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Rees J, Martins de Almeida R, Ali M, Covernton PJO, Stoelzel M, Leyland KM, Irwin L, Scrine L, Hansen MK, Chapple C. A Retrospective Database Analysis to Investigate Treatment Patterns and Health Care Resource Utilisation in Patients who CYCLe AntiMuscarinics in ENgland (CYCLAMEN). Eur Urol Focus 2023:S2405-4569(23)00217-1. [PMID: 37863737 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2023.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with overactive bladder may cycle through different antimuscarinic medications even though there is limited evidence to support this approach. OBJECTIVE To describe treatment patterns and the associated health care resource utilisation (HCRU) according to antimuscarinic cycling groups. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The CYCLe AntiMuscarinics in ENgland (CYCLAMEN) study was a retrospective observational investigation that used primary care records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD database linked to Hospital Episode Statistics secondary care data. Eligible patients (≥18 yr) were prescribed their first antimuscarinic between January 2014 and December 2017. Patients were categorised into groups prescribed one, two, or three or more (groups 1-3) consecutive unique antimuscarinics over 18 mo. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The HCRU rate and costs were calculated for the period of continuous antimuscarinic therapy (first antimuscarinic treatment episode) and the 18-mo follow-up period. Treatment sequence patterns were displayed using sunburst plots and Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess time on treatment. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Overall, 35 369 patients were included, of whom 31 760 (89.8%) received one antimuscarinic (group 1), 3182 (9.0%) received two (group 2), and 427 (1.2%) received three or more (group 3). The most common initial antimuscarinics were solifenacin (13 628 patients, 42.9%) in group 1, and oxybutynin in group 2 (1267 patients, 39.8%) and group 3 (200 patients, 46.8%). The median duration of the first antimuscarinic treatment episode was 57 d and <20% of patients were receiving any antimuscarinic after 18 mo. The number of primary care visits and mean costs increased across groups. The reasons for cycling could not be identified in this study. CONCLUSIONS Approximately 10% of patients underwent sequential cycling with two or more antimuscarinics. Furthermore, as the majority discontinued treatment within 18 mo, there is a need to improve the management of these patients in the clinical care setting. PATIENT SUMMARY We investigated treatment patterns and health care use for patients with overactive bladder who were prescribed at least one antimuscarinic drug (AMD), which are drugs that reduce some of the impulses passing from the bladder to the brain. Around 10% of patients accessing primary health care in England received more than one sequential AMD. Most patients discontinued treatment, which may indicate inadequate management of their condition. Prescription of a higher number of AMDs was associated with higher health care costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Rees
- Brockway Medical Centre, Tyntesfield Medical Group, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Mahmood Ali
- Astellas Pharma Europe Ltd., Addlestone, UK.
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Leyland KM, Gates LS, Sanchez-Santos MT, Nevitt MC, Felson D, Jones G, Jordan JM, Judge A, Prieto-Alhambra D, Yoshimura N, Newton JL, Callahan LF, Cooper C, Batt ME, Lin J, Liu Q, Cleveland RJ, Collins GS, Arden NK. Knee osteoarthritis and time-to all-cause mortality in six community-based cohorts: an international meta-analysis of individual participant-level data. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:529-545. [PMID: 33590469 PMCID: PMC7943431 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01762-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease, with increasing global burden of disability and healthcare utilisation. Recent meta-analyses have shown a range of effects of OA on mortality, reflecting different OA definitions and study methods. We seek to overcome limitations introduced when using aggregate results by gathering individual participant-level data (IPD) from international observational studies and standardising methods to determine the association of knee OA with mortality in the general population. METHODS Seven community-based cohorts were identified containing knee OA-related pain, radiographs, and time-to-mortality, six of which were available for analysis. A two-stage IPD meta-analysis framework was applied: (1) Cox proportional hazard models assessed time-to-mortality of participants with radiographic OA (ROA), OA-related pain (POA), and a combination of pain and ROA (PROA) against pain and ROA-free participants; (2) hazard ratios (HR) were then pooled using the Hartung-Knapp modification for random-effects meta-analysis. FINDINGS 10,723 participants in six cohorts from four countries were included in the analyses. Multivariable models (adjusting for age, sex, race, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes) showed a pooled HR, compared to pain and ROA-free participants, of 1.03 (0.83, 1.28) for ROA, 1.35 (1.12, 1.63) for POA, and 1.37 (1.22, 1.54) for PROA. DISCUSSION Participants with POA or PROA had a 35-37% increased association with reduced time-to-mortality, independent of confounders. ROA showed no association with mortality, suggesting that OA-related knee pain may be driving the association with time-to-mortality. FUNDING Versus Arthritis Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis and Osteoarthritis Research Society International.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten M Leyland
- MRC Integrated Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lucy S Gates
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Maria T Sanchez-Santos
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael C Nevitt
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David Felson
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Joanne M Jordan
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Andrew Judge
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Dani Prieto-Alhambra
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Noriko Yoshimura
- Department of Preventive Medicine for Locomotive Organ Disorders, 22nd Century Medical and Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Julia L Newton
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Leigh F Callahan
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Mark E Batt
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jianhao Lin
- Peking University People's Hospital, Arthritis Clinic and Research Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Arthritis Clinic and Research Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Rebecca J Cleveland
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gary S Collins
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nigel K Arden
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK.
