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Truong KK, De Jardin R, Massoudi N, Hashemzadeh M, Jafari B. Nonadherence to CPAP Associated With Increased 30-Day Hospital Readmissions. J Clin Sleep Med 2018; 14:183-189. [PMID: 29351826 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.6928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this study was to determine if nonadherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is associated with increased 30-day all-cause, cardiovascular-cause, and pulmonary-cause hospital readmissions. METHODS Retrospective cohort study at a Veterans Affairs hospital of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) who were hospitalized from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2015. Odds ratio of 30-day readmission was calculated for all-cause, cardiovascular-cause, and pulmonary-cause readmissions. Logistic regression model was used to evaluate odds of nonadherent versus adherent group while adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, living situation, race, comorbidities, and medication adherence. RESULTS Out of 2,077 records reviewed, 345 patients (183 adherent and 162 nonadherent) met our inclusion criteria. The adherent group had a total of 215 initial admissions, and the nonadherent group had a total of 268 index admissions. Thirty-day all-cause readmission rate was significantly higher in the nonadherent group, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 3.52 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.04-6.08, P < .001). Thirty-day cardiovascular-cause readmission rate was significantly higher in the nonadherent group, with an adjusted OR of 2.31 (95% CI, 1.11-4.78, P = .024). Difference in 30-day pulmonary-cause readmissions was not statistically significant, with an adjusted OR of 3.66 (95% CI, 0.41-32.76, P = .25). CONCLUSIONS Nonadherence to CPAP is associated with increased 30-day all-cause and cardiovascular-cause readmission in patients with OSA. Ensuring CPAP adherence is crucial in addressing general and cardiovascular-related healthcare utilization and morbidity in patients with OSA. COMMENTARY A commentary on this article appears in this issue on page 161.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly K Truong
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California
| | - Rossi De Jardin
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, California
| | - Nahal Massoudi
- Epidemiology and Infection Prevention, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mehrtash Hashemzadeh
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, California
| | - Behrouz Jafari
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California.,Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, California
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Heidari AE, Moghaddam S, Truong KK, Chou L, Genberg C, Brenner M, Chena Z. Errata: Visualizing biofilm formation in endotracheal tubes using endoscopic three-dimensional optical coherence tomography. J Biomed Opt 2016; 21:29802. [PMID: 26903148 PMCID: PMC5997000 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.2.029802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Heidari
- University of California Irvine, Samueli School of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5200 Engineering Hall, Irvine, California 92697-2700, United StatesbBeckman Laser Institute, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92617, United
| | - Samer Moghaddam
- University of California Irvine, UC Irvine Health, Pulmonology, 101, The City Drive South, Orange, California 92868, United States
| | - Kimberly K Truong
- University of California Irvine, UC Irvine Health, Pulmonology, 101, The City Drive South, Orange, California 92868, United States
| | - Lidek Chou
- Beckman Laser Institute, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92617, United States
| | - Carl Genberg
- N8 Medical, 7165 Mira Monte Circle, Las Vegas, Nevada 89120, United States
| | - Matthew Brenner
- Beckman Laser Institute, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92617, United StatescUniversity of California Irvine, UC Irvine Health, Pulmonology, 101, The City Drive South, Orange, California 92868, United States
| | - Zhongping Chena
- Beckman Laser Institute, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92617, United States
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Truong KK, Huang SS, Dickey L, Cao C, Perret D, Swaroop B, Dolich M, Gohil SK. Do No Harm: Attitudes Among Physicians and Trainees About Working While Ill. Open Forum Infect Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofv133.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Melioidosis, an infection caused by the gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, is an important cause of pneumonia, skin infection, sepsis, and death in Southeast Asia and Australia, but is exceedingly rare in North America. Pulmonary melioidosis typically presents as acute bacterial pneumonia or cavitary lung lesions resembling tuberculosis. CASE REPORT We report melioidosis in a 70-year-old active smoker from Mexico with no history of travel to disease-endemic areas. The patient presented with a left supraclavicular abscess and a non-cavitary, left lung mass encasing a pulmonary vein. Incision and drainage of the patient's subcutaneous abscess isolated B. pseudomallei, and fine-needle aspiration of enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes revealed the presence of intracellular gram-negative bacilli with no evidence of malignancy. Biochemical tests determined that the strain the patient acquired from Mexico is identical to only 1 other isolate from Thailand. CONCLUSIONS This report highlights the blurring epidemiological borders of this organism, its rare presentation mimicking lung malignancy, and an aggressive antimicrobial treatment that resulted in resolution of the patient's symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly K. Truong
