1
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Steffens S, Schröder K, Krüger M, Maack C, Streckfuss-Bömeke K, Backs J, Backofen R, Baeßler B, Devaux Y, Gilsbach R, Heijman J, Knaus J, Kramann R, Linz D, Lister AL, Maatz H, Maegdefessel L, Mayr M, Meder B, Nussbeck SY, Rog-Zielinska EA, Schulz MH, Sickmann A, Yigit G, Kohl P. The challenges of research data management in cardiovascular science: a DGK and DZHK position paper-executive summary. Clin Res Cardiol 2024; 113:672-679. [PMID: 37847314 PMCID: PMC11026239 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-023-02303-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The sharing and documentation of cardiovascular research data are essential for efficient use and reuse of data, thereby aiding scientific transparency, accelerating the progress of cardiovascular research and healthcare, and contributing to the reproducibility of research results. However, challenges remain. This position paper, written on behalf of and approved by the German Cardiac Society and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, summarizes our current understanding of the challenges in cardiovascular research data management (RDM). These challenges include lack of time, awareness, incentives, and funding for implementing effective RDM; lack of standardization in RDM processes; a need to better identify meaningful and actionable data among the increasing volume and complexity of data being acquired; and a lack of understanding of the legal aspects of data sharing. While several tools exist to increase the degree to which data are findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR), more work is needed to lower the threshold for effective RDM not just in cardiovascular research but in all biomedical research, with data sharing and reuse being factored in at every stage of the scientific process. A culture of open science with FAIR research data should be fostered through education and training of early-career and established research professionals. Ultimately, FAIR RDM requires permanent, long-term effort at all levels. If outcomes can be shown to be superior and to promote better (and better value) science, modern RDM will make a positive difference to cardiovascular science and practice. The full position paper is available in the supplementary materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Steffens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Martina Krüger
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Maack
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Medical Clinic 1, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Streckfuss-Bömeke
- Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Backs
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rolf Backofen
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Baeßler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Ralf Gilsbach
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jordi Heijman
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jochen Knaus
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dominik Linz
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Allyson L Lister
- Oxford E-Research Centre (OeRC), Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Henrike Maatz
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manuel Mayr
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, London, UK
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin Meder
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sara Y Nussbeck
- Department of Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
- Central Biobank UMG, UMG, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eva A Rog-Zielinska
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marcel H Schulz
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Albert Sickmann
- Leibniz-Institut Für Analytische Wissenschaften, ISAS, E.V., Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gökhan Yigit
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter Kohl
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Bianconi S, Oliveira KMC, Klein KL, Wolf J, Schaible A, Schröder K, Barker J, Marzi I, Leppik L, Henrich D. Pretreatment of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Electrical Stimulation as a Strategy to Improve Bone Tissue Engineering Outcomes. Cells 2023; 12:2151. [PMID: 37681884 PMCID: PMC10487010 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrical stimulation (EStim), whether used alone or in combination with bone tissue engineering (BTE) approaches, has been shown to promote bone healing. In our previous in vitro studies, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were exposed to EStim and a sustained, long-lasting increase in osteogenic activity was observed. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that pretreating MSC with EStim, in 2D or 3D cultures, before using them to treat large bone defects would improve BTE treatments. Critical size femur defects were created in 120 Sprague-Dawley rats and treated with scaffold granules seeded with MSCs that were pre-exposed or not (control group) to EStim 1 h/day for 7 days in 2D (MSCs alone) or 3D culture (MSCs + scaffolds). Bone healing was assessed at 1, 4, and 8 weeks post-surgery. In all groups, the percentage of new bone increased, while fibrous tissue and CD68+ cell count decreased over time. However, these and other healing features, like mineral density, bending stiffness, the amount of new bone and cartilage, and the gene expression of osteogenic markers, did not significantly differ between groups. Based on these findings, it appears that the bone healing environment could counteract the long-term, pro-osteogenic effects of EStim seen in our in vitro studies. Thus, EStim seems to be more effective when administered directly and continuously at the defect site during bone healing, as indicated by our previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Bianconi
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (K.-L.K.); (J.W.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (L.L.); (D.H.)
| | - Karla M. C. Oliveira
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (K.-L.K.); (J.W.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (L.L.); (D.H.)
| | - Kari-Leticia Klein
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (K.-L.K.); (J.W.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (L.L.); (D.H.)
| | - Jakob Wolf
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (K.-L.K.); (J.W.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (L.L.); (D.H.)
| | - Alexander Schaible
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (K.-L.K.); (J.W.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (L.L.); (D.H.)
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Vascular Research Centre, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - John Barker
- Frankfurt Initiative for Regenerative Medicine, Experimental Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (K.-L.K.); (J.W.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (L.L.); (D.H.)
| | - Liudmila Leppik
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (K.-L.K.); (J.W.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (L.L.); (D.H.)
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (K.-L.K.); (J.W.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (L.L.); (D.H.)
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Söhling N, Heilani M, Fremdling C, Schaible A, Schröder K, Brune JC, Eras V, Nau C, Marzi I, Henrich D, Verboket RD. One Stage Masquelets Technique: Evaluation of Different Forms of Membrane Filling with and without Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells (BMC) in Large Femoral Bone Defects in Rats. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091289. [PMID: 37174689 PMCID: PMC10177115 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The classic two-stage masquelet technique is an effective procedure for the treatment of large bone defects. Our group recently showed that one surgery could be saved by using a decellularized dermis membrane (DCD, Epiflex, DIZG). In addition, studies with bone substitute materials for defect filling show that it also appears possible to dispense with the removal of syngeneic cancellous bone (SCB), which is fraught with complications. The focus of this work was to clarify whether the SCB can be replaced by the granular demineralized bone matrix (g-DBM) or fibrous demineralized bone matrix (f-DBM) demineralized bone matrix and whether the colonization of the DCD and/or the DBM defect filling with bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMC) can lead to improved bone healing. In 100 Sprague Dawley rats, a critical femoral bone defect 5 mm in length was stabilized with a plate and then encased in DCD. Subsequently, the defect was filled with SCB (control), g-DBM, or f-DBM, with or without BMC. After 8 weeks, the femurs were harvested and subjected to histological, radiological, and biomechanical analysis. The analyses showed the incipient bony bridging of the defect zone in both groups for g-DBM and f-DBM. Stability and bone formation were not affected compared to the control group. The addition of BMCs showed no further improvement in bone healing. In conclusion, DBM offers a new perspective on defect filling; however, the addition of BMC did not lead to better results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Söhling
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Myriam Heilani
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Charlotte Fremdling
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alexander Schaible
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Center of Physiology, Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jan C Brune
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gemeinnützige GmbH), 12555 Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Eras
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gemeinnützige GmbH), 12555 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Nau
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - René D Verboket
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Hofmann A, Frank F, Wolk S, Busch A, Klimova A, Sabarstinski P, Gerlach M, Egorov D, Kopaliani I, Weinert S, Hamann B, Poitz DM, Brunssen C, Morawietz H, Schröder K, Reeps C. NOX4 mRNA correlates with plaque stability in patients with carotid artery stenosis. Redox Biol 2022; 57:102473. [PMID: 36182808 PMCID: PMC9526188 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotid artery stenosis (CAS) develops from atherosclerotic lesions and plaques. Plaque rupture or stenosis may result in occlusion of the carotid artery. Accordingly, the asymptomatic disease becomes symptomatic, characterized by ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attacks, indicating an urgent need for better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms and eventually prevent symptomatic CAS. NOX4, a member of the NADPH oxidase family, has anti-atherosclerotic and anti-inflammatory properties in animal models of early atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that NOX4 mRNA expression is linked to protective mechanisms in CAS patients with advanced atherosclerotic lesions as well. Indeed, NOX4 mRNA expression is lower in patients with symptomatic CAS. A low NOX4 mRNA expression is associated with an increased risk of the development of clinical symptoms. In fact, NOX4 appears to be linked to plaque stability, apoptosis and plaque hemorrhage. This is supported by cleaved caspase-3 and glycophorin C and correlates inversely with plaque NOX4 mRNA expression. Even healing of a ruptured plaque appears to be connected to NOX4, as NOX4 mRNA expression correlates to fibrous cap collagen and is reciprocally related to MMP9 activity. In conclusion, low intra-plaque NOX4 mRNA expression is associated with an increased risk for symptomatic outcome and with reduced plaque stabilizing mechanisms suggesting protective effects of NOX4 in human advanced atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Hofmann
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.
| | - Frieda Frank
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Steffen Wolk
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Albert Busch
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Klimova
- Core Unit Data Management and Analytics, National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden, Partner Site Dresden, University Cancer Center (NCT/UCC), Dresden, Germany
| | - Pamela Sabarstinski
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Gerlach
- Core Facility Cellular Imaging (CFCI), Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dmitry Egorov
- Institute for Physiology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Irakli Kopaliani
- Institute for Physiology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sönke Weinert
- Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Magdeburg University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Bianca Hamann
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - David M Poitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Coy Brunssen
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henning Morawietz
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany and German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christian Reeps
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
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Dou T, Zens C, Schröder K, Jiang Y, Makarov AA, Kupfer S, Kurouski D. Solid-to-Liposome Conformational Transition of Phosphatidylcholine and Phosphatidylserine Probed by Atomic Force Microscopy, Infrared Spectroscopy, and Density Functional Theory Calculations. Anal Chem 2022; 94:13243-13249. [PMID: 36107722 PMCID: PMC10405298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes are emerging therapeutic formulations for site-specific delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs. The efficiency and selectivity of drug delivery by these carriers largely rely on their surface properties, shape, and size. There is a growing demand for analytical approaches that can be used for structural and morphological characterization of liposomes at the single-vesicle level. AFM-IR is a modern optical nanoscopic technique that combines the advantages of scanning probe microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. Our findings show that AFM-IR can be used to probe conformational changes in phospholipids that take place upon their assembly into liposomes. Such conclusions can be made based on the corresponding changes in intensities of the lipid vibrational bands as the molecules transition from a solid state into large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs). This spectroscopic analysis of LUV formation together with density functional theory calculations also reveals the extent to which the molecular conformation and local environment of the functional groups alter the AFM-IR spectra of phospholipids. Using melittin as a test protein, we also examined the extent to which LUVs can be used for protein internalization. We found that melittin enters LUVs nearly instantaneously, which protects it from possible structural modifications that are caused by a changing environment. This foundational work empowers AFM-IR analysis of liposomes and opens new avenues for determination of the molecular mechanisms of liposome-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Dou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Clara Zens
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Merck & Company Inc., MRL, Analytical Research & Development, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Alexey A. Makarov
- Merck & Company Inc., MRL, Analytical Research & Development, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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Hahner F, Moll F, Warwick T, Hebchen DM, Buchmann GK, Epah J, Abplanalp W, Schader T, Günther S, Gilsbach R, Brandes RP, Schröder K. Nox4 promotes endothelial differentiation through chromatin remodeling. Redox Biol 2022; 55:102381. [PMID: 35810713 PMCID: PMC9287364 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Nox4 is a constitutively active NADPH oxidase that constantly produces low levels of H2O2. Thereby, Nox4 contributes to cell homeostasis and long-term processes, such as differentiation. The high expression of Nox4 seen in endothelial cells contrasts with the low abundance of Nox4 in stem cells, which are accordingly characterized by low levels of H2O2. We hypothesize that Nox4 is a major contributor to endothelial differentiation, is induced during the process of differentiation, and facilitates homeostasis of the resulting endothelial cells. OBJECTIVE To determine the role of No×4 in differentiation of murine inducible pluripotent stem cells (miPSC) into endothelial cells (ECs). METHODS AND RESULTS miPSC, generated from mouse embryonic wildtype (WT) and Nox4-/- fibroblasts, were differentiated into endothelial cells (miPSC-EC) by stimulation with BMP4 and VEGF. During this process, Nox4 expression increased and knockout of Nox4 prolonged the abundance of pluripotency markers, while expression of endothelial markers was delayed in differentiating Nox4-depleted iPSCs. Eventually, angiogenic capacity of iPSC-ECs is reduced in Nox4 deficient cells, indicating that an absence of Nox4 diminishes stability of the reached phenotype. As an underlying mechanism, we identified JmjD3 as a redox target of Nox4. iPSC-ECs lacking Nox4 display a lower nuclear abundance of the histone demethylase JmjD3, resulting in an increased triple methylation of histone 3 (H3K27me3), which serves as a repressive mark for several genes involved in differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Nox4 promotes differentiation of miPSCs into ECs by oxidation of JmjD3 and subsequent demethylation of H3K27me3, which forced endothelial differentiation and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hahner
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - F Moll
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - T Warwick
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - D M Hebchen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - G K Buchmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - J Epah
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - W Abplanalp
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - T Schader
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - S Günther
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - R Gilsbach
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - R P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - K Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany.
