of siRNA and shRNA designed to down-regulate cALT expression were validated in HEK-293 cells transfected with plasmids expressing S. aurata cALT or mitochondrial ALT (mALT) isoforms: ALT silencing significantly decreased the expression levels of S. aurata mRNA cALT1 to 62% (siRNA) and 48% (shRNA) of the values observed in control cells. The effect of cALT silencing was analysed in the liver of S. aurata 72 h after intraperitoneal injection of chitosan-tripolyphosphate (TPP) nanoparticles complexed with a plasmid encoding a shRNA to down-regulate cALT expression (pCpG-si1sh1). In fish fed diets with different ratio of protein to carbohydrate and treated with chitosan-TPP-pCpG-si1sh1, cALT1 and cALT2 mRNA levels significantly decreased irrespective of the diet. Consistently, ALT activity decreased in liver of treated animals. In the liver of S. aurata treated with chitosan-TPP-pCpG-si1sh1 nanoparticles, down-regulation of cALT expression increased the activity of key enzymes in glycolysis (6-phosphofructo-1-kinase and pyruvate kinase) and protein metabolism (glutamate dehydrogenase). Besides showing for the first time that administration of chitosan-TPP-pCpG-si1sh1 nanoparticles silences hepatic cALT expression in vivo, our data support that down-regulation of cALT could improve the use of dietary carbohydrates to obtain energy and spare protein catabolism.
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Galí A, García-Montoya E, Ascaso M, Pérez-Lozano P, Ticó JR, Miñarro M, Suñé-Negre JM. Improving tablet coating robustness by selecting critical process parameters from retrospective data. Pharm Dev Technol 2015; 21:688-97. [PMID: 26017851 DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2015.1045619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Although tablet coating processes are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, they often lack adequate robustness. Up-scaling can be challenging as minor changes in parameters can lead to varying quality results. OBJECTIVE To select critical process parameters (CPP) using retrospective data of a commercial product and to establish a design of experiments (DoE) that would improve the robustness of the coating process. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of data from 36 commercial batches. Batches were selected based on the quality results generated during batch release, some of which revealed quality deviations concerning the appearance of the coated tablets. The product is already marketed and belongs to the portfolio of a multinational pharmaceutical company. RESULTS The Statgraphics 5.1 software was used for data processing to determine critical process parameters in order to propose new working ranges. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS This study confirms that it is possible to determine the critical process parameters and create design spaces based on retrospective data of commercial batches. This type of analysis is thus converted into a tool to optimize the robustness of existing processes. Our results show that a design space can be established with minimum investment in experiments, since current commercial batch data are processed statistically.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Galí
- a Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain and.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - E García-Montoya
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - M Ascaso
- a Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain and
| | - P Pérez-Lozano
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - J R Ticó
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - M Miñarro
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - J M Suñé-Negre
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
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10
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Flórez Borges P, Pérez Lozano P, García Montoya E, Miñarro M, Ticó JR, Jo E, Suñe Negre JM. Determination of stress-induced degradation products of cetirizine dihydrochloride by a stability-indicating RP-HPLC method. Daru 2014; 22:82. [PMID: 25487685 PMCID: PMC4276092 DOI: 10.1186/s40199-014-0082-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new, simple and accurate stability-indicating reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated during the early stage of drug development of an oral lyophilizate dosage form of cetirizine dihydrochloride. METHODS For RP-HPLC analysis it was used an Eclipse XDB C8 column 150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm (Agilent columns, Barcelona, Spain) as the stationary phase with a mobile phase consisted of a mixture of 0.2 M K2HPO4 pH 7.00 and acetonitrile (65:35, v/v) at a flow rate of 1 mL min (-1). Detection was performed at 230 nm using diode array detector. The method was validated in accordance with ICH guidelines with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity, limit of detection and quantification. RESULTS The method results in excellent separation between the drug substance and its stress-induced degradation products. The peak purity factor is >950 for the drug substance after all types of stress, which confirms the complete separation of the drug substance peak from its stress induced degradation products. Regression analysis showed r(2) > 0.999 for cetirizine dihydrochloride in the concentration range of 650 μg mL (-1) to 350 μg mL(-1) for drug substance assay and a r(2) > 0.999 in the concentration range of 0.25 μg mL(-1) to 5 μg mL(-1) for degradation products. The method presents a limit of detection of 0.056 μg mL (-1) and a limit of quantification of 0.25 μg mL(-1). The obtained results for precision and accuracy for drug substance and degradation products are within the specifications established for the validation of the method. CONCLUSIONS The proposed stability-indicating method developed in the early phase of drug development proved to be a simple, sensitive, accurate, precise, reproducible and therefore useful for the following stages of the cetirizine dihydrochloride oral lyophilizate dosage form development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Flórez Borges
