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Suda T, Hanawa T, Tanaka M, Tanji Y, Miyanaga K, Hasegawa-Ishii S, Shirato K, Kizaki T, Matsuda T. Modification of the immune response by bacteriophages alters methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15656. [PMID: 36123529 PMCID: PMC9483902 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19922-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop phage therapies for multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. However, although bacteria have been shown to be susceptible to phage therapy, phage therapy is not sufficient in some cases. PhiMR003 is a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus phage previously isolated from sewage influent, and it has demonstrated high lytic activity and a broad host range to MRSA clinical isolates in vitro. To investigate the potential of phiMR003 for the treatment of MRSA infection, the effects of phiMR003 on immune responses in vivo were analysed using phiMR003-susceptible MRSA strains in a mouse wound infection model. Additionally, we assessed whether phiMR003 could affect the immune response to infection with a nonsusceptible MRSA strain. Interestingly, wounds infected with both susceptible and nonsusceptible MRSA strains treated with phiMR003 demonstrated decreased bacterial load, reduced inflammation and accelerated wound closure. Moreover, the infiltration of inflammatory cells in infected tissue was altered by phiMR003. While the effects of phiMR003 on inflammation and bacterial load disappeared with heat inactivation of phiMR003. Transcripts of proinflammatory cytokines induced by lipopolysaccharide were reduced in mouse peritoneal macrophages. These results show that the immune modulation occurring as a response to the phage itself improves the clinical outcomes of phage therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Suda
- Department of General Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2, Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Tomoko Hanawa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2, Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan.
| | - Mayuko Tanaka
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2, Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Yasunori Tanji
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 J3-8 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Miyanaga
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 J3-8 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan.,Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Sanae Hasegawa-Ishii
- Pathology Research Team, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8612, Japan
| | - Ken Shirato
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Takako Kizaki
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Takeaki Matsuda
- Department of General Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2, Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan. .,Department of Traumatology and Critical Care Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2, Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan.
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Shirato K, Sato S. Macrophage Meets the Circadian Clock: Implication of the Circadian Clock in the Role of Macrophages in Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:826738. [PMID: 35281442 PMCID: PMC8904936 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.826738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian rhythm is a biological system that creates daily variations of physiology and behavior with a 24-h cycle, which is precisely controlled by the molecular circadian clock. The circadian clock dominates temporal activity of physiological homeostasis at the molecular level, including endocrine secretion, metabolic, immune response, coupled with extrinsic environmental cues (e.g., light/dark cycles) and behavioral cues (e.g., sleep/wake cycles and feeding/fasting cycles). The other side of the clock is that the misaligned circadian rhythm contributes to the onset of a variety of diseases, such as cancer, metabolic diseases, and cardiovascular diseases, the acceleration of aging, and the development of systemic inflammation. The role played by macrophages is a key mediator between circadian disruption and systemic inflammation. At the molecular level, macrophage functions are under the direct control of the circadian clock, and thus the circadian misalignment remodels the phenotype of macrophages toward a ‘killer’ mode. Remarkably, the inflammatory macrophages induce systemic and chronic inflammation, leading to the development of inflammatory diseases and the dampened immune defensive machinery against infectious diseases such as COVID-19. Here, we discuss how the circadian clock regulates macrophage immune functions and provide the potential risk of misaligned circadian rhythms against inflammatory and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Shirato
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan
| | - Shogo Sato
- Center for Biological Clocks Research, Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Shogo Sato,
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Kato H, Ogasawara J, Takakura H, Shirato K, Sakurai T, Kizaki T, Izawa T. Exercise Training-Enhanced Lipolytic Potency to Catecholamine Depends on the Time of the Day. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186920. [PMID: 32967199 PMCID: PMC7554872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise training is well known to enhance adipocyte lipolysis in response to hormone challenge. However, the existence of a relationship between the timing of exercise training and its effect on adipocyte lipolysis is unknown. To clarify this issue, Wistar rats were run on a treadmill for 9 weeks in either the early part (E-EX) or late part of the active phase (L-EX). L-EX rats exhibited greater isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis expressed as fold induction over basal lipolysis, with greater protein expression levels of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) phosphorylated at Ser 660 compared to E-EX rats. Furthermore, we discovered that Brain and muscle Arnt-like (BMAL)1 protein can associate directly with several protein kinase A (PKA) regulatory units (RIα, RIβ, and RIIβ) of protein kinase, its anchoring protein (AKAP)150, and HSL, and that the association of BMAL1 with the regulatory subunits of PKA, AKAP150, and HSL was greater in L-EX than in E-EX rats. In contrast, comparison between E-EX and their counterpart sedentary control rats showed a greater co-immunoprecipitation only between BMAL1 and ATGL. Thus, both E-EX and L-EX showed an enhanced lipolytic response to isoproterenol, but the mechanisms underlying exercise training-enhanced lipolytic response to isoproterenol were different in each group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Kato
- Organization for Research Initiatives and Development, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara-Miyakodani, Kyotanabe City, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan;
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara-Miyakodani, Kyotanabe City, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan;
| | - Junetsu Ogasawara
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan;
| | - Hisashi Takakura
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara-Miyakodani, Kyotanabe City, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan;
| | - Ken Shirato
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University of School Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan; (K.S.); (T.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Takuya Sakurai
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University of School Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan; (K.S.); (T.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Takako Kizaki
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University of School Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan; (K.S.); (T.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Tetsuya Izawa
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara-Miyakodani, Kyotanabe City, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan;
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara-Miyakodani, Kyotanabe City, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-424-65-6721; Fax: +81-424-65-6729
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Koda T, Shirato K, Takanari J, Imai H. Effects of a Standardized Extract of Asparagus officinalisStem on Photoaging in the Epidermal Layer of the Skin Using Cultured Keratinocytes. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19857345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Koda
- Division of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Tokyo Healthcare University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Shirato
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hideki Imai
- Division of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Tokyo Healthcare University, Tokyo, Japan
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Shirato K, Takanari J, Koda T, Sakurai T, Ogasawara J, Ohno H, Kizaki T. A standardized extract of Asparagus officinalis stem prevents reduction in heat shock protein 70 expression in ultraviolet-B-irradiated normal human dermal fibroblasts: an in vitro study. Environ Health Prev Med 2018; 23:40. [PMID: 30131067 PMCID: PMC6104003 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-018-0730-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) exhibits protective effects against ultraviolet (UV)-induced premature skin aging. A standardized extract of Asparagus officinalis stem (EAS) is produced as a novel and unique functional food that induces HSP70 cellular expression. To elucidate the anti-photoaging potencies of EAS, we examined its effects on HSP70 expression levels in UV-B-irradiated normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs). Methods NHDFs were treated with 1 mg/mL of EAS or dextrin (vehicle control) prior to UV-B irradiation (20 mJ/cm2). After culturing NHDFs for different time periods, HSP70 mRNA and protein levels were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. Results UV-B-irradiated NHDFs showed reduced HSP70 mRNA levels after 1–6 h of culture, which were recovered after 24 h of culture. Treatment with EAS alone for 24 h increased HSP70 mRNA levels in the NHDFs, but the increase was not reflected in its protein levels. On the other hand, pretreatment with EAS abolished the UV-B irradiation-induced reduction in HSP70 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. These results suggest that EAS is capable to preserve HSP70 quantity in UV-B-irradiated NHDFs. Conclusions EAS exhibits anti-photoaging potencies by preventing the reduction in HSP70 expression in UV-irradiated dermal fibroblasts. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12199-018-0730-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Shirato
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan.