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7
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Jürgens L, Yaici R, Schnitzler CM, Fleitmann AK, Roth M, Schröder K, Guthoff R. Retinal vascular occlusion in pregnancy: three case reports and a review of the literature. J Med Case Rep 2022; 16:167. [PMID: 35449024 PMCID: PMC9022314 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-022-03369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Retinal arterial occlusive events in young patients are rare. However, because of physiological multifactorial adaptations during pregnancy, retinal vascular occlusive disease may occur spontaneously. In addition, a patent foramen ovale is a risk factor for an ischemic thromboembolic event. Since fluorescein angiography, a central tool in the evaluation of these occlusions, should be avoided during pregnancy, optical coherence tomography angiography, a novel technique, offers a good opportunity for visualizing vascular perfusion of retinal tissue. Case presentation Here we present a case series of three patients (Caucasian, nonsmoker) who visited our clinic owing to acute visual impairment and central scotoma. Using regular optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography, retinal vascular occlusions were detected, thus initiating the evaluation of systemic risk factors. We report two patients (30 and 32 years old) who developed cilioretinal artery occlusion but whose etiology differed: one was of thromboembolic origin associated with patent foramen ovale, while the other was caused by hemodynamic blockade secondary to central retinal vein occlusion. In both cases, optical coherence tomography angiography revealed reperfusion of the cilioretinal artery occlusion. However, transient ischemia led to retinal atrophy after a few weeks. In the third patient (32 years old), 8 weeks after onset of scotoma, optical coherence tomography angiography revealed atrophy of the middle layers and impaired perfusion in the deep capillary plexus, and thus a paracentral acute middle maculopathy was diagnosed. All patients regained normal visual acuity and had otherwise uncomplicated pregnancies, and laboratory blood tests did not reveal any defects or alterations. Conclusions As shown here, optical coherence tomography angiography enables risk-free imaging of retinal vessel perfusion during pregnancy. Together with regular optical coherence tomography, it allows one to predict functional outcome according to the existing retinal occlusion-related atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Jürgens
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - R Yaici
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - C M Schnitzler
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A K Fleitmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Roth
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - K Schröder
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - R Guthoff
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Schröder
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Vascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Germany
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9
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Demircan MB, Schnoeder TM, Mgbecheta PC, Schröder K, Böhmer FD, Heidel FH. Context-specific effects of NOX4 inactivation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:1983-1990. [PMID: 35348887 PMCID: PMC9293823 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-03986-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oxidative stress has been linked to initiation and progression of cancer and recent studies have indicated a potential translational role regarding modulation of ROS in various cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Detailed understanding of the complex machinery regulating ROS including its producer elements in cancer is required to define potential translational therapeutic use. Based on previous studies in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) models, we considered NADPH oxidase (NOX) family members, specifically NOX4 as a potential target in AML. METHODS Pharmacologic inhibition and genetic inactivation of NOX4 in murine and human models of AML were used to understand its functional role. For genetic inactivation, CRISPR-Cas9 technology was used in human AML cell lines in vitro and genetically engineered knockout mice for Nox4 were used for deletion of Nox4 in hematopoietic cells via Mx1-Cre recombinase activation. RESULTS Pharmacologic NOX inhibitors and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated inactivation of NOX4 and p22-phox (an essential NOX component) decreased proliferative capacity and cell competition in FLT3-ITD-positive human AML cells. In contrast, conditional deletion of Nox4 enhanced the myeloproliferative phenotype of an FLT3-ITD induced knock-in mouse model. Finally, Nox4 inactivation in normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) caused a minor reduction in HSC numbers and reconstitution capacity. CONCLUSION The role of NOX4 in myeloid malignancies appears highly context-dependent and its inactivation results in either enhancing or inhibitory effects. Therefore, targeting NOX4 in FLT3-ITD positive myeloid malignancies requires additional pre-clinical assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Burak Demircan
- Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Molecular Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Hessen, Germany
| | - Tina M Schnoeder
- Innere Medizin C, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter C Mgbecheta
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Frank-D Böhmer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Florian H Heidel
- Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany. .,Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany. .,Innere Medizin C, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
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10
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Verboket RD, Söhling N, Heilani M, Fremdling C, Schaible A, Schröder K, Brune JC, Marzi I, Henrich D. The Induced Membrane Technique—The Filling Matters: Evaluation of Different Forms of Membrane Filling with and without Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells (BMC) in Large Femoral Bone Defects in Rats. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030642. [PMID: 35327444 PMCID: PMC8945121 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The Masquelet technique is used to treat large bone defects; it is a two-stage procedure based on an induced membrane. To improve the induced membrane process, demineralized bone matrix in granular (GDBM) and fibrous form (f-DBM) was tested with and without bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMC) as filling of the membrane against the gold standard filling with syngeneic cancellous bone (SCB). A total of 65 male Sprague–Dawley rats obtained a 5 mm femoral defect. These defects were treated with the induced membrane technique and filled with SCB, GDBM, or f-DBM, with or without BMC. After a healing period of eight weeks, the femurs were harvested and submitted for histological, radiological, and biomechanical analyses. The fracture load in the defect zone was lower compared to SCB in all groups. However, histological analysis showed comparable new bone formation, bone mineral density, and cartilage proportions and vascularization. The results suggest that f-DBM in combination with BMC and the induced membrane technique cannot reproduce the very good results of this material in large, non-membrane coated bone defects, nevertheless it supports the maturation of new bone tissue locally. It can be concluded that BMC should be applied in lower doses and inflammatory cells should be removed from the cell preparation before implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- René D. Verboket
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (M.H.); (C.F.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (D.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-69-6301-7110
| | - Nicolas Söhling
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (M.H.); (C.F.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (D.H.)
| | - Myriam Heilani
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (M.H.); (C.F.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (D.H.)
| | - Charlotte Fremdling
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (M.H.); (C.F.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (D.H.)
| | - Alexander Schaible
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (M.H.); (C.F.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (D.H.)
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Center of Physiology, Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Jan C. Brune
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gemeinnützige GmbH), 12555 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (M.H.); (C.F.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (D.H.)
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (M.H.); (C.F.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (D.H.)
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11
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Demircan MB, Mgbecheta PC, Kresinsky A, Schnoeder TM, Schröder K, Heidel FH, Böhmer FD. Combined Activity of the Redox-Modulating Compound Setanaxib (GKT137831) with Cytotoxic Agents in the Killing of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030513. [PMID: 35326163 PMCID: PMC8944474 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells harbor elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which promote cell proliferation and cause oxidative stress. Therefore, the inhibition of ROS formation or elevation beyond a toxic level have been considered as therapeutic strategies. ROS elevation has recently been linked to enhanced NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) activity. Therefore, the compound Setanaxib (GKT137831), a clinically advanced ROS-modulating substance, which has initially been identified as a NOX1/4 inhibitor, was tested for its inhibitory activity on AML cells. Setanaxib showed antiproliferative activity as single compound, and strongly enhanced the cytotoxic action of anthracyclines such as daunorubicin in vitro. Setanaxib attenuated disease in a mouse model of FLT3-ITD driven myeloproliferation in vivo. Setanaxib did not significantly inhibit FLT3-ITD signaling, including FLT3 autophosphorylation, activation of STAT5, AKT, or extracellular signal regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2). Surprisingly, the effects of Setanaxib on cell proliferation appeared to be independent of the presence of NOX4 and were not associated with ROS quenching. Instead, Setanaxib caused elevation of ROS levels in the AML cells and importantly, enhanced anthracycline-induced ROS formation, which may contribute to the combined effects. Further assessment of Setanaxib as potential enhancer of cytotoxic AML therapy appears warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Burak Demircan
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, 07745 Jena, Germany; (M.B.D.); (P.C.M.); (A.K.)
- Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany; (T.M.S.); (F.H.H.)
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipman Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Molecular Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany
| | - Peter C. Mgbecheta
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, 07745 Jena, Germany; (M.B.D.); (P.C.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Anne Kresinsky
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, 07745 Jena, Germany; (M.B.D.); (P.C.M.); (A.K.)
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipman Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Tina M. Schnoeder
- Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany; (T.M.S.); (F.H.H.)
- Innere Medizin C, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Florian H. Heidel
- Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany; (T.M.S.); (F.H.H.)
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipman Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Innere Medizin C, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frank D. Böhmer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, 07745 Jena, Germany; (M.B.D.); (P.C.M.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence:
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12
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Müller N, Warwick T, Noack K, Malacarne PF, Cooper AJL, Weissmann N, Schröder K, Brandes RP, Rezende F. Reactive Oxygen Species Differentially Modulate the Metabolic and Transcriptomic Response of Endothelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020434. [PMID: 35204316 PMCID: PMC8869421 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important mediators of both physiological and pathophysiological signal transduction in the cardiovascular system. The effects of ROS on cellular processes depend on the concentration, localization, and duration of exposure. Cellular stress response mechanisms have evolved to mitigate the negative effects of acute oxidative stress. In this study, we investigate the short-term and long-term metabolic and transcriptomic response of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) to different types and concentrations of ROS. To generate intracellular H2O2, we utilized a lentiviral chemogenetic approach for overexpression of human D-amino acid oxidase (DAO). DAO converts D-amino acids into their corresponding imino acids and H2O2. HUVEC stably overexpressing DAO (DAO-HUVEC) were exposed to D-alanine (3 mM), exogenous H2O2 (10 µM or 300 µM), or menadione (5 µM) for various timepoints and subjected to global untargeted metabolomics (LC-MS/MS) and RNAseq by MACE (Massive analysis of cDNA ends). A total of 300 µM H2O2 led to pronounced changes on both the metabolic and transcriptomic level. In particular, metabolites linked to redox homeostasis, energy-generating pathways, and nucleotide metabolism were significantly altered. Furthermore, 300 µM H2O2 affected genes related to the p53 pathway and cell cycle. In comparison, the effects of menadione and DAO-derived H2O2 mainly occurred at gene expression level. Collectively, all types of ROS led to subtle changes in the expression of ribosomal genes. Our results show that different types and concentration of ROS lead to a different metabolic and transcriptomic response in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Müller
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (N.M.); (T.W.); (K.N.); (P.F.M.); (K.S.); (R.P.B.)
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Timothy Warwick
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (N.M.); (T.W.); (K.N.); (P.F.M.); (K.S.); (R.P.B.)
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kurt Noack
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (N.M.); (T.W.); (K.N.); (P.F.M.); (K.S.); (R.P.B.)
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Pedro Felipe Malacarne
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (N.M.); (T.W.); (K.N.); (P.F.M.); (K.S.); (R.P.B.)
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Arthur J. L. Cooper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, 15 Dana Road, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA;
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Justus Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, 35390 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (N.M.); (T.W.); (K.N.); (P.F.M.); (K.S.); (R.P.B.)
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ralf P. Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (N.M.); (T.W.); (K.N.); (P.F.M.); (K.S.); (R.P.B.)
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Flávia Rezende
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (N.M.); (T.W.); (K.N.); (P.F.M.); (K.S.); (R.P.B.)