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Jones ME, Davies MAM, Shah K, Kemp S, Peirce N, Leyland KM, Stokes KA, Judge AD, Newton JL, Furniss D, Arden NK. The prevalence of hand and wrist osteoarthritis in elite former cricket and rugby union players. J Sci Med Sport 2019; 22:871-875. [PMID: 30940442 PMCID: PMC6593259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hand and wrist osteoarthritis in former elite cricket and rugby union players, by sport and playing position, and to define the prevalence of severe hand injury, and its association with hand osteoarthritis. Design Cross-sectional. Methods Data from cross-sectional studies of former elite male cricket and rugby players were used to determine the prevalence of hand pain, physician-diagnosed osteoarthritis, and previous severe injury. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the association of previous injury with pain and osteoarthritis. Results Data from 200 cricketers and 229 rugby players were available. Complete case analysis resulted in 127 cricketers and 140 rugby players. Hand pain was more prevalent amongst cricketers (19.7%) than rugby players (10.0%). The prevalence did not differ between cricket and rugby players for hand osteoarthritis (2.4% and 3.6%), wrist osteoarthritis (1.6% and 2.1%), or previous severe hand injury (36.2% and 31.4%). No significant association between previous hand injury and pain or osteoarthritis was identified in either sport. Conclusions Former elite cricketers reported more hand pain than rugby players. No significant association was found between self-reported severe injury and hand osteoarthritis in either cohort, potentially indicating that risk factors aside from injury may be more prominent in the development of hand osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Jones
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, UK; Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, UK.
| | - Madeleine A M Davies
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, UK; Department of Health, University of Bath, UK
| | - Karishma Shah
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, UK
| | | | - Nick Peirce
- England and Wales Cricket Board, National Cricket Performance Centre, UK
| | - Kirsten M Leyland
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, UK; Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, UK
| | - Keith A Stokes
- Rugby Football Union, UK; Department of Health, University of Bath, UK
| | - Andrew D Judge
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, UK; Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, UK
| | - Julia L Newton
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, UK
| | - Dominic Furniss
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, UK
| | - Nigel K Arden
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, UK
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Jones ME, Davies MAM, Leyland KM, Delmestri A, Porter A, Ratcliffe J, Peirce N, Newton JL, Arden NK. Osteoarthritis and other long-term health conditions in former elite cricketers. J Sci Med Sport 2017; 21:558-563. [PMID: 29089246 PMCID: PMC5964309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to describe the prevalence and risk of chronic conditions in former elite cricketers compared to a normal population, and describe wellbeing in former elite cricketers. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Former elite cricketers, recruited from the Professional Cricketers' Association, completed a self-report cross-sectional questionnaire. The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) served as the normal population. The prevalence of self-reported, GP-diagnosed conditions (heart problems, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, asthma, dementia, osteoarthritis (OA), total hip replacement (THR), total knee replacement (TKR), anxiety, depression) were reported for both population samples. Standardised morbidity ratios (SMRs) compared chronic conditions in sex-, age- and BMI-matched former cricketers (n=113) and normal population (n=4496). RESULTS Heart problems were reported by 13.3% of former cricketers, significantly lower than the normal population, SMR 0.55 (0.33-0.91). Former cricketers reported 31.9% hypertension, 1.8% stroke, 6.2% diabetes, 15.0% asthma, and no dementia, none significantly different to the normal population. OA, THR, and TKR were reported by 51.3%, 14.7% and 10.7% of former cricketers, respectively, significantly higher than the normal population, SMRs 3.64 (2.81-4.71), 3.99 (2.21-7.20) and 3.84 (1.92-7.68). Anxiety and depression were reported by 12.4% and 8.8% of former cricketers, respectively, SMRs 3.95 (2.34-6.67) and 2.22 (1.20-4.14). 97% of former cricketers reflected they would undertake their cricket career again, 98% agreed that cricket enriched their lives. CONCLUSIONS Heart problems were significantly lower, while OA, THR, TKR, anxiety, and depression were significantly higher in the former cricketers compared to the normal population (ELSA). Most former cricketers reflected positively on their career.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Jones
- University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, UK; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, UK.