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII s/n 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- Reig Jofre Group, c. Gran Capitá 6 08970, Sant Joan Despi, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Pilar Pérez Lozano
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII s/n 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Encarna García Montoya
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII s/n 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Miñarro
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII s/n 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Josep R Ticó
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII s/n 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Enric Jo
- Reig Jofre Group, c. Gran Capitá 6 08970, Sant Joan Despi, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Josep M Suñe Negre
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII s/n 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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11
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Suñé-Negre JM, Pérez-Lozano P, Roig M, Fuster R, Hernández C, Ruhí R, García-Montoya E, Miñarro M, Ticó JR. Optimization of parameters of the SeDeM Diagram Expert System: Hausner index (IH) and relative humidity (%RH). Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011; 79:464-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Queralt M, García-Montoya E, Pérez-Lozano P, Suñé-Negre JM, Miñarro M, Ticó JR. Total organic carbon (VCSN and VWP) and HPLC analysis for cleaning validation in a pharmaceutical pilot plant. PDA J Pharm Sci Technol 2009; 63:42-57. [PMID: 19455941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a useful method using total organic carbon analyzers employing both combustion and wet oxidation for validating equipment cleaning procedures and verifying cleaning in a pharmaceutical pilot plant. The results are compared with those obtained using high-performance liquid chromatography. The study summarizes the initial steps that should be taken into account and focuses particularly on the solutions to some of the most critical considerations (e.g., glass material, detection and quantification limits, recovery). Also described are the calculation of control limits and the good results obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Queralt
- Pharmacy Department, University of Barcelona
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13
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Caballero F, Foradada M, Miñarro M, Pérez-Lozano P, García-Montoya E, Ticó JR, Suñé-Negre JM. Method for the development of topical medicinal aerosols using liquified hydrocarbon gas. Int J Pharm 2008; 355:126-30. [PMID: 18206327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2007] [Accepted: 11/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Low chain liquid hydrocarbons (LH) at room temperature and atmospheric pressure can be used to simulate the effect of gas hydrocarbons (GH) in aerosol systems without the need of using pressured flasks. Samples of different tetracycline formulations were tested with LH and GH in order to study their behaviour and physicochemical stability in the system. The results showed a similar behaviour between samples when LH or GH were used, suggesting the use of LH to simulate the effect of GH introduction in the system, as a useful predictive method for the development of pressured aerosol formulations without using pressured containers in early steps of the process, such as pre-formulation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Caballero
- Unit of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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14
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Pérez-Lozano P, García-Montoya E, Orriols A, Miñarro M, Ticó JR, Suñé-Negre JM. Stability evaluation of amoxicillin in a solid premix veterinary formulation by monitoring the degradation products through a new HPLC analytical method. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 42:192-9. [PMID: 16765013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2006] [Accepted: 04/05/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A methodology (by VICH guidelines) for the stability evaluation of amoxicillin in granular premixes is described. This method is based on the monitoring of the degradation products formed during the stability study by a new HPLC-RP method, which has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of amoxicillin and its degradation products. The method uses a Nucleosil 120 C18 column and gradient elution. The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of methanol and buffer solution pH 3+/-0.05 at different proportion according to a time-schedule programme, pumped at a flow rate of 1.750 ml min(-1). The DAD detector was set at 230 nm. The validation study was carried out fulfilling the VICH guidelines in order to prove that the new analytical method, meets the reliability characteristics, and these characteristics showed the capacity of analytical method to keep, throughout the time, the fundamental criteria for validation: selectivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, sensitivity (LOD, LOQ) and robustness. The method was applied during the stability study of an amoxicillin premix in order to quantify the drug (amoxicillin) and all its degradation products to evaluate the shelf life of the new veterinary dosage form. The method also proved to be suitable as a rapid and reliable quality control method.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pérez-Lozano
- Unit of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII s/n 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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15
