1
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Das S, Li Z, Wachter A, Alla S, Noori A, Abdourahman A, Tamm JA, Woodbury ME, Talanian RV, Biber K, Karran EH, Hyman BT, Serrano‐Pozo A. Distinct transcriptomic responses to Aβ plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and APOE in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:74-90. [PMID: 37461318 PMCID: PMC10792109 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Omics studies have revealed that various brain cell types undergo profound molecular changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) but the spatial relationships with plaques and tangles and APOE-linked differences remain unclear. METHODS We performed laser capture microdissection of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques, the 50 μm halo around them, tangles with the 50 μm halo around them, and areas distant (> 50 μm) from plaques and tangles in the temporal cortex of AD and control donors, followed by RNA-sequencing. RESULTS Aβ plaques exhibited upregulated microglial (neuroinflammation/phagocytosis) and downregulated neuronal (neurotransmission/energy metabolism) genes, whereas tangles had mostly downregulated neuronal genes. Aβ plaques had more differentially expressed genes than tangles. We identified a gradient Aβ plaque > peri-plaque > tangle > distant for these changes. AD APOE ε4 homozygotes had greater changes than APOE ε3 across locations, especially within Aβ plaques. DISCUSSION Transcriptomic changes in AD consist primarily of neuroinflammation and neuronal dysfunction, are spatially associated mainly with Aβ plaques, and are exacerbated by the APOE ε4 allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshna Das
- Neurology DepartmentMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Massachusetts Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterCharlestownMassachusettsUSA
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Zhaozhi Li
- Neurology DepartmentMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Massachusetts Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterCharlestownMassachusettsUSA
| | - Astrid Wachter
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KGGenomics Research CenterLudwigshafenGermany
| | - Srinija Alla
- Neurology DepartmentMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Ayush Noori
- Neurology DepartmentMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Joseph A. Tamm
- AbbVie, Cambridge Research CenterCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | | | | | - Knut Biber
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KGNeuroscience Research CenterLudwigshafenGermany
| | - Eric H. Karran
- AbbVie, Cambridge Research CenterCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Bradley T. Hyman
- Neurology DepartmentMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Massachusetts Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterCharlestownMassachusettsUSA
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Alberto Serrano‐Pozo
- Neurology DepartmentMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Massachusetts Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterCharlestownMassachusettsUSA
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
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2
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Das S, Li Z, Wachter A, Alla S, Noori A, Abdourahman A, Tamm JA, Woodbury ME, Talanian RV, Biber K, Karran EH, Hyman BT, Serrano-Pozo A. Distinct Transcriptomic Responses to Aβ plaques, Neurofibrillary Tangles, and APOE in Alzheimer's Disease. bioRxiv 2023:2023.03.20.533303. [PMID: 36993332 PMCID: PMC10055287 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.20.533303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Omics studies have revealed that various brain cell types undergo profound molecular changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) but the spatial relationships with plaques and tangles and APOE -linked differences remain unclear. METHODS We performed laser capture microdissection of Aβ plaques, the 50μm halo around them, tangles with the 50μm halo around them, and areas distant (>50μm) from plaques and tangles in the temporal cortex of AD and control donors, followed by RNA-sequencing. RESULTS Aβ plaques exhibited upregulated microglial (neuroinflammation/phagocytosis) and downregulated neuronal (neurotransmission/energy metabolism) genes, whereas tangles had mostly downregulated neuronal genes. Aβ plaques had more differentially expressed genes than tangles. We identified a gradient Aβ plaque>peri-plaque>tangle>distant for these changes. AD APOE ε4 homozygotes had greater changes than APOE ε3 across locations, especially within Aβ plaques. DISCUSSION Transcriptomic changes in AD consist primarily of neuroinflammation and neuronal dysfunction, are spatially associated mainly with Aβ plaques, and are exacerbated by the APOE ε4 allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshna Das
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Neurology Dept. Boston, MA 02114
- Massachusetts Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Charlestown, MA 02129
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Zhaozhi Li
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Neurology Dept. Boston, MA 02114
- Massachusetts Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Astrid Wachter
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Genomics Research Center, Knollstrasse, 67061 Ludwigshafen