| | - Madeleine A M Davies
- University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, UK; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, UK
| | - Kirsten M Leyland
- University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, UK; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, UK
| | - Antonella Delmestri
- University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, UK; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, UK
| | - Angus Porter
- Professional Cricketers' Association, The Laker Stand, Kia Oval, UK
| | - Jason Ratcliffe
- Professional Cricketers' Association, The Laker Stand, Kia Oval, UK
| | - Nick Peirce
- England and Wales Cricket Board, National Cricket Performance Centre, UK
| | - Julia L Newton
- University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, UK; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, UK
| | - Nigel K Arden
- University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, UK; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, UK
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Sanchez-Santos MT, Davey T, Leyland KM, Allsopp AJ, Lanham-New SA, Judge A, Arden NK, Fallowfield JL. Development of a Prediction Model for Stress Fracture During an Intensive Physical Training Program: The Royal Marines Commandos. Orthop J Sports Med 2017; 5:2325967117716381. [PMID: 28804727 PMCID: PMC5533266 DOI: 10.1177/2325967117716381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress fractures (SFs) are one of the more severe overuse injuries in military training, and therefore, knowledge of potential risk factors is needed to assist in developing mitigating strategies. PURPOSE To develop a prediction model for risk of SF in Royal Marines (RM) recruits during an arduous military training program. STUDY DESIGN Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS RM recruits (N = 1082; age range, 16-33 years) who enrolled between September 2009 and July 2010 were prospectively followed through the 32-week RM training program. SF diagnosis was confirmed from a positive radiograph or magnetic resonance imaging scan. Potential risk factors assessed at week 1 included recruit characteristics, anthropometric assessment, dietary supplement use, lifestyle habits, fitness assessment, blood samples, 25(OH)D, bone strength as measured by heel broadband ultrasound attention, history of physical activity, and previous and current food intake. A logistic least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression with 10-fold cross-validation was used to select potential predictors among 47 candidate variables. Model performance was assessed using measures of discrimination (c-index) and calibration. Bootstrapping was used for internal validation of the developed model and to quantify optimism. RESULTS A total of 86 (8%) volunteer recruits presented at least 1 SF during training. Twelve variables were identified as the most important risk factors of SF. Variables strongly associated with SF were age, body weight, pretraining weightbearing exercise, pretraining cycling, and childhood intake of milk and milk products. The c-index for the prediction model, which represents the model performance in future volunteers, was 0.73 (optimism-corrected c-index, 0.68). Although 25(OH)D and VO2max had only a borderline statistically significant association with SF, the inclusion of these factors improved the performance of the model. CONCLUSION These findings will assist in identifying recruits at greater risk of SF during training and will support interventions to mitigate this injury risk. However, external validation of the model is still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria T Sanchez-Santos
- NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Botnar Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford, UK.,Arthritis Research UK Sports, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Centre, University of Oxford, Botnar Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford, UK
| | - Trish Davey
- Environmental Medicine and Sciences Division, Institute of Naval Medicine, Hampshire, UK
| | - Kirsten M Leyland
- NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Botnar Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford, UK.,Arthritis Research UK Sports, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Centre, University of Oxford, Botnar Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford, UK
| | - Adrian J Allsopp
- Environmental Medicine and Sciences Division, Institute of Naval Medicine, Hampshire, UK
| | - Susan A Lanham-New
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - Andrew Judge
- NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Botnar Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford, UK.,MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Nigel K Arden
- NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Botnar Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford, UK.,Arthritis Research UK Sports, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Centre, University of Oxford, Botnar Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford, UK.,MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Joanne L Fallowfield
- Environmental Medicine and Sciences Division, Institute of Naval Medicine, Hampshire, UK