| | - Jun Takanari
- Amino Up Chemical Co. Ltd, 363-32 Shin-ei, Kiyota, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 004-0839, Japan
| | - Tomoko Koda
- Faculty of Nursing, Tokyo Healthcare University, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8558, Japan
| | - Takuya Sakurai
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Junetsu Ogasawara
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Hideki Ohno
- Social Medical Corporation, The Yamatokai Foundation, 1-13-12 Nangai, Higashiyamato, Tokyo, 207-0014, Japan
| | - Takako Kizaki
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
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Shirato K, Koda T, Takanari J, Ogasawara J, Sakurai T, Ohno H, Kizaki T. ETAS®50 Attenuates Ultraviolet-B-Induced Interleukin-6 Expression by Suppressing Akt Phosphorylation in Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2018; 2018:1547120. [PMID: 30108645 PMCID: PMC6077605 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1547120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
We recently reported that ETAS 50, a standardized extract from the Asparagus officinalis stem, exerted anti-inflammatory effects on ultraviolet-B- (UV-B-) irradiated normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) by inhibiting nuclear factor-κB p65 nuclear import and the resulting interleukin-1β (IL-1β) expression. To further elucidate the antiphotoaging potency of ETAS 50, we examined the anti-inflammatory effects on UV-B-irradiated NHDFs by focusing on the stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Akt signaling pathways. NHDFs were treated with 1 mg/mL of ETAS 50 or dextrin (vehicle control) after UV-B irradiation (20 mJ/cm2) for different time periods. Phosphorylation levels of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 MAPK, and Akt were analyzed by western blotting. IL-6 mRNA levels were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. UV-B-irradiated NHDFs showed increased phosphorylation levels of JNK, p38 MAPK, and Akt, as well as increased mRNA levels of IL-6. ETAS 50 treatment after UV-B irradiation suppressed the increased phosphorylation levels of Akt without affecting those of JNK and p38 MAPK. ETAS 50 as well as Akt inhibitor Perifosine repressed UV-B irradiation-induced IL-6 mRNA expression. These results suggest that ETAS 50 treatment represses UV-B irradiation-induced IL-6 expression by suppressing Akt phosphorylation. The present findings demonstrate the potential of ETAS 50 to prevent photoaging by attenuating UV-B irradiation-induced proinflammatory responses in skin fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Shirato
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Tomoko Koda
- Faculty of Nursing, Tokyo Healthcare University, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8558, Japan
| | - Jun Takanari
- Amino Up Chemical Co. Ltd., 363-32 Shin-ei, Kiyota, Sapporo, Hokkaido 004-0839, Japan
| | - Junetsu Ogasawara
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Takuya Sakurai
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Hideki Ohno
- Social Medical Corporation, The Yamatokai Foundation, 1-13-12 Nangai, Higashiyamato, Tokyo 207-0014, Japan
| | - Takako Kizaki
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
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Shirato K, Koda T, Takanari J, Sakurai T, Ogasawara J, Imaizumi K, Ohno H, Kizaki T. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of ETAS®50 by Inhibiting Nuclear Factor- κB p65 Nuclear Import in Ultraviolet-B-Irradiated Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2018; 2018:5072986. [PMID: 29967648 PMCID: PMC6008667 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5072986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation induces proinflammatory responses in skin cells, including dermal fibroblasts, accelerating premature skin aging (photoaging). ETAS 50, a standardized extract from the Asparagus officinalis stem, is a novel and unique functional food that suppresses proinflammatory responses of hydrogen peroxide-stimulated skin fibroblasts and interleukin- (IL-) 1β-stimulated hepatocytes. To elucidate its antiphotoaging potencies, we examined whether ETAS 50 treatment after UV-B irradiation attenuates proinflammatory responses of normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs). UV-B-irradiated NHDFs showed reduced levels of the cytosolic inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB α (IκBα) protein and increased levels of nuclear p65 protein. The nuclear factor-κB nuclear translocation inhibitor JSH-23 abolished UV-B irradiation-induced IL-1β mRNA expression, indicating that p65 regulates transcriptional induction. ETAS 50 also markedly suppressed UV-B irradiation-induced increases in IL-1β mRNA levels. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that ETAS 50 retained p65 in the cytosol after UV-B irradiation. Western blotting also showed that ETAS 50 suppressed the UV-B irradiation-induced increases in nuclear p65 protein. Moreover, ETAS 50 clearly suppressed UV-B irradiation-induced distribution of importin-α protein levels in the nucleus without recovering cytosolic IκBα protein levels. These results suggest that ETAS 50 exerts anti-inflammatory effects on UV-B-irradiated NHDFs by suppressing the nuclear import machinery of p65. Therefore, ETAS 50 may prevent photoaging by suppressing UV irradiation-induced proinflammatory responses of dermal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Shirato
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Tomoko Koda
- Faculty of Nursing, Tokyo Healthcare University, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8558, Japan
| | - Jun Takanari
- Amino Up Chemical Co. Ltd., 363-32 Shinei, Kiyota, Sapporo, Hokkaido 004-0839, Japan
| | - Takuya Sakurai
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Junetsu Ogasawara
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Imaizumi
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
| | - Hideki Ohno
- Social Medical Corporation, The Yamatokai Foundation, 1-13-12 Nangai, Higashiyamato, Tokyo 207-0014, Japan
| | - Takako Kizaki
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
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Koda T, Shirato K, Takanari J, Imai H. Enzyme-Treated Asparagus Extract (ETAS) Facilitates the Turnover of UV-B-Irradiated Keratinocytes. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2018; 64:138-142. [PMID: 29710031 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.64.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-treated asparagus extract (ETAS) is prepared from the lower, residual parts of asparagus, and some functionalities, such as anti-oxidative and neuroprotective activities, have been suggested. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of ETAS on photoaging in the epidermal layer of the skin using cultured keratinocytes. Normal human epidermal keratinocytes were irradiated or left unirradiated with UV-B (10 mJ/cm2) and incubated with ETAS (0.5 or 2 mg/mL) or vehicle. After 3 or 13 h, molecular examinations were performed, and after 24 or 48 h, cell viabilities were determined by a CCK-8 assay. ETAS addition may induce keratinocyte migration and proliferation as well as apoptosis under molecular examination. These results suggest that ETAS might accelerate turnover of keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Koda
- Division of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Tokyo Healthcare University
| | - Ken Shirato
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine
| | | | - Hideki Imai
- Division of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Tokyo Healthcare University
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Yamaguchi A, Oh-ishi T, Arai T, Sakata H, Adachi N, Asanuma S, Oguma E, Kimoto H, Matsumoto J, Fujita H, Uesato T, Fujita J, Shirato K, Ohno H, Kizaki T. Screening for seemingly healthy newborns with congenital cytomegalovirus infection by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction using newborn urine: an observational study. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e013810. [PMID: 28110288 PMCID: PMC5253530 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Approximately 8-10% of newborns with asymptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection develop sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). However, the relationship between CMV load, SNHL and central nervous system (CNS) damage in cCMV infection remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the relationship between urinary CMV load, SNHL and CNS damage in newborns with cCMV infection. STUDY DESIGN The study included 23 368 newborns from two maternity hospitals in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. Urine screening for cCMV infection (quantitative real-time PCR) and newborn hearing screening (automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) testing) were conducted within 5 days of birth to examine the incidence of cCMV infection and SNHL, respectively. CNS damage was assessed by MRI of cCMV-infected newborns. RESULTS The incidence of cCMV infection was 60/23 368 (0.257%; 95% CI 0.192% to 0.322%). The geometric mean urinary CMV DNA copy number in newborns with cCMV was 1.79×106 copies/mL (95% CI 7.97×105 to 4.02×106). AABR testing revealed abnormalities in 171 of the 22 229 (0.769%) newborns whose parents approved hearing screening. Of these 171 newborns, 22 had SNHL (12.9%), and 5 of these 22 were infected with cCMV (22.7%). Newborns with both cCMV and SNHL had a higher urinary CMV DNA copy number than newborns with cCMV without SNHL (p=0.036). MRI revealed CNS damage, including white matter abnormalities, in 83.0% of newborns with cCMV. Moreover, newborns with CNS damage had a significantly greater urinary CMV load than newborns without CNS damage (p=0.013). CONCLUSIONS We determined the incidence of cCMV infection and urinary CMV DNA copy number in seemingly healthy newborns from two hospitals in Saitama Prefecture. SNHL and CNS damage were associated with urinary CMV DNA copy number. Quantification of urinary CMV load may effectively predict the incidence of late-onset SNHL and neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Clinical Research, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Radiological Technology, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Oh-ishi
- Division of Infectious Disease, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Arai
- Laboratory of Clinical Research, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Radiological Technology, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Sakata
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Kawagoe Otology Institute, Saitama, Japan
- Mejiro University Audiology Clinic, Saitama, Japan
| | - Nodoka Adachi
- Division of Otolaryngology, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Asanuma
- Division of Otolaryngology, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Eiji Oguma
- Division of Radiology, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Jiro Matsumoto
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sannoh Clinic, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Fujita
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aiwa Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tadashi Uesato
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aiwa Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Jutaro Fujita
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aiwa Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ken Shirato
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Ohno
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takako Kizaki
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan
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Shirato K, Takanari J, Sakurai T, Ogasawara J, Imaizumi K, Ohno H, Kizaki T. Enzyme-Treated Asparagus Extract Prevents Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Responses by Suppressing p65 Nuclear Translocation in Skin L929 Fibroblasts. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601101227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that enzyme-treated asparagus extract (ETAS) attenuates hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-stimulated matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in skin fibroblast L929 cells. To further elucidate the anti-aging effects of ETAS on skin, we examined whether ETAS has preventive effects on H2O2-induced pro-inflammatory responses of skin fibroblasts. H2O2 induced Ser536 phosphorylation and nuclear accumulation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65, and increased the mRNA levels of interleukin-12α (IL-12α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in L929 cells. Pretreatment of the cells with JSH-23, an inhibitor of NF-κB nuclear translocation, abolished the H2O2-induced expression of IL-12α and iNOS, indicating that the increased transcription is regulated by p65. The H2O2-stimulated nuclear accumulation of p65 and induction of IL-12α and iNOS mRNA were significantly attenuated after pretreatment with ETAS for 3 h, and these responses were completely abolished when the duration was extended to 24 h. However, ETAS did not affect the H2O2-stimulated degradation of IκBα and phosphorylation of p65. On the other hand, ETAS treatment for 24 h resulted in decreased protein levels of importin-α. These results suggest that ETAS prevents pro-inflammatory responses by suppressing the p65 nuclear translocation in skin fibroblasts induced by H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Shirato
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Jun Takanari
- Amino Up Chemical Co. Ltd., 363-32 Shin-ei, Kiyota, Sapporo 004-0839, Japan
| | - Takuya Sakurai
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Junetsu Ogasawara
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Imaizumi
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
| | - Hideki Ohno
- Social Medical Corporation, the Yamatokai Foundation, 1-13-12 Nangai, Higashiyamato, Tokyo 207-0014, Japan
| | - Takako Kizaki
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
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Shirato K, Takanari J, Sakurai T, Ogasawara J, Imaizumi K, Ohno H. Enzyme-Treated Asparagus Extract Prevents'Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Responses by Suppressing p65 Nuclear Translocation in Skin L929 Fibroblasts. Nat Prod Commun 2016; 11:1883-1888. [PMID: 30508357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that enzyme-treated asparagus extract (ETAS) attenuates hydrogen peroxide (H(2)0(2))-stimulated matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in skin fibroblast L929 cells. To further elucidate the anti-aging effects of ETAS on skin, we examined whether ETAS has preventive effects on H202-induced pro-inflammatory responses of skin fibroblasts. H(2)0(2) induced Ser536 phosphorylation and nuclear accumulation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65, and increased the mRNA levels .of interleukin-12α (IL-12α)-and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in L929 cells. Pretreatment of the cells with JSH-23, an inhibitor of NF-κB nuclear translocation, abolished the H(2)(0(2)-induced expression of IL-12α and iNOS, indicating that the increased transcription is regulated by p65. The H(2)0(2)-stimulated nuclear accumulation of p65 and-induction of IL12a and iNOS mRNA were significantly attenuated after pretreatment with ETAS for 3 h, and these responses were completely abolished when the duration was extended to 24 h. However, ETAS did not affect the H(2)0(2)-stimulated degradation of IκBα and phosphorylation of p65. On the other hand, ETAS treatment for 24 h resulted in decreased protein levels of importin-α. These results suggest that ETAS prevents pro-inflammatory responses by suppressing the p65 nuclear translocation in skin fibroblasts induced by H202.