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-69-6301-85321; Fax: +49-69-6301-7668
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13
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Gu F, Krüger A, Roggenkamp HG, Alpers R, Lodygin D, Jaquet V, Möckl F, Hernandez C LC, Winterberg K, Bauche A, Rosche A, Grasberger H, Kao JY, Schetelig D, Werner R, Schröder K, Carty M, Bowie AG, Huber S, Meier C, Mittrücker HW, Heeren J, Krause KH, Flügel A, Diercks BP, Guse AH. Dual NADPH oxidases DUOX1 and DUOX2 synthesize NAADP and are necessary for Ca 2+ signaling during T cell activation. Sci Signal 2021; 14:eabe3800. [PMID: 34784249 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abe3800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The formation of Ca2+ microdomains during T cell activation is initiated by the production of nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) from its reduced form NAADPH. The reverse reaction—NAADP to NAADPH—is catalyzed by glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). Here, we identified NADPH oxidases NOX and DUOX as NAADP-forming enzymes that convert NAADPH to NAADP under physiological conditions in vitro. T cells express NOX1, NOX2, and, to a minor extent, DUOX1 and DUOX2. Local and global Ca2+ signaling were decreased in mouse T cells with double knockout of Duoxa1 and Duoxa2 but not with knockout of Nox1 or Nox2. Ca2+ microdomains in the first 15 s upon T cell activation were significantly decreased in Duox2−/− but not in Duox1−/− T cells, whereas both DUOX1 and DUOX2 were required for global Ca2+ signaling between 4 and 12 min after stimulation. Our findings suggest that a DUOX2- and G6PD-catalyzed redox cycle rapidly produces and degrades NAADP through NAADPH as an inactive intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gu
- Calcium Signaling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Aileen Krüger
- Calcium Signaling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannes G Roggenkamp
- Calcium Signaling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rick Alpers
- Calcium Signaling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dmitri Lodygin
- Institute for Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vincent Jaquet
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Franziska Möckl
- Calcium Signaling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lola C Hernandez C
- Calcium Signaling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai Winterberg
- Calcium Signaling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Bauche
- Calcium Signaling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anette Rosche
- Calcium Signaling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helmut Grasberger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - John Y Kao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Daniel Schetelig
- Department of Computational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - René Werner
- Department of Computational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-Universität, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michael Carty
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Andrew G Bowie
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Samuel Huber
- Department of Gastroenterology with Sections Infectiology and Tropical Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Chris Meier
- Organic Chemistry, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Willi Mittrücker
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Calcium Signaling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Krause
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Flügel
- Institute for Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Björn-Philipp Diercks
- Calcium Signaling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas H Guse
- Calcium Signaling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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Hahn D, Kumar RA, Muscato DR, Ryan TE, Schröder K, Ferreira LF. Nox4 Knockout Does Not Prevent Diaphragm Atrophy, Contractile Dysfunction, or Mitochondrial Maladaptation in the Early Phase Post-Myocardial Infarction in Mice. Cell Physiol Biochem 2021; 55:489-504. [PMID: 34416105 PMCID: PMC10167972 DOI: 10.33594/000000400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Diaphragm dysfunction with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) occurs within 72 hrs post-myocardial infarction (MI) in mice and may contribute to loss of inspiratory maximal pressure and endurance in patients. METHODS We used wild-type (WT) and whole-body Nox4 knockout (Nox4KO) mice to measure diaphragm bundle force in vitro with a force transducer, mitochondrial respiration in isolated fiber bundles with an O2 sensor, mitochondrial ROS by fluorescence, mRNA (RT-PCR) and protein (immunoblot), and fiber size by histology 72 hrs post-MI. RESULTS MI decreased diaphragm fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) (~15%, p = 0.015) and maximal specific force (10%, p = 0.005), and increased actin carbonylation (5-10%, p = 0.007) in both WT and Nox4KO. Interestingly, MI did not affect diaphragm mRNA abundance of MAFbx/atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 but Nox4KO decreased it by 20-50% (p < 0.01). Regarding the mitochondria, MI and Nox4KO decreased the protein abundance of citrate synthase and subunits of electron transport system (ETS) complexes and increased mitochondrial O2 flux (JO2) and H2O2 emission (JH2O2) normalized to citrate synthase. Mitochondrial electron leak (JH2O2/JO2) in the presence of ADP was lower in Nox4KO and not changed by MI. CONCLUSION Our study shows that the early phase post-MI causes diaphragm atrophy, contractile dysfunction, sarcomeric actin oxidation, and decreases citrate synthase and subunits of mitochondrial ETS complexes. These factors are potential causes of loss of inspiratory muscle strength and endurance in patients, which likely contribute to the pathophysiology in the early phase post-MI. Whole-body Nox4KO did not prevent the diaphragm abnormalities induced 72 hrs post-MI, suggesting that systemic pharmacological inhibition of Nox4 will not benefit patients in the early phase post-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwoo Hahn
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ravi A Kumar
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Derek R Muscato
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Terence E Ryan
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Leonardo F Ferreira
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA,
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15
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Buchmann GK, Schürmann C, Spaeth M, Abplanalp W, Tombor L, John D, Warwick T, Rezende F, Weigert A, Shah AM, Hansmann ML, Weissmann N, Dimmeler S, Schröder K, Brandes RP. The hydrogen-peroxide producing NADPH oxidase 4 does not limit neointima development after vascular injury in mice. Redox Biol 2021; 45:102050. [PMID: 34218201 PMCID: PMC8256285 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The NADPH oxidase Nox4 is an important source of H2O2. Nox4-derived H2O2 limits vascular inflammation and promotes smooth muscle differentiation. On this basis, the role of Nox4 for restenosis development was determined in the mouse carotid artery injury model. Methods and results Genetic deletion of Nox4 by a tamoxifen-activated Cre-Lox-system did not impact on neointima formation in the carotid artery wire injury model. To understand this unexpected finding, time-resolved single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNAseq) from injured carotid arteries of control mice and massive-analysis-of-cDNA-ends (MACE)-RNAseq from the neointima harvested by laser capture microdissection of control and Nox4 knockout mice was performed. This revealed that resting smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and fibroblasts exhibit high Nox4 expression, but that the proliferating de-differentiated SMCs, which give rise to the neointima, have low Nox4 expression. In line with this, the first weeks after injury, gene expression was unchanged between the carotid artery neointimas of control and Nox4 knockout mice. Conclusion Upon vascular injury, Nox4 expression is transiently lost in the cells which comprise the neointima. NADPH oxidase 4 therefore does not interfere with restenosis development after wire-induced vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia K Buchmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Christoph Schürmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Manuela Spaeth
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Wesley Abplanalp
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lukas Tombor
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David John
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Timothy Warwick
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Flávia Rezende
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ajay M Shah
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre, London, UK
| | | | - Norbert Weissmann
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
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16
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Dolzer J, Schröder K, Stengl M. Cyclic nucleotide-dependent ionic currents in olfactory receptor neurons of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta suggest pull-push sensitivity modulation. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:4804-4826. [PMID: 34128265 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta sensitize via cAMP- and adapt via cGMP-dependent mechanisms. Perforated patch clamp recordings distinguished 11 currents in these ORNs. Derivatives of cAMP and/or cGMP antagonistically affected three of five K+ currents and two non-specific cation currents. The Ca2+ -dependent K+ current IK(Ca 2+ ) and the sensitive pheromone-dependent K+ current IK(cGMP-) , which both express fast kinetics, were inhibited by 8bcGMP, while a slow K+ current, IK(cGMP+) , was activated by 8bcGMP. Furthermore, application of 8bcAMP blocked slowly activating, zero mV-reversing, non-specific cation currents, ILL and Icat(PKC?) , which remained activated in the presence of 8bcGMP. Their activations pull the membrane potential towards their 0-mV reversal potentials, in addition to increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels voltage- and ILL -dependently. Twenty minutes after application, 8bcGMP blocked a TEA-independent K+ current, IK(noTEA) , and a fast cation current, Icat(nRP) , which both shift the membrane potential to negative values. We conclude that conditions of sensitization are maintained at high levels of cAMP, via specific opening/closure of ion channels that allow for fast kinetics, hyperpolarized membrane potentials, and low intracellular Ca2+ levels. In contrast, adaptation is supported via cGMP, which antagonizes cAMP, opening Ca2+ -permeable channels with slow kinetics that stabilize depolarized resting potentials. The antagonistic modulation of peripheral sensory neurons by cAMP or cGMP is reminiscent of pull-push mechanisms of neuromodulation at central synapses underlying metaplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Dolzer
- Biologie, Tierphysiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Institut für Zoologie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Animal Physiology/Neuroethology, Biology, FB 10, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Monika Stengl
- Biologie, Tierphysiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Institut für Zoologie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Animal Physiology/Neuroethology, Biology, FB 10, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
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17
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Matsumoto M, Liu J, Iwata K, Ibi M, Asaoka N, Zhang X, Katsuyama M, Matsuda M, Nabe T, Schröder K, Yabe-Nishimura C. NOX1/NADPH oxidase is involved in the LPS-induced exacerbation of collagen-induced arthritis. J Pharmacol Sci 2021; 146:88-97. [PMID: 33941325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate as yet an unidentified role of NOX1, a non-phagocytic isoform of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, in immune responses using Nox1-knockout mice (Nox1-KO). The transcripts of NOX1 was expressed in lymphoid tissues, including the spleen, thymus, bone marrow, and inguinal lymphoid nodes. When antibody production after ovalbumin (OVA) immunization was examined, no significant differences were observed in serum anti-OVA IgG levels between wild-type mice (WT) and Nox1-KO. In the experimental asthma, the infiltration of eosinophils and the Th2 cytokine response after the induction of asthma with OVA were similar between the two genotypes. However, the severity and incidence of experimental collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) following the administration of a low dose of endotoxin (LPS) were significantly lower in Nox1-KO. While neither serum levels of autoantibodies nor in vitro cytokine responses were affected by Nox1 deficiency, NOX1 mRNA levels in the spleen significantly increased after the LPS challenge. Among the spleen cells, remarkable LPS-induced upregulation of NOX1 was demonstrated in both CD11b+ monocytes/macrophages and CD11c+ dendritic cells, suggesting that LPS-inducible NOX1 in monocytes/macrophages/dendritic cells may modulate the development of experimental CIA. Therapeutic targeting of NOX1 may therefore control the onset and/or severity of arthritis which is exacerbated by bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Matsumoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Junjie Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazumi Iwata
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakazu Ibi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nozomi Asaoka
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Xueqing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masato Katsuyama
- Radioisotope Center, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaya Matsuda
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nabe
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
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18