| | - Srinija Alla
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Neurology Dept. Boston, MA 02114
| | - Ayush Noori
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Neurology Dept. Boston, MA 02114
| | - Aicha Abdourahman
- AbbVie, Cambridge Research Center, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Joseph A. Tamm
- AbbVie, Cambridge Research Center, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Maya E. Woodbury
- AbbVie, Cambridge Research Center, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Robert V. Talanian
- AbbVie, Cambridge Research Center, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Knut Biber
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Neuroscience Research Center, Knollstrasse, 67061 Ludwigshafen
| | - Eric H. Karran
- AbbVie, Cambridge Research Center, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Bradley T. Hyman
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Neurology Dept. Boston, MA 02114
- Massachusetts Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Charlestown, MA 02129
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Alberto Serrano-Pozo
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Neurology Dept. Boston, MA 02114
- Massachusetts Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Charlestown, MA 02129
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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Kwon T, Lin G, Chancellor SE, Wachter A, Abdourahman A, Bennett RE, Liao F, Pastika T, Tamm JA, Venkat N, Yanamandra K, Grinberg Y, Kummer MP, Das S, Dellovade TL, Karran EH, Talanian RV, Biber K, Ried JS, Serrano‐Pozo A, Langlois X, Hyman BT. Tau pathology vulnerable neuronal subpopulation in Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.063430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gen Lin
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Ludwigshafen Germany
| | | | | | | | - Rachel E Bennett
- Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA
- Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
| | - Fan Liao
- AbbVie, Cambridge Research Center Cambridge MA USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sudeshna Das
- Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA
- Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA USA
- Massachusetts Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center Charlestown MA USA
| | | | | | | | - Knut Biber
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Ludwigshafen Germany
| | - Janina S Ried
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Ludwigshafen Germany
| | - Alberto Serrano‐Pozo
- Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA
- Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
- Massachusetts Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center Charlestown MA USA
| | | | - Bradley T. Hyman
- Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA
- Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
- Massachusetts Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center Charlestown MA USA
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4
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Duan L, Hu M, Tamm JA, Grinberg YY, Shen F, Chai Y, Xi H, Gibilisco L, Ravikumar B, Gautam V, Karran E, Townsend M, Talanian RV. Arrayed CRISPR reveals genetic regulators of tau aggregation, autophagy and mitochondria in Alzheimer's disease model. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2879. [PMID: 33536571 PMCID: PMC7859211 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82658-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease with poor prognosis. New options for drug discovery targets are needed. We developed an imaging based arrayed CRISPR method to interrogate the human genome for modulation of in vitro correlates of AD features, and used this to assess 1525 human genes related to tau aggregation, autophagy and mitochondria. This work revealed (I) a network of tau aggregation modulators including the NF-κB pathway and inflammatory signaling, (II) a correlation between mitochondrial morphology, respiratory function and transcriptomics, (III) machine learning predicted novel roles of genes and pathways in autophagic processes and (IV) individual gene function inferences and interactions among biological processes via multi-feature clustering. These studies provide a platform to interrogate underexplored aspects of AD biology and offer several specific hypotheses for future drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishu Duan
- Cambridge Research Center, AbbVie, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Mufeng Hu
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Joseph A Tamm
- Cambridge Research Center, AbbVie, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Yelena Y Grinberg
- Cambridge Research Center, AbbVie, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Fang Shen
- Cambridge Research Center, AbbVie, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Yating Chai
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Hualin Xi
- Cambridge Research Center, AbbVie, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Lauren Gibilisco
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Brinda Ravikumar
- Cambridge Research Center, AbbVie, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Vivek Gautam
- Cambridge Research Center, AbbVie, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Eric Karran
- Cambridge Research Center, AbbVie, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Matthew Townsend
