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Sinha A, Mohapatra S, Sahoo KC, Mohanty S, Sahoo B, Pati S, Sahoo PK. Motivation-opportunity-ability-behaviour of community members and program implementers towards mass drug administration for lymphatic filariasis elimination in India: a systematic review and implementation priority. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2024:trae008. [PMID: 38506271 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a significant public health issue in India. Despite 10-15 rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) in India, the global LF elimination target of 2030 appears challenging. To strengthen the program, community and provider perspectives on ways to bridge a gap in MDA are needed. Through the motivation-opportunity-ability-behaviour (MOAB) lens, we systematically reviewed the facilitators and barriers encountered in LF elimination in India. We followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. We searched PubMed, Embase, ProQuest and Google Scholar databases to explore factors related to MDA program implementation in India through 30 June 2021. We analysed the data using a thematic framework. We identified 576 studies; of these, 20 studies were included. This review revealed that the public health system for distributing MDA drugs in India created a better enabling environment, including zero out-of-pocket expenditure, door-step distribution of medicines and ample capacity-building training and follow-up. However, community members were unaware of the rationale for drug consumption, leading to a gap in drug distribution and consumption. Motivation is required among community members, which suggests capacity-building training for service providers to counsel the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Sinha
- Health Technology Assessment in India, Regional Resource Hub, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Sumegha Mohapatra
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Health Technology Assessment in India, Regional Resource Hub, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Shubhashisha Mohanty
- Joint Director of Health Services, National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Odisha, Odisha, India
| | - Banamber Sahoo
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Health Technology Assessment in India, Regional Resource Hub, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India
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Chauhan A, Parmar M, Rajesham JD, Shukla S, Sahoo KC, Chauhan S, Chitiboyina S, Sinha A, Srigana G, Gorla M, Pati S. Landscaping tuberculosis multimorbidity: findings from a cross-sectional study in India. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:453. [PMID: 38350875 PMCID: PMC10863254 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17828-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multimorbidity, the concurrent presence of two or more chronic conditions is an emerging public health challenge. Till date, most of the research have focused on the presence and interaction of selected co-morbidities in tuberculosis (TB). There exist a critical knowledge gap on the magnitude of multimorbidity among TB patients and its impact on health outcomes. METHODS We undertook a cross-sectional study to assess the prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity among newly diagnosed TB patients in two states of India. A total of 323 patients were interviewed using a structured multimorbidity assessment questionnaire for primary care (MAQ-PC). MAQ-PC is already validated for Indian population and elicits 22 chronic conditions. We defined TB multimorbidity as the co-existence of TB with one or more chronic conditions and identified commonly occurring dyads (TB + single condition) and triads (TB + two conditions). RESULTS More than half (52%) of TB patients reported multimorbidity. Among dyads, depression, diabetes mellitus (DM), acid peptic disease (APD), hypertension, chronic alcoholism, arthritis and chronic back ache (CBA) were the most common co-occurring conditions while 'DM + arthritis', 'depression + APD', 'depression + DM' were the most commonly occurring triads among TB patients. Factors such as increasing age, low levels of education, alcohol abusers, drug-resistant TB and having health insurance were significantly associated with multimorbidity among TB patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest high prevalence of multimorbidity among newly diagnosed TB patients in India. The presence of concordant and discordant conditions with TB may increase the health complexity, thus necessitating appropriate care protocols. Given, the current situation, wherein TB and non-communicable diseases (NCD) services are delivered through collaborative framework between programmes, there is a need for addressing multimorbidity at the healthcare delivery level.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chauhan
- Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India
| | - M Parmar
- World Health Organization, Country Office for India, New Delhi, India
| | - J D Rajesham
- State Tuberculosis Cell, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - S Shukla
- World Health Organization, National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme - Technical Support Network, New Delhi, India
| | - K C Sahoo
- Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - S Chauhan
- World Health Organization, National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme - Technical Support Network, New Delhi, India
| | - S Chitiboyina
- State TB Training and Demonstration Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - A Sinha
- Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - G Srigana
- World Health Organization, National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme - Technical Support Network, New Delhi, India
| | - M Gorla
- World Health Organization, National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme - Technical Support Network, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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Sahoo KC, Sinha A, Sahoo RK, Suman SS, Bhattacharya D, Pati S. Diagnostic Validation and Feasibility of a Non-invasive Haemoglobin Screening Device (EzeCheck) for 'Anaemia Mukt Bharat' in India. Cureus 2024; 16:e52877. [PMID: 38406104 PMCID: PMC10894012 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Anaemia remains a major public health issue in India despite several efforts. It is crucial to introduce technology-based innovations for the mass screening and early diagnosis of anaemia. Traditional anaemia screening requires drawing blood and laboratory analysis and can be logistically expensive in resource-constrained settings. A non-invasive haemoglobin test for mass screening in such settings is vital which can quickly and efficiently screen large populations. This study validated the haemoglobin estimation between the invasive haematology analyzer and the non-invasive EzeCheck (EzeRx Health Tech Pvt. Ltd., Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India) in the community setting. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 416 urban slum members in Bhubaneswar, India. We used inter-rater reliability (kappa statistic) of haemoglobin estimation between the haematology analyzer and EzeCheck devices. The finding showed a moderate agreement between both devices (kappa=0.4221). Between both devices, 91.59% of the results were with +/-1.5 difference; 43.51%, no difference; 33.65%, less than one difference; and 14.42%, +/-1 to +/-1.5 difference of haemoglobin estimation. There was no significant difference in overall anaemia status estimates between the devices. Mass screening in schools and communities with non-invasive haemoglobin tests can help identify anaemic people for early diagnosis and bring patients for timely treatment, which can be used in remote areas to support 'Anaemia Mukt Bharat'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Public Health, Health Technology Assessment in India, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) - Regional Medical Research Centre (RMRC), Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Abhinav Sinha
- Public Health, Health Technology Assessment in India, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) - Regional Medical Research Centre (RMRC), Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Rakesh Kumar Sahoo
- Public Health, Health Technology Assessment in India, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) - Regional Medical Research Centre (RMRC), Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - S Shradha Suman
- Public Health, Health Technology Assessment in India, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) - Regional Medical Research Centre (RMRC), Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Debdutta Bhattacharya
- Microbiology, Health Technology Assessment in India, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) - Regional Medical Research Centre (RMRC), Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Public Health, Health Technology Assessment in India, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) - Regional Medical Research Centre (RMRC), Bhubaneswar, IND
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Sahoo KC, Sahay MR, Dubey S, Nayak S, Negi S, Mahapatra P, Bhattacharya D, Barrio MOD, Pati S. Community engagement and involvement in managing the COVID-19 pandemic among urban poor in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic scoping review and stakeholders mapping. Glob Health Action 2023; 16:2133723. [PMID: 36537837 PMCID: PMC9769144 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2022.2133723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community engagement and involvement (CEI) was crucial for the COVID-19 pandemic response, particularly among the urban poor in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, no evidence synthesis explores how CEI can benefit public health emergencies. OBJECTIVE We conducted a systematic scoping review of the CEI with an emphasis on stakeholder identification, accountability mapping, the support system, and the engagement process among urban poor populations in LMICs during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We searched eleven databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL, following the PRISMA-2020 guidelines to find articles published between November 2019 and August 2021. PROSPERO registration No: CRD42021283599. We performed the quality assessment using a mixed-method appraisal tool. We synthesized the findings using thematic framework analysis. RESULTS We identified 6490 records. After the title and abstract screening, 133 studies were selected for full-text review, and finally, we included 30 articles. Many stakeholders were involved in COVID-19 support, particularly for health care, livelihoods, and WASH infrastructure, and their accountability mapping by adopting an interest - influence matrix. This review emphasizes the significance of meaningful CEI in designing and implementing public health efforts for pandemic management among urban slum populations. The interest - influence matrix findings revealed that specific community volunteers, community-based organizations, and civil society organizations had high interest but less influence, indicating that it is necessary to recognize and engage them. CONCLUSION Motivation is crucial for those with high influence but less interest, such as corporate responsibility/conscience and private food supply agencies, for the health system's preparedness plan among urban populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mili Roopchand Sahay
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Shubhankar Dubey
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Subhasish Nayak
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sapna Negi
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pranab Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Debdutta Bhattacharya
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mariam Otmani Del Barrio
- UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India,CONTACT Sanghamitra Pati Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha751023, India
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Pati S, van den Akker M, Schellevis FFG, Sahoo KC, Burgers JS. Management of diabetes patients with comorbidity in primary care: a mixed-method study in Odisha, India. Fam Pract 2023; 40:714-721. [PMID: 36610706 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmac144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes patients with comorbidities need regular and comprehensive care for their disease management. Hence, it is essential to assess the primary care preparedness for managing diabetes patients and the perspectives of the diabetes patients on the care received at the primary care facilities. METHODS All 21 Urban Primary Health Centres (UPHCs) in Bhubaneswar city of Odisha, India, were assessed using the modified Primary Care Evaluation Tool and WHO Package of Essential Non-communicable disease interventions questionnaire. Additionally, 21 diabetes patients with comorbidities were interviewed in-depth to explore their perception of the care received at the primary care facilities. RESULTS All the UPHCs had provisions to meet the basic requirements for the management of diabetes and common comorbidities like hypertension. There were few provisions for chronic kidney illness, cardiovascular disease, mental health, and cancer. Diabetes patients felt that frequent change in primary care physicians at the primary care facilities affected their continuity of care. Easy accessibility, availability of free medicines, and provisions of basic laboratory tests at the facilities were felt to be necessary by the diabetes patients. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the existing gaps in India's healthcare system preparedness and the needs of diabetes patients with comorbidity. The government of India's Health and Wellness (HWC) scheme aims to deliver comprehensive healthcare to the population and provide holistic care at the primary care level for NCD patients. It is imperative that there is an early implementation of the various components of the HWC scheme to provide optimal care to diabetes patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipana Pati
- Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Odisha, Orissa State Institute of Health and Family Welfare, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Marjan van den Akker
- Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Family Medicine, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Frankfurt, Germany
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Academisch Centrum voor Huisartsgeneeskunde, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of General Practice & Elderly Care Medicine, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of General Practice & Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F François G Schellevis
- Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Family Medicine, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Frankfurt, Germany
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Academisch Centrum voor Huisartsgeneeskunde, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of General Practice & Elderly Care Medicine, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of General Practice & Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Jako S Burgers
- Department of Family Medicine, School CAPRI, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Dutch College of General Practitioners, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Krishnan K, Sahoo KC, Kalyanasundaram M, Singh S, Srinivas A, Pathak A, Stålsby Lundborg C, Atkins S, Rousta K, Diwan V. Feasibility assessment of crowdsourcing slogans for promoting household waste segregation in India: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1118331. [PMID: 37900030 PMCID: PMC10600395 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1118331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Crowdsourcing is an emerging technique to engage or access a wider set of experts and multiple stakeholders through online platforms, which might effectively be employed in waste management. Therefore, we assessed the feasibility of the crowdsourcing method to provide an alternative approach that can improve household waste segregation using an "online-slogan-contest". Methods The contest was promoted via targeted emails to various governmental and non-governmental organizations and through social media platforms for around 4 weeks (25 days). The entries were received through a Google form. The slogans were assessed by the experts and analyzed using content analysis methods. Results Total 969 entries were received from different geographic regions in India. Of that, 456 were in English and 513 in Hindi. Five themes of waste segregation emerged from the received slogans: (1) Community awareness, responsibility, and support, (2) Significance of household waste segregation, (3) Use of separate dustbins, (4) Health and well-being, and (5) Environment and sustainability. Discussion Crowdsourcing approaches can be used by local authorities for improving waste management approaches and are recommended as these involve a wider audience within a short time frame. Moreover, this approach is flexible and integrating crowdsourcing approaches strengthens our understanding of existing waste management activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Krishnan
- Division of Environmental Monitoring and Exposure Assessment (Water and Soil), ICMR—National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | | | | | - Surya Singh
- Division of Environmental Monitoring and Exposure Assessment (Water and Soil), ICMR—National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | | | - Ashish Pathak
- Department of Pediatrics, R D Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, India
- Department of Global Public Health, Health Systems and Policy (HSP): Improving Use of Medicines, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg