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Wack G, Metzner K, Kuth MS, Wang E, Bresnick A, Brandes RP, Schröder K, Wittig I, Schmidtko A, Kallenborn-Gerhardt W. Nox4-dependent upregulation of S100A4 after peripheral nerve injury modulates neuropathic pain processing. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 168:155-167. [PMID: 33789124 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) affect the processing of neuropathic pain. However, mechanisms underlying Nox4-dependent pain signaling are incompletely understood. In this study, we aimed to identify novel Nox4 downstream interactors in the nociceptive system. Mice lacking Nox4 specifically in sensory neurons were generated by crossing Advillin-Cre mice with Nox4fl/fl mice. Tissue-specific deletion of Nox4 in sensory neurons considerably reduced mechanical hypersensitivity and neuronal action potential firing after peripheral nerve injury. Using a proteomic approach, we detected various proteins that are regulated in a Nox4-dependent manner after injury, including the small calcium-binding protein S100A4. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot experiments confirmed that S100A4 expression is massively up-regulated in peripheral nerves and dorsal root ganglia after injury. Furthermore, mice lacking S100A4 showed increased mechanical hypersensitivity after peripheral nerve injury and after delivery of a ROS donor. Our findings suggest that S100A4 expression is up-regulated after peripheral nerve injury in a Nox4-dependent manner and that deletion of S100A4 leads to an increased neuropathic pain hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesine Wack
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katharina Metzner
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Miriam S Kuth
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Elena Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anne Bresnick
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Functional Proteomics, ZBC, Medical School, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Macromolecular Complexes", Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Achim Schmidtko
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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19
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Verboket RD, Irrle T, Busche Y, Schaible A, Schröder K, Brune JC, Marzi I, Nau C, Henrich D. Fibrous Demineralized Bone Matrix (DBM) Improves Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cell (BMC)-Supported Bone Healing in Large Femoral Bone Defects in Rats. Cells 2021; 10:1249. [PMID: 34069404 PMCID: PMC8158746 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of large bone defects is a major objective in trauma surgery. Bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMC)-supported bone healing was shown to be efficient after immobilization on a scaffold. We hypothesized that fibrous demineralized bone matrix (DBM) in various forms with BMCs is superior to granular DBM. A total of 65 male SD rats were assigned to five treatment groups: syngenic cancellous bone (SCB), fibrous demineralized bone matrix (f-DBM), fibrous demineralized bone matrix densely packed (f-DBM 120%), DBM granules (GDBM) and DBM granules 5% calcium phosphate (GDBM5%Ca2+). BMCs from donor rats were combined with different scaffolds and placed into 5 mm femoral bone defects. After 8 weeks, bone mineral density (BMD), biomechanical stability and histology were assessed. Similar biomechanical properties of f-DBM and SCB defects were observed. Similar bone and cartilage formation was found in all groups, but a significantly bigger residual defect size was found in GDBM. High bone healing scores were found in f-DBM (25) and SCB (25). The application of DBM in fiber form combined with the application of BMCs shows promising results comparable to the gold standard, syngenic cancellous bone. Denser packing of fibers or higher amount of calcium phosphate has no positive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- René D. Verboket
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Tanja Irrle
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Yannic Busche
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Alexander Schaible
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Center of Physiology, Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Jan C. Brune
- German Institute for Cell- and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gemeinnützige GmbH), 12555 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Christoph Nau
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
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20
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Kashefiolasl S, Leisegang MS, Helfinger V, Schürmann C, Pflüger-Müller B, Randriamboavonjy V, Vasconez AE, Carmeliet G, Badenhoop K, Hintereder G, Seifert V, Schröder K, Konczalla J, Brandes RP. Vitamin D-A New Perspective in Treatment of Cerebral Vasospasm. Neurosurgery 2021; 88:674-685. [PMID: 33269399 PMCID: PMC7884149 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyaa484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral vasospasm (CVS) is a frequent complication after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), with no sufficient therapy and a complex pathophysiology. OBJECTIVE To explore the vitamin D system as a potential treatment for CVS. METHODS 25-vitamin D3 levels tested between 2007 and 2015 and data of SAH patients admitted during the months with a peak vs nadir of VitD3 values were analyzed, retrospectively. We prospectively correlated VitD3 and vasospasm/outcome data in SAH patients admitted in 2017. An experimental mice SAH model and cell culture model were used to investigate the effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-VitD3). Additionally, the mediators acting in the VitD mechanism were researched and detected. RESULTS Based on the retrospective analysis demonstrating an increased frequency of vasospasm in SAH patients during the low vitamin D period in winter, we started basic research experiments. Active 1,25-VitD3 hormone attenuated CVS, neurological deficit, and inflammation after intrathecal blood injection in mice. Deletion of the vitamin D receptor in the endothelium or in myeloid cells decreased the protective 1,25-VitD3 effect. Co-culture experiments of myeloid and endothelial cells with blood confirmed the anti-inflammatory 1,25-VitD3 effect but also revealed an induction of stroma-cell-derived factor 1α (SDF1α), vascular endothelial growth factor, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase by 1,25-VitD3. In mice, SDF1α mimicked the protective effect of 1,25-VitD3 against CVS. From bench to bedside, CVS severity was inversely correlated with vitamin D plasma level, prospectively. Patients with more severe CVS exhibited attenuated expression of SDF1α and 1,25-VitD3-responsive genes on circulating myeloid cells. CONCLUSION 1,25-VitD3 attenuates CVS after SAH by inducing SDF1α. However, VitD administration should be tested as optional treatment to prevent CVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepide Kashefiolasl
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Matthias S Leisegang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Valeska Helfinger
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christoph Schürmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Beatrice Pflüger-Müller
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Voahanginirina Randriamboavonjy
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany.,Institute for Vascular Signalling, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andrea E Vasconez
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Klaus Badenhoop
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gudrun Hintereder
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Volker Seifert
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Juergen Konczalla
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany
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21
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Vara D, Mailer RK, Tarafdar A, Wolska N, Heestermans M, Konrath S, Spaeth M, Renné T, Schröder K, Pula G. NADPH Oxidases Are Required for Full Platelet Activation In Vitro and Thrombosis In Vivo but Dispensable for Plasma Coagulation and Hemostasis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:683-697. [PMID: 33267663 PMCID: PMC7837688 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using 3KO (triple NOX [NADPH oxidase] knockout) mice (ie, NOX1-/-/NOX2-/-/NOX4-/-), we aimed to clarify the role of this family of enzymes in the regulation of platelets in vitro and hemostasis in vivo. Approach and Results: 3KO mice displayed significantly reduced platelet superoxide radical generation, which was associated with impaired platelet aggregation, adhesion, and thrombus formation in response to the key agonists collagen and thrombin. A comparison with single-gene knockouts suggested that the phenotype of 3KO platelets is the combination of the effects of the genetic deletion of NOX1 and NOX2, while NOX4 does not show any significant function in platelet regulation. 3KO platelets displayed significantly higher levels of cGMP-a negative platelet regulator that activates PKG (protein kinase G). The inhibition of PKG substantially but only partially rescued the defective phenotype of 3KO platelets, which are responsive to both collagen and thrombin in the presence of the PKG inhibitors KT5823 or Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPs, but not in the presence of the NOS (NO synthase) inhibitor L-NG-monomethyl arginine. In vivo, triple NOX deficiency protected against ferric chloride-driven carotid artery thrombosis and experimental pulmonary embolism, while hemostasis tested in a tail-tip transection assay was not affected. Procoagulatory activity of platelets (ie, phosphatidylserine surface exposure) and the coagulation cascade in platelet-free plasma were normal. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that inhibiting NOXs has strong antithrombotic effects partially caused by increased intracellular cGMP but spares hemostasis. NOXs are, therefore, pharmacotherapeutic targets to develop new antithrombotic drugs without bleeding side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Vara
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, United Kingdom (D.V.)
| | - Reiner K. Mailer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (R.K.M., N.W., M.H., S.K., T.R., G.P.)
| | - Anuradha Tarafdar
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester (A.T.)
| | - Nina Wolska
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (R.K.M., N.W., M.H., S.K., T.R., G.P.)
| | - Marco Heestermans
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (R.K.M., N.W., M.H., S.K., T.R., G.P.)
| | - Sandra Konrath
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (R.K.M., N.W., M.H., S.K., T.R., G.P.)
| | - Manuela Spaeth
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany (M.S., K.S.)
| | - Thomas Renné
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (R.K.M., N.W., M.H., S.K., T.R., G.P.)
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany (M.S., K.S.)
| | - Giordano Pula
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (R.K.M., N.W., M.H., S.K., T.R., G.P.)
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22
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Mehling R, Schwenck J, Lemberg C, Trautwein C, Zizmare L, Kramer D, Müller A, Fehrenbacher B, Gonzalez-Menendez I, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Schröder K, Brandes RP, Schaller M, Ruf W, Eichner M, Ghoreschi K, Röcken M, Pichler BJ, Kneilling M. Immunomodulatory role of reactive oxygen species and nitrogen species during T cell-driven neutrophil-enriched acute and chronic cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. Theranostics 2021; 11:470-490. [PMID: 33391487 PMCID: PMC7738859 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are important regulators of inflammation. The exact impact of ROS/RNS on cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction (DTHR) is controversial. The aim of our study was to identify the dominant sources of ROS/RNS during acute and chronic trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB)-induced cutaneous DTHR in mice with differently impaired ROS/RNS production. Methods: TNCB-sensitized wild-type, NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)- deficient (gp91phox-/-), myeloperoxidase-deficient (MPO-/-), and inducible nitric oxide synthase-deficient (iNOS-/-) mice were challenged with TNCB on the right ear once to elicit acute DTHR and repetitively up to five times to induce chronic DTHR. We measured ear swelling responses and noninvasively assessed ROS/RNS production in vivo by employing the chemiluminescence optical imaging (OI) probe L-012. Additionally, we conducted extensive ex vivo analyses of inflamed ears focusing on ROS/RNS production and the biochemical and morphological consequences. Results: The in vivo L-012 OI of acute and chronic DTHR revealed completely abrogated ROS/RNS production in the ears of gp91phox-/- mice, up to 90 % decreased ROS/RNS production in the ears of MPO-/- mice and unaffected ROS/RNS production in the ears of iNOS-/- mice. The DHR flow cytometry analysis of leukocytes derived from the ears with acute DTHR confirmed our in vivo L-012 OI results. Nevertheless, we observed no significant differences in the ear swelling responses among all the experimental groups. The histopathological analysis of the ears of gp91phox-/- mice with acute DTHRs revealed slightly enhanced inflammation. In contrast, we observed a moderately reduced inflammatory immune response in the ears of gp91phox-/- mice with chronic DTHR, while the inflamed ears of MPO-/- mice exhibited the strongest inflammation. Analyses of lipid peroxidation, 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine levels, redox related metabolites and genomic expression of antioxidant proteins revealed similar oxidative stress in all experimental groups. Furthermore, inflamed ears of wild-type and gp91phox-/- mice displayed neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation exclusively in acute but not chronic DTHR. Conclusions: MPO and NOX2 are the dominant sources of ROS/RNS in acute and chronic DTHR. Nevertheless, depletion of one primary source of ROS/RNS exhibited only marginal but conflicting impact on acute and chronic cutaneous DTHR. Thus, ROS/RNS are not a single entity, and each species has different properties at certain stages of the disease, resulting in different outcomes.
