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Lee GY, McKenna S, Song YJC, Hutcheon A, Hockey SJ, Laidler R, Occhipinti JA, Perry C, Lindsay-Smith T, Ramsay A, Choi S, Feirer D, Shim AW, Cottle J, Mukherjee A, New J, Yu R, Scott EM, Freebairn L, Hickie IB. Strengthening mental health research outcomes through genuine partnerships with young people with lived or living experience: A pilot evaluation study. Health Expect 2023. [PMID: 37195575 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite increasing support for stakeholder inclusion in research, there is limited evaluative research to guide safe (i.e., youth-friendly) and meaningful (i.e., non-tokenistic) partnerships with young people with lived experience of mental ill-health in research. This paper describes a pilot evaluation and iterative design of a Youth Lived Experience Working Group (LEWG) protocol that was established by the Youth Mental Health and Technology team at The University of Sydney's Brain and Mind Centre, based on the results of two studies. METHODS Study one consisted of a pilot evaluation of the extent to which youth partners felt empowered to contribute, to qualitatively explore how LEWG processes could be improved. Youth partners completed online surveys, and results were shared over two LEWG meetings in 2021 to empower youth partners to collectively identify actions of positive change regarding LEWG processes. These meetings were audio-recorded and transcripts were subsequently coded using thematic analysis. Study two assessed whether LEWG processes and proposed improvements were acceptable and feasible from the perspective of academic researchers via an online survey in 2022. RESULTS Quantitative and qualitative data collected from nine youth partners and 42 academic researchers uncovered initial learnings regarding facilitators, motivators, and barriers to partnering with young people with lived experience in research. Implementing clear processes for youth partners and academic researchers on effective partnership strategies, providing training opportunities for youth partners to develop research skills, and providing regular updates on how youth partner contributions led to research outcomes were identified as key facilitators. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study provides insight into a growing international field on how to optimise participatory processes so that researchers and young people with lived experience can be better supported and engaged to make meaningful contributions to mental health research. We argue that more transparency is needed around participatory research processes so that partnerships with young people with lived experience are not merely tokenistic. CONSUMER CONTRIBUTIONS Our study has also been approved by and reflects the concepts and priorities of our youth lived experience partners and lived experience researchers, all of whom are authors of this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jo-An Occhipinti
- Brain and Mind Centre, New South Wales, Australia
- Computer Simulation & Advanced Research Technologies (CSART), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Skye Choi
- Brain and Mind Centre, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Joshua New
- Brain and Mind Centre, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca Yu
- Brain and Mind Centre, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Louise Freebairn
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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Wang S, Tsuchiya N, New J, Hurlemann R, Adolphs R. Preferential attention to animals and people is independent of the amygdala. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2014; 10:371-80. [PMID: 24795434 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsu065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The amygdala is thought to play a critical role in detecting salient stimuli. Several studies have taken ecological approaches to investigating such saliency, and argue for domain-specific effects for processing certain natural stimulus categories, in particular faces and animals. Linking this to the amygdala, neurons in the human amygdala have been found to respond strongly to faces and also to animals. However, the amygdala's necessary role for such category-specific effects at the behavioral level remains untested. Here we tested four rare patients with bilateral amygdala lesions on an established change-detection protocol. Consistent with prior published studies, healthy controls showed reliably faster and more accurate detection of people and animals, as compared with artifacts and plants. So did all four amygdala patients: there were no differences in phenomenal change blindness, in behavioral reaction time to detect changes or in eye-tracking measures. The findings provide decisive evidence against a critical participation of the amygdala in rapid initial processing of attention to animate stimuli, suggesting that the necessary neural substrates for this phenomenon arise either in other subcortical structures (such as the pulvinar) or within the cortex itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Computation and Neural Systems, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Decoding and Controlling Brain Information, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia, Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Department of Psychology, Barnard College, Columbia University New York, NY 10027, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Naotsugu Tsuchiya
- Computation and Neural Systems, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Decoding and Controlling Brain Information, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia, Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Department of Psychology, Barnard College, Columbia University New York, NY 10027, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany Computation and Neural Systems, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Decoding and Controlling Brain Information, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia, Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Department of Psychology, Barnard College, Columbia University New York, NY 10027, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany Computation and Neural Systems, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Decoding and Controlling Brain Information, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia, Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Department of Psychology, Barnard College, Columbia University New York, NY 10027, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Joshua New
- Computation and Neural Systems, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Decoding and Controlling Brain Information, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia, Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Department of Psychology, Barnard College, Columbia University New York, NY 10027, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Rene Hurlemann
- Computation and Neural Systems, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Decoding and Controlling Brain Information, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia, Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Department of Psychology, Barnard College, Columbia University New York, NY 10027, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ralph Adolphs
- Computation and Neural Systems, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Decoding and Controlling Brain Information, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia, Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Department of Psychology, Barnard College, Columbia University New York, NY 10027, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany Computation and Neural Systems, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Decoding and Controlling Brain Information, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia, Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Department of Psychology, Barnard College, Columbia University New York, NY 10027, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
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