- Department of Global Public Health, Health Systems and Policy (HSP): Improving Use of Medicines, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Salla Atkins
- Department of Global Public Health, Social Medicine Infectious Disease and Migration (SIM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Global Health and Development, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kamran Rousta
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden
| | - Vishal Diwan
- Division of Environmental Monitoring and Exposure Assessment (Water and Soil), ICMR—National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
- Department of Global Public Health, Health Systems and Policy (HSP): Improving Use of Medicines, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Pati S, Sinha A, Verma P, Kshatri J, Kanungo S, Sahoo KC, Mahapatra P, Pati S, Delpino FM, Krolow A, Teixeira DSDC, Batista S, Nunes BP, Weller D, Mercer SW. Childhood health and educational disadvantage are associated with adult multimorbidity in the global south: findings from a cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative surveys in India and Brazil. J Epidemiol Community Health 2023; 77:617-624. [PMID: 37541775 PMCID: PMC10511991 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2022-219507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multimorbidity has emerged as a major healthcare challenge in low/middle-income countries (LMICs) such as India and Brazil. Life course epidemiology suggests that adverse events in early life contribute to an individual's later health in adulthood. However, little is known about the influence of early life health and social factors on the development of multimorbidity in adulthood in LMICs. We aimed to explore the association of adult multimorbidity with childhood health and social disadvantages among two LMICs, India and Brazil. METHODS We conducted a secondary data analysis of older adults aged ≥50 years using nationally representative surveys from Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, 2017-2018 (n=51 481) and 'Estudo Longitudinal da Saude e Bem-Estar dos Idosos Brasileirous', 2015-2016 (n=8730). We estimated the prevalence of multimorbidity along with 95% CI as a measure of uncertainty for all weighted proportions. Log link in generalised linear model was used to assess the association between childhood health and disadvantages with multimorbidity, reported as adjusted prevalence ratio (APR). RESULTS The prevalence of multimorbidity was 25.53% and 55.24% in India and Brazil, respectively. Participants who perceived their childhood health as poor and missed school for a month or more due to illness had the highest level of multimorbidity across both countries. After adjusting for age and gender, a significant association between adult multimorbidity and poor self-rated childhood health (APR: (India: 1.38, 1.16 to 1.65) and (Brazil: 1.19, 1.09 to 1.30)); and missed school for a month due to illness (AOR: (India: 1.73, 1.49 to 2.01) and (Brazil: 1.16, 1.08 to 1.25)) was observed. CONCLUSION Early life health, educational and economic disadvantages are associated with adult multimorbidity and appear to contribute to the later course of life. A life course approach to the prevention of multimorbidity in adulthood in LMICs may be useful in health programmes and policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghamitra Pati
- Division of Public Health, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Abhinav Sinha
- Division of Public Health, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Priyanka Verma
- Division of Public Health, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Jayasingh Kshatri
- Division of Public Health, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Srikanta Kanungo
- Division of Public Health, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Division of Public Health, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pranab Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Lown Fellow, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sandipana Pati
- Department of Health & Family Welfare, Odisha State Institute of Health and Family Welfare, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Andria Krolow
- Department of Nursing, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Sandro Batista
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil
| | - Bruno P Nunes
- Department of Nursing, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - David Weller
- College of Medicine, The University of Edinburgh Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stewart W Mercer
- College of Medicine, The University of Edinburgh Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, UK
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Kalyanasundaram M, Krishnan K, Singh S, Sahoo KC, Soni R, Parashar V, Mathankar N, Pathak A, Sabde Y, Stålsby Lundborg C, Atkins S, Rousta K, Diwan V. Composition analysis (pick analysis) of waste generated from household: A pilot study in Ujjain city, India. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19902. [PMID: 37809475 PMCID: PMC10559268 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Waste segregation is an essential function in improving waste management. Waste segregation not only facilitates recycling and reduces waste going to landfills, rather it can benefit our environment and human in various ways. A pick analysis of waste composition is used to characterize the household waste stream and thus can analyze the segregation rate among the residents. In addition, it can measure the actual waste sorting behaviour at the household/community level. The objective of the study was to assess feasibility of a large-scale waste composition study, identify methodological and operational challenges, and estimate the resources needed to conduct the main waste composition study in order to obtain and get indicative figures about waste generation, composition, and miss-sorted proportions. The study team went door-to-door to collect waste in colour coded bags. We also collected the socio-demographic data of the households. The collected waste was weighed and segregated to analyze the waste composition. The analysis was done among 45 households, and it was found that the per capita waste generation per day is 0.25 kg (0.24 kg from slum and 0.27 kg from non-slum). Challenges identified in conducting waste composition study were lack of standard waste fraction classifications, difficulty in recruitment of personnel to conduct study due to social taboo around waste, challenge in co-coordinating with Ujjain Municipal Corporation waste collection vehicle for collection of waste. 53 household activities were completed in 5 and half hours with INR 24685 (USD 300.5). Pick analysis could be adopted by the Ujjain Municipal Corporation after cost effective analysis to generate precise estimate of waste generation, resource recovery, efficient resource allocation and will help in future interventions and informed policy decision making to improve segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kavya Krishnan
- Division of Environmental Monitoring and Exposure Assessment (Water and Soil), ICMR – National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462030, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Surya Singh
- Division of Environmental Monitoring and Exposure Assessment (Water and Soil), ICMR – National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462030, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Health Technology Assessment in India Regional Hub, ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Rachna Soni
- Ruxmaniben Deepchand Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, 456006, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Parashar
- Ruxmaniben Deepchand Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, 456006, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Namrata Mathankar
- Ruxmaniben Deepchand Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, 456006, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Pathak
- Ruxmaniben Deepchand Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, 456006, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Department of Global Public Health, Health Systems and Policy: Improving Use of Medicines, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yogesh Sabde
- Division of Environemtnal Health and Epidemiology, ICMR – National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462030, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg
- Department of Global Public Health, Health Systems and Policy: Improving Use of Medicines, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Salla Atkins
- Department of Global Public Health, Social Medicine Infectious Disease and Migration, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Global Health and Development, Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 33100, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kamran Rousta
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 50332, Borås, Sweden
| | - Vishal Diwan
- Division of Environmental Monitoring and Exposure Assessment (Water and Soil), ICMR – National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462030, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Department of Global Public Health, Health Systems and Policy: Improving Use of Medicines, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
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Jena S, Sahoo KC, Samantaray K, Satpathy N, Epari V. Operational Feasibility of Hospital-Based Cancer Registries in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e42126. [PMID: 37602029 PMCID: PMC10436996 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer registration is crucial for any country's cancer surveillance and management program. However, there is a lack of systematic evidence on the operational feasibility of hospital-based cancer registries (HBCRs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We systematically reviewed and described the challenges and prospects of HBCRs in LMICs. We reported the study according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. Electronic databases such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, ProQuest, and CINAHL were searched. Peer-reviewed studies published between January 1, 2000 and June 30, 2021 were included. We used thematic analysis to synthesize the findings discussing barriers and enablers of HBCRs. Thirteen studies were eligible for the analysis after eliminating duplicates, screening of title and abstract, and full-text review. The determinants, registry functionality, data management and abstraction, data security, data quality, organizational readiness, and perception of registry staff influence the implementation of HBCRs. In LMICs, many registries lacked functional documentation and data management systems due to a shortage of skilled professionals. However, in many instances, physicians and patients communicated via digital media, which helped obtain accurate data. The HBCR completeness rate was high in Ethiopia, China, Thailand, and Tanzania. Qualification and capacity building of the data managers was linked to the completeness and accuracy of the registry data, which led to sustainability. In addition, a few registries implemented new worksheets to enhance documentation. This review highlights the need for additional digitalization of the cancer registry to improve its functionality, completeness, follow-up, and output. Further, physicians and data managers require regular training to address cancer registry completeness and reduce errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubharanjan Jena
- Community Medicine, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Public Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) - Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Kajal Samantaray
- Public Health, Institute of Public Health, Bengaluru, Bengaluru, IND
| | - Nancy Satpathy
- Community Medicine, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Venkatarao Epari
- Community Medicine, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, IND
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Sahoo KC, Negi S, Mahapatra P, Samantaray K, Dash GC, Dubey S, Sahay MR, Sahoo RK, Bhattacharya D, Sahoo B, Pani SP, Otmani del Barrio M, Pati S. Gender dimensions of health-related challenges among urban poor during COVID-19 pandemic in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review and gap analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1170386. [PMID: 37361176 PMCID: PMC10288984 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1170386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has varying effects on men, women, and the transgender population. However, there is a paucity of systematic evidence on how gender and other social determinants of health during COVID-19 are affected in resource constraint urban settings. This review describes the gender dimensions of health-related challenges among the urban poor during COVID-19 in LMICs. We searched 11 scholarly online repositories including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL using the domain "slums," "COVID-19", "LMICs" and "gender identities." We used thematic framework analysis to synthesize qualitative data, and meta-analysis to determine the pooled prevalence. We registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020203783). We identified 6490 records, and 37 articles included. The studies reported stress among 74% women and 78% men, depression among 59% women and 62% men, and anxiety among 79% women and 63% men. Men had more stress than women during COVID-19; men are primarily responsible for household sustenance. Women had more anxiety than men, possibly because they are often the primary caregivers for children and the older population. While the severity varies according to gender identity, their vulnerability mostly related to their literacy and economy, highlighting the significance of including all social determinants in future primary studies. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Health Technology Assessment in India, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sapna Negi
- Health Technology Assessment in India, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pranab Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Kajal Samantaray
- Health Technology Assessment in India, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Girish Chandra Dash
- Health Technology Assessment in India, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Shubhankar Dubey
- Health Technology Assessment in India, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mili Roopchand Sahay
- Health Technology Assessment in India, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Sahoo
- Health Technology Assessment in India, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Debdutta Bhattacharya
- Health Technology Assessment in India, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Banamber Sahoo
- Health Technology Assessment in India, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Mariam Otmani del Barrio
- UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Health Technology Assessment in India, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Lahariya C, Sahoo KC, Sundararaman T, Prinja S, Rajsekhar K, Pati S. Universal health coverage in India and health technology assessment: current status and the way forward. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1187567. [PMID: 37333525 PMCID: PMC10272558 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1187567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In India, there is a renewed emphasis on Universal Health Coverage (UHC). Alongside this, Health Technology Assessment (HTA) is an important tool for advancing UHC. The development and application of HTA in India, including capacity building and establishing institutional mechanisms. We emphasized using the HTA approach within two components of the Ayushman Bharat programme, and the section concludes with lessons learned and the next steps. The UHC has increased the importance of selecting and implementing effective technologies and interventions within national health systems, particularly in the context of limited resources. To maximize the use of limited resources and produce reliable scientific assessments, developing and enhancing national capacity must be based on established best practices, information exchange between different sectors, and collaborative approaches. A more potent mechanism and capacity for HTA in India would accelerate the country's progress toward UHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrakant Lahariya
- Integrated Department of Health Policy, Epidemiology, Preventive Medicine and Pediatrics, Foundation for People-centric Health Systems, New Delhi, India
- SD Gupta School of Public Health, The IIHMR University, Jaipur, India
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Health Technology Assessment in India, Regional Resource Hub, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - T. Sundararaman
- Former Dean, School of Health Systems Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Shankar Prinja
- School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kavitha Rajsekhar
