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Regalado de Los Cobos J, Vrotsou K, Onaindia Ecenarro MJ, Isasi Otaolea J, Aramburu Zubiaurre M, Millet Sampedro M. [Proposing a workload indicator for hospital at home patients in Osakidetza - Basque Public Health Service]. J Healthc Qual Res 2024; 39:80-88. [PMID: 38123403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhqr.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The Hospital at Home (HaH) setting currently lacks adequate workload indicators. This study suggests an indicator that can help in improving professional resources allocation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prospective data was collected during May 2021 from patients treated in nine HaH units of Osakidetza-Basque Health Service (North of Spain). Direct care and travel times of healthcare staff was recorded. Data on inpatient days, number of visits, sociodemographic variables, health status, and patient pathologies, among others, were collected. The proposed indicator encompasses both the average visit time and the visit rates. It is called intensity and represents the average daily workload time per patient. RESULTS A total of n = 1,171 users were included in the analyses. Their mean age was 69.8 years, 45.5% were women and 25% lived more than 12 km away from the corresponding HaH unit. Workload variations were observed for nursing-only and medical-nursing teams, depending on the type of day and patient classification group. The average nursing-only teams workload time on working days was 10.82 min and on non-working days it was 14.78 min. The average workload time for medical-nursing teams, during the same days, was 20.40 min and 4.59 min, respectively. It was observed that certain patient types, like those in palliative care, represented a high workload for medical-nursing teams on working days. CONCLUSIONS The intensity indicator can help answering the question of how many patients can be assigned to a professional. It can also be used to adjust the staffing needs of the HaH units.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Regalado de Los Cobos
- Osakidetza, Unidad de Hospitalización a Domicilio, Hospital Universitario de Araba, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba, España
| | - K Vrotsou
- Dirección de Atención Sanitaria de Osakidetza, Unidad de Investigación AP-OSIS de Gipuzkoa, San Sebastián, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, Grupo de Atención Primaria, San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, España; Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), España.
| | - M J Onaindia Ecenarro
- Unidad de Hospitalización a Domicilio, Hospital Universitario Galdakao-Usansolo, Galdakao, Bizkaia, España
| | - J Isasi Otaolea
- Unidad de Hospitalización a Domicilio, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, Bizkaia, España
| | - M Aramburu Zubiaurre
- Unidad de Hospitalización a Domicilio, Hospital Universitario Donostia, Gipuzkoa, España
| | - M Millet Sampedro
- Unidad de Hospitalización a Domicilio, Hospital Bidasoa, Hondarribia, Gipuzkoa, España
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Vrotsou K, Orive-Calzada M, González N, Vergara I, Pascual-Fernández N, Guerra-López C, García-Montes R, Ortiz-Ribes J, Onaindia-Ecenarro MJ, Regalado-de Los Cobos J, Millet-Sampedro M. [Factors associated with the hospital at home workload: A Delphi consensus study]. J Healthc Qual Res 2022:S2603-6479(22)00075-6. [PMID: 36272932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhqr.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify and prioritize a list of factors that contribute to the workload of the hospital at home (HaH) professionals. MATERIAL AND METHODS A qualitative methodology study performed between January and December 2019 in the 10 HAH units of the Basque Country. The data were obtained in 4phases: 1. Systematic literature search and review; 2. Expert group meeting; 3. Consensus method: Delphi technique (2 survey rounds) and nominal group meeting; 4. Meeting of the research team. RESULTS In the systematic literature search and review 85 factors were initially identified. These were reduced to 38 after the 8-person expert group meeting, in which 10 new factors were added. After the 2 Delphi rounds (106 and 57 professionals, respectively), 17 factors were maintained and 12 remained in doubt. The latter were evaluated at the nominal group meeting, consisting of 13 professionals who decided to eliminate 5 factors, include 3, and keep 3 as doubt. After the 8-person research team meeting, 14 potential factors were finally selected. They are related to the place of residence, the health state and social situation of the patients, as well as the health care provided at home. CONCLUSIONS The identified factors could serve for improving the organization and optimize the daily word of the HaH professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Vrotsou
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, Grupo de Atención Primaria, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC); Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), España.