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Pérez P, Suñé-Negre JM, Miñarro M, Roig M, Fuster R, García-Montoya E, Hernández C, Ruhí R, Ticó JR. A new expert systems (SeDeM diagram) for control batch powder formulation and preformulation drug products. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2006; 64:351-9. [PMID: 16949262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2006.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2006] [Revised: 06/22/2006] [Accepted: 06/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The new SeDeM Method is proposed for testing the batch-to-batch reproducibility of the same active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in powder form. The procedure describes the study of the galenic properties of substances in powder form in terms of the applicability of direct compression technology. Through experimental determination of the SeDeM Method parameters, and their subsequent mathematical treatment and graphical expression (SeDeM Diagram), three batches of the same API were analysed to determine whether it was suitable for direct compression. Batch-to-batch reproducibility of the results was verified. It was concluded that the SeDeM Method is suitable for testing batch-to-batch reproducibility of characteristics in powdered APIs substances. The results obtained confirm that the SeDeM Method is a useful, effective tool for drug-preformulation studies providing the pharmacotechnical data required when formulating a drug in tablet form. In addition, the results were effective for defining the most appropriate manufacturing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Pérez
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Pharmacy School, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Pérez-Lozano P, García-Montoya E, Orriols A, Miñarro M, Ticó JR, Suñé-Negre JM. A new validated method for the simultaneous determination of benzocaine, propylparaben and benzyl alcohol in a bioadhesive gel by HPLC. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2005; 39:920-7. [PMID: 16039086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2005.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2004] [Revised: 05/30/2005] [Accepted: 05/30/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new HPLC-RP method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of benzocaine, two preservatives (propylparaben (nipasol) and benzyl alcohol) and degradation products of benzocaine in a semisolid pharmaceutical dosage form (benzocaine gel). The method uses a Nucleosil 120 C18 column and gradient elution. The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of methanol and glacial acetic acid (10%, v/v) at different proportion according to a time-schedule programme, pumped at a flow rate of 2.0 ml min(-1). The DAD detector was set at 258 nm. The validation study was carried out fulfilling the ICH guidelines in order to prove that the new analytical method, meets the reliability characteristics, and these characteristics showed the capacity of analytical method to keep, throughout the time, the fundamental criteria for validation: selectivity, linearity, precision, accuracy and sensitivity. The method was applied during the quality control of benzocaine gel in order to quantify the drug (benzocaine), preservatives and degraded products and proved to be suitable for rapid and reliable quality control method.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pérez-Lozano
- Unit of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII s/n 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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17
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Pérez-Lozano P, García-Montoya E, Orriols A, Miñarro M, Ticó JR, Suñé-Negre JM. Development and validation of a new HPLC analytical method for the determination of alprazolam in tablets. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2004; 34:979-87. [PMID: 15019032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2003.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2003] [Revised: 12/12/2003] [Accepted: 12/12/2003] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A new analytical method is developed together with its latter validation study, by means of a high resolution liquid chromatography (HPLC) of reverse phase to quantify alprazolam (8-chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-[1,2,4] triazole [4,3,-alpha]-[1,4] benzodiazepine) in tablets. Determination is carried out by means of an ODS C18 column (200 mm x 4.6 mm i.d., 5 microm particle size); the mobile phase consisted of a mixture of 0.02 M buffer solution of phosphates (pH 6.0) and acetonitrile (45:55, v/v). It is pumped through the chromatographic system at a flow rate of 0.50 ml min(-1). The UV detector is operated at 254 nm. The validation study is carried out fulfilling the ICH guidelines in order to prove that the new analytical method, meets the reliability characteristics, and these characteristics show the capacity of an analytical method to keep, throughout the time, the fundamental criteria for validation: selectivity, linearity, precision, accuracy and sensitivity. The method is applied during the working day for the quality control of commercial alprazolam tablets in order to quantify the drug and its degradation products and to check the content uniformity test.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pérez-Lozano
- Unit of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII s/n 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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Miñarro M, García-Montoya E, Suñé-Negre JM, Ticó JR. Study of formulation parameters by factorial design in metoprolol tartrate matrix systems. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2001; 27:965-73. [PMID: 11763475 DOI: 10.1081/ddc-100107678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The study of formulation parameters in hydrophilic matrices of metoprolol tartrate by 2(3) factorial design wass made. We compared the dissolution profiles of two hydrophilic polymers (hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and hydroxyethylcellulose) at high and low concentrations and in the presence or absence of an insoluble excipient (calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate). The results showed that the presence of an insoluble excipient influenced almost all of the dissolution parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Miñarro
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Barcelona, Spain
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