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Schnelle M, Sawyer I, Anilkumar N, Mohamed BA, Richards DA, Toischer K, Zhang M, Catibog N, Sawyer G, Mongue-Din H, Schröder K, Hasenfuss G, Shah AM. NADPH oxidase-4 promotes eccentric cardiac hypertrophy in response to volume overload. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:178-187. [PMID: 31821410 PMCID: PMC7797217 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Chronic pressure or volume overload induce concentric vs. eccentric left ventricular (LV) remodelling, respectively. Previous studies suggest that distinct signalling pathways are involved in these responses. NADPH oxidase-4 (Nox4) is a reactive oxygen species-generating enzyme that can limit detrimental cardiac remodelling in response to pressure overload. This study aimed to assess its role in volume overload-induced remodelling. METHODS AND RESULTS We compared the responses to creation of an aortocaval fistula (Shunt) to induce volume overload in Nox4-null mice (Nox4-/-) vs. wild-type (WT) littermates. Induction of Shunt resulted in a significant increase in cardiac Nox4 mRNA and protein levels in WT mice as compared to Sham controls. Nox4-/- mice developed less eccentric LV remodelling than WT mice (echocardiographic relative wall thickness: 0.30 vs. 0.27, P < 0.05), with less LV hypertrophy at organ level (increase in LV weight/tibia length ratio of 25% vs. 43%, P < 0.01) and cellular level (cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area: 323 µm2 vs. 379 μm2, P < 0.01). LV ejection fraction, foetal gene expression, interstitial fibrosis, myocardial capillary density, and levels of myocyte apoptosis after Shunt were similar in the two genotypes. Myocardial phospho-Akt levels were increased after induction of Shunt in WT mice, whereas levels decreased in Nox4-/- mice (+29% vs. -21%, P < 0.05), associated with a higher level of phosphorylation of the S6 ribosomal protein (S6) and the eIF4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) in WT compared to Nox4-/- mice. We identified that Akt activation in cardiac cells is augmented by Nox4 via a Src kinase-dependent inactivation of protein phosphatase 2A. CONCLUSION Endogenous Nox4 is required for the full development of eccentric cardiac hypertrophy and remodelling during chronic volume overload. Nox4-dependent activation of Akt and its downstream targets S6 and 4E-BP1 may be involved in this effect.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fibrosis
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/enzymology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/genetics
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/pathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Myocytes, Cardiac/enzymology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- NADPH Oxidase 2/genetics
- NADPH Oxidase 2/metabolism
- NADPH Oxidase 4/genetics
- NADPH Oxidase 4/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Protein Phosphatase 2/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Rats
- Ribosomal Protein S6/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Ventricular Function, Left
- Ventricular Remodeling
- src-Family Kinases/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Schnelle
- King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, The James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Iain Sawyer
- King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, The James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Narayana Anilkumar
- King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, The James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Belal A Mohamed
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel A Richards
- King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, The James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Karl Toischer
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Min Zhang
- King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, The James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Norman Catibog
- King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, The James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Greta Sawyer
- King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, The James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Héloïse Mongue-Din
- King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, The James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerd Hasenfuss
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ajay M Shah
- King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, The James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
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24
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Mangelsdorf I, Schröder K, Escher SE, Kolossa-Gehring M, Debiak M. Risk assessment for irritating chemicals - Derivation of extrapolation factors. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020; 232:113668. [PMID: 33333487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Irritation of the eyes and the upper respiratory tract are important endpoints for setting guide values for chemicals. To optimize the use of the often-limited data, we analysed controlled human exposure studies (CHS) with 1-4 h inhalation of the test substance, repeated dose inhalation studies in rodents, and Alarie-Tests and derived extrapolation factors (EF) for exposure duration, inter- and intraspecies differences. For the endpoint irritating effects in the respiratory tract in rodents, geometric mean (GM) values of 1.9 were obtained for the EF for subacute→subchronic (n = 16), 2.1 for subchronic→chronic (n = 40), and 2.9 for subacute→chronic (n = 10) extrapolation. Based on these data we suggest an EF of 2 for subchronic→chronic and of 4 for subacute→chronic extrapolation. In CHS, exposure concentration determines the effects rather than exposure duration. Slight reversible effects during 4 h exposure indicate that an EF of 1 can be considered for assessing chronic exposures. To assess species extrapolation, 10 chemicals were identified with both, reliable rat inhalation studies and CHS. The GM of the ratio between the No Observed Adverse Effect Concentration (NOAEC) in rats and humans was 2.3 and increased to 3.6 when expanding the dataset to all available EF (n = 25). Based on these analyses, an EF of 3 is suggested to extrapolate from a NOAEC in a chronic rat study to a NOAEC in a CHS. The analysis of EFs for the extrapolation from a 50% decrease in respiratory frequency in the Alarie test in mice (RD50) to a NOAEC in a CHS resulted in a GM of 40, for both, the reliable (n = 11) and the overall dataset (n = 19). We propose to use the RD50 from the Alarie test for setting guide values and to use 40 as EF. Efs for intraspecies differences in the human population must account for susceptible persons, most importantly for persons with chemical intolerance (CI), who show subjective signs of irritation at low concentrations. The limited data available do not justify to deviate from an EF of 10 - 20 as currently used in different regulatory settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge Mangelsdorf
- Toxicology Consulting, Hamburg, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sylvia E Escher
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
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25
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Kashefiolasl S, Leisegang M, Helfinger V, Schürmann C, Al-Maawi S, Ghanaati S, Hintereder G, Badenhoop K, Senft C, Seifert V, Schröder K, Brandes R, Konczalla J. Preventive Effect of Vitamin D in Treatment Management of Intracranial Aneurysm. Neurosurgery 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyaa447_352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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26
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Buchmann GK, Schürmann C, Warwick T, Schulz MH, Spaeth M, Müller OJ, Schröder K, Jo H, Weissmann N, Brandes RP. Deletion of NoxO1 limits atherosclerosis development in female mice. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101713. [PMID: 32949971 PMCID: PMC7502371 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. NADPH oxidases of the Nox family produce ROS but their contribution to atherosclerosis development is less clear. Nox2 promotes and Nox4 rather limits atherosclerosis. Although Nox1 with its cytosolic co-factors are largely expressed in epithelial cells, a role for Nox1 for atherosclerosis development was suggested. To further define the role of this homologue, the role of its essential cytosolic cofactor, NoxO1, was determined for atherosclerosis development with the aid of knockout mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Wildtype (WT) and NoxO1 knockout mice were treated with high fat diet and adeno-associated virus (AAV) overexpressing pro-protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) to induce hepatic low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor loss. As a result, massive hypercholesterolemia was induced and spontaneous atherosclerosis developed within three month. Deletion of NoxO1 reduced atherosclerosis formation in brachiocephalic artery and aortic arch in female but not male NoxO1-/- mice as compared to WT littermates. This was associated with a reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine signature in the plasma of female but not male NoxO1-/- mice. MACE-RNAseq of the vessel did not reveal this signature and the expression of the Nox1/NoxO1 system was low to not detectable. CONCLUSIONS The scaffolding protein NoxO1 plays some role in atherosclerosis development in female mice probably by attenuating the global inflammatory burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia K Buchmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Christoph Schürmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Tim Warwick
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Marcel H Schulz
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Manuela Spaeth
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Oliver J Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwigstraße 23, 35390, Gießen, Germany
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
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27
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Hahner F, Moll F, Schröder K. NADPH oxidases in the differentiation of endothelial cells. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:262-268. [PMID: 31393561 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The differentiation of stem cells into endothelial cells involves the modulation of highly interconnected metabolic and epigenetic processes. Therefore, the differentiation of endothelial cells is a tightly controlled process, which is adjusted at multiple levels, meaning that even the smallest variation can result in major consequences. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) represent a group of second messengers that can interfere with both metabolic and epigenetic processes. Besides their generation by mitochondria, ROS are produced in a controlled manner by the family of NADPH oxidases. The different members of the NADPH oxidase family produce superoxide anions or hydrogen peroxide. Due to the specific sub-cellular localization of the different NADPH oxidases, ROS are produced at diverse sites in the cell, such as the plasma membrane or the endoplasmic reticulum. Once produced, ROS interfere with proteins, lipids, and DNA to modulate intracellular signal cascades. Accordingly, ROS represent a group of readily available and specifically localized modulators of the highly sophisticated signalling network that eventually leads to the differentiation of stem cells into endothelial cells. This review focuses on the role of NADPH oxidases in the differentiation of stem cells into endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Hahner
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Franziska Moll
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
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28
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Beretta M, Santos CX, Molenaar C, Hafstad AD, Miller CC, Revazian A, Betteridge K, Schröder K, Streckfuß-Bömeke K, Doroshow JH, Fleck RA, Su TP, Belousov VV, Parsons M, Shah AM. Nox4 regulates InsP 3 receptor-dependent Ca 2+ release into mitochondria to promote cell survival. EMBO J 2020; 39:e103530. [PMID: 33001475 PMCID: PMC7527947 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019103530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells subjected to environmental stresses undergo regulated cell death (RCD) when homeostatic programs fail to maintain viability. A major mechanism of RCD is the excessive calcium loading of mitochondria and consequent triggering of the mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT), which is especially important in post‐mitotic cells such as cardiomyocytes and neurons. Here, we show that stress‐induced upregulation of the ROS‐generating protein Nox4 at the ER‐mitochondria contact sites (MAMs) is a pro‐survival mechanism that inhibits calcium transfer through InsP3 receptors (InsP3R). Nox4 mediates redox signaling at the MAM of stressed cells to augment Akt‐dependent phosphorylation of InsP3R, thereby inhibiting calcium flux and mPT‐dependent necrosis. In hearts subjected to ischemia–reperfusion, Nox4 limits infarct size through this mechanism. These results uncover a hitherto unrecognized stress pathway, whereby a ROS‐generating protein mediates pro‐survival effects through spatially confined signaling at the MAM to regulate ER to mitochondria calcium flux and triggering of the mPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Beretta
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, London, UK
| | - Celio Xc Santos
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, London, UK
| | - Chris Molenaar
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, London, UK
| | - Anne D Hafstad
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, London, UK.,Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, UIT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Chris Cj Miller
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Aram Revazian
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kai Betteridge
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, London, UK
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - James H Doroshow
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Roland A Fleck
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tsung-Ping Su
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vsevolod V Belousov
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.,Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maddy Parsons
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, Randall Centre of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, UK
| | - Ajay M Shah
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, London, UK
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29
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Khoshnevisan R, Anderson M, Babcock S, Anderson S, Illig D, Marquardt B, Sherkat R, Schröder K, Moll F, Hollizeck S, Rohlfs M, Walz C, Adibi P, Rezaei A, Andalib A, Koletzko S, Muise AM, Snapper SB, Klein C, Thiagarajah JR, Kotlarz D. NOX1 Regulates Collective and Planktonic Cell Migration: Insights From Patients With Pediatric-Onset IBD and NOX1 Deficiency. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:1166-1176. [PMID: 32064493 PMCID: PMC7365810 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaa017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic defects of pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) provide critical insights into molecular factors controlling intestinal homeostasis. NOX1 has been recently recognized as a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human colonic epithelial cells. Here we assessed the functional consequences of human NOX1 deficiency with respect to wound healing and epithelial migration by studying pediatric IBD patients presenting with a stop-gain mutation in NOX1. METHODS Functional characterization of the NOX1 variant included ROS generation, wound healing, 2-dimensional collective chemotactic migration, single-cell planktonic migration in heterologous cell lines, and RNA scope and immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded patient tissue samples. RESULTS Using exome sequencing, we identified a stop-gain mutation in NOX1 (c.160C>T, p.54R>*) in patients with pediatric-onset IBD. Our studies confirmed that loss-of-function of NOX1 causes abrogated ROS activity, but they also provided novel mechanistic insights into human NOX1 deficiency. Cells that were NOX1-mutant showed impaired wound healing and attenuated 2-dimensional collective chemotactic migration. High-resolution microscopy of the migrating cell edge revealed a reduced density of filopodial protrusions with altered focal adhesions in NOX1-deficient cells, accompanied by reduced phosphorylation of p190A. Assessment of single-cell planktonic migration toward an epidermal growth factor gradient showed that NOX1 deficiency is associated with altered migration dynamics with loss of directionality and altered cell-cell interactions. CONCLUSIONS Our studies on pediatric-onset IBD patients with a rare sequence variant in NOX1 highlight that human NOX1 is involved in regulating wound healing by altering epithelial cytoskeletal dynamics at the leading edge and directing cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Khoshnevisan
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany,Department of Immunology, Medical Faculty, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Michael Anderson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephen Babcock
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sierra Anderson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Illig
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Marquardt
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Roya Sherkat
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Franziska Moll
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hollizeck
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Meino Rohlfs
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Walz
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Peyman Adibi
- Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abbas Rezaei
- Department of Immunology, Medical Faculty, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alireza Andalib
- Department of Immunology, Medical Faculty, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sibylle Koletzko
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany,SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aleixo M Muise
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,PEDI-CODE Consortium, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Scott B Snapper
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,VEO-IBD Consortium, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Klein
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany,SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jay R Thiagarajah
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,PEDI-CODE Consortium, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Address correspondence to: Daniel Kotlarz, MD, PhD, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany (); Jay R. Thiagarajah, MD, PhD, Boston Children’s Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, EN605, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA ()
| | - Daniel Kotlarz
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Address correspondence to: Daniel Kotlarz, MD, PhD, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany (); Jay R. Thiagarajah, MD, PhD, Boston Children’s Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, EN605, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA ()
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Fachbereich Medizin der Goethe-Universität, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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31