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Shirato K, Takanari J, Ogasawara J, Sakurai T, Imaizumi K, Ohno H, Kizaki T. Enzyme-Treated Asparagus Extract Attenuates Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression in Murine Skin Fibroblast L929 Cells. Nat Prod Commun 2016; 11:677-680. [PMID: 27319149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzyme-treated asparagus extract (ETAS) exerts a wide variety of beneficial biological actions including facilitating anti-cortisol stress and neurological anti-aging responses. However, the anti-skin aging effects of ETAS remain to be elucidated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play pivotal roles in skin aging. Increased ROS levels in fibroblasts in response to ultraviolet irradiation activate c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and its downstream transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1), and the resultant gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) isoforms accelerates collagen breakdown in the dermis. Therefore, we explored whether ETAS has anti-skin aging effects by attenuating the oxidative stress responses in fibroblasts. Simultaneous treatment of murine skin L929 fibroblasts with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and either ETAS or dextrin showed that ETAS significantly suppressed H2O2-induced expression of MMP-9 mRNA as measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction. ETAS also clearly suppressed H2O2-stimulated phosphorylation of c-Jun (AP-1 subunit) and JNK as determined by Western blot. However, ETAS did not affect the increased amounts of carbonyl proteins in response to H2O2, also as determined by Western blotting. These results suggest that ETAS diminishes cellular responsiveness to ROS but does not scavenge ROS. Thus, ETAS has the potential to prevent skin aging through attenuating the oxidative stress responses in dermal fibroblasts.
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13
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Shirato K, Takanari J, Ogasawara J, Sakurai T, Imaizumi K, Ohno H, Kizaki T. Enzyme-Treated Asparagus Extract Attenuates Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression in Murine Skin Fibroblast L929 Cells. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzyme-treated asparagus extract (ETAS) exerts a wide variety of beneficial biological actions including facilitating anti-cortisol stress and neurological anti-aging responses. However, the anti-skin aging effects of ETAS remain to be elucidated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play pivotal roles in skin aging. Increased ROS levels in fibroblasts in response to ultraviolet irradiation activate c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and its downstream transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1), and the resultant gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) isoforms accelerates collagen breakdown in the dermis. Therefore, we explored whether ETAS has anti-skin aging effects by attenuating the oxidative stress responses in fibroblasts. Simultaneous treatment of murine skin L929 fibroblasts with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and either ETAS or dextrin showed that ETAS significantly suppressed H2O2-induced expression of MMP-9 mRNA as measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction. ETAS also clearly suppressed H2O2-stimulated phosphorylation of c-Jun (AP-1 subunit) and JNK as determined by Western blot. However, ETAS did not affect the increased amounts of carbonyl proteins in response to H2O2, also as determined by Western blotting. These results suggest that ETAS diminishes cellular responsiveness to ROS but does not scavenge ROS. Thus, ETAS has the potential to prevent skin aging through attenuating the oxidative stress responses in dermal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Shirato
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Jun Takanari
- Amino Up Chemical Company Limited, 363-32 Shin-ei, Kiyota, Sapporo 004-0839, Japan
| | - Junetsu Ogasawara
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Takuya Sakurai
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Imaizumi
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
| | - Hideki Ohno
- Social Medical Corporation, the Yamatokai Foundation, 1-13-12 Nangai, Higashiyamato, Tokyo 207-0014, Japan
| | - Takako Kizaki
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
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Ogasawara J, Izawa T, Sakurai T, Shirato K, Ishibashi Y, Ohira Y, Ishida H, Ohno H, Kizaki T. Habitual exercise training acts as a physiological stimulator for constant activation of lipolytic enzymes in rat primary white adipocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 464:348-53. [PMID: 26141235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that lipolysis in adipocytes are regulated through the enzymatic activation of both hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) via their phosphorylation events. Accumulated evidence shows that habitual exercise training (HE) enhances the lipolytic response in primary white adipocytes with changes in the subcellular localization of lipolytic molecules. However, no study has focused on the effect that HE exerts on the phosphorylation of both HSL and ATGL in primary white adipocytes. It has been shown that the translocation of HSL from the cytosol to lipid droplet surfaces requires its phosphorylation at Ser-563. In primary white adipocytes obtained from HE rats, the level of HSL and ATGL proteins was higher than that in primary white adipocytes obtained from sedentary control (SC) rats. In HE rats, the level of phosphorylated ATGL and HSL was also significantly elevated compared with that in SC rats. These differences were confirmed by Phos-tag SDS-PAGE, a technique used to measure the amount of total phosphorylated proteins. Our results suggest that HE can consistently increase the activity of both lipases, thereby enhancing the lipolysis in white fat cells. Thus, HE helps in the prevention and treatment of obesity-related diseases by enhancing the lipolytic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junetsu Ogasawara
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Izawa
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Takuya Sakurai
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Ken Shirato
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Yoshinaga Ishibashi
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Ohira
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ishida
- Department of Third Internal Medicine, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Hideki Ohno
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Takako Kizaki
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
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Kizaki T, Sato S, Shirato K, Sakurai T, Ogasawara J, Izawa T, Ohira Y, Suzuki K, Ohno H. Effect of Circadian Rhythm on Clinical and Pathophysiological Conditions and Inflammation. Crit Rev Immunol 2015; 35:261-75. [DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2015014925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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16
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Ogasawara J, Izawa T, Sakurai T, Sakurai T, Shirato K, Ishibashi Y, Ishida H, Ohno H, Kizaki T. The Molecular Mechanism Underlying Continuous Exercise Training-Induced Adaptive Changes of Lipolysis in White Adipose Cells. J Obes 2015; 2015:473430. [PMID: 26075089 PMCID: PMC4444571 DOI: 10.1155/2015/473430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise accelerates the mobilization of free fatty acids from white adipocytes to provide fuel for energy. This happens in several tissues and helps to regulate a whole-body state of metabolism. Under these conditions, the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol (TG) that is found in white adipocytes is known to be augmented via the activation of these lipolytic events, which is referred to as the "lipolytic cascade." Indeed, evidence has shown that the lipolytic responses in white adipocytes are upregulated by continuous exercise training (ET) through the adaptive changes in molecules that constitute the lipolytic cascade. During the past few decades, many lipolysis-related molecules have been identified. Of note, the discovery of a new lipase, known as adipose triglyceride lipase, has redefined the existing concepts of the hormone-sensitive lipase-dependent hydrolysis of TG in white adipocytes. This review outlines the alterations in the lipolytic molecules of white adipocytes that result from ET, which includes the molecular regulation of TG lipases through the lipolytic cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junetsu Ogasawara
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
- *Junetsu Ogasawara:
| | - Tetsuya Izawa
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Sakurai
- Faculty of Culture and Sport Policy, Toin University of Yokohama, Yokohama, Kanagawa 225-8503, Japan
| | - Takuya Sakurai
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Ken Shirato
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Yoshinaga Ishibashi
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ishida
- Department of Third Internal Medicine, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Hideki Ohno
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Takako Kizaki
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