- Health Technology Assessment in India, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Health Technology Assessment in India, Regional Resource Hub, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Mahapatra P, Sahoo KC, Desaraju S, Nath B, Pati S. Managing dementia care during COVID-19 pandemic: caregivers' experiences in Odisha, India. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2023; 24:e41. [PMID: 37226696 DOI: 10.1017/s1463423622000664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The present study explored the family caregivers' perspectives and elicited their experience while managing dementia care during the COVID-19 pandemic in Odisha, India. BACKGROUND The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has diverted the attention of health systems away from chronic disease management and health services delivery. Psychiatric care particularly for dementia and the elderly is found to be more compromised in such situation. METHODS We adopted an inductive phenomenological approach to garner key insights into the care continuity for people living with dementia in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Telephonic in-depth interviews (IDIs) were carried out with 17 immediate caregivers. All IDIs were digitally recorded, transcribed, and analysed using a thematic approach. FINDINGS Caregivers did not perceive dementia as an overwhelming challenge; instead viewed it as a part of the ageing process. Caring for dementia was being done by family members as a collective responsibility with task-sharing. The caregivers primarily relied on their usual physician for the continuity of dementia care and took utmost precautions to prevent exposure to COVID-19 risk. However, they found it more challenging to ensure adequate care for the multiple illnesses (multimorbidity) coexisting with dementia. Towards this, they adopted all possible measures to keep the chronic conditions under control, lest the vulnerability to COVID-19 infection might heighten. The fear of visiting a hospital, prevailing restrictions in mobility, and diverted attention of health systems to pandemic containment created impediments towards maintaining multimorbidity care. The support of local administration, neighbourhood pharmacy and diagnostic laboratories and teleconsultation with the physicians were vital for care continuity. Caregivers adapted by reducing or deferring physical consultation and seeking treatment via telephonic advice of the treating physicians. Our findings suggest leveraging digitally enabled health care technology and augmenting caregiver activation for home-based dementia care to cruise through any similar catastrophic situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranab Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha751024, India
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha751023, India
| | - Shyama Desaraju
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha751023, India
| | - Binapani Nath
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha751023, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha751023, India
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Sahoo KC, Dash GC, Panda S, Kshatri JS, Uddin A, Pattnaik M, Sahoo RK, Diwedi R, Palo SK, Bhattacharya D, Pati S. Impact of smokeless cooking fuel use on health status of women in a rural setting of eastern India. Int J Environ Health Res 2023; 33:464-472. [PMID: 35128996 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2035324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The sustainable development goals (SDG 7.1) reinforce to ensure that everyone has access to affordable, safe and renewable energy. In India, women are typically responsible for cooking and are most vulnerable to household air contaminants. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional comparative study in Odisha, India between exclusive LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) users and non-LPG users. A total of 900 women, 450 from each group, were randomly selected. The LPG-users had a better predictor of physical, psychological, social, and environmental wellbeing than non-LPG users. We found the ophthalmic disorders (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.87, 95% CI 1.16-7.10, p = .023), asthma (AOR 2.05, 95% CI 1.15-3.65, p = .015), and ALRI (acute lower respiratory infections) (AOR 9.19, 95% CI 2.06-40.96, p < .004) were significantly higher in non-LPG users in comparison to LPG users. Access to smokeless cooking fuel will improve women's quality of life by eliminating the consumption of biofuel and thereby providing a healthier cooking environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Girish Chandra Dash
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Subhashree Panda
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Jaya Singh Kshatri
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Azhar Uddin
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Matrujyoti Pattnaik
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Sahoo
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Rinshu Diwedi
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Subrat Kumar Palo
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Debdutta Bhattacharya
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
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Sahoo KC, Athe R, Bhattacharya D, Dwivedi R, Sahoo RK, Aimol LW, Jain S, Rajsekhar K, Pati S. Use of Portable Automated Auditory Brainstem Responses in Universal Neonatal Hearing Screening: A Mixed-Method Study in Odisha, India. Indian J Pediatr 2023; 90:298-300. [PMID: 36598633 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-022-04435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hearing loss in children affects cognitive development, so early detection is crucial. It is because of the lack of portable technology that the majority of hearing problems go undetected. The authors conducted a mixed-method study in India to examine the concurrent validity and operational feasibility of portable automated brainstem response (P-AABR) and otoacoustic emissions (OAE) in universal neonatal hearing screening. They screened 198 children's ears using ABR and OAE devices. Additionally, 60 observations were recorded during the 'portable automated ABR' screening process. The hearing screening could be performed with P-AABR by any health care staff with basic skill-based training. However, the interpretation of the graphical wave required an audiologist. If the baby was quiet, the test could be performed in 20 min, including electrode implantation, impediment setting, earphone installation, and swipe counts. The P-AABR device can be used in the universal health coverage of hearing screening among infants in outreach areas due to its portability and minimal infrastructural requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), Regional Resource Hub, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Ramesh Athe
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), Regional Resource Hub, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Debdutta Bhattacharya
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), Regional Resource Hub, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rinshu Dwivedi
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), Regional Resource Hub, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Sahoo
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), Regional Resource Hub, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Lanu Wanboy Aimol
- Ayjnishd (Divyangjan), Regional Center, Janla, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Shalu Jain
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, New Delhi, India
| | - Kavitha Rajsekhar
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), Regional Resource Hub, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Chauhan A, Parmar M, Dash GC, Solanki H, Chauhan S, Sharma J, Sahoo KC, Mahapatra P, Rao R, Kumar R, Rade K, Pati S. The prevalence of tuberculosis infection in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Indian J Med Res 2023; 157:135-151. [PMID: 37202933 PMCID: PMC10319385 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_382_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives The National Prevalence Survey of India (2019-2021) estimated 31 per cent tuberculosis infection (TBI) burden among individuals above 15 years of age. However, so far little is known about the TBI burden among the different risk groups in India. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis, aimed to estimate the prevalence of TBI in India based on geographies, sociodemographic profile, and risk groups. Methods To identify the prevalence of TBI in India, data sources such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched for articles reporting data between 2013-2022, irrespective of the language and study setting. TBI data were extracted from 77 publications and pooled prevalence was estimated from the 15 community-based cohort studies. Articles were reviewed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines and were sourced using a predefined search strategy from different databases. Results Out of 10,521 records, 77 studies (46 cross-sectional and 31 cohort studies) were included. The pooled TBI prevalence for India based on the community-based cohort studies was estimated as 41 per cent [95% confidence interval (CI) 29.5-52.6%] irrespective of the risk of acquiring it, while the estimation was 36 per cent (95% CI 28-45%) prevalence observed among the general population excluding high-risk groups. Regions with high active TB burden were found to have a high TBI prevalence such as Delhi and Tamil Nadu. An increasing trend of TBI was observed with increasing age in India. Interpretation & conclusions This review demonstrated a high prevalence of TBI in India. The burden of TBI was commensurate with active TB prevalence suggesting possible conversion of TBI to active TB. A high burden was recorded among people residing in the northern and southern regions of the country. Such local epidemiologic variation need to be considered to reprioritize and implement-tailored strategies for managing TBI in India.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Girish Chandra Dash
- Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Hardik Solanki
- Central TB Division, WHO NTEP Technical Support Network, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Chauhan
- Central TB Division, WHO NTEP Technical Support Network, New Delhi, India
| | - Jessica Sharma
- Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pranab Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Raghuram Rao
- Central TB Division, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- Central TB Division, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Joseph HB, Ravindran V, Sahoo KC, Sahoo KC. Occupational Satisfaction of Public Hospital Nurses in India: A Qualitative Explorative Study. Florence Nightingale Hemsire Derg 2023; 31:42-47. [PMID: 36751716 PMCID: PMC10081012 DOI: 10.5152/fnjn.2023.22055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to explore occupational satisfaction experienced by nurses working in a public hospital. METHOD Qualitative approach was used to explore experiences toward occupational satisfaction among 16 nurses working in different units of a selected public hospital in Tamil Nadu, South India. A semi-structured interview guide facilitated the individual in-depth face-to-face interviews, which were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic approach was used for data analysis and data management was performed using NVIVO-12 software. RESULTS The two major themes that emerged as nurses' experiences on occupational satisfaction were "Quality patient care rendering and responses" and "Professional opportunities and responsibility." The sub-themes under quality patient care rendering and responses were patient care environment, team dynamics, leadership, and patient's health status. The sub-themes under professional opportunities and responsibility were pay and promotion, professional growth, and recognition. CONCLUSION The findings help us understand the various facilitating and hindering challenges nurses face in occupational satisfaction. It also emphasizes the organization's focus on modifiable factors in the working environment, enhancing satisfaction, and helping the nurses work more effectively and efficiently to deliver quality nursing care. Nursing administration in every healthcare setting should focus on strategies to improve nurses' professional development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hepsi Bai Joseph
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Vinitha Ravindran
- Department of CNE - Research, College of Nursing, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Patel K, Panda N, Sahoo KC, Saxena S, Chouhan NS, Singh P, Ghosh U, Panda B. A systematic review of menstrual hygiene management (MHM) during humanitarian crises and/or emergencies in low- and middle-income countries. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1018092. [PMID: 36249215 PMCID: PMC9555566 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1018092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Poor menstrual hygiene management (MHM) is linked to adverse health, and quality of life, particularly during emergencies. Although in recent times increased emphasis is being laid upon MHM during humanitarian crises-pandemics, disasters and conflicts, the essential components of complete MHM during an emergency are not clearly spelt out. We conducted a systematic review to examine, analyse and describe the existing evidence related to the challenges experienced by women and girls in practicing MHM during humanitarian crises and / or public health emergencies. Methods We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022328636). We searched online repositories: PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO for articles published between January 2000 and April 2022. For presenting key findings, we used the descriptive statistics and thematic analysis approach. Results We identified a total of 1,078 published articles, out of which 78 were selected for a full-text review, and finally 21 articles were included. The pooled prevalence of lack of access to sanitary pads during humanitarian crises was 34 percent (95 percent CI 0.24-0.45). The prevalence of safe and proper sanitary pad disposal practices ranged from 11 to 85 per cent, with a pooled prevalence of 54 per cent (95 per cent CI 0.21-86). Qualitative analyses projected three themes that emerged on MHM during humanitarian crises (1) Availability and affordability of menstrual products, and accessibility to water, sanitation and health (WASH) services, (2) Availability of support system and coping with "period poverty," and (3) Gender dimensions of menstrual hygiene management. Most studies reported non-availability of MHM products and WASH services during emergencies. Existence of barriers at systemic and personal level posed challenges in practicing menstrual hygiene. Privacy was identified as a common barrier, as emergency shelters were reportedly not women-friendly. Conclusion Availability of limited evidence on the subject is suggestive of the need to invest resources for strengthening primary research in low- and middle-income countries and more specifically during emergencies. Context-specific state level policies on MHM during emergencies would help to guide district and sub-district managers in strengthening systems and address barriers for the provision of MHM services during emergencies. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022328636, identifier CRD42022328636.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kripalini Patel
- Indian Institute of Public Health (IIPH), Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Nishisipa Panda
- Indian Institute of Public Health (IIPH), Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Health Technology Assessment in India, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Shipra Saxena
- United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Pratibha Singh
- United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), New Delhi, India
| | - Upasona Ghosh
- Indian Institute of Public Health (IIPH), Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Bhuputra Panda
- Indian Institute of Public Health (IIPH), Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India,*Correspondence: Bhuputra Panda
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Dubey S, Sahoo KC, Dash GC, Sahay MR, Mahapatra P, Bhattacharya D, del Barrio MO, Pati S. Housing-related challenges during COVID-19 pandemic among urban poor in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and gap analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1029394. [PMID: 36211702 PMCID: PMC9540216 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1029394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The abysmal health of the urban poor or slum dwellers was attributed to structural inequities such as inadequate housing, water, and sanitation. This review aimed to assess housing-related opportunities and challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic among urban poor in low-and middle-income countries. For study identification, a comprehensive search was performed in 11 databases that yielded 22 potential studies. The inadequate housing infrastructure makes the lives of the urban poor more precarious during COVID-19. Typically, the houses lacked lighting, ventilation, and overcrowding. This review reflected that it is crucial to reimagine housing policy for the urban poor with an emphasis on pandemic/epidemic guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhankar Dubey
- Health Technology Assessment in India, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Health Technology Assessment in India, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Girish Chandra Dash
- Health Technology Assessment in India, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Mili Roopchand Sahay
- Health Technology Assessment in India, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Pranab Mahapatra
- Health Technology Assessment in India, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Debdutta Bhattacharya
- Health Technology Assessment in India, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Mariam Otmani del Barrio
- UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Health Technology Assessment in India, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India
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Palo SK, Panda M, Sahoo KC, Mahapatra P, Pati S. Impediments of Cancer Survivorship and Palliative Care: A Mixed-Methods Study in a Tertiary Healthcare Facility in Odisha, India. Indian J Palliat Care 2022; 28:398-405. [DOI: 10.25259/ijpc_74_2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective:
Measure the satisfaction level of patients visiting a tertiary level cancer institute in Odisha, identify the factors associated with the satisfaction level and assess the health system challenges related to quality service provision for cancer survival.