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Reyes C, Leyland KM, Peat G, Cooper C, Arden NK, Prieto-Alhambra D. Association Between Overweight and Obesity and Risk of Clinically Diagnosed Knee, Hip, and Hand Osteoarthritis: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017; 68:1869-75. [PMID: 27059260 DOI: 10.1002/art.39707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies of previous cohorts have demonstrated an association between a status of overweight/obesity and the presence of knee and hand osteoarthritis (OA). However, no data on the effect of these factors on the OA burden are available. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of being overweight or obese on the incidence of routinely diagnosed knee, hip, and hand OA. METHODS The study was conducted in a population-based cohort using primary care records from the Sistema d'Informació per al Desenvolupament de l'Investigació en Atenció Primària database (>5.5 million subjects, covering >80% of the population of Catalonia, Spain). Participants were subjects ages ≥40 years who were without a diagnosis of OA on January 1, 2006 and had available body mass index (BMI) data. All subjects were followed up from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2010 or to the time of loss to follow-up or death. Measures included the World Health Organization categories of BMI (exposure), and incident clinical diagnoses of knee, hip, or hand OA according to International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes. RESULTS In total, 1,764,061 subjects were observed for a median follow-up period of 4.45 years (interquartile range 4.19-4.98 years). Incidence rates (per 1,000 person-years at risk) of knee, hip, and hand OA were 3.7 (99% confidence interval [99% CI] 3.6-3.8), 1.7 (99% CI 1.7-1.8), and 2.6 (99% CI 2.5-2.7), respectively, among subjects in the normal weight category, and 19.5 (99% CI 19.1-19.9), 3.8 (99% CI 3.7-4.0), and 4.0 (99% CI 3.9-4.2), respectively, in those with a classification of grade II obesity. Compared to subjects with normal weight, being overweight or obese increased the risk of OA at all 3 joint sites, especially at the knee. A status of overweight, grade I obesity, and grade II obesity increased the risk of knee OA by a factor of 2-fold, 3.1-fold, and 4.7-fold, respectively. CONCLUSION Being overweight or obese increases the risk of hand, hip, and knee OA, with the greatest risk in the knee, and this occurs on a dose-response gradient of increasing BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlen Reyes
- GREMPAL Research Group, IDIAP Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kirsten M Leyland
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise, and Osteoarthritis, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, and University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - George Peat
- Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK, and Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, and University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nigel K Arden
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, and Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK, and Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise, and Osteoarthritis, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, and University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniel Prieto-Alhambra
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, and University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, and GREMPAL Research Group, IDIAP Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, RETICEF, IMIM Research Foundation, Parc de Salut Mar, and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
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Gates LS, Leyland KM, Sheard S, Jackson K, Kelly P, Callahan LF, Pate R, Roos EM, Ainsworth B, Cooper C, Foster C, Newton JL, Batt ME, Arden NK. Physical activity and osteoarthritis: a consensus study to harmonise self-reporting methods of physical activity across international cohorts. Rheumatol Int 2017; 37:469-478. [PMID: 28238075 PMCID: PMC5357277 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-017-3672-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) is increasingly recognised as an important factor within studies of osteoarthritis (OA). However, subjective methods used to assess PA are highly variable and have not been developed for use within studies of OA, which creates difficulties when comparing and interpreting PA data in OA research. The aim of this study was, therefore, to gain expert agreement on the appropriate methods to harmonise PA data among existing population cohorts to enable the investigation of the association of PA and OA. The definition of PA in an OA context and methods of harmonization were established via an international expert consensus meeting and modified Delphi exercise using a geographically diverse committee selected on the basis of individual expertise in physical activity, exercise medicine, and OA. Agreement was met for all aims of study: (1) The use of Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) minutes per week (MET-min/week) as a method for harmonising PA variables among cohorts; (2) The determination of methods for treating missing components of MET-min/week calculation; a value will be produced from comparable activities within a representative cohort; (3) Exclusion of the domain of occupation from total MET-min/week; (4) The need for a specific measure of joint loading of an activity in addition to intensity and time, in studies of diseases, such as OA. This study has developed a systematic method to classify and harmonise PA in existing OA cohorts. It also provides minimum requirements for future studies intending to include subjective PA measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Gates
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - K M Leyland
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - S Sheard
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - K Jackson
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - P Kelly
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - L F Callahan
- Thurston Arthritis Research Centre, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - R Pate
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - E M Roos
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - B Ainsworth
- School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - C Cooper