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Nakajima K, Ito E, Ohtsubo K, Shirato K, Takamiya R, Kitazume S, Angata T, Taniguchi N. Mass isotopomer analysis of metabolically labeled nucleotide sugars and N- and O-glycans for tracing nucleotide sugar metabolisms. Mol Cell Proteomics 2013; 12:2468-80. [PMID: 23720760 PMCID: PMC3769324 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m112.027151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2012] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide sugars are the donor substrates of various glycosyltransferases, and an important building block in N- and O-glycan biosynthesis. Their intercellular concentrations are regulated by cellular metabolic states including diseases such as cancer and diabetes. To investigate the fate of UDP-GlcNAc, we developed a tracing method for UDP-GlcNAc synthesis and use, and GlcNAc utilization using (13)C6-glucose and (13)C2-glucosamine, respectively, followed by the analysis of mass isotopomers using LC-MS. Metabolic labeling of cultured cells with (13)C6-glucose and the analysis of isotopomers of UDP-HexNAc (UDP-GlcNAc plus UDP-GalNAc) and CMP-NeuAc revealed the relative contributions of metabolic pathways leading to UDP-GlcNAc synthesis and use. In pancreatic insulinoma cells, the labeling efficiency of a (13)C6-glucose motif in CMP-NeuAc was lower compared with that in hepatoma cells. Using (13)C2-glucosamine, the diversity of the labeling efficiency was observed in each sugar residue of N- and O-glycans on the basis of isotopomer analysis. In the insulinoma cells, the low labeling efficiencies were found for sialic acids as well as tri- and tetra-sialo N-glycans, whereas asialo N-glycans were found to be abundant. Essentially no significant difference in secreted hyaluronic acids was found among hepatoma and insulinoma cell lines. This indicates that metabolic flows are responsible for the low sialylation in the insulinoma cells. Our strategy should be useful for systematically tracing each stage of cellular GlcNAc metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Nakajima
- From the ‡Disease Glycomics Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN Max Plank Joint Research Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Emi Ito
- From the ‡Disease Glycomics Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN Max Plank Joint Research Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Ohtsubo
- From the ‡Disease Glycomics Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN Max Plank Joint Research Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Ken Shirato
- §Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
| | - Rina Takamiya
- From the ‡Disease Glycomics Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN Max Plank Joint Research Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shinobu Kitazume
- From the ‡Disease Glycomics Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN Max Plank Joint Research Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takashi Angata
- From the ‡Disease Glycomics Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN Max Plank Joint Research Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Taniguchi
- From the ‡Disease Glycomics Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN Max Plank Joint Research Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Shirato K, Gao C, Ota F, Angata T, Shogomori H, Ohtsubo K, Yoshida K, Lepenies B, Taniguchi N. Flagellin/Toll-like receptor 5 response was specifically attenuated by keratan sulfate disaccharide via decreased EGFR phosphorylation in normal human bronchial epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 435:460-5. [PMID: 23680662 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial or viral infection of the airway plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) which is expected to be the 3rd leading cause of death by 2020. The induction of inflammatory responses in immune cells as well as airway epithelial cells is observed in the disease process. There is thus a pressing need for the development of new therapeutics. Keratan sulfate (KS) is the major glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) of airway secretions, and is synthesized by epithelial cells on the airway surface. Here we report that a KS disaccharide, [SO3(-)-6]Galβ1-4[SO3(-)-6]GlcNAc, designated as L4, suppressed the production of Interleukin-8 (IL-8) stimulated by flagellin, a Toll-like receptor (TLR) 5 agonist, in normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells. Such suppressions were not observed by other L4 analogues, N-acetyllactosamine or chondroitin-6-sulfate disaccharide. Moreover, treatment of NHBE cells with L4 inhibited the flagellin-stimulated phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), the down stream signaling pathway of TLRs in NHBE cells. These results suggest that L4 specifically blocks the interaction of flagellin with TLR5 and subsequently suppresses IL-8 production in NHBE cells. Taken together, L4 represents a potential molecule for prevention and treatment of airway inflammatory responses to bacteria infections, which play a critical role in exacerbation of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Shirato
- Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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19
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Hashizume Y, Shirato K, Abe I, Kobayashi A, Mitsuhashi R, Shiono C, Sato S, Tachiyashiki K, Imaizumi K. Diallyl disulfide reduced dose-dependently the number of lymphocyte subsets and monocytes in rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2013; 58:292-6. [PMID: 23132314 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.58.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is a major sulfur compound of garlic, and exerts anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory, and enhancing sympathetic activity effects. However, it still remains unclear how DADS affects the distribution of white blood cell subsets, which is essential to execute effective immune responses and partially regulated by adrenal glucocorticoids. Therefore, we examined the dose-dependent effects of DADS administration on the circulating number of white blood cells (WBCs) and lymphocyte subsets, and plasma corticosterone concentration in rats. Male 10-wk-old Sprague Dawley rats were divided into the DADS-free and DADS-orally administered (dose=10, 20, and 40 mg/kg BW) groups. Blood samples were collected from the tail vein at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 h after the administration. DADS administration decreased dose- and time-dependently the circulating number of total WBCs, total lymphocytes, and monocytes. Within the lymphocyte subsets, the circulating number of T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes was significantly reduced 4 h after DADS administration in a dose-dependent manner, although that of natural killer (NK) cells was not affected. On the other hand, although DADS administration did not significantly change the circulating number of neutrophils, the circulating number of eosinophils and basophils showed a decreasing tendency after DADS administration. In contrast, plasma corticosterone concentration was increased 2 h after DADS administration in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that DADS administration reduces the circulating number of monocytes and lymphocytes, including especially acquired immune cells, via the action of corticosterone, and the effects are induced in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Hashizume
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
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Sato S, Shirato K, Mitsuhashi R, Inoue D, Kizaki T, Ohno H, Tachiyashiki K, Imaizumi K. Intracellular β2-adrenergic receptor signaling specificity in mouse skeletal muscle in response to single-dose β2-agonist clenbuterol treatment and acute exercise. J Physiol Sci 2013; 63:211-8. [PMID: 23508836 PMCID: PMC3633781 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-013-0253-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to clarify the intracellular β2-adrenergic receptor signaling specificity in mouse slow-twitch soleus and fast-twitch tibialis anterior (TA) muscles, resulting from single-dose β2-agonist clenbuterol treatment and acute exercise. At 1, 4, and 24 h after single-dose treatment with clenbuterol or after acute running exercise, the soleus and TA muscles were isolated and subjected to analysis. The phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) increased after single-dose clenbuterol treatment and acute exercise in the soleus muscle but not in the TA muscle. Although there was no change in the phosphorylation of Akt after acute exercise in either muscle, phosphorylation of Akt in the soleus muscle increased after single-dose clenbuterol treatment, whereas that in the TA muscle remained unchanged. These results suggest that p38 MAPK and Akt pathways play a functional role in the adaptation to clenbuterol treatment and exercise, particularly in slow-twitch muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Sato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192 Japan
| | - Ken Shirato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192 Japan
| | - Ryosuke Mitsuhashi
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192 Japan
| | - Daisuke Inoue
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192 Japan
| | - Takako Kizaki
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611 Japan
| | - Hideki Ohno
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611 Japan
| | - Kaoru Tachiyashiki
- Department of Natural and Living Sciences, Graduate School of Education, Joetsu University of Education, 1 Yamayashiki, Joetsu, Niigata 943-8512 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Imaizumi
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192 Japan
- Global COE Doctoral Program, Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192 Japan
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Hashizume Y, Shirato K, Sato S, Matsumoto A, Tachiyashiki K, Imaizumi K. Dose-dependent effects of diallyl disulfide on plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels in rats. J Toxicol Sci 2013; 38:879-84. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.38.879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Hashizume
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Ken Shirato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Shogo Sato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Akiko Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | | | - Kazuhiko Imaizumi
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
- Global COE Doctoral Program of Sport Sciences, Waseda University