Methodology:
Analytical cross-sectional study was carried out using a mixed-methods approach in a tertiary cancer care unit in Odisha among 538 cancer patients using the Patient Satisfaction 32 questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 questionnaire.
Results:
There were 41% and 43% of outdoor and indoor patients who were below poverty line. Hindu was the predominant religion (>90%), 10% were illiterates and 90% were married in each category. Breast cancer (16%) was predominant among outdoor patients, whereas, it was stomach cancer (15%) among indoor patients. The PHQ median score for females was 1.5 and 1 each for indoor and outdoor patients, respectively. Nearly, 72% and 57% of males and females had mild depression to adjustment disorders statistically significant at P < 0.05. 90% of outdoor and 68% of indoor patients with a greater frequency of visits were significantly more depressed than their counterparts. All those accompanied by people other than their family members also showed higher values of adjustment and mild depressive features (69%) at P < 0.05. About 81% were satisfied with both general services and staff and nearly 40% with treatment and diagnosis.
Conclusion:
It gave us demographic details of cancer morbidity and its associates besides validating the survivorship framework in the Indian setting. Self-help anonymous and rehabilitation centres for a holistic integrative approach at the primary level of care need to be done.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Kumar Palo
- Department of Health Research, DHR, RMRC, ICMR, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India,
| | - Meely Panda
- Department of Community Medicine, AIIMS, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, India,
| | | | - Pranab Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry, KIMS, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India,
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Department of Health Research, DHR, RMRC, ICMR, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India,
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Sahoo KC, Doley C, Negi S, Das S, Verma P, Kanungo S, Pati S. Experiences of Urban Slum-Dwelling Women With Maternal and Child Health Services During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multi-City Qualitative Study From India. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1604348. [PMID: 36204007 PMCID: PMC9530035 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic containment necessitated the diversion of substantial health care resources thus affecting the routine essential care, and posing barriers to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We explored the experiences of vulnerable communities—urban-slum-dwelling women regarding maternal and child health services during COVID-19.Methods: We conducted 48 in-depth interviews in four Indian states—12 in each state among urban-slum antenatal, intra-natal, and postnatal women. We used framework analysis.Results: Amidst the implementation of the mandatory stay-at-home, many women acknowledged that routine immunization services and antenatal check-ups remained uninterrupted, and were mostly provided at the community level. To prevent transmission, the family members and relatives had restricted visits to the health facility during labor or post-delivery. Women preferred to have a shorter hospital stay post-delivery and reduced routine postnatal check-ups for fear of infection.Conclusion: India has a variety of national and state-level programs focused on improving MCH indicators to achieve the SDGs. COVID-19 inadvertently interrupted some components of health services, insinuating the need for a disaster or pandemic-resilient MCH services delivery system.
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Sahoo KC, Dubey S, Dash GC, Sahoo RK, Sahay MR, Negi S, Mahapatra P, Bhattacharya D, Sahoo B, Pani SP, del Barrio MO, Pati S. A Systematic Review of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene for Urban Poor in Low- and Middle-Income Countries during the COVID-19 Pandemic through a Gendered Lens. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph191911845. [PMID: 36231147 PMCID: PMC9565771 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191911845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) among urban poor women is a major urban policy concern in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). There was a paucity of systematic information on WASH among the urban poor during the pandemic. We reviewed the opportunities and challenges faced by the urban poor in LMICs during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used the PRISMA guidelines to conduct a comprehensive search of 11 databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL, between November 2019 and August 2021. We used thematic analysis to synthesize the qualitative data and meta-analyses to estimate the pooled prevalence. We screened 5008 records, conducted a full-text review of 153 studies, and included 38 studies. The pooled prevalence of shared water points was 0.71 (95% CI 0.37-0.97), non-adherence to hygiene practices was 0.15 (95% CI 0.08-0.24), non-adherence to face masks was 0.27 (95% CI 0.0-0.81), and access to shared community toilets was 0.59 (95% CI 0.11-1.00). Insufficient facilities caused crowding and long waiting times at shared facilities, making physical distancing challenging. Women reported difficulty in maintaining privacy for sanitation, as men were present due to the stay-at-home rule. Due to unaffordability, women reported using cloth instead of sanitary pads and scarves instead of masks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
| | - Shubhankar Dubey
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
| | - Girish Chandra Dash
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Sahoo
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
| | - Mili Roopchand Sahay
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
| | - Sapna Negi
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
| | - Pranab Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Debdutta Bhattacharya
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
| | - Banamber Sahoo
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
| | - Subhada Prasad Pani
- Department of Research and Development, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Puducherry 605007, India
| | - Mariam Otmani del Barrio
- UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
- Correspondence:
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22
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Verma P, Sahoo KC, Mahapatra P, Kaur H, Pati S. A systematic review of community-based studies on mental health issues among tribal populations in India. Indian J Med Res 2022; 156:291-298. [PMID: 36629189 PMCID: PMC10057360 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_3206_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives Globally, mental disorders are rising with increasing urbanization. India has the world's second-largest tribal population and it is critical to appreciate the mental health problems in this population. However, the extent of mental health issues among tribal populations is unknown. Against this background, we systematically reviewed community-based studies on mental health issues among tribal populations in India. Methods Online databases PubMed, Embase, ProQuest databases and Google Scholar were searched and articles published between January 1990 and May 2021 including primary community-based quantitative observational studies focused exclusively on tribal population were retrieved. PRISMA guidelines were followed and this review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020178099). Results A total of 935 articles were identified, of which 63 were selected for full-text review, and finally, 11 studies were included. Seven studies examined alcohol use disorder with a pooled prevalence of 40 per cent. Two studies reported on suicidal attempts. A few studies mentioned anxiety, depression and other mental health conditions. Interpretation & conclusions : This systematic review established that a few community-based primary studies were conducted on mental health issues among tribal populations over the last three decades. Among these, fewer studies focused exclusively on tribal communities. The studies differed in their study design and the tools used. The findings of these investigations highlighted a limited range of mental health issues, primarily alcoholism, anxiety, depression and suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Verma
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Pranab Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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23
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Jena S, Sahoo KC, Modak B, Epari V, Satpathy SK, Kaur H, Pati S. An ethnographic approach to understand cultural perspectives of tribes on branding practice for sick children in Odisha, India. Indian J Med Res 2022; 156:357-363. [PMID: 36629196 PMCID: PMC10057358 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_3205_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives Traditional beliefs on child healthcare at time lead to potentially harmful practices like branding. However, there is a gap in people's perceptions, attitudes and beliefs about branding practice. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to document the cultural motivation, ability and opportunity for branding practice in a tribal district of Odisha, India. Methods Initially, such practices were observed in the tribal community for three months. Then, 18 in-depth interviews were conducted - ten among women having under-five children, and eight among traditional healers. Six focus group discussions were conducted with community health workers as well. The responses were digitally recorded, transcribed and translated and were further used for thematic framework analysis. Results The primary determinants of branding practice were cultural beliefs compounded with low-health literacy, proximity to conventional care and influence of family and friends. The key driver for branding practices was traditional cultural beliefs on child healthcare decisions and health-seeking behaviours. Opportunities in the health system - availability and quality of health services - frequently drive them to seek healthcare from the system structure and routine health communication improves their ability to make better healthcare decisions. Interpretation & conclusions Culture significantly affects the conceptualisation of illness and care-seeking pathways in a society. The indigenous community used to consult local traditional healers for their health concerns. While the government has made efforts to increase community health literacy through various platforms and multiple stakeholders' engagements, the doorstep availability of modern care and health promotion interventions remains critical for meeting the health needs of the indigenous community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubharanjan Jena
- Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences & SUM Hospital, Siksha "O" Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Biswajit Modak
- State Health Systems Resource Centre, National Health Mission, Government of Odisha, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Venkatarao Epari
- Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences & SUM Hospital, Siksha "O" Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar Satpathy
- School of Public Health, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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24
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Sahoo KC, Kanungo S, Mahapatra P, Pati S. Authors' response. Indian J Med Res 2022; 155:511. [PMID: 36348599 PMCID: PMC9807208 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.359152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Regional Resource Hub, Health Technology Assessment in India, Bhubaneswar 751 023, India
| | - Srikanta Kanungo
- Regional Resource Hub, Health Technology Assessment in India, Bhubaneswar 751 023, India
| | - Pranab Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751 024, Odisha, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751 023, India,For correspondence:
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Sahay MR, Dubey S, Sahoo RK, Kanungo S, Sahoo KC, Pati S. Health-Related Challenges and Coping Strategies Among Women During Pandemics: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies. Front Health Serv 2022; 2:847753. [PMID: 36925852 PMCID: PMC10012754 DOI: 10.3389/frhs.2022.847753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Equality and empowerment for women are among the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 5). Although women were confronted with more challenges in various ways during pandemics; however, there is hardly any systematic synthesis of evidence on women's health-related challenges during pandemics. We reviewed the health challenges faced by women during the pandemic. We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL following PRISMA guidelines. We identified 2,831 studies, of which we included 17. Reproductive health, psychosocial health, and gender-based violence emerged as significant challenges. Many studies reported challenges in provisions for routine services and increased anxiety, fear, and stress among women. The findings highlighted that pandemic have a significant impact on women's health. Women must have equal rights and opportunities without discrimination, which requires urgent action to enhance women's rights and to achieve SDGs. Women engagement/involvement in pandemic-related services needs to be explored, which will aid in developing strategies to alleviate vulnerabilities.