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - C Foster
- British Heart Foundation Centre on Population Approaches for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - J L Newton
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M E Batt
- Centre for Sports Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals and Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Nottingham, UK
| | - N K Arden
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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Leyland KM, Judge A, Javaid MK, Diez-Perez A, Carr A, Cooper C, Arden NK, Prieto-Alhambra D. Obesity and the Relative Risk of Knee Replacement Surgery in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Prospective Cohort Study. Arthritis Rheumatol 2016; 68:817-25. [PMID: 26556722 DOI: 10.1002/art.39486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is unclear what impact obesity has on the progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA) from diagnosis to knee replacement surgery. This study was undertaken to examine the relative risk of knee replacement surgery in overweight and obese patients who were newly diagnosed as having knee OA in a community setting. METHODS Subjects were selected from the Information System for Development of Primary Care Research database, which compiles comprehensive clinical information collected by health care professionals for >5.5 million people in Catalonia, Spain (80% of the population). Patients newly diagnosed as having knee OA in primary care between 2006 and 2011 were included. Knee replacement was ascertained using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes from linked hospital admissions data. Multivariable Cox regression models were fitted for knee replacement according to body mass index (BMI), and were adjusted for relevant confounders. Population proportional attributable risk was calculated. RESULTS A total of 105,189 participants were followed up for a median of 2.6 years (interquartile range 1.3-4.2). Of these patients, 7,512 (7.1%) underwent knee replacement. Adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for knee replacement for the World Health Organization BMI categories were 1.41 (95% CI 1.27-1.57) for overweight, 1.97 (95% CI 1.78-2.18) for obese I, 2.39 (95% CI 2.15-2.67) for obese II, and 2.67 (95% CI 2.34-3.04) for obese III compared to normal weight. The effect of BMI on risk of knee replacement was stronger among younger participants. The population attributable risk of obesity for knee OA-related knee replacement was 31.0%. CONCLUSION Overweight and obese patients are at >40% and 100% increased risk of knee replacement surgery, respectively, compared to patients with normal weight. This association is even stronger in younger patients. Weight reduction strategies could potentially reduce the need for knee replacement surgery by 31% among patients with knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten M Leyland
- University of Oxford and the Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise, and Osteoarthritis, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Judge
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - M Kassim Javaid
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Adolfo Diez-Perez
- FIMIM-Parc Salut Mar and Red Tematica de Envejecimiento y Fragilidad (RETICEF), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Cyrus Cooper
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Nigel K Arden
- University of Oxford and the Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise, and Osteoarthritis, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniel Prieto-Alhambra
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, FIMIM-Parc Salut Mar and RETICEF, Barcelona, Spain, and GREMPAL Research Group, IDIAP Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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9
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Nelson AE, Stiller JL, Shi XA, Leyland KM, Renner JB, Schwartz TA, Arden NK, Jordan JM. Measures of hip morphology are related to development of worsening radiographic hip osteoarthritis over 6 to 13 year follow-up: the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:443-50. [PMID: 26497609 PMCID: PMC4761268 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to describe the effect of alterations in hip morphology with respect to worsening hip OA in a community-based sample including African American (AA) and white men and women. METHODS This nested case-control study defined case hips as Kellgren Lawrence grade (KLG) <3 on baseline supine pelvis radiographs and KLG ≥3 or THR for OA at the 1st or 2nd follow-up visit (mean 6 and 13 years, respectively); control hips had KLG <3 at both visits, with gender/race distribution similar to cases. Hip morphology was assessed using HipMorf software (Oxford, UK). Descriptive means and standard errors were obtained from generalized estimating equation (GEE) models. Sex-stratified GEE regression models (accounting for within-person correlation), adjusted for age, race, BMI, and side were then employed. RESULTS A total of 120 individuals (239 hips; 71 case/168 control) were included (25% male, 26% AA, mean age 62 years, BMI 30 kg/m(2)). Case hips tended to have greater baseline AP alpha angles, smaller minimum joint space width (mJSW) and more frequent triangular index signs. Adjusted results among men revealed that higher AP alpha angle, Gosvig ratio, and acetabular index were positively associated with case hips; coxa profunda was negatively associated. Among women, greater AP alpha angle, smaller mJSW, protrusio acetabuli, and triangular index sign were associated with case hips. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed an increased risk of worsening hip OA due to baseline features of cam deformity among men and women, as well as protrusio acetabuli among women, and provide the first estimates of these measures in AAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E. Nelson