| | - M Orive-Calzada
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC); Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), España; Departamento de Psicología Social, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba, España
| | - N González
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC); Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), España; Instituto de Investigación en Servicios de Salud Kronikgune, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, España; Osakidetza, Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Galdakao-Usansolo, Galdakao, Bizkaia, España
| | - I Vergara
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, Grupo de Atención Primaria, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC); Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), España
| | - N Pascual-Fernández
- Osakidetza, Unidad de Hospitalización a Domicilio, Hospital Bidasoa, Hondarribia, Gipuzkoa, España
| | - C Guerra-López
- Osakidetza, Unidad de Hospitalización a Domicilio, Hospital Bidasoa, Hondarribia, Gipuzkoa, España
| | - R García-Montes
- Osakidetza, Unidad de Hospitalización a Domicilio, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, España
| | - J Ortiz-Ribes
- Osakidetza, Unidad de Hospitalización a Domicilio, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, España
| | - M J Onaindia-Ecenarro
- Osakidetza, Unidad de Hospitalización a Domicilio, Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo, Galdakao, Bizkaia, España
| | - J Regalado-de Los Cobos
- Osakidetza, Unidad de Hospitalización a Domicilio, Hospital Universitario de Araba, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba, España
| | - M Millet-Sampedro
- Osakidetza, Unidad de Hospitalización a Domicilio, Hospital Bidasoa, Hondarribia, Gipuzkoa, España
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Etxeberria A, Iribar J, Vrotsou K, Rotaeche R, Barral I, Barral I, Belzunegui J, Bustinduy A, Caso J, Del Bosque C, Etxeberria A, Frias O, Iribar J, Lekuona A, Lombera L, López B, Núñez J, Olasagasti B, Rotaeche R, Royo I, Vrotsou K, Zapata E, Zubeldia X. [Evaluation of the collaboration between Primary and Hospital Care in order to improve inappropriate prescription]. J Healthc Qual Res 2021; 36:91-97. [PMID: 33495114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhqr.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate the implementation of a collaborative experience between Primary (PC) and Hospital Care (HC) aimed at reducing potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) in patients with polypharmacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Collaborative experience including a controlled before-after intervention study, carried out in the Donostialdea Integrated Health Organization (IHO), with Bilbao Basurto IHO as control group, Osakidetza, Basque Health Service. Participant were 227 PC physicians and physicians from 7 hospital services, and patients with 5 or more drugs meeting at least one PIP criteria. The intervention consisted of communication and knowledge between professionals, PC-HC consensus, training, identification of patients at risk, medication review, evaluation and feed-back. The collaboration process (agreements, consensus documents, training activities) and the change in the prevalence of PIP in polymedicated patients (using computerised health records) were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 21 PIP criteria and 6 recommendation documents were agreed. An analysis was performed on 15,570 PIP from OSI Donostialdea and 24,866 from the control group. The prevalence of PIP in polymedicated patients was reduced by -4.53% (95% CI: -4.71 to -4.36, P< .0001) in comparison with the control group. The before-after differences were statistically significant across the 7 services. CONCLUSIONS PC-HC collaboration is feasible and, along with other intervention components, reduces inappropriate polypharmacy in the context of a recently integrated healthcare organisation. The collaboration process is complex and requires continuous monitoring, policy involvement, leadership that encourages health professional participation, and intensive use of information systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Etxeberria
- Osakidetza, OSI Donostialdea, Farmacia Atención Primaria, Hernani, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, Grupo de Atención Primaria, Donostia-San Sebastián, España
| | - J Iribar
- Osakidetza, OSI Donostialdea, Farmacia Atención Primaria, Hernani, España.