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Mahapatra P, Sahoo KC, Desaraju S, Pati S. Coping with COVID-19 pandemic: reflections of older couples living alone in urban Odisha, India. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2021; 22:e64. [PMID: 34728006 PMCID: PMC8569829 DOI: 10.1017/s1463423621000207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM We explored the 'coping reflections' of elderly couples living alone (without any other family members) during the COVID-19 pandemic in urban Odisha, India. BACKGROUND Evidence worldwide suggests that older people are at increased risk from COVID-19 adverse outcomes and experience greater stress. In our previous community-based study urban dwelling, particularly elderly participants, and living alone reported higher pandemic-associated health care challenges than their rural and residing-with-family counterparts. We intended to explore how the elderly couples living alone coped through this challenging yet stressful situation during the COVID-19 pandemic and what were their key strategies adopted toward this. METHODS We conducted telephonic in-depth interviews (IDIs) with 11 urban elderly couples living alone in Bhubaneswar city of Odisha, India using a semi-structured interview guide. All IDIs were digitally recorded, transcribed into the original language, and translated to English. We used a thematic approach for analysis. FINDINGS Four themes emerged: (1) Risk appraisal and feeling vulnerable; (2) Safeguarding against COVID-19; (3) Managing routine health care and emergency; and (4) Pursuing mental and psychological well-being. Although fear, anxiety, and loneliness were continuing stressors, many of them learnt to adapt and emerge resilient with the evolving situation. Various elements at the individual, family, community, and organizational levels were conducive to better coping. The companionship and complementary support of spouse, self-health literacy, and digital efficacy, virtual connectedness with family and friends, availability of community pharmacy and diagnostic services in the vicinity, support of neighbors, reengaging with creative leisure time activity, and assurance of a responsive administration at the time of emergency helped them to cruise through the pandemic. Furthermore, watching the re-telecast of prime time serials made these elderly fondly remember their own youth time memories. Self-health monitoring, indoor physical exercise, spiritual practices, continuation of previous prescription, telephonic advice of physicians were add-on strategies that facilitated their physical and psychological well-being during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranab Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Shyama Desaraju
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Sahoo KC, Dwivedi R, Athe R, Bhattacharya D, Rajsekhar K, Pati S. Stakeholders' Perspective for Improved Universal Newborn Hearing Screening Uptake in Odisha, India. J Trop Pediatr 2021; 67:5905598. [PMID: 32929505 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmaa062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Universal Newborn Hearing Screening (UNHS) is a significant public health initiative as early diagnosis and intervention are critical for children's cognitive development. In India, priority for UNHS has been provided since 2013; however, there are various operational challenges associated with it. There is a lack of multi-stakeholders perspective on UNHS, which is crucial for improving the service intake. Therefore, this study attempted to understand the perspective of various stakeholders to explore the practices, processes and technologies used in the existing UNHS landscape in Odisha, India. The qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted among various stakeholders including 15 mothers, 5 service providers (audiologists), 10 districts and state-level programme managers. Data were analysed using content analysis approaches. Two major themes emerged were 'social-shaping of technology for UNHS' and 'mothers' understanding and experience on UNHS'. Employee retention, equipment limitations, facilities maintenance and little knowledge among mothers about hearing screening have been described as major operational challenges. The study revealed that to increase universal coverage 'screening technology should be socially shaped'. There seems to be a need for 'portable technology with ease to use and better diagnostic accuracy' for first-stage screening at various levels of healthcare facilities along with community literacy on UNHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), Regional Resource Hub, Department of Health Research, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Rinshu Dwivedi
- Department of Science and Humanities, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620015, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramesh Athe
- Department of Humanities and Science, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Dharwad 580029, Karnataka, India
| | - Debdutta Bhattacharya
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), Regional Resource Hub, Department of Health Research, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Kavitha Rajsekhar
- Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), Regional Resource Hub, Department of Health Research, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India
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Sahoo KC, Negi S, Patel K, Mishra BK, Palo SK, Pati S. Challenges in Maternal and Child Health Services Delivery and Access during Pandemics or Public Health Disasters in Low-and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:828. [PMID: 34209238 PMCID: PMC8306470 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9070828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal and child health (MCH) has been a global priority for many decades and is an essential public health service. Ensuring seamless delivery is vital for desirable MCH outcomes. This systematic review outlined the challenges in accessing and continuing MCH services during public health emergencies-pandemics and disasters. A comprehensive search approach was built based on keywords and MeSH terms relevant to 'MCH services' and 'pandemics/disasters'. The online repositories Medline, CINAHL, Psyc INFO, and Epistemonikos were searched for studies. We included twenty studies-seven were on the Ebola outbreak, two on the Zika virus, five related to COVID-19, five on disasters, and one related to conflict situations. The findings indicate the potential impact of emergencies on MCH services. Low utilization and access to services have been described as common challenges. The unavailability of personal safety equipment and fear of infection were primary factors that affected service delivery. The available evidence, though limited, indicates the significant effect of disasters and pandemics on MCH. However, more primary in-depth studies are needed to understand better the overall impact of emergencies, especially the COVID-19 pandemic, on MCH. Our synthesis offers valuable insights to policymakers on ensuring the uninterrupted provision of MCH services during an emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar 751023, India; (K.C.S.); (S.N.); (K.P.); (B.K.M.); (S.K.P.)
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Halder N, Sahoo KC, Gourav K, Usharani D, Rath H. Perimeter Coordinated Diastereomeric Rh(I) Complex of Helically Twisted Weakly Aromatic Hybrid Singly N-Confused β-β Fused Ferrocenoporphyrinoids. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8015-8026. [PMID: 34096714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Expedient synthesis, spectroscopic, solid state structural proof, and theoretical study of helically twisted weakly aromatic hybrid singly N-confused ferrocenoporphyrinoids and the peripheral coordinated Rh(I) complex are reported. The X-ray crystal structure of the macrocycles reveals an ambiguously inverted pyrrole ring reinforcing regioselective β,β-linkage with the spatially adjacent N-confused N-methyl pyrrole ring leading to endocyclic extension of macrocyclic π-conjugation via tricyclic [5.5.5] moiety. The three-dimensional structure with built-in fused tricyclic [5.5.5] moiety has paved way to three-dimensional weak diatropicity with vis-NIR absorptions. The peripheral coordinated Rh(I) complex owing to helical chirality about the macrocyclic ring and planar chirality about the square planar Rh coordination site exists as a mixture of diastereomers (5:3) with well resolved 1H NMR spectra anticipating weak aromaticity. The experimental spectroscopic measurements are in agreement with theoretically determined electronic structure and properties strongly elucidating sustained weak diatropic ring currents in twisted macrocycles both in neutral form and in the metalated complex. Further fragment molecular orbital approach and molecular orbital theory gave insights on the stability of N-confused β-β fused oxo-ferrocenoporphyrinoids and formation of the selective peripheral coordinated Rh(I) complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyancy Halder
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Kumar Gourav
- Department of Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570020, Karnataka, India
| | - Dandamudi Usharani
- Department of Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570020, Karnataka, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Harapriya Rath
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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Sahoo KC, Negi S, Dash GC, Sahoo RK, Kshatri JS, Panda S, Pattanaik M, Badaik G, Pati S, Bhattacharya D. Health system preparedness & community participation in Japanese encephalitis/acute encephalitis syndrome (JE/AES) prevention in a tribal district of Odisha, India. Indian J Med Res 2021; 153:388-393. [PMID: 33907003 PMCID: PMC8204823 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_645_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Objectives Japanese encephalitis/acute encephalitis syndrome (JE/AES) is one of the major zoonotic arbodiseases that has a significant effect on human and animal health. Though many studies have been published on the epidemiology and transmission mechanisms of JE/AES, but there is little evidence on health system preparedness, including community-based engagement. This study was undertaken to explore a multi-stakeholder perspective on health system preparedness for the prevention of JE/AES in a tribal district of Odisha, India. Methods This study was conducted at Malkangiri district of Odisha. A total of nine focus group discussions (FGDs) among women having under-five children, community volunteers, and community health workers (CHWs), and 20 in-depth-interviews (IDIs) among community leaders, healthcare providers, and programme managers were conducted. The FGDs and IDIs were digitally recorded, transcribed, translated and analysed using content analysis approach. Results Health system preparedness for the prevention of JE/AES was improved, including effective vector management, implementation of the surveillance system, and vaccination programme. The JE vaccine was introduced under Universal Immunization Programme in Odisha in 2016. Behavioural Change Communication activities were provided with the support of community volunteers on Village Health Nutrition and Sanitation Day (VHNSD) under Gaon Kalyan Samiti (GKS) platforms. The CHWs were actively involved in vector management and raising sanitation and hygiene awareness. Interpretation & conclusions Community participation and coordination between different stakeholders have a significant impact on the successful implementation of the programme. It was suggested that there was a need for a sustainability approach to active participation, orientation and capacity building training among CHWs and community volunteers to successfully implement the programme.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sapna Negi
- Department of Microbiology and One Health, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Girish Chandra Dash
- HTA Regional Hub, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Sahoo
- HTA Regional Hub, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Jaya Singh Kshatri
- Department of Microbiology and One Health, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sheetal Panda
- Department of Microbiology and One Health, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Matrujyoti Pattanaik
- Department of Microbiology and One Health, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Goldi Badaik
- Department of Microbiology and One Health, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- HTA Regional Hub; Department of Microbiology and One Health, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Debdutta Bhattacharya
- Department of Microbiology and One Health, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Pati S, Pati S, van den Akker M, Schellevis FG, Sahoo KC, Burgers JS. Managing diabetes mellitus with comorbidities in primary healthcare facilities in urban settings: a qualitative study among physicians in Odisha, India. BMC Fam Pract 2021; 22:99. [PMID: 34022811 PMCID: PMC8141170 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-021-01454-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aim To explore the perceived barriers and facilitators in the management of the patients having diabetes with comorbidities by primary care physicians. Methods A qualitative In-Depth Interview study was conducted among the primary care physicians at seventeen urban primary health care centres at Bhubaneswar city of Odisha, India. The digitally recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and translated into English. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results Barriers related to physicians, patients and health system were identified. Physicians felt lack of necessary knowledge and skills, communication skills and overburdening due to multiple responsibilities to be major barriers to quality care. Patients’ attitude and beliefs along with socio-economic status played an important role in treatment adherence and in the management of their disease conditions. Poor infrastructure, irregular medicine supply, and shortage of skilled allied health professionals were also found to be barriers to optimal care delivery, as was the lack of electronic medical records and personal treatment records. Conclusion Comprehensive guidelines with on the job training for capacity building of the physicians and creation of multidisciplinary teams at primary care level for a more holistic approach towards management of diabetes with comorbidities could be the way forward to optimal delivery of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipana Pati
- Centre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India. .,Indian Institute of Public Health Bhubaneswar (PHFI), Plot No. 267/3408, Jaydev Vihar, Mayfair Lagoon Road, Bhubaneswar-751013, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Marjan van den Akker
- Institute of General Practice, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Family Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Academic Centre of General Practice, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - F G Schellevis
- Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers Location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,NIVEL (Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Jako S Burgers
- Department of Family Medicine, School CAPRI, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Dutch College of General Practitioners, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Mahapatra P, Pati S, Sahoo KC. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy among tribal women in India: Need for a concerted action. Indian J Psychiatry 2021; 63:312-313. [PMID: 34211235 PMCID: PMC8221216 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_11_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pranab Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. E-mail:
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. E-mail:
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Pati S, Mahapatra P, Dwivedi R, Athe R, Sahoo KC, Samal M, Das RC, Hussain MA. Multimorbidity and Its Outcomes Among Patients Attending Psychiatric Care Settings: An Observational Study From Odisha, India. Front Public Health 2021; 8:616480. [PMID: 33968863 PMCID: PMC8096979 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.616480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Multimorbidity, the presence of two or more chronic health conditions is linked to premature mortality among psychiatric patients since the presence of one can further complicate the management of either. Little research has focused on the magnitude and effect of multimorbidity among psychiatric patients in low-and middle-income settings. Our study, provides the first ever data on multimorbidity and its outcomes among patients attending psychiatric clinics in Odisha, India. It further explored whether multimorbidity was associated with higher medical expenditure and the interaction effect of psychiatric illness on this association. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 500 adult patients presenting to the psychiatric clinic of a medical college hospital in Odisha over a period of 6 months (February 2019–July 2019). A validated structured questionnaire, “multimorbidity assessment questionnaire for psychiatric care” (MAQ-PsyC) was used for data collection. We used multinomial logistic model for the effect estimation. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for high healthcare utilization and expenditure were calculated by number and pattern of multimorbidity. Data was analyzed by STATA 14. Results: Half (50%) of the psychiatric outpatients had multimorbidity. The relative probabilities of having one additional condition were 5.3 times (RRR = 5.3; 95% CI: 2.3, 11.9) and multiple morbidities were 6.6 times (RRR = 6.6; 95%CI: 3.3, 13.1) higher for patients in 60+ age group. Healthcare utilization i.e., medication use and physician consultation was significantly higher for psychiatric conditions such as mood disorders, schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders, and for hypertension, cancer, diabetes, among somatic conditions. Out of pocket expenditure (OOPE) was found to be highest for laboratory investigations, followed by medicines and transport expenditure. Within psychiatric conditions, mood disorders incurred highest OOPE ($93.43) while hypertension was the most leading for OOPE in physical morbidities ($93.43). Psychiatric illnesses had a significant interaction effect on the association between multimorbidity and high medical expenditure (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Multimorbidity is highly prevalent in psychiatric patients associated with significantly high healthcare utilization and medical expenditure. Such disproportionate effect of psychiatric multimorbidity on healthcare cost and use insinuates the need for stronger financial protection and tailor-made clinical decision making for these vulnerable patient subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghamitra Pati
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Pranab Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Rinshu Dwivedi
- Department of Humanities and Science (Economics), Indian Institute of Information Technology, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Ramesh Athe
- Department of Humanities and Science (Mathematics), Indian Institute of Information Technology, Dharwad, India
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Mousumi Samal
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Ram Chandra Das
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, Bhubaneswar, India
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Kalyanasundaram M, Sabde Y, Annerstedt KS, Singh S, Sahoo KC, Parashar V, Purohit M, Pathak A, Lundborg CS, Rousta K, Bolton K, Atkins S, Diwan V. Effects of improved information and volunteer support on segregation of solid waste at the household level in urban settings in Madhya Pradesh, India (I-MISS): protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:694. [PMID: 33836723 PMCID: PMC8033734 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10693-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Segregation of household waste at the source is an effective and sustainable strategy for management of municipal waste. However, household segregation levels remain insufficient as waste management approaches are mostly top down and lack local support. The realisation and recognition of effective, improved and adequate waste management may be one of the vital drivers for attaining environmental protection and improved health and well-being. The presence of a local level motivator may promote household waste segregation and ultimately pro-environmental behaviour. The present cluster randomized control trial aims to understand if volunteer based information on waste segregation (I-MISS) can effectively promote increased waste segregation practices at the household level when compared with existing routine waste segregation information in an urban Indian setting. Methods This paper describes the protocol of an 18 month two-group parallel,cluster randomised controlled trialin the urban setting of Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India. Randomization will be conducted at ward level, which is the last administrative unit of the municipality. The study will recruit 425 households in intervention and control groups. Assessments will be performed at baseline (0 months), midline (6 months), end line (12 months) and post intervention (18 months). The primary outcome will be the comparison of change in proportion of households practicing waste segregation and change in proportion of mis-sorted waste across the study period between the intervention and control groups as assessed by pick analysis. Intention to treat analysis will be conducted. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. Discussion The present study is designed to study whether an external motivator, a volunteer selected from the participating community and empowered with adequate training, could disseminate waste segregation information to their community, thus promoting household waste segregation and ultimately pro-environmental behaviour. The study envisages that the volunteers could link waste management service providers and the community, give a local perspective to waste management, and help to change community habits through information, constant communication and feedback. Trial registration The study is registered prospectively with Indian Council of Medical Research- Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2020/03/024278).