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Shirato K, Sato S, Sato M, Hashizume Y, Tachiyashiki K, Imaizumi K. β 2-Agonist Clenbuterol Suppresses Bacterial Phagocytosis of Splenic Macrophages Expressing High Levels of Macrophage Receptor with Collagenous Structure. Biol Pharm Bull 2013; 36:475-80. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b12-00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Shirato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Shogo Sato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Madoka Sato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Yoko Hashizume
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Kaoru Tachiyashiki
- Department of Natural and Living Sciences, Graduate School of Education, Joetsu University of Education
| | - Kazuhiko Imaizumi
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
- Global COE Doctoral Program, Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University
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Takasaki A, Hanyu H, Iwamoto T, Shirato K, Izumi R, Toyota H, Mizuguchi J, Miyazawa K, Tomoda A. Mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis associated with sustained activation of c-jun-N-terminal kinasein the human multiple myeloma cell line U266 induced by 2-aminophenoxazine-3-one. Mol Med Rep 2012; 2:199-203. [PMID: 21475813 DOI: 10.3892/mmr_00000084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the involvement of c-jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) in mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis in a human multiple myeloma cell line, U266, treated with 2-aminophenoxazine (Phx-3). It was found that, with Phx-3 administration to U266 cells, JNK was phosphorylated 2 and 7.5-fold at 6 and 24 h, respectively, compared to the Phx-3-free control. This increasing activation of JNK in U266 cells with Phx-3 correlated with cellular disorders, such as mitochondrial depolarization and cellular apoptosis. When the JNK-specific inhibitor SP6000125 was administered to the U266 cells together with Phx-3, the number of cells exhibiting mitochondrial depolarization and cellular apoptosis was significantly reduced. These results suggest that JNK activation in human multiple myeloma U266 cells may be closely associated with mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Takasaki
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
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Gao C, Maeno T, Ota F, Ueno M, Korekane H, Takamatsu S, Shirato K, Matsumoto A, Kobayashi S, Yoshida K, Kitazume S, Ohtsubo K, Betsuyaku T, Taniguchi N. Sensitivity of heterozygous α1,6-fucosyltransferase knock-out mice to cigarette smoke-induced emphysema: implication of aberrant transforming growth factor-β signaling and matrix metalloproteinase gene expression. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:16699-708. [PMID: 22433854 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.315333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that a deficiency in core fucosylation caused by the genetic disruption of α1,6-fucosyltransferase (Fut8) leads to lethal abnormalities and the development of emphysematous lesions in the lung by attenuation of TGF-β1 receptor signaling. Herein, we investigated the physiological relevance of core fucosylation in the pathogenesis of emphysema using viable heterozygous knock-out mice (Fut8(+/-)) that were exposed to cigarette smoke (CS). The Fut8(+/-) mice exhibited a marked decrease in FUT8 activity, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 activities were elevated in the lung at an early stage of exposure. Emphysema developed after a 3-month CS exposure, accompanied by the recruitment of large numbers of macrophages to the lung. CS exposure substantially and persistently elevated the expression level of Smad7, resulting in a significant reduction of Smad2 phosphorylation (which controls MMP-9 expression) in Fut8(+/-) mice and Fut8-deficient embryonic fibroblast cells. These in vivo and in vitro studies show that impaired core fucosylation enhances the susceptibility to CS and constitutes at least part of the disease process of emphysema, in which TGF-β-Smad signaling is impaired and the MMP-mediated destruction of lung parenchyma is up-regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congxiao Gao
- RIKEN Alliance Laboratory, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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Sato S, Shirato K, Kizaki T, Ohno H, Tachiyashiki K, Imaizumi K. Effects of β2-agonists and exercise on β2-adrenergic receptor signaling in skeletal muscles. JPFSM 2012. [DOI: 10.7600/jpfsm.1.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Shirato K, Kizaki T, Ohno H, Imaizumi K. Effects of exercise on the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and glycosylation. JPFSM 2012. [DOI: 10.7600/jpfsm.1.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Ohno H, Shirato K, Sakurai T, Ogasawara J, Sumitani Y, Sato S, Imaizumi K, Ishida H, Kizaki T. Effect of exercise on HIF-1 and VEGF signaling. JPFSM 2012. [DOI: 10.7600/jpfsm.1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Sato S, Suzuki H, Tsujimoto H, Shirato K, Tachiyashiki K, Imaizumi K. Casted-immobilization downregulates glucocorticoid receptor expression in rat slow-twitch soleus muscle. Life Sci 2011; 89:962-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2011.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Revised: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Kawashima Y, Someya Y, Shirato K, Sato S, Ideno H, Kobayashi K, Tachiyashiki K, Imaizumi K. Single administration effects of ethanol on the distribution of white blood cells in rats. J Toxicol Sci 2011; 36:347-55. [PMID: 21628962 DOI: 10.2131/jts.36.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Acute single administration effects of ethanol on the distribution of total white blood cells (WBCs), neutrophil, basophil, eosinophil, monocyte and lymphocytes were studied in rats. Acute single administration effects of ethanol on the number of red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit were also examined. Male 8-week-old Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into the ethanol-administered (ETA) group and the control (CON) group. Two parts of an experiment, 1) 1st experiment : (ethanol dose : 1.0 g/kg body weight), and 2) 2nd experiment : (ethanol dose : 2.0 g/kg body weight) were carried out in rats. The rats were starved to 19:00, and deprived of diet for 12 hr and water for 1 hr before the single administration of ethanol. 1.0 or 2.0 g/kg body weight of ethanol (in 20% (w/w) ethanol) was orally administered to ETA group rats via a stainless stomach tube. In the CON group rats, 0.9% NaCl solution was orally given with the solution volume being equal, in the same manner. Single administration of 1.0 or 2.0 g/kg body weight of ethanol did not change the number of RBCs, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit. Single administration of 1.0 g/kg body weight of ethanol did not also change the number of WBCs. However, administration of 2.0 g/kg body weight of ethanol increased significantly the number of neutrophil, basophil, monocyte and total WBCs without changing the number of eosinophil and lymphocytes. These results suggest that single administration of 2.0 g/kg body weight of ethanol to rats increased markedly the number of the natural immunity cells without changing the number of acquired cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kawashima
- School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokatou, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
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Higashino-Matsui Y, Shirato K, Suzuki Y, Kawashima Y, Someya Y, Sato S, Shiraishi A, Jinde M, Matsumoto A, Ideno H, Tachiyashiki K, Imaizumi K. Age-related effects of fasting on ketone body production during lipolysis in rats. Environ Health Prev Med 2011; 17:157-63. [PMID: 21850422 DOI: 10.1007/s12199-011-0231-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The age-related effects of fasting on lipolysis, the production of ketone bodies, and plasma insulin levels were studied in male 3-, 8-, and 32-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. METHODS The rats were divided into fasting and control groups. The 3-, 8- and 32-week-old rats tolerated fasting for 2, 5, and 12 days, respectively. RESULTS Fasting markedly reduced the weights of perirenal and periepididymal white adipose tissues in rats in the three age groups. The mean rates of reduction in both these adipose tissue weights during fasting periods were higher in the order of 3 > 8 > 32-week-old rats. Fasting transiently increased plasma free fatty acid (FFA), total ketone body, β-hydroxybutyrate, and acetoacetate concentrations in the rats in the three age groups. However, plasma FFA, total ketone body, β-hydroxybutyrate, and acetoacetate concentrations in the 3-week-old rats reached maximal peak within 2 days after the onset of fasting, although these concentrations in the 8- and 32-week-old rats took more than 2 days to reach the maximal peak. By contrast, the augmentation of plasma FFA, total ketone body, β-hydroxybutyrate, and acetoacetate concentrations in the rats in the three age groups had declined at the end of each experimental period. Thus, the capacity for fat mobilization was associated with tolerance to fasting. Plasma insulin concentrations in the rats in the three age groups were dramatically reduced during fasting periods, although basal levels of insulin were higher in the order of 32 > 8 > 3 week-old rats. CONCLUSION These results suggest that differences in fat metabolism patterns among rats in the three age groups during prolonged fasting were partly reflected the metabolic turnover rates, plasma insulin levels, and amounts of fat storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko Higashino-Matsui
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, School of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
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Kawashima Y, Someya Y, Sato S, Shirato K, Jinde M, Ishida S, Akimoto S, Kobayashi K, Sakakibara Y, Suzuki Y, Tachiyashiki K, Imaizumi K. Dietary zinc-deficiency and its recovery responses in rat liver cytosolic alcohol dehydrogenase activities. J Toxicol Sci 2011; 36:101-8. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.36.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yui Someya
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Shogo Sato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