| | - K Vrotsou
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, Grupo de Atención Primaria, Donostia-San Sebastián, España; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), España; Instituto de Investigación en Servicios de Salud Kronikgune, Torre del BEC, Barakaldo, España
| | - R Rotaeche
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, Grupo de Atención Primaria, Donostia-San Sebastián, España; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), España; Osakidetza, OSI Donostialdea, Centro de Salud de Alza, Donostia-San Sebastián, España
| | - I Barral
- Osakidetza, Hospital Universitario Donostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, España
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Machón M, Mateo-Abad M, Vrotsou K, Vergara I. HEALTH STATUS AND LIFESTYLE HABITS OF VULNERABLE, COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER PEOPLE DURING THE COVID-19 LOCKDOWN. J Frailty Aging 2021; 10:286-289. [PMID: 34105714 PMCID: PMC8024174 DOI: 10.14283/jfa.2021.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the health status and lifestyle habits of vulnerable, community-dwelling older adults during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Spain. A telephone assessment was carried out in 38 individuals (71% women), with a Barthel index ≥85 who were frail or had a high risk of falls. Data were compared with those from an assessment performed 9 months earlier. In the latter part of the lockdown, a high percentage of the studied individuals showed difficulties in walking up 10 steps and reported sleep problems (66%) and pain (74%). On the other hand, participants were not anxious/depressed (71%) and the majority did not report loneliness (60%). Compared to the earlier assessment, we identified a decline in functional capacity and worsening of nutritional status, but an increase in family support. Efforts should be made to implement intervention programs seeking to avoid accelerated decline under the current pandemic situation, and especially during possible new lockdowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Machón
- Mónica Machón Sobrado, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, Paseo Doctor Beguiristian s/n, 20014 San Sebastián (Gipuzkoa), Spain, Tel. +34943006086; Fax: +34943006250; e-mail:
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Vergara I, Rivas-Ruiz F, Machon M, Padilla-Ruiz M, Vrotsou K, Contreras-Fernández E, Isabel Diez A. TACKLING FRAILTY AT PRIMARY CARE SETTINGS: COMPARISON OF IDENTIFICATION TOOLS: BASELINE RESULTS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.4126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I. Vergara
- Biodonostia Health Research Institutte; Osakidetza, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain,
- REDISSEC, Malaga, Spain,
| | - F. Rivas-Ruiz
- Distrito Atencion Primaria Costa del Sol, Malaga, Spain,
- REDISSEC, Malaga, Spain,
| | - M. Machon
- Biodonostia Health Research Institutte; Osakidetza, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain,
- REDISSEC, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain,
| | | | - K. Vrotsou
- Biodonostia Health Research Institutte; Osakidetza, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain,
- REDISSEC, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain,
| | | | - A. Isabel Diez
- Biodonostia Health Research Institutte; Osakidetza, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain,
- OSI Donostialdea, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
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Abstract
To determine whether an educational event can affect treatment choice for ano-genital warts, genitourinary medicine clinicians attending a wart management lecture were shown 14 photographs of genital warts of differing morphology at different sites and asked to choose their preferred method of treatment. Study questionnaires were completed pre-lecture and repeated after the lecture and discussion. Podophyllin was chosen significantly less frequently and cryotherapy more frequently post-lecture for certain wart types. Podophyllotoxin was favoured for multiple small penile and posterior fourchette warts, whereas imiquimod was chosen predominantly for large or bulky lesions. Trichloracetic acid was infrequently chosen as a treatment option (<6% of respondents). This study has shown that clinicians attending a lecture on the management of ano-genital warts do change their treatment choice for certain clinical scenarios. Whether opting for a particular treatment in a lecture setting translates to altered practice in the clinical setting requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sonnex
- Department of GU Medicine, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK.
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Martín-Lesende I, Vergara I, Vrotsou K, Lopetegui P, Nuñez J, Sánchez I, Bueno A, Diez A. P-216: Validation of ”VIDA questionnaire” for assessing instrumental activities of daily living; aspects connecting to frailty. Eur Geriatr Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1878-7649(15)30314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Machón M, Vergara I, Silvestre C, Pérez P, Alías G, Vrotsou K. [Cross-cultural adaptation into Spanish of the Nursing Home Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 29:99-103. [PMID: 24361337 DOI: 10.1016/j.cali.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article presents the first phase of a research project aimed at adapting a tool for assessing safety culture in nursing homes into Spanish. MATERIAL AND METHODS The Nursing Home on Patient Safety Culture of the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality was translated and culturally adapted. The International Quality of Life Assessment protocol was followed, which included, translation, conceptual equivalence evaluation, back-translation, content validity and a pilot study. RESULTS Three of the 42 items were modified with respect to the original version. The remaining modifications were introduced in the F Section, containing sociodemographic information and job related questions. CONCLUSIONS The adapted questionnaire will help to assess the level of safety of the resident culture among healthcare professionals in these centres, to identity areas for improvement, and to analyze how to evolve when organizational changes are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Machón
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), España; Unidad de Investigación de Atención Primaria-OSIs Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastián, España; Centro de Investigación en Cronicidad KRONIKGUNE, Bilbao, España.