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhanraj Kalyanasundaram
- Division of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, ICMR - National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462 030, India
| | - Yogesh Sabde
- Division of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, ICMR - National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462 030, India
| | | | - Surya Singh
- Division of Environmental Monitoring and Exposure Assessment (Water & Soil), ICMR - National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462 030, India
| | | | - Vivek Parashar
- Department of Public Health and Environment, RD Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, 456006, India
| | - Manju Purohit
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Pathology, RD Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, 456006, India
| | - Ashish Pathak
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Paediatrics, RD Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, 456006, India.,Department of Women and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health Unit, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Kamran Rousta
- Department of Resource Recovery and Building Technology, University of Boras, 50190, Boras, Sweden
| | - Kim Bolton
- Department of Resource Recovery and Building Technology, University of Boras, 50190, Boras, Sweden
| | - Salla Atkins
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,New Social Research and Global Health and Development, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 330 14, Tampere, FI, Finland
| | - Vishal Diwan
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Division of Environmental Monitoring and Exposure Assessment (Water & Soil), ICMR - National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462 030, India.
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Pati S, Mahapatra P, Kanungo S, Uddin A, Sahoo KC. Managing Multimorbidity (Multiple Chronic Diseases) Amid COVID-19 Pandemic: A Community Based Study From Odisha, India. Front Public Health 2021; 8:584408. [PMID: 33598442 PMCID: PMC7882709 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.584408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While most of the studies to date demonstrate the deleterious effect of multiple chronic diseases on COVID-19 risk and outcome, there is sparse information available on the effect of the pandemic on multimorbidity management, with no reports yet from India. We sought to explore the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on routine and emergency care for multimorbidity among community-dwelling adults in Odisha, India. A community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken pandemic lockdown, in Khurda district of Odisha, India. Around 600 individuals having at least one chronic disease residing in rural, urban residential and slums were interviewed using a specifically developed questionnaire MAQ COVID-19. The association of socio-demographic characteristics and multimorbidity with pandemic-related care challenges was examined by multiple logistic regression. Principal Component Analysis was employed to minimize the dimensionality of factors related to multimorbidity care. Multimorbidity was highly prevalent in younger age group (46-60 years) with cardio-metabolic clusters being dominant. Individuals with multimorbidity experienced significantly higher care challenges than those with single condition (AOR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.01-2.05) with notable disruption in treatment and routine check-up. Most frequently cited concerns were-physician consultation (43%), diagnostic-services (26%), transport (33%), and mobility restrictions (21%). Multivariate analysis revealed older adults living alone in urban residence to have higher challenges than their rural counterparts. Patient activation for self-care, multimorbidity literacy, and technology-enabled tele-consultation could be explored as potential interventions. Future studies should qualitatively explore the challenges of physicians as well as garner an in-depth understanding of multimorbidity management in the vulnerable subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghamitra Pati
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Pranab Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Srikanta Kanungo
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Azhar Uddin
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, India
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Mahapatra P, Sahoo KC, Jitendriya P, Samal M, Pati S. Qualitative research methods in psychiatry in India: Landscaping the terrain. Indian J Psychiatry 2021; 63:5-14. [PMID: 34083815 PMCID: PMC8106435 DOI: 10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_665_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Qualitative research methods (QRMs) bear a critical role in psychiatry as they explore the phenomenology of psychiatric illness and its sociocultural dimensions. However, there is limited evidence regarding its use in psychiatric research in India. AIM This study, under the aegis of mapping qualitative health research in India initiative, attempted to landscape the use of QRMs in psychiatry and elicited expert opinion on its potential, perceived quality, and scope for improvement. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed studies using qualitative methodology published in the Indian Journal of Psychiatry (IJP) and the abstracts presented at the Annual Conference of the Indian Psychiatric Society (ANCIPS) between 2010 and 2019. Titles and abstracts were screened and shortlisted; full-text articles were checked to identify the relevant ones. In addition, ten experts comprising psychiatry journal reviewers, editors, and conference scientific committee members were interviewed to elicit their views and suggestions. RESULTS Out of 356 papers published in IJP between 2010 and 2019, only 12 papers used QRMs: five qualitative and seven mixed methods. Out of 2297 abstracts published between 2010 and 2019 in ANCIPS, only 28 had used QRMs, consisting of 20 qualitative and eight mixed methods. The findings reveal that qualitative research is still an understudied domain in Indian psychiatry with a substantial need for rigor and quality. CONCLUSIONS To catalyze the use of qualitative research in Indian psychiatry, continuing medical education programs through workshops or webinar mode need to be imparted. These trainings should aim at building skills on qualitative study design, data collection, analysis, and writing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranab Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pritam Jitendriya
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mousumi Samal
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Sahoo KC, Kanungo S, Mahapatra P, Pati S. Non-communicable diseases care during COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed-method study in Khurda district of Odisha, India. Indian J Med Res 2021; 153:649-657. [PMID: 34380806 PMCID: PMC8555599 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.323435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES During any public health emergency, a need-based national non-communicable diseases (NCD) preparedness plan is essential. People living with NCDs could face challenges owing to restricted mobility, low access to medical care and suboptimal logistics during the pandemic. The present study explored the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on NCD care in a district of Odisha State of India. METHODS This study was carried out during May-June 2020 in the Khurda district of Odisha. A community-based explanatory mixed-method study was followed. Data collection comprised 12 in-depth interviews and 491 structured interviews using Likert-questionnaire with individuals having at least one NCD. Mantel-Haenszel's Chi-square test was used to assess the difference in the effect of COVID-19 on the routine NCD care. Qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis. RESULTS Findings revealed that nearly two-thirds of participants encountered challenges in their routine investigation (69%), day-care procedures (67%) and reaching hospital (61%). Around half of them reported having trouble in doctor appointments (59%), emergency treatment (56%), access to the pharmacy (47%) and delay in healthcare (46%). Thirty seven per cent perceived that they could not access care because of social restriction/lockdown, 29 per cent attributed arranging finance as a constraint to visiting hospitals and 16 per cent avoided going to the hospital, fearing COVID-19 infection. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that people with chronic NCDs faced multiple challenges in accessing health care during the pandemic. A cohesive doctor-pharmacy-patient engagement is vital for managing NCD care during a pandemic. During emergencies, changes in dispensing practices and service provision closer to the patients are crucial. Additionally, health literacy and home-based NCD management should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Regional Resource Hub, Health Technology Assessment in India, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Srikanta Kanungo
- Regional Resource Hub, Health Technology Assessment in India, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pranab Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India,For correspondence: Dr Sanghamitra Pati, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751 023, Odisha, India e-mail:
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Sahoo KC, Negi S, Barla D, Badaik G, Sahoo S, Bal M, Padhi AK, Pati S, Bhattacharya D. The Landscape of Anthrax Prevention and Control: Stakeholders' Perceptive in Odisha, India. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E3094. [PMID: 32365539 PMCID: PMC7246808 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence and outbreaks of anthrax are interlinked with the animal-environment-human context, which signifies the need for collaborative, trans-disciplinary and multi-sectoral approaches for the prevention and control of anthrax. In India, there are hardly any shreds of evidence on the role of various stakeholders' on anthrax prevention and control. Therefore, this study addressed the experiences of various stakeholders on anthrax prevention and control strategies in Odisha, India. A qualitative explorative study was carried out using 42 in-depth-interviews among the stakeholders from health, veterinary and general administrative departments from the block, district, and state level. Two major themes emerged: (1) Epidemiological investigation of anthrax in Odisha, India, and (2) Biological and social prevention strategies for anthrax in Odisha, India. The study emphasizes setting up the surveillance system as per standard guideline, and strengthening the diagnostic facility at a regional medical college laboratory to avoid delay. Moreover, it emphasizes step-up inter-sectoral co-ordination, collaboration and sensitization among health, veterinary, forestry, education, nutrition and tribal welfare departments at all levels in order to reduce the prevalence and control the outbreaks of anthrax in Odisha state. It also recommends raising community literacy, in particular on safe carcass disposal, changing behavior on dead-livestock consumption, and compliance with livestock vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India; (K.C.S.); (S.N.); (D.B.); (G.B.); (S.S.); (M.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Sapna Negi
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India; (K.C.S.); (S.N.); (D.B.); (G.B.); (S.S.); (M.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Deepika Barla
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India; (K.C.S.); (S.N.); (D.B.); (G.B.); (S.S.); (M.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Goldi Badaik
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India; (K.C.S.); (S.N.); (D.B.); (G.B.); (S.S.); (M.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Sunita Sahoo
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India; (K.C.S.); (S.N.); (D.B.); (G.B.); (S.S.); (M.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Madhusmita Bal
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India; (K.C.S.); (S.N.); (D.B.); (G.B.); (S.S.); (M.B.); (S.P.)
| | | | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India; (K.C.S.); (S.N.); (D.B.); (G.B.); (S.S.); (M.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Debdutta Bhattacharya
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India; (K.C.S.); (S.N.); (D.B.); (G.B.); (S.S.); (M.B.); (S.P.)