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Jamie L. Stiller
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | | | - Kirsten M. Leyland
- NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit and Arthritis
Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise, and Osteoarthritis, University of Oxford,
Oxford, UK
| | - Jordan B. Renner
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA,Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Todd A. Schwartz
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA,Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global
Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
USA
| | - Nigel K. Arden
- NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit and Arthritis
Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise, and Osteoarthritis, University of Oxford,
Oxford, UK
| | - Joanne M. Jordan
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA,Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global
Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
USA,Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
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10
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Kluzek S, Sanchez-Santos MT, Leyland KM, Judge A, Newton J, Arden NK. Response to: 'Painful knee but not hand osteoarthritis is an independent predictor of mortality over 23 years follow-up of a population-based cohort of middle-aged women' by Gao et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2016; 75:e23. [PMID: 26865598 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-209029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Kluzek
- Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M T Sanchez-Santos
- Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - K M Leyland
- Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A Judge
- Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - J Newton
- Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - N K Arden
- Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
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11
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Leyland KM, Arden NK, Prieto-Alhambra D. Reply. Arthritis Rheumatol 2016; 68:1567-8. [PMID: 26748570 DOI: 10.1002/art.39578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten M Leyland
- University of Oxford and the Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise, and Osteoarthritis Oxford, UK
| | - Nigel K Arden
- University of Oxford and the Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise, and Osteoarthritis Oxford, UK
| | - D Prieto-Alhambra
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,FIMIM-Parc Salut Mar and RETICEF GREMPAL Research Group IDIAP Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute Universitat Autòonoma de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Kluzek S, Sanchez-Santos MT, Leyland KM, Judge A, Spector TD, Hart D, Cooper C, Newton J, Arden NK. Painful knee but not hand osteoarthritis is an independent predictor of mortality over 23 years follow-up of a population-based cohort of middle-aged women. Ann Rheum Dis 2015; 75:1749-56. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-208056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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13
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Agricola R, Leyland KM, Bierma-Zeinstra SMA, Thomas GE, Emans PJ, Spector TD, Weinans H, Waarsing JH, Arden NK. Validation of statistical shape modelling to predict hip osteoarthritis in females: data from two prospective cohort studies (Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee and Chingford). Rheumatology (Oxford) 2015; 54:2033-41. [PMID: 26139655 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kev232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To prospectively investigate whether hip shape variants at baseline are associated with the need for future total hip replacement (THR) in women and to validate the resulting associated shape variants of the Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee (CHECK) cohort and the Chingford cohort. METHODS Female participants from the CHECK cohort without radiographic OA (Kellgren-Lawrence score <2) at baseline were included (1100 hips); 22 hips had a THR within 5 years of follow-up. For the Chingford cohort, with only female participants, hips without radiographic OA at baseline were selected and a nested case-control design was used, with 19 THR cases within 19 years of follow-up and 95 controls matched 5 to 1 for age and BMI. Hip shape on baseline anteroposterior pelvic radiographs was assessed by statistical shape modelling (SSM) using the same model for both cohorts. RESULTS In the CHECK and Chingford cohorts, the respective mean age was 55.8 (s.d. 5.1) and 53.6 (s.d. 5.4) and the BMI was 26.14 (s.d. 4.3) and 25.7 (s.d. 3.3), respectively. Multiple shape variants of the hip were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with future THR in both the CHECK (modes 4, 11, 15, 17 and 22) and Chingford (modes 2 and 17) cohorts. Mode 17 [odds ratio (OR) 0.51 (95% CI 0.33, 0.80) in the CHECK cohort], representing a flattened head-neck junction and flat greater trochanter, could be confirmed in the Chingford cohort [OR 0.41 (95% CI 0.23, 0.82)]. Modes 4 and 15 of the CHECK cohort also showed non-significant trends in the Chingford cohort. CONCLUSION Several baseline shape variants are associated with the future need for THR within a cohort. Despite differences in participant characteristics, radiographic protocol and follow-up time, we could validate at least one shape variant, suggesting that SSM is reasonably transferable between cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rintje Agricola