| | - I Vergara
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), España; Unidad de Investigación de Atención Primaria-OSIs Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastián, España; Centro de Investigación en Cronicidad KRONIKGUNE, Bilbao, España
| | - C Silvestre
- Unidad de Calidad, Osakidetza, Donostia-San Sebastián, España
| | - P Pérez
- Agencia de Calidad Sanitaria de Andalucía, Sevilla, España
| | - G Alías
- Matia Fundazioa-Matia Instituto Gerontológico, Donostia-San Sebastián, España
| | - K Vrotsou
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), España; Unidad de Investigación de Atención Primaria-OSIs Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastián, España; Centro de Investigación en Cronicidad KRONIKGUNE, Bilbao, España
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Escobar A, Gonzalez M, Quintana JM, Vrotsou K, Bilbao A, Herrera-Espiñeira C, Garcia-Perez L, Aizpuru F, Sarasqueta C. Patient acceptable symptom state and OMERACT-OARSI set of responder criteria in joint replacement. Identification of cut-off values. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2012; 20:87-92. [PMID: 22155074 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2011.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Revised: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify new cut-off values beyond which patients can be considered as satisfied or as responders through patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) and OMERACT-OARSI (Outcome Measures in Rheumatology-Osteoarthritis Research Society International) set of responder criteria in total joint replacement. METHODS Secondary analysis of a 1-year prospective multicenter study of 861 patients, 510 with total knee replacement (TKR) and 351 with total hip prosthesis (THR). Pain and function data were collected by the reverse scoring option of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). PASS values were identified with the 25th centile estimation using an anchoring question about satisfaction with actual symptoms. OMERACT-OARSI set of responder criteria was based on a combination of absolute and relative change of pain, function and global patient's assessment. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used as a complementary approach. RESULTS The values for PASS were about 80 and 69 for pain and function in THR, while these values were 80 and 68 when using OMERACT-OARSI criteria. Regarding TKR, PASS values were about 75 and 67 in pain and function with both criteria. ROC values were slightly lower in all cases. PASS and OMERACT-OARSI values varied moderately across tertiles of baseline severity. CONCLUSION With the provided data we can establish when a patient can be considered as satisfied/responder in joint replacement. The scores achieved at 1 year were very similar according to both criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Escobar
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital de Basurto - CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain.
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Pfleiderer AG, Ahmad N, Draper MR, Vrotsou K, Smith WK. The timing of calcium measurements in helping to predict temporary and permanent hypocalcaemia in patients having completion and total thyroidectomies. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2009; 91:140-6. [PMID: 19317937 DOI: 10.1308/003588409x359349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Postoperative hypocalaemia commonly occurs after extensive thyroid surgery and may require calcium and/or vitamin D supplements to alleviate or prevent the symptoms. In this study, we determined the risk factors for developing hypocalcaemia and whether early serum calcium levels can predict the development of or differentiate between temporary or permanent hypocalcaemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 162 patients who either had a completion or total thyroidectomy formed the basis of this prospective study. Serial serum calcium measurements were recorded as well as details of the operation, pathology, indications for surgery, number of parathyroids identified at operation and any complications. RESULTS Eighty-four (52%) patients did not develop hypocalcaemia but 69 (43%) were found to have temporary hypocalcaemia and 9 (5%) had permanent hypocalcaemia. Hypocalcaemia was more common after total than completion thyroidectomies and the identification of parathyroids at operation appears to have a significant adverse effect on outcome. The calcium levels measured on day 1 postoperatively and the slope (serum calcium levels of day 1 postoperative minus day of operation) were statistically significant in predicting the development of hypocalcaemia and possibly to differentiate between temporary or permanent hypocalcaemia. DISCUSSION Although almost half the patients having extensive thyroid surgery developed hypocalcaemia (as defined by any postoperative corrected serum calcium level of < 2.12 mmol/l) only 24% had a serum calcium of < 2.12 mmol/l associated with clinical symptoms of hypocalcaemia or a calcium level of < 2.0 mmol/l. Only 5% had persistent hypocalcaemia defined as requiring exogenous supplements at 6 months' postoperatively. Patients having a completion thyroidectomy appear to be less likely to develop hypocalcaemia perhaps as a result of any iatrogenic effects on the parathyroids at the first operation being reversed before the second operation. Identification and, therefore, exposure of parathyroids at operation may have an adverse effect on the blood supply to the glands affecting their function. CONCLUSIONS Serum calcium levels measured 6 hours' post-surgery and on day 1 postoperatively can be useful in predicting if the patient will develop hypocalcaemia and the slope may indicate whether the hypocalcaemia will be temporary or permanent. Patients with toxic goitres and those having a one-stage total thyroidectomy are most at risk of developing hypocalcaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Pfleiderer
- Department of Otolaryngology, Edith Cavell Hospital, Peterborough, UK.