- Cambridge Research Center, AbbVie, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Robert V Talanian
- Cambridge Research Center, AbbVie, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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5
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Waller JA, Nygaard SH, Li Y, du Jardin KG, Tamm JA, Abdourahman A, Elfving B, Pehrson AL, Sánchez C, Wernersson R. Neuroplasticity pathways and protein-interaction networks are modulated by vortioxetine in rodents. BMC Neurosci 2017; 18:56. [PMID: 28778148 PMCID: PMC5543755 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-017-0376-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The identification of biomarkers that predict susceptibility to major depressive disorder and treatment response to antidepressants is a major challenge. Vortioxetine is a novel multimodal antidepressant that possesses pro-cognitive properties and differentiates from other conventional antidepressants on various cognitive and plasticity measures. The aim of the present study was to identify biological systems rather than single biomarkers that may underlie vortioxetine’s treatment effects. Results We show that the biological systems regulated by vortioxetine are overlapping between mouse and rat in response to distinct treatment regimens and in different brain regions. Furthermore, analysis of complexes of physically-interacting proteins reveal that biomarkers involved in transcriptional regulation, neurodevelopment, neuroplasticity, and endocytosis are modulated by vortioxetine. A subsequent qPCR study examining the expression of targets in the protein–protein interactome space in response to chronic vortioxetine treatment over a range of doses provides further biological validation that vortioxetine engages neuroplasticity networks. Thus, the same biology is regulated in different species and sexes, different brain regions, and in response to distinct routes of administration and regimens. Conclusions A recurring theme, based on the present study as well as previous findings, is that networks related to synaptic plasticity, synaptic transmission, signal transduction, and neurodevelopment are modulated in response to vortioxetine treatment. Regulation of these signaling pathways by vortioxetine may underlie vortioxetine’s cognitive-enhancing properties. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12868-017-0376-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Waller
- External Sourcing and Scientific Excellence, Lundbeck Research U.S.A., Paramus, NJ, 07652, USA
| | | | - Yan Li
- External Sourcing and Scientific Excellence, Lundbeck Research U.S.A., Paramus, NJ, 07652, USA
| | | | - Joseph A Tamm
- In Vitro Biology, Lundbeck Research U.S.A., Paramus, NJ, 07652, USA
| | | | - Betina Elfving
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, 8240, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Alan L Pehrson
- External Sourcing and Scientific Excellence, Lundbeck Research U.S.A., Paramus, NJ, 07652, USA
| | - Connie Sánchez
- External Sourcing and Scientific Excellence, Lundbeck Research U.S.A., Paramus, NJ, 07652, USA.
| | - Rasmus Wernersson
- Intomics A/S, Diplomvej 377, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark. .,Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark.
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6
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Yin Z, Raj D, Saiepour N, Van Dam D, Brouwer N, Holtman IR, Eggen BJL, Möller T, Tamm JA, Abdourahman A, Hol EM, Kamphuis W, Bayer TA, De Deyn PP, Boddeke E. Immune hyperreactivity of Aβ plaque-associated microglia in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 55:115-122. [PMID: 28434692 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is strongly associated with microglia-induced neuroinflammation. Particularly, Aβ plaque-associated microglia take on an "activated" morphology. However, the function and phenotype of these Aβ plaque-associated microglia are not well understood. We show hyperreactivity of Aβ plaque-associated microglia upon systemic inflammation in transgenic AD mouse models (i.e., 5XFAD and APP23). Gene expression profiling of Aβ plaque-associated microglia (major histocompatibility complex II+ microglia) isolated from 5XFAD mice revealed a proinflammatory phenotype. The upregulated genes involved in the biological processes (gene ontology terms) included: "immune response to external stimulus" such as Axl, Cd63, Egr2, and Lgals3, "cell motility", such as Ccl3, Ccl4, Cxcr4, and Sdc3, "cell differentiation", and "system development", such as St14, Trpm1, and Spp1. In human AD tissue with similar Braak stages, expression of phagocytic markers and AD-associated genes, including HLA-DRA, APOE, AXL, TREM2, and TYROBP, was higher in laser-captured early-onset AD (EOAD) plaques than in late-onset AD plaques. Interestingly, the nonplaque parenchyma of both EOAD and late-onset AD brains, the expression of above-mentioned markers were similarly low. Here, we provide evidence that Aβ plaque-associated microglia are hyperreactive in their immune response and phagocytosis in the transgenic AD mice as well as in EOAD brain tissue. We suggest that Aβ plaque-associated microglia are the primary source of neuroinflammation related to AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoran Yin
- Section Medical Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Divya Raj
- Section Medical Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nasrin Saiepour
- Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Debby Van Dam
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nieske Brouwer
- Section Medical Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Inge R Holtman
- Section Medical Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bart J L Eggen
- Section Medical Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Möller
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit, Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Joseph A Tamm
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit, Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Aicha Abdourahman
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit, Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Elly M Hol
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Astrocyte biology & Neurodegeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Willem Kamphuis
- Astrocyte biology & Neurodegeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas A Bayer
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Biobank, Institute Born-Bunge, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Erik Boddeke
- Section Medical Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Kugathasan P, Waller J, Westrich L, Abdourahman A, Tamm JA, Pehrson AL, Dale E, Gulinello M, Sanchez C, Li Y. In vivo and in vitro effects of vortioxetine on molecules associated with neuroplasticity. J Psychopharmacol 2017; 31:365-376. [PMID: 27678087 DOI: 10.1177/0269881116667710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Neuroplasticity is fundamental for brain functions, abnormal changes of which are associated with mood disorders and cognitive impairment. Neuroplasticity can be affected by neuroactive medications and by aging. Vortioxetine, a multimodal antidepressant, has shown positive effects on cognitive functions in both pre-clinical and clinical studies. In rodent studies, vortioxetine increases glutamate neurotransmission, promotes dendritic branching and spine maturation, and elevates hippocampal expression of the activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc/Arg3.1) at the transcript level. The present study aims to assess the effects of vortioxetine on several neuroplasticity-related molecules in different experimental systems. Chronic (1 month) vortioxetine increased Arc/Arg3.1 protein levels in the cortical synaptosomes of young and middle-aged mice. In young mice, this was accompanied by an increase in actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin serine 3 phosphorylation without altering the total ADF/cofilin protein level, and an increase in the GluA1 subunit of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor phosphorylation at serine 845 (S845) without altering serine 831 (S831) GluA1 phosphorylation nor the total GluA1 protein level. Similar effects were detected in cultured rat hippocampal neurons: Acute vortioxetine increased S845 GluA1 phosphorylation without changing S831 GluA1 phosphorylation or the total GluA1 protein level. These changes were accompanied by an increase in α subunit of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMKIIα) phosphorylation (at threonine 286) without changing the total CaMKIIα protein level in cultured neurons. In addition, chronic (1 month) vortioxetine, but not fluoxetine, restored the age-associated reduction in Arc/Arg3.1 and c-Fos transcripts in the frontal cortex of middle-aged mice. Taken together, these results demonstrated that vortioxetine modulates molecular targets that are related to neuroplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Li
- 1 Lundbeck Research, Paramus, NJ, USA
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8
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Mazin W, Tamm JA, Antonijevic IA, Abdourahman A, Das M, Artymyshyn R, Søgaard B, Walker M, Savic D, Matic G, Damjanović S, Gether U, Werge T, Kessing LV, Ullum H, Haastrup E, Vermetten E, Markovitz P, Mosekilde E, Gerald CPG. A classifier driven approach to find biomarkers for affective disorders from transcription profiles in blood. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.18063/apm.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression profiles in blood are increasingly being used to identify biomarkers for different affective disorders. We have selected a set of 29 genes to generate expression profiles for healthy control subjects as well as for patients diagnosed with acute post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Measurements were performed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Using the actual data in an anonym-ous form we constructed a series of artificial data sets with known gene expression profiles. These sets were used to test 14 classification algorithms and feature selection methods for their ability to identify the correct expression patterns. Application of the three most effective algorithms to the actual expression data showed that control subjects can be dis-tinguished from BPD patients based on differential expression levels of the gene transcripts Gi2, GR and MAPK14, targets that may have links to stress related diseases. Controls can also be distinguished from acute PTSD patients by differential expression levels of the transcripts for ERK2 and RGS2 that are known to be associated with mood disord-ers and social anxiety. We conclude that it is possible to identify informative transcription profiles in blood samples from individuals with affective disorders.