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sports, Exercise and Osteoarthritis,
| | - Kirsten M Leyland
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sports, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sita M A Bierma-Zeinstra
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam
| | - Geraint E Thomas
- NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pieter J Emans
- Department of Orthopaedics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College, London, UK
| | - Harrie Weinans
- Department of Orthopaedics and Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht and Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H Waarsing
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nigel K Arden
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sports, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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14
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Leyland KM, Hart DJ, Javaid MK, Judge A, Kiran A, Soni A, Goulston LM, Cooper C, Spector TD, Arden NK. The natural history of radiographic knee osteoarthritis: a fourteen-year population-based cohort study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 64:2243-51. [PMID: 22422507 DOI: 10.1002/art.34415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the natural history of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA) over 14 years in a community-based cohort. METHODS We examined women from the Chingford Women's Study, a community-based cohort followed up for more than 14 years. We selected women for whom bilateral radiographs of the knees (with the legs in full extension) were obtained at approximately 5-year intervals. Radiographs were scored for OA in a blinded manner, using Kellgren/Lawrence (K/L) grades. Descriptive statistics and odds ratios (ORs) were used to compare the incidence, worsening, and progression of radiographic knee OA. RESULTS A complete radiography series was available for 561 of the original 1,003 subjects enrolled in the study. The median age of these subjects at baseline was 53 years (interquartile range 48-58 years). At baseline, 13.7% of the subjects had radiographic knee OA (K/L grade≥2) in at least one knee, and the prevalence increased to 47.8% by year 15. The annual cumulative incidence of radiographic knee OA was 2.3% between baseline and year 15. The annual rates of disease progression and worsening between baseline and year 15 were 2.8% and 3.0%, respectively. Subjects with a K/L grade of 1 at baseline were more likely to experience worsening by year 15 compared with subjects with a baseline grade of 0 (OR 4.5, 95% confidence interval 2.7-7.4). CONCLUSION This is the longest natural history study of radiographic knee OA to date. The results showed relatively low rates for the incidence and progression of radiographic knee OA; more than half of all subjects had no radiographic evidence of knee OA over a 15-year period of time. Subjects with a baseline K/L grade of 1 were more likely than subjects with other baseline K/L grades to experience worsening of knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Leyland
- Botnar Research Centre, Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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15
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Soni A, Kiran A, Hart DJ, Leyland KM, Goulston L, Cooper C, Javaid MK, Spector TD, Arden NK. Prevalence of reported knee pain over twelve years in a community-based cohort. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 64:1145-52. [PMID: 22180258 DOI: 10.1002/art.33434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the temporal patterns of knee pain in a community-based cohort over 12 years. METHODS Data on self-reported knee pain at 4 time points over 12 years were analyzed in participants from the Chingford Women's Study of osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis. Pain status was defined as any pain in the preceding month and pain on most days in the preceding month. This status was used to classify participants according to pain patterns of asymptomatic, persistent, incident, or intermittent pain. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify baseline predictors for each pain pattern. RESULTS Among the 489 women with complete followup data, the median age at baseline was 52 years (interquartile range [IQR] 48-58 years), the median body mass index (BMI) was 24.39 kg/m(2) (IQR 22.46-27.20), and 11.7% of the women had a Kellgren/Lawrence radiographic OA severity grade of ≥2 in at least one knee. Among subjects reporting any pain in the preceding month versus those reporting pain on most days in the preceding month, 9% versus 2% had persistent pain, 24% versus 16% had incident pain, and 29% versus 18% had intermittent pain. A higher BMI was predictive of persistent pain (odds ratio [OR] 1.14, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.04-1.25) and incident pain (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.02-1.18). The presence of radiographic knee OA was predictive of persistent pain (OR 3.70, 95% CI 1.34-10.28; P = 0.012), and reported knee injury was predictive of both persistent pain (OR 4.13, 95% CI 1.34-12.66; P = 0.013) and intermittent pain (OR 4.25, 95% CI 1.81-9.98; P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Significant variability in the temporal fluctuation of self-reported knee pain was seen in this community-based prospective study over a period of 12 years, with few women consistently reporting knee pain at each time point. Distinct baseline predictors for each pain pattern were identified and may explain the observed heterogeneity of self-reported knee pain when pain status is measured at only one time point.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Soni
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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