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Abstract
Cancer-related fatigue is the most prevalent and distressing symptom experienced by patients with advanced cancer. Central nervous system stimulants have been shown to relieve fatigue in nonmalignant disease. Modafinil is a stimulant with a selective site of action in the brain that is better tolerated than traditional stimulants, such as methylphenidate. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of modafinil for the treatment of fatigue in patients with lung cancer. Twenty patients with non-small cell lung cancer were recruited to this open-label study. Modafinil was taken in a fixed dose-titration schedule of 100 mg daily for 7 days followed by 200 mg daily for 7 days. Fifteen patients completed the study. During the study period, there was a rapid and statistically significant reduction in the primary outcome, fatigue (P = 0.001) and the secondary outcomes of daytime sleepiness and depression/anxiety. This improvement in fatigue was also clinically significant. Ten patients chose to continue modafinil after the study and the drug was well-tolerated. It would be both feasible and worthwhile to conduct a definitive randomised controlled trial to determine the role of modafinil in the treatment of cancer-related fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Spathis
- Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
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Dahlmann-Noor AH, Vrotsou K, Kostakis V, Brown J, Heath J, Iron A, McGill S, Vivian AJ. Vision screening in children by Plusoptix Vision Screener compared with gold-standard orthoptic assessment. Br J Ophthalmol 2008; 93:342-5. [PMID: 19019940 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2008.138115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To evaluate a new autorefractor, the Plusoptix Vision Screener (PVS), as a screening tool to detect risk factors for amblyopia by comparing it with gold-standard orthoptic vision screening in children. METHODS Community-based screening study including 288 children age 4-7 years who were screened with the PVS and by orthoptic assessment (distance acuity, cover test, extraocular movements, 20 PD prism test, Lang stereotest). Follow-up comprehensive eye examination of screening-positive children included manual cycloplegic retinoscopy. RESULTS Testability was high for both methods. Orthoptic screening identified 36 children with reduced vision and/or factors associated with amblyopia (referral rate 12.5%). The PVS identified 16 children with potential vision problems (referral rate 5.6%), indicating only moderate sensitivity (44%; 95% CI 27.9 to 61.9%), but high specificity (100%; 95% CI 98.5 to 100%) to detect factors associated with amblyopia. The PVS underestimated visually significant refractive errors. CONCLUSIONS Use of the PVS as single screening test in young children may miss a significant number of children with amblyopia or amblyogenic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Dahlmann-Noor
- Eye Treatment Centre, West Suffolk Hospital NHS Trust, Hardwick Lane, Bury St Edmunds IP33 2QZ, UK
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Dahlmann-Noor AH, Comyn O, Kostakis V, Misra A, Gupta N, Heath J, Brown J, Iron A, McGill S, Vrotsou K, Vivian AJ. Plusoptix Vision Screener: the accuracy and repeatability of refractive measurements using a new autorefractor. Br J Ophthalmol 2008; 93:346-9. [PMID: 19001013 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2008.138123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Plusoptix Vision Screener (PVS) is a new non-cycloplegic videoretinoscopy autorefractor. Refractive accuracy may affect its performance as a screening tool. AIMS Study 1: To determine the intra- and interobserver variability of PVS measurements. Study 2: To compare PVS measurements with gold-standard manual cycloplegic retinoscopy (MCR). METHODS Study 1: PVS refraction of 103 children with mean (SD) age 5.5 (0.6) years by two observers. Study 2: PVS and MCR refraction of 126 children with mean (SD) age 5.5 (1.5) years, including 43 children with manifest strabismus >/=5 PD, comparing mean spherical equivalent (MSE) and Jackson cross cylinders J(0) and J(45). RESULTS Study 1: Repeatability coefficients (observer 1): MSE: 0.63 D, J(0): 0.24 D, J(45): 0.18 D; those of observer 2 were nearly identical. The mean difference (95% limits of agreement) between the two observers for MSE, J(0) and J(45) were, respectively, 0.03 (-0.62 to 0.68 D), -0.008 (-0.25 to 0.23 D) and 0.013 (-0.18 to 0.20) D. Study 2: MSE tended to be lower on PVS than MCR, with differences of up to 8.00 D. Less than 20% of values were within +/-0.50 D of each other. Agreement was better for J(0) and J(45). Strabismus was associated with an odds ratio of 3.7 (95% CI 1.3 to 10.5) of the PVS failing to obtain a reading. CONCLUSIONS The PVS may underestimate children's refractive error.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Dahlmann-Noor
- Eye Treatment Centre, West Suffolk Hospital NHS Trust, Hardwick Lane, Bury St Edmunds IP33 2QZ, UK
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Spathis A, Dhillan R, Booden D, Forbes K, Vrotsou K, Fife K. Modafinil for the treatment of fatigue in lung cancer: a pilot study. Lung Cancer 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(08)70013-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Gkrania-Klotsas E, Chew RC, Vrotsou K. Seasonal Variation of Group a Streptococcus (GAS) - Related Necrotising Fasciitis Cases in a UK Teaching Hospital. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.2174/1874279300802010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Palep-Singh M, Picton HM, Vrotsou K, Maruthini D, Balen AH. South Asian women with polycystic ovary syndrome exhibit greater sensitivity to gonadotropin stimulation with reduced fertilization and ongoing pregnancy rates than their Caucasian counterparts. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2007; 134:202-7. [PMID: 17367914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2007.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2006] [Revised: 11/30/2006] [Accepted: 02/13/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous syndrome. In vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is required for PCOS cases that are refractory to standard ovulation induction or have co-existing infertility factors in women with PCOS and Tubal factor subfertility. OBJECTIVES Assess ethnic variations in response to IVF/ICSI treatment. STUDY DESIGN Observational Comparative study in a University hospital fertility clinic in women with PCOS and Tubal factor subfertility. Women with PCOS (Asians: AP=104; Caucasians: CP=220) and those with tubal factor infertility seeking fertility treatment were assessed (Asians: AC=84; Caucasians: CC=200). Six hundred and eight fresh IVF or ICSI cycles using long protocol of GnRHa suppression and resulting in a fresh embryo transfer were compared. The primary endpoint was to assess the dose of gonadotropins used in the cycles. The secondary outcomes were: total number of oocytes retrieved, fertilization and ongoing clinical pregnancy rates. RESULTS We found that the South Asian women presented at a younger age for the management of sub-fertility. An extended stimulation phase and Caucasian ethnicity showed an inverse correlation with the number of oocytes retrieved in the PCOS subgroup. Caucasian ethnicity was associated with a higher fertilization rate however increase in body mass index (BMI) and the laboratory technique of IVF appeared to have a negative impact on fertilization rates in the PCOS subgroup. Commencing down regulation on day 1 of the cycles was negatively associated with fertilization rates in the tubal group. In terms of clinical pregnancy rates, the Caucasian PCOS had a 2.5 times (95% CI: 1.25-5) higher chance of an ongoing clinical pregnancy as compared with their Asian counterpart. Also, a unit increase in the basal FSH concentration reduced the odds of pregnancy by 18.6% (95% CI: 1.8-32.6%) in the PCOS group. CONCLUSIONS The Asian PCOS have a greater sensitivity to gonadotropin stimulation with lower fertilization and ongoing clinical pregnancy rates as compared with their Caucasian counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Palep-Singh
- Reproductive Medicine Unit, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, C Floor Clarendon Wing, Belmont Grove, Leeds LS2 9NS, UK.
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