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9
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Schmahl C, Arvastson L, Tamm JA, Bohus M, Abdourahman A, Antonijevic I. Gene expression profiles in relation to tension and dissociation in borderline personality disorder. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70787. [PMID: 23951008 PMCID: PMC3741306 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological underpinnings of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and its psychopathology including states of aversive tension and dissociation is poorly understood. Our goal was to examine transcriptional changes associated with states of tension or dissociation within individual patients in a pilot study. Dissociation is not only a critical symptom of BPD but has also been associated with higher risk for self-mutilation and depression. We conducted a whole blood gene expression profile analysis using quantitative PCR in 31 female inpatients with BPD. For each individual, two samples were drawn during a state of high tension and dissociation, while two samples were drawn at non-tension states. There was no association between gene expression and tension states. However, we could show that Interleukin-6 was positively correlated to dissociation scores, whereas Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms, Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 and 8, Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2, Beta-arrestin-1 and 2, and Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein were negatively correlated to dissociation. Our data point to a potential association of dissociation levels with the expression of genes involved in immune system regulation as well as cellular signalling/second-messenger systems. Major limitations of the study are the the possibly heterogeneous cell proportions in whole blood and the heterogeneous medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schmahl
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
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10
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Bonini JA, Jones KA, Adham N, Forray C, Artymyshyn R, Durkin MM, Smith KE, Tamm JA, Boteju LW, Lakhlani PP, Raddatz R, Yao WJ, Ogozalek KL, Boyle N, Kouranova EV, Quan Y, Vaysse PJ, Wetzel JM, Branchek TA, Gerald C, Borowsky B. Identification and characterization of two G protein-coupled receptors for neuropeptide FF. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:39324-31. [PMID: 11024015 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m004385200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system octapeptide, neuropeptide FF (NPFF), is believed to play a role in pain modulation and opiate tolerance. Two G protein-coupled receptors, NPFF1 and NPFF2, were isolated from human and rat central nervous system tissues. NPFF specifically bound to NPFF1 (K(d) = 1.13 nm) and NPFF2 (K(d) = 0.37 nm), and both receptors were activated by NPFF in a variety of heterologous expression systems. The localization of mRNA and binding sites of these receptors in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, the lateral hypothalamus, the spinal trigeminal nuclei, and the thalamic nuclei supports a role for NPFF in pain modulation. Among the receptors with the highest amino acid sequence homology to NPFF1 and NPFF2 are members of the orexin, NPY, and cholecystokinin families, which have been implicated in feeding. These similarities together with the finding that BIBP3226, an anorexigenic Y1 receptor ligand, also binds to NPFF1 suggest a potential role for NPFF1 in feeding. The identification of NPFF1 and NPFF2 will help delineate their roles in these and other physiological functions.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Arginine/analogs & derivatives
- Arginine/metabolism
- Binding Sites
- Brain/metabolism
- COS Cells
- Calcium/metabolism
- Chromosome Mapping
- Cloning, Molecular
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- DNA, Complementary/metabolism
- Electrophysiology
- Gene Library
- Humans
- Kinetics
- Ligands
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Oligopeptides/metabolism
- Oocytes
- Phosphatidylinositols/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Receptors, Cell Surface/chemistry
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/chemistry
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Tissue Distribution
- Xenopus
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Bonini
- Synaptic Pharmaceutical Corporation, Paramus, New Jersey 07652, USA.