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Zimnol A, Spicker N, Balhorn R, Schröder K, Schupp N. The NADPH Oxidase Isoform 1 Contributes to Angiotensin II-Mediated DNA Damage in the Kidney. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070586. [PMID: 32635630 PMCID: PMC7402089 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In higher concentrations, the blood pressure regulating hormone angiotensin II leads to vasoconstriction, hypertension, and oxidative stress by activating NADPH oxidases which are a major enzymatic source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). With the help of knockout animals, the impact of the three predominant NADPH oxidases present in the kidney, i.e., Nox1, Nox2 and Nox4 on angiotensin II-induced oxidative damage was studied. Male wildtype (WT) C57BL/6 mice, Nox1-, Nox2- and Nox4-deficient mice were equipped with osmotic minipumps, delivering either vehicle (PBS) or angiotensin II, for 28 days. Angiotensin II increased blood pressure and urinary albumin levels significantly in all treated mouse strains. In Nox1 knockout mice these increases were significantly lower than in WT, or Nox2 knockout mice. In WT mice, angiotensin II also raised systemic oxidative stress, ROS formation and DNA lesions in the kidney. A local significantly increased ROS production was also found in Nox2 and Nox4 knockout mice but not in Nox1 knockout mice who further had significantly lower systemic oxidative stress and DNA damage than WT animals. Nox2 and Nox4 knockout mice had increased basal DNA damage, concealing possible angiotensin II-induced increases. In conclusion, in the kidney, Nox1 seemed to play a role in angiotensin II-induced DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zimnol
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.Z.); (N.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Nora Spicker
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.Z.); (N.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Ronja Balhorn
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.Z.); (N.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Nicole Schupp
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.Z.); (N.S.); (R.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-211-8113001
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32
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Plecitá-Hlavatá L, Jabůrek M, Holendová B, Tauber J, Pavluch V, Berková Z, Cahová M, Schröder K, Brandes RP, Siemen D, Ježek P. Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion Fundamentally Requires H 2O 2 Signaling by NADPH Oxidase 4. Diabetes 2020; 69:1341-1354. [PMID: 32245800 DOI: 10.2337/db19-1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
NADPH facilitates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in pancreatic islets (PIs) of β-cells through an as yet unknown mechanism. We found NADPH oxidase isoform 4 (NOX4) to be the main producer of cytosolic H2O2, which is essential for GSIS; an increase in ATP alone was insufficient for GSIS. The fast GSIS phase was absent from PIs from NOX4-null, β-cell-specific knockout mice (NOX4βKO) (though not from NOX2 knockout mice) and from NOX4-silenced or catalase-overexpressing INS-1E cells. Lentiviral NOX4 overexpression or H2O2 rescued GSIS in PIs from NOX4βKO mice. NOX4 silencing suppressed Ca2+ oscillations, and the patch-clamped KATP channel opened more frequently when glucose was high. Mitochondrial H2O2, decreasing upon GSIS, provided alternative redox signaling when 2-oxo-isocaproate or fatty acid oxidation formed superoxides through electron-transfer flavoprotein:Q-oxidoreductase. Unlike GSIS, such insulin secretion was blocked with mitochondrial antioxidant SkQ1. Both NOX4 knockout and NOX4βKO mice exhibited impaired glucose tolerance and peripheral insulin resistance. Thus, the redox signaling previously suggested to cause β-cells to self-check hypothetically induces insulin resistance when it is absent. In conclusion, increases in ATP and H2O2 constitute an essential signal that switches on insulin exocytosis for glucose and branched-chain oxoacids as secretagogues (it does so partially for fatty acids). Redox signaling could be impaired by cytosolic antioxidants; hence, those targeting mitochondria should be preferred for clinical applications to treat (pre)diabetes at any stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydie Plecitá-Hlavatá
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, No. 75, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Jabůrek
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, No. 75, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Holendová
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, No. 75, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Tauber
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, No. 75, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Pavluch
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, No. 75, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Berková
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Cahová
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Detlef Siemen
- Klinik für Neurologie, Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Petr Ježek
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, No. 75, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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33
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Seimetz M, Sommer N, Bednorz M, Pak O, Veith C, Hadzic S, Gredic M, Parajuli N, Kojonazarov B, Kraut S, Wilhelm J, Knoepp F, Henneke I, Pichl A, Kanbagli ZI, Scheibe S, Fysikopoulos A, Wu CY, Klepetko W, Jaksch P, Eichstaedt C, Grünig E, Hinderhofer K, Geiszt M, Müller N, Rezende F, Buchmann G, Wittig I, Hecker M, Hecker A, Padberg W, Dorfmüller P, Gattenlöhner S, Vogelmeier CF, Günther A, Karnati S, Baumgart-Vogt E, Schermuly RT, Ghofrani HA, Seeger W, Schröder K, Grimminger F, Brandes RP, Weissmann N. Author Correction: NADPH oxidase subunit NOXO1 is a target for emphysema treatment in COPD. Nat Metab 2020; 2:648. [PMID: 32694792 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-0248-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Seimetz
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Natascha Sommer
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Mariola Bednorz
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Oleg Pak
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Christine Veith
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Hadzic
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Marija Gredic
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Nirmal Parajuli
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Division of Basic Biomedical Science, University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Baktybek Kojonazarov
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Justus-Liebig University, Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany
| | - Simone Kraut
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Justus-Liebig University, Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany
| | - Fenja Knoepp
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Ingrid Henneke
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Justus-Liebig University, Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Pichl
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Zeki I Kanbagli
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Susan Scheibe
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Athanasios Fysikopoulos
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Cheng-Yu Wu
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Walter Klepetko
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Jaksch
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christina Eichstaedt
- Center for Pulmonary Hypertension, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Diagnostics, Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ekkehard Grünig
- Center for Pulmonary Hypertension, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katrin Hinderhofer
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Diagnostics, Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Miklós Geiszt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Niklas Müller
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Flavia Rezende
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Giulia Buchmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Functional Proteomics Group, Goethe-University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Matthias Hecker
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hecker
- Department of Surgery, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Winfried Padberg
- Department of Surgery, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter Dorfmüller
- Department of Pathology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Claus F Vogelmeier
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, German Center for Lung Research, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Günther
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Srikanth Karnati
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Division of Medical Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eveline Baumgart-Vogt
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Division of Medical Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ralph T Schermuly
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Hossein A Ghofrani
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Werner Seeger
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Friedrich Grimminger
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany.
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34
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Seimetz M, Sommer N, Bednorz M, Pak O, Veith C, Hadzic S, Gredic M, Parajuli N, Kojonazarov B, Kraut S, Wilhelm J, Knoepp F, Henneke I, Pichl A, Kanbagli ZI, Scheibe S, Fysikopoulos A, Wu CY, Klepetko W, Jaksch P, Eichstaedt C, Grünig E, Hinderhofer K, Geiszt M, Müller N, Rezende F, Buchmann G, Wittig I, Hecker M, Hecker A, Padberg W, Dorfmüller P, Gattenlöhner S, Vogelmeier CF, Günther A, Karnati S, Baumgart-Vogt E, Schermuly RT, Ghofrani HA, Seeger W, Schröder K, Grimminger F, Brandes RP, Weissmann N. NADPH oxidase subunit NOXO1 is a target for emphysema treatment in COPD. Nat Metab 2020; 2:532-546. [PMID: 32694733 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-0215-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and death worldwide. Peroxynitrite, formed from nitric oxide, which is derived from inducible nitric oxide synthase, and superoxide, has been implicated in the development of emphysema, but the source of the superoxide was hitherto not characterized. Here, we identify the non-phagocytic NADPH oxidase organizer 1 (NOXO1) as the superoxide source and an essential driver of smoke-induced emphysema and pulmonary hypertension development in mice. NOXO1 is consistently upregulated in two models of lung emphysema, Cybb (also known as NADPH oxidase 2, Nox2)-knockout mice and wild-type mice with tobacco-smoke-induced emphysema, and in human COPD. Noxo1-knockout mice are protected against tobacco-smoke-induced pulmonary hypertension and emphysema. Quantification of superoxide, nitrotyrosine and multiple NOXO1-dependent signalling pathways confirm that peroxynitrite formation from nitric oxide and superoxide is a driver of lung emphysema. Our results suggest that NOXO1 may have potential as a therapeutic target in emphysema.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/drug effects
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Emphysema/drug therapy
- Emphysema/etiology
- Emphysema/genetics
- Humans
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/genetics
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Nitric Oxide/metabolism
- Peroxynitrous Acid/metabolism
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/genetics
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Superoxides/metabolism
- Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects
- Tyrosine/analogs & derivatives
- Tyrosine/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Seimetz
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Natascha Sommer
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Mariola Bednorz
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Oleg Pak
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Christine Veith
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Hadzic
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Marija Gredic
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Nirmal Parajuli
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Division of Basic Biomedical Science, University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Baktybek Kojonazarov
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Justus-Liebig University, Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany
| | - Simone Kraut
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Justus-Liebig University, Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany
| | - Fenja Knoepp
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Ingrid Henneke
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Justus-Liebig University, Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Pichl
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Zeki I Kanbagli
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Susan Scheibe
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Athanasios Fysikopoulos
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Cheng-Yu Wu
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Walter Klepetko
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Jaksch
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christina Eichstaedt
- Center for Pulmonary Hypertension, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Diagnostics, Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ekkehard Grünig
- Center for Pulmonary Hypertension, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katrin Hinderhofer
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Diagnostics, Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Miklós Geiszt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Niklas Müller
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Flavia Rezende
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Giulia Buchmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Functional Proteomics Group, Goethe-University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Matthias Hecker
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hecker
- Department of Surgery, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Winfried Padberg
- Department of Surgery, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter Dorfmüller
- Department of Pathology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Claus F Vogelmeier
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, German Center for Lung Research, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Günther
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Srikanth Karnati
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Division of Medical Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eveline Baumgart-Vogt
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Division of Medical Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ralph T Schermuly
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Hossein A Ghofrani
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Werner Seeger
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Friedrich Grimminger
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Justus-Liebig University, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany.
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Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown or at least suggested to play an essential role for cellular signaling as second messengers. NADPH oxidases represent a source of controlled ROS formation. Accordingly, understanding the role of individual NADPH oxidases bears potential to interfere with intracellular signaling cascades without disturbing the signaling itself. Many tools have been developed to study or inhibit the functions and roles of the NADPH oxidases. This short review summarizes diseases, potentially associated with NADPH oxidases, genetically modified animals, and inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Schröder
- Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Fachbereich Medizin der Goethe-Universität, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany. https://
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Pedersen KB, Osborn ML, Robertson AC, Williams AE, Watt J, Denys A, Schröder K, Ronis MJ. Chronic Ethanol Feeding in Mice Decreases Expression of Genes for Major Structural Bone Proteins in a Nox4-Independent Manner. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 373:337-346. [PMID: 32213546 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.264374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone loss in response to alcohol intake has previously been hypothesized to be mediated by excessive production of reactive oxygen species via NADPH oxidase (Nox) enzymes. Nox4 is one of several Nox enzymes expressed in bone. We investigated the role of Nox4 in the chondro-osteoblastic lineage of the long bones in mice during normal chow feeding and during chronic ethanol feeding for 90 days. We generated mice with a genotype (PrxCre +/- Nox4 fl/fl) allowing conditional knockout of Nox4 in the limb bud mesenchyme. Adult mice had 95% knockdown of Nox4 expression in the femoral shafts. For mice on regular chow, only whole-body Nox4 knockout mice had clearly increased cortical thickness and bone mineral density in the tibiae. When chronically fed a liquid diet with and without ethanol, conditional Nox4 knockout mice had slightly reduced dimensions of the cortical and trabecular regions of the tibiae (P < 0.1). The ethanol diet caused a significant reduction in cortical bone area and cortical thickness relative to a control diet without ethanol (P < 0.05). The ethanol diet further reduced gene expression of Frizzled related protein (Frzb), myosin heavy chain 3, and several genes encoding collagen and other major structural bone proteins (P < 0.05), whereas the Nox4 genotype had no effects on these genes. In conclusion, Nox4 expression from both mesenchymal and nonmesenchymal cell lineages appears to exert subtle effects on bone. However, chronic ethanol feeding reduces cortical bone mass and cortical gene expression of major structural bone proteins in a Nox4-independent manner. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Excessive alcohol intake contributes to osteopenia and osteoporosis, with oxidative stress caused by the activity of NADPH oxidases hypothesized to be a mediator. We tested the role of NADPH oxidase (Nox) 4 in osteoblast precursors in the long bones of mice with a conditional Nox4 knockout model. We found that Nox4 exerted effects independent of alcohol intake, and ethanol effects on bone were Nox4-independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim B Pedersen
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, Louisiana (K.B.P., A.C.R., A.E.W., J.W., A.D., M.J.R.); Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University (LSU) School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana (M.L.O.); and Institute of Physiology I, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany (K.S.)
| | - Michelle L Osborn
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, Louisiana (K.B.P., A.C.R., A.E.W., J.W., A.D., M.J.R.); Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University (LSU) School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana (M.L.O.); and Institute of Physiology I, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany (K.S.)
| | - Alex C Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, Louisiana (K.B.P., A.C.R., A.E.W., J.W., A.D., M.J.R.); Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University (LSU) School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana (M.L.O.); and Institute of Physiology I, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany (K.S.)
| | - Ashlee E Williams
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, Louisiana (K.B.P., A.C.R., A.E.W., J.W., A.D., M.J.R.); Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University (LSU) School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana (M.L.O.); and Institute of Physiology I, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany (K.S.)
| | - James Watt
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, Louisiana (K.B.P., A.C.R., A.E.W., J.W., A.D., M.J.R.); Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University (LSU) School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana (M.L.O.); and Institute of Physiology I, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany (K.S.)
| | - Alexandra Denys
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, Louisiana (K.B.P., A.C.R., A.E.W., J.W., A.D., M.J.R.); Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University (LSU) School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana (M.L.O.); and Institute of Physiology I, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany (K.S.)