| | - Ken Shirato
- Department of Disease Glycomics, Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University
| | - Manabu Jinde
- School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Sanshi Ishida
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Shunta Akimoto
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Kyoko Kobayashi
- Department of Living and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Education, Joetsu University of Education
| | - Yuko Sakakibara
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Yuko Suzuki
- Department of Living and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Education, Joetsu University of Education
| | - Kaoru Tachiyashiki
- Department of Living and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Education, Joetsu University of Education
| | - Kazuhiko Imaizumi
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
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Sato S, Shirato K, Tachiyashiki K, Imaizumi K. Synthesized glucocorticoid, dexamethasone regulates the expressions of .BETA.2-adrenoceptor and glucocorticoid receptor mRNAs but not proteins in slow-twitch soleus muscle of rats. J Toxicol Sci 2011; 36:479-86. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.36.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Sato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
| | - Ken Shirato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Kaoru Tachiyashiki
- Department of Natural and Living Sciences, Graduate School of Education, Joetsu University of Education
| | - Kazuhiko Imaizumi
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
- Global COE Doctoral Program, Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University
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Sakakibara Y, Sato S, Shirato K, Arai N, Aritoshi S, Ogawa-Nakata N, Kawashima Y, Someya Y, Akimoto S, Jinde M, Shiraishi A, Ideno H, Tachiyashiki K, Imaizumi K. Dietary zinc-deficiency and its recovery responses in the thermogenesis of rats. J Toxicol Sci 2011; 36:681-5. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.36.681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Sakakibara
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Shogo Sato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
| | - Ken Shirato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Natsuko Arai
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Shoko Aritoshi
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Naho Ogawa-Nakata
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | | | - Yui Someya
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Shunta Akimoto
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Manabu Jinde
- School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | | | - Hisashi Ideno
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Kaoru Tachiyashiki
- Department of Natural and Living Sciences, Graduate School of Education, Joetsu University of Education
| | - Kazuhiko Imaizumi
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
- Global COE Doctoral Program, Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University
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Shirato K, Nakajima K, Korekane H, Takamatsu S, Gao C, Angata T, Ohtsubo K, Taniguchi N. Hypoxic regulation of glycosylation via the N-acetylglucosamine cycle. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2010; 48:20-5. [PMID: 21297907 PMCID: PMC3022058 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.11-015fr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose is an energy substrate, as well as the primary source of nucleotide sugars, which are utilized as donor substrates in protein glycosylation. Appropriate glycosylation is necessary to maintain the stability of protein, and is also important in the localization and trafficking of proteins. The dysregulation of glycosylation results in the development of a variety of disorders, such as cancer, diabetes mellitus and emphysema. Glycosylation is kinetically regulated by dynamically changing the portfolio of glycosyltransferases, nucleotide sugars, and nucleotide sugar transporters, which together form a part of what is currently referred to as the ”Glycan cycle”. An excess or a deficiency in the expression of glycosyltransferases has been shown to alter the glycosylation pattern, which subsequently leads to the onset, progression and exacerbation of a number of diseases. Furthermore, alterations in intracellular nucleotide sugar levels can also modulate glycosylation patterns. It is observed that pathological hypoxic microenvironments frequently occur in solid cancers and inflammatory foci. Hypoxic conditions dramatically change gene expression profiles, by activating hypoxia-inducible factor-1, which mediates adaptive cellular responses. Hypoxia-induced glycosyltransferases and nucleotide sugar transporters have been shown to modulate glycosylation patterns that are part of the mechanism associated with cancer metastasis. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 also induces the expression of glucose transporters and various types of glycolytic enzymes, leading to shifts in glucose metabolic patterns. This fact strongly suggests that hypoxic conditions are an important factor in modulating various nucleotide sugar biosynthetic pathways. This review discusses some of the current thinking of how hypoxia alters glucose metabolic fluxes that can modulate cellular glycosylation patterns and consequently modify cellular functions, particularly from the standpoint of the N-acetylglucosamine cycle, a part of the ”Glycan cycle”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Shirato
- Department of Disease Glycomics, Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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Akimoto S, Tanihata J, Kawano F, Sato S, Takei Y, Shirato K, Someya Y, Nomura S, Tachiyashiki K, Imaizumi K. Acute effects of dihydrocapsaicin and capsaicin on the distribution of white blood cells in rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2009; 55:282-7. [PMID: 19602838 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.55.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The acute effects of dihydrocapsaicin (DHC) and capsaicin (CAP) on the number of white blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and NK cells, and serum corticosterone levels were studied in rats. Male 7-wk-old SD rats were divided into DHC (3.0 mg/kg BW), CAP (3.0 mg/kg BW) and control (CON) groups. The number of total WBCs was 1.30-1.42 times significantly higher in the DHC group than in the CON group at 6-12 h. The number of neutrophils was 1.62 times significantly higher in the DHC group than in the CON group at 12 h. The number of total WBCs and neutrophils, however, showed no significant changes between the CAP and CON groups. The number of lymphocytes was 0.61 and 0.70 times significantly lower in the DHC and CAP groups than in the CON group at 3 h. The number of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes was 0.74 and 0.54 times lower in the DHC group than in the CON group, respectively. CAP, however, did not significantly change the number of T lymphocytes or B lymphocytes. No significant changes in the number of NK cells were observed among the three groups. CAP and DHC did not change the number of monocytes, eosinophils or basophils. No significant changes of the serum corticosterone levels were observed among the three groups. In conclusion, capsaicinoids decreased the number of acquired immunity cells, and increased the number of total WBCs and neutrophils without changing the number of monocytes, eosinophils or basophils. The magnitude of these effects was relatively higher in DHC than in CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunta Akimoto
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
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Kizaki T, Shirato K, Sakurai T, Ogasawara JE, Oh-ishi S, Matsuoka T, Izawa T, Imaizumi K, Haga S, Ohno H. Beta2-adrenergic receptor regulate Toll-like receptor 4-induced late-phase NF-kappaB activation. Mol Immunol 2009; 46:1195-203. [PMID: 19167076 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2008.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2008] [Revised: 10/15/2008] [Accepted: 11/16/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Stimulation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)-dependent early-phase NF-kappaB activation and Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFN-beta (TRIF)-dependent late-phase NF-kappaB activation. In a previous study, we have shown that beta(2)-adrenergic receptor (beta(2)AR) functions as a negative regulator of NF-kappaB activation through beta-arrestin 2 in the macrophage cell line RAW264 and that down-regulation of beta(2)AR expression in response to LPS is essential for NF-kappaB activation and expression of its target gene, inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS II). Here, we demonstrate that beta(2)AR plays an important role in TRIF-dependent late-phase NF-kappaB activation. LPS-stimulated down-regulation was induced in MyD88-knockdown cells, but not in TRIF-knockdown cells, suggesting that beta(2)AR expression was down-regulated by the TRIF-dependent pathway. On the other hand, depletion of beta(2)AR or beta-arrestin 2 expression by siRNA decreased cytoplasmic IkappaB alpha and abrogated late-phase IkappaB alpha degradation and NF-kappaB activation in response to LPS. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS II) expression was increased continuously during 24 h of LPS stimulation in control cells, but decreased in beta(2)AR or beta-arrestin 2-knockdown cells after 6 h of LPS stimulation. These findings suggest that beta(2)AR functions not only as a negative regulator of NF-kappaB activation, but also as a stabilizing factor of the NF-kappaB/IkappaB alpha complex through cytoplasmic beta-arrestin 2, and that TRIF-dependent down-regulation of beta(2)AR expression increases the level of cytoplasmic NF-kappaB/IkappaB alpha complex free from beta-arrestin 2, leading to continuous late-phase NF-kappaB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Kizaki
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Mitaka 181-8611, Japan.