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11
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Abstract
GABA(B) receptors are G-protein-coupled receptors that mediate inhibition throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems. A single cloned receptor, GABA(B)R1, which has at least three alternatively spliced forms, appears to account for the vast majority of binding sites in the brain for high-affinity antagonists. In heterologous expression systems GABA(B)R1 is poorly expressed on the plasma membrane and largely fails to couple to ion channels. A second gene, GABA(B)R2, which exhibits moderately low homology to GABA(B)R1, permits surface expression of GABA(B)R1 and the appearance of baclofen-sensitive K(+) and Ca(+1) currents. We review the data that supports a model of the native GABA(B) receptor as a heterodimer composed of GABA(B)R1 and GABA(B)R2 proteins. New data from mutagenesis experiments are presented that point to amino acid residues on GABA(B)R1 critical for ligand activation of the heterodimer. The possible role of GABA(B)R2 in signal transduction is also discussed. The interdependent nature of the two subunits for receptor function makes the GABA(B) receptor a useful model to explore the larger significance of GPCR dimerization for G-protein activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Jones
- Synaptic Pharmaceutical Corporation, Paramus, NJ 07652, USA.
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12
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Jones KA, Borowsky B, Tamm JA, Craig DA, Durkin MM, Dai M, Yao WJ, Johnson M, Gunwaldsen C, Huang LY, Tang C, Shen Q, Salon JA, Morse K, Laz T, Smith KE, Nagarathnam D, Noble SA, Branchek TA, Gerald C. GABA(B) receptors function as a heteromeric assembly of the subunits GABA(B)R1 and GABA(B)R2. Nature 1998; 396:674-9. [PMID: 9872315 DOI: 10.1038/25348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 778] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The principal inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) exerts its effects through two ligand-gated channels, GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors, and a third receptor, GABA(B) , which acts through G proteins to regulate potassium and calcium channels. Cells heterologously expressing the cloned DNA encoding the GABA(B)R1 protein exhibit high-affinity antagonist-binding sites, but they produce little of the functional activity expected from studies of endogenous GABA(B) receptors in the brain. Here we describe a new member of the GABA(B) polypeptide family, GABA(B)R2, that shows sequence homology to GABA(B)R1. Neither GABA(B)R1 nor GABA(B)R2, when expressed individually, activates GIRK-type potassium channels; however, the combination of GABA(B)R1 and GABA(B)R2 confers robust stimulation of channel activity. Both genes are co-expressed in individual neurons, and both proteins co-localize in transfected cells. Moreover, immunoprecipitation experiments indicate that the two polypeptides associate with each other, probably as heterodimers. Several G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) exist as high-molecular-weight species, consistent with the formation of dimers by these receptors, but the relevance of these species for the functioning of GPCRs has not been established. We have now shown that co-expression of two GPCR structures, GABA(B)R1 and GABA(B)R2, belonging to the same subfamily is essential for signal transduction by GABA(B) receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Jones
- Synaptic Pharmaceutical Corporation, Paramus, New Jersey 07652, USA.
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13
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Smith KE, Walker MW, Artymyshyn R, Bard J, Borowsky B, Tamm JA, Yao WJ, Vaysse PJ, Branchek TA, Gerald C, Jones KA. Cloned human and rat galanin GALR3 receptors. Pharmacology and activation of G-protein inwardly rectifying K+ channels. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:23321-6. [PMID: 9722565 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.36.23321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptide galanin has been implicated in the regulation of processes such as nociception, cognition, feeding behavior, and hormone secretion. Multiple galanin receptors are predicted to mediate its effects, but only two functionally coupled receptors have been reported. We now report the cloning of a third galanin receptor distinct from GALR1 and GALR2. The receptor, termed GALR3, was isolated from a rat hypothalamus cDNA library by both expression and homology cloning approaches. The rat GALR3 receptor cDNA can encode a protein of 370 amino acids with 35% and 52% identity to GALR1 and GALR2, respectively. Localization of mRNA by solution hybridization/RNase protection demonstrates that the GALR3 transcript is widely distributed, but expressed at low abundance, with the highest levels in the hypothalamus and pituitary. We also isolated the gene encoding the human homologue of GALR3. The human GALR3 receptor is 90% identical to rat GALR3 and contains 368 amino acids. Binding of porcine 125I-galanin to stably expressed rat and human GALR3 receptors is saturable (rat KD = 0.98 nM and human KD = 2.23 nM) and displaceable by galanin peptides and analogues in the following rank order: rat galanin, porcine galanin approximately M32, M35 approximately porcine galanin-(-7 to +29), galantide, human galanin > M40, galanin-(1-16) > [D-Trp2]galanin-(1-29), galanin-(3-29). This profile resembles that of the rat GALR1 and GALR2 receptors with the notable exception that human galanin, galanin-(1-16), and M40 show lower affinity at GALR3. In Xenopus oocytes, activation of rat and human GALR3 receptors co-expressed with potassium channel subunits GIRK1 and GIRK4 resulted in inward K+ currents characteristic of Gi/Go-coupled receptors. These data confirm the functional efficacy of GALR3 receptors and further suggest that GALR3 signaling pathways resemble those of GALR1 in that both can activate potassium channels linked to the regulation of neurotransmitter release.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Smith
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Pharmacology, Synaptic Pharmaceutical Corporation, Paramus, New Jersey 07652, USA.