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, Louisiana (K.B.P., A.C.R., A.E.W., J.W., A.D., M.J.R.); Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University (LSU) School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana (M.L.O.); and Institute of Physiology I, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany (K.S.)
| | - Martin J Ronis
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, Louisiana (K.B.P., A.C.R., A.E.W., J.W., A.D., M.J.R.); Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University (LSU) School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana (M.L.O.); and Institute of Physiology I, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany (K.S.)
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Verboket RD, Leiblein M, Janko M, Schaible A, Brune JC, Schröder K, Heilani M, Fremdling C, Busche Y, Irrle T, Marzi I, Nau C, Henrich D. From two stages to one: acceleration of the induced membrane (Masquelet) technique using human acellular dermis for the treatment of non-infectious large bone defects. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2020; 46:317-327. [PMID: 31932852 PMCID: PMC7113234 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-019-01296-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The induced membrane technique for the treatment of large bone defects is a two-step procedure. In the first operation, a foreign body membrane is induced around a spacer, then, in the second step, several weeks or months later, the spacer is removed and the Membrane pocket is filled with autologous bone material. Induction of a functional biological membrane might be avoided by initially using a biological membrane. In this study, the effect of a human acellular dermis (hADM, Epiflex, DIZG gGmbH) was evaluated for the treatment of a large (5 mm), plate-stabilised femoral bone defect. Material and Methods In an established rat model, hADM was compared to the two-stage induced membrane technique and a bone defect without membrane cover. Syngeneous spongiosa from donor animals was used for defect filling in all groups. The group size in each case was n = 5, the induction time of the membrane was 3–4 weeks and the healing time after filling of the defect was 8 weeks. Results The ultimate loads were increased to levels comparable with native bone in both membrane groups (hADM: 63.2% ± 29.6% of the reference bone, p < 0.05 vs. no membrane, induced membrane: 52.1% ± 25.8% of the reference bone, p < 0.05 vs. no membrane) and were significantly higher than the control group without membrane (21.5%). The membrane groups were radiologically and histologically almost completely bridged by new bone formation, in contrast to the control Group where no closed osseous bridging could be observed. Conclusion The use of the human acellular dermis leads to equivalent healing results in comparison to the two-stage induced membrane technique. This could lead to a shortened therapy duration of large bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Danilo Verboket
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Maximilian Leiblein
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maren Janko
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexander Schaible
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jan Claas Brune
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG gemeinnützige GmbH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Center of Physiology, Cardiovascular Physiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Myriam Heilani
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Charlotte Fremdling
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yannic Busche
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tanja Irrle
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christoph Nau
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Leiblein M, Koch E, Winkenbach A, Schaible A, Nau C, Büchner H, Schröder K, Marzi I, Henrich D. Size matters: Effect of granule size of the bone graft substitute (Herafill®) on bone healing using Masquelet's induced membrane in a critical size defect model in the rat's femur. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:1469-1482. [PMID: 31721435 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Masquelet technique for the treatment of large bone defects is a two-stage procedure based on an induced membrane. The size of a scaffold is reported to be a critical factor for bone healing response. We therefore aimed to investigate the influence of the granule size of a bone graft substitute on bone marrow derived mononuclear cells (BMC) supported bone healing in combination with the induced membrane. We compared three different sizes of Herafill® granules (Heraeus Medical GmbH, Wehrheim) with or without BMC in vivo in a rat femoral critical size defect. A 10 mm defect was made in 126 rats and a membrane induced by a PMMA-spacer. After 3 weeks, the spacer was taken out and membrane filled with different granule sizes. After 8 weeks femurs were taken for radiological, biomechanical, histological, and immunohistochemical analysis. Further, whole blood of the rat was incubated with granules and expression of 29 peptide mediators was assessed. Smallest granules showed significantly improved bone healing compared to larger granules, which however did not lead to an increased biomechanical stability in the defect zone. Small granules lead to an increased accumulation of macrophages in situ which could be assigned to the inflammatory subtype M1 by majority. Increased release of chemotactic respectively proangiogenic active factors in vitro compared to syngenic bone and beta-TCP was observed. Granule size of the bone graft substitute Herafill® has significant impact on bone healing of a critical size defect in combination with Masquelet's technique in terms of bone formation and inflammatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Leiblein
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Elias Koch
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Winkenbach
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alexander Schaible
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christoph Nau
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Katrin Schröder
- Vascular Research Center, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Kashefiolasl S, Leisegang M, Helfinger V, Schürmann C, Pflüger-Müller B, Randriamboavonjy V, Vasconez AE, Carmeliet G, Badenhoop K, Hintereder G, Seifert V, Schröder K, Konczalla J, Brandes R. Vitamin D: A New Perspective in Treatment of Cerebral Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyz310_172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Zhang M, Mongue-Din H, Martin D, Catibog N, Smyrnias I, Zhang X, Yu B, Wang M, Brandes RP, Schröder K, Shah AM. Both cardiomyocyte and endothelial cell Nox4 mediate protection against hemodynamic overload-induced remodelling. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:401-408. [PMID: 29040462 PMCID: PMC6018755 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims NADPH oxidase-4 (Nox4) is an important reactive oxygen species (ROS) source that is upregulated in the haemodynamically overloaded heart. Our previous studies using global Nox4 knockout (Nox4KO) mice demonstrated a protective role of Nox4 during chronic abdominal aortic banding, involving a paracrine enhancement of myocardial capillary density. However, other authors who studied cardiac-specific Nox4KO mice reported detrimental effects of Nox4 in response to transverse aortic constriction (TAC). It has been speculated that these divergent results are due to cell-specific actions of Nox4 (i.e. cardiomyocyte Nox4 detrimental but endothelial Nox4 beneficial) and/or differences in the model of pressure overload (i.e. abdominal banding vs. TAC). This study aimed to (i) investigate whether the effects of Nox4 on pressure overload-induced cardiac remodelling vary according to the pressure overload model and (ii) compare the roles of cardiomyocyte vs. endothelial cell Nox4. Methods and results Global Nox4KO mice subjected to TAC developed worse cardiac remodelling and contractile dysfunction than wild-type littermates, consistent with our previous results with abdominal aortic banding. Next, we generated inducible cardiomyocyte-specific Nox4 KO mice (Cardio-Nox4KO) and endothelial-specific Nox4 KO mice (Endo-Nox4KO) and studied their responses to pressure overload. Both Cardio-Nox4KO and Endo-Nox4KO developed worse pressure overload-induced cardiac remodelling and dysfunction than wild-type littermates, associated with significant decrease in protein levels of HIF1α and VEGF and impairment of myocardial capillarization. Conclusions Cardiomyocyte as well as endothelial cell Nox4 contributes to protection against chronic hemodynamic overload-induced cardiac remodelling, at least in part through common effects on myocardial capillary density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Heloise Mongue-Din
- Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Daniel Martin
- Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Norman Catibog
- Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Ioannis Smyrnias
- Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Bin Yu
- Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Minshu Wang
- Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Goethe-Universität, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Goethe-Universität, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ajay M Shah
- Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
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von Knethen A, Schäfer A, Kuchler L, Knape T, Christen U, Hintermann E, Fißlthaler B, Schröder K, Brandes RP, Genz B, Abshagen K, Pützer BM, Sha LK, Weigert A, Syed SN, Schulz M, Shah AM, Ernst A, Putyrski M, Finkelmeier F, Pesic M, Greten F, Hogardt M, Kempf VAJ, Gunne S, Parnham MJ, Brüne B. Tolerizing CTL by Sustained Hepatic PD-L1 Expression Provides a New Therapy Approach in Mouse Sepsis. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:2003-2016. [PMID: 31037153 PMCID: PMC6485280 DOI: 10.7150/thno.28057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activation contributes to liver damage during sepsis, but the mechanisms involved are largely unknown. Understanding the underlying principle will permit interference with CTL activation and thus, provide a new therapeutic option. Methods: To elucidate the mechanism leading to CTL activation we used the Hepa1-6 cell line in vitro and the mouse model of in vivo polymicrobial sepsis, following cecal-ligation and -puncture (CLP) in wildtype, myeloid specific NOX-2, global NOX2 and NOX4 knockout mice, and their survival as a final readout. In this in vivo setting, we also determined hepatic mRNA and protein expression as well as clinical parameters of liver damage - aspartate- and alanine amino-transaminases. Hepatocyte specific overexpression of PD-L1 was achieved in vivo by adenoviral infection and transposon-based gene transfer using hydrodynamic injection. Results: We observed downregulation of PD-L1 on hepatocytes in the murine sepsis model. Adenoviral and transposon-based gene transfer to restore PD-L1 expression, significantly improved survival and reduced the release of liver damage, as PD-L1 is a co-receptor that negatively regulates T cell function. Similar protection was observed during pharmacological intervention using recombinant PD-L1-Fc. N-acetylcysteine blocked the downregulation of PD-L1 suggesting the involvement of reactive oxygen species. This was confirmed in vivo, as we observed significant upregulation of PD-L1 expression in NOX4 knockout mice, following sham operation, whereas its expression in global as well as myeloid lineage NOX2 knockout mice was comparable to that in the wild type animals. PD-L1 expression remained high following CLP only in total NOX2 knockouts, resulting in significantly reduced release of liver damage markers. Conclusion: These results suggest that, contrary to common assumption, maintaining PD-L1 expression on hepatocytes improves liver damage and survival of mice during sepsis. We conclude that administering recombinant PD-L1 or inhibiting NOX2 activity might offer a new therapeutic option in sepsis.
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Abstract
New Findings What is the topic of this review? Within this review, the role of reactive oxygen species in cellular homeostasis, physiology and pathophysiology is discussed.
What advances does it highlight? The review provides new concepts of how reactive oxygen species influence gene expression, energy consumption and other aspects of the life of a cell. Furthermore, a model is provided to illustrate how reactive oxygen species elicit specific oxidation of target molecules.