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Shirato K, Imaizumi K, Miyazawa K, Takasaki A, Mizuguchi J, Che XF, Akiyama S, Tomoda A. Apoptosis induction preceded by mitochondrial depolarization in multiple myeloma cell line U266 by 2-aminophenoxazine-3-one. Biol Pharm Bull 2008; 31:62-7. [PMID: 18175943 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of apoptosis in human multiple myeloma cell line, U266, caused by 2-aminophenoxazine-3-one (Phx-3). Flow-cytometrical and morphological analyses showed that Phx-3 increased the population of annexin V-positive cells including early stage apoptotic cells and late stage apoptotic cells and induced DNA fragmentation or apoptotic body formation in U266 cells, indicating that Phx-3 induced the apoptosis of U266 cells. Activity of caspase-3 was extensively increased in U266 cells treated with Phx-3 time-dependently within 24 h, but this Phx-3-stimulated activity of the enzyme in the cells was completely cancelled by the addition of N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone (z-VAD-fmk), a pan-caspase inhibitor. The addition of z-VAD-fmk almost blocked the apoptotic effect of Phx-3 against U266 cells, indicating that Phx-3-induced apoptosis of U266 cells was dependent on a caspase signaling pathway. Moreover, the apoptosis of U266 cells occurred after the induction of cell cycle arrest of the cells in the S and G(2)/M phase, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and activation of caspase-3 reached maximum, which were caused by Phx-3 within 24 h. These results support the views that the apoptosis of U266 cells caused by Phx-3 may be preceded by the cell cycle arrest, depolarization of mitochondria and activation of caspase-3. These results support the view that Phx-3 may be utilized in future as chemotherapeutic agent against multiple myeloma which is extremely refractory to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Shirato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
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Kimura K, Usui Y, Hattori T, Yamakawa N, Goto H, Usui M, Okada S, Shirato K, Tomoda A. Phenoxazine derivative, 2-amino-4,4alpha-dihydro-4alpha,7-dimethyl-3H-phenoxazine-3-one suppresses growth of human retinoblastoma cell line Y79 in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Rep 2008; 19:3-10. [PMID: 18097569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of the 2-amino-4,4alpha-dihydro-4alpha,7-dimethyl-3H-phenoxazine-3-one (Phx-1) on the human retinoblastoma cell line Y79. The in vitro effects of Phx-1 on cell viability and apoptosis of the human retinoblastoma Y79 cells, were studied by using colorimetric and flow-cytometric methods. The in vivo antitumor effects of Phx-1 on the human retinoblastoma Y79 cells subcutaneously transplanted in BALB/c nude mice were studied, examining the tumor size, the adverse effects on the mice and the histopathological evaluations including hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical staining in the mass of tumors of human retinoblastoma Y79 cells isolated from the mice. Phx-1 suppressed the viability of Y79 cells dose- and time-dependently and induced apoptosis in Y79 cells in vitro. Phx-1 markedly reduced the growth of Y79 cells transplanted into the mice without causing bodyweight loss. Pathological findings of the tumor mass isolated from mice revealed that the tumor of Y79 cells treated with Phx-1 had a decreased mitotic index, decreased expression of Ki67 and p53, no alteration of bcl-2 level and increased caspase-3 activity compared with the the control. Present results suggested that Phx-1 demonstrated antitumor activity against the human retinoblastoma Y79 cells in vitro and in vivo, by inhibiting cell growth and inducing apoptosis. In addition, Phx-1 exerted few adverse side effects on the mice. Phx-1 may be a useful antitumor drug in the treatment of retinoblastoma, which is the most common and serious intraocular malignant tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Kimura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
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Kimura K, Usui Y, Hattori T, Yamakawa N, Goto H, Usui M, Okada S, Shirato K, Tomoda A. Phenoxazine derivative, 2-amino-4,4α-dihydro-4α,7-dimethyl-3H-phenoxazine-3-one suppresses growth of human retinoblastoma cell line Y79 in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Rep 2008. [DOI: 10.3892/or.19.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Shirato K, Tanihata J, Motohashi N, Tachiyashiki K, Tomoda A, Imaizumi K. Beta2-agonist clenbuterol induced changes in the distribution of white blood cells in rats. J Pharmacol Sci 2007; 104:146-52. [PMID: 17558185 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.fp0070267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Clenbuterol [CLE: 4-amino-alpha(t-butyl-amino)methyl-3,5-dichlorobenzyl alcohol] is well known as a potent beta2-adrenergic agonist and non-steroidal anabolic drug, and thus it is generally used for sports doping and asthma therapy. Although the functions of immune cells such as white blood cells (WBCs) have shown to be modulated through beta2-adrenoceptors, the effects of CLE on immune-responsive systems have not been elucidated systematically. Therefore, the effects of CLE on the number of WBCs were studied in rats. Male adult rats were divided into CLE-administered group and the control group to compare the number of total WBCs, neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and basophils. The administration (dose = 1.0 mg . kg(-1) body weight . day(-1), s.c.) of CLE was maintained for 30 days. CLE did not change the number of total WBCs during the experimental period. However, CLE increased significantly the number of neutrophils and monocytes, while CLE decreased drastically the number of lymphocytes and eosinophils. There was no significant change in the number of basophils between both groups. These results suggest that the administration of CLE induces drastic redistribution of WBCs in circulation without changing the number of total WBCs, and these responses of WBCs during the administration of CLE are sustained for at least 30 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Shirato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan
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Shirato K, Imaizumi K, Abe A, Tomoda A. Phenoxazine derivatives 2-amino-4,4alpha-dihydro-4alpha-phenoxazine-3-one and 2-aminophenoxazine-3-one-induced apoptosis through a caspase-independent mechanism in human neuroblastoma cell line NB-1 cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2007; 30:331-6. [PMID: 17268075 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.30.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine whether phenoxazines such as 2-amino-4,4-alpha-dihydro-4alpha-phenoxazine-3-one (Phx-1) and 2-aminophenoxazine-3-one (Phx-3) may suppress the proliferation of human neuroblastoma cell line, NB-1 that is refractory to chemotherapeutic agents, inducing apoptosis through the activation of caspase pathway or not. Phx-1 and Phx-3 suppressed the proliferation of NB-1 cells extensively dependent on dose and time. The IC50 of Phx-1 and Phx-3 was about 20 microM and 0.5 microM, respectively, when the cells were treated with Phx-1 or Phx-3 for 72 h. Phx-1 and Phx-3 caused the mixed types of cell death-apoptosis and necrosis-in NB-1 cells, which was detected by flow cytometry. The induction of apoptosis/necrosis caused by these phenoxazines seemed to be correlated dominantly with the caspase independent pathway, because the increased activity of effector caspase 3/7 in NB-1 cells caused by 50 microM Phx-1 or 20 microM Phx-3 was completely cancelled by the addition of z-VAD-fmk, a pan-caspase inhibitor, but such phenoxazines-suppressed viability of NB-1 cells was not recovered to normal levels by this inhibitor. The results of this study demonstrate that Phx-1 and Phx-3 have antitumor activity against the neuroblastoma cell line, NB-1, though the IC50 was extremely low for Phx-3, inducing the mixed types of cell death, apoptosis and necrosis, caspase-independently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Shirato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
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Minatoya Y, Ito K, Kagaya Y, Asaumi Y, Takeda M, Nakayama M, Takahashi J, Iguchi A, Shirato K, Shimokawa H. Depressed contractile reserve and impaired calcium handling of cardiac myocytes from chronically unloaded hearts are ameliorated with the administration of physiological treatment dose of T3 in rats. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2007; 189:221-31. [PMID: 17305702 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2006.01636.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Chronic cardiac unloading causes a time-dependent upregulation of phospholamban (PLB) and depression of myocyte contractility in normal rat hearts. As thyroid hormone is known to decrease PLB expression, we examined whether thyroid hormone restores the depressed contractile performance of myocytes from chronically unloaded hearts. METHODS Cardiac unloading was induced by heterotopic heart transplantation in isogenic rats for 5 weeks. Animals were treated with either vehicle or physiological treatment dose of 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) that does not cause hyperthyroidism for the last 3 weeks (n=20 each). RESULTS In vehicle-treated animals, myocyte relaxation and [Ca2+]i decay were slower in unloaded hearts than in recipient hearts. Myocyte shortening in response to high [Ca2+]o was also depressed with impaired augmentation of peak-systolic [Ca2+]i in unloaded hearts compared with recipient hearts. In vehicle-treated rats, protein levels of PLB were increased by 136% and the phosphorylation level of PLB at Ser16 were decreased by 32% in unloaded hearts compared with recipient hearts. By contrast, in the T3-treated animals, the slower relaxation, delayed [Ca2+]i decay, and depressed contractile reserve in myocytes from unloaded hearts were all returned to normal levels. Furthermore, in the T3-treated animals, there was no difference either in the PLB protein level or in its Ser16-phosphorylation level between unloaded and recipient hearts. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the treatment with physiological treatment dose of thyroid hormone rescues the impaired myocyte relaxation and depressed contractile reserve at least partially through the restoration of PLB protein levels and its phosphorylation state in chronically unloaded hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Minatoya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Miyano-Kurosaki N, Kurosaki K, Hayashi M, Takaku H, Hayafune M, Shirato K, Kasuga T, Endo T, Tomoda A. 2-aminophenoxazine-3-one suppresses the growth of mouse malignant melanoma B16 cells transplanted into C57BL/6Cr Slc mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2007; 29:2197-201. [PMID: 17077514 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.29.2197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Since phenoxazine is an essential structure of actinomycin D, which exerts a strong anticancer effect, we examined the anticancer effect of 2-aminophenoxazine-3-one (Phx-3) on mouse malignant melanoma B16 cells in vitro and in vivo. Phx-3 inhibited proliferation of the B16 cells in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. We furthermore studied the in vivo effects of Phx-3 on mouse malignant melanoma B16 cells transplanted in female C57BL/6Cr Slc mice. Treatment with Phx-3 (0.5 mg/kg) completely suppressed the growth of mouse malignant melanoma B16 cells transplanted in mice as compared with the control group. Phx-3 was found to exert few adverse effects, in terms of bodyweight loss, changes in serum levels of blood biochemical parameters such as aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine, dysfunction of the liver and the kidney examined by pathological methods, piloerection and wasting, when mice were treated with a dose of 0.5 mg/kg. These results suggest that Phx-3 may be used to treat patients affected by malignant melanoma in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Miyano-Kurosaki