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Samal M, Sahoo KC, Pati S, Tripathy SR, Parida MK, Das BK. Use of Animal and Animal Products for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment: An Explorative Study in Odisha, India. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 6:323. [PMID: 31993436 PMCID: PMC6970967 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fatigue, pain, deformity, and disability, are the major concerns for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The extreme pain experienced by the patients often force them to experiment with various indigenous substances including animals and animal products. However, there is little evidence on the use of animals or animal products as traditional medicine in RA. Hence, this study was aimed to explore the experience and perception of patients toward the use of animals and animal products for the treatment of RA. A qualitative, explorative study was conducted at the out-patient-department of Rheumatology of a tertiary care medical college and hospital at Cuttack, Odisha, India. Out of 113 patients with RA, 18 patients gave history of use of animal and/or animal products and were selected for in-depth interviews. The content analysis methods were used for data analysis. Four major categories emerged: (1) prevailing patterns of traditional treatment of RA using animals, (2) beliefs and values behind the traditional treatment of RA, (3) sources and traditional learning pathway of indigenous practices on RA, and (4) ethical aspects of the indigenous practice of using animals and/or animal products in the treatment of RA. This study revealed the practice of eating dead animals to get relief from RA. However, there was hardly any perceived positive outcome of the practice; which indicates the lack of awareness of rational, scientific, treatment, and prevalence of irrational and unethical practices for the treatment of RA. Hence, community awareness, social mobilization, and newer screening tools are necessary to improve the timely detection and prevention of irrational treatment practices among RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousumi Samal
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Saumya Ranjan Tripathy
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Parida
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, India
| | - Bidyut Kumar Das
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, India
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Mohanty NK, Sahoo KC, Pati S, Sahu AK, Mohanty R. Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in Cuttack District of Odisha, India. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17020456. [PMID: 31936746 PMCID: PMC7014305 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17020456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is one of the major health challenges in India. Cuttack district of the Odisha state of India is regarded as a hotspot for chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there is limited information on true prevalence. This study estimates the prevalence of CKD in the Narsinghpur block of Cuttack district, Odisha. A cross-sectional study was conducted among population members aged 20-60 years. Using a multi-stage cluster sampling. 24 villages were randomly selected for mass screening for CKD. Blood samples were collected and glomerulus filtration rates were calculated. It was found that among the 2978 people screened, 14.3% were diagnosed with CKD and 10.8% were diagnosed with CKD without either diabetes or hypertension. In one-third of the sampled villages, about 20% population was diagnosed with CKD. The prevalence was higher among males (57%), in the population below 50 years of age (54%), lower socioeconomic groups (70%), and agricultural occupational groups (48%). Groundwater tube wells (49%) and wells (41%) were the main drinking water sources for CKD patients. This study highlights the need for detection of unknown etiologies of CKD and public health interventions for the prevention of CKD in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisith Kumar Mohanty
- Utkal Kidney Foundation, Apollo Hospitals, Bhubaneswar 751005, Odisha, India; (N.K.M.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-83-2892-0344
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India;
| | - Asish K. Sahu
- Utkal Kidney Foundation, Apollo Hospitals, Bhubaneswar 751005, Odisha, India; (N.K.M.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Reena Mohanty
- Capital Hospital, Bhubaneswar 751001, Odisha, India;
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Tamhankar AJ, Nachimuthu R, Singh R, Harindran J, Meghwanshi GK, Kannan R, Senthil Kumar N, Negi V, Jacob L, Bhattacharyya S, Sahoo KC, Mahadik VK, Diwan V, Sharma M, Pathak A, Khedkar SU, Avhad D, Saxena S, Nerkar S, Venu V, Kumar S, Shandeepan G, Ranjit Singh K, Gashnga R, Kumar A. Characteristics of a Nationwide Voluntary Antibiotic Resistance Awareness Campaign in India; Future Paths and Pointers for Resource Limited Settings/Low and Middle Income Countries. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16245141. [PMID: 31888272 PMCID: PMC6950494 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16245141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has reached alarming proportions globally, prompting the World Health Organization to advise nations to take up antibiotic awareness campaigns. Several campaigns have been taken up worldwide, mostly by governments. The government of India asked manufacturers to append a ‘redline’ to packages of antibiotics as identification marks and conducted a campaign to inform the general public about it and appropriate antibiotic use. We investigated whether an antibiotic resistance awareness campaign could be organized voluntarily in India and determined the characteristics of the voluntarily organized campaign by administering a questionnaire to the coordinators, who participated in organizing the voluntary campaign India. The campaign characteristics were: multiple electro–physical pedagogical and participatory techniques were used, 49 physical events were organized in various parts of India that included lectures, posters, booklet/pamphlet distribution, audio and video messages, competitions, and mass contact rallies along with broadcast of messages in 11 local languages using community radio stations (CRS) spread all over India. The median values for campaign events were: expenditure—3000 Indian Rupees/day (US$~47), time for planning—1 day, program spread—4 days, program time—4 h, direct and indirect reach of the message—respectively 250 and 500 persons/event. A 2 min play entitled ‘Take antibiotics as prescribed by the doctor’ was broadcast 10 times/day for 5 days on CRS with listener reach of ~5 million persons. More than 85%ofcoordinators thought that the campaign created adequate awareness about appropriate antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance. The voluntary campaign has implications for resource limited settings/low and middle income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok J. Tamhankar
- Indian Initiative for Management of Antibiotic Resistance, 302, Aryans, Deonar, Mumbai 400088, India
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (V.D.); (M.S.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +91-2225573179 or +91-9892465195
| | - Ramesh Nachimuthu
- Indian Initiative for Management of Antibiotic Resistance, Antibiotic Resistance and Phage Laboratory, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India;
| | - Ravikant Singh
- Chief Functionary’s Office, Doctors For You, Lallubhai Compound, Mankhurd, Mumbai 400 043, India;
| | - Jyoti Harindran
- Departmentof Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre for Professional and Advanced Studies, Cheruvandoor Campus, Ettumanoor, Kottayam, Kerala 686631, India;
| | - Gautam Kumar Meghwanshi
- Department of Microbiology, Maharaja Ganga Singh University, NH-15, Jaisalmer Road, Bikaner, Rajasthan 334 001, India;
| | - Rajesh Kannan
- Department of Microbiology, Bharathidhasan University, Thiruchirapalli, Tamilnadu 620024, India;
| | | | - Vikrant Negi
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342 001, India;
| | - Lijy Jacob
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Berchmans College, Changanassery, Kerala 686101, India;
| | - Sayan Bhattacharyya
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar 801507, India;
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Department of Health Research, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India;
| | - Vijay Kumar Mahadik
- Department of Public Health and Environment, R.D Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, Madhya Preadesh 456006, India;
| | - Vishal Diwan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (V.D.); (M.S.); (A.P.)
- Medical Director’s office, Department of Public Health and Environment, R.D Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, Madhya Preadesh 456006, India
| | - Megha Sharma
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (V.D.); (M.S.); (A.P.)
- Department of Pharmacology, R.D Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, Madhya Preadesh 456006, India
| | - Ashish Pathak
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (V.D.); (M.S.); (A.P.)
- Department of Paediatrics, R.D Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, Madhya Preadesh 456006, India
| | - Smita U. Khedkar
- Bactest Laboratory and Dental College, Nashik, Maharashtra 422 005, India;
| | - Dnyaneshwar Avhad
- School of Health Systems Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai 400088, India;
| | - Sonal Saxena
- Department of Microbiology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi 110 001, India;
| | - Sandeep Nerkar
- Chetana Laboratories, Nashik, Maharashtra 422009, India;
| | - Vaishali Venu
- Director-Health services’ offce, Doctors For You, Lallubhai Compound, Mankhurd, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400043, India;
| | | | - G. Shandeepan
- Doctors For You, Bandipore, Jammu and Kashmir 193502, India;
| | | | - Ridiamma Gashnga
- Doctors For You, Laitumkhrah Nongrim Road, Shillong, Meghalaya 793003, India;
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Doctors For You, A-58, Plot no. 7, Block A extension, Budh Vihar, Delhi, Budh Vihar, Delhi 110086, India;
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Sahoo KC, Kumaraswami MS, Usharani D, Rath H. Conformationally Rigid Ethynylene-Cumulene Conjugated Aromatic [30] Heteroannulenes with NIR Absorption: Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Theoretical Characterization. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5203-5212. [PMID: 30932494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two hitherto unknown conformationally rigid Hückel aromatic ethynylene-cumulene conjugated [30] heteroannulenes have been synthesized and characterized. A thorough solution-state spectroscopic characterization, combined with in-depth theoretical calculations, has been performed to arrive at the proposed geometry of the macrocycles. The most stable optimized structures for the free base form of both the macrocycles showed absolute planar geometries without any ring inversion with mean plane deviation (MPD) values of 0.00 and 0.00 Å, respectively, in accordance with the NMR spectroscopic observations. The induced correspondence of rigid ethynylene-cumulene moieties leading to near-infrared (NIR) absorption in neutral and protonated forms of macrocycles is the important highlight of this article. This noteworthy finding has been supported by DFT-level theoretical calculations. There is an increasing pursuit in designing such NIR-absorbing/-emitting systems due to their immense applications in medicine and biology for recognizing and transportation of various substrates. The geometry of the novel 30π aromatic heteroannulenes shows promise for evolution of such novel systems in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Meenakshi S Kumaraswami
- Department of Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory , CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute , Mysuru 700020 , Karnataka , India
| | - Dandamudi Usharani
- Department of Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory , CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute , Mysuru 700020 , Karnataka , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC , Ghaziabad 201002 , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Harapriya Rath
- School of Chemical Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
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Dutta A, Pattanaik S, Choudhury R, Nanda P, Sahu S, Panigrahi R, Padhi BK, Sahoo KC, Mishra PR, Panigrahi P, Lekharu D, Stevens RH. Impact of involvement of non-formal health providers on TB case notification among migrant slum-dwelling populations in Odisha, India. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196067. [PMID: 29791449 PMCID: PMC5965830 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migrant labourers living in the slums of urban and industrial patches across India make up a key sub-population so far controlling Tuberculosis (TB) in the country is concerned. This is because many TB patients from these communities- remain under reached by the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) of India. This marginalized community usually seeks early-stage healthcare from "friendly neighbourhood" non-formal health providers (NFHPs). Because, RNTCP has limited capacity to involve the NFHPs, an implementation research project was conceived, whereby an external partner would engage with the NFHPs to enable them to identify early TB symptomatics from this key sub-population who would be then tested using Xpert MTB/RIF technology. Diagnosed TB cases among them would be referred promptly to RNTCP for treatment. This paper aimed to describe the project and its impact. METHODS Adopting a quasi-experimental before-after design, four RNTCP units from two major urban-industrial areas of Odisha were selected for intervention, which spanned five quarters and covered 151,400 people, of which 30% were slum-dwelling migrants. Two similar units comprised the control population. The hypothesis was, reaching the under reached in the intervention area through NFHPs would increase TB notification from these traditionally under-notifying units. RNTCP notification data during intervention was compared with pre-intervention era, adjusted for contemporaneous changes in control population. RESULTS The project detected 488 Xpert+ TB cases, of whom 466 were administered RNTCP treatment. This translated into notification of additional 198 new bacteriologically positive cases to RNTCP, a 30% notification surge, after adjustment for 2% decline in control. This meant an average quarterly increase in notification of 41.20(20.08, 62.31; p<0.001) cases. The increase was immediate, evident from the rise in level in the time series analysis by 50.42(10.28, 90.55; p = 0.02) cases. CONCLUSION Engagement with NFHPs contributed to an increase in TB notification to RNTCP from key under reached, slum-dwelling migrant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambarish Dutta
- Asian Institute of Public Health, Bhubaneswar, India
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | - Pritish Nanda
- Asian Institute of Public Health, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | | | | | | | - P. R. Mishra
- Asian Institute of Public Health, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Pinaki Panigrahi
- University of Nebraska Medical Centre, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
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Das SK, Ghosh A, Paul Chowdhuri S, Halder N, Rehman I, Sengupta S, Sahoo KC, Rath H, Das BB. Neutral Porphyrin Derivative Exerts Anticancer Activity by Targeting Cellular Topoisomerase I (Top1) and Promotes Apoptotic Cell Death without Stabilizing Top1-DNA Cleavage Complexes. J Med Chem 2018; 61:804-817. [PMID: 29290109 PMCID: PMC5808360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Camptothecin (CPT) selectively traps