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, UC Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, U.S.A
| | - Samer Moghaddam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of California Irvine, UC Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, U.S.A
| | - Samer Al Saghbini
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of California Irvine, UC Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, U.S.A
| | - Bahman Saatian
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of California Irvine, UC Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, U.S.A
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Heidari AE, Moghaddam S, Truong KK, Chou L, Genberg C, Brenner M, Chen Z. Visualizing biofilm formation in endotracheal tubes using endoscopic three-dimensional optical coherence tomography. J Biomed Opt 2015; 20:126010. [PMID: 26720877 PMCID: PMC4686586 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.12.126010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm formation has been linked to ventilator-associated pneumonia, which is a prevalent infection in hospital intensive care units. Currently, there is no rapid diagnostic tool to assess the degree of biofilm formation or cellular biofilm composition. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a minimally invasive, nonionizing imaging modality that can be used to provide high-resolution cross-sectional images. Biofilm deposited in critical care patients’ endotracheal tubes was analyzed in vitro. This study demonstrates that OCT could potentially be used as a diagnostic tool to analyze and assess the degree of biofilm formation and extent of airway obstruction caused by biofilm in endotracheal tubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E. Heidari
- University of California Irvine, Samueli School of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5200 Engineering Hall, Irvine, California 92697-2700, United States
- Beckman Laser Institute, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92617, United States
| | - Samer Moghaddam
- University of California Irvine, UC Irvine Health, Pulmonology, 101, The City Drive South, Orange, California 92868, United States
| | - Kimberly K. Truong
- University of California Irvine, UC Irvine Health, Pulmonology, 101, The City Drive South, Orange, California 92868, United States
| | - Lidek Chou
- Beckman Laser Institute, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92617, United States
| | - Carl Genberg
- N8 Medical, 7165 Mira Monte Circle, Las Vegas, Nevada 89120, United States
| | - Matthew Brenner
- Beckman Laser Institute, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92617, United States
- University of California Irvine, UC Irvine Health, Pulmonology, 101, The City Drive South, Orange, California 92868, United States
| | - Zhongping Chen
- University of California Irvine, Samueli School of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5200 Engineering Hall, Irvine, California 92697-2700, United States
- Beckman Laser Institute, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92617, United States
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Abstract
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the hypothalamus is the predominant circadian clock in mammals. To function as a pacemaker, the intrinsic timing signal from the SCN must be transmitted to different brain regions. Prokineticin 2 (PK2) is one of the candidate output molecules from the SCN. In this study, we investigated the efferent projections of PK2-expressing neurons in the SCN through a transgenic reporter approach. Using a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) transgenic mouse line, in which the enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) reporter gene expression was driven by the PK2 promoter, we were able to obtain an efferent projections map from the EGFP-expressing neurons in the SCN. Our data revealed that EGFP-expressing neurons in the SCN, hence representing some of the PK2-expressing neurons, projected to many known SCN target areas, including the ventral lateral septum, medial preoptic area, subparaventricular zone, paraventricular nucleus, dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus, lateral hypothalamic area and paraventricular thalamic nucleus. The efferent projections of PK2-expressing neurons supported the role of PK2 as an output molecule of the SCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengkang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Kimberly K. Truong
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Qun-Yong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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