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14
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Smith KE, Forray C, Walker MW, Jones KA, Tamm JA, Bard J, Branchek TA, Linemeyer DL, Gerald C. Expression cloning of a rat hypothalamic galanin receptor coupled to phosphoinositide turnover. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:24612-6. [PMID: 9305929 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.39.24612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptide galanin is widely distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems and participates in the regulation of processes such as nociception, cognition, feeding behavior, and insulin secretion. Multiple galanin receptors are predicted to underlie its physiological effects. We now report the isolation by expression cloning of a rat galanin receptor cDNA distinct from GALR1. The receptor, termed GALR2, was isolated from a rat hypothalamus cDNA library using a 125I-porcine galanin (125I-pGAL) binding assay. The GALR2 cDNA encoded a protein of 372 amino acids exhibiting 38% amino acid identity with rat GALR1. Binding of 125I-pGAL to transiently expressed GALR2 receptors was saturable (KD = 0.15 nM) and displaceable by galanin peptides and analogues in rank order: porcine galanin approximately M32 approximately M35 approximately M40 >/= galanin-(1-16) approximately M15 approximately [D-Trp2]galanin-(1-29) > C7 >> galanin-(3-29). This profile resembles that of the rat GALR1 receptor with the notable exception that [D-Trp2]galanin exhibited significant selectivity for GALR2 over GALR1. Activation of GALR2 receptors with porcine galanin and other galanin analogues increased inositol phospholipid turnover and intracellular calcium levels in stably transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells and generated calcium-activated chloride currents in Xenopus oocytes, suggesting that the rat GALR2 receptor is primarily coupled to the activation of phospholipase C.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Smith
- Department of Molecular Biology, Synaptic Pharmaceutical Corporation, Paramus, New Jersey 07652, USA.
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15
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Du P, Salon JA, Tamm JA, Hou C, Cui W, Walker MW, Adham N, Dhanoa DS, Islam I, Vaysse PJ, Dowling B, Shifman Y, Boyle N, Rueger H, Schmidlin T, Yamaguchi Y, Branchek TA, Weinshank RL, Gluchowski C. Modeling the G-protein-coupled neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor agonist and antagonist binding sites. Protein Eng 1997; 10:109-17. [PMID: 9089810 DOI: 10.1093/protein/10.2.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptors belong to the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily and mediate several physiological responses, such as blood pressure, food intake, sedation and memory retention. To understand the interactions between the NPY Y1 receptor subtype and its ligands, computer modeling was applied to the natural peptide agonist, NPY and a small molecule antagonist, BIBP3226. An agonist and antagonist binding domain was elucidated using mutagenesis data for the Y1 receptor as well as for other GPCR families. The agonist and antagonist ligands which were investigated appear to share common residues for their interaction within the transmembrane regions of the Y1 receptor structure, including Gln120, Asn283 and His306. This is in contrast to findings with tachykinin receptors where the binding domains of the non-peptide antagonists have very little in common with the binding domains of the agonist, substance-P. In addition, a hydrogen bond between the hydroxyl group of Tyr36 of NPY and the side chain of Gln219, an interaction that is absent in the model complex between Y1 and the antagonist BIBP3226, is proposed as one of the potential interactions necessary for receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Du
- Synaptic Pharmaceutical Corp., Paramus, NJ 07652, USA