Abstract Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have a long history of bad reputation. They are needed and effective in host defense, but on the contrary may induce situations of oxidative stress. Besides that, within recent years several soft functions (functions that may occur and are not directly connected to an effect, but may influence signaling in an indirect manner) of NADPH oxidases have been discovered, which are slowly eroding the image of the solely dangerous ROS. NADPH oxidase‐derived ROS serve to ease or enable signal transduction and to maintain homeostasis. However, there is still an enormous lag in the knowledge concerning target proteins and how ROS can elicit specific signalling in different cells and tissues. The present review summarizes some important functions of Nox2 and Nox4. Furthermore, although highly speculative, a model is provided of how those NADPH oxidases might be able to oxidize target proteins in a specific way. Many concepts mentioned in this review represent my personal view and are supported only in part by published studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Angiogenesis is the formation of new vessels that sprout from existing vessels. This process is highly complex and requires a coordinated shift of the endothelial phenotype from a quiescent cell in the vessel wall into a migrating or proliferating cell. Such change in the life of the endothelial cell is induced by a variety of factors such as hypoxia, metabolic changes, or cytokines. Recent Advances: Within the last years, it became clear that the cellular redox state and oxidation of signaling molecules or phosphatases are critical modulators in angiogenesis. CRITICAL ISSUES According to the wide variety of stimuli that induce angiogenesis, a complex signaling network is needed to support a coordinated response of the endothelial cell. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) now are second messengers that either directly oxidize a target molecule or initiate a cascade of redox sensitive steps that transmit the signal. Further Directions: For the understanding of redox signaling, it is essential to recognize and accept that ROS do not represent master regulators of angiogenetic processes. They rather modulate existing signal cascades. This review summarizes some current findings on redox signaling in angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Schröder
- 1 Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.,2 German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhine-Main, Frankfurt, Germany
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Abstract
Bone is a tissue with constant remodeling, where osteoblasts form and osteoclasts degrade bone. Both cell types are highly specialized in their function and both form from precursors and have to be replaced on a regular basis. This replacement represents one control level of bone homeostasis. The second important level would be the control of the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in order to keep the balance of bone -formation and -degradation. Both differentiation and control of cellular function are potentially redox sensitive processes. In fact, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are utilized by a wide range of cells for differentiation and control of cellular signaling and function. A major source of ROS is the family of NADPH oxidases. The sole function of those enzymes is the formation of ROS in a controlled and targeted manner. Importantly the members of the NADPH oxidase family differ in their localization and in the type and amount of ROS produced. Accordingly the impact of the members of the NADPH oxidase family on differentiation and function differs between cell types. This review will highlight the function of different NADPH oxidases in differentiation and function of bone cells and thereby will discuss the role of NADPH oxidases in bone homeostasis and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Löwe O, Rezende F, Heidler J, Wittig I, Helfinger V, Brandes RP, Schröder K. BIAM switch assay coupled to mass spectrometry identifies novel redox targets of NADPH oxidase 4. Redox Biol 2019; 21:101125. [PMID: 30716538 PMCID: PMC6360804 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim NADPH oxidase (Nox) -derived reactive oxygen species have been implicated in redox signaling via cysteine oxidation in target proteins. Although the importance of oxidation of target proteins is well known, the specificity of such events is often debated. Only a limited number of Nox-oxidized proteins have been identified thus far; especially little is known concerning redox-targets of the constitutively active NADPH oxidase Nox4. In this study, HEK293 cells with tetracycline-inducible Nox4 overexpression (HEK-tet-Nox4), as well as podocytes of WT and Nox4-/- mice, were utilized to identify Nox4-dependent redox-modified proteins. Results TGFβ1 induced an elevation in Nox4 expression in podocytes from WT but not Nox4-/- mice. Using BIAM based redox switch assay in combination with mass spectrometry and western blot analysis, 142 proteins were identified as differentially oxidized in podocytes from wild type vs. Nox4-/- mice and 131 proteins were differentially oxidized in HEK-tet-Nox4 cells upon Nox4 overexpression. A predominant overlap was found for peroxiredoxins and thioredoxins, as expected. More interestingly, the GRB2-associated-binding protein 1 (Gab1) was identified as being differentially oxidized in both approaches. Further analysis using mass spectrometry-coupled BIAM switch assay and site directed mutagenesis, revealed Cys374 and Cys405 as the major Nox4 targeted oxidation sites in Gab1. Innovation & conclusion BIAM switch assay coupled to mass spectrometry is a powerful and versatile tool to identify differentially oxidized proteins in a global untargeted way. Nox4, as a source of hydrogen peroxide, changes the redox-state of numerous proteins. Of those, we identified Gab1 as a novel redox target of Nox4. BIAM switch assay coupled to MS is a powerful tool to identify oxidized proteins. Stable Nox4 overexpression oxidized Prx and Trx in presence of Auranofin only. Gab1 was identified as novel redox-target of Nox4. Cys374 and Cys405 were identified as the major oxidized cysteines in Gab1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Löwe
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Flávia Rezende
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Juliana Heidler
- Functional Proteomics, SFB 815 Core Unit, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Functional Proteomics, SFB 815 Core Unit, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Valeska Helfinger
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Vasconez AE, Janetzko P, Oo JA, Pflüger-Müller B, Ratiu C, Gu L, Helin K, Geisslinger G, Fleming I, Schröder K, Fork C, Brandes RP, Leisegang MS. The histone demethylase Jarid1b mediates angiotensin II-induced endothelial dysfunction by controlling the 3'UTR of soluble epoxide hydrolase. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2019; 225:e13168. [PMID: 30076673 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM The histone demethylase Jarid1b limits gene expression by removing the active methyl mark from histone3 lysine4 at gene promoter regions. A vascular function of Jarid1b is unknown, but a vasoprotective function to inflammatory and hypertrophic stimuli, like angiotensin II (AngII) could be inferred. This hypothesis was tested using Jarid1b knockout mice and the inhibitor PBIT. METHODS Mice or aortic segments were treated with AngII to induce endothelial dysfunction. Aortae from WT and Jarid1b knockout were studied in organ chambers and endothelium-dependent dilator responses to acetylcholine and endothelium-independent responses to DetaNONOate were recorded after pre-constriction with phenylephrine in the presence or absence of the NO-synthase inhibitor nitro-L-arginine. Molecular mechanisms were investigated with chromatin immunoprecipitation, RNA-Seq, RNA-3'-adaptor-ligation, actinomycin D and RNA-immunoprecipitation. RESULTS Knockout or inhibition of Jarid1b prevented the development of endothelial dysfunction in response to AngII. This effect was not a consequence of altered nitrite oxide availability but accompanied by a loss of the inflammatory response to AngII. As Jarid1b mainly inhibits gene expression, an indirect effect should account for this observation. AngII induced the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), which degrades anti-inflammatory lipids, and thus promotes inflammation. Knockout or inhibition of Jarid1b prevented the AngII-mediated sEH induction. Mechanistically, Jarid1b maintained the length of the 3'untranslated region of the sEH mRNA, thereby increasing its stability and thus sEH protein expression. Loss of Jarid1b activity therefore resulted in sEH mRNA destabilization. CONCLUSION Jarid1b contributes to the pro-inflammatory effects of AngII by stabilizing sEH expression. Jarid1b inhibition might be an option for future therapeutics against cardiovascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea E. Vasconez
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
| | - Patrick Janetzko
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
| | - James A. Oo
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
| | - Beatrice Pflüger-Müller
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
| | - Corina Ratiu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Department of Functional Sciences - Pathophysiology; “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara; Timisoara Romania
| | - Lunda Gu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Kristian Helin
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC); University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Centre for Epigenetics; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
- Institute for Vascular Signalling; Centre for Molecular Medicine; Goethe-University; Frankfurt Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
| | - Christian Fork
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
| | - Ralf P. Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
| | - Matthias S. Leisegang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology; Goethe-University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt Germany
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Hancock M, Hafstad AD, Nabeebaccus AA, Catibog N, Logan A, Smyrnias I, Hansen SS, Lanner J, Schröder K, Murphy MP, Shah AM, Zhang M. Myocardial NADPH oxidase-4 regulates the physiological response to acute exercise. eLife 2018; 7:41044. [PMID: 30589411 PMCID: PMC6307857 DOI: 10.7554/elife.41044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular exercise has widespread health benefits. Fundamental to these beneficial effects is the ability of the heart to intermittently and substantially increase its performance without incurring damage, but the underlying homeostatic mechanisms are unclear. We identify the ROS-generating NADPH oxidase-4 (Nox4) as an essential regulator of exercise performance in mice. Myocardial Nox4 levels increase during acute exercise and trigger activation of the transcription factor Nrf2, with the induction of multiple endogenous antioxidants. Cardiomyocyte-specific Nox4-deficient (csNox4KO) mice display a loss of exercise-induced Nrf2 activation, cardiac oxidative stress and reduced exercise performance. Cardiomyocyte-specific Nrf2-deficient (csNrf2KO) mice exhibit similar compromised exercise capacity, with mitochondrial and cardiac dysfunction. Supplementation with an Nrf2 activator or a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant effectively restores cardiac performance and exercise capacity in csNox4KO and csNrf2KO mice respectively. The Nox4/Nrf2 axis therefore drives a hormetic response that is required for optimal cardiac mitochondrial and contractile function during physiological exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Hancock
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anne D Hafstad
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Adam A Nabeebaccus
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Norman Catibog
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Logan
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ioannis Smyrnias
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Synne S Hansen
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Johanna Lanner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologien, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michael P Murphy
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ajay M Shah
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
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Nau C, Simon S, Schaible A, Seebach C, Schröder K, Marzi I, Henrich D. Influence of the induced membrane filled with syngeneic bone and regenerative cells on bone healing in a critical size defect model of the rat's femur. Injury 2018; 49:1721-1731. [PMID: 30244700 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2018.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The induced membrane technique for the treatment of large bone defects consists of a 2-stage procedure. In the first stage, a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement spacer is inserted into the bony defect of a rat's femur and over a period of 2-4 weeks a membrane forms that encapsulates the defect/spacer. In a second operation the membrane is opened, the PMMA spacer is removed and the resulting cavity is filled with autologous bone. Since little effort has been made to replace the need for autologous bone this study was performed to elucidate the influence of different stem cells and the membrane itself on bone healing in a critical size femur defect model in rats. Especially the question should be addressed whether the use of stem cells seeded on a β-TCP scaffold is equivalent to syngeneic bone as defect filling in combination with the induced membrane technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 96 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats received a 10 mm critical size defect of the femur, which was stabilized by a plate osteosynthesis and filled with PMMA cement. In a second step the spacer was extracted and the defects were filled with syngeneic bone, β-TCP with MSC + EPC or BM-MNC. In order to elucidate the influence of the induced membrane on bone defect healing the induced membrane was removed in half of the operated femurs. The defect area was analysed 8 weeks later for bone formation (osteocalcin staining), bone mineral density (BMD) and bone strength (3-point bending test). RESULTS New bone formation, bone mineral density and bone stiffness increased significantly, if the membrane was kept. The transplantation of biologically active material (syngeneic bone, stem cells on b-TCP) into the bone defect mostly led to a further increase of bone healing. Syngeneic bone had the greatest impact on bone healing however defects treated with stem cells were oftentimes comparable. CONCLUSION For the first time we demonstrated the effect of the induced membrane itself and different stem cells on critical size defect healing. This could be a promising approach to reduce the need for autologous bone transplantation with its' limited availability and donor site morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Nau
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Simon
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Alexander Schaible
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Caroline Seebach
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Germany.
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE RNA is a heterogeneous class of molecules with the minority being protein coding. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in translation and epigenetic control mechanisms of gene expression. Recent Advances: In recent years, the number of identified ncRNAs has dramatically increased and it is now clear that ncRNAs provide a complex layer of differential gene expression control. CRITICAL ISSUES NcRNAs exhibit interplay with redox regulation. Redox regulation alters the expression of ncRNAs; conversely, ncRNAs alter the expression of generator and effector systems of redox regulation in a complex manner, which will be the focus of this review article. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Understanding the role of ncRNA in redox control will lead to the development of new strategies to alter redox programs. Given that many ncRNAs (particularly microRNAs [miRNAs]) change large gene sets, these molecules are attractive drug candidates; already, now miRNAs can be targeted in patients. Therefore, the development of ncRNA therapies focusing on these molecules is an attractive future strategy. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 793-812.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias S Leisegang
- 1 Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany .,2 German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) , Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- 1 Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany .,2 German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) , Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- 1 Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany .,2 German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) , Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
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50
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a powerful effector of redox signaling. It is able to oxidize cysteine residues, metal ion centers, and lipids. Understanding H2O2-mediated signaling requires, to some extent, measurement of H2O2 level. Recent Advances: Chemically and genetically encoded fluorescent probes for the detection of H2O2 are currently the most sensitive and popular. Novel probes are constantly being developed, with the latest progress particular with boronates and genetically encoded probes. CRITICAL ISSUES All currently available probes display limitations in terms of sensitivity, local and temporal resolution, and specificity in the detection of low H2O2 concentrations. In this review, we discuss the power of fluorescent probes and the systems in which they have been successfully employed. Moreover, we recommend approaches for overcoming probe limitations and for the avoidance of artifacts. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Constant improvements will lead to the generation of probes that are not only more sensitive but also specifically tailored to individual cellular compartments. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 585-602.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Rezende
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University , Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University , Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University , Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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