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, Japan
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Kasuga T, Tabuchi T, Shirato K, Imaizumi K, Tomoda A. Caspase-independent cell death revealed in human gastric cancer cell lines, MKN45 and KATO III treated with phenoxazine derivatives. Oncol Rep 2007; 17:409-15. [PMID: 17203181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined whether phenoxazine derivatives such as 2-amino-4,4alpha-dihydro-4alpha,7-dimethyl-3H-phenoxazine-3-one (Phx-1) and 2-aminophenoxazine-3-one (Phx-3) may have anticancer effects on the human gastric cancer cell lines, MKN45, MKN74, MKN7 and KATO III in vitro. Phx-1 inhibited the growth of these cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The IC50 was approximately 65, 25, 100 and 70 microM for MKN45, MKN74, MKN7 and KATO III respectively, after 72 h. Phx-3 exerted stronger antiproliferative effects against these cancer cells (IC50: approximately 5, 1, 10 and 10 microM for MKN45, MKN74, MKN7 and KATO III, respectively, after 72 h) than Phx-1. Phx-1 and Phx-3 increased the population of TUNEL-positive cells in MKN45 and KATO III time-dependently from 24 to 72 h, suggesting that Phx-1 and Phx-3 have apoptotic activity against these gastric cancer cells. The activity of effector caspase-3 significantly increased in MKN45 treated with Phx-3 for 24 h, but did not altered in the cells treated with Phx-1 for 24 h. When z-VAD-fmk, a pan-caspase inhibitor, was co-treated for 24 h, Phx-3-stimulated caspase-3 activity in MKN45 was reversed to the levels of normal activity, while the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of Phx-3 against the cells were maintained. The activity of caspase-3 was not activated in KATO III by 24 h exposure for Phx-1 or Phx-3. In conclusion, both phenoxazines prevent the growth of the human gastric cancer cell lines, MKN45 and KATO III in vitro, and cause the apoptosis of these cell lines via a caspase-independent pathway. Although the intracellular action mechanisms of Phx-1 and Phx-3 are still unclear, these phenoxazines may be useful for the treatment of gastric cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruhiko Kasuga
- Fourth Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Kasumigaura Hospital, Ibaraki 300-0395, Japan
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Kasuga T, Tabuchi T, Shirato K, Imaizumi K, Tomoda A. Caspase-independent cell death revealed in human gastric cancer cell lines, MKN45 and KATO III treated with phenoxazine derivatives. Oncol Rep 2007. [DOI: 10.3892/or.17.2.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Shirato K, Imaizumi K, Abe A, Tomoda A. Phenoxazine derivatives induce caspase-independent cell death in human glioblastoma cell lines, A-172 and U-251 MG. Oncol Rep 2007. [DOI: 10.3892/or.17.1.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Shirato K, Imaizumi K, Abe A, Tomoda A. Phenoxazine derivatives induce caspase-independent cell death in human glioblastoma cell lines, A-172 and U-251 MG. Oncol Rep 2007; 17:201-8. [PMID: 17143499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The apoptotic effects of 2-amino-4,4alpha-dihydro-4alpha, 7-dimethyl-3H-phenoxazine-3-one (Phx-1) and 2-aminophenoxazine-3-one (Phx-3) on human glioblastoma cell lines, A-172 and U-251 MG were studied. These phenoxazines extensively decreased the viability of A-172 and U-251 MG cells (IC50 of Phx-1: 60 microM, in both lines; IC50 of Phx-3: 10 and 3 microM, for A-172 and U-251 cells, respectively). Phx-1 and Phx-3 increased the population of annexin V and PI double-positive cells in A-172 and U-251 MG cells, resulting in cell death at late stage apoptosis/necrosis. The activities of caspase-3/7 were greatly increased in A-172 and U-251 MG cells treated with Phx-1 or Phx-3. However, a pan-caspase inhibitor, z-VAD-fmk, failed to reverse the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of Phx-1 and Phx-3 in both cell lines. In conclusion, Phx-1 and Phx-3 exert significant anti-cancer effects against human glioblastoma cell lines, A-172 and U-251 MG, mediated by the caspase-independent apoptotic cell death pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Shirato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
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Shirato K, Motohashi N, Tanihata J, Tachiyashiki K, Tomoda A, Imaizumi K. Two types of inactivity‐induced changes of the number of white blood cells in rats. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a936-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Shirato
- Laboratory of Physiological SciencesFaculty of Human SciencesWaseda University2‐579‐15 MikajimaTokorozawa359‐1192Japan
| | - Norio Motohashi
- Laboratory of Physiological SciencesFaculty of Human SciencesWaseda University2‐579‐15 MikajimaTokorozawa359‐1192Japan
| | - Jun Tanihata
- Laboratory of Physiological SciencesFaculty of Human SciencesWaseda University2‐579‐15 MikajimaTokorozawa359‐1192Japan
| | - Kaoru Tachiyashiki
- Department of Living and Health SciencesJoetsu University of Education1 YamayashikiJoetsuJapan
| | - Akio Tomoda
- Department of BiochemistryTokyo Medical University6‐1‐1 ShinjukuTokyoJapan
| | - Kazuhiko Imaizumi
- Laboratory of Physiological SciencesFaculty of Human SciencesWaseda University2‐579‐15 MikajimaTokorozawa359‐1192Japan
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Shirato K, Motohashi N, Tanihata J, Tachiyashiki K, Tomoda A, Imaizumi K. Effects of two types of inactivity on the number of white blood cells in rats. Eur J Appl Physiol 2006; 98:590-600. [PMID: 17033793 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-006-0306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged inactivity is known to induce changes in responses of many physiological defense systems such as the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenocortical axis, the sympathetic nervous system, and immuno-responsive systems. However, effects of various types of inactivity on immuno-responsive systems are still unknown. Therefore, the effects of two types of inactivity (immobilization: IMM and whole body suspension: WBS) on the number of white blood cells were studied in rats. Rats were divided into the control group and each inactivity group to compare the number of total white blood cells, lymphocytes, monocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil, and basophil during the experimental periods. Both IMM and WBS were maintained for 11 days. IMM markedly increased the number of total white blood cells, monocyte, neutrophil, and eosinophil in the 1st to 10th day. However, the number of total white blood cells, monocyte, neutrophil, and eosinophil during the experiment of WBS were characterized by the presence of a lag phase followed by the significant increased actions. IMM did not change the number of basophil during the experimental period. However, WBS increased the number of basophil in the 1st to 8th day to 2.8-4.8 times, compared with the values of the control. Both IMM and WBS did not change the number of lymphocytes. From these results, WBS increases the number of natural immunity cells without changing acquired immunity cells, and there are different responses in the number of total white blood cells, monocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil, and basophil between IMM and WBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Shirato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Japan
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Kato S, Shirato K, Imaizumi K, Toyota H, Mizuguchi J, Odawara M, Che XF, Akiyama S, Abe A, Tomoda A. Anticancer effects of phenoxazine derivatives combined with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand on pancreatic cancer cell lines, KLM-1 and MIA-PaCa-2. Oncol Rep 2006; 15:843-8. [PMID: 16525669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer effects of the phenoxazine derivatives, 2-amino-4,4alpha-dihydro-4alpha,7-dimethyl-3H-phenoxazine-3-one (Phx-1), 3-amino-1,4alpha-dihydro-4alpha,8-dimethyl-2H-phenoxazine-2-one (Phx-2), and 2-aminophenoxazine-3-one (Phx-3) on human pancreatic cancer cell lines, KLM-1 and MIA-PaCa-2, in combination with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily of cytokines. Of these three phenoxazines, Phx-1 and Phx-3 inhibited proliferation of KLM-1 dose-dependently, but Phx-2 did not. Phx-3 caused both apoptosis and necrosis in KLM-1 cells, as evidenced by the phosphatidylserine externalization and propidium iodide permeable cells detected by a flow cytometric method using annexin-V and propidium iodide. Down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression appeared to be involved in the Phx-3-induced cell death. TRAIL did not affect proliferation of KLM-1, and the inhibitory effects of Phx-1 and Phx-3 on the KLM-1 cell line were not augmented by the combination with TRAIL. On the other hand, proliferation of the MIA-PaCa-2 cell line was not affected by Phx-1, Phx-2 and Phx-3, although it was significantly inhibited by TRAIL in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibitory effects of TRAIL on MIA-PaCa-2 were synergistically augmented by the addition of Phx-1 and Phx-3, but not by Phx-2. These results suggest that both Phx-1 and Phx-3 exert anticancer effects against human pancreatic cancer cells, KLM-1 and MIA-PaCa-2, through distinct action modes. Phx-1 and Phx-3 may be effective for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiko Kato
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
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