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Wetzel JM, Salon JA, Tamm JA, Forray C, Craig D, Nakanishi H, Cui W, Vaysse PJ, Chiu G, Weinshank RL, Hartig PR, Branchek TA, Gluchowski C. Modeling and mutagenesis of the human alpha 1a-adrenoceptor: orientation and function of transmembrane helix V sidechains. Recept Channels 1996; 4:165-77. [PMID: 9014240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A 3-dimensional model of the seven transmembrane helical segments (TMs) of the human alpha 1a-adrenoceptor was initially built by analogy to the known structure of bacteriorhodopsin. However, the rotational orientation of TM V about its helical axis, and the roles of several TM V residues in ligand binding and receptor activation remained in question. Accordingly, we determined the effects of six site-specific mutations in TM V on binding affinity and functional potency of a structurally diverse series of agonists and antagonists. Mutation of Ser 192 and Phe 193 disrupted the binding of many of the tested ligands, as measured by displacement of [3H]prazosin. In addition, mutation of Ser 188, Ser 192, and Phe 193 disrupted receptor activation, as measured by [3H]inositol phosphate formation. On the basis of these results, a specific rotational orientation of TM V is proposed as part of a revised receptor model, which also takes into account more recently reported information about the structure of rhodopsin. This revised alpha 1a-adrenoceptor model accounts for direct interactions which are proposed between Ser 188 and Ser 192 and the meta and para hydroxyl groups of norepinephrine, respectively, in the G-protein coupled receptor state.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Humans
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Prazosin/pharmacology
- Protein Structure, Secondary/drug effects
- Radioligand Assay
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1/chemistry
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1/drug effects
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Wetzel
- Department of Chemistry, Synaptic Pharmaceutical Corporation, Paramus, NJ 07652, USA
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17
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Adham N, Tamm JA, Salon JA, Vaysse PJ, Weinshank RL, Branchek TA. A single point mutation increases the affinity of serotonin 5-HT1D alpha, 5-HT1D beta, 5-HT1E and 5-HT1F receptors for beta-adrenergic antagonists. Neuropharmacology 1994; 33:387-91. [PMID: 7984276 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(94)90068-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The serotonin 5-HT1B and 5-HT1A receptors bind certain beta-adrenergic antagonists, such as propranolol and pindolol, with high affinity. Other 5-HT1 receptors that display very low affinity for beta-adrenergic antagonists, have either a threonine (T) (5-HT1D alpha, 5-HT1D beta and 5-HT1E) or an alanine (A) (5-HT1F) residue in the homologous position in the seventh transmembrane domain. In the case of the human 5-HT1D beta receptor, replacement of this T with asparagine (N), dramatically increases its ability to bind beta-adrenergic antagonists. To assess whether other 5-HT1 receptors would behave similarly, we have used site-directed mutagenesis to replace the T or A in 5-HT1D alpha, 5-HT1E and 5-HT1F receptors with N. Both the wild-type and mutant genes were expressed transiently in COS-7 cells and radioligand binding studies were performed by using [3H]5-HT and [125I]iodocyanopindolol. Using [3H]5-HT, we found that the affinities of all the mutant receptors for propranolol and pindolol were significantly increased by 100-1000 fold, 5-HT1D alpha and 5-HT1F receptors showing the highest and the 5-HT1E receptor displaying the lowest affinity. On the other hand, the affinities for 5-HT were essentially unchanged as compared to the wild-type receptors. All mutant receptors bound [125I]iodocyanopindolol with high affinity, KD values ranging between 0.04 nM (mutant 5-HT1D alpha) and 0.57 nM (mutant 5-HT1E), whereas the wild-type receptors failed to show any specific binding with this radioligand in the same concentration range used for the mutant receptors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- N Adham
- Synaptic Pharmaceutical Corporation, Paramus, N.J. 07652
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