topoisomerase 1-DNA cleavable
complexes (Top1cc) to promote anticancer activity. Here, we report
the design and synthesis of a new class of neutral porphyrin derivative
5,10-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-15, 20-bis(4-dimethylaminophenyl)porphyrin
(compound 8) as a potent catalytic inhibitor of human
Top1. In contrast to CPT, compound 8 reversibly binds
with the free enzyme and inhibits the formation of Top1cc and promotes
reversal of the preformed Top1cc with CPT. Compound 8 induced inhibition of Top1cc formation in live cells was substantiated
by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) assays. We established
that MCF7 cells treated with compound 8 trigger proteasome-mediated
Top1 degradation, accumulate higher levels of reactive oxygen species
(ROS), PARP1 cleavage, oxidative DNA fragmentation, and stimulate
apoptotic cell death without stabilizing apoptotic Top1-DNA cleavage
complexes. Finally, compound 8 shows anticancer activity
by targeting cellular Top1 and preventing the enzyme from directly
participating in the apoptotic process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Souvik Sengupta
- Division of Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Ahmedabad University , Central Campus, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
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Sahoo KC, Majewski MA, Stępień M, Rath H. Ethynylene-linked Figure-Eight Octaphyrin(1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1): Synthesis and Characterization of Its Two Oxidation States. J Org Chem 2017; 82:8317-8322. [PMID: 28699759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An octaphyrin(1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1) containing two conjugated ethynylene bridges has been synthesized and characterized. The macrocycle reveals complex conformational dynamics dependent on its protonation and oxidation state. The [40]annulenoid macrocycle and its [38]annulenoid oxidized form display residual macrocyclic ring currents. In spite of its low apparent aromaticity the new octaphyrin is a potent chromophore with a vis-NIR absorption profile strongly influenced by the redox and acid-base chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Marcin A Majewski
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Harapriya Rath
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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Pradhan A, Anasuya A, Pradhan MM, AK K, Kar P, Sahoo KC, Panigrahi P, Dutta A. Trends in Malaria in Odisha, India-An Analysis of the 2003-2013 Time-Series Data from the National Vector Borne Disease Control Program. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149126. [PMID: 26866696 PMCID: PMC4750863 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although Odisha is the largest contributor to the malaria burden in India, no systematic study has examined its malaria trends. Hence, the spatio-temporal trends in malaria in Odisha were assessed against the backdrop of the various anti-malaria strategies implemented in the state. Methods Using the district-wise malaria incidence and blood examination data (2003–2013) from the National Vector Borne Disease Control Program, blood examination-adjusted time-trends in malaria incidence were estimated and predicted for 2003–2013 and 2014–2016, respectively. An interrupted time series analysis using segmented regression was conducted to compare the disease trends between the pre (2003–2007) and post-intensification (2009–2013) periods. Key-informant interviews of state stakeholders were used to collect the information on the various anti-malaria strategies adopted in the state. Results The state annual malaria incidence declined from 10.82/1000 to 5.28/1000 during 2003–2013 (adjusted annual decline: -0.54/1000, 95% CI: -0.78 to -0.30). However, the annual blood examination rate remained almost unchanged from 11.25% to 11.77%. The keyinformants revealed that intensification of anti-malaria activities in 2008 led to a more rapid decline in malaria incidence during 2009–2013 as compared to that in 2003–2007 [adjusted decline: -0.83 (-1.30 to -0.37) and -0.27 (-0.41 to -0.13), respectively]. There was a significant difference in the two temporal slopes, i.e., -0.054 (-0.10 to -0.002, p = 0.04) per 1000 population per month, between these two periods, indicating almost a 200% greater decline in the post-intensification period. Although, the seven southern high-burden districts registered the highest decline, they continued to remain in that zone, thereby, making the achievement of malaria elimination (incidence <1/1000) unlikely by 2017. Conclusion The anti-malaria strategies in Odisha, especially their intensification since 2008, have helped improve its malaria situation in recent years. These successful measures need to be sustained and perhaps intensified further for eliminating malaria from Odisha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashirbad Pradhan
- Centre for Disease Epidemiology and Surveillance, Asian Institute of Public Health, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Anita Anasuya
- Department for International Development, United Kingdom supported Technical and Management Support Team, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Madan Mohan Pradhan
- National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Odisha, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Kavitha AK
- Centre for Disease Epidemiology and Surveillance, Asian Institute of Public Health, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Priyanka Kar
- National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Odisha, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Centre for Disease Epidemiology and Surveillance, Asian Institute of Public Health, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pinaki Panigrahi
- Center for Global Health and Development, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, United States of America
| | - Ambarish Dutta
- Centre for Disease Epidemiology and Surveillance, Asian Institute of Public Health, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Public Health Foundation of India, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- * E-mail:
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Sarkar PK, Maji S, Kumar GS, Chandra Sahoo K, Mandal D, Acharya S. Triboelectric generator composed of bulk poly(vinylidene fluoride) and polyethylene polymers for mechanical energy conversion. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23427a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Triboelectric generator composed of poly(vinylidene fluoride) and polyethylene shows an output voltage of ∼20 V lighting at least 12 LEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Kanti Sarkar
- Centre for Advanced Materials (CAM)
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Subrata Maji
- Centre for Advanced Materials (CAM)
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Gundam Sandeep Kumar
- Centre for Advanced Materials (CAM)
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Centre for Advanced Materials (CAM)
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | | | - Somobrata Acharya
- Centre for Advanced Materials (CAM)
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
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Sahoo KC, Hulland KRS, Caruso BA, Swain R, Freeman MC, Panigrahi P, Dreibelbis R. Sanitation-related psychosocial stress: A grounded theory study of women across the life-course in Odisha, India. Soc Sci Med 2015; 139:80-9. [PMID: 26164119 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
While sanitation interventions have focused primarily on child health, women's unique health risks from inadequate sanitation are gaining recognition as a priority issue. This study examines the range of sanitation-related psychosocial stressors during routine sanitation practices in Odisha, India. Between August 2013 and March 2014, we conducted in-depth interviews with 56 women in four life stages: adolescent, newly married, pregnant and established adult women in three settings: urban slums, rural villages and indigenous villages. Using a grounded theory approach, the study team transcribed, translated, coded and discussed interviews using detailed analytic memos to identify and characterize stressors at each life stage and study site. We found that sanitation practices encompassed more than defecation and urination and included carrying water, washing, bathing, menstrual management, and changing clothes. During the course of these activities, women encountered three broad types of stressors-environmental, social, and sexual-the intensity of which were modified by the woman's life stage, living environment, and access to sanitation facilities. Environmental barriers, social factors and fears of sexual violence all contributed to sanitation-related psychosocial stress. Though women responded with small changes to sanitation practices, they were unable to significantly modify their circumstances, notably by achieving adequate privacy for sanitation-related behaviors. A better understanding of the range of causes of stress and adaptive behaviors is needed to inform context-specific, gender-sensitive sanitation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bethany A Caruso
- Department of Behavioral Science and Health Education and Center for Global Safe Water/Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rojalin Swain
- Asian Institute of Public Health, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Matthew C Freeman
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Pinaki Panigrahi
- Epidemiology and Pediatrics and Center for Global Health and Development, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Robert Dreibelbis
- Center for Applied Social Research, Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, and Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
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Sahoo KC, Tamhankar AJ, Johansson E, Stålsby Lundborg C. Community perceptions of infectious diseases, antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in context of environmental changes: a study in Odisha, India. Health Expect 2012; 17:651-63. [PMID: 22583645 DOI: 10.1111/j.1369-7625.2012.00789.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The public health impact of environmental changes and the faceless threat of antibiotic resistance are currently among the top global health challenges. Community understanding of health, diseases and medicines in relation to the changing environment is necessary to mitigate the impact of these changes on health and for prudent use of antibiotics. OBJECTIVE The objective is to explore community perceptions of infectious diseases, antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in the context of environmental changes. METHODS A qualitative study was conducted among community members with various backgrounds in education, gender, age and occupation of two districts of Odisha, India. Eight focus groups discussions and ten individual interviews were conducted. Data were analysed using content analysis. RESULTS Two themes emerged: 'Interpretation of infectious diseases and health hazards in the context of environmental changes', and 'Understanding of antibiotic use and its consequences for resistance development and the environment'. The participants perceived that nowadays there is irregularity in the occurrence of seasons, particularly an increase in average temperature, which is influencing health. Participants' perceptions of infectious diseases, antibiotic use and resistance varied according to their social environment. Furthermore, they perceived that improved sanitation, choice of alternative medicine and awareness and education on prudent use of antibiotics are probably some ways to prevent antibiotic resistance. CONCLUSIONS The participants perceived that climate variability is increasing and that this has health consequences for the community. They also hypothesized an interrelationship between the environment, infectious diseases and medicine use, particularly antibiotics. This is helpful for further empirical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Doctoral Student, Division of Global Health (IHCAR), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenProfessor, Department of Environmental Medicine, R.D. Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, IndiaNational Coordinator, Indian Initiative for Management of Antibiotic Resistance (IIMAR), Professor Emeritus, N.G. Acharya & D.K. Marathe College, Mumbai, IndiaAssociate Professor, Division of Global Health (IHCAR), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenProfessor, The Nordic School of Public Health, Gothenburg, SwedenProfessor, Division of Global Health (IHCAR), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Sahoo KC, Tamhankar AJ, Sahoo S, Sahu PS, Klintz SR, Lundborg CS. Geographical variation in antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from stool, cow-dung and drinking water. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2012; 9:746-59. [PMID: 22690160 PMCID: PMC3367274 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph9030746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Little information is available on relationships between the biophysical environment and antibiotic resistance. This study was conducted to investigate the antibiotic resistance pattern of Escherichia coli isolated from child stool samples, cow-dung and drinking water from the non-coastal (230 households) and coastal (187 households) regions of Odisha, India. Susceptibility testing of E. coli isolates (n = 696) to the following antibiotics: tetracycline, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, cefixime, cotrimoxazole, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and nalidixic acid was performed by the disk diffusion method. Ciprofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined for ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates (n = 83). Resistance to at least one antibiotic was detected in 90% or more of the E. coli isolates. Ciprofloxacin MIC values ranged from 8 to 32 µg/mL. The odds ratio (OR) of resistance in E. coli isolates from children’s stool (OR = 3.1, 95% CI 1.18–8.01), cow-dung (OR = 3.6, 95% CI 1.59–8.03, P = 0.002) and drinking water (OR = 3.8, 95% CI 1.00–14.44, P = 0.049) were higher in non-coastal compared to coastal region. Similarly, the co-resistance in cow-dung (OR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.39–4.37, P = 0.002) and drinking water (OR = 3.2, 95% CI 1.36–7.41, P = 0.008) as well as the multi-resistance in cow-dung (OR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.12–4.34, P = 0.022) and drinking water (OR = 2.7, 95% CI 1.06–7.07, P = 0.036) were also higher in the non-coastal compared to the coastal region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- Division of Global Health (IHCAR), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, SE 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (S.R.K.); (C.S.L.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; ; Tel.: +46-0-8-524-83366; Fax: +46-8-311-590
| | - Ashok J. Tamhankar
- Indian Initiative for Management of Antibiotic Resistance (IIMAR), Department of Environmental Medicine, R.D. Gardi Medical College, Ujjain 456 006, India;
| | - Soumyakanta Sahoo
- Department of Microbiology, Super Religare Laboratories Limited, Kalinga Hospital, Bhubaneswar 751 023, India;
| | - Priyadarshi Soumyaranjan Sahu
- Department of Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences and School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751 024, India;
| | - Senia Rosales Klintz
- Division of Global Health (IHCAR), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, SE 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (S.R.K.); (C.S.L.)
| | - Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg
- Division of Global Health (IHCAR), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, SE 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (S.R.K.); (C